Journal articles on the topic 'Climatic changes Research Indonesia'
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1
Didenko, Iryna, Kseniia Volik, Tetiana Vasylieva, Serhiy Lyeonov, and Nataliia Antoniuk. "Environmental migration and country security: Theoretical analysis and empirical research." E3S Web of Conferences 234 (2021): 00010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123400010.
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The article considers the impact of environmental changes on population migration and security of countries. Theoretical aspects of Environmental migration, in particular its essence and types, are studied. The main directions of scientific research in this field are considered. In particular, much attention is about finding ways to adapt to changes in the environment and minimize the negative consequences of these changes to achieve sustainable development in both regions and countries. The study found that internal population movements are mainly due to climatic factors such as storms and floods. It was determined that in 2019, about 52% of new mixing was caused by storms and 40% - by floods. Countries for which the phenomenon of ecological migration is most characteristic are India, the Philippines, the United States, China, and Indonesia. The main problems that arise in the study of Environmental mobility of the population are identifiedThey are mainly related to the lack of information and statistical base for conducting qualitative and diverse research.
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Athaillah, Farida, Muhammad Hambal, Yudha Fahrimal, Muttaqien Bakri, Ellyawardani Ellyawardani, Henni Vanda, and Abu Hassan Ahmad. "8. Aedes Mosquitoes Abundance In Relation To Some Climatic Factors In Banda Aceh City, Indonesia." International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v1i1.5393.
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Dengue viruses and their mosquito vectors as an endemic disease in Indonesia are sensitive to their environment. The rising incidence of dengue is influenced by many factors, climate is one of them. Temperature, rainfall and humidity have well-defined roles in the transmission cycle. Changes in these conditions may contribute to increasing incidence. The purpose of this research was to determine the correlation between the dengue vector abundance and some climatic factors (temperature, rainfall and humidity) in Banda Aceh city after the tsunami. We also examined the potential effects of climate variations on dengue epidemiological pattern in indoor and outdoor of tsunami affected areas in Banda Aceh City during January – December 2010. Data processing was performed using SPSS and will be presented in tabular form. Pearson correlation test for parametric test and Spearman correlation coefficients for non-parametric test were performed to investigate the overall correlation between Aedes eggs abundance rates and some meteorological variables such as temperatures (0C), relative humidity (RH), and rainfall (RR). The result showed that the total egg populations in indoor and outdoor of tsunami affected areas are not significantly different among those factors. There was a positive correlation between eggs abundance and rainfall, but negatively correlated with temperature and relative humidity. From this result we can conclude that the abundance of Aedes eggs is not significantly correlated to temperature and humidity in indoor and outdoor of tsunami affected areas in Banda Aceh City.
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Ardi, R. D. W., Aswan, K. A. Maryunani, E. Yulianto, P. S. Putra, and S. H. Nugroho. "Australian–Indonesian monsoon rainfall responses to the northern hemisphere climatic changes prior to the Last Glacial Maximum: an early indication." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1047, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1047/1/012031.
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Abstract The evidences of Australian-Indonesian monsoon (AIM) rainfall response to the northern hemisphere climatic changes from both marine and terrestrial proxies are well established for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) – Deglaciation time interval but not in the previous time interval. Sediment cores from off south Sumba (ST10) and off north Sumba (Sumba strait) (ST14) were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence method to obtain elemental proxies. Elemental ratios which reflect terrigenous input (Ti/Ca and K/Ca) are used to infer the AIM rainfall changes since ~42 ka BP. AIM rainfall changes indicate a clear response to the Heinrich Events prior to the LGM (H2, H3, and H4). H2 and H3 are corroborated with the AIM rainfall increases in off south Sumba (~24 – 26 ka BP and ~30 – 31 ka BP) while the AIM rainfall increase (~39 – 41 ka BP) in the Sumba strait indicates a response to H4. The cooler temperature during the Heinrich Events could enhance the Northern Hemisphere (NH) cold surges which eventually pushed the Austral summer Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) southward in a similar fashion to the Last Deglaciation period (~18 – 11 ka BP). The southward movement of Austral summer ITCZ should increase the research area’s exposure time to the Tropical Rain Belt (TRB) during the Australian – Indonesian summer monsoon (AISM) which eventually triggers the AIM rainfall increase. The Sumba strait AIM rainfall unresponsiveness to H2 and H3 could be related to the constant exposure time to the TRB which indicates that the southern limit of Austral summer ITCZ during its northernmost shift didn’t reach the latitude of Sumba Strait. Comparison with other proxies from the same site and other rainfall proxies from southern Indonesia and the northern Australia regions is needed to confirm the spatial extend of those responses.
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Zukifli, Afni. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FOREST AND LAND FIRE MANAGEMENT POLICY IN INDONESIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research 9, no. 2 (October 31, 2022): 197–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.197-214.
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The coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) has raised questions about changes in subsequent environmental effects, mainly forest and land fires. This paper evaluates the implementation of land and forest fire management policies in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in 2020. A qualitative approach was conducted in policy implementation analysis based on George Edward III's theory by looking at bureaucratic structure, resources, communication, and disposition factors. The research focused on the operational work of the Forest and Land Fire Brigade, known as Manggala Agni, in Indonesia. The results showed that the collaborative work of Manggala Agni and the other forest and land fire task forces successfully reduced the hotspots; hence there was a significant decrease in the burned area. It is also inseparable from climatic factors. During this period there was no haze disaster although the task of controlling forest and land fires still encountered several obstacles during the pandemic. This is because of training, technology transfer, budget support, and synergy between stakeholders and Manggala Agni’s team members, so a significant reduction in forest and land fires during 2020 can be achieved.
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Ramli, I., A. Achmad, A. Anhar, and A. Izzaty. "Landscape patterns changes and relation to water infiltration of Krueng Peusangan Watershed in Aceh." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 916, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/916/1/012017.
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Abstract Watershed has played an important source of ecosystem services (ES). The Krueng Peusangan watershed (KPW) is considered to be the “lungs” and ecological border in the central region of Aceh, Indonesia. This study aims to monitor landscape patterns in the watershed area of 2009-2019 and to predict changes in 2039 and their relationship with infiltration. The selection of this research area is due to the notion that KPW is one of the numerously deforested watersheds in the country. Temporal spatial monitoring of landscape (land use/cover, LUC) patterns are required to inform policy and support future spatial management planning towards sustainability. Landscape patterns changes in KPW, including the extent of loss and addition of forest over the last few years, have not been quantified. In constructing the regional development policies, information regarding the effects of landscape changes and climatic patterns on ecosystem services is essential. Therefore, the knowledge development of this relationship is encouraged. The comparison value between potential and actual infiltration could identify the watershed category. The upstream area of KPW is classified as a significantly critical watershed due to LUC changes. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to improve the absorption zone for the continuation of groundwater protection.
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Rahmani, Ardhi Arsala, Dewi Susanna, and Tommi Febrian. "The relationship between climate change and malaria in South-East Asia: A systematic review of the evidence." F1000Research 11 (December 22, 2022): 1555. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.125294.1.
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Background: Climatic change is an inescapable fact that implies alterations in seasons where weather occurrences have their schedules shift from the regular and magnitudes intensify to more extreme variations over a multi-year period. Southeast Asia is one of the many regions experiencing changes in climate and concurrently still has endemicities of malaria. Given that previous studies have suggested the influence of climate on malaria’s vector the Anopheles mosquitoes and parasite the Plasmodium group, this study was conducted to review the evidence of associations made between malaria cases and climatic variables in Southeast Asia throughout a multi-year period. Methods: Our systematic literature review was informed by the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO: CRD42022301826 on 5th February 2022. We searched for original articles in English and Indonesian that focused on the associations between climatic variables and malaria cases. Results: The initial identification stage resulted in 535 records of possible relevance and after abstract screening and eligibility assessment we included 19 research articles for the systematic review. Based on the reviewed articles, changing temperatures, precipitation, humidity and windspeed were considered for statistical association across a multi-year period and are correlated with malaria cases in various regions throughout Southeast Asia. Conclusions: According to the review of evidence, climatic variables that exhibited a statistically significant correlation with malaria cases include temperatures, precipitation, and humidity. The strength of each climatic variable varies across studies. Our systematic review of the limited evidence indicates that further research for the Southeast Asia region remains to be explored.
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Atkinson, Christopher, and Haris Alibašić. "Prospects for Governance and Climate Change Resilience in Peatland Management in Indonesia." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 1839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031839.
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Southeast Asia has the most significant tropical peat/peat carbon storage area in the world, with Indonesia being the primary location for much of it. Anthropogenic changes to peatlands have resulted in a threat to these endangered ecosystems; policies that have favored industrial and elite interests above those of local communities have resulted in severe consequences for the environment and public health, not only in Indonesia and its region, but for the world community in terms of contributions to climate change. Decentralization has been seen as a means of sharing authority and accountability with lower government levels and providing additional opportunities for shared governance. Still, there is reason to question the means of these approaches and the results of such efforts. The research question is: What can be learned about the administration’s role in leading stakeholder involvement from the case of Indonesian peatland management? The authors utilize outcome additionality as a framework connected to the resilience of peatlands.
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Daruati, Dini, Unggul Handoko, Meti Yulianti, Iwan Ridwansyah, Aldiano Rahmadya, and Dewi Verawati. "Study on the Opportunities Related to Coastal Vulnerability in Indonesia Using Bibliometric Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 13, no. 5 (2022): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2022.13.5.1391.
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Coastal areas have very important roles and benefits. Unfortunately, most of them in the world are experiencing the effects of climatic changes such as rising sea levels, increasing coastal erosion, and marine intrusion. Meanwhile, there have been many studies on coastal vulnerability from various aspects and perspectives. Therefore, it is necessary to study the trend on coastal vulnerability from past historical records of several decades ago and also from the aspects that have not been studied. This study aims to identify gaps and opportunities related to coastal vulnerability to provide solutions to sustainability themes in the future. Also, there is a need for this study since it is not monotonous and contains a novel element. The method used in this review article is Web of Science (WoS) as the database source, while VOSviewer is used to visualize and analyze the Bibliometric maps. WoS is a website that provides subscription-based access to multiple databases that provide comprehensive citation data for many different academic disciplines, while VOSviewer is a software tool for constructing and visualizing bibliometric networks. The analysis shows that for over 20 years, topics related to coastal vulnerability around the world are divided into four categories, each of which shows the most frequently occurring themes, namely climate change, coastal vulnerability, sea level, and vulnerability. Subsequently, there is a gap in coastal vulnerability, which is a topic on climate change that has been rarely studied in Indonesia since 2015. This bibliometric approach is used to identify key themes in each study or scope of knowledge that has been conducted so far, which is beneficialin determining novel future research.
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Sutapa, I. Wayan, Muhammad Galib Ishak, and Vera Wim Andiese. "Impact of climate change on rawa river water source in lake Lindu watershed, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia." MATEC Web of Conferences 276 (2019): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927604003.
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Global Climate change has been discussed in the High-Level Conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992 and has given more impacts in the world. One of the global climate exchanges is the rising of intensity and frequency of climate extreme which included drought, flood, and hurricane. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of climate change on evapotranspiration and rainfall for river water discharge of Rawa. The investigation has been carried out using daily data and analyzed on a daily, monthly and yearly. The rain stations that represent the location of this research are Palolo, Kulawi, and Wuasa. Climatological station nearest to the research station used Bora. Climate trends and projected changes in the method of Makesens analysis (Mann-Kendall, Sens) and the correlation of rainfall and evapotranspiration discharge used linear regression equation. Similarly, the correlation between changes in soil water storage with rainfall, evapotranspiration, and discharge was analyzed in a linear manner. The conclusion of this study is the climate changes in the River of Rawa watershed was characterized by slowly increasing temperature, increasing rainfall, and decreasing discharge.
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Ismana, Defri Ramadhan, Seta Baehera, Anwar Fitrianto, Bagus Sartono, and Sachnaz Desta Oktarina. "Penggerombolan Desa di Jawa Barat Berdasarkan Daerah Rawan Bencana." Jurnal Statistika dan Aplikasinya 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jsa.06210.
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Indonesia is one of the countries that has a large potential for natural disasters. Indonesia's position at the confluence of 4 continental plates makes the potential for earthquakes even greater. The tropical climate with 2 seasons makes changes in weather, temperature and wind direction quite extreme. These climatic conditions combined with the relatively diverse surface and rock topography conditions, these conditions can cause several bad consequences for the community such as hydrometeorological disasters such as floods, landslides, forest fires, and droughts. Particularly in West Java province, natural disasters that have occurred include: landslides, droughts, cyclones/typhoons, tidal waves, fires, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and other disasters. The purpose of this study was to cluster villages in the West Java region based on the level of disaster-prone in 2018. The research was carried out using K-Prototypes clustering and testing evaluation using the silhouette coefficient. The results showed that the optimal number of clusters in this study was nine clusters. These clusters can be distinguished based on the disaster category and the characteristics of the area.
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Barkey, Roland Alexander, Muh Faisal Mappiasse, and Munajat Nursaputra. "MODEL OF CLIMATE AND LAND-USE CHANGES IMPACT ON WATER SECURITY IN AMBON CITY, INDONESIA." Geoplanning: Journal of Geomatics and Planning 4, no. 1 (February 8, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/geoplanning.4.1.97-108.
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Ambon City is the center of national activities in Maluku province, established under Presidential Decree 77 issued in 2014 about spatial planning of Maluku Islands. Ambon is a strategic region in terms of development in agriculture and fisheries sectors. Development of the region caused this area to be extremely vulnerable to the issues on water security. Seven watersheds which are Air Manis, Hutumury, Passo, Tulehu, Wae Batu Merah, Wae Lela and Wae Sikula affect the water system in Ambon City. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the impact of climate and land use change on water availability in seven watersheds in Ambon City. The analysis was performed using a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model in order to analyze climate changes on the period of 1987-1996 (past), of 2004-2013 (present) and climate projection on the period 2035s (future) and equally to analyze land use data in 1996 and 2014. The results of the research indicated that land use in the study area has changed since 1996 to 2014. Forest area decreased around 32.45%, while residential areas and agriculture land increased 56.01% and 19.80%, respectively. The results of SWAT model presented the water availability amount to 1127.01 million m3/year on the period of 1987-1996. During the period of 2004-2013, it has been reduced to 1,076.55 million m3/year (around 4.48% decrease). The results of the prediction of future water availability in the period of 2035s estimated a decrease of water availability around 4.69% (1,026.09 million m3/year). Land use and climate change have greatly contributed to the water availability in seven watersheds of Ambon City. Ambon City is in need of land use planning especially the application of spatial plan. The maintenance of forest area is indispensable. In built-up areas, it is essential to implement green space and water harvesting in order to secure water availability in the future.
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Febriandika, Nur Rizqi, and Cahyaningtiyas Rahayu. "The Impact of Climate Change on Economic Conditions: Evidence in Indonesia." JEJAK 14, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v14i2.29920.
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Climate change has consequences and influences on agricultural productivity, especially in tropical areas such as Indonesia. Agricultural produce contributes to the level of Gross Domestic Product. Climate change is a challenge for the environment that has the most extensive impact on the economic, natural resources, and agricultural sectors, even as a concern for climate change on agricultural production. So it is needed to discuss climate change which has an impact on various sectors, especially the economic sector. This research was carried out during 2016-2018 using all provinces in Indonesia. This study uses panel data regression method, and the chosen model is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) by displaying the effects of each region. The results of this study show that R-squared value is 0.990095 which means that 99% of independent variables collectively determine the value of GDP. Meanwhile, changes in temperature, increased rainfall, and increased air quality index partially have no effect on GDP. Only the extent of agricultural land area partially has a positive effect on GDP.
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Russell, James M., Satria Bijaksana, Hendrik Vogel, Martin Melles, Jens Kallmeyer, Daniel Ariztegui, Sean Crowe, et al. "The Towuti Drilling Project: paleoenvironments, biological evolution, and geomicrobiology of a tropical Pacific lake." Scientific Drilling 21 (July 27, 2016): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-21-29-2016.
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Abstract. The Towuti Drilling Project (TDP) is an international research program, whose goal is to understand long-term environmental and climatic change in the tropical western Pacific, the impacts of geological and environmental changes on the biological evolution of aquatic taxa, and the geomicrobiology and biogeochemistry of metal-rich, ultramafic-hosted lake sediments through the scientific drilling of Lake Towuti, southern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Lake Towuti is a large tectonic lake at the downstream end of the Malili lake system, a chain of five highly biodiverse lakes that are among the oldest lakes in Southeast Asia. In 2015 we carried out a scientific drilling program on Lake Towuti using the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) Deep Lakes Drilling System (DLDS). We recovered a total of ∼ 1018 m of core from 11 drilling sites with water depths ranging from 156 to 200 m. Recovery averaged 91.7 %, and the maximum drilling depth was 175 m below the lake floor, penetrating the entire sedimentary infill of the basin. Initial data from core and borehole logging indicate that these cores record the evolution of a highly dynamic tectonic and limnological system, with clear indications of orbital-scale climate variability during the mid- to late Pleistocene.
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Kristiadi, Yusuf, Riri Fitri Sari, Herdis Herdiansyah, Hayati Sari Hasibuan, and Tiong Hoo Lim. "Developing DPSIR Framework for Managing Climate Change in Urban Areas: A Case Study in Jakarta, Indonesia." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 27, 2022): 15773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315773.
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From an environmentally conscious and ecological perspective, the sustainability of cities within the effects of climate change are closely related to the wise use of resources and modifications in the ecological status of the environment. In terms of the ecological environment, the sustainability of smart cities entails meeting present and future societal demands for the environment of the water, land, and air, among others. Environmental and the ecological concerns that arise from rapid climate change and monetary developments are shown in the inconsistency between ecological assets, environmental pollution, and the destruction of nature. In this study, the authors aim to develop a strategy to deal with climate change in urban areas using Remote Sensing and the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) Framework with a case study in Jakarta Smart City. The DPSIR framework, which will be developed and implemented in the city of Jakarta, is a smarter and more sustainable framework that is evaluated through a systematic evaluation of sustainability with quantitative research using the entropy weight method and Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). These methods evaluate 58 representative elements of environments at the urban level, including the shortcomings of earlier research such as data availability, spatial and temporal constraints, and several related ecological indicators, such as soil pH, wind speed, air quality index as well as land changes in the spatial (spatiotemporal) time series. The results of the study show that in the metropolitan city of Jakarta, the Drivers that are related to climate change are the rate of population growth and the rate of industrial growth which, although increases people’s income and GRDP in Jakarta; it also creates Pressures, namely an increase in the amount of water consumption and in the amount of wastewater. Based on these pressures, the environmental conditions (State) of Jakarta city have undergone several environmental changes, such as loss of water supply, changes in wind speed, changes in rainfall, and increasing concentrations of the Air Pollutant Standard Index. The Impact of these three elements resulted in the increase in household and industrial water consumption, an increase in annual electricity consumption, and deteriorating air quality. Hence, the Response to these four interrelated causal variables is that the Jakarta Provincial Government must increase annual funds for the construction of urban community facilities, increase the production capacity of clean water supply, build environment-friendly wastewater treatment facilities, increase the capacity of waste processing infrastructure and transportation fleets, and educate people to use water wisely to reduce the level of water use.
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Turpyn, Juan Malik Frederick, and Anggaraksa Adiwitya. "Raising Awareness of Indonesia's Climate Change Mitigation by Social Media Campaign." Communicare : Journal of Communication Studies 8, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37535/101008120214.
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Climate change is a big concern that must be realized because it has become a problem in various sectors both at the international, regional, national and local levels. The occurrence of climate change will certainly also affect the occurrence of extreme weather and disasters - disasters that are not wanted by the public at large. However, the level of public awareness of the bad climate change is still fairly low due to the lack of knowledge about climate change. People can play a role in dealing with climate change, and be actors in mitigating these changes. The use of public communication can increase public awareness and participation in adaptation and mitigation actions on climate change can be realized in many ways, one of which is campaigning to the public. The purpose of this research is to find out how the implementation of social media campaigns in raising awareness of Indonesia's climate change mitigation in the future. The research method that will be used is qualitative with data collection techniques used is Focus Group Discussion, document studies and observations on the intended social media accounts. Researchers did simple research by creating social media accounts to conduct campaigns on the SDGs' points on climate change. The result of this research is the implementation of social media campaigns in raising awareness of Climate Change Mitigation in Indonesia raises various positive aspects ranging from changes in people's lifestyles and presenting good awareness.
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Primadani, Karina Armilia, Andy Alfatih, and Febrimarandi Malinda. "The Influence of Organizational Communication Climate Toward Employees Performance." Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v1i1.4.
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Advances in technology and information have shaped an increasingly advanced society and make changes every life sector. This change has an impact on competition in the business world especially in Indonesia which have many companies. The research design was quantitative descriptive. Research sample was 91 respondents namely employees of PT Pertamina (Persero) RU III Plaju and data collection methods was done by questionnaire and observation. Data analysis began with validation test and questionnaire reliability test, then performed a correlation test and linear regression on the test variable. The results showed an influence of the communication environment of organization for performance of the employees of PT Pertamina (Persero) RU III Plaju was 44.7%.
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Sunardi, Sunardi, Rina Febriani, Budi Irawan, and Mutia Septi Saputri. "The Dynamic of Phytoplankton Community Structure in Face of Warming Climate in A Tropical Man-Made Lake." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 9, no. 1 (March 16, 2017): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.7725.
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<p>In freshwater ecosystems, water temperature plays as an environmental factor that regulates its structure and function. A research on the impacts of changes in temperature to the dynamics of the Phytoplankton community structure has been done. Data from nineteen-year period (1995 to 2013) were collected from Cirata Reservoir as an example of artificial tropical lake in Indonesia. The research aimed to determine the changes of water temperature as the impact of climate warming on the dynamics of phytoplankton community structure. Different measures such as species richness, diversity index, and abundance were measured in order to understand the changes of phytoplankton community structure. Trend analysis, linear regression, and correlation were applied to achieve our objective. The study revealed that changes in water temperature have affected the species richness, but not the diversity index and abundance of the phytoplankton. Bacilariophyceae and Cyanophyceae were found as two predominant phytoplankton classes in the lake with percentage of 48,45 and 41,43 respectively, assuming their capacity to adapt the new environment. This study suggests that climate warming implies changes of the freshwater ecosystems.</p>
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Fitriawati, Fitriawati, and Djoko Santoso Abi Suroso. "Identification of Fishermen Household’s Adaptive Capacity in Responding to Climate Change Impacts (A Case Study of Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency, Indonesia)." Indonesian Journal of Planning and Development 2, no. 1 (February 27, 2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijpd.2.1.19-26.
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Climate change affects the uncertainty of oceanographic condition that has an impact on the marine fisheries, such as changes in fishing areas, winds, and extreme waves. As an archipelagic country, the majority of Indonesian cities are in the coastal area whose the community’s livelihood depends on marine fishery activities. Climate change impacts the coastal community who engages in fishery activities are now being vulnerable group towards climate change. This condition is also experienced by fishermen in Muncar District, the second biggest fishery port in Indonesia. It is necessary to enhance fishermen household’s adaptive capacity which is the key to region’s resilience. This research focuses on adaptive capacity assessment by formulating criteria and indicators based on the expert's theories review. The method that is used in this research is statistic descriptive based on a questionnaire which distributed to 120 households samples. This research also views perception of fishermen on climate change impacts and on how Local Government Units (LGUs) and Community Organizations (COs)support the increase of fishermen household’s adaptive capacity. The result of the assessment showed that 56% of households have ‘medium’ adaptive capacity, 34% of them are in ‘low’ adaptive capacity, and 10% households are in ‘high’ adaptive capacity. The LGUs and COs gives a high endorsement to households to increase their adaptive capacity. The result of this study can be taken into consideration in formulating the strategies to enhance fishermen household’s adaptive capacity in order to realize the resilient fishermen households socially and economically.
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Hidayat, F., and I. Thomiyah. "Investigating Climate Change Risk of “ Oil and Gas” City: Case of Dumai City, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 950, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/950/1/012017.
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Abstract Based on Climate Resilient Development Policies on 2020-2045, there are four priority sectors threatened by climate change, namely marine and coastal, water, agriculture, and health. Indonesia still depends on oil and gas energy that will threats to infrastructures that support the sustainability of production that can have an impact on people’s lifelines. This study investigates the risk distribution shift of climate change impacts in Dumai, which generally have oil refineries and ports. Risk is calculated by using hazard and vulnerability components. A uniform weighting approach is used to calculate each indicator indices. Using the RCP 8.5 hazard scenario with threats in the form of sea-level rise, moderate flooding, and high-end results in the projection year, this research results in significant differences in affected areas and at risk. The main factors affect the increasing of element at risk are the inundation and the spatial changes. An increase in the risk area means there will be an increase in losses. Moreover, disasters in oil and gas cities have the possibility of collateral hazards and even disruption of the national energy system. The government must take several adaptation steps such as adding eco-buffer zones, walls around refineries, and periodic monitoring of critical infrastructure.
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Lin, Jiamei, Anders Svensson, Christine S. Hvidberg, Johannes Lohmann, Steffen Kristiansen, Dorthe Dahl-Jensen, Jørgen Peder Steffensen, et al. "Magnitude, frequency and climate forcing of global volcanism during the last glacial period as seen in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (60–9 ka)." Climate of the Past 18, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 485–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-485-2022.
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Abstract. Large volcanic eruptions occurring in the last glacial period can be detected by their accompanying sulfuric acid deposition in continuous ice cores. Here we employ continuous sulfate and sulfur records from three Greenland and three Antarctic ice cores to estimate the emission strength, the frequency and the climatic forcing of large volcanic eruptions that occurred during the second half of the last glacial period and the early Holocene, 60–9 kyr before 2000 CE (b2k). Over most of the investigated interval the ice cores are synchronized, making it possible to distinguish large eruptions with a global sulfate distribution from eruptions detectable in one hemisphere only. Due to limited data resolution and large variability in the sulfate background signal, particularly in the Greenland glacial climate, we only list Greenland sulfate depositions larger than 20 kg km−2 and Antarctic sulfate depositions larger than 10 kg km−2. With those restrictions, we identify 1113 volcanic eruptions in Greenland and 737 eruptions in Antarctica within the 51 kyr period – for which the sulfate deposition of 85 eruptions is found at both poles (bipolar eruptions). Based on the ratio of Greenland and Antarctic sulfate deposition, we estimate the latitudinal band of the bipolar eruptions and assess their approximate climatic forcing based on established methods. A total of 25 of the identified bipolar eruptions are larger than any volcanic eruption occurring in the last 2500 years, and 69 eruptions are estimated to have larger sulfur emission strengths than the Tambora, Indonesia, eruption (1815 CE). Throughout the investigated period, the frequency of volcanic eruptions is rather constant and comparable to that of recent times. During the deglacial period (16–9 ka b2k), however, there is a notable increase in the frequency of volcanic events recorded in Greenland and an obvious increase in the fraction of very large eruptions. For Antarctica, the deglacial period cannot be distinguished from other periods. This confirms the suggestion that the isostatic unloading of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) ice sheets may be related to the enhanced NH volcanic activity. Our ice-core-based volcanic sulfate records provide the atmospheric sulfate burden and estimates of climate forcing for further research on climate impact and understanding the mechanism of the Earth system.
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Rusmayadi, Gusti, Umi Salawati, and Dewi Erika Adriani. "Impact of Extreme Climate on Orage Farming Surjan System in Botola." Journal of Environmental and Agricultural Studies 3, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jeas.2022.3.1.1.
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The determining factor for the success of agricultural cultivation in tidal swampland is water availability, which fluctuates throughout the plant's growth. The availability of water for oranges has a significant role in the final production of the product. In Indonesia, there are three types of rain patterns with variations in the growing season related to water availability: the rainy season between October and March and the dry season between April and September. Climate extremes such as drought (El-Niño) and wetness (La-Niña) fluctuate dynamically, impact shifts at the beginning and end of the growing season, and hurt citrus crop productivity. Therefore, an analysis of rice planting time in tidal swampland in Barito Kuala under extreme climatic events was carried out. The research was conducted in September – December 2020 with the survey method. The data was dug in-depth on the research respondents: citrus farmers, fruit traders, and related agencies. The number of samples was 90 people (45 male farmers and 45 female farmers). Two different villages were surveyed in each sub-district according to the type of tidal land, namely Marabahan sub-district (SP1 village and SP2 village), type A, Mandastana (Karang Indah village and Karang Bunga village) type B, and Cerbon sub-district. (Village of Simpang Nungki and Sungai Kambat) Type C. Planting time in tidal land begins after the amount of rainwater is sufficient to dissolve the iron content in the water. The probability of an El-Niño occurrence with an intensity of 1, 2, 3, and 4 years has the highest frequency of occurrence—respectively 3, 3, 5, and 3 times with probability around 16.7% to 27.8%. Meanwhile, La-Nia with an intensity of once a year with the highest frequency eight times with a 40.0% chance. La-Nia events coexist with El-Nio 15 times, and generally, El-Nio precedes La-Nia by about 44%. The cropping pattern in tidal swampland shows high resistance to climate change. Namely, the planting time has not changed much for decades under different climatic conditions.
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Mayastuti, Fendy Suhariadi, and Praptini Yulianti. "The Effect of University Organizational Climate on Lecturer Productive Behaviour in Private Universities in East Java, Indonesia." Technium Business and Management 2, no. 3 (November 24, 2022): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/business.v2i3.7693.
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This study shows evidence that the direct influence, including organizational climate, has a significant effect on the productive behavior of lecturers in private universities in East Java, Indonesia. This study uses a model concept that emphasizes the individual level, where individual factors have an essential role in an organization. Organizational sustainability is found in individuals in the organization, especially those who have good behavior and are supported by organizational climate. Another factor is job satisfaction for productive behavior; it will strongly influence and make a habit of doing constructive behavior. This research method uses a survey in which the sample is taken from the population with a questionnaire as a tool in the primary data collection. The unit of analysis is lecturers from private universities in East Java, Indonesia. On the other hand, this research can also be regarded as explanatory research that examines and discusses the effect of organizational climate variables and job satisfaction on productive behavior in private university lecturers in East Java, Indonesia. Based on the statistical calculations using the structural equation model (SEM) analysis technique, this study shows that the path coefficient value from organizational climate to job satisfaction is 0.384. strong influence. The results of data analysis using a structural equation model show that there is a path coefficient value from organizational climate to productive behavior with a value of 0.207; the importance of this path coefficient has a positive direction which explains that the more vigorous or higher the value of organizational climate is owned and felt by private university lecturers in East Java. The conclusion is that private universities in East Java have their peculiarities in maintaining the institution in the face of uncertain fluctuations or changes that are not easily predictable. Private universities in East Java have a relatively large number of institutes, high schools, polytechnics, and universities. In the face of various uncertain conditions, it is necessary to have an effort that emphasizes more productive behavior. The application of constructive behavior needs support and some theories on which to base it.
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Sumastuti, Efriyani. "The Empowerment Strategy for The Food Crop Farmers in Anticipating The Climate Change." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 16, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v16i2.1458.
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In Indonesia, the climate change and the global warming like changes in the pattern and distribution of the rainfall give impacts on agricultural production at large, especially in the food crops. These also cause droughts, floods, landslides, forest fires, rising temperatures in urban areas, and rising sea levels. The above impacts are felt by the farmers because those can lead to a decrease in production even the crop failure. This research aims to develop an empowerment strategy of the food crop farmers in anticipating the climate change in Central Java. The data used is the primary data obtained through in-depth interviews with key-person and the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) is conducted to determine the program priorities and strate gies. The result of research shows that anticipating the climate change should be synergistically conducted in four aspects: human resources, technology, institutional and production, by involving various groups in the society. Various groups can be grouped into academics, businessmen / private sectors, government and community of food crop farmers / society.
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Sulistyawati, Sulistyawati, and Izzatun Nisa. "Climate Change and Health Teenager’s Perceptions as a Basis for Interventions." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 5, no. 3 (July 22, 2016): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v5i3.4795.
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Climate change is becoming a major issue around the globe with increasing impact on human health. Strategies aiming to address these climate change impacts are thus a necessity. Involving teenagers as agents of change is one way to promote necessary changes in attitudes and behaviors, in the community and our future society. This paper explores climate change perceptions among teenagers in order to formulate strategies that include them as agents in climate change adaptation addressing health. We did quick survey in 95 students, which are categorized as teenagers from a senior high school in Gunungkidul, Indonesia randomly enrolled as respondents in this research, but 15 of them dropped out due to the incompleteness of answer. A structured questionnaire was used to measure the teenagers’ perceptions about climate change and health. Based on this research respondents have had an intermediate understanding of the impact of climate change on human health. There were 65% of respondents stated that they felt the impact of climate change this time. However, the level of understanding varies with respect to disease. So that, it is highly recommended to improve the knowledge of teenagers about climate change and its consequences on human health by use mass media (TV, Radio and the internet) as media channels for interventions targeting teenagers.
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Sulistyawati, Sulistyawati, and Izzatun Nisa. "Climate Change and Health Teenager’s Perceptions as a Basis for Interventions." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 5, no. 3 (July 22, 2016): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/.v5i3.4795.
Full textAbstract:
Climate change is becoming a major issue around the globe with increasing impact on human health. Strategies aiming to address these climate change impacts are thus a necessity. Involving teenagers as agents of change is one way to promote necessary changes in attitudes and behaviors, in the community and our future society. This paper explores climate change perceptions among teenagers in order to formulate strategies that include them as agents in climate change adaptation addressing health. We did quick survey in 95 students, which are categorized as teenagers from a senior high school in Gunungkidul, Indonesia randomly enrolled as respondents in this research, but 15 of them dropped out due to the incompleteness of answer. A structured questionnaire was used to measure the teenagers’ perceptions about climate change and health. Based on this research respondents have had an intermediate understanding of the impact of climate change on human health. There were 65% of respondents stated that they felt the impact of climate change this time. However, the level of understanding varies with respect to disease. So that, it is highly recommended to improve the knowledge of teenagers about climate change and its consequences on human health by use mass media (TV, Radio and the internet) as media channels for interventions targeting teenagers.
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Syahid, Luri Nurlaila, Anjar Dimara Sakti, Riantini Virtriana, Ketut Wikantika, Wiwin Windupranata, Satoshi Tsuyuki, Rezzy Eko Caraka, and Rudhi Pribadi. "Determining Optimal Location for Mangrove Planting Using Remote Sensing and Climate Model Projection in Southeast Asia." Remote Sensing 12, no. 22 (November 13, 2020): 3734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12223734.
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The decreasing area of mangroves is an ongoing problem since, between 1980 and 2005, one-third of the world’s mangroves were lost. Rehabilitation and restoration strategies are required to address this situation. However, mangroves do not always respond well to these strategies and have high mortality due to several growth limiting parameters. This study developed a land suitability map for new mangrove plantations in different Southeast Asian countries for both current and future climates at a 250-m resolution. Hydrodynamic, geomorphological, climatic, and socio-economic parameters and three representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios (RCP 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5) for 2050 and 2070 with two global climate model datasets (the Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques Climate model version 5 [CNRM-CM5.1] and the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate [MIROC5]) were used to predict suitable areas for mangrove planting. An analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the level of importance for each parameter. To test the accuracy of the results, the mangrove land suitability analysis were further compared using different weights in every parameter. The sensitivity test using the Wilcoxon test was also carried out to test which variables had changed with the first weight and the AHP weight. The land suitability products from this study were compared with those from previous studies. The differences in land suitability for each country in Southeast Asia in 2050 and 2070 to analyze the differences in each RCP scenario and their effects on the mangrove land suitability were also assessed. Currently, there is 398,000 ha of potentially suitable land for mangrove planting in Southeast Asia, and this study shows that it will increase between now and 2070. Indonesia account for 67.34% of the total land area in the “very suitable” and “suitable” class categories. The RCP 8.5 scenario in 2070, with both the MIROC5 and CNRM-CM5.1 models, resulted in the largest area of a “very suitable” class category for mangrove planting. This study provides information for the migration of mangrove forests to the land, alleviating many drawbacks, especially for ecosystems.
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Kang, Junmei, Zhihua Wang, Lichun Sui, Xiaomei Yang, Yuanzheng Ma, and Jun Wang. "Consistency Analysis of Remote Sensing Land Cover Products in the Tropical Rainforest Climate Region: A Case Study of Indonesia." Remote Sensing 12, no. 9 (April 30, 2020): 1410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12091410.
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Land cover changes in tropical rainforest climate zones play an important role in global climate change and the functioning of the Earth’s natural system. Existing research on the consistency of different land cover products has mainly focused on administrative divisions (continental or national scales). However, the ongoing production of large regional or global land cover products with higher resolutions requires us to have a better grasp of confusing land types and their geographical locations for different zoning (e.g., geographical zoning) in order to guide the optimization of strategies such as zoning and sample selection in automated land cover classification. Therefore, we selected the GlobeLand30-2010, GLC_FCS30-2015, and FROM_GLC2015 global land cover products with a 30-m resolution covering Indonesia, which has a tropical rainforest climate, as a case study, and then analyzed these products in terms of areal consistency, spatial consistency, and accuracy evaluation. The results revealed that (a) all three land cover products revealed that forest is the main land cover type in Indonesia. The area correlation coefficient of any two products is better than 0.89; (b) the areas that are completely consistent among the three products account for 58% of the total area of Indonesia, mainly distributed in the central and northern parts of Kalimantan and Papua, which are dominated by forest land types. The spatial consistency of the three products is low, however, due to the complex surface types and staggered distributions of grassland, shrub, cultivated land, artificial surface, and other land cover types in Java, eastern Sumatra, and the eastern, southern, and northwestern sections of Kalimantan, where the elevation is less than 200 m. Given these results, land cover producers should take heed of the classification accuracy of these areas; (c) the absolute accuracy evaluation demonstrated that the GLC_FCS30-2015 product has the highest overall accuracy (65.59%), followed by the overall accuracy of the GlobeLand30-2010 product (61.65%), while the FROM_GLC2015 exhibits the lowest overall accuracy (57.71%). The mapping accuracy of the three products is higher for forests and artificial surfaces. The cropland mapping accuracy of the GLC_FCS30-2015 product is higher than those of the other two products. The mapping accuracy of all products is low for grassland, shrubland, bareland, and wetland. The classification accuracy of these land cover types requires further improvement and cannot be used directly by land cover users when conducting relevant research in tropical rainforest climate zones, since the utilization of these products could lead to serious errors.
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Puspitasari, Novi, Djoko Santoso Abi Suroso, and Saut Aritua Hasiholan Sagala. "Identifying Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation Efforts for Children into the West Java Development Planning." Indonesian Journal of Planning and Development 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijpd.2.2.62-73.
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West Java is an Indonesian Province which has a high risk of climate change impacts particularly in terms of increased exposure from many natural disasters. A natural disaster occurs frequently in the West Java Province, making the region vulnerable due to the biggest population in Indonesia it belongs to. Children are the most vulnerable population facing climate change impact because their physiological condition is not fully developed yet. They have a low adaptation ability towards the predicted changes. Therefore, mainstreaming climate change adaptation for children into development planning is important. It is also critical in order to induce more effective adaptation program. This paper analyzes how far the current development plan in the West Java Province reckons child adaptation mainstreaming to climate change. Data collection methods used in this research are the secondary method through the related development plan and the primary method through an in-depth interview to the related government institutions. Based on the analysis results using a content analysis, the region has a potential entry point to mainstream the adaptation of climate change into the development plan, involving seven government institutions. The opportunity of entry point from the West Java development plan is found in Badan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup Daerah/BPLHD (the Regional Environmental Management Agency) work plan. However, among these institutions, it is only BPLHD and the Health Department which almost fulfill all of the institutional capacity components to mainstreaming the adaptation of climate change for children into the West Java development planning. Therefore, both institutions are potentially recommended acting for initiators to induce coordination between the seven government institutions to mainstream the adaptation of climate change for children into the West Java development planning.
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Sutapa, I. W., A. Yassir, and W. Andita. "The Effect of Climate Change on Rain Characteristics in the Mepanga Watershed." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 930, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012039.
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Abstract Climate change has brought changes to the characteristics of the rain, wherein the rainy season duration is short; however, the dry season is getting longer. This study aims to detect the climate change presence or absence, identify the relationship of climate change to the nature of rainfall, and the relationship of climate change to rainy, humid and dry months. This research was conducted in the Mepanga Watershed, Parigi Moutong Regency, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Makesens method is used for climate change detection. The rainfall characteristics use standard deviation statistical methods; furthermore, the Oldman method is used for dry, humid, and wet months. The data used is rainfall data for 30 years (1990-2019) from Kayu Agung Station. The results show that there has been a climate change in the Mepanga watershed. Marked by a Z ≠ zero value, where there is a positive trend (Z> 0) and a negative trend (Z <0). The increase in rainfall and conversely indicates the positive trend; otherwise, a decrease in rainfall indicates a negative trend. There is an effect of climate change on the nature of rain, wet, humid and dry months but not significant.
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Taufik, Muh. "ANALISIS TREN IKLIM DAN KETERSEDIAAN AIR TANAH DI PALEMBANG, SUMATRA SELATANCLIMATE AND SOIL WATER TRENDS ANALYSIS FOR PALEMBANG REGION, SOUTH SUMATRA." Jurnal Agromet Indonesia 24, no. 1 (June 19, 2010): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j.agromet.24.1.42-49.
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Long-term climate trend is being one of greatest research interests amongst climate scientists around the world to see whether climate change occurs or not at local, regional or global scale. However, only a few studies are available that discusses trend of climate extreme in equatorial climate, Indonesia. This paper tries to analyze climate trend and its impact to water availability in Palembang region using daily rainfall and air temperature data for the year of 1984-2009. Trend analysis was performed using Mann-Kendall test at α equal to 5%. We found that daily air temperature indicated that the rise of maximum, average, and minimum temperatures has occurred with statistically significant changes during the observation period. However, daily temperature range did not significantly change. We didn’t find any significant change for rainfall predictors except the number of rainfall event that significantly showed a decrease trend. With a simple water balance, we calculated monthly soil water content indicating that its’ decline was statistically significant (α=5%). With these findings, we have not made a conclusion whether climate change occurred or not yet, until influence of local effect such as urban heat island clearly explained.Long-term climate trend is being one of greatest research interests amongst climate scientists around the world to see whether climate change occurs or not at local, regional or global scale. However, only a few studies are available that discusses trend of climate extreme in equatorial climate, Indonesia. This paper tries to analyze climate trend and its impact to water availability in Palembang region using daily rainfall and air temperature data for the year of 1984-2009. Trend analysis was performed using Mann-Kendall test at α equal to 5%. We found that daily air temperature indicated that the rise of maximum, average, and minimum temperatures has occurred with statistically significant changes during the observation period. However, daily temperature range did not significantly change. We didn't find any significant change for rainfall predictors except the number of rainfall event that significantly showed a decrease trend. With a simple water balance, we calculated monthly soil water content indicating that its' decline was statistically significant (α=5%). With these findings, we have not made a conclusion whether climate change occurred or not yet, until influence of local effect such as urban heat island clearly explained.
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Faisal, Muhamad, Mohammad Syamsul Maarif, Idqan Fahmi, and Budi Yulianto. "Business Environment Turbulence and Industrial Connections Instruments as Determinants of Firm Performance Mediated by an Industrial Connections Climate." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 26, 2022): 12150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912150.
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The year 2022 was characterized by several major events that occurred after the COVID-19 pandemic, which devastated business sectors in Indonesia and the rest of the world. The current business environment is experiencing accelerated turbulence characterized by an increasing intensity of business competition, rapid changes in the market, and a changing industrial connections climate. The industrial connection climate of an institution can be measured by the pattern of relationships that occur between workers and management. Industrial connections are fundamental to the sustainability of an organization and are understood as an important factor in influencing institutional performance. This research aims to look at the impact of industrial connections instruments and turbulence in a business environment on the industrial connections climate. In addition, whether the industrial connections climate relates to firm performance was also explored. The research design is inferential and quantitative, and sampling and snowball sampling methods, with a total sample of 406, were used. The data collected were analyzed using a Structural Equation Model using LISREL version 8.70. This research used a survey to build an SEM model that tests the effect of organizational turbulence and industrial connections instruments on organizational climate directly and tested mediation of organizational performance. This research shows that an industrial connections climate has a positive effect on business turbulence and industrial connections instruments. However, industrial connections instruments have a greater impact on the industrial connections climate. This is because industrial connections instruments are the media used in the implementation of industrial connections in organizations. This research also confirms that an industrial connections climate is positively related to organizational performance. The result of the indirect influence (IE) means that the industrial connections climate is able to mediate the influence of industrial connections instruments on organizational performance.
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Suhermat, Mamat, Muhammad Dimyati, S. Supriatna, and M. Martono. "Impact of Climate Change on Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll-a Concentration in South Sukabumi Waters." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 19, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.19.2.393-398.
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Indonesia territorial waters are very vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Research about the variations of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration in the southern waters of Java has been undertaken by several researchers. However, the research is still in the scope of regional scale south of Java. This research was conducted to determine the impact of climate change on sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration in Sukabumi waters. The data used consisted of IOD index anomalies, sea surface temperature and monthly chlorophyll-a concentrations from December 2002 to November 2020. Descriptive analysis was used to determine seasonal and inter-annual variability and linear regression method was used to analyze trends in changes in sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration. The results showed that the seasonal variation was influenced by the monsoon, while the interannual variation was influenced by the Indian Ocean Dipole. Climate change causes SST and chlorophyll-a concentrations to increase. In the 2003-2020 time period, SPL increased by 0.08 °C and an increase in chlorophyll-a concentration by 0.03 mg/ m3. ABSTRAKPerairan selatan Sukabumi yang berhadapan langsung dengan samudera Hindia sangat rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Penelitian mengenai variasi suhu permukaan laut dan konsentrasi klorofil-a di perairan selatan Jawa sudah dilakukan oleh beberapa peneliti sebelumnya. Namun penelitian tersebut masih dalam lingkup skala regional selatan Jawa. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dampak perubahan iklim terhadap suhu permukaan laut dan konsentrasi klorofil-a di Perairan selatan Sukabumi. Data-data yang digunakan terdiri dari indeks IOD, suhu permukaan laut dan konsentrasi klorofil-a bulanan periode Desember 2002 hingga November 2020. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskripsi dan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi musiman suhu permukaan laut dan konsentrasi klorofil-a di perairan ini dipengaruhi oleh monsun, sedangkan variasi antar tahunan dipengaruhi oleh Indian Ocean Dipole. Perubahan iklim menyebabkan suhu permukaan laut dan konsentrasi klorofil-a mengalami kenaikan. Dalam periode waktu 2003-2020 suhu permukaan laut mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0,08°C dan kenaikan konsentrasi klorofil-a sebesar 0,03 mg/m3.
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Dilla, Tasya Nurlaila, Suharyo Hadisaputro, and Aris Santjaka. "In vivo study of the antihypertensive effect of bidara leaf (Ziziphus spina-christi) during pregnancy." MEDISAINS 19, no. 2 (September 6, 2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/medisains.v19i2.11431.
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Background: Bidara is drought tolerant and very easy to grow in tropical climates such as Indonesia. Bidara contains a combination of calcium, potassium, and magnesium, and active flavonoid compounds, and antioxidant activity that play a role in inhibiting free radical damage, improving endothelial function so that it can potentially lower blood pressure. Previous studies explained that a dose variant of no more than 300mg/kg BW is beneficial while minimizing pathological changes. However, there has been no research related to the effect of bidara leaf in lowering blood pressure, so it is necessary to do related research.Objective: Analyze the effect of bidara leaf extract at a 200 mg/kg BW dose and 300 mg/kg BW on systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Methods: 24 pregnant female Wistar rats induced hypertension, aged 6-8 weeks with a weight of 130-230 grams. The rats were randomized so that they consisted of 2 control groups and two experimental groups, which were given various doses of bidara leaf for nine days. Blood pressure was measured using non-invasive CODA.Results: The blood pressure of rats in the bidara leaf extract group at doses of 200mg/kg BW and 300mg/kg BW decreased systolic and diastolic compared to the control group (p<0.05). The 200mg/kg BW dose group experienced a decrease in blood pressure of 12.3% for systolic and 16.32% for diastolic; the 300mg/kg BW dose group experienced a decrease in blood pressure of 19.99% for systolic and 27.73% for diastolic.Conclusion: Bidara leaf extract can reduce the blood pressure of pregnant rats with hypertension.
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R., AZIZAH, SANTI MARTINI SANTI MARTINI, LILIS SULISTYORINI LILIS SULISTYORINI, MAHMUDAH MAHMUDAH, ADITYA SUKMA PAWITRA, DIDIK BUDIJANTO, STEFANNY SURYA NAGARI, CENDANA FITRAHANJANI, FAIRUZ HANIYAH RAMADHANI, and MOHD TALIB LATIF. "Association between Climatic Conditions, Population Density and COVID-19 in Indonesia." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 879–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5003-28.
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The first emergence of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) confirmed cases found in Wuhan, China, has become a global crisis. At least 177 countries have been affected over 43,000,000 confirmed cases of corona positive and more than one million deaths until October 27th, 2020. Recent research has analyzed any possible factors causing the COVID-19 spreads were climate factors and population density. Indonesia was a tropical region known as the high-populated country in the World, with a 52.9% area with a high mean air temperature and over 267.7 million populations. Our study aims to analyze the correlation between climate, population density, and COVID-19 in Indonesia. We used the K-means cluster method and Fisher’s exact test to determine climatic conditions, population density, and COVID-19 clusters and study the correlation. Our research found that there is a correlation between climatic conditions and population density with COVID-19 (p: 0,034; p:0,004). Warmer climate conditions and densely populated regions contributed to the risen COVID-19 transmission in Indonesia. These are highlighted by the evidence of the top six provinces with highest COVID-19 cases are province classified in warmer climatic conditions (high air temperature, low rainfall, and humidity) and a fairly-dense to densely populated region.
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Mulyasari, Gita, Agung Trisusilo, Nola Windirah, Ira Nurhayati Djarot, and Agusta Samodra Putra. "Assessing Perceptions and Adaptation Responses to Climate Change among Small-Scale Fishery on the Northern Coastal of Bengkulu, Indonesia." Scientific World Journal 2023 (January 17, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8770267.
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Small-scale fisheries are facing significant challenges from climate change. Fishers feel the impact of climate change, which forces them to adapt. We, therefore, analyzed local climatic changes, fishers’ perceptions regarding climate change and its impacts, adaptation responses, and determinants. Three decades of meteorological data were analyzed (1985–2020). A total of 300 fishermen were selected using quota sampling and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the descriptive and binary logit regression models to explain the determinants of adaptation responses. The findings indicate that fishers’ perceptions of climatic changes align with historical climatic data. Typologies of adaptation responses used in the study showed that time fishing adjustment was the most widely used adaptation option by fishermen. For this reason, fishermen are very active in looking for information about climate change to help them find the right time to go to sea and reduce the risk of climate change. Analysis using the binary logit regression model showed that fishing income, boat power, and climate change perceptions were the significant ( p < 0.1 ) factors significantly influencing adaptation responses. Therefore, to strengthen the adaptation responses in small-scale fisheries, fishers’ perceptions should be considered.
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Bryson, Reid A. "Civilization and Rapid Climatic Change." Environmental Conservation 15, no. 1 (1988): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290002840x.
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Research over the past century has shown that the rates and magnitudes of climatic change constitute a continuum. Changes have now been identified in the climatic record that range in duration from interannual through decades and centuries to the multi-millennial time-scale. Examples range from the drought years of the 1930 and 1970 decades to the ponderous comings and goings of the ice-ages. More recently it has become clear that some changes can be quite rapid. In recent decades great progress has been made in identifying the causes of climatic variation.The present understanding of the causes of climatic change emphasizes continental drift (or ‘plate tectonics’) at the million-years' scale, with pulses of plate movement producing significant bursts of volcanic activity that may act on the millennial or century scale. At the multi-millennial scale there is growing agreement that the variations in irradiance of the Earth, resulting from slow changes in the Sun-Earth geometry (the so-called Milankovitch variations), exercise the operative control on the timing of ice-ages and interglacials. At the decadal and interannual scales there is less agreement; but there is at least a body of research which suggests that significant volcanic activity is a contributing factor. There is considerable agreement—but little direct evidence—that anthropogenic causes such as increased carbon dioxide and other Man-made or-enhanced trace gases in the atmosphere, will be important in the coming decades.Cultural responses might be expected to differ across this continuum. To assess the expected response to a climatic variation, one must know at least the shape of the response surface.There is probably a critical threshold combination of climatic change magnitude and duration. Human cultures seem to be adapted to frequently-occurring short ‘aberrations’ from the expected climate. Some evidence indicates, on the other hand, that relatively small changes of climates (of the order of a century in duration) have been associated over the past 8,000 years with cultural changes that proved large enough to lead to different names being assigned in perhaps half of the cultural termini identified. A climate model which includes the effect of volcanic aerosols, suggests that most of the climatic changes associated with these globally synchronous cultural termini are related to peaks of volcanic activity. Some apparently catastrophic events have been recognized in this connection.There remains the problem of assessing, in realistic terms, the impact of large-magnitude climatic variations on modern human societies. Of particular concern is the effect of climatic events associated with very large-scale short-term insertions of aerosols into the atmosphere. It is likely that non-equilibrium models of the atmosphere, with specified sea-surface temperatures, would give realistic results if refined to the degree that they could replicate events of lesser magnitude which have occurred in the past century. At present there appear to be no models in which the formulation of the radiative effect of aerosols or gases gives a good match with observed radiative effects. It seems that much more research, including field experiments, will be needed if science is to supply reliable advice to society on the nature of coming climatic changes.
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CARR, M. K. V. "THE WATER RELATIONS AND IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS OF AVOCADO (Persea americana Mill.): A REVIEW." Experimental Agriculture 49, no. 2 (January 9, 2013): 256–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479712001317.
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SUMMARYThe results of research on the water relations and irrigation need of avocado are collated and reviewed in an attempt to link fundamental studies on crop physiology to irrigation practices. Background information is given on the centre of origin (Mexico and Central America) and the three distinct ecological areas where avocados are grown commercially: (1) Cool, semi-arid climates with winter-dominant rainfall (e.g. Southern California, Chile, Israel); (2) Humid, subtropical climates with summer-dominant rainfall (e.g. eastern Australia, Mexico, South Africa); and (3) Tropical or semi-tropical climates also with summer-dominant rainfall (e.g. Brazil, Florida and Indonesia). Most of the research reported has been done in Australia, California, Israel and South Africa. There are three ecological races that are given varietal status within the species: Persea americana var. drymifolia (Mexican race), P. americana var. guatemalensis (Guatemalan race) and P. americana var. americana (Antillean, West Indian or Lowland race). Interracial crossing has taken place. This paper summarises the effects of water deficits on the development processes of the crop and then reviews plant–water relations, crop water requirements, water productivity and irrigation systems. Shoot growth in mature trees is synchronised into flushes. Flower initiation occurs in the autumn, with flowering in late winter and spring. Flowers form on the ends of the branches. A large heavily flowering tree may have over a million flowers, but only produce 200–300 fruits. Fruit load adjustment occurs by shedding during the first three to four weeks after fruit set and again in early summer. Water deficits during critical stages of fruit ontogeny have been linked to fruit disorders such as ring-neck. Reproductive growth is very resistant to water stress (compared with vegetative growth). Avocado is conventionally considered to be shallow rooted, although roots extend to depths greater than 1.5 m. The majority of feeder roots are found in the top 0.60 m of soil and root extension can continue throughout the year. Leaves develop a waxy cuticle on both surfaces, which is interrupted by stomata on the abaxial surface (350–510 mm−2), many of which are blocked by wax. Stomata are also present on the sepals and petals at low densities (and on young fruit). During flowering, the canopy surface area available for water loss is considerably increased. Stomatal closure is an early indicator of water stress, which together with associated changes in leaf anatomy, restricts CO2 diffusion. There have only been a few attempts to measure the actual water use of avocado trees. In Mediterranean-type climates, peak rates of water use (in summer) appear to be between 3 and 5 mm d−1. For mature trees, the crop coefficient (Kc) is usually within the range 0.4–0.6. The best estimate of water productivity is between 1 and 2 kg fruit m−3. Soil flooding and the resultant reduction in oxygen level can damage roots even in the absence of root rot. Avocado is particularly sensitive to salinity, notably that caused by chloride ions. Rootstocks vary in their sensitivity. Both drip and under-tree microsprinklers have been/are successfully used to irrigate avocado trees. Mulching of young trees is a recommended water conservation measure and has other benefits. A large proportion of the research reviewed has been published in the ‘grey’ literature as conference papers and annual reports. Sometimes, this is at the expense of reporting the science on which the recommendations are based in peer-reviewed papers. The pressures on irrigators to improve water productivity are considered.
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Ardi, Ryan Dwi Wahyu, Aswan, Khoiril Anwar Maryunani, Eko Yulianto, Purna Sulastya Putra, Septriono Hari Nugroho, and Istiana. "Last Deglaciation—Holocene Australian-Indonesian Monsoon Rainfall Changes Off Southwest Sumba, Indonesia." Atmosphere 11, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090932.
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Previous studies suggested the multi-millennial scale changes of Australian-Indonesian monsoon (AIM) rainfall, but little is known about their mechanism. Here, AIM rainfall changes since the Last Deglaciation (~18 ka BP) are inferred from geochemical elemental ratios (terrigenous input) and palynological proxies (pollen and spores). Pollen and spores indicate drier Last Deglaciation (before ~11 ka BP) and wetter Holocene climates (after ~11 ka BP). Terrigenous input proxies infer three drier periods (i.e., before ~17, ~15–13.5, and 7–3 ka BP) and three wetter periods (i.e., ~17–15, ~13.5–7, and after ~3 ka BP) which represent the Australian-Indonesian summer monsoon (AISM) rainfall changes. Pollen and spores were highly responsive to temperature changes and showed less sensitivity to rainfall changes due to their wider source area, indicating their incompatibility as rainfall proxy. During the Last Deglaciation, AISM rainfall responded to high latitude climatic events related to the latitudinal shifts of the austral summer ITCZ. Sea level rise, solar activity, and orbitally-induced insolation were most likely the primary driver of AISM rainfall changes during the Holocene, but the driving mechanisms behind the latitudinal shifts of the austral summer ITCZ during this period are not yet understood.
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L, Shuldan. "IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONS IN CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS." Architectural Studies 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/as2021.01.087.
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The global climate system shows signs of rapid changes called a Climatic Transition in specialized literature. The article has studied climate trends in territorial (global, macro-climatic, meso-climatic, and micro-climatic) and time limits (historical overview; current state; long-term, medium-term, and short-term prospects). The most probable medium-term forecasts until 2050 have been taken as a basis. The climate data analysis for the previous 60 years has been carried out and continued by our research with linear averaging of data for 2009-2020, the dynamics of main parameters changes on the territory of Ukraine and for Lviv city have been determined. The main requirements for architectural solutions in various climatic conditions have been formulated. Correlation analysis of energy efficiency improvements in architecture and current external micro-climatic conditions has been performed. It has been proposed to make appropriate changes to the regulatory documents.
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Georgieva, Veska, Valentin Kazandjiev, Violeta Bozhanova, Galina Mihova, Dafinka Ivanova, Elena Todorovska, Zlatina Uhr, Mima Ilchovska, Dimitar Sotirov, and Petia Malasheva. "Climatic Changes—A Challenge for the Bulgarian Farmers." Agriculture 12, no. 12 (December 6, 2022): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122090.
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Serious economic damages in many regions of the world were caused by the changes in agroclimatic resources during the last 2–3 decades. The Balkan Peninsula is much affected by the temperatures rising, changes in the distribution of precipitation, and the increasing frequency of extreme events—basically, droughts and frosts. Bulgarian agriculture is developed under various agrometeorological conditions. The climate of the country is characterized by the atmosphere and soil moisture deficit in the time of active crop vegetation and yield formation. The aim of this research is to assess the changes in agrometeorological conditions for the growth of the main grain crops and the possibilities for reaction through agro-technologies. Furthermore, the features of contemporary varieties and hybrids of spring and autumn cereals will be taken into account. The next important factor is the specific requirements for hydro-thermal conditions at different phenological phases of agricultural crop development, i.e., sums of the temperatures and precipitations. Agro-technologies react to tendencies in changing agrometeorological conditions. For the adaptation of agro-technologies, the maximum use of natural agroclimatic resources should be included in activities for overcoming unfavorable conditions, as well as the increased frequency of extreme events. A detailed assessment of the agrometeorological conditions is necessary to choose the suitable agro-technology activity. The analysis of the main meteorological elements—temperatures, precipitations, air humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation for thirty years (1986–2015) was used to assess the changes in agrometeorological conditions on agricultural lands in Bulgaria. Appropriate agro-technical activities for growing the main grain crops are proposed in accordance with the observed changes.
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Syarhan, Mohamad. "SOCIO-CULTURAL AND LEGAL CHANGES IN INDONESIA." Jurnal Hukum Progresif 9, no. 2 (October 30, 2021): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jhp.9.2.135-145.
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In terms of its form, the law can be in the form of written law and can also be unwritten law. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of socio-cultural aspects on legal changes in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research. The results of the study show that talking about legal culture is the same as talking about public legal awareness. These two things are an inseparable unit, because they are closely related to the implementation of law in society. Thus, legal culture and legal awareness are two things that can be developed properly in an integrated manner so that the legal reforms implemented can be accepted by the community as behavioral guidelines that must be followed.
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Hermon, Dedi. "Impacts of land cover change on climate trend in Padang Indonesia." Indonesian Journal of Geography 46, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.5783.
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ἀe purpose of this study was to analyze the trend of climate change through changes in the elements of Green House Gases (GHGs), includes the trend of CO2, N2O, and CH4. ἀe change of the extreme rainfall and temperature indices due to land cover change into developed area in Padang. IdentiḀcation and analysis trends of climate change and extreme climatic events were analyzed by using RclimDex the Expert Team for Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDMI) technique. Where as the analysis and interpretation of land cover changes into developed area used Landsat TM 5 and Landsat 1985 7 ETM + of 2011 by ERDAS 9.2 GIS with the supervised classiḀcation method and GIS Matrix. ἀe results of the study provide informations of land cover changes into developed area at forest land (11,758.9 ha), shrub (3,337.3 ha), rice Ḁelds (5,977.1 ha), and garden (5,872.4 ha). It has an implication on increasing of the ele-ments of GHGs concentration such as CO2 (14,1 ppm), N2O (5,4 ppb) and CH4 (24,8 ppb). ἀis condition lead to an extreme temperature and presipitation indexs trends in Padang.
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Gordov, E., A. Shiklomanov, I. Okladnikov, A. Prusevich, and A. Titov. "Development of Distributed Research Center for analysis of regional climatic and environmental changes." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 48 (November 2016): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/48/1/012033.
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Morozova, S. V., K. E. Denisov, E. A. Polyanskaya, S. I. Pryakhina, E. I. Ormeli, and N. K. Kononova. "Research of synoptic processes in the south-east of the Russian plain during different climatic periods." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1040, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1040/1/012010.
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Abstract This article examines the annual and seasonal (winter and summer) changes in the frequency of occurrence of the main types of synoptic processes in the Lower Volga region in two natural climatic periods of the state of the earth climatic system - the stabilization period and the second wave of global warming. The frequency of occurrence of some types of synoptic processes revealed both climatic and seasonal differences. In the second wave of global warming, in comparison with the stabilization period, the frequency of cyclone impact on the Lower Volga region developed on the Arctic front and the number of Arctic anticyclones increase, and the frequency of polar-front cyclones and cases of the impact of the western periphery of the winter Asian anticyclone decreases. Seasonal differences in the frequency of occurrence were revealed in the Arctic anticyclones. During the second wave of global warming, these anticyclones penetrate into the Lower Volga region in summer more often than in winter. It is concluded that the contribution of the transformation factor to the observed warming increases and the role of summer seasons in the observed climatic changes increases, which is not typical for processes in the earth climatic system. It is indicated that obtained result is of great climatological significance and will serve the further development of the physical theory of climate.
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Keča, Nenad, Ioannis Koufakis, Jana Dietershagen, Justyna A. Nowakowska, and Tomasz Oszako. "European oak decline phenomenon in relation to climatic changes." Folia Forestalia Polonica 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ffp-2016-0019.
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Abstract The complex phenomenon of decline in European oak is currently triggered by changing climatic conditions and their consequences like heavy rains, local floods and pest development. Especially, pathogens from Phytophthora genus profit from soil saturation with water. They are alien invasive species, which attack and severely damage fine roots. In drought conditions occurring in the subsequent year, many oaks die as they encounter problem with water uptake. Additionally, insect defoliators followed by oak mildew infections accelerate the level of tree mortality. Secondary insects, butt and root pathogens are usually the final cause of death of many oaks. More research is needed in the direction to determine (i) measurable factors (e.g. chlorophyll florescence) that can indicate that the process of tree decline has already started, (ii) the correlation between the root decay and the crown symptoms (scanners, software), (iii) which combination of stressors stimulate the best development of pathogens that lead to the high plant mortality and (iv) the difference between the mortality caused by the native and the invasive Phytophthora species.
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Soon, Willie, Sallie Baliunas, Craig Idso, Sherwood Idso, and David R. Legates. "Reconstructing Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past 1000 Years: A Reappraisal." Energy & Environment 14, no. 2-3 (May 2003): 233–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830503765184619.
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The 1000-year climatic and environmental history of the Earth contained in various proxy records is examined. As indicators, the proxies duly represent or record aspects of local climate. Questions on the relevance and validity of the locality paradigm for climatological research become sharper as studies of climatic changes on timescales of 50–100 years or longer are pursued. This is because thermal and dynamical constraints imposed by local geography become increasingly important as the air-sea-land interaction and coupling timescales increase. Because the nature of the various proxy climate indicators are so different, the results cannot be combined into a simple hemispheric or global quantitative composite. However, considered as an ensemble of individual observations, an assemblage of the local representations of climate establishes the reality of both the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Warm Period as climatic anomalies with world-wide imprints, extending earlier results by Bryson et al. (1963), Lamb (1965), and numerous other research efforts. Furthermore, these individual proxies are used to determine whether the 20th century is the warmest century of the 2nd Millennium at a variety of globally dispersed locations. Many records reveal that the 20th century is likely not the warmest nor a uniquely extreme climatic period of the last millennium, although it is clear that human activity has significantly impacted some local environments.
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Milivojevic, Mihailo. "The age of geothermal waters of Serbia as an indicator of climatic changes." Annales g?ologiques de la Peninsule balkanique, no. 64 (2002): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gabp0264233m.
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Climatic changes influence on surface water resources directly and in that way, more or less, more quickly or more slowly, by means of waterfalls, the quantity and quality of ground waters or hydrogeological resources, namely their sustenation. The conclusion about the influence of climatic changes on ground waters can be drawn on the basis of isotope research (2H, 14C) by means of which their origin and age are determined most reliably. Present investigation results of the origin and age of ground water resources at the most famous hydrogeothermal regions, as well as the sustenance forecast of their quality and reserves depending on still existing and future climatic changes will be shown in this paper.
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Prasetyo, Eko, Singgih Utomo, Ahdiar Fikri Maulana, Ridla Arifriana, and Puji Lestari. "Current Distribution of a Luxurious Wood Species, Diospyros spp. with Its Climatic Information, based on Global Biodiversity Website." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 10, no. 2 (May 17, 2022): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl.v10i2.576.
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Ebony (Diospyros spp.) is a fancy wood distributed in eastern Indonesia. D. celebica Bakh, D. lolin Bakh, D. pilosanthera Blanco, D. ebenum Koenig, D. ferrea (Wild.) Bakh and D. rumphii Bakh are categorized as “Fancy Wood Class I” in the Indonesian market. These woods are an important product with the highest tax compared to other grades. This study aimed to identify the distribution of six ebonies based on data global biodiversity web service (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) and their climatic condition based on global climate data (WorldClim). Data from the web service, species occurrence, and climatic conditions were processed using QGIS. Species occurrence data was then extracted using GBIF occurrence. Furthermore, species occurrence data was then overlaid with climate data using point sampling tools. The results found that three ebonies scattered in the tropics and three others (D. celebica Bakh, D. rumphii Bakh, D. lolin Bakh) mostly occurred in Indonesia. Annual rainfall and temperature conditions ranged from 1,722 – 4,013 mm and 23.4 – 27.2°C for the three species of ebony in Indonesia. The distribution and climatic conditions of ebony are the initial information for further research, such as the species distribution model related to climate change and the genetic conservation agenda. Keywords: ebony, global data, occurrence data, precipitation, temperature
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Skrobala, V. M., V. V. Popovych, P. V. Bosak, and T. I. Shuplat. "Prediction of changes in the vegetation cover of Ukraine due to climate warming." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 4 (August 30, 2022): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2022-4/096.
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Purpose. To study ecological regularities of the formation of vegetation cover in Ukraine depending on the climatic conditions and analyze its possible changes due to global warming. Methodology. The research methodology involves the following: differentiation of the climatic conditions and evaluation of the significance of climatic indices at the level of territorial units of a geobotanical zoning based on variance analysis; multiple ordering of the geographic locations in terms of climatic indices basing on the analysis of main components (Principle Component Analysis); development of a typological scheme of the vegetation cover relying upon a discriminant analysis; statistic processing of the climatic parameters. Findings. Modelling of spatial differentiation of climatic indices depending on the location latitude and longitude as well as altitude above the sea level helped analyze the connection of vegetation cover and climate. It has been determined that peculiarities of the vegetation cover formation according to a scheme of geobotanical zoning is characterized in the most accurate way by the difference of such climatic indices as: air temperature in January, July, and August; monthly precipitation amounts during June-September; duration of a frost-free period; and hydrothermal coefficient of T.G. Selianinov. The main regularity of the formation of Ukrainian vegetation cover has been defined. The regularity means the following structure of interrelation between the climatic indices: along with the growing average monthly temperatures of June-September and decreasing precipitation amounts from April to September, the indices of climatic water availability decrease along with the increasing heat availability indices (duration of an active vegetation period and total of temperatures per that period, average annual temperature). This regularity represents a gradient of climatic indices from the Ukrainian Carpathians towards the southern Crimean coast. It has been determined that during some years of the early 21st century, the conditions peculiar for a steppe area were formed for the forest and forest steppe areas. Originality. The vegetation cover of Ukraine is characterized by the ecological range, which is evaluated basing on ordering of the geographical locations in terms of coverage of complex climatic environmental gradients. A typological scheme of the Ukrainian vegetation cover can be represented in a two-dimensional space in the form of square parabola, whose left branch shows a gradient of climatic factors and changes in vegetation cover from the west to the north-east and right branch indicates it from the north-east to the south. Graphic visualization of climatic information on the basis of ecograms and typological schemes of vegetation cover can be used to predict the vegetation cover dynamics due to certain climatic changes. Practical value. While understanding the climatic conditions of geographic locations during certain periods of time, one can identify their location in the ecological and coenotic range of Ukrainian vegetation and predict their stability and possible changes in the vegetation cover due to global warming.
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Alekseev, Valery I. "Investigation of the consistency of changes in the wavelet phase characteristics of heliocosmic and climate variables and changes in the components of the world water balance. Part 1." Yugra State University Bulletin 18, no. 3 (October 8, 2022): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18822/byusu202203121-136.
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The relevance of research is due to the need to establish the true causes and patterns of changes in the hydrometric characteristics of the world water balance, which determine the global climate on Earth.
The purpose of research: to establish the patterns and causes of changes in the world water balance variables on Earth: the availability of ground and groundwater, river flows on continents, on land, components of the World Ocean water balance in anomalies, changes in the atmospheric regime, the level of lakes, the Caspian Sea, mountain glaciers, clouds and other natural environments, given in the form of time series, due to changes in heliocosmic and climatic factors under the influence of the barycentric movements of the Sun, which determine the climate on Earth.
The objects of research: time series of heliocosmic and global climate variables, hydrometric components of the world water balance.
The methods of research: a method developed by the author for the interaction of observations of a variable or variables with groups of given heliocosmic and climatic factors in the frequency and time domains, obtained using wavelet transforms with the calculation of phase-frequency and phase-time characteristics of observations in equal time intervals; comparative analysis of changes in the obtained phase characteristics of groups of variables with the calculation of their consistency matrices and plotting in the frequency and time domains.
Results: two groups of variables are involved in cyclic climate change on Earth, hydrometric characteristics of the world water balance, natural environments: heliocosmic (barycentric motions of the Sun, solar activity, long-term solar insolation, volcanic eruptions and greenhouse gases, ozone concentration in the ionosphere, elements of the Earth's orbit, geomagnetic field, magnetic field of the Sun) and global temperature climatic variables due to changes in heliocosmic factors, the leading of which is the barycentric motion of the Sun. By analyzing the wavelet phase-frequency and phase-time characteristics of the group of hydrometric characteristics of the world water balance, heliocosmic and climatic variables in the phase-frequency and phase-time domains, the dependences of changes in the hydrometric characteristics of the world water balance by changes in heliocosmic and climatic variables in the phase-frequency and phase- temporary areas. These dependencies are presented in two figures with many graphs and two correlation matrices. They characterize the variability of the components of the world water balance by changes in heliocosmic and climatic variables in two areas in the observed time interval and are reflections of changes in the self-organizing climate system. In changes in the phase-time characteristics of groups of factors, lattice structures of differently and unidirectional changes in variables are observed, which characterize the cyclical nature of climate changes on Earth.