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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Clients'
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Pounds, Karen Vincent. "Client nurse interactions with schizophrenic clients : a descriptive study /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2008. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3314447.
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Lin, Jingping Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Systems and Computer. "Performance analysis of client-server systems with multi-threaded clients." Ottawa, 1994.
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Hong, Soon-Duk. "Effectiveness of client education in promoting compliance among Korean elderly hypertensive clients /." Staten Island, N.Y. : [s.n.], 1990. http://library.wagner.edu/theses/nursing/1990/thesis_nur_1990_jenki_hong_effec.pdf.
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Sather, Nels. "The Effects of a Pre-Therapy Client Orientation on Clients in Psychotherapy." DigitalCommons@USU, 1987. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5970.
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The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of a pre-therapy client orientation on clients admitted to a mental health center. A secondary purpose was to develop an effective and brief audio-visual orientation that would positively influence clients in therapy. It was hypothesized that a pre-therapy orientation would significantly reduce client no shows and cancellations, increase client fee payment, increase client level of psychological functioning, and increase client satisfaction with mental health services. None of the four hypotheses was supported by the research. A questionnaire filled out by the therapists involved in the study, after the data were collected, revealed that all of the therapists oriented their clients to therapy to varying degrees. This may account, in part, for the lack of results. Implications for future research suggest investigation into the development and evaluation of training programs for individual therapists to orient their clients in the most systematic, optimal fashion. Research should also focus on the magnitude of change after a pre-therapy orientation and the development of instruments of sufficient sensitivity to detect that change.
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Almeida, Vânia Daniela Oliveira Antunes de. "Antecedents of loyalty to a brand : Apple clients vs. non-clients." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/12504.
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Mestrado em GestãoApple is undoubtedly a sui generis and remarkable brand in what concerns to its branding and brand experience, and remains an indisputable reference in the consumer electronics and computer industries. The aim of this study encompasses the development and empirical testing of two conceptual models that evaluate and allow to draw a comparison between Apple clients and non-clients’ perceptions, regarding brand experience, brand perceived value, price perceptions and brand trust; and that determine the antecedents of clients’ loyalty to the brand. Therefore, the contribution of this study to the literature relies on the research of the impact of brand experience on brand perceived value and on price perceptions, as well as the influence of price perceptions (positive and negative) on trust, satisfaction, and commitment to the brand. Two surveys were used to test each conceptual model, through a sample collected across the portuguese academic community. The findings prove the strong influence of the sensory and affective aspects of brand experience on both clients and non-clients. They also reveal that the negative role of price is neutralized in the presence of strong brand experience, and that the fact that Apple is viewed as an “expensive brand” may highlight its association to higher quality and prestige. Also, this study reinforces the important role of satisfaction and commitment in building customer loyalty, corroborating the existent literature. Managerial implications derived from the findings are also discussed.
A Apple é indubitavelmente uma marca sui generis e notável no que respeita ao branding e experiência da marca, sendo uma referência incontornável na indústria de produtos electrónicos e de computadores. Os objectivos deste estudo passam por desenvolver e testar empiricamente dois modelos conceptuais que avaliem e permitam comparar as percepções dos não-clientes e clientes da Apple, relativamente à experiência proporcionada pela marca, ao valor percebido da marca, às percepções de preço e confiança na marca; e que determinem os antecedentes da lealdade dos clientes à marca. Assim, este estudo contribui para a criação de conhecimento relativamente ao impacto da experiência da marca na percepção de valor do consumidor e nas suas percepções de preço, bem como no que diz respeito à influência das percepções de preço (positivas e negativas) na confiança, satisfação e comprometimento com a marca. Usaram-se dois questionários para testar cada um dos modelos conceptuais, através de uma amostra composta pela comunidade académica portuguesa. Os resultados obtidos comprovam a forte influência dos aspectos sensoriais e afectivos proporcionados pela experiência da marca, tanto no caso dos clientes como dos não-clientes. Realçam também que o papel negativo do preço é neutralizado quando há uma forte experiência da marca, e que o facto de a Apple ser considerada uma “marca cara” pode fomentar a sua associação a maior qualidade e alcance de prestígio. Por fim, este estudo reforçou a importância da satisfação e comprometimento com a marca para a criação de lealdade, corroborando a literatura existente. São ainda discutidas as implicações dos resultados para a gestão.
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Wolverton, Katherine Gray. "A Qualitative Study on the Experiences of Therapists who Have Been Threatened with Harm or Attacked by a Client or a Relative of a Client During the Course of Treatment in a Non-Residential Setting." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73337.
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This qualitative study used a phenomenological approach to understand the experience of six therapists who had been threatened with harm or attacked by a client or a relative of a client in an outpatient setting. Semi-structured interviews were employed to collect data which were then analyzed using thematic coding. While some of the results of this study are consistent with existing literature on attacks on clinicians in acute inpatient settings, many of the study findings suggest that the experiences of therapists working in an outpatient setting who are threatened by a client or a relative of client are unique to that setting. Clinical implications are discussed.Master of Science
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Spangler, Patricia T. "Therapist dreams about clients." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7576.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Psychology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Freeman, Michelle S. "The New Lease Standard: What You & Your Clients Need to Know." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5774.
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Leibert, Todd W. "Relationship between client factors and symptom levels for clients in ongoing mental health treatment." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011283.
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Guthrie, Wendy. "Keeping clients in line : a grounded theory explaining how veterinary surgeons control their clients." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21125.
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This thesis explains how veterinary surgeons keep their clients in line through a melange of fact and fiction. Originating from the intimate study of veterinary interactions, it represents theory systematically grounded in data. Veterinarians employ mystification processes to manipulate clients' awareness. Vets engage in coaching clients to suit their own agendas. These activities may be benign or opportunistic. Cultivating strategies are also explained whereby vets seek apparently friendly relationships with clients. This disguises the instrumental nature of these interactions. The research indicates that keeping people in line is a robust process evident in diverse contexts. It has obvious commercial significance and is likely to be of relevance to veterinarians, their clients, marketers, researchers and potentially to those wishing to control others in diverse contexts.
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Ducré-Robitaille, Jean-François. "Files d'attente avec clients négatifs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ48922.pdf.
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Wendall, Pamela S. "Clients' spiritual perspective of care." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1191724.
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Spiritual dimensions are an important focus for nursing care and nurses can be catalysts for spiritual care. The purpose of this descriptive comparative analysis is to examine the spiritual care needs as perceived by terminally ill clients, non-terminally ill clients, and well adults. The theoretical framework for this study is Leininger's "Cultural Care Theory" that supports the notion that spiritual care needs to be culturally congruent.Participants were obtained from a 225-bed hospital, hospice, home care, and a wellness program in a midwestern city. Permission was obtained from the hospital President, Vice President of Nursing, the directors of Hospice and Home Care, and the community's Wellness Program. The number of participants was 76. The process for the protection of human rights was followed.Findings were that terminally ill, non-terminally ill, and well-adults all agree that receiving spiritual care that is congruent with beliefs is important. The terminally ill clients rated spiritual needs higher than both non-terminally ill and well-adults. All groups rated the same in the persons from whom it was wished to receive spiritual care. Common themes of spiritual care desired from these persons for the terminally ill group was: pray for/with me and talk to me. For the non-terminally ill group it was: give me information, The understanding, and provide emotional and spiritual support. Finally, for the well-adults it was: listen to me, talk to me, be confident, and support me.No statistical difference between groups (.940) on the SPS. On the SPC, the terminally ill group was more satisfied (5.20) with spiritual support they were receiving than the non-terminally ill group or well-adults.It was concluded that regardless of the stage of illness, the same spiritual needs are prominent, all individuals have spiritual needs, and several types of interventions are preferred. It has been demonstrated in this study that prayer is the most sought after component of spiritual care among all three groups. Second to that would be someone to talk to and someone to listen to them.Implications call for nurses to facilitate spiritual care from family, friends, minister or priest, and hospital chaplain. This could be written into the plan of care by having the client describe the type of spiritual care they want to receive. Nursing Administration needs to work with nursing staff to define spirituality and religion and what they mean to the nurse.School of Nursing
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Begni, Isidora. "Therapists : from family to clients." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621874.
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As a paradigm of a wounded healer, parentified therapists may be gifted with therapeutic talents, but also with related vulnerabilities that may have a significant influence on their therapeutic practice. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore the impact of parentification on therapeutic practice, especially on the therapeutic skills of empathy and boundary settings. For this purpose, a mixed method design was employed in which 38 trainee psychologists provided self-report data on the constructs of parentification measured by parentification questionnaire (Jurkovic, 1997), empathy, measured by Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980), and boundary settings, measured by Exploitation Index (Epstein, 1990) in a survey study, while 4 trainee psychologists were interviewed in a separate study. First, the quantitative data were analysed to assess the existence of possible relationships among the variables of parentification, empathy and boundary transgressions by a regression analysis. The results offered significant suggestions for the predictive power of parentification in regard to empathy and boundary transgressions. Following this, a qualitative study analysed the interviews with the 4 trainees using thematic analysis to explore the above relationships and provided a deeper insight, especially for their therapeutic utility. Combining the findings, the current study supported that parentification may first of all catalyse the choice of a psychologist's profession, well as the choice of the psychotherapeutic approach. In regard to the interpersonal skills, parentification may positively impact the development of enhanced levels of empathy, boundary flexibility, and creativity. On the other hand, parentification may also negatively impact on practitioners by making them more vulnerable to enmeshed therapeutic relationships. Especially in the case of destructive parentification, professional support may be needed to minimise the risk for enmeshed relationships, by increasing self-care and self-other differentiation. Clinical implications for parentified therapists were also discussed.
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Knox, Rosanne. "Clients' experiences of relational depth." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16820.
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Davis, Richard. "Flourishing relationships with consulting clients." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2017. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/23515/.
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Some relationships go quite well - others less well. In this dissertation I explore consulting relationships that flourish and how such a bond develops between consultant and client. I distil the essence of my and some other practising consultants’ experience of flourishing relationships using transcendental phenomenological methods. Unlike quantitative analysis, the description obtained in this way retains the complexity of our experience and I present it as a series of dialogues, mirroring the form of the conversations from which it was drawn. In the flourishing consulting relationships I researched, I found firstly that consultant and client mark out some fundamental common ground they have with one another in terms of their beliefs, interests and behaviours. They check that something is at stake that both value. While they do so, they discover ways to mutually engage, to let each other in. They came to like, respect, trust and feel accepted by one another. They enter into each other’s emotions and perspectives, empathising deeply with the other. Neither feels superior. They become energised about what they are doing. They maintain a strong sense of personal connection despite the peaks and troughs experienced thereafter. Then, as a partnership develops, they become a dyadic unit, one in spirit. They co-own their project, embedded together in it. They ask for and value each other’s opinions, given honestly. They feel responsible for one another. They share the work, their skills and experience synergised. Finally, operating as a team, they are able to act in concert as they engage with the outside world to further the purpose of the assignment that brought them together. They have a common purpose, aim, plot and script, within which they can both improvise. A summary description of the phenomenon is presented, accompanied by diagrams showing the underlying structures. I apply my findings to my own practice and reflect on how they help me, what I have learned about myself and how I relate to others, and the contribution I hope my inquiry makes to knowledge. A paper summarising this dissertation has been published in the peer-reviewed Work Based Learning e-Journal international, published by Middlesex University (Davis, 2015).
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Pats, Barbara Farrell. "Angry clients : reactions of therapists /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148759070298962.
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Joachim, Marie. "L'orchestration des clients comme ressources." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED049.
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Cette thèse questionne la mobilisation des clients comme ressources, par les organisations, afin de trouver des relais de croissance dans des environnements stratégiques instables. Les clients sont détenteurs d’une diversité de ressources et compétences qui peuvent être mobilisées par les entreprises pour créer de la valeur économique. Les organisations créent ainsi de nouveaux modèles d’affaires fondés sur l’exploitation de ces ressources. Pour éclairer cette question nous mobilisons les travaux conceptualisant l’orchestration des ressources afin de comprendre quelles ressources et compétences, possédées par les clients, les organisations collectent pour structurer leur portefeuille de ressources ; comment elles les combinent afin de former des capacités et comment elles déploient ces capacités pour créer plus de valeur pour les clients. Ce travail s’appuie sur l’étude de sept cas d’orchestration des clients comme ressources, au travers d’entretiens, de données netnographiques et secondaires. Grâce à nos analyses nous montrons que les organisations se transforment et redéfinissent les modalités d’interaction avec les clients afin créer de nouvelles capacités fondées sur leur participation. Le déploiement de ces capacités permet d’améliorer la création de valeur d’usage pour les consommateurs, et la capture de valeur économique pour l’entreprise. Ce travail invite à appréhender les organisations orchestrant les clients comme ressources comme des systèmes ouvertsen interaction avec les acteurs de leurs écosystèmeThis study questions the orchestration, by firms, of customers as resources, and to what extent it unveils new growth drivers in unstable competitive environments. Customers possess a diversity of resources and competences that can be collected, combined and leveraged by companies to create economic value. To seize this opportunity, organizations design new business models based on the exploitation of those resources. To shed light on this phenomenon, we rely on the concept of resource orchestration. We investigate what resources and competences firms collect to structure their resource portfolio; how they combine them to build new capacities; and how they deploy these capacities to create more value for customers. This work is based on the study of seven cases of customers as resources orchestration. We conducted interviews and collected netnographic and secondary data. Based on our analysis we explain how organizations combine customers’ inputs, creating new capabilities to improve the creation of value for consumers and the capture of economic value for the firm. This work invites us to apprehend organizations orchestrating customers as resources as open systems in constant interaction with their strategic environment
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Knutsen, Johannes. "Web Service Clients on Mobile Android Devices : A Study on Architectural Alternatives and Client Performance." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9857.
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This paper studies Android, a new open source software stack initiated by Google, and the possibilities of developing a mobile client for MPower, a service oriented architecture platform based upon SOAP messaging. The study focuses on the architectural alternatives, their impacts on the mobile client application, Android’s performance on SOAP messaging, and how Web services’ design can be optimized to give well performing Android clients. The results from this study shows how different architectures directly impacts properties, like off-line usage support, of a SOAP client application on Android. Additionally, the performance measurements shows that building Android client applications which directly invokes Web services with SOAP messaging is possible to make effective enough for typical usage situations. Further, the results indicates how Web services should be designed with care to minimize the required data transfer and processing on the device. Such careful design can be achieved by using coordinating Web services which hides complexity and provides an interface designed for the specific client applications.
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Freeman, Michelle S. "Implementing the New Lease Standard." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5779.
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Freeman, Michelle S. "Implementing the New Lease Standard." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5780.
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Zhao, Xiaolin. "Reducing Unnecessary Sign-ups by The Development Solution of Super-client Driving Multiple Sub- clients( SDMS)." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301239.
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Nowadays more and more web applications are becoming part of everybody’s daily life. Lots of Internet users are bothered by having to create new accounts on websites. But at the same time, it is believed that sign-up as well as sign-in is a good registration solution which is difficult to replace. In this thesis we considered a certain scenario in which a number of people need a short period of co-operation for certain tasks by using a web application. If everyone creates an account, it will be significantly annoying since it will increase everyone’s work and extend the working period. Due to such consideration we have supplied a possible solution that one user with an account works as a super-client, and then generates short-lived login codes or links for others who work as sub-clients. This solution is called SDMS which is short for Super-client Driving Multiple Sub-clients. The thesis work contains the description and analysis of SDMS as well as designing and developing an example application. The example application is an online board game assistance platform, whose user scenario exactly fulfils the case of multiple users co-operating for a certain task that has been mentioned in the previous paragraph. Finally, we draw the conclusion that SDMS could improve the user experience in certain scenarios.Numera blir allt fler webbapplikationer en del av allas dagliga liv. Massor av Internetanvändare stors av att behöva skapa nya konton på webbplatser. Men samtidigt tror man att både registrering och inloggning ar en bra registreringslösning som ar svar att ersatta. I denna avhandling övervägde vi ett visst scenario dar ett antal personer behöver en kort period av samarbete for vissa uppgifter genom att använda en webbapplikation. Om alla skapar ett konto blir det väldigt irriterande eftersom det kommer att oka allas arbete och förlänga arbetsperioden. Pa grund av sådan övervägande har vi tillhandahållit en möjlig lösning att en användare med ett konto fungerar som en superklient och sedan genererar kortlivade inloggningskoder eller lankar for andra som arbetar som underklienter. Denna lösning kallas SDMS, vilket ar en förkortning for Super-client Driving Multiple Sub-clients. Examensarbetet innehåller beskrivning och analys av SDMS samt utformning och utveckling av en exempelapplikation. Exempelapplikationen ar en online brädspelassistansplattform, vars användarscenario exakt uppfyller fallet med att flera användare samarbetar for en viss uppgift som har nämnts i föregående stycke. Slutligen drar vi slutsatsen att SDMS kan förbättra användarupplevelsen i vissa scenarier.
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Beasley, Brittany Nicole. "THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CLIENT-COUNSELOR ETHNIC MATCH, CLIENT CHARACTERISTICS, COUNSELOR CHARACTERISTICS, AND COUNSELING OUTCOMES FOR AFRICAN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY COUNSELING CENTER CLIENTS." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1140.
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Abstract The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between (a) racial/ethnic matching between African American clients and their counselors (i.e., Black, White, and non-Black racial/ethnic minority counselors) and therapeutic outcomes (i.e., change in symptoms, treatment length, and premature termination), (b) while also controlling for the potential influences of client (i.e., initial distress level, family and social support, and socioeconomic status) and counselor (i.e., experience level) characteristics. Change in symptomology on specific domains of functioning (i.e., Depression, Generalized Anxiety, Academic Distress, and Distress Index) was assessed using the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms-34 (i.e., CCAPS-34; Locke et al., 2012). The change in symptomology was classified into one of three categories (i.e., improvement, no change, and deterioration). An archival data set that consisted of client data from the 2011-2012 academic year contributed by 120 university and college counseling centers in the U.S. that were participating members of the Center for Collegiate Mental Health was used. The sample sizes for the analyses were: 348 clients for change in functioning analyses, 1,418 clients for treatment length analyses, and 2,024 clients for premature termination analyses. The findings indicated that after controlling for the covariates, clients who were matched with White counselors were more likely to experience deterioration in overall distress symptoms, rather than no change in symptoms, compared to those who were matched to Black counselors. Also, those clients who were matched with White counselors were more likely to prematurely terminate their counseling sessions, compared to those who were matched to Black counselors or non-Black racial/ethnic minority counselors. The findings from this study may assist researchers and university counseling center staff in understanding the potential influence of ethnic matching on outcomes and service utilization for African American clients. Keywords: ethnic match, African American, outcome research, university counseling center, Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms
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Roberti, Michele. "Scalable Location Verification for Internet Clients." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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Secure Internet geolocation has many practical applications. For example, a mail server may use a client’s physical location information in realtime as an additional authentication, factor to augment password-based authentica- tion. Many applications employ location-aware access policies for content, such as media streaming. Online voter fraud can also be reduced if the voter’s location can be verified in realtime. Fraud reduction in e-commerce applications can be controlled if the locations of credit-card and cheque- based transactions can be verified. Most approaches known to be used in practice for location determination can be easily forged by an adversary. IP-address based techniques are prone to IP-forging tactics, in which the adversary connects through a VPN or a proxy server. GPS or WiFi Positioning System (WPS) coordinates could be forged before submission, since they often employ no integrity protection.
This thesis aims at devising and evaluating scalable measurement-based lo- cation verification techniques for the Internet. Network delays between the participating client and a group of verifiers will be used to assess claims made the client about being physically present in a prescribed geographic region. The deployability and efficacy of the new techniques will be evaluated using distributed infrastructure on cloud servers.
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Chao, Pek Kei. "GIS middleware supporting heterogeneous GIS clients." Thesis, University of Macau, 2005. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1447914.
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Howe, Miles. "Clients of prostitution: A sociological analysis." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26660.
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The aim of this thesis is to examine the existing data surrounding clients of prostitution. The thesis begins by establishing a theoretical basis that addresses the issues of sexuality and desire. The aim of this theoretical framework is to demonstrate that sexual desire is a social construct that varies over time and culture.
Using this framework, the thesis goes on to explore the existing academic studies that have studied clients of prostitution. The information contained within these studies, for the sake of ease of analysis, was divided into two categories, which form the next two chapters of the thesis. These are; demographic composition, and; motivation for purchase.
Although this thesis could draw no definite conclusions surrounding the propensity of particular demographic groups of men to be more apt to purchase sex, numerous issues were raised that merit further study. These include; the influence of male hegemony upon the propensity to purchase sex; the interconnection of power and control with sexual desire; and the current lack of information surrounding links between particular motivations and particular demographic groups.
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Sark, Jody C. A. "Measuring clients' emotional experience in counselling." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0007/MQ59764.pdf.
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Farrelly, Robert. "Clients experinces of cognitive behavioural therapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531832.
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Parks, Sally A. "Calcium study : pregnant care coordination clients." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115427.
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Blismas, Neoklis G. "Multi project environments of construction clients." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6807.
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The single project paradigm which dominates the literature of both project and construction management research does not accurately reflect the reality of many construction clients, who have large ongoing construction portfolios rather than one off construction projects. It is contended that the forces behind the multi-project environment (MPE) of construction clients are different to those traditionally viewed within the single project paradigm. Although several concepts of MPEs exist, an investigation of the form and dynamic interactions of components within MPEs of construction clients was lacking. The main objectives of the research were a) to determine the major factors influencing project delivery within the MPE, b) to investigate the interaction between these factors and the attributes of different forms of MPEs, c) to develop a typology of the MPE of construction clients, and d) suggest policies for effective management of MPEs. The MPEs of six construction clients were explored. The cases included a variety of retailers, a hotel group, a utility company and a housing and commercial developer to gain a range of perspectives within both primary and secondary experienced clients. Propositions were used as guidance for the investigation and analysis of the data, which consisted of interviews and organisational documentation. The data indicated that the business environment strongly drives the project inception process. However, the inherent uncertainty within the general environment causes a milieu of unpredictable change within the project delivery process, which in turn manifests in compromised performance and outcomes. Factors influencing the process are the lack of `continuity' within workload, contractual relationships, expertise and production, with concomitant effects on project outcomes. Suppliers perceive clients as `inhibiting continuity' thereby nullifying advantages inherent in repetitive and lean production principles. Other factors influencing the process are high planning authority intervention, low client commitment and low standardisation. Causal networks and an Influences model were used to graphically capture the dynamics of these factors within the MPE. 111 A typology of the MPE of construction clients was developed and validated through literal and theoretical replication between cases. Three main types emerged as descriptive of programmes within client's construction portfolios; Bounded programmes, Target programmes and Rolling programmes. The distinctive features of each type suggest that specific approaches are necessary for the successful delivery of projects within a portfolio. Solutions suggested by the data are presented.
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Pettman, H. "Working with clients in inpatient services." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2018. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17718/.
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The question of how to maintain appropriate professional boundaries with clients can be complex and further difficulties can arise for forensic inpatient nursing and healthcare workers. The literature in this area focuses mainly on boundary violations and there is little research on how staff members develop and maintain boundaries on forensic wards, despite this being beneficial for staff experience and client recovery. Interviews with eleven psychiatric nurses and healthcare workers were analysed using a grounded theory methodology, which led to the formation of a cyclical model of boundary development. Staff initially acclimatize to the forensic environment using their existing experiences and personal values and then enter a phase of calibration, where they constantly assess and address professional boundary issues in the course of their daily responsibilities. Staff members use this experience alongside reflection, social learning and supervision to undergo individual learning that parallels team development. In a fourth phase, staff members use this learning to recalibrate their views on boundaries, themselves and how they work with clients. This recalibration impacts on staff members’ further management of daily boundaries, which provides more material for learning, which leads to further recalibration. This study emphasises the consideration staff have for boundaries and echoes previous literature suggesting the importance of supervision and reflective spaces. The model is comparable to existing learning theory and highlights the importance of social and experiential learning. There are implications for training, team building, supervision and reflective spaces. Further research could explore cultural aspects of boundary development.
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Duffy, Daniel Q. "Prospective Clients' Expectations about Videoconference Psychotherapy." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10129937.
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The implementation of telecommunication technologies has allowed traditionally underserved populations to receive healthcare, including those who lack access to mental health treatment. While previous literature has found videoconference therapy (VCP) as a viable alternative to traditional face-to-face therapy for specific disorders, common therapeutic factors, such as, expectations for therapy, has been largely overlooked. Vignettes depicting either VCP or traditional therapy and a scale for expectations of the therapy provider were given to 192 mechanicalTurk participants. Significant, yet clinically insignificant results indicated lower expectations for VCP psychotherapists in their ability to establish a working relationship and respond to an emergency. While a significant difference was identified, participants rated both modalities similar and relatively high. Analysis of a qualitative statement further indicates VCP providers may have an inability to establish a human connection. Future research should identify working relationship expectancy interventions for VCP therapy.
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Dos, Anjos Pablo Lucas. "Conventional social behaviour amongst microfinance clients." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2014. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/326221/.
Full textAbstract:
This doctoral thesis inductively explores the role of conventional social behaviour adopted by individual microfinance clients regarding their influence over their own collective success as a microcredit group. The collective credit in question is subject to an adaptation in Mexico of the Grameen Bank lending framework. An analysis is made on the close interplay between institutional rules, i.e. the repayment conditions imposed by the microfinance institution (henceforth MFI), and the emergent cooperation and penalisation mechanisms that are handled by clients themselves to meet their targets. Thus the research is focused on the clients’ strategies to socially manage debt and defaulters. In this case study, a socio-economical fieldwork has been completed through surveying 600 microcredit clients, their 2404 active loans, 35 credit officers plus their board of directors. This took place in the southernmost state of Mexico, Chiapas, from September 2007 to February 2008, and data analysis was carried out during that period until July 2009. All findings were discussed with relevant stakeholders and policy makers. This proved key in providing influential insights that helped to improve the institutional regulatory framework. That resulted in a policy change that benefited over 20,000 clients. Apart from institutional regulations, it has also been observed group-level strategies devised by microfinance clients themselves to assess and deal with defaulters over time. These operate independently from the MFI framework as, despite influencing when and how quotas should be repaid, their criteria is entirely dealt with and evolved within credit groups. The obtained outcomes from analysing social and financial data include: • (I) insights backed by empirical data helped to influence an adaptation of the MFI funding credit policy, so that group structure and conventions are actually taken into consideration in a bid to foster more successful microcredit groups; • and (II) an analysis deemed reliable by the stakeholders for policy-making purposes, which has also guided the development of an exploratory model for simulating behaviour of how microcredit groups may deal with repayments in adversity. As a result of having developed this research project, three contributions to knowledge are discussed in the thesis. These are organised below according to relevant topics. 1. Understanding the behaviour within studied microfinance groups: based on the analysed evidence, a hypotheses is suggested about how group location and membership can influence the dynamics of acceptable behaviour regarding defaulters. 2. Informing policy-making with research findings: a demonstration of how stakeholders can assess the usefulness of knowledge –produced via research– for policymaking purposes, taking into account the phenomenon’s particular context. 3. The development of an agent-based model (henceforth ABM): application of the proposed ABM methodology, aimed at strengthening validation throughout the modelling process with emphasis on use of evidence and stakeholder participation.
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Bousquet, Aurélie. "L'artiste entrepreneur, ses clients, ses actionnaires." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010539.
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En constante mutation, le statut de l'artiste est lié à celui de son public, de sa production, et des acteurs du monde de l'art. En choisissant d'étudier l'artiste entrepreneur, on assiste à la disparition de l'œuvre et du spectateur. Qu'il propose des produits d'art, des services, ou une participation au capital de son entreprise artistique, l'artiste entrepreneur bouleverse les rôles de chacun. En assumant un rapport direct à l'argent, il organise une relation d'ordre économico-esthétique avec ses clients, ou actionnaires. Cette thèse défend l'idée selon laquelle la fusion de l'art et de son marché, dans une démarche artistique de type entrepreneuriale, ne peut se faire sans un fondement sur un socle éthique. La mise en place d'un code déontologique propre aux artistes entrepreneurs est ainsi suggérée; celui-ci aurait l'avantage de manifester l'existence d'un groupe, partageant des valeurs et des intérêts, en plus de favoriser le fonctionnement et la reconnaissance des pratiques artistiques entrepreneuriales.
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Österberg, Emil. "Automating regression testing on fat clients." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Datalogi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-423261.
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Regression testing is important but time consuming. Automating the testing have many benefits. It will save money for companies because they will not have to pay testers to manually test their applications. It will produce better software with less bugs as testing can be done more frequently so bugs will be found faster. This thesis has compared two techniques used to automate regression testing. The more traditional component level record and replay tools and Visual GUI testing tools that uses image recognition. Eight tools in total was tested and compared, four from each technique. The system under test for this project was a fat client application used by Trafikverket. After automating a test suite using all tools, it could be concluded that the component level record and replay had some advantages over visual GUI testing tools, especially when it comes to verifying the state of the system under test. The benefits of visual GUI testing tools comes from their independence from the system under test and that the technique more correctly mimics how a real user interacts with the GUI.Regressionstestning är en viktig men tidskrävande del av mjukvaruutveckling. Att automatisera testningen har flera fördelar. Det sparar pengar för företag eftersom de inte behöver betala testare för att manuellt utföra testerna. Det resulterar i bättre mjukvara med färre buggar eftersom man kan testa oftare och därmed hitta buggar tidigare. Det här projektet har undersökt och jämfört två tekniker som kan användas för att automatisera regressionstestning och verktyg som använder dessa tekniker. Dels de traditionella verktygen som identifierar objekt på komponentnivå samt verktyg som istället använder sig av bildigenkänning för att identifiera objekt. Totalt testades och utvärderades åtta verktyg, fyra av varje tekniktyp. Systemet som testades under projektet är en skrivbordsapplikation som används av Trafikverket. Efter att ha automatiserat en testsekvens med varje verktyg kunde konstateras att verktygen som identifierar objekt på komponentnivå har flera fördelar över verktyg som enbart använder bildigenkänning. Detta gäller främst när det kommer till verifiering av systemets tillstånd. Den största fördelen med bildigenkänningsverktygen visade sig vara dess oberoende från systemet, samt att tekniken mer efterliknar en verklig användare.
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Zhao, Pengran. "Inter-Application Communications Between IPTV Clients." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-186272.
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The master thesis: Inter-application communication in IPTV client was conducted at the Business Multimedia Unit in Ericsson. In the IPTV client side, there is a need to control another IPTV client remotely with a low latency. This functionality can be used in playing game and remote operation in IPTV. The current solution is that clients communicate through the portal (Ericsson’s Web based IPTV system) in remote location with high latency. The focus of this thesis work is designing, building and evaluating a communication mechanism among IPTV clients in a LAN. The major contribution of this thesis is analysis and design of a solution. The comparison between an implemented solution in this project and other possible solutions is also included in this thesis. The purpose of the solution is to improve the configuration and performance of Ericsson IPTV clients. In the thesis, a prototype of inter-application communication between IPTV clients was designed. The prototype includes a proxy server (Based on Node.js), UPnP applications (Based on open source UPnP stacks), communication components in portal system and an Android client. The prototype has achieved the goals of setting up fast and convenient communication in Ericsson IPTV client side, without using the IPTV server. UPnP applications allow two devices in a LAN find each other with no need to configure IP and port. A local proxy server, a couple of communication components in portal and an Android application are used to set up communication in a LAN. Also different solutions have been analyzed and designed in the project. And some related technologies have been investigated and introduced. Measurement and test shows that the communication between IPTV clients in a LAN is fast enough to replace the way of communication through the server. Security analysis shows some possible drawbacks, like the security vulnerability and compatibility. The security can be improved by some future work, part of which is proposed and designed in the thesis. Analysis also shows the advantages and disadvantages of on different service discovery technologies.
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Russek, Lisa Marie. "Social workers' responses to religious clients." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1042.
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Tiepolo, Linda <1989>. "Certificates: too complicated for retail clients?" Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/7206.
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The aim of this thesis is to understand if there is a correspondence between complexity and riskiness in certificates, and to examine whether these financial products, so-called complex products, are suitable for retail investors or not.
In the first part, the main characteristics of certificates are shown and the markets in which they are traded. Subsequently, there is a detailed analysis of the structure of the main types of certificates that are currently proposed by the main financial intermediaries in this field.
The thesis then analyses the opinions issued in 2014 and in 2015 by ESMA and then by Consob in order to regulate the sale of complex products, in which certificates are included.
In conclusion, the thesis investigates the fact that the legislator associates product complexity to riskiness. Complexity is a relative term that depends on the characteristics of the product and its risk-return profile. In fact, there may be financial products in the market with a high level of complexity, but with a low risk level, or vice versa.
Misunderstandings in the comprehension of these terms may limit the sale of complex products to a wider audience. This thesis hopes to clarify the levels of complexity and riskiness of certificates, and to show that if there is transparency on the part of financial intermediaries, these products can be sold to retail customers according to their risk aversion and their knowledge of financial markets.
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Rungta, Susan A. "Counselling clients with foreign accents : a comparison of counsellor anxiety with the accented and non-accented client." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26910.
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This research project was designed to determine whether anxiety in counsellors was higher with clients with foreign accents, and if so, whether this resulted in counsellors being less effective within the counselling session. Other feelings experienced by counsellors specific to counselling accented clients were also examined.
Two separate, but related studies were conducted in which a comparison between two groups of counsellors-in-training was made. One group counselled a client with a European accent, while the other counselled a client with a Western Canadian speech style, typical of the region in which the study took place. Subjects in both groups were presented with a 20-minute video training tape of a client presenting a problem. Each subject was asked to respond verbally as they would in a real counselling session. The video tapes shown to the two groups were identical with the exception of the accent variable.
The findings in both studies were similar. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in level of state anxiety as measured by the A-State of the STAI. Results from a questionnaire constructed specifically for this research project supported these findings. It did appear, however, that counsellors presented with the foreign accented client may have experienced more anxiety in the first few minutes of the session resulting from their inability to fully understand the accent. An unexpected finding emerged when both studies were examined together. It was found that a lower proportion of counsellors exposed to the foreign accented client expressed feelings on a frustrated/thwarted dimension (p<.05). More expected however, was the finding that higher levels of counsellor state anxiety were correlated with lower levels of counsellor functioning in the session (p<.001).
The results of this study are discussed in relation to cross-cultural counselling, the anxiety-counsellor competence relationship, and sociolinguistic accent research. These results question several assumptions prevalent in the cross-cultural literature and suggest that a new set of issues may be emerging for the counsellor working with the minority client.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Middle, Claire. "An evaluation of the therapeutic alliance : a comparison between clients sexually abused as children and non-abused clients." Thesis, Open University, 1999. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57987/.
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This exploratory study aimed to investigate whether clients who have experienced childhood sexual abuse (CSA) differ from clients who have not disclosed such abuse, in the quality of the therapeutic alliance, level of interpersonal difficulties and in the elements viewed as important in the alliance. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Standardised questionnaires were used to investigate differences in alliance and interpersonal difficulties. Grounded theory was used to investigate the factors that were important in the therapeutic alliance for clients with a history of CSA. The women interviewed in the CSA group reported significantly lower scores than women in the non-CSA group on the Working Alliance Inventory, although overall scores for both groups were high. There were no overall significant differences in the level of interpersonal difficulties between the two groups, although the groups did differ on one sub-scale of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems 32. The qualitative analysis suggested that clients from both groups raised many similar issues as important in the therapeutic alliance. These included factors relating to the therapist, to the therapy and to the client's perception of the relationship. The issues of commitment, being believed, and the therapist not showing negative reactions were mentioned only by the survivors of CSA. Overall, the qualitative analysis revealed that a wide range of factors were relevant to both groups of clients, although the factors of commitment and therapist's reactions may be particularly relevant to work with survivors of childhood sexual abuse.
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Hedegren, Daniel. "Thin-Clients : An open-source product comparison." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-5057.
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This thesis presents a comparison among two different open-source company-solutions, taking into account the cost, performance and functionality. The compared open-source solutions are: LTSP and Openthinclient. The thesis also explains the normal client/server environment, fat- and thin-client environments and the concept of cloud computing. Giving a final answer to which product is the best is a challenging task since they both have strong and weak sides. Depending on what the customer is after when looking to invest into an open-source alternative of thin-client solutions, the result will be different.
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Nguyen, Phu-Nhan, and n/a. "Smart Clients for small E-business framework." University of Canberra. Information Sciences & Engineering, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060803.104619.
Full textAbstract:
Businesses with less than 20 employees are regarded as small businesses. The four main
types of small business structures are mostly Sole Trader, Partnership, Trust, and
Company. E-commerce is the transformation of key commerce processes through the
use of the Internet. E-commerce consists of the buying, selling, marketing and servicing
of products and services over the Internet. The benefits of E-commerce are reduction in
costs, convenient communication and performance of the business process. Several
models for E-commerce are Business to Business (B2B), Business to Customer (B2C),
Business to Employee (B2E), Business to Government (B2G), and Customer to
Customer (C2C).
This thesis considers the small typical business structures in Australia to build a
framework for small business. Small Business Framework (SBF) is developed to
provide a framework to design and implement Web applications for Smart Clients and
applications for E-commerce and M-commerce models which are mainly B2B and B2C.
The SBF�s components are database, email, electronic payment, products, orders, and
login. The technology requirements to operate the SBF are Personal Digital Assistants
(PDA), Unicode, Web Server, Visual Studio .NET 2003 (VS .NET) and provision of
services through Internet. In order to test and evaluate SBF, an Online Asian Grocery
Mobile (OAGM) application has been developed for B2C using MS Visual Studio .NET
2003 (VS.NET). Results showed that the SBF is a good framework for small businesses
and the OAGM is a sucessful application prototype since OAGM provides good
accessibility, saves time, and is effective.
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Rossouw, Gabriel Johannes. "Therapists' experience of working with suicidal clients." AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/841.
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This study explores therapists' experience of working with suicidal clients. Using a Hermeneutic-phenomenological method informed by Heidegger [1889 – 1976] this study provides an understanding of the meaning of therapists' experiences from their perspective as mental health professionals in New Zealand. Study participants include thirteen therapists working as mental health professionals in District Health Boards from the disciplines of psychiatry, psychology and psychiatric nursing. Participants' narratives of their experiences of working with suicidal clients were captured via audio taped interviewing. These stories uncover the everyday realities facing therapists and provide an ontological understanding of their experiences working with suicidal clients in District Health Boards. The findings of this study identified three themes. All the participants experienced shock and surprise upon hearing their clients had committed suicide without presenting with signs and symptoms associated with suicidality in their assessment. All the participants experienced the responsibility of assessing suicidal clients and intervening to be a burden. Further, they suffered from guilt and fear of punishment in the aftermath of a client's suicide. They also found themselves in a professional and personal crisis as a result of their experiences and struggled to come to terms with events. This study has shown how these experiences could be understood by uncovering the perspectives therapists bring to working with suicidal clients. I have shown how mainstream prevention and intervention strategies follow on from the misrepresentation and misinterpretation of our traditional way of knowing what it means to be human. I show when therapists discover that phenomena are not necessarily what they appear to be they feel unsettled and confused about their responsibilities and what it means to live and die as a human being. The experience of being a therapist to a person who commits suicide has been revealed in this thesis to leave a profound legacy of guilt, doubt and fear. This thesis proposes that it may be time for the profession to care for its own that therapists in turn may not shy back from caring for and about the vulnerable other.
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Korman, Lorne. "Changes in clients' emotion episodes in therapy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0019/NQ27300.pdf.
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Höpfner, Hagen. "Relevanz von Änderungen für Datenbestände mobiler Clients." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2005. http://d-nb.info/986806617/04.
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Höpfner, Hagen. "Relevanz von Änderungen für Datenbestände mobiler Clients /." Saarbrücken : VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3041780&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Rahim, Ikram. "SEPA Clients in A Secure Cloud BankingEnvironment." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-117350.
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Finance and Economics are one of the most important elements in the development of nations. Dealing with finances and economies banking industry is the solely dominating industry especially during the 20th century. Along with the development of banking industry, information technology was also emerged and started collaboration with this sector. Moreover, banks shifted all their operations over the network; furthermore, networks and telecommunications were enhanced more. They started offering banking services to its clients by using cloud computing (virtualization). After the introduction of Euro by the EU, a project came into existence called Single Euro Payment Area (SEPA). SEPA is an EU project which is an initiative towards the integration and uniform way of payments and bank transfers within the EU region. Our research project is a part of providing web services to clients in a Secure SEPA banking system. Our research focuses on developing SEPA banking web services for clients. We have developed infrastructure for SEPA banking services. Web clients are going to access the main portal by registering themselves. After registration, a client will create bank account. Bank account will have basic credentials of the client including account number and PIN number. Furthermore, account number and PIN number can be used to check account balance; client can perform transactions and convert the respective currency into Euros. All financial transactions should be dealt in Euros; this is one of the main purposes of our SEPA research project. In the second part of our research, some activities have been performed with Point of Interactin(POI) devices. POI device is communicating with the banking system through wireless or GPRS protocols; client will use SEPA smart card. Smart card will be swapped in the POI device; device will detect the smart card data and will interact with the SEPA system. Smart card data contain client’s credentials, such as amount in the bank account, 16 digit card number, and cash in, cash out in the account, card expiry date etc. The final portion, detecting the smart card data, is left for future work.
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Ivens, Mary. "Learning disability staff and aggression from clients." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1829.
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This study was designed to investigate whether provision of information, in the form of a leaflet, about issues surrounding aggression and violence at work would lower anxiety about aggression and increase confidence in dealing with aggression, in care staff working in learning disability. A brief evaluation of the leaflet was carried out, and measures taken to establish whether information was assimilated from the leaflet. Also investigated were other feelings that care staff had about aggression at work. An information leaflet entitled "Preventing and coping with an aggressive incident involving a client in your care", and a questionnaire entitled "Aggressive incidents involving a client at work" were constructed. The questionnaire incorporated a scale for measuring 'Confidence in dealing with aggression'. 53 care staff, working in residential homes for people with learning disabilities, completed pre and post-intervention Spielberger State-Trait Form Y-1 questionnaires, and "Aggressive incidents involving a client at work" questionnaires. Results were analysed using analysis of variance, t-tests and Pearson's product moment correlation. No differences were found in levels of anxiety or confidence in dealing with aggression between two experimental groups and a control group, pre and post-intervention, but a significant difference was found in levels of anxiety within the groups pre and post-intervention. The leaflet was evaluated positively, but information was not assimilated. These and other findings are discussed in relation to present practice and implications for future research.
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Li, Kwok-wai, and 李國偉. "Working with resistant adolescent clients: anexploratory study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250403.
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Briggs, John R. "Counselor assessments of honest and deceptive clients." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/833463.
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This dissertation applied the social psychological research on deception to a counseling situation. The social psychological literature on deception has demonstrated that judges are notextremely accurate in their evaluations of deception. The majority of investigators in this arena have reported that judges of deception have difficulty exceeding accuracy levels which could be obtained merely by chance. Furthermore, researchers have had difficulty identifying cues to deception which could benefit judges when making their assessments.It seems that the ability of counselors to detect deception would be an important facet of their repertoire--especially in situations where the counselor interacts with clients who may be more prone to lying (e.g.. substance abusers, perpetrators of family violence, criminals, and malingerers). If counselors are accurate in their determinations of client deception at levels of accuracy only slightly greater than chance (as the social psychological literature implies), then the entire assessment process might be undermined.This study was an examination of counselors' abilities to detect deception among their clients, the verbal and nonverbal cues to which counselors attend in making their assessments, and how client deception effects a counselor's psychological assessments. Four major findings were obtained. First, a factor analytic study revealed that counselors believe they attend to four general groups of verbal and nonverbal cues when suspecting a client of deception: (1) Stationary Cues of a Client's Face and Body, (2) Movements of a Client's Limbs, (3) the Quality/Style of a Client's Communications, and (4) the Content/Expression of a Client's Communications. Second, counselors in this study were accurate in their assessments of honest and deceptive clients at levels significantly greater than chance (85% overall accuracy). Third, this study was unable to identify cues which benefit counselors in making accurate assessments of client deception and/or honesty. Fourth, the accuracy of a counselor's psychological assessments were not affected by client deception. Results are discussed in relation to the social psychological literature on deception and implications for the profession of counseling psychology.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Atkinson, Majida. "Clients' and practitioners' perception of Intermediate Treatment." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293088.
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