Journal articles on the topic 'Climatic changes – Psychological aspects'
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Dowsley, Martha, Shari Gearheard, Noor Johnson, and Jocelyn Inksetter. "Should we turn the tent? Inuit women and climate change." Études/Inuit/Studies 34, no. 1 (January 25, 2011): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/045409ar.
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Abstract Most of the climate change literature for Arctic Canada in the social sciences has focused on men’s knowledge and experiences. Drawing on research from Qikiqtarjuaq and Clyde River, Nunavut, we explore Inuit women’s perspectives on recent environmental changes, many of which are often attributed to climate change by Inuit or others. We divide issues resulting from environmental change into primary and secondary effects. Primary effects are changes in environmental features that affect, for example, hunting, fishing, and travelling. Secondary effects occur in the community as a result of environmental change. These include changes in the use and condition of country products like seal skins, and the psychological and social impact of environmental changes, such as going out on the land less often due to fear of dangerous conditions. We also offer a preliminary discussion on women’s role in responses to climate change, through their often dominant economic and political roles in their communities, the territory, and various wider global governance fora. Our research indicates that gender helps shape Inuit knowledge of environmental change, as well as social responses to perceptions of change. By examining women’s perceptions of environmental change, we draw attention to the social aspects and also highlight how women can contribute to adaptation, not only to physical changes but also to the resulting social changes.
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Ivanova, E. G., and E. V. Makarova. "Assessment of the quality of life of respondents working on a rotational basis in the Far North (on the example of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — Ugra)." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 2 (July 3, 2021): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2021-2-66-75.
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Introduction. Currently, one of the directions in medicine is the study of the issue of the quality of life of patients. This indicator is a complex characteristic in terms of the physical and psychological component of health. The state of health is influenced by many factors and one of them is the peculiarities of the climatogeographic region where a person lives. The conditions of the Far North are characterized by extreme climatic and industrial conditions. In such areas, a rotational method is used, which assumes distance from the permanent place of residence. Thus, the influence of the climatic conditions of the Far North on the quality of life of respondents working on a rotational basis determines the relevance of this study, which was carried out in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — UGRA (KhMAO — Ugra).The aim of the research was to study the quality of life of respondents working on a rotational basis in the Far North.Materials and methods. Only men took part in this study — 207 people working in the conditions of the Far North (KhMAO — Ugra) on a rotational basis. All respondents were divided into four age groups: group 1 — 24–28 years old (n=36); group 2 — 29–34 years old (n=63); group 3 — 35–38 years old (n=78); group 4 — 39–45 years old (n=30). The duration of follow-up ranged from 1 to 3 months. A simple survey of all respondents was used to obtain information. In order to study the quality of life (QL) of those working in the Far North on a rotational basis, the MOS SF-36 questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis was performed using the STATGRAPHICS 12 Plus for Windows software in accordance with the general principles of QOL research in medicine.Results. With a long stay in the Far North, a restructuring of the adaptive mechanisms is noted, which goesthrough several stages: initially, minor physiological changes are noted that do not lead to serious changes in the body systems. The second stage is characterized by stable working capacity, but already there is a decrease in health indicators on all scales of the SF-36 questionnaire. The third stage or period of uncompensated fatigue is characterized by a significant decrease in psychological and physical indicators. Conclusion. Unfavorable from the point of view of the medico-biological aspect in the work on a rotational basis in the Far North is the coincidence of the period of work with the phase of the greatest adaptation falling on the first month of stay in the North.
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Hebib, Emina, and Vesna Zunic-Pavlovic. "School climate and school culture: A framework for creating school as a safe and stimulating environment for learning and development." Zbornik Instituta za pedagoska istrazivanja 50, no. 1 (2018): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zipi1801113h.
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School, as an educational institution, represents an important context for the development of children and young people. It is therefore necessary to shape it as a safe and stimulating environment for student learning and development. This paper offers a definition of the concept of school as a safe and stimulating environment for student learning and development, based on a review of academic and scholarly papers from a variety of disciplines and areas of practice. The content and meaning of the concept of school safety have been considered from the physical and psychological aspects, while the concept of school as a stimulating learning environment has been specified in terms of four dimensions - the physical, psychological, social and cognitive school environment. It is pointed out that these concepts and the phenomena they denote tend to be interpreted and analysed as the components or dimensions of broader concepts, namely, school climate and school culture. One section of the paper is therefore devoted to explaining these concepts, as well as considering their interrelationship and the importance of creating a positive and stimulating school climate and culture for institutional practice. The conclusion further emphasises that creating school as a safe and stimulating environment for student learning and development, as well as creating positive and supportive school climate and culture, is an extremely complex process that entails changes in the content and structure of the school institution as a whole.
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Marinica, I., and ANDREEA FLORIANA MARINICĂ. "CLIMATIC ASPECTS OF THE SUMMER OF 2017 IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATIC CHANGES." Risks and Catastrophes Journal 22, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/rcj2018_5.
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Berg, Stig. "Aspects of Psychological Aging and Technology." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 1, no. 1 (January 1985): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300003779.
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Aging is generally regarded as a reduction of physical, psychological, and social resources. This reduction is due to two processes that operate simultaneously during the life of an individual. One of these processes is the basic biological changes which take place within the individual and are probably programmed by genetic factors. The other is change due to environmental factors, such as air pollution, noise, poor working conditions, and eating habits, social and psychological factors such as attitudes and norms, and technological factors which can enhance adaptation or cause a decline in social or psychological resources. According to present knowledge, biological age changes are irreversible. However, it should be possible to reverse the environmental changes either through short-term interventions among individuals and the community, or by long-term interventions in the society.
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Herasymenko, Larysa O. "POSTNATAL PERIOD PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 2 (2019): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201902124.
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The result of labour is not only the birth of a child but also the formation of a mother, woman who has got to know motherhood. Moreover there is a radical change in the social status of the couple as a whole. It turns into a mother and father. The consequence of this is a change in attitude towards yourself and others, that is, the transformation of the personality. This explains why during pregnancy and delivery the risk of family problems worsening rises sharply and somatic and neuropsychic disorders emerge. The aim of the work is to describe and systematically outline the main psychological and psychiatric aspects of the postnatal period in the life of a woman and a child. Changes occur in the life of a woman, and the possible to diagnose the manifestations of disharmonious development in a timely manner, to prevent and help to solve them constructively. The information is presented taking into account both historical aspects and the state of the issue in modern society.
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Vėželytė, Ramunė. "COMMUNION BETWEEN NATURE AND CHILD: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Natural Science Education in a Comprehensive School (NSECS) 21, no. 1 (April 10, 2015): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu/15.21.80.
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Intentionally acquired knowledge and perception, experience and actions taken to understand the phenomena and processes of nature and its laws help the child to understand the most important changes of the world as well as the harmony of the human being and nature itself. Education in the ecology and preservation of the environment depends on the common actions, goals and values of the community the child lives in. Preschooler’s involvement into life of nature influences his/her individual changes, shapes world view, settles the way of thinking and shows the path of true life. Key words: knowledge about nature, communion between human being and nature, changes of individual.
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Swensen, Clifford H. "Psychological Aspects of Life Support." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 24, no. 2 (March 1992): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/j827-8yfm-aamg-guk3.
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Psychologists have done little research on the psychological aspects of life support. Research in other areas of psychology has produced results applicable to the life support situation, however. The results of directly and indirectly applicable research indicate that both patients and their intimates suffer less psychological distress if those who have a close positive relationship with the patient maintain emotional closeness to the patient and participate in making decisions concerning life support. Decisions to end treatment are difficult because ending treatment changes the social structure and identity of the survivors. Death is less stressful if the death comes at the right time of life, and the process of dying is neither too long nor too short. People feel less distress if they have appropriate information concerning the situation and have some control.
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Andreeva, G. F., and V. M. Gorbunov. "Basic Aspects of Seasonal Cardiovascular Mortality." Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology 17, no. 1 (March 3, 2021): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2021-02-01.
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The review demonstrates the main aspects of seasonal cardiovascular mortality. Climatic factors, including seasonal weather changes, have a significant impact on the biosphere. People are also characterized by the seasonal dynamics of the activity of many organs and systems, biochemical parameters, and mortality. Cardiovascular mortality is also characterized by seasonal fluctuations: in winter it is maximum, in summer it is minimal. The same patterns are characteristic of mortality from cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias, etc.). The article presents the basic patterns of seasonal cardiovascular mortality in various climatic zones, the cardiovascular mortality of countries located in the equatorial and subequatorial climatic region. In addition, the mortality displacement phenomenon, the paradox of winter mortality. The main trends in changes in cardiovascular mortality over a long period of time are demonstrated. The paper discusses some of the mechanisms that underlie the dynamics of cardiovascular mortality during the year: seasonal fluctuations in the level of vitamin D, lipids in the blood plasma, changes in hemodynamic parameters, the effects of microbial and viral infections in the cold season, etc. In addition, data on seasonal the dynamics of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is considered: an increase in body weight, a physical activity decrease, a change in the nutrition structure in the winter, the seasonal dynamics of depression, anxiety, hostility, the relationship of seasonal cardiovascular mortality with socio-economic, demographic and other factors. In conclusion, the main ways of development and prevention of seasonal CV cardiovascular mortality M, taking into account modern technologies at the international level, for state health departments, for specific patients, are demonstrated.
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Marcus, Esther-Lee, and A. Mark Clarfield. "Rembrandt's Late Self-Portraits: Psychological and Medical Aspects." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 55, no. 1 (July 2002): 25–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/8lq5-cc7w-ujdf-tnm0.
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The Dutch painter Rembrandt (1606–1669) left behind the largest series of self-portraits in the history of art. These paintings were produced over a period of time from age 22 years until just a few months before Rembrandt's death at age 63. This series gives us a unique opportunity to explore the development, maturity, and aging of the artist. The changes in Rembrandt's face and expression from one self-portrait to the next may be attributable to any combination of the following factors: normal aging changes, modifications and developments of his artistic style, alterations in the way he viewed himself, and changes in the way Rembrandt wanted us to see him. In addition, the modifications may be attributed in part to some illnesses from which the artist may have suffered and/or to a decline in his eyesight that may have influenced both his ability to detect details and his ability to paint.
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Absalyamova, Larysa. "THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BEING READY TO DIETARY BEHAVIOR’S CHANGES." Psychological journal 7, no. 17 (August 2, 2018): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2018.7.17.7.
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Gardner, Freda V., and G. D. Angelini. "Psychological aspects of congenital heart disease." Cardiology in the Young 5, no. 4 (October 1995): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100002754.
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AbstractOutcome following the treatment of congenital heart disease continues to improve and interest has focused on reducing morbidity as well as mortality. One important aspect of this is the psychological effect of congenital heart disease and its treatment on both children and their parents. This review addresses the extent and nature of the psychological morbidity associated with this disease, in particular the impact of the diagnosis on the management of patient and family. The etiology of the high level of psychosocial morbidity remains poorly understood. Data from the 1960s concerned with pre-school and school-age children is now of little value given the dramatic changes in the treatment of congenital heart disease, which is now predominantly in the neonatal period. While theory from developmental and pediatric psychology may be usefully applied to this area, further research is required to define effective psychological care for patients and their families.
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Bús, Imre. "Philosophical, Aesthetic, Psychological and Pedagogical Aspects." Acta Educationis Generalis 9, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/atd-2019-0009.
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AbstractIntroduction: Computers and the applications of today’s high technology can simulate reality so realistically that virtuality has become part of both children’s and adults’ lifestyles (Nagy & Kölcsey, 2017; Szécsi, 2012). However, it did not emerge with the computer applications, but with human thinking and part of that, the virtual conception of the world. In addition to social changes this development can be observed on individuals as well.Purpose: This study shows the development of virtuality through the examples of cultural, philosophical, aesthetic, then the psychological and pedagogical development of the individual with the help of some important studies.Methods: This study presents the social and individual development of virtuality throughout theoretical analysis of the research results.Conclusion: Virtuality has already an important role in the technological and economic sphere and its impact on social innovations, individual and social life can be felt as well. Virtuality-research, its application and improvement contribute to experience a more complete reality and to the improvement of human life quality.
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Druzhilov, Sergey A. "CONTEMPORARY INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN ECOLOGY: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Hygiene and sanitation 97, no. 7 (July 15, 2018): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-7-597-603.
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Introduction. The information environment of the society as an integral part of a human habitat is a factor of his health and must comply with safety requirements. As a result of the development of communication technologies on the basis of computer devices and the Internet, there have been significant changes in the information environment of the society and its impact on people. The study of the negative impact of the contemporary information environment on a human cannot be limited to physical and psychophysiological factors. A semantic component of the information itself is significant. Information environment has a negative impact on the cognitive and emotional sphere of his psyche. The object of information influence is the personality. The objective of the paper is to study the formation of the contemporary information and communication environment of the society, the trends in its development, to define its main components and psychological peculiarities. Material and methods. The method of investigation is a comparative analysis of the views of various authors and their theoretical generalization. Results. Based on the analysis of publications, a current understanding of the information and communication environment of the society is presented. The formation of the information environment is connected with the development of technologies and tools for fixing, preserving and transferring social experience. Six stages of the development of the means of the information transferring and preservation in the society are selected. Global informatization of the environment leads to the changes in people’s lives and activities. The picture of the human world, his worldview, his way of life are exposed to the effects of the information traffic. The risk factor is the deterioration of the human adaptation to new conditions. The changes within the individual do not keep up with the rapid changes in technology. Conclusion. In the context of the new information and communication reality the importance of the problems of human ecology was shown to increase. The information environment of a society as an object of the study can be considered in the following aspects: a) as a human habitat; b) as a means of information human activities; c) as a system of communications, including interpersonal ones; d) as an information infrastructure that provides storage, access and use of information arrays.
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Arif, Hania, Bushra Talib, Muhammad Shahzad, Syed Amer Mehmood, HAfsa Batool, Kashif Naeem, Saira Batool, Jawad Nasir, and Muhammad Shafiq. "Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use / Land Cover in Swat, Pakistan Using Supervised Classification in Remote Sensing: 2000 to 2015." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 11, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.vol11.iss2.2020.450.
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Changes in land use and land cover affect the social, economic and natural aspects of any area. Mostly land use and land cover (LULC) changes are the result of population growth and human activities in the form of urban agglomerations and industrialization etc. Physical factors like soil structure and type, slope condition, topography are main aspects. Land use change defines the historical pattern that how people used that specific land which depends on the availability of resources and economic conditions. LULC changes may trigger the detrimental effects like increase in natural hazard events and changes in climatic patterns. Climatic pattern directly affects the precipitation, groundwater recharge, the amount of evapotranspiration and runoff generation. On regional and local scale, LULC change is a far-reaching issue because environment and climate condition depend on it
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Aleshchenko, V. "Psychological aspects of the information war." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 2(50) (2022): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2022.50.27-31.
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The article has analyzed views of domestic and foreign authors on the essence and content of the concepts of "information warfare", "psychological war" and "information-psychological war" as components of a hybrid war. Within the psychological paradigm, information warfare is understood as the latent impact of information on individual, group and mass consciousness through methods of propaganda, misinformation, manipulation to form new views on the socio-political organization of society through changes in values and basic attitudes. The concept of "world psychological warfare", various theoretical approaches, tools of information and theoretical approach are considered. The tools of the information warfare against Ukraine are propaganda; manipulation; attempts to change public opinion; psychological and psychotropic pressure; spreading rumors, blocking TV and radio broadcasts; removal of Ukrainian channels in the occupied territories; disinformation and distribution of fake news; distribution of fake information. The defining features of the concepts of "information warfare" and "psychological war" are that information warfare is conducted mostly in cyberspace, while psychological – in social space. The organizational differences of the information influence of the Russian Federation in the basic training of law enforcement specialists are investigated. The main directions of work, forms of information warfare activities which were carried out by the Russian party are characterized. The main psychological challenges of modern information wars are shown. The psychological challenges caused by the war are identified, which are conditionally divided into the following four groups: challenges to Ukrainians as a community; challenges to the mental health of the individual; challenges to psychological well-being; challenges to Ukrainian psychologists as a professional community. In the course of the study, recommendations for confrontation in the information warfare were formed. The main necessary measures to counteract the information aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine are suggested.
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Glittenberg, JoAnn. "Socioeconomic and Psychological Aspects of Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 4, no. 1 (September 1989): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00038498.
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Recovery and reconstruction following major sociocultural upheavals, such as natural disasters and war, result in multiple changes. In addition to loss of life and property, social structures and ways of life are temporarily and sometimes permanently altered. Sources of change are both from within due to loss and damage as well as from the outside through new ideas, relief, and economic aid. Some aspects of change may be viewed positively, as a society measures the benefits, while still other aspects may be worthless or detrimental to the survival of the group.Because of the magnitude of the 1976 Guatemalan Earthquake, as well as the unprecedented outpouring of disaster relief and reconstruction aid, a longitudinal study funded by National Science Foundation was begun in 1977 (18 months after the event) and extended through 1982 (in selected areas). Chiefly because of financial expense, most research studies of disasters are limited to short-term follow-up studies of several weeks to a year after the traumatic event. However, many scientists have urged the importance of doing longitudinal studies (1–3). This study had as an overall goal, the study of the process of recovery over a five year period post-Earthquake. A quasiexperimental design was used to compare the recovery process in 19 experimental and 7 control sites. The overall guiding research question was: Does a catastrophy or social upheaval stimulate the recovery of the society so that the level of living post-disaster is higher than the pre-disaster state? Level of Living was operationalized to include housing conditions, cost of living, as well as quality of life measures. The results of a specific portion of the 1976 Guatemalan Earthquake Study (as it is popularly called), the urban resettlements, is presented in this paper.
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Lundberg, Ante. "Psychiatric Aspects of Air Pollution." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 114, no. 2 (February 1996): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989670172-9.
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Psychological and toxic effects of air pollution can lead to psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety and changes in mood, cognition, and behavior. Increased levels of some air pollutants are accompanied by an increase in psychiatric admissions and emergency calls and, in some studies, by changes in behavior and a reduction in psychological well-being. Numerous toxic pollutants interfere with the development and adult functioning of the nervous system. Manifestations are often insidious or delayed, but they can provide a more sensitive indicator of toxic effects than cancer rates or mortality data. Other medical effects of air pollution, such as asthma, can indirectly affect psychological health. The sick building syndrome and multiple chemical sensitivity are conditions with toxicologic and psychiatric aspects. Psychosocial stress can cause symptoms similar to those of organic mental disorders. Reactions to stress depend on cultural, individual, and situational variables. We must understand these factors to be able to alleviate and prevent the consequences of environmental trauma. Expanded research is recommended in three main areas: (1) how people perceive and cope with environmental health risks, (2) the effects of air pollution on behavior and neuropsychological functioning, and (3) neurotoxicologic evaluation of air pollutants with both behavioral and in Vitro Studies.
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Murray, John B. "Psychophysiological Aspects of Motion Sickness." Perceptual and Motor Skills 85, no. 3_suppl (December 1997): 1163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.85.3f.1163.
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Motion sickness may occur during travel by sea, automobile, airplane, and space. Susceptibility changes with age and may be influenced by psychological factors. Susceptibility can be reduced in most people by medications that involve histamine or neurotransmitters acetylcholine and noradrenaline, and influence the vestibular system.
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Kunhikkandy, Ashkar Ali. "Insight to Psychological Aspects of Cancer." BJPsych Open 8, S1 (June 2022): S56—S57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.206.
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AimsThe baseline of this study 1)What is the type of psychiatric disturbances in oncology settings?2)Is there any importance in cancer education?3)How to manage psychiatric disturbances?MethodsAs of lockdown concerning COVID-19, this study is conducted online among 20 cancer patients. This is a cross-sectional study where Each patient has explained the purpose of the study, procedures, and consent was taken from patients then a questionnaire was given, and this was assessed. Among the profile of the study population, 50% were males and 50% were females of the total study population, 60% were married and 40% were unmarried, Participants were aged between 22 and 63 years. The study population also consists of 20% are breast cancer, 25% lung cancer,10% lung cancer, and the rest are other types of cancers. Patient details are collected from the Facebook groups for cancer patients. Assessment has 2 parts, one is based on CES-D Test where each individual was each patient answered 20 question and next part is based on 5 questions regarding Financial Depression, Behavioral changes, Feelings, Education about cancer and Psychiatric support.ResultsIt is found that 60% population are normal, 25% had mild Depression, 10% have moderate Depression followed by 5% with severe depression.Among associations between marital status and various disorders, it was found that psychological disturbances are 2 times fold more in married people while compared to unmarried. There is also an association between treatment modalities are observed, in that anxiety is prevalent with people who had chemotherapy. Based on education and financial status, those who are with less education about cancer and less financially stable have also prominent disturbances.ConclusionThe study was based on other research study related to the spectrum of psychological disturbance based on treatment stage, financial status, awareness of cancer among patients, and role of marital status among individuals Offering mental health services to patients with cancer is becoming an integral part of oncologic treatments because psychological problems harm cancer management. The most common psychiatric disorders in cancer patients are depression, anxiety disorders, and adjustment disorders. Psychiatrists should be involved in the multidisciplinary treatment team that works with cancer patients. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of different psychological and psychopharmacological interventions in psycho-oncology and palliative medicine
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Yagubov, M. I., E. A. Starostina, N. V. Dobaeva, and M. A. Ichmelyan. "Gender Incongruence: clinical, psychological and therapeutic aspects." Medical Herald of the South of Russia 13, no. 3 (July 11, 2022): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-21-31.
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Recently, the issues of violations of gender identity are becoming more relevant and discussed, the number of patients with a request for a sex change is increasing. The complexity of this issue requires clinicians to be competent in helping transgender people, as they sometimes face many obstacles in the way of receiving care in medical institutions: the lack of specialists in the regions, a clear algorithm for helping transgender people, discrimination, stigmatization, and financial difficulties. At the same time, there are more and more foreign studies devoted to "detransition", i.e. "reverse" gender reassignment, which may indicate existing problems in the diagnosis of these conditions and methods of providing medical care to patients with gender identity disorders. The most difficult issues when working with patients experiencing gender dysphoria, in addition to identifying the true causes of gender identity disorders, are the preservation of fertility after gender-affirmative interventions, possible regrets after operations, and the provision of medical care to minors. Changes in the classification of gender disorders, including the exclusion of transsexualism from the class of mental disorders, creates the basis for discussions about the clinical, psychopathological and phenomenological features of these conditions. The scientific review provides information on the clinical and psychological aspects of gender identity disorders, as well as on therapeutic interventions for individuals with this pathology, using a multidisciplinary approach. Certain stages of the provision of medical and social assistance are described to reduce risks and more successful, professional assistance to persons with a gender incongruence.
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Kalov, Ruslan Kh, Khazhbara M. Kalov, and Lara A. Kesheva. "Environmental Aspects of Natural and Climatic Changes in the Elbrus Region (Kabardino-Balkar Republic)." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 1063–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.1063.
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Ecological problems, exogenous processes and phenomena in conditions of climate warming in the Elbrus region (the North Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkar Republic) are reviewed in this article. Increase of average-annual values of temperature and amount of precipitation within the period of 1961-2017 and sub-period of intensive warming of 1976-2017, acceleration of dynamics of glaciers recession in Elbrus, activation of exogenous processes in the Elbrus region are established on the basis of the meteorological data analysis (temperature and precipitation) and monitoring of glaciers degradation.
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Efremova, Nadezhda, and Anastasia Huseynova. "Psychological and pedagogical aspects of increasing educational motivation." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 15015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017515015.
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Given scientific research is devoted to the consideration of factors influencing educational (learning) motivation. One such factor is the assessment of academic achievements. The difficulties of obtaining an objective assessment in educational practice are noted and possible ways to overcome them are shown, including through external (independent) standardized testing. Authentic assessment requires special training and the creation of an appropriate base, this problem can be solved in the form of organizational and methodological support of teachers by external professional centers providing assessment in the form of an educational audit. The data of external testing and subsequent questionnaires are presented, allowing to judge about changes in the educational motivation of school students in the assessment process. The need to identify the progress of individual achievements in the educational process requires the development and introduction of new assessment forms that create the confidence of students in assessments and affect educationalmotivation.
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Sollie, Martin. "Management of gynecomastia—changes in psychological aspects after surgery—a systematic review." Gland Surgery 7, S1 (August 2018): S70—S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/gs.2018.03.09.
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Sidorov, P. I., A. G. Solovyov, and I. A. Novikova. "Social and psychological aspects of life quality of diabetics." Problems of Endocrinology 48, no. 1 (February 15, 2002): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl11417.
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In order to evaluate the inner picture of the disease and the changes in socio-psychological sphere under the effect of endocrinological disease, 120 diabetics were interviewed using a special questionnaire including 85 questions on different aspects of patient’s life. The results showed pronounced emotional and personal problems in all socially significant spheres, which deteriorated the quality of life. A distorted picture of the disease with fixation on "escape into disease" was characteristic of the majority of respondents. The detection of patient’s emotions concerning their suffering and revelation of the inner picture of disease in diabetics are aimed at evaluation of the adaptive potential, value motivation system, and defense mechanisms for development of more adequate psychotherapeutic approaches.
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Soon, Willie, Sallie Baliunas, Craig Idso, Sherwood Idso, and David R. Legates. "Reconstructing Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past 1000 Years: A Reappraisal." Energy & Environment 14, no. 2-3 (May 2003): 233–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830503765184619.
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The 1000-year climatic and environmental history of the Earth contained in various proxy records is examined. As indicators, the proxies duly represent or record aspects of local climate. Questions on the relevance and validity of the locality paradigm for climatological research become sharper as studies of climatic changes on timescales of 50–100 years or longer are pursued. This is because thermal and dynamical constraints imposed by local geography become increasingly important as the air-sea-land interaction and coupling timescales increase. Because the nature of the various proxy climate indicators are so different, the results cannot be combined into a simple hemispheric or global quantitative composite. However, considered as an ensemble of individual observations, an assemblage of the local representations of climate establishes the reality of both the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Warm Period as climatic anomalies with world-wide imprints, extending earlier results by Bryson et al. (1963), Lamb (1965), and numerous other research efforts. Furthermore, these individual proxies are used to determine whether the 20th century is the warmest century of the 2nd Millennium at a variety of globally dispersed locations. Many records reveal that the 20th century is likely not the warmest nor a uniquely extreme climatic period of the last millennium, although it is clear that human activity has significantly impacted some local environments.
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Witkowski, Stanisław A., and Bogna Bartosz. "Psychological and organisational aspects of age management in organisations." Management 21, no. 1 (May 24, 2017): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/manment-2015-0081.
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Summary In article we present selected issues of age management in organizations. They pointed to the lack of rationale for the discriminatory policies of some companies to employees aged 50+. Attention of managers was paid to the problem of age management in organizations, conditioned by an increase in the number of employees 50+. In Poland, currently there are employed approx. 31% of workers in this group (64 years old). While in EU countries the employment rate for workers aged fifty years and older more than 50%. The article discusses the specifics of the development processes and changes in the phase of middle and late adulthood, characterizing the population of employees and pointing to the “strengths” of the group. Age management in the context of both pathology and positive practices was presented. Referring to the data the benefits of age management were indicated.
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Zdebski, Janusz. "Ethnic Tourism From a Psychological Perspective." Studies in Sport Humanities 28 (May 19, 2021): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8909.
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In the article ethnic tourism is presented as a dynamic, multi-generational, social phenomenon undergoing transformation along with changes in the surrounding reality. Emotional threads of the journey to the „old homeland” were emphasized, however, the increasingly stronger cognitive aspects in the journeys of the generations born and raised abroad to the country of their parents or grandparents were indicated.
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Igbal, Mohammed Rasheed, Ubaadah Bin Iqbaal, Rohit Kishore, and Royford Bundi Magiri. "The Effects of Climate Change on Animal Production in Fiji." Journal of Agricultural Science 14, no. 3 (February 15, 2022): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v14n3p191.
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Climate change is a great impact on Fiji’s ecosystem including animal (livestock and marine) and crop production from past decades and still possesses a large effect on their economy as well. These climatic events include flooding, rise in ambient temperature, rise in the sea level, droughts, tropical cyclones, and all others that bring large changes to the environmental system. These large changes adversely affect animal production and its economy in Fiji. Not only this, individuals that are linked to animal production are also affected through climatic conditions such as loss of income and livestock species that die out during cyclones and other aspects. Not only the terrestrial species but the marine organisms are also affected since climatic changes bring alterations to their feeding period and the mating time leading to a vast decrease in organisms’ health, quality, and population. Consequently, the Fijian government and other Pacific organizations have brought strategies like adaptation plans to implement in animal production sectors. These plans and methods will help farmers in stimulating their farming systems and adapting to climatic changes and hence, this will lead to increased productivity and economy. The aim and objective of this review are to define and elaborate the climatic change effects on livestock and marine production in Fiji and effective solutions adapted by Fiji and other Pacific governments to refrain from adverse climate conditions.
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Modlinska, Klaudia, and Wojciech Pisula. "Selected Psychological Aspects of Meat Consumption—A Short Review." Nutrients 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2018): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091301.
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Eating meat is deeply entrenched in Western culture. It is often associated with wealth and a highly nutritional diet; and for many people it is also an established habit that is difficult to change. The second half of the 20th century was a period of rapid growth in meat consumption, which resulted in intensified meat production. At the same time, eating meat has recently become subject to criticism for health-related, environmental or humanitarian reasons. This review aims to signal the potential consequences of a change of diet or switching to diets that are rich/poor in certain ingredients on the functioning of the hormonal and nervous system, which translates into changes in mood and behavior. This paper discusses the psychological phenomena which underlie the difficulty of changing one’s food preferences and problems encountered while adding new products to the daily diet. Finally, this study summarizes the limitations of modifying eating habits that have resulted from established attitudes and habits.
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Ayer, Lynsay, Brinda Venkatesh, Robert Stewart, Daniel Mandel, Bradley Stein, and Michael Schoenbaum. "Psychological Aspects of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict: A Systematic Review." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 18, no. 3 (October 27, 2015): 322–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838015613774.
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Despite ongoing local and international peace efforts, the Jews, Arabs, and other residents of Israel and the Palestinian territories (i.e., the West Bank and Gaza) have endured decades of political, social, and physical upheaval, with periodic eruptions of violence. It has been theorized that the psychological impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict extends beyond the bounds of psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Exposure to the ongoing conflict may lead to changes in the way Israelis and Palestinians think, feel, and act; while these changes may not meet the thresholds of PTSD or depression, they nonetheless could have a strong public health impact. It is unclear whether existing studies have found associations between exposure to the conflict and nonclinical psychological outcomes. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize the empirical research on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and its psychological consequences. As a whole, the body of literature we reviewed suggests that exposure to regional political conflict and violence may have detrimental effects on psychological well-being and that these effects likely extend beyond the psychiatric disorders and symptoms most commonly studied. We found evidence that exposure to the conflict informs not only the way Israelis and Palestinians think, feel, and act but also their attitudes toward different religious and ethnic groups and their degree of support for peace or war. We also found that Palestinians may be at particularly high risk of experiencing psychological distress as a result of the conflict, though more research is needed to determine the extent to which this is due to socioeconomic stress. Our review suggests the need for more studies on the nonclinical psychological aspects of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict as well as for longitudinal studies on the impact of the conflict on both Israelis and Palestinians.
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Silva, Ivamauro Ailton de Sousa, Dirce Maria Antunes Suertegaray, and Juliana Ramalho Barros. "ENTRE CHAPADAS E MALHADAS: TRANSFORMAÇÕES DA PAISAGEM E A EXPANSÃO AGRICOLA EM GILBUES, PIAUI." GEOgraphia 21, no. 45 (June 7, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/geographia2019.v21i45.a14288.
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: Em Gilbués, os cerrados caracterizam-se por extensos chapadões de topografia plana, que facilita a expansão da agricultura mecanizada. Já em outras regiões existem áreas conhecidas como malhadas e grotas, que apresentam intensos processos erosivos causados pelas características climáticas e morfopedológicas. O objetivo, nesse estudo, é analisar a dinâmica da cobertura e uso das terras, enfatizando os aspectos da paisagem, o processo de apropriação, as transformações socioambientais, os arranjos socioeconômicos e sua articulação com as terras erodidas no município de Gilbués, sudoeste do Estado do Piauí. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, foram necessárias quatro etapas distintas e complementares: revisão bibliográfica, trabalhos de campo, construção e análise de gráficos, compilação de mapas temáticos construídos a partir de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento. Como resultados, o artigo, elucida a ocorrência de intensos processos erosivos na região centro-sul de Gilbués e no setor norte expansão da agricultura mecanizada em áreas de cerrado. A análise temporal realizada em 1987 e 2009, indicou mudanças na dinâmica da cobertura e uso das terras, como, por exemplo, a expansão agrícola em áreas de cerrado denso que ocasionou a subtração da cobertura vegetal na região norte, o aumento da produtividade, a ampliação de áreas de solo exposto que resultam em feições erosivas do tipo badland. A pesquisa permitiu compreender as trajetórias e dinâmicas socioeconômicas e suas influências nas transformações da paisagem, e também avaliar a importância das configurações naturais que favoreceram a implementação de atividades agrícolas.Palavras-chave: Cerrado. Chapadas. Malhadas. Expansão agrícola. Gilbués. ”BETWEEN PLATEAUS AND BADLANDS”: LANDSCAPE TRANSFORMATION AND AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION AT GILBUÉS-PIAUÍAbstract: At Gilbués, cerrados are characterized by an extensive flat topography, which facilitates the expansion of mechanized agriculture. Other regions present areas known as badlands, which undergo intense erosive processes caused by climatic and morpho-psychological characteristics. The objective herein is to analyze land cover and use dynamics, emphasizing landscape aspects, the appropriation process, social and environmental transformations and socioeconomic arrangements, as well as their articulation with eroded lands in the municipality of Gilbués, southwestern Piauí. Four distinct and complementary steps were necessary for the development of this study: a bibliographical review, field work, graph construction and analysis and the compilation of thematic maps built using remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques. As results, the study elucidates the occurrence of intense erosive processes in south-central Gilbués and the expansion of mechanized agriculture in cerrado areas in the northern sector. The temporal analysis carried out in 1987 and 2009 indicates changes in land cover and use dynamics, such as the agricultural expansion in dense cerrado areas, leading to vegetation cover removal in the northern region and increased productivity of exposed soil, resulting in erosive badland-type features. This study allowed for an understanding of socioeconomic trajectories and dynamics and their influence on landscape transformations, as well as an evaluation of the importance of the natural configurations that favored the implementation of agricultural activities.Keywords: Cerrados; Plateau. Badlands. Agricultural expansion. Gilbués. “ENTRE ALTIPLANOS Y MALHADAS”: TRANSFORMACIONES DEL PAISAJE Y LA EXPANSIÓN AGRÍCOLA EN GILBUÉS-PIAUÍResumen: En Gilbués, los cerrados se caracterizan por extensos altiplanos, lo que facilita la expansión de la agricultura mecanizada. En otras regiones, existen áreas conocidas como malhadas y cuevas, que presentan intensos procesos erosivos causados por las características climáticas y morfopedológicas. El objetivo es analizar la dinámica de la cobertura y del uso de las tierras, enfatizando los aspectos del paisaje, el proceso de apropiación, las transformaciones socioambientales, los arreglos socioeconómicos y su articulación con las tierras erosionadas en el municipio de Gilbués, suroeste del estado de Piauí. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo fueron necesarias cuatro etapas distintas y complementarias: revisión bibliográfica; trabajos de campo; construcción y análisis de gráficos; y la compilación de mapas temáticos, construidos a partir de técnicas de teledetección y geoprocesamiento. Como resultado, este artículo elucida la ocurrencia de intensos procesos erosivos en la región centro-sur de Gilbués y la expansión de la agricultura mecanizada en áreas de cerrado en su región norte. El análisis temporal realizado en 1987 y 2009 indicó cambios en la dinámica de la cobertura y en el uso de las tierras, como, por ejemplo, la expansión agrícola en áreas de cerrado denso, lo que ocasionó la sustracción de la cobertura vegetal en la región norte, el aumento de la productividad y la ampliación de áreas de suelo expuesto, resultando en formaciones erosivas del tipo badland. La investigación permitió comprender las trayectorias y las dinámicas socioeconómicas y sus influencias en las transformaciones del paisaje, así como evaluar la importancia de las configuraciones naturales que han favorecido a la implementación de actividades agrícolas.Palabras- clave: Cerrado. Altiplanos. Malhadas. Expansión Agrícola. Gilbués.
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Molostova, A. N. "Comparative Analysis of the Processes of Group Work in Psychological Training and Psychotherapeutic Groups." Консультативная психология и психотерапия 26, no. 1 (2018): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2018260108.
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The article presents an approach to the analysis of the functioning of psychological training group and therapy group. The following aspects of the functioning of the psychological group are considered: evolution of the problematics and evolution of the relationships. Evolution of the problematics refers to the movement in the field of the content of the problems on which participants focus. Evolution of the relationships signifies the deepening of the contact between the participants in the dynamics of the group’s development. The author analyzes how the balance between these two aspects changes depending on the approach to group psychological work. Both aspects are considered in the context of the development stages of a training or therapy group. As a result, differences in the balance between the evolution of the relationships and evolution of the problematics in two types of groups are formulated. In psychological training evolution of the relationships between participants has an auxiliary value while the evolution of the problematics dominates. In group therapy evolution of the relationships is a key process that provides therapeutic changes.
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Calhoun, Lawrence G., and Richard G. Tedeschi. "Positive Aspects of Critical Life Problems: Recollections of Grief." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 20, no. 4 (June 1990): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/qdy6-6pqc-kqwv-5u7k.
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Fifty-two adults were interviewed about their bereavement, with specific focus on the ways in which the experience led to positive psychological changes in their lives. Most respondents described themselves as stronger or more competent in several ways, for example, being more mature, more independent, and better able to face other crises. A large number also reported that bereavement had led to positive experiences with their social support systems. These results are discussed in terms of their generalizability to other life crises and populations, and the degree to which they represent accurate insight and psychological health.
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Gribkova, I. V., V. N. Stepanova, and A. A. Zavyalov. "Psychological rehabilitation in pediatric oncology." Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology 19, no. 3 (October 9, 2020): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-3-151-157.
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An oncological disease affects all aspects of the life of a sick child and leaves its mark on its further development, including causing serious changes in the emotional, cognitive, personal and behavioral areas. This leads to a decrease in the quality of life, difficulties of social adaptation. Therefore, such children need psychological help. The article provides an overview of modern research on psychological rehabilitation methods. The following methods are described: sports, artistic activities, the study of foreign languages, laughter therapy, etc. Attention is paid to what methods are most effective for violations in a particular psychological field.
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Figueiredo, Letícia Marlene dos Santos, Jessica Macedo Carneiro, Regiane Cristina Silva Rego, Ana Carolina Araújo de Almeida Lins, and Crissia Roberta Pontes Cruz. "PRÉ-NATAL PSICOLÓGICO COMO UMA POSSIBILIDADE DE CUIDADO INTEGRAL À SAÚDE MATERNA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA." Psicologia e Saúde em Debate 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22289/2446-922x.v8n1a1.
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Pregnancy is a period of great transformations, with changes not only in the woman's body, but also changes in the psychological, family, and social aspects, with the possibility of developing disorders. Concerning psychic aspects, over time a little or no importance was given, considering the current biomedical model. In view of this scenario, the psychological prenatal care appears to complement the traditional prenatal care, turning even more to humanization during the process of pregnancy, childbirth and parenthood. In this sense, this study aims to analyze how psychological prenatal care can be an integral care strategy for maternal health. The methodology of this research consists of an Integrative Literature Review. The databases used were Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and Electronic Psychology Journals (PePSIC). The following descriptors were used: “psychological prenatal care”, “psychology and pregnancy” and “psychological disorders in pregnancy”. The results show the PNP (Psychological Prenatal Care) a possibility of integral care to the maternal health, as it is established as a preventive program in relation to psychological disorders resulting from the pregnancy-puerperium cycle, especially in regard to postpartum Depression, and complementary to the traditional prenatal care.
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Ozcelik, Ceyhun. "A Regional Approach for Investigation of Temporal Precipitation Changes." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 5733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105733.
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Climatic variability is one of the fundamental aspects of the climate. Our scope of knowledge of this variability is limited by unavailable long-term high-resolution spatial data. Climatic simulations indicate that warmer climate increases extreme precipitations but decreases high-frequency temperature variability. As an important climatologic variable, the precipitation is reported by the IPCC to increase in mid and high altitudes and decrease in subtropical areas. On a regional scale, such a change needs spatio-parametric justification. In this regard, a regionalization approach relying on frequency characteristics and parameters of heavy precipitation may provide better insight into temporal precipitation changes, and thus help us to understand climatic variability and extremes. This study introduces the “index precipitation method”, which aims to define hydrologic homogeneous regions throughout which the frequency distribution of monthly maximum hourly precipitations remains the same and, therefore, investigate whether there are significant temporal precipitation changes in these regions. Homogenous regions are defined based on L-moment ratios of frequency distributions via cluster analysis and considering the spatial contiguity of gauging sites via GIS. Regarding the main hydrologic characteristics of heavy precipitation, 12 indices are defined in order to investigate the existence of regional trends by means of t- and Mann–Kendall tests for determined homogenous regions with similar frequency behaviors. The case study of Japan, using hourly precipitation data on 150 gauges for 1991–2010, shows that trends that statistically exist for single-site observations should be regionally proved. Trends of heavy precipitation have region-specific properties across Japan. Homogenous regions beneficially define statistically significant trends for heavy precipitation.
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Мелёхин, А. И. "Clinical and Psychological Aspects of Chronic Urological Pelvic Pain Syndrome." Психиатрия, психотерапия и клиническая психология, no. 3 (November 8, 2021): 536–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2021.12.3.015.
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В статье на примере современных биопсихосоциальных урологических моделей показано, что синдром хронической урологической тазовой боли (СХТБ) имеет мультифакторный генез и требует интегративного, мультидисциплинарного подхода (врач-уролог, врач-невролог иклинический психолог). В связи с этим выявление индивидуальных урологических клинических фенотипов пациентов позволяет выявить предрасполагающие, провоцирующие и поддерживающие факторы, определяющие течение заболевания и ответ на терапию. Описаны фенотипические урологические системы MAPP, UPOINT и DABBEC. Детализирована специфика психической коморбидности (депрессия, паническое расстройство, пограничное личностное расстройство и др.) у данной группы урологических пациентов. Показана связь симптомов депрессии и изменений в сексуальном функционировании с СХТБ. Впервые в России описаны модели «мочевой пузырь - кишечник - мозг» Л. Карстен; накопленного стресса и фальсификации тревоги, потери контроля у пациентов с СХТБ Д. Дасалакиса и модели влияния психического состояния пациента на мышечно-тонические проявления в урологической клинике Яонга Ки Кву. Систематизированы и описаны личностные особенности пациентов с СХТБ (нейротизм, уступчивость, открытость, добросовестность, сознательность, изменения в маскулинной идентичности, алекситимия, катастрофизация). Представлена тактика проведения экспресс-оценки и полной комплексной психологической оценки урологического пациента для построения эффективного лечения. Using the example of modern biopsychosocial urological models, the article shows that thesyndrome of chronic urological pelvic pain has a multi-factorial genesis and requires an integrative,multidisciplinary approach (urologist, neurologist, and clinical psychologist). In this regard,the identification of individual urological clinical phenotypes of patients allows us to identifypredisposing, provoking and supporting factors that determine the course of the disease and theresponse to therapy. The following phenotypic urological systems are described: Marr, UPOINT, andDABBEC. The specifics of mental comorbidity (depression, panic disorder, borderline personalitydisorder, etc.) in this group of urological patients are detailed. The association of symptoms ofdepression and changes in sexual functioning with SHTB is shown. For the first time, the modelsof urinary-bladder-bowel-brain by L. Karsten are described; accumulated stress and falsification ofanxiety, loss of control in patients with urological pelvic pain by D. Dasalakis and models of theinfluence of the patient’s mental state on muscle-tonic manifestations in the urological clinic ofYaong Ki. Personal characteristics of patients with urological pelvic pain – neuroticism, compliance,openness, conscientiousness, changes in masculine identity, alexithymia, catastrophization – aresystematized and described. The tactics of conducting a full and rapid comprehensive psychologicalassessment of a urological patient is presented.
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Alekhin, A. N., N. O. Leonenko, and V. V. Kemstach. "Clinical and psychological aspects of insomnia associated with COVID-19 pandemic." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 27, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2021-27-1-83-93.
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Background. In addition to clinical, epidemiological, and political aspects, the pandemic situation has a clinical and psychological aspect, as long as the measures taken to counteract infection inevitably cause unusual living conditions for a large number of people. Stress experience is accompanied by changes in autonomic regulation and, as a result, a number of somatic shifts. Stress markers include sleep disorders, changes in appetite, gastrointestinal disorders, headaches, chest pain, dyspnea, body pain, dizziness, numbness, fluctuations in blood pressure, sleep disorders, panic attacks, depressive and suicidal tendencies.Objective. We suggested that resilience is the predictor of successful resolution of existential crisis from the point of view of maintaining mental and somatic health, as well as gaining experience of deep self-improvement, strengthening of personality and potential for coping with life difficulties. Resilience includes coping at all levels of functioning — physical, psychological, social and existential. The latter defines the perception of reality itself as a challenge of complexity that requires coping, and regulates resilience at all other levels. The indicator of sleep quality was used as an empirical criterion to evaluate coping with stress. It is both an indicator and an antistress resource for physical functioning. The hypothesis of the study was the assumption that psychological content of resilience differs in subjects with moderate severity insomnia and with no sleep disturbances during pandemic period.Design and methods. To evaluate this hypothesis during the period of self-isolation in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020), an empirical study was carried out on a randomized sample of 93 subjects using clinical and psychological scales.Results. This research resulted in the identification of differences in psychological content of resilience which reflect clinical and psychological characteristics in subjects with moderate severity insomnia and with normal sleep during the pandemic. The psychological content of resilience in respondents without sleep disturbances during the pandemic can be considered as complex and mature mechanisms of personality self regulation that allow of maintaining mental and somatic health, efficiency, ability to develop. Identified features can be used as psychotherapeutic targets in patients at different stages of exposure to stress factors.
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Guillén, Mauro, and Emilio Ontiveros. "Retos para la economía internacional en un mundo cambiante." Studies of Applied Economics 32, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/eea.v32i3.3239.
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This paper explores the most important transformations that the global economy is going through. It focuses in aspects related to technological change, demographic dynamics, macroeconomic issues, climatic challenges and developments in the distribution of income. It also analyses the implications of these changes for the new balance of power in the global economy.
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Bulgakova, S., and N. Romanchuk. "Sleep and Aging: Endocrine and Epigenetic Aspects." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 8 (August 15, 2020): 65–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/57/08.
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Along with many physiological changes during normal aging, sleep also changes. Age-related changes in sleep include: a decrease in the duration of night sleep, an increase in the frequency of falling asleep during the day, an increase in the number of night awakenings and time spent without sleep during the night, a decrease in the phase of slow sleep, etc. Most of these changes occur between the young and the middle and remain unchanged in the elderly. In addition, the circadian system and homeostatic sleep mechanisms become less stable with aging. The level and nature of the secretion of hormones acting on sleep change during normal aging, which affects the processes of sleep and wakefulness. Sleep indicators are interrelated and/or dependent on lifestyle, polymorbidity (somatic, psychological), polypharmacy, epigenetic (social, economic, environmental, etc.) factors. Increased average human life expectancy and neuroendocrine changes in physiological and pathological aging, on the one hand, epigenetic factors and electromagnetic information load/overload, on the other hand, made a significant contribution to the circadian nature of human brain neural network interaction with artificial intelligence.
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Boiko-Buzyl, Yuliia. "PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LIE DETECTION IN STUDIES USING A POLYGRAPH." PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL 7, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2021.7.3.3.
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The article analyses the psychological category of lies in the perspective of polygraph examinations, which are now popular and in demand. It is emphasized that polygraph examinations are the only tool for establishing the truth, which is built taking into account the patterns of neural connections in the human brain and involves comprehensive consideration of psychophysiological changes in an individual’s body. Testing with a lie detector is a unique instrumental technique, a complex process of special equipment depending on a polygraph examiner’s professionalism in order to establish the truth, because a polygraph is a device that detects lies, i.e. special hardware for special verification of truthfulness. In our country the use of the polygraph is indirectly regulated at the legislative level, in particular, examinations of people in general are allowed, but polygraph testing is not specified. There is still no special law determining an algorithm for polygraph using. The current regulations governing the procedure for polygraph inspections are departmental and relate to staffing. The activity of polygraph examiners in Ukraine is widespread, but in the format of services provided by public organizations. The essential content of lie detection, which is understood as a set of techniques that help determine the reliability and veracity of information, is analyzed. Because a lie means deliberate distortion of information and polygraph examinations are a type of research activity aimed at truth establishing, the concepts, functions, forms and types of lies are described. During a polygraph investigation, a lie means transmission of information that is completely or partially untrue; it means distortion (cognitive changes), untruth, insincerity (pretending), deception aimed at truth concealing or misleading. Given that the most common reasons for using a lie detector are a competition or examination of candidates for a vacant position, official investigations, forensic psychological examination or personal initiatives, the examined people mostly tries to convince, prove something, justify, etc., so the function of lies to protect interests, often their own. There are two forms of lies: silence and distortion. By default, the information is hidden, but not distorted; in the case of distortion, it is not only hidden, but also supplemented or replaced and pretended to be true. Common types of lies in polygraph research are: mystification, substitution of concepts, self-deception, lying for good, misleading, exaggeration / belittling, slander. Levels of lie recognition (psychophysiological, verbal, nonverbal) and approaches to its detection (emotional, volitional, cognitive) are determined. Emphasis is placed on the psychological aspects of lie detection when using a polygraph. Attention is paid to topical issues of lie detection with a polygraph.
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Shimamiya, Tamiyasu, Nobuyuki Terada, Yoshimitsu Hiejima, Sonoe Wakabayashi, Hirotake Kasai, and Motohiko Mohri. "Effects of 10-day confinement on the immune system and psychological aspects in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 97, no. 3 (September 2004): 920–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00043.2004.
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We investigated the changes in percentages of leukocyte subpopulations, natural killer (NK) cells, CD69-expressing lymphocytes, and psychological aspects in 10 subjects who participated in a 10-day confinement study. Suppression of lymphocyte proliferative reaction and changes in leukocyte distribution are known to occur in space. These responses are similar to those induced by psychological stress. Ground-based confinement studies are suitable for validating the effects of stress arising only due to confinement. Two groups, consisting of five male subjects (ages 20–27 yr, mean 22.8 yr) each, participated in a 10-day confinement study. Blood samples were taken once before, three times during, and once after the confinement and activated with an anti-CD2 agonistic antibody cocktail. The percentages of leukocyte subpopulations, NK (CD45+CD56+) cells, and activated lymphocytes (CD45+CD69+) were measured by flow cytometric assay. The face scale test was used to measure psychological aspects. The percentage of CD69+ lymphocytes decreased during the period of confinement. This was mostly caused by changes in the ratio between NK and non-NK lymphocytes. The face scale showed that the subjects' moods improved toward the postconfinement period. Consistent with the face scale, the percentages of innate immune cells, such as NK cells and granulocytes, increased during the postconfinement period. We concluded that the changes in the distribution of immune cells caused by stress plays an important role in suppression of proliferative reactivity. The observed physiological reactions were specific to the confined environment, and the stress caused by confinement plays a role in the immune changes observed in space.
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Markiewicz, Katarzyna. "MOUNTING RESTLESSNESS: CHANGES IN ATTITUDES TO THE COVID-19 THREAT." Acta Neuropsychologica 19, no. 3 (June 26, 2021): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0531.
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Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, many scientific papers have described the medical aspects and treatment of the virus infection and its symptoms. There are also many studies on how pandemics of this magnitude affect psychological wellbeing. Despite the spread of COVID-19, it has remained a rather abstract threat for many people in Poland. They have often expressed disbelief and negative attitudes toward social restrictions. The study aimed to investigate changes in attitudes to the COVID-19 threat in young people and the psychological repercussions of social isolation. The present study examined the changes in young people's attitudes, ones not directly affected by COVID19, over a period of a month. It comprised 41 individuals aged 21 to 60. The partic- ipants were asked to fill out a specially designed Internet questionnaire. This consisted of 5 open questions concerning their attitudes, values, feelings, reactions, and vision of the future. They were also encouraged to give their own remarks. At first, 46.6% of participants reported a feeling of discomfort, while 48.4% treated the situation as an opportunity to temporarily slow down the pace of life. However, negative moods and deterioration of mental state arose over time, and 58.7% of respondents reported discomfort in the second study. It shows that counter-arguing against information that causes discomfort and fear does not work for long. Moreover, the majority of them believed that the epidemic would result in the deterioration of their psychological wellbeing. The study revealed that psychological restlessness was almost imperceptible at first, and many participants reported a feeling of relief. Nevertheless, deterioration of mental state arose gradually, often leading to a lack of motivation, feelings of loneliness, helplessness, and, consequently, aggressive behaviors. The neuropsychological and biological aspects of long-term stress are also discussed.
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Borngräber, Friederike, and Alexander Schmidt. "Neuropsychological Aspects of Focal Dystonia in Musicians." Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie 31, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1016-264x/a000293.
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Abstract. Musician’s dystonia (MD) is a focal, task-specific neurological movement disorder that presents with loss of voluntary motor control when playing the instrument and affects up to 1–2 % of professional musicians. The current pathophysiological understanding of MD is that of a network disease, involving the sensorimotor cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum and the limbic system. Various extrinsic factors, e.g. high temporal and spatial sensorimotor constraints on the instrument or more than 10 000 hours of accumulated practice time, as well as intrinsic factors, e.g. high levels of anxiety and perfectionism, and even genetic factors have been identified to increase the risk to develop MD. From a neuropsychological point of view, two phenotypes of MD can be distinguished with high or low psychological stress, which should be taken into account to adapt the individual therapy. Treatment options for MD include medication with trihexyphenidyl, local injections of botulinum toxin A, retraining, ergonomic changes of the instrument, and in patients with high psychological stress also antidepressants and behavioral therapy.
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Sidorchuk, T., and M. Sidorchuk. "Psychological and pedagogical aspects of retraining people of pre-retirement age." Pedagogy and Psychology of Education, no. 4, 2019 (2019): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2500-297x-2019-4-149-159.
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The article considers the analysis of the main problems associated with retraining and employment of people of pre-retirement age. The organization of these processes is possible only with the development of a set of educational retraining programs and effective psychological support. Changes in the sphere of employment of older people entail not only the reform of the labor market of young professionals, but also the whole system of geront education, which should include professional, health, cognitive, psychological and personnel components. The author of the article talks about the need for a transitional period for the implementation of the Pension Reform, outlines the main structures requiring a reorientation of their work directions so that Russians, regardless of age, feel “protected” in the labor market.
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Melenko, O. V., L. M. Hryndei, and O. V. Stratii. "PSYCHOLOGICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS AGAINST CORRUPTION IN UKRAINE NOWADAYS." Actual problems of native jurisprudence 5, no. 5 (October 2021): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/392205.
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This article provides a complex analysis of corruption crimes in Ukraine. The analysis is showing that a third of corruption crimes are committed in five regions of Ukraine, and a conclusion was made about the uneven corruption environment. It was found that in the structure of corruption crimes the largest part is occupied by administrative corruption crimes. In general, the structure of administrative corruption crimes in Ukraine is homogeneous. Almost all administrative corruption crimes concern violations of financial control requirements. In other words, the vast majority of Ukrainian corrupt criminals hide or distort information about their income and foreign financial investments. In the structure of criminal corruption crimes, the largest share is occupied by offenses related to obtaining illegal benefits and abuse of official position. On the other side, in the structure of disciplinary liability for corruption crimes, the largest share is occupied by offenses related to non-compliance with the requirements of financial control, a conflict of interests, and the receipt of illegal benefits. Based on a comprehensive analysis of corruption crimes in Ukraine, a behavioral stereotype of a Ukrainian corruptor has been developed. The logical sequence of actions of the Ukrainian corruptor has six stages: one's main interest is their own benefit, which excludes the interests of the nation and society; abuses one's official position; receives illegal benefits; rapidly accumulates material goods; stores money abroad; hides and distorts information about personal income. This article systematizes the psychological characteristics of a corruptor. The psychological portrait of a corruptor is formed by specific moral and psychological traits and socio-role characteristics, such as feelings of permissiveness and influence, envy, vanity, money cult, sociability, a propensity to risk, lack of empathy, careerism, ostentatious control. Ostentatious control means a demonstration of «poker face», which hides irresponsibility, unreliability, impulsiveness, emotional instability, aggression. The article proposes a number of institutional changes aimed at reducing the corruption environment in Ukraine.
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Lytvynenko, Olena. "PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WORK WITH INTERNALLY DISPLACED FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 1 (10) (2019): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2019.1(10).15.
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The concept of complex psychological adaptation of first-year students for student life is presented. Theories of adaptability of adolescents and adolescents and the concept of their adaptation to new minds of life and activity are generalized. The results of the empirical study of the individual-psychological qualities of the freshmen, the features of their social interaction and academic motivation are described. The experience of the psychological support of the process of adaptation of students who are internally displaced to study at a university is analyzed. Their true personal and character peculiarities, ways of adapting to the situation and responding to adverse influences from the external environment are determined. The perspective circle of researches in the field of psychological support and support of internally displaced students is outlined. Adaptation to learning has been found to be a complex process of learning the norms and rules of an educational institution, forging friendships with one-groupers, and for constructive relationships with teachers; development of strategies of educational activity and initial activity. The article determines that the adaptation of internally displaced first-year students to study should come as an active tertiary adaptation of students to the higher education institutions, in the process of developing students' skills and ability to organize their understanding, and life, the system of working with professional self-education and self-education of professionally significant qualities of personality. It has been found that the process of adaptation to university education is a complex system of transformations that occur with a person in accordance with changes in the minds of existence. The beginning of a student's life is connected with numerous social changes; replacement of existing attitudes and stereotypes; stressful situations. For some students, this can lead to the substitution of a real sense of adulthood by activities such as freedom to attend classes, unsystematic homework, and so on. All of this can, over time, be transformed into a reluctance to study, attend a school, and participate in one's social life.
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Báez, Selene, Belén Fadrique, Kenneth Feeley, and Jürgen Homeier. "Changes in tree functional composition across topographic gradients and through time in a tropical montane forest." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (April 20, 2022): e0263508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263508.
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Understanding variation in tree functional traits along topographic gradients and through time provides insights into the processes that will shape community composition and determine ecosystem functioning. In montane environments, complex topography is known to affect forest structure and composition, yet its role in determining trait composition, indices on community climatic tolerances, and responses to changing environmental conditions has not been fully explored. This study investigates how functional trait composition (characterized as community-weighted moments) and community climatic indices vary for the tree community as a whole and for its separate demographic components (i.e., dying, surviving, recruiting trees) over eight years in a topographically complex tropical Andean forest in southern Ecuador. We identified a strong influence of topography on functional composition and on species’ climatic optima, such that communities at lower topographic positions were dominated by acquisitive species adapted to both warmer and wetter conditions compared to communities at upper topographic positions which were dominated by conservative cold adapted species, possibly due to differences in soil conditions and hydrology. Forest functional and climatic composition remained stable through time; and we found limited evidence for trait-based responses to environmental change among demographic groups. Our findings confirm that fine-scale environmental conditions are a critical factor structuring plant communities in tropical forests, and suggest that slow environmental warming and community-based processes may promote short-term community functional stability. This study highlights the need to explore how diverse aspects of community trait composition vary in tropical montane forests, and to further investigate thresholds of forest response to environmental change.
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Bezkorovayna, Anna O., Denys O. Nakonechnyi, and Iryna M. Bezkorovayna. "PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EXAMINATION OF OPHTHALMIC PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC RETINOPATHY." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 5 (2019): 1022–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201905213.
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Introduction: Nowadays there are a number of questionnaires with a score assessment of mental disorders. However, they are not adapted to the specific manifestations of DRP and require additional correction. The aim: To determine the criteria of necessity of psychological help for the patient with DRP. Materials and methods: 96 patients with DRP. The methods of the study were as follows: functional diagnostic examinations (visometry without correction and with optimal correction, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, optical coherent tomography of the retina and the optic disc); the assessment of mental state of patients using original and adapted tests. Results: The criteria of necessity of specialized psychological help for the patient with DRP are: level of fatigue manifestations in points is higher than 33 for patients with NPDRP, 49 with PPDRP and 56 with PDRP (according to the mean values of the total score of MFI at the corresponding stage of DRP); veracity of at least 2 statements from the additional questions and/or high values (>12) of at least 2 MFI subscales; changes in cognitive function, classified as severe or moderate. Conclusions: The integrated, modified questionnaire for patient’s mental condition assessment, based on MFI for fatigue manifestations, MMSE for cognitive impairment and the additional questions provides a reliable way to determine the criteria for specialized psychological help necessity.