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1
MORESCALCHI, LUCA. "Study of the calorimetric detection of the muon to electron conversion in the Mu2e experiment." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1030437.
Full textAbstract:
The Mu2e experiment will search for Charged Lepton Flavor Violation (CLFV), looking at the coherent conversion of a muon into an electron in the field of an aluminum nucleus. The knowledge of such a CLFV reaction allows to indirectly probe new physics at energy scales up to thousands of TeV, inaccessible with direct searches at either present or planned high energy colliders. For this reason, Mu2e will measure the muon-to-electron conversion rate R_{\mu e} with an unprecedented accuracy, so to improve of a factor 10^4 the best current measurement and, in case of no observation, to constrain its value below 6 x 10^-17 at 90% of CL. To reach this ambitious sensitivity, about 10^18 muonic atom decays have to be observed: Mu2e is expected to use an intense pulsed muon beam, and rely on a detector system composed of a straw tube tracker and an electromagnetic calorimeter. The calorimeter is composed of 1348 un-doped CsI crystals, each coupled to two large area Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). It plays a central role in the Mu2e measurement, providing particle identification capabilities that are necessary to reject the cosmic muons and antiprotons induced background. Moreover, the calorimeter has to help the tracker providing a seed for the pattern recognition and to provide a fast independ trigger. Having these experimental requests as pivotal reference, a set of Quality Assurance (QA) criteria for the calorimeter active components have been defined. Following the corresponding QA procedures, a first batch of crystals and photosensors has been characterized and used to assemble a medium scale prototype of the calorimeter (Module-0). The Module-0 has been studied by means of a 100 MeV electron beam, confirming that expected calorimeter performances well satisfy the Mu2e requirements.
2
Rebenstorf, Kathrin. "Untersuchungen zur Epidemiologie des Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV)." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15335.
Full textAbstract:
Das Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) ist ein weltweit verbreitetes Pflanzenvirus, das eine Vielzahl an Laubgehölzen und Stauden infiziert. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden phylogenetische und serologische Analysen der Populationsstruktur des CLRV durchgeführt und ihre Korrelation mit epidemiologischen Faktoren, wie der geographischen Verbreitung und der Wirtspflanzenart, untersucht. Der Nachweis von CLRV erfolgte mittels Immunocapture - Reverse Transkription -Polymerase Kettenreaktion (IC-RT-PCR). Dabei konnte CLRV in 20 verschiedenen Gehölzarten an 33 Standorten in Deutschland nachgewiesen werden. Außerdem wurden Isolate aus 6 anderen Ländern, die von Kollegen zur Verfügung gestellt worden waren, in die Untersuchungen einbezogen. Der Vergleich der Symptomausprägungen auf verschiedenen Testpflanzen zeigte keine auffälligen biologischen Unterschiede bei den gewonnenen CLRV-Isolaten. Untersuchungen zur RNA-Populationsstruktur basierend auf einem 380 bp langen Teilbereichs der 3’-nicht-translatierten Region (3’UTR) der genomischen RNA1 und RNA2 zeigte eine homogene Basenzusammensetzung innerhalb der Virusisolate. Hingegen traten zwischen den 73 untersuchten CLRV-Isolaten Sequenzunterschiede bis zu 15,5 % auf. Die phylogenetische Analyse der 3’UTR deckte eine Gruppierung der Virusisolate nach den natürlichen Wirtspflanzenarten auf, die durch statistischen Analysen mittels GST-Koeffizient bzw. Mantel-Test verifiziert werden konnten. Der Vergleich der phylogenetischen mit der serologischen Gruppierung, die unter der Verwendung monoklonaler Antikörper analysiert wurde, zeigte für 24 CLRV-Isolate eine hohe Korrelation in Bezug auf die Gruppenzuordnung. Auch beim phylogenetischen Vergleich der Hüllprotein-Sequenzen für 9 CLRV-Isolate ergaben sich die gleichen Gruppen. Innerhalb der 380 bp langen 3’UTR wurde mittels Computer-Modellierung der Sekundärstruktur unter Verwendung von 67 CLRV-Sequenzen zwei konservierte Stemloops identifiziert, die die Ergebnisse anderer Autoren bestätigen und die funktionelle Bedeutung der 3’UTR belegt.Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) is worldwide distributed and is infecting a variety of deciduous trees and shrubs. In this study phylogenetic and serological analyses of the population diversity of CLRV and the correlation with the epidemiological factors geographical distribution and host plant species, have been investigated. During a survey in Germany plants were tested by IC-RT-PCR and virus isolates recovered from a range of woody plants from different geographical regions. CLRV was detected in 20 different plant species from 33 locations in Germany. Also isolates from 6 other countries received from colleagues were included in the study. Comparison of symptom expression on different indicator plants did not show obvious biological differences between the recovered CLRV isolates. Investigations of the RNA population structure based on a 380 bp long fragment of the 3''-non-translated region (3''UTR) of genomic RNA1 and RNA2 revealed a homogeneous base composition for single isolates. However, between 73 CLRV isolates 3’UTR sequences showed up to 15.5 % divergence. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3''UTR uncovered a grouping of the virus isolates according to the natural host plant species, which was verified by statistic analyses using GST coefficient and Mantel test. The comparison of the phylogenetic grouping with the serological grouping of 24 selected CLRV isolates, which was analyzed using a set of seven monoclonal antibodies, showed a high correlation regarding the group arrangement. The phylogenetic comparison of the coat protein sequences for 9 CLRV isolates also revealed the same group arrangement. Secondary structure analysis by computer modelling of the consensus sequence of the 380 bp long 3''UTR using 67 CLRV sequences identified two conserved stem loop regions supporting the results of other authors and indicating the functional significance of the 3''UTR.
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Fuchs, Franz Xaver. "Clock-feedthrough compensation in MOS sample-and-hold circuits." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2354.
Full textAbstract:
All MOS sample-and-hold circuits suffer to a greater or lesser extent from clock-feedthrough (CLFT), also called charge-injection. During the transition from sample to hold mode, charge is transferred from an MOS transistor switch onto the hold capacitor, thus the name charge-injection. This error can lead to considerable voltage change across the capacitor, and predicting the extent of the induced error potentials is important to circuit designers. Previous studies have shown a considerable dependency of CLFT on signal voltage, circuit impedances, clock amplitude and clock fall-time. The focus of this work was on the signal dependency of the CLFT error and on the CLFT induced signal distortion in open-loop sample-and-hold circuits. CLFT was found to have a strongly non-linear, signal dependent, component, which may cause considerable distortion of the sampled signal. The parameters influencing this distortion were established. It was discovered that distortion could be reduced by more than 20dB through careful adjustment of the clock fall-rate. Several circuit solutions that can help reduce the level of distortion arising from CLFT are presented. These circuits can also reduce the absolute level of CLFT. Simulations showed their effectiveness, which was also proven in silicon. The CLFT reduction methods used in these circuits are easily transferable to other switched-capacitor circuits and are suitable for applications where space is at a premium (as, for example, in analogue neural networks). A new saturation mode contribution to CLFT was found. It is shown to give rise to increased CLFT under high injection conditions.
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Ribeiro, Hugo Miguel Antunes. "Ensaios sobre microenxertia em nogueira (Juglans regia L.)." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/29912.
Full textAbstract:
As técnicas de cultura in vitro têm contribuído para a optimização de protocolos de propagação do género Juglans. Neste trabalho foi testada a técnica de microenxertia de J. regia em híbrido ‘Paradox’. Foi efectuado o enraizamento ex vitro em simultâneo com a enxertia. Foi avaliada a influência da presença de folhas no enxerto e no porta-enxerto na taxa de sucesso da técnica, assim como o despiste de Cherry leaf roll virus. Verificou-se que a presença de folhas foi um requisito obrigatório para o sucesso da enxertia e do enraizamento. A enxertia apresentou uma taxa média de sucesso de 84,6 % e a taxa de aclimatização aos 60 dias foi 86,4 %. Detectaram-se amostras suspeitas de serem positivas para a presença de Cherry leaf roll virus. A técnica de microenxertia apresentada mostrou-se viável tecnicamente e eventualmente com condições de competir com as técnicas tradicionais de enxertia em viveiro; ABSTRACT:
Trials about walnut (Juglans regia L.) micrografting.
In vitro culture techniques have contributed to the optimization of propagation protocols of the genus Juglans. Here the micrografting technique was tested with J. regia grafted in a 'Paradox' hybrid. Rooting ex vitro was performed simultaneously with grafting. The influence of the presence of leaves on the graft and rootstock on the success rate of the technique was evaluated, as well as the screening of Cherry leaf roll virus. It was found that the presence of leaves, in the graft or in the rootstock, or in both, was a mandatory requirement for the grafting success. The grafting success presented a final global average of 84.6% and the acclimatization rate at 60 days was 86.4%. Samples putatively positive for the presence of Cherry leaf roll virus were detected. The micrografting technique here presented seems to be technically feasible and maybe able to compete with the traditional techniques of nursery grafting.
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Wilson, K. Craig. "Using marginal analysis to load Combat Logistics Force (CLF) ships." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA293136.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1994.Thesis advisor(s): Paul J. Fields, Katsuaki L. Terasawa. "December 1994." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Mock, Philip J. "Measuring Combat Logistics Force (CLF) Adequacy in Supporting Naval Operations." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6837.
Full textAbstract:
Approved for public release, distribution unlimitedWe uses the existing outputs of the Combat Logistics Force (CLF) Planner tool to (1) assess the minimum level of support required for a specified force in a multi-stage naval combat scenario and (2) compare CLF adequacy, surplus mission capability, and logistics shortfalls that a minimum level of support provides to combat forces of varying compositions. We examine the potential impact of the transition from a traditional nuclear-powered aircraft carrier strike group to a more distributed conventionally-powered one. We find that the logistical demands of a small conventionally powered carrier strike group with comparable striking power require significant increases in CLF end strength, and therefore that logistical supportability must be an integral part of future fleet planning.
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Jablecka, Marta. "Modelling CLV in the Insurance Industry Using Deep Learning Methods." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-273607.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a master’s thesis project in which deep learning methods are used to both calculate and subsequently attempt to maximize Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) for an insurance provider’s customers. Specifically, the report investigates whether panel data comprised of customers monthly insurance policy subscription history can be used with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to achieve better predictive performance than the naïve forecasting model. In order to do this, the use of Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) for anomaly detection in a supervised manner is explored to determine which customers are more likely to change their subscription policies. Whether Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) can be used in this setting in order to maximize CLV is also investigated. The study found that the best RNN models outperformed the naïve model in terms of precision on the data set containing customers which are more likely to change their subscription policies. The models suffer, however, from several notable limitations so further research is advised. Selecting those customers was shown to be successful in terms of precision but not sensitivity which suggest that there is a room for improvement. The DRL models did not show a substantial improvement in terms of CLV maximization.I detta examensarbete presenteras metoder där djupinlärning används för att både beräkna och maximera kundens lönsamhet över tid, Customer Lifetime Value (CLV), för en försäkringsleverantörs kunder. Specifikt undersöker rapporten historisk paneldata som består av kunders månatliga försäkringsinnehav där Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) används för att uppnå bättre prediktiv prestanda än en naiv prognosmodell. Detta undersöks tillsammans med det neurala nätverket Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), där vi försöker finna anomalier på ett övervakat sätt. Där anomalier syftar på kunder som är mer benägna att ändra sin försäkringspolicy, då den största delen av populationen har samma innehav på månadsbasis. Även en gren av djupinlärning, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), används för att undersöka möjligheten att maximera CLV för denna typ av data. Studien fann att de bästa RNN-modellerna överträffade den naiva modellen i termer av precision i data där kunder är mer benägna att ändra sin försäkringspolicy. Modellerna lider dock av flera anmärkningsvärda begränsningar, så ytterligare forskning rekommenderas. Att välja kunder med hjälp av LSTM visade sig vara framgångsrikt när det gäller precision men inte känslighet vilket tyder på att det finns utrymme för förbättring. DRL-modellerna visade inte någon väsentlig förbättring vad gäller CLV-maximering.
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Agüero, González Jesús. "Desarrollo de vectores virales basados en el virus del manchado foliar de los cítricos (CLBV)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/34342.
Full textAbstract:
Los cítricos son el cultivo frutal económicamente más importante tanto en
España como en el resto de los países productores. La clave para mantener la
competitividad de este sector consiste en obtener material vegetal de alta calidad,
para lo cual son indispensables los programas de mejora. La mejora de cítricos por
métodos clásicos es muy complicada, por lo que hay que recurrir a las nuevas
tecnologías para intentar acelerar y optimizar el procedimiento. La reciente
secuenciación del genoma de dos especies de cítricos ha permitido identificar una
larga lista de genes candidatos a participar en determinados procesos biológicos. Sin
embargo, son necesarios nuevos análisis para asociar cada gen a un fenotipo
específico o función biológica.
El empleo de vectores virales para determinar la función de genes mediante
silenciamiento génico inducido por virus (VIGS) ha demostrado ser una herramienta
muy útil para los estudios de genética reversa realizados en plantas. Este sistema
presenta ventajas respecto a los métodos tradicionales para estudiar la función de
genes como son la mutagénesis o la transformación genética, ya que permite
ensayar la función de numerosos genes en un corto periodo de tiempo. Esto es
especialmente crítico en el caso de los cítricos, que poseen largos periodos juveniles
de entre 6 y 8 años y donde la transformación de plantas adultas es muy difícil.
Además, permite estudiar la función de genes que son esenciales para el crecimiento
o el desarrollo de la planta y cuyo análisis es inviable con los métodos tradicionales.
Al comienzo de la tesis se había desarrollado un vector viral para cítricos
basado en el virus de la tristeza de los cítricos (CTV) con el que se pueden expresar
proteínas pero que no se ha ensayado para estudiar la función de genes mediante
VIGS. En el laboratorio disponíamos de un clon infeccioso de cDNA del genoma
completo del virus del manchado foliar de los cítricos (CLBV), un virus que infecta a
todas las especies y variedades de cítricos ensayadas y es asintomático en la mayoría
de ellas. Este clon infeccioso se ha modificado para obtener vectores virales basados
en el genoma de CLBV que pueden servir tanto para expresar proteínas como para
silenciar mediante VIGS genes de cítricos para la mejora genética de este cultivo.
Para ello, se ha introducido un punto de corte único PmlI en dos zonas del genoma
de CLBV: en el extremo 3¿ no traducible (vector clbv3¿) o en la zona intergénica
localizada entre los genes de las proteínas de movimiento y cápsida (CP) (vector
clbvIN). Para la expresión de secuencias foráneas mediante la formación de un
nuevo RNA subgenómico (sgRNA) se delimitó la secuencia mínima promotora del sgRNA CP mediante clonación de fragmentos de distinta longitud en torno al origen
de transcripción de dicho sgRNA en el vector clbv3'. El fragmento de 92 bases
localizado entre los nt -42 y +50 respecto al inicio de transcripción del sgRNA CP
contenía todos los elementos necesarios para la promoción de un nuevo sgRNA in
vivo. Esta secuencia mínima promotora se clonó en los 2 vectores virales
previamente desarrollados para generar los vectores clbv3¿pr y clbvINpr,
respectivamente. Ambos vectores fueron capaces de producir un nuevo sgRNA y de
expresar proteínas recombinantes.
Para determinar la estabilidad de los vectores obtenidos se clonaron en ellos
fragmentos de secuencias lineales de distinto tamaño, o en tándem invertido para la
formación de una estructura en horquilla, y se inocularon en plantas de N.
benthamiana y cítricos. Todas las construcciones derivadas del vector clbv3' se
mostraron estables a lo largo de las diferentes brotaciones analizadas durante al
menos 3 años, comprobándose la replicación viral e integridad del inserto. Sin
embargo, no se detectó multiplicación viral con ninguna de las construcciones
derivadas del vector clbvIN. La estabilidad de las construcciones derivadas de los
vectores con el promotor duplicado dependía del tamaño del inserto. Con todas
ellas se detectó replicación viral pero se observaron eventos de recombinación
cuando se clonaban fragmentos superiores a 720 nt en el vector clbvINpr o 408 nt en
el vector clbv3'pr.
Un factor importante para determinar la eficiencia y funcionalidad de los
vectores desarrollados es conocer cómo se mueve y se distribuye el virus en los
distintos tejidos de la planta. Para ello se inocularon plantas de N. benthamiana y
cítricos con la construcción clbv3¿pr-GFP, que expresa GFP en los tejidos donde se
localiza el virus. En N. benthamiana, la observación de GFP permitió detectar la
presencia de CLBV en la mayoría de tejidos, acumulándose preferentemente en
óvulos y regiones meristemáticas. En cítricos no se pudo visualizar GFP pero el virus
se detectó en regiones meristemáticas mediante RT-PCR a tiempo real e hibridación
molecular. La acumulación de CLBV en tejidos meristemáticos explicaría la dificultad
de eliminar este virus mediante microinjerto.
Para evaluar la capacidad de los vectores clbv3'pr y clbvINpr para expresar
proteínas se clonó en ellos la secuencia completa del gen gfp y se cuantificó la
cantidad de proteína GFP sintetizada en las plantas infectadas. En N. benthamiana la
cantidad de GFP estimada para el vector clbv3'pr fue de 16 µg de proteína por
gramo de peso fresco, cantidad que resultó entre 5 y 6 veces superior a la estimada para el vector clbvINpr. Sin embargo, en cítricos, debido a la inestabilidad del vector
clbv3'pr, sólo se pudo cuantificar la proteína expresada por la construcción del
vector clbvINpr, estimándose en 0.6 µg de GFP por gramo de peso fresco.
La efectividad de los vectores clbv3', clbv3'pr y clbvINpr para silenciar genes
mediante VIGS se ensayó clonando fragmentos de genes tanto endógenos de
plantas (pds, actina, sulfur) como el gen gfp introducido experimentalmente en
plantas transgénicas. En cítricos todas las construcciones de los tres vectores
indujeron fenotipo de silenciamiento del gen ensayado, aunque el vector clbv3' fue
el más efectivo para el estudio de VIGS en este huésped. Sin embargo, en N.
benthamiana sólo se desencadenó el silenciamiento en las plantas inoculadas con la
construcción clbv3¿pr-hp58PDS, que expresa una horquilla de doble cadena de un
fragmento de 58 nt del gen pds. En todas las plantas silenciadas se detectó una
disminución del correspondiente mRNA del gen ensayado y una acumulación de
siRNAs derivados tanto del mRNA del gen insertado como del RNA genómico del
virus. Por otro lado, el fenotipo de silenciamiento de los genes ensayados se observó
en sucesivas brotaciones, lo que confirma la gran estabilidad de los vectores basados
en el genoma de CLBV.
Los vectores virales desarrollados en esta tesis constituyen una herramienta
eficiente para el estudio de la función de genes mediante genética reversa utilizando
la técnica VIGS. También pueden ser útiles para estudio de genética directa
mediante expresión de proteínas o para la protección del cultivo frente a
enfermedades producidas por virus, bacterias y hongos o frente a plagas de
invertebrados.Agüero González, J. (2013). Desarrollo de vectores virales basados en el virus del manchado foliar de los cítricos (CLBV) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/34342
TESIS
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Bargheer, Matias. "Ultrafast photodynamics in condensed phase ClF, Cl2 and I2 in solid rare gases /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2002/206/index.html.
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Kerouedan, Sylvie. "Conception et réalisation de circuits VLSI-CLF pour le traitement de l'information optique." Brest, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BRES2012.
Full textAbstract:
Le contexte de cette these est l'etude de circuits integres optoelectroniques sur substrat silicium interfacant entrees optiques (photodiodes) et sorties optiques (cristal liquide ferroelectrique). Pour valider les relations entre les composants optiques et les fonctions electroniques integrees, deux circuits ont ete realises. La premiere realisation, un aiguilleur optique a adressage integre met en evidence la relation circuit integre et clf, en particulier elle montre les difficultes technologiques du depot de clf sur ci. Cette application de routage electronique entre fibres optiques monomodes permet d'envisager l'integration sur un meme support, le silicium, de la fonction d'adressage et des miroirs optiques. Ces miroirs assurent la creation de chemins optiquement transparents et reconfigurables entre 2 fibres quelconques. La deuxieme realisation, une retine de detection de contours permet d'illustrer les problemes d'interconnexions dans les systemes a base de pixels fortement interconnectes. Elle montre egalement que le choix de l'algorithme s'avere tres important : sa complexite entrainera un rapport surface photosensible par pixel/surface totale du pixel plus ou moins convenable dans des applications de traitements d'images. A la suite de ces realisations, nous cherchons a donner quelques pistes de reflexion pour repondre a quelques questions sur les traitements optoelectroniques complexes : comment peut-on les implanter sur silicium ? quand est-il preferable d'effectuer des operations optiques plutot que des operations electroniques ? quels sont les avantages des systemes d'interconnexions optiques ?
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Busolin, Giorgia. "Transcriptional reprogramming of muscle fibers by chronic electrical stimulation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423414.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Skeletal muscle fibers have a remarkable capacity to adjust their molecular, functional, and metabolic properties in response to developmental and environmental stimuli. A central role for neuromuscular activity in determining skeletal muscle fibers composition was demonstrated by cross-innervation and electrical stimulation experiments in adult skeletal muscle. A fast to slow transition can be induced by chronic low-frequency electrical stimulation (CLFS). In literature, CLFS studies have focused on the effects produced after days or weeks of stimulation. Here, I present the first transcriptome study that identifies the earliest genetic changes in this process.
Methods: The fast EDL muscle was subjected to CLFS for 6 and 12 hours. First, microarray experiments were performed using whole EDL muscle. Then, in order to reduce biological noise caused by different cell types, I applied microgenomic analyses at the level of single fibers (SF), isolated according to the protocol recently developed in my laboratory. Microarray experiments have been produced with updated platforms (Agilent SurePrint G3 Mouse GE 8x60K).
Results and discussion: The expression profiles of whole muscle after 6 and 12 hours of electrical stimulation identified about two hundred differentially expressed (DE) genes. The functional categories of blood vessel development and transcription regulation were most enriched. Genomic analyses of isolated fibers identified more than a thousand DE genes after 12 hours of stimulation. The functional category of blood vessel development was enriched also at the SF level, suggesting that myofibers are able to interact with other cell types in order to stimulate the angiogenesis process. In general, muscle structural genes were equally expressed between stimulated and unstimulated muscles, indicating that changes in fiber type require prolonged stimulation. On the contrary, genes involved in transcription, chromatin-remodeling genes and several myofibril genes acting as signaling molecule were early activated after CLFS.Introduzione: Le fibre del muscolo scheletrico possiedono una notevole capacità di modificare le loro proprietà molecolari, funzionali e metaboliche in risposta a stimoli di crescita e ambientali. Esperimenti di cross-innervazione e stimolazione elettrica hanno dimostrato il ruolo fondamentale dell’attività neuromuscolare nel determinare il tipo di fibra. La stimolazione cronica a bassa frequenza (CLFS) è in grado di indurre il processo di trasformazione di una fibra veloce verso un fenotipo lento. Fino ad ora, questi processi sono stati studiati dopo lunghi periodi di stimolazione. In questo lavoro, mi sono proposta di identificare i cambiamenti trascrizionali precoci di questo processo. Metodi: Il muscolo veloce EDL di topo è stato sottoposto a CLFS per 6 e 12 ore. Inizialmente ho utilizzato il muscolo intero per produrre i profili di espressione Successivamente, per ovviare al problema dell’eterogenea composizione del muscolo, ho utilizzato l’approccio microgenomico, producendo profili di espressione a livello di una singola fibra, isolata utilizzando il protocollo sviluppato nel mio laboratorio. Tutti i profili sono stati ottenuti mediante l’utilizzo di piattaforme Agilent (SurePrint G3 Mouse GE 8x60K). Risultati e discussione: I profili di espressione con il muscolo intero hanno identificato circa 200 geni differenzialmente espressi (DE). Lo sviluppo dei vasi sanguigni e la regolazione della trascrizione sono risultate le categorie funzionali più arricchite. Le analisi genomiche a livello di singola fibra hanno identificato più di mille geni DE dopo 12 ore di stimolazione. La categoria funzionale riguardante lo sviluppo dei vasi sanguigni risulta arricchita anche con questo approccio, suggerendo un’interazione tra le fibre muscolari e gli altri tipi cellulari al fine di stimolare il processo di angiogenesi. La maggiorparte dei geni strutturali risulta essere ugualmente espressa, suggerendo che i cambiamenti nel tipo di fibra richiedono un tempo prolungato. Al contrario, i geni coinvolti nella trascrizione, nel rimodellamento della cromatina e alcuni geni miofibrillari che agiscono come molecule di segnale, si attivano rapidamente in risposta a CLFS.
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Renovell, Ferrer María Águeda. "El virus del manchado foliar de los cítricos: caracterización del promotor del RNA subgenómico del gen de la proteína de la cápsida y del supresor del silenciamiento de RNA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/7324.
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El trabajo incluido en esta tesis está encuadrado en un proyecto cuyo objetivo general es el desarrollo de un vector viral eficiente de expresión o silenciamiento de genes, basado en el virus del manchado foliar de los cítricos (Citrus leaf blotch virus, CLBV). Para desarrollar un vector viral a partir del genoma de CLBV era necesario disponer de un clon infeccioso del virus y de métodos eficientes de inoculación del mismo en plantas de cítricos.
Se construyó un clon infeccioso de cDNA del genoma completo de CLBV bajo el promotor T7 del fago lambda y se pusieron a punto protocolos para el aislamiento de protoplastos de N. benthamiana, N. occidentalis y cidro Etrog. CLBV replicó en protoplastos de las tres especies transfectados con viriones purificados, aunque el nivel de replicación fue muy bajo y sólo se detectó a partir de 4-5 días post inoculación (dpi), que es el tiempo máximo de supervivencia de los protoplastos en nuestras condiciones de trabajo. La multiplicación del virus en protoplastos inoculados con transcritos de CLBV fue menor, detectándose sólo en algunos experimentos de transfección de protoplastos de N. benthamiana. Finalmente, la inoculación mecánica directa de plantas de cítricos o de N. benthamiana y N. occidentalis con transcritos de RNA del virus fue infructuosa, a pesar de que estos transcritos eran capaces de infectar protoplastos.
Antes de modificar el clon infeccioso de CLBV para convertirlo en un vector viral eficiente, era necesario conocer la estrategia de expresión del genoma viral y caracterizar las secuencias implicadas en el reconocimiento y promoción de la síntesis de los RNAs subgenómicos (sgRNAs) para poder duplicar un promotor y expresar genes o fragmentos de genes mediante la formación de un nuevo sgRNA. Para mapear el promotor del CP-sgRNA de CLBV se construyeron varios mutantes a partir del clon IC-CLBV (clon infeccioso del genoma completo de CLBV bajo el promotor 35S de CaMV) mediante supresión de nucleótidos y mutagénesis dirigida.Renovell Ferrer, MÁ. (2010). El virus del manchado foliar de los cítricos: caracterización del promotor del RNA subgenómico del gen de la proteína de la cápsida y del supresor del silenciamiento de RNA [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/7324
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Rowlands, Sioned Puw. "Marginal politics : the aesthetic and the essayistic in selected writings by Twm Morys, VaÌclav Havel and Bohumil Hrabal." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422434.
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Hellriegel, Ronald. "Ätzen von Titannitrid mit Halogenverbindungen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1245418105568-70747.
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Mit zunehmender Miniaturisierung mikroelektronischer Bauelemente steigen die Anforderungen an reproduzierbare qualitätskonforme Schichten. Um die zur Herstellung notwendigen ALD/PVD/CVD-Schichtabscheideanlagen in einen zuverlässigen Zustand zu versetzen, ist eine regelmäßige Kammerreinigung notwendig. Während des Abscheideprozesses werden nicht nur das Substrat, sondern auch die umliegenden Kammerteile beschichtet. Diese Schichten wachsen mit jedem Beschichtungszyklus weiter an. Der Stress zwischen Schicht und Kammerwand steigt beständig, und es besteht das Risiko das Teile abplatzen und auf die Waferoberfläche fallen und damit die Struktur unbrauchbar machen. Um das zu verhindern, muss die Kammerwand in einen regelmäßigen Zustand versetzt werden, in dem sichergestellt ist, daß keine Schichtreste abplatzen können. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein neues Verfahren zur Trockenreinigung von ALD-Titannitrid Kammern vorgestellt. Dazu wurden TiN-Stücke (hergestellt im ALD, CVD, PVD-Verfahren) auf einem temperaturgeregelten Probenhalter platziert. Eine Argon/NF3 Gasmischung wurde in einer externen Plasmaquelle (RPS) zerlegt und in die Reaktionskammer geschleust. Die Ätzung wurde mit in-situ Reflexionsmessung beobachtet. Experimente mit Chlorzugabe wurden unternommen und ein starker Einfluss auf den Ätzmechanismus beobachtet. Die Ätzraten des TiN sind exponentiell abhängig von der Temperatur und proportional abhängig von der Verfügbarkeit atomaren Fluors. Dieses wird bei der Zerlegung von NF3 frei gesetzt und steht der Reaktion zur Verfügung. Die NF3-Zerlegung in Fluor und Stickstoff wurde mit Hilfe der Massenspektrometrie (QMS) untersucht, Zerlegungsgrade größer 96% wurden erreicht. Mit Hilfe dieser Messung kann der Einfluss der Kammerreinigung auf den Treibhausgasausstoß (GWP) bestimmt werden. Mit dem Ar/NF3-Verfahren können die GWP-Emissionen um 90% im Vergleich zur RIE-Ätzung mit SF6 reduziert werden. Mit Argon/Chlor-Plasmen konnte kein Titannitrid geätzt werden, da die physikalische Sputterkomponente fehlte. Durch Hinzufügen von Chlor zu einer Ar/NF3-Gasmischung konnte die Ätzrate um bis zu 270% im Bereich niedrige Temperaturen/niedriger Druck gesteigert werden. Bei höheren Temperaturen/höherem Druck fielen die Ar/NF3/Chlor Ätzraten allerdings deutlich hinter die des Ar/NF3 zurück. Die dazu führenden Effekte werden untersucht und ausgeführt. Die Nutzung von externen Plasmaquellen bietet eine vielversprechende Alternative um Abscheideanlagen von TiN-Rückständen reinigen zu können. Bei hohen Temperaturen werden deutlich höhere Ätzraten als bei anderen Schichten (SiN, SiO2, W) erreicht. Für Anwendungen im niedrigen Temperaturbereich erlaubt die Zugabe von Chlor interessante AnwendungsmöglichkeitenDemands on state of the art deposition technologies for semiconductor production focus on uniformity, repeatability and low defectivity. The chamber condition is a key parameter to achieve these high demands in chemical vapour deposition (CVD) processes and are even more critical to the atomic layer deposition processes (ALD). During the deposition process not only the wafer surface but other chamber parts as well are covered with a thin film. This film accumulates during the deposition cycles and is prone to fall off the walls and pollute the wafer surface. The chamber parts that are exposed to the deposition must be set back to a steady state so that no deposits fall off the walls. The chamber condition also changes uncontrolled with varying film condition on the wall. A new approach for cleaning of ALD-titanium nitride (TiN) deposition chambers was investigated. To determine etch rates TiN-samples (created by ALD, CVD and PVD) were placed on a temperature controlled sample holder. An argon/NF3 mixture was excited in an upstream remote plasma source (RPS) and then routed through the reaction chamber. No further plasma activation inside the reaction chamber was done. The etching was monitored by in-situ reflectometry and etch rates were calculated. The effect of chlorine addition was also studied and strong influence on etch rates was found. The etch rate of TiN is dependent exponentially on temperature and very low etch rates were achieved below 70◦C at a chamber pressure ranging from 20-300 Pa. It was found that this correlates very well with the vapour pressure of the reaction product TiF4. At temperatures of 300◦C etch rates up to 800 nm/min were achieved. The optimum pressure for etching was found at 100 Pa while the pressure effect was small. The etch rate was mainly dependent on the availability of activated fluorine to create TiF4 by the reaction 2 NF3 → N2 + 6 F* 2 TiN + 8 F* → 2 TiF4 + N2 The NF3 decomposition to nitrogen and fluorine was monitored by quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS) and was found to be greater than 96%. This figure allows an estimation of the amount of Global warm potential (GWP) gas emmited by the process for environmental considerations. Using argon/NF3 or argon/fluorine mixtures in RPS devices reduces the GWP emissions by more than 90% compared to RIE plasma cleaning with SF6. No etching occurred by using argon/chlorine only mixtures as no physical etch component was involved in RPS etch. However adding chlorine to the argon/NF3 mixture accelerated the etching process. Chlorine addition to the argon/NF3 mixture increased the etch rates up to 270% in the low pressure/low temperature regime. At higher temperatures or higher pressures the etch rates dropped below the etch rates achieved solely with fluorine chemistry. It must be emphasized that there is no physical acceleration of the ionized molecules toward the etched sample in this remote plasma setup. The usage of a remote plasma offers an alternative way to remove residues from chambers running TiN deposition processes. At high temperatures the Ar/NF3 offers remarkably high etching rates for TiN compared to other films (silicon nitride, -oxide, tungsten) usually cleaned by remote plasma. For low temperature applications the chlorine enhancement offers an interesting alternative to accelerate the etch process
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Barreto, Iná Futino. "Resultados de marketing de relacionamento: proposição de modelo por meio de mapeamento cognitivo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-01102015-152612/.
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Dada a crescente importância do relacionamento empresa-cliente e a pluralidade de modelos que discutam os elementos e resultados desse tipo de atividade, esta pesquisa buscou entender melhor a atividade de marketing de relacionamento e seus resultados por meio da análise de como os profissionais dessa área enxergam as relações entre os constructos relevantes, a fim de buscar desenvolver um modelo que expresse mais claramente como os profissionais da área entendem que os resultados de marketing de relacionamento são alcançados. O tema é tratado com base em uma revisão teórica que explora o conceito de marketing de relacionamento e seus principais elementos, o processo de modelagem, e o processo de mapeamento cognitivo. A partir da revisão teórica, foram listados onze constructos de marketing de relacionamento, que foram, então, analisados por 35 profissionais da área. Assim foram traçados 35 mapas cognitivos individuais que apontam como cada entrevistado entende as interações entre os elementos do marketing de relacionamento. Com base nas visões de cada indivíduo, foi traçado um mapa cognitivo agregado que aponta o entendimento médio dos entrevistados. A análise desse mapa permitiu identificar como, de acordo com a visão dos profissionais pesquisados, os elementos de marketing de relacionamento se influenciam mutuamente e quais elementos têm maior ou menor impacto no resultado final (aqui considerado como o custumer lifetime value - CLV). Por fim, foi feita análise de cluster para identificar a possível existência de algum tipo de agrupamento de respostas. Nenhum padrão significativo foi encontradoGiven the growing importance of activities related to the relationship between company and client, and the plurality of models to discuss the elements and results of this type of activity, better understanding the relationship marketing activity and it\'s results is important, in order to seek to develop a model that express more clearly how relationship marketing results are achieved. The theme is treated from a theoretical review based on the concept of relationship marketing and its key elements, the modeling process, and the process of cognitive mapping. Eleven contructos of relationship were listed from the theoretical review, and were then analyzed by 35 marketing professionals. Thus 35 individual maps which indicate how each respondent understands the interactions between the elements of relationship marketing have been traced. Based on the views of each individual, was plotted an aggregate map that shows the average understanding of the respondents. The analysis of this map has allowed us to identify, in accordance with the vision of
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Deogratias, Jean-Marc. "Utilisation de la culture in vitro en vue de l'élimination des virus NRSV, PDV et CLSV chez le Cerisier (Prunus avium L. )." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR22016.
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Proposition de differentes methodes d'elimination en vue de l'amelioration sanitaire du prunus avium, a partir de 3 classes contamines: microgreffages d'apex combinaires (in vitro et in situ), effets de la thermotherapie et de la chimiotherapie sur le materiel multiplie in vitro
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Deogratias, Jean-Marc. "Utilisation de la culture in vitro en vue de l'élimination des virus NRSV, PDV et CLSV chez le Cerisier (Prunus avium L.)." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376044609.
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Machalová, Lucie. "Hodnota zákazníka v letecké společnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-8143.
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Práce pojednává o strategickém řízení podniku na základě znalosti celoživotní hodnoty zákazníka. Definuje Customer Lifetime Value v souvislosti se strategií podniku,Customer Relationship Managementem a Balanced Scorecard metodologií. Charakterizuje jednotlivé kroky stanovení hodnoty, způsoby alokace a softwarové nástroje, stejně jako rizikové oblasti implementace tohoto způsobu řízení a praktické možnosti využití, obzvláště pro segmentaci zákazníků, upravení vztahů se zákazníky a nastavení všech customer facing procesů. Praktická část uvádí příklad stanovení hodnoty, respektive ziskovosti, zákazníka na příkladu letecké společnosti a analyzuje specifika leteckého průmyslu, stanovení kalkulačního vzorce a konkrétní návrhy pro budoucí implementaci, včetně využití výsledků hodnoty zákazníka v řízení společnosti.
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Tran, Dinh Minh. "Le test toxinique : une méthode de phénotypage pour l’étude de l’interaction Hevea brasiliensis x Corynespora cassiicola et l'identification des facteurs génétiques de sensibilité." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT178/document.
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Hevea brasiliensis est la seule source commerciale du caoutchouc naturel. La maladie CLF (Corynespora Leaf Fall) provoquée par le champignon Corynespora cassiicola est une pathologie foliaire de l’hévéa importante en Asie et en Afrique. Les épidémies sont liées au développement de nouvelles variétés clonales très sensibles. Une méthode conductimétrique de phénotypage de la réponse de l’hévéa aux exsudats de C. cassiicola (filtrats de culture ou toxine purifiée) a été développée et caractérisée. Ce test toxinique, sans contact direct avec le champignon lui-même, peut être mis en œuvre sans risque sur les plantations. Après application de gouttes d’exsudats sur des folioles détachées d’un génotype d’hévéa, deux mesures de conductivité C1 et C2 sont réalisées avant et après autoclavage, et le pourcentage de fuite d’électrolyte dû au traitement, %FE = 100*C1/C2, est calculé. L’influence de différents facteurs tels que le stade foliaire et la durée d’incubation, a été précisée. Une corrélation positive a été trouvée entre les réponses au test toxinique et à l’inoculation par des conidies du champignon. La pertinence de la correction de C1 par C2 a été analysée.Deux études du test toxinique ont été réalisées pour une série de clones d’hévéa, d’une part en France avec des plantes en pots cultivées en serre, et d’autre part en Côte d’Ivoire, dans les conditions normalement envisagées pour ce test, avec des folioles provenant de jardins à bois de greffe. La répétabilité entre ces deux études est imparfaite mais néanmoins satisfaisante. Le critère %FE est apparu plus sensible et plus précis que la mesure de la surface de nécrose induite (SN). Une variabilité importante de la sensibilité des clones et de l’agressivité des exsudats a été observée, avec l’existence d’interactions. L’analyse du déterminisme génétique de la réponse au test toxinique a été menée par détection de QTL sur deux populations de la famille biparentale d’hévéa PB260 x RRIM600, analysées sur deux sites en Côte d’Ivoire. Une carte génétique a été construite au préalable avec 308 marqueurs SSR. Le phénotypage des deux populations a révélé un déterminisme polygénique, sans effet monolocus majeur, avec, pour l’ensemble des exsudats fongiques étudiés, 13 QTL répartis sur 10 groupes de liaison et présentant des pourcentages d’explication R2 variant de 10 à 20 %. Sur les deux sites, deux QTL ont été identifiés conjointement pour le filtrat CCP et pour la toxine Cas1 purifiée à partir du filtrat CCP, démontrant l’importance de Cas1 pour la toxicité de ce filtrat. Des corrélations positives entre certains filtrats ont été observées, avec des profils de réponse similaires et des QTL communsLe test toxinique pourrait remplacer avantageusement la méthode d’inoculation conidienne. Cependant, la valeur prédictive du test pour la sensibilité des clones d’hévéa à la maladie CLF en plantation reste à caractériser. Une meilleure connaissance de l’épidémiologie du pathosystème H. brasiliensis x C. cassiicola contribuerait à l’objectif de sélection, et plus largement à la conception de méthodes de lutte ou d’évitementHevea brasiliensis is the only commercial source of natural rubber. The CLF (Corynespora Leaf Fall) disease caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola is an important foliar pathology of the rubber tree in Asia and Africa. The disease progression is related with the development of new highly sensitive clonal varieties. A phenotyping method based on the measurement of electrolyte leakage in response to C. cassiicola exudates (culture filtrates or purified toxin) was developed and characterized. This test, without direct contact with the fungus itself, can be implemented without risk for plantations. After application of exudate samples on detached leaflets, conductivity is measured before (C1) and after (C2) autoclaving, and the percentage of electrolyte leakage %FE=100*C1/C2 is calculated. The influence of different factors such as leaf stage or the duration of incubation has been clarified. A positive correlation was found between the responses to the toxin test and to conidial inoculation. The pertinence of C1 correction by C2 was analyzed.Two toxin test studies have been carried out for a set of rubber clones, in France, with potted plants in greenhouse, and also in Ivory Coast, under the conditions normally considered for this test, with leaflets from budwood gardens. Repeatability between these two experiments was not perfect but nevertheless satisfying. The %FE character was found more sensitive and accurate than surface necrosis (SN) measurement. A significant variability in clone susceptibility and treatment virulence was observed, with clone x treatment interactions. The genetic determinism of sensitivity to C. cassiicola exudates was analyzed using the toxin test, by QTL detection on two populations of the biparental rubber family PB260 x RRIM600, in two field trials in Ivory Coast. A genetic map was previously built, using 308 SSR markers. Phenotyping of the two progeny populations revealed a polygenic determinism, without major monolocus effect. Over all the fungal exudates, 13 QTL distributed over 10 different linkage groups were identified, with percentages of explanation R2 varying from 10 to 20 %. On both sites, two QTL have been identified jointly for both the culture filtrate CCP and the toxin Cas1 purified from CCP. Positive correlations have been observed between some of the filtrates, with similar response profiles and common QTL.The toxin test could usefully replace the conidial inoculation method. However, the value of the test for predicting rubber clones susceptibility to the CLF disease in field conditions remains to be better characterized. Better understanding of the epidemiology of the H. brasiliensis x C. cassiicola pathosystem would contribute to the breeding objective, and more broadly to the design of control or avoidance methods
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Amarasinghe, Ishari. "The Orchestration of computer-supported collaboration scripts with learning analytics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670420.
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Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) creates avenues for productive collaboration between students. In CSCL, collaborative learning flow patterns (CLFPs) provide pedagogical rationale and constraints for structuring the collaboration process. While structured collaboration facilitates the design of favourable learning conditions, orchestration of collaboration becomes an important factor, as learner participation and real-world constraints can create deviations in real time. On the one hand, limited research has examined the orchestration challenges related to collaborative learning situations scripted according to CLFPs in authentic educational contexts to resolve collaboration at different scales. On the other hand, learning analytics (LA) can be used to provide proper technological tooling, infrastructure and support to orchestrate collaboration. To this end, this dissertation addresses the following research question: How can LA support orchestration mechanisms for scripted CSCL? To address this question, this dissertation first focuses on studying the orchestration challenges associated with scripted CSCL situations on small scales (in the classroom learning context) and large scales (in the distance learning context, specifically in massive open online courses [MOOCs]). In the classroom learning context, lack of teacher access to activity regulation mechanisms constituted a key challenge. In MOOCs, sustained student participation in multiple phases of the script was a primary challenge. The dissertation also focuses on studying the design of LA interventions that might address the orchestration challenges under examination. The proposed LA interventions range from human-in-control to machine-in-control in nature given the feasibility and regulation needs of the learning contexts under investigation. Following a design-based research (DBR) methodology, evaluation studies were conducted in naturalistic classrooms and in MOOCs to evaluate the effects of the proposed LA interventions and to understand the conditions for their successful implementation. The results of the evaluation studies conducted in the classroom context shed light on how teachers interpret LA data and how they action the resulting knowledge in authentic collaborative learning situations. In the distance learning context, the proposed interventions were critical in sustaining continuous flows of collaboration. The practical benefits and limitations of deploying LA solutions in real-world settings, as well as future research directions, are outlined.El aprendizaje colaborativo asistido por ordenador (CSCL) ofrece oportunidades para la colaboración productiva entre estudiantes. En CSCL, los patrones de flujo de aprendizaje colaborativo (CLFP) proporcionan un fundamento pedagógico y restricciones para estructurar el proceso de colaboración. Si bien la colaboración estructurada facilita el diseño de condiciones de aprendizaje favorables, la orquestación de dicha colaboración estructurada se convierte en un factor importante, ya que la participación del alumno y los condicionantes del mundo real pueden crear desviaciones en el momento de su realización. Por un lado, existe una investigación limitada sobre los desafíos de la orquestación de aprendizaje colaborativo guiado según los CLFP en contextos educativos auténticos a diferentes escalas. Por otro lado, la analítica del aprendizaje (LA) se puede utilizar para proporcionar las herramientas tecnológicas, la infraestructura y el apoyo adecuados para orquestar la colaboración. Con este fin, esta tesis doctoral plantea la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿Cómo puede LA apoyar los mecanismos de orquestación de guiones de CSCL? Para abordar esta pregunta, la tesis doctoral se centra, primero, en estudiar los desafíos de la orquestación en situaciones CSCL guiadas a pequeña escala (en el contexto del aula) y a gran escala (en el contexto de aprendizaje a distancia, específicamente en cursos masivos abiertos en línea [MOOC]). En el contexto del aula, un reto imporante es la falta de acceso de los docentes a los mecanismos de regulación de la actividad. En los MOOC, el reto principal es sostener la participación de los estudiantes a lo largo de las diversas fases del guión. La tesis doctoral también se centra en estudiar el diseño de intervenciones de LA que podrían abordar los retos de orquestación detectados. Dadas las necesidades de viabilidad y regulación de los contextos de aprendizaje investigados, las intervenciones de LA propuestas van desde acciones automáticas donde la “máquina está en control” a intervenciones que implican “control por humanos”. Siguiendo una metodología de investigación basada en el diseño (DBR), se han realizado estudios en aulas y en MOOCs para evaluar los efectos de las intervenciones de LA propuestas y comprender las condiciones para su buena implementación. Los resultados de la evaluación realizada en el contexto del aula arrojan luz sobre cómo los profesores interpretan los datos de LA y cómo actúan en consecuencia en situaciones auténticas de aprendizaje colaborativo. En el contexto de la educación a distancia, las intervenciones propuestas fueron fundamentales para mantener flujos continuos de colaboración. La tesis docotral describe los beneficios prácticos y las limitaciones a la hora de implementar soluciones de LA en entornos reales, así como las direcciones de investigación futuras.
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Deon, Marine. "Importance de la cassiicoline en tant qu'effecteur de la Corynespora Leaf Fall (CLF) chez l'hévéa : Développement d'outils pour le contrôle de la maladie." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00741952.
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L'hévéa (Hevea brasiliensis) est actuellement la seule source commerciale de caoutchouc naturel. Parmi les maladies affectant l'hévéa, la CLF (" Corynespora Leaf Fall ") causée par le champignon Corynespora cassiicola, est devenue en une cinquantaine d'années un fléau pour l'ensemble des pays hévéicoles d'Asie et d'Afrique. Actuellement, la gestion du problème consiste à arracher les clones les plus sensibles et à traiter les arbres avec des fongicides en cas d'épidémie. Cependant, le nombre de clones touchés par la maladie ne cessant d'augmenter, il devient urgent de sélectionner de nouveaux clones à la fois tolérants et aptes à la production. Nos travaux ont permis de caractériser le gène codant la cassiicoline, toxine protéique glycosylée secrétée par C. cassiicola, et d'analyser sa diversité. Une étude comparative portant sur trois isolats de C. cassiicola d'agressivité contrastée a montré la présence du gène Cas1 chez les isolats de forte et moyenne agressivité, alors qu'il n'est pas détecté chez l'isolat de faible agressivité. Les niveaux d'agressivité des isolats sont corrélés aux niveaux de transcrits du gène de cassiicoline. Le rôle de la cassiicoline serait prépondérant dans les phases précoces de l'infection. L'analyse de diversité du gène de cassiicoline à partir d'une collection d'isolats provenant de différents hôtes et d'origines géographiques variées, a révélé l'existence d'au moins six isoformes protéiques (Cas1 à Cas6). La structuration génétique globale des isolats basée sur des marqueurs neutres est similaire à la structuration basée sur le gène de cassiicoline. Les isolats prélevés sur hévéa se regroupent en clades spécialisés, dont un correspondant aux isolats porteurs du gène Cas1, identifiés comme étant les plus agressifs sur hévéa. Cependant, 58 % des isolats testés semblent dépourvus de gène de cassiicoline, bien que certains génèrent des symptômes modérés sur hévéa, ce qui suggère l'existence d'autres effecteurs. Des formes endophytiques de C. cassiicola ont été isolées à partir de feuilles asymptomatiques provenant du Brésil, zone encore indemne de CLF. Les gènes de cassiicoline portés par ces souches (isoformes Cas3 et 4) ne semblent pas exprimés lors de l'interaction avec l'hévéa. Nous avons montré par ailleurs que les champignons endophytes de l'hévéa appartenant aux genres Trichoderma et Xylaria présentent une forte activité mycoparasitaire sur C. cassiicola, in vitro. Ces travaux ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives pour le contrôle de la maladie (diagnostic précoce, sélection de clones tolérants, lutte biologique).
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Förderer, Alexander [Verfasser], Coupland [Gutachter] George, and Höcker [Gutachter] Ute. "Unequal genetic redundancy between the PcG proteins CLF and SWN has created distinct biochemical properties / Alexander Förderer ; Gutachter: Coupland George, Höcker Ute." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1196788529/34.
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Anhuaman, Laura Andrea Leon. "Fatores comportamentais, hormonais e neuroanatômicos associados à vulnerabilidade ao estresse em ratos Carioca High Conditioned-Freezing (CHF) e Carioca Low Conditioned-Freezing (CLF)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-03042014-174324/.
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A ansiedade e a depressão são as condições psicopatológicas mais comuns na atualidade. As pesquisas científicas em neurociência, psicologia, psiquiatria e medicina geral procuram encontrar diferentes formas para o tratamento e prevenção. No entanto, a maioria das pesquisas não leva em conta as diferenças individuais ou história do individuo. Quase toda a investigação farmacológica é feita em populações heterogêneas de animais, conduzindo assim à \"média\" dos dados. Recentemente, no Laboratório de Neurociência Comportamental na Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-RJ), duas novas linhagens de ratos Wistar foram selecionadas fenotipicamente da resposta emocional de congelamento em um teste de medo condicionado . Uma das linhagens, denominada Carioca High ConditionedFreezing (CHF), apresenta uma resposta significativamente aumentada de congelamento no teste, enquanto que a outra (Carioca Low Conditioned-Freezing, CLF) mostra uma resposta de congelamento baixa. Em todos os experimentos utilizamos a linhagem controle (Random, RND) Wistar resultado de cruzamento aleatório entre ratos Wistar. Aqui apresentamos dados de diversos experimentos que avaliaram as diferenças em condições basais e vulnerabilidade ao estresse entre as duas linhagens e a linhagem RND. A concentração plasmática de corticosterona dos ratos foi comparada entre as duas linhagens e o grupo RND, primeiramente no nível basal e posteriormente após a exposição ao mesmo teste, onde foram expostos ao medo condicionado, como estímulo aversivo. Também foi avaliada a proliferação celular e sobrevivência. A imuno-histoquímica para c-fos foi conduzida com o objetivo de se determinar as diferenças de atividade neural entre as duas linhagens e o grupo RND. Um teste farmacológico com ketanserina, antagonista 5-HT2A, foi realizado e os animais foram avaliados quanto à ansiedade e locomoção, no labirinto em cruz elevado. Todos os nossos resultados mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as linhagens selecionadas. Estes resultados sugerem que as diferentes condições basais podem ter impacto sobre a reação de comportamento exibido por cada animal. Assim, o uso de grupos selecionados é melhor para se modelar transtornos de ansiedade e procurar quais são caraterísticas que protegem aos animais que não apresentam os sintomas modelados. A partir dos nossos resultados foi evidente que os perfis comportamentais e neuroquímicos dos três grupos CHF, CLF e RND foram qualitativamente e quantitativamente diferentes. Na linha de base após ser fenotipados foi observado que existem diferenças na proliferação celular. Após a reexposição ao contexto observaram-se diferenças na concentração de corticosterona e na ativação neuronal. O estresse crônico levou a respostas diferenciais no número de neurônios imaturos, e o teste farmacológico levou a respostas diferencias tanto a nível local como sistêmico. Os dados obtidos podem ajudar a um melhor entendimento às bases neurobiológicas de aspectos associados às psicopatologias como ansiedade e depressão que estão relacionadas com a vulnerabilidade ao estresse.Anxiety and depression are the most common psychopathological conditions today. Scientific research in neuroscience, psychology, psychiatry and general medicine seeks to find different ways for treatment and prevention. However, most research does not take into account individual differences and history. Almost all pharmacological research is done in heterogeneous populations of animals, thereby leading to the \"average\" data. Recently, in the Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC - RJ), two new strains of rats were selected phenotypically by their emotional response (freezing) in a test of cond itioned fear. One of the lines, so called \"Carioca High Conditioned - Freezing\" (CHF) has an increased freezing in the test , whereas the other (\"Carioca Low -Conditioned Freezing \" CLF) shows low freezing response . In all experiments we used the Wistar control strain (RND) derived from random bred between Wistar rats. Here we present data from several experiments evaluating the differences in basal conditions and vulnerability to stress between the two strains and RND strain. The plasma corticosterone of rats was compared between the two lines and the RND group, first at baseline and then after exposure to the same test where the y were exposed to conditioned fear as aversive stimulus. We also analyzed the cell proliferation and survival in the hippocampus after chronic stress. Immunohistochemistry for c -fos was conducted in order to determine the differences in neural activity between the two strains and the RND group. A pharmacological test with ketanserin, 5 -HT2A antagonist, was performed and the animals were assessed for anxiety and locomotion in the elevated plus maze. All our results showed statistically significant differences between the selected strains. These results suggest that different baseline conditions may have an impact on the behavior exhibited by each animal. Thus the use of selected groups is better approach in order to model anxiety disorders and to determine which features prevent animal from presenting symptoms. It is evident that the neurochemical and behavioral profiles of the three groups CHF, CLF and RND were different qualitatively and quantitatively. At baseline after been phenotyped it has been observed that there are differences in cell proliferation and corticosterone concentration. After re-exposure to the context differences were observed in the concentration of corticosterone and neuronal activation. Chronic stress has led to differential responses in the number of immature neurons. And the pharmacological test led to differential responses at both local and systemic. The data obtained are useful for a better understanding of the neurobiological aspects associated with psychopathologies such as anxiety and depression that are associated with vulnerability to stress.
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Nobrega, Cristiano Turqueto. "Co-criação como fator crítico de sucesso para obtenção de CLV por meio de receita publicitária em redes sociais na internet no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/5541.
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-17T00:00:00ZHouve nos últimos anos uma rápida transformação do ambiente virtual que delineou a chamada Nova Economia, popularizando-se o fenomeno das dedes sociais virtuais que permitem e incentivam a criação de conteudo colaborativo a partir de seus proprios usuários visitantes ou participantes. Este novo modelo estendeu-se por toda a rede rapidamente e facilitou a conexão virtual entre pessoas, marcando uma nova era nas interações virtuais. Tal conexão foi denominada 'Web 2.0'. Nesse novo cenario o usuario interage com outras pessoas e pode rapidamente inserir-se em um grupo de referencia ou em uma tribo de pessoas interconectadas em rede pela internet. O usuario é tambem o principal criador do conteúdo de portais ou websites agora permeados de imputs externos e não mais restritos a conteudos criados de dentro para fora. Propomos entender como a co-criaçãoo de conteudo na Internet por meio de Redes Sociais pode impactar os resultados da empresa sob o ponto de vista de fidelização com o cliente no longo-prazo, ou seja, como ela impacta o tempo de vida de um cliente para a empresa e o consequente fluxo de caixa proporcionado por esse cliente ao longo do tempo. A co-criação aplicada ao conteúdo ou serviço de um website pode ser entendida como um fator crítico de sucesso para obtenção de CLV para as pontocom? Avaliaremos em que medida a introdução de uma Rede Social, contextualizada ao conteúdo de um portal na internet, proporciona maior engajamento do usuário, estimula ao desenvolvimento de conteúdos colaborativos criados pelo próprio usuário na plataforma do portal, favorece a prática de margens superiores a partir da veiculação publicitária e de que forma esse estímulo impacta o CLV obtido pela empresa.
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Ribeiro, Sébastien. "Rôle de la cassiicoline dans l'interaction compatible Hevea brasiliensis / Corynespora cassiicola : vers la sélection assistée par effecteur : Biologie végétale." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC010/document.
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L'hévéa (Hevea brasiliensis) est la seule source de caoutchouc naturel commercialisé à travers le monde. En Afrique et en Asie, la maladie 'Corynespora Leaf Fall' (CLF), causée par le champignon nécrotrophe Corynespora cassiicola, affecte les plantations hévéicoles en provoquant des défoliations massives sur les clones les plus sensibles. L’évaluation précoce de la sensibilité des clones dans les programmes de sélection est un enjeu majeur pour écarter les individus les plus sensibles des programmes de développement et ainsi réduire la pression de la maladie. Une des méthodes d’évaluation envisagée consiste à tester indirectement la sensibilité des clones aux effecteurs fongiques responsables de la virulence (test toxinique). Parmi tous les effecteurs potentiels du champignon identifiés in silico, seule la cassiicoline Cas1 a été purifiée et caractérisée à ce jour. Il s’agit d’une petite glycoprotéine sécrétée qui jouerait un rôle dans les phases précoces de l’infection en induisant la nécrose des tissus. Les souches porteuses du gène Cas1 sont parmi les plus agressives sur les clones d'hévéa testés. Néanmoins, certaines souches de C. cassiicola ne produisant pas de cassiicoline présentent tout de même une agressivité modérée, suggérant l'implication d'autres effecteurs dans l'établissement de la maladie CLF. Les objectifs de cette thèse sont (i) de déterminer si la sensibilité à la cassiicoline Cas1 est un critère de sélection pertinent pour identifier les clones d’hévéa les plus sensibles à la maladie CLF, et (ii) d’identifier chez l’hévéa des facteurs de sensibilité à la cassiicoline Cas1. Nous avons d'abord analysé l’inoculum naturel et montré que les souches porteuses du gène Cas1 représentent un quart de la population de C. cassiicola dans les plantations d’hévéa d’Afrique de l’Ouest, le reste étant majoritairement constitué de souches dépourvues du gène codant la cassiicoline (Type A/Cas0). Nous avons ensuite créé un mutant de délétion du gène Cas1 pour la souche de référence CCP et comparé sa virulence à celle de la souche sauvage. Nous avons ainsi pu montrer que la cassiicoline Cas1 est bien un effecteur de nécrotrophie déterminant pour la virulence de C. cassiicola chez l’hévéa puisque la souche délétée perd toute virulence sur les clones testés. Enfin, nous avons recherché chez l'hévéa des facteurs de sensibilité à la cassiicoline Cas1 à travers deux approches. La technique de "double hybride en levures" nous a permis d'identifier une trentaine de protéines candidates qui pourraient interagir physiquement avec la toxine. Une approche transcriptomique, nous a permis d’identifier les gènes d’hévéa dont l’expression est modifiée suite à l’application de la cassiicoline purifiée, en comparant un clone sensible (PB260) et un clone tolérant (RRIM600). En conclusion, ces travaux ont permis de mieux comprendre les mécanismes impliqués dans l'interaction compatible entre C. cassiicola et l'hévéa et ouvrent la voie de la sélection assistée par effecteurThe rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is the primary commercial source of natural rubber worldwide. In Asia and Africa, H. brasiliensis is affected by the Corynespora leaf fall (CLF) disease, caused by the broad-spectrum necrotrophic fungus Corynespora cassiicola. During severe attacks, massive fall of young leaves can occur in susceptible cultivars. Early evaluation of the susceptibility of rubber clones in breeding programs is required to avoid developing highly susceptible clones that would amplify the disease. An indirect phenotyping procedure envisaged consists in testing the sensitivity to the fungal toxins (or effectors) rather than the susceptibility to the fungus itself (toxin test). Among all putative effectors identified in silico, only cassiicolin Cas1 has been purified and characterized to date. This small secreted glycoprotein was for long suspected to play a role in the early phase of infection by inducing tissue necrosis. Strains carrying the Cas1 gene are the most aggressive on tested rubber clones. However, strains without cassiicolin gene (called Cas0) still show moderate aggressiveness, suggesting the existence of effectors other than cassiicolin. The objectives of this study are (i) to determine if susceptibility to cassiicolin Cas1 is a relevant selection criterion to eliminate the rubber clones most susceptible to CLF disease, and (ii) identify molecular factors involved in the sensitivity to Cas1, in rubber tree. We have thus analyzed the typology of a large set of C. cassiicola isolates collected from various rubber plantations in West Africa. Our results show that isolates carrying the cassiicolin isoform Cas1 are widely represented, but that the most represented type (A/Cas0) are isolates without cassiicolin gene. Here we show that deletion of the cassiicolin gene in the isolate CCP resulted in a total loss of virulence. This clearly demonstrated that cassiicolin is indeed a necrotrophic effector required for the virulence of isolate CCP in rubber tree. Finally, we have investigated susceptibility factors to cassiicolin Cas1 on rubber tree with two different approaches. We identified about thirty candidate proteins that could physically interact with the toxin, through the two-hybrid assay. A transcriptomic approach allowed us to identify the rubber genes differentially expressed in response to the purified cassiicolin, comparing a susceptible clone (PB260) and a tolerant clone (RRIM600). In conclusion, we think that the necrotrophic effector Cas1 can be an interesting tool for effector-based selection of tolerant clones for African plantations; however, efforts should also be placed on A/Cas0 isolates, in order to identify potential necrotrophic effector(s) responsible for their virulence. This would enlarge the potential of effector-based selection
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Elinder, Zacharias, and Jonas Berglöf. "Med kunden i fokus? : En studie av hur kundklubbar påverkar verksamheten inom svenska företag." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-107566.
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Varje dag använder sig miljontals svenskar av någon form av medlems- eller kundklubbskort när de handlar i butik, kontaktar en kundtjäst eller loggar in på ett företags hemsida. Motiven till detta kan förstås vara olika - det kan vara smidigt, lönsamt eller nödvändigt för att överhuvudtaget få den hjälp och service man önskar. För företagen är denna registrering å andra sidan ett effektivt sätt att samla information om sina kunder som ett led i deras lojalitetsskapande arbete mot kund. Tidigare, internationella studier av CRM visar dock på att företagen inte utnyttjar den information de har om kunder för att verkligen styra verksamheten.
Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera om detta är ett aktuellt problem även bland svenska företag genom en enkätundersökning riktad till CRM- och kundklubbsansvariga vid svenska företag. Denna undersökning har utarbetats utifrån Cuthbertsons tre kriterier för att avgöra om en organisation är kundorienterade eller ej.
Resultat visar att de flesta företag som deltog i studien inte använder informationen man samlar in från kunderna i någon större utsträckning. Däremot visar resulataten att företag med äldre kundklubbar samt med höga medlemsantal generellt är bättre på att sprida och använda den kunskap som kundklubben samlar in. Skälen till att kundinformation inte används i större utsträckning beror enligt vår analys på frånvaron av fungerande intern infrastrauktur för att sprida inhämtad kunddata, kundklubben har för få medlemmar och låg ålder vilket påverkar dess interna status samt att kundklubben främst betraktas som ett register för riktad marknadsföring snarare än som ett redskap för att styra företagens verksamhet i stort.
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Mahmoud, Nawrous Ibrahim. "A Backstepping Design of a Control System for a Magnetic Levitation System." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1960.
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The subject of this thesis is the design of a control law for a magnetic levitation system, which in this case is the system 33-210. The method used is backstepping technique and specifically adaptive observer backstepping due to parameter uncertainties and lack of access to all the states of the system. The second state of the system, the speed of the steel ball, was estimated by a reduced order observer. The model used gave us the opportunity to estimate a parameter which in the literature is denoted virtual control coefficient. Backstepping method gives us a rather straight forward way to design the controlling unit for a system with these properties. Stabilization of the closed-loop system is achieved by incorporating a Lypapunov function, which were chose a quadratic one in this thesis. If thederivative of this function is rendered negative definite by the control law, then we achieve stability. The results of the design were evaluated in simulations and real-time measurements by testing the tracking performance of the system. The simulation results were very promising and the validations in real-time were satisfying. Note that this has been done in previous studies; the new aspect here is the limitation of the voltage input. The real-time results showed that the parameter estimation converges only locally.
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Galvão, Amanda Carla Acipreste [UNESP]. "Diagnóstico de situação epidemiológica da Leishmaniose visceral canina em Rio Verde-GO." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136275.
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A Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) preocupa as autoridades sanitárias devido ao aumento de sua incidência nos últimos anos, aliado ao fato da situação epidemiológica da enfermidade ser desconhecida na maioria das regiões. Desta forma, o presente estudo objetou realizar o diagnóstico de situação epidemiológica da leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) no Município de Rio Verde/GO. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida em bairros pré-definidos da região norte do município com a avaliação das condições das três esferas da saúde (animal, humana e ambiental) relacionadas à LVC, por meio de questionários semiestruturados com a participação dos tutores dos animais; a avaliação clínica dos cães e classificação segundo a sintomatologia; a realização do diagnóstico sorológico (ELISA, RIFI e TR DPP) e o geoprocessamento da localidade dos cães reagentes. Na avaliação das condições da saúde animal, os resultados evidenciaram superpopulação canina, especialmente aqueles animais considerados sem controle de mobilidade e sem supervisão, com trânsito livre, sem assistência médicoveterinária. Com relação à saúde humana, destacou-se o convívio íntimo entre o ser humano e o seu animal de estimação, além do agravante do desconhecimento da enfermidade pela população, de seus mecanismos de transmissão, de controle e de prevenção. Sob o olhar ambiental, observou-se problemas de infraestrutura, sendo a falta de saneamento básico a principal delas, além da presença de árvores frutíferas e animais de produção favorecendo o acúmulo de matéria orgânica, facilitando e promovendo o desenvolvimento do vetor. A classificação segundo a avaliação clínica dos cães reagentes (ELISA e RIFI) foi de 65% (13/20) assintomáticos e 35% (7/20) oligossintomáticos. Na avaliação sorológica, 10,38% (55/530) foram reagentes no ELISA, desses 36,37% (20/55) foram reagentes também na RIFI, e desses todas (17/17) as amostras foram consideradas não reagentes no TR DPP®. Os cães positivos no ELISA e RIFI estavam localizados em moradias próximas, reforçando os resultados dos testes. A população, cão e ser humano, e a região estudada apresentam características favoráveis ao desenvolvimento da LVC. Desta forma, existe a necessidade de profissionais capacitados para realizar diagnóstico preciso da enfermidade, iniciando as ações de controle e prevenção, aliado à readequação do protocolo de diagnóstico, pelas autoridades competentes, para as diferentes situações epidemiológicas.
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is a concern to sanitary authorities due increase on incidence observed recently and lack of knowledge about the disease epidemiological situation in most regions. So, this study focused on to perform epidemiological diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis situation in Rio Verde Municipality, state of Goiás, Brazil. For this purpose, the research was performed in pre-selected neighborhoods in the north region of the municipality embracing all three areas in health (animals, human beings and environment) related to CVL using semi-structured questionnaires to animals’ owners, clinical evaluation of animals and classification according to clinical signs, serological diagnosis (ELISA, RIFI and TR DPP) and geospatial analyses of positive dogs. ). A canine overpopulation, especially on those animals that lives free in streets, without supervision of owners and veterinaries were highlighted. In relation to human health, the close contact among humans and animals and the ignorance about this disease epidemiology, prevention and control by the population were shown. About the environmental situation, infrastructural problems, as the needs of basic sanitation, were observed. Also, fruit trees and production animals’ presence were observed, which favors organic matter accumulation and allows the vector’s development. The clinical classification of the reagents animals (ELISA and RIFI) was 65% (13/20) asymptomatic and 35% (7/20) oligosymptomatic during evaluation on CI. On serological evaluation, 10.38% (55/530) were positive on ELISA and from these animals, 36.37% (20/55) were also positive on RIFI. None of the samples were considered as positive on TR DPP®. The animals considered as positives in ELISA and RIFI were located in nearby houses agreeing with the results of serological tests. The human beings and canine populations in the studied areas have favorable characteristics for the development of CVL. So, trained professionals to perform the disease accurate diagnosis, beginning actions to control and prevention, thus a adjustment of diagnostic protocol, by authorities, to different epidemiological situation.
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Ljungehed, Jesper. "Predicting Customer Churn Using Recurrent Neural Networks." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210670.
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Churn prediction is used to identify customers that are becoming less loyal and is an important tool for companies that want to stay competitive in a rapidly growing market. In retail, a dynamic definition of churn is needed to identify churners correctly. Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) is the monetary value of a customer relationship. No change in CLV for a given customer indicates a decrease in loyalty. This thesis proposes a novel approach to churn prediction. The proposed model uses a Recurrent Neural Network to identify churners based on Customer Lifetime Value time series regression. The results show that the model performs better than random. This thesis also investigated the use of the K-means algorithm as a replacement to a rule-extraction algorithm. The K-means algorithm contributed to a more comprehensive analytical context regarding the churn prediction of the proposed model.Illojalitet prediktering används för att identifiera kunder som är påväg att bli mindre lojala och är ett hjälpsamt verktyg för att ett företag ska kunna driva en konkurrenskraftig verksamhet. I detaljhandel behöves en dynamisk definition av illojalitet för att korrekt kunna identifera illojala kunder. Kundens livstidsvärde är ett mått på monetärt värde av en kundrelation. En avstannad förändring av detta värde indikerar en minskning av kundens lojalitet. Denna rapport föreslår en ny metod för att utföra illojalitet prediktering. Den föreslagna metoden består av ett återkommande neuralt nätverk som används för att identifiera illojalitet hos kunder genom att prediktera kunders livstidsvärde. Resultaten visar att den föreslagna modellen presterar bättre jämfört med slumpmässig metod. Rapporten undersöker också användningen av en k-medelvärdesalgoritm som ett substitut för en regelextraktionsalgoritm. K-medelsalgoritm bidrog till en mer omfattande analys av illojalitet predikteringen.
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François, Patrice. "Le fibrinogène : contribution dans l'infection sur corps étrangers." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132032.
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Les staphylocoques reconnaissent certaines proteines plasmatiques adsorbees sur les biomateriaux grace a des recepteurs specifiques appeles adhesines, presents a leur surface. Nous avons etudie la composante d'adherence au fibrinogene de staphylococcus aureus (nommee clfa), qui jusqu'ici n'etait pas caracterisee. En collaboration avec un laboratoire de biologie moleculaire, nous avons selectionne des bacteries mutantes, incapables de former des amas en presence de fibrinogene soluble ou d'adherer au fibrinogene depose sur une surface. L'etude de ces mutants a permis de cloner et de sequencer le gene de l'adhesine du fibrinogene. Dans un circuit extra-corporel de circulation sanguine chez l'animal, nous avons determine que le fibrinogene depose sur les materiaux artificiels stimulait l'adherence bacterienne. Un modele d'endocardite experimentale chez le rat a revele que l'adhesine du fibrinogene favorise la colonisation des valves cardiaques par les staphylocoques. Deux strategies visant a reduire l'adherence ou la colonisation des catheters par les staphylocoques ont ete etudiees: (a) une modification de la surface des catheters en polyurethanne, par un traitement a la polyvinylpyrrolidone, reduisant la deposition des proteines plasmatiques sur les materiaux ; (b) l'impregnation des catheters par des agents antimicrobiens ayant un effet bactericide sur les bacteries adherentes. L'importance des resultats obtenus sur la caracterisation de l'adhesine de s. Aureus au fibrinogene et sa contribution, in vitro et in vivo, a l'attachement bacterien permet d'envisager des strategies anti-adhesives specifiques. Ces strategies pourraient devenir une precieuse alternative aux antibiotiques, surtout en presence de souches multiresistantes a ces composes
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Nascimento, Neto Luiz Gonzaga do. "Efeito pró-cicatrizante do triterpeno 3β,6β,16β-Trihydroxylup-20(29)-ENE (CLF-1) isolado de folhas de Combretum leprosum e atividade antitumoral de uma lectina isolada da esponja marinha Haliclona caerulea." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18838.
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NASCIMENTO NETO, Luiz Gonzaga do. Efeito pró-cicatrizante do triterpeno 3β,6β,16β-Trihydroxylup-20(29)-ENE (CLF-1) isolado de folhas de Combretum leprosum e atividade antitumoral de uma lectina isolada da esponja marinha Haliclona caerulea. 2016. 222 f. Tese (Doutorado em biotecnologia)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2016.Submitted by Elineudson Ribeiro (elineudsonr@gmail.com) on 2016-07-20T15:18:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_lgnascimentoneto.pdf: 22046344 bytes, checksum: 600f128ecb5cd0e1955d6d9c7d1c643d (MD5)
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The number of cases of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic wounds has increasing every year. In this sense, wound healing has become one the major dermatological problems. Secondary metabolites from plants have been used in several assays as promising molecules on various diseases attracted importance on treatment of various diseases. However, there are few data about it effect on wound healing. Combretum leprosum Mart. is a native species of the Caatinga and its ethanolic extract is commonly used as a healing agent, as a sedative and treatment of haemorrhages. A of the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of triterpene 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (CLF-1) isolated from ethanolic extract from the leaves of Combretum leprosum on skin wounds induced in vitro and in vivo lesions was avaluated. In vitro assay, the CLF-1 (2.5 μg/mL) not showed toxicity to human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Moreover, the CLF-1 induced fibroblasts migration to the healing of the artificial injury with most effectiveness than control at 24h. In addition, the molecular mechanism of the CLF-1 treatment was studied. The results suggest that migration of fibroblasts occurs by upregulated expression of TGF-β1 and reduced levels of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. In the in vivo study, experimental skin lesions were created in the back of mice and treatment with the ethanolic extract from C. leprosum (EECL) and CLF-1 was evaluated for 12 days. The treatment with EECL and CLF-1 induced a faster and more effective epithelialization when compared to control. The histopathological assessment showed that EECL and CLF-1 has similar profiles during the regenerative process. This result suggest that probably the active component in the EECL may be CLF-1. Beyond of the spend about the wound healing chronic diseases as cancer are estimated as one of the main causes of dead and one of the main spending factors to the health systems. The conventional treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy and radio are effective against primary tumors, hence not have the same effect in the later stages of the disease. In this sense, several biomolecules has attracted interest from the researchers because its antitumor potential. Marine sponjes are a biological reservoir of biomolecules, especially lectins. Lectins are proteins that bind reversibel way to carbohydrate epitops without modified them. Unlike plant lectins, there are few reports describing the mechanism of action of lectins from marine sponges to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. The effect of a lectin isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona caerulea (H3) on human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line was evaluated. H3 caused MCF7 cell reduction of viability in more than 50% (IC50=100 μg/ml) at 6h, 24h and 48h. However, on normal cells, the treatment with H3 induced a reduction in over 50% only at the highest dose tested (500 μg/ml). Furthermore, H3 provoke arrest in the G1 cell cycle phase and induce MCF7 cells apoptosis in 24h and 48h. Lysotracker Red and real-time qPCR assays suggest that effect of H3 may be related to a dynamic balance between apoptosis and autophagic cell death mediated by increase of expression of caspase-9 and LC3. In conclusion, the results suggest that CLF-1 and H3 lectin may be promising biomolecules to treatment of acute and chronic wounds and rare diseases like cancers.
O número de casos de morbimortalidade em pacientes com feridas crônicas vem aumentando a cada ano. Nesse sentido, a cicatrização de feridas tem se tornado um dos principais problemas dermatológicos. Metabólitos secundários de plantas tem sido utilizados em vários estudos como moléculas promissoras no tratamento de várias patologias. Entretanto, são poucos os dados sobre seu efeito na cicatrização de feridas. Combretum leprosum Mart. é uma planta nativa da Caatinga e seu extrato etanólico é bastante utilizado na medicina popular para cicatrização de feridas, como sedativo ou tratamento de hemorragias. Um dos objetivos do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do triterpeno 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20 (29)-ene (CLF-1) isolado do extrato etanólico de folhas de Combretum leprosum sobre lesões induzidas in vitro e in vivo. No ensaio in vitro, o CLF-1 (2,5 μg/mL) não apresentou toxicidade a fibroblastos dermais humanos (HDF). Além disso, o CLF-1 induziu a migração de fibroblastos para o fechamento da lesão artificial de maneira mais efetiva, comparado ao controle, em 24h. Além disso, o mecanismo molecular do efeito do CLF-1 foi estudado. Os resultados sugerem que a migração de fibroblastos pode ocorrer pelo aumento da expressão de TGF-β1 e redução nos níveis da citocina inflamatória TNF-α. No estudo in vivo, lesões experimentais foram induzidas na região dorsal de camundongos e o tratamento com o extrato etanólico de C. leprosum (EECL) e CLF-1 foi avaliado por um periodo de 12 dias. Os tratamentos com EECL e CLF-1 induziram uma reepitelização mais rápida e efetiva em comparação ao controle. O estudo histopatológico mostrou que EECL e CLF-1 apresentam perfis similares durante o processo regenerativo. Esses resultados sugerem que, provavelmente o componente ativo no EECL possa ser o CLF-1. Além dos elevados custos relacionados a cicatrização de feridas, patologias crônicas como o câncer são estimados como uma das principais causas de morte e um dos principais fatores dispendiosos para os sistemas de saúde. Os tratamentos convencionais como cirurgia, quimioterapia e radioterapia são efetivos contra tumores primários, contudo, não possuem o mesmo efeito nos estágios mais avançados da doença. Nesse sentido, muitas biomoléculas tem atraído interesse da comunidade científica devido ao seu potencial antitumoral. Esponjas marinhas são consideradas reservas biológicas de várias biomoléculas, sobretudo lectinas. Lectinas são proteínas que se ligam a carboidratos de maneira reversível sem alterar sua estrutura. De modo diferente como relação a lectinas de plantas, há poucos relatos na literatura descrevendo o mecanismo de ação de lectinas de esponjas sobre a indução de apoptose de células tumorais. O efeito antitumoral de uma lectina isolada da esponja marinha Haliclona caerulea (H3) sobre células do adenocarcinoma de mama humano MCF7 foi avaliado. H3 induziu a redução da viabilidade celular de MCF7 em mais de 50% (IC50=100 μg/mL) em 6h, 24h e 48h. Contudo, sobre células normais, o tratamento com H3 induziu a redução em mais de 50%, apenas na maior dose testada (500 μg/mL). Além disso, H3 provoca arraste no ciclo celular na fase G1 e induz apoptose das células MCF7 em 24 e 48h. Ensaios utilizando Lysotracker Red e PCR em tempo-real sugerem que o efeito de H3 pode estar relacionado a um balanço dinâmico entre apoptose e autofagia, mediados pelo aumento da expressão de caspase-9 e LC3. Em conclusão, os resultados sugerem que o CLF-1 e H3 podem ser biomoléculas promissoras para o tratamento de feridas agudas e crônicas e enfermidades como câncer.
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Wakabayashi, Muroya José Luis. "La Aplicación del Valor de Vida del Cliente en la Gestión de la Relación con el Distribuidor en Empresas de Consumo Masivo de Productos Empaquetados de Lima, Perú. Un Estudio de Casos Múltiple." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9185.
Full textAbstract:
La gestió de la relació amb el client (CRM) és el procés en què es creen relacions amb els clients i altres actors al llarg de les seves vides. Així, a la base d'aquest procés hi ha el concepte de CLV, conegut com el valor del cicle de vida del client (customer lifetime value), que permet calcular tant el valor net del client com la seva rendibilitat per a l'empresa. Aquesta tesi destaca el fet que el màrqueting teòric ha desenvolupat diferents camps d'aplicació per afrontar el procés de CRM. Un d'aquests, que cada vegada és més important, és la gestió de la relació amb el canal de distribució.
Aquesta tesi és un intent per cobrir el buit que hi ha en la recerca de màrqueting sobre aquest tema i esbrinar el veritable paper del CLV en un context concret d'aplicació: les empreses de consum de masses de Lima i els seus distribuïdors. Aquest camp resta gairebé inexplorat i ha estat poc investigat, malgrat que el procés de CMR en el mercat de masses i la relació amb els distribuïdors constitueixen importants camps d'aplicació per al CLV.
A partir de l'anàlisi de casos de tres diferents empreses peruanes, mitjançant entrevistes i observacions realitzades al seu personal, aquesta tesi investiga l'aplicació del CLV com a concepte clau i com a eina de mesurament en els processos de gestió de la relació (CRM) amb els seus canals de distribució o intermediaris.
L'estudi s'ha dut a terme al Perú perquè aquest país té unes característiques similars als altres països llatinoamericans i la regió gairebé no disposa de cap recerca en CMR. Per això, aquest treball espera proporcionar informació significativa sobre l'aplicació del concepte dogmàtic de CMR.
La tesi argüeix que, malgrat que l'evolució cap a una aproximació relacional del màrqueting s'ha estès, la pràctica encara difereix de la teoria en molts mercats, com s'ha observat a les tres empreses estudiades. Per aquest motiu, aquest treball de recerca pot constituir un punt de partida per a investigacions més profundes en la matèria.
La gestión de la relación con el cliente (CRM) es el proceso en el que se crean relaciones con los clientes y otros actores a lo largo de sus vidas. Así, en la base de ese proceso se encuentra el concepto del CLV, conocido como valor de ciclo de vida del cliente (customer lifetime value), que permite calcular tanto el valor neto del cliente y su rentabilidad para la empresa.
Esta tesis pone resalta el hecho de que el marketing teórico ha desarrollado diferentes campos de aplicación para encarar el proceso de CRM. Una de estas, y cada vez más importante, es la gestión de relación con el canal de distribución. Además, puesto que este tema constituye un vacío en la investigación de marketing, esta tesis constituye un intento para reducirlo y averiguar el verdadero papel del CLV en un contexto particular de aplicación: las empresas de consumo masivo de Lima y sus distribuidores. Este campo permanece casi inexplorado y cuenta con escasa investigación a pesar de que el proceso de CMR en el mercado masivo y la relación con los distribuidores constituyen importantes campos de aplicación para el CLV.
Mediante el análisis de casos de tres diferentes empresas peruanas, mediante entrevistas y observaciones realizadas al personal de las mismas, esta tesis investiga la aplicación del CLV como concepto clave y como herramienta de medición en los procesos de gestión de la relación (CRM) con sus canales de distribución o intermediarios. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en Perú porque este país comparte características similares con el resto de países latinoamericanos y esta región casi no cuenta con investigación en CMR. Por ello este trabajo espera brindar información significativa sobre la aplicación del concepto dogmatico de CMR.
Esta tesis arguye que a pesar de que la evolución hacia una aproximación relacional del marketing se ha extendido, todavía la práctica difiere de la teoría en muchos mercados, como se ha observado en las tres compañías estudiadas, por tal razón el presente trabajo de investigación puede constituir un punto de partida para investigaciones más profundas al respecto.
The customer relationship management (CRM) is the process where relationships with customers and other actors are created throughout their lifecycle. Therefore, in the very foundations of this process is CLV, a key concept known as well as customer lifetime value, that allows estimating not only the customer net value over a long period of time , but also his profitability for the company.
This dissertation remarks the fact that theoretical Marketing has developed different fields of application to face the complex process of CRM. One of them, in increasing importance, is the CRM with the distribution channel. Since this issue means a gap in marketing research, this dissertation constitutes an attempt to reduce it and find out the very role of CLV when CRM takes place in a particular context of application: massive consume companies from Lima and their distributors. This field is almost unexplored and has little research despite the fact that CRM process in the massive market and the relationship with distributors constitute important fields of application for the CLV.
Through an analysis of three cases of different Peruvian companies, by interviewing their staff, this dissertation investigates the application of CLV as a key concept and as a measuring tool for CRM process with the distribution channel or intermediaries. This study took place in Peru because this country has similar characteristics with the rest of Latin American countries and this region has almost no research in CRM process. That is why this dissertation expects to add significant information about the application of the dogmatic concept of CRM.
This dissertation argues that despite the fact that an evolutional shift to a Marketing relationship approach is extended around the world, theory and practice still differs each other in a number of markets, as it is observed in the companies selected to this research. Thus this study could be the starting point of more and deeper research about it.
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Lorthios, Julie. "Endommagement des aciers TWIP pour application automobile." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00689791.
Full textAbstract:
Grâce à l'optimisation de l'effet TWIP (Twinning Induced Plasticity) et à la maîtrise de la microstructure (basse énergie de défaut d'empilement, austénite stable à grains fins), les aciers austénitiques Fe-Mn-C combinent une excellente ductilité à une résistance mécanique élevée. L'étude s'intéresse aux paramètres mécaniques critiques menant à la rupture ductile en mode slant (biseau dans l'épaisseur) et aux aspects physiques de l'endommagement dans le but de déterminer un critère de rupture quantitatif. Le comportement plastique de l'acier TWIP présente un caractère anisotrope et cinématique avec une déformation hétérogène en traction uniaxiale due à un mécanisme de pseudo-vieillissement dynamique. Après avoir déterminé la loi de comportement, la courbe limite de formage a pu être établie par comparaison entre résultats expérimentaux et prédictions du modèle mécanique, dans une large gamme de triaxialité des contraintes. Quel que soit le mode de déformation considéré, la rupture s'effectue brutalement en mode slant sans striction localisée. Peu d'endommagement, y compris en trois dimensions, a été observé autour des zones de rupture. Un critère de rupture phénoménologique basé sur la contrainte équivalente et sur l'angle de Lode, redéfinis tous deux dans l'équivalent de Barlat, permet de prédire de façon correcte la formabilité de l'acier TWIP. L'influence de la pression hydrostatique et du mécanisme de pseudo vieillissement dynamique sur la courbe limite de formage est discutée.
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Oliveira, Natalia Lima de. "Sistema de Balanceamento Dinâmico Embarcado nos Controladores dos Poços de Produção por Bombeio Mecânico." Instituto de Matemática. Departamento de Mecatrônica, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/21329.
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A Unidade de Bombeio Mecânico (UBM) é um dos equipamentos mais utilizados na produção de petróleo. Ele sofre com efeitos de desbalanceamento devido às características das cargas aplicadas e aos desgastes mecânicos causados ao longo do tempo por conta do esforço repetitivo que exerce. O desbalanceamento dos equipamentos é um dos principais efeitos usualmente estudados pela academia e indústria em função do grande impacto que provocam na durabilidade dos equipamentos. Este trabalho propõe um sistema capaz de balancear dinamicamente uma UBM através de algoritmos embarcados no controlador lógico programável do inversor de frequência, utilizado no controle de UBMs automatizadas. Para a detecção do desbalanceamento, duas formas indiretas de avaliar esse efeito foram abordados: o Fator de Carga Cíclica (CLF – Ciclic Load Factor) e análise de vibrações, através da Transformada Discreta de Fourier, ambos utilizando a variável torque. O CLF foi o critério escolhido para validação experimental do sistema. Em uma abordagem convencional, o CLF é calculado a cada ciclo de bombeio, mas tal estratégia não permite a atuação para o controle instantâneo da velocidade, que deve ser baseado na minimização do CLF. Para tanto, este trabalho propõe a aplicação de conceito baseado em janela deslizante, permitindo o cálculo de CLF a cada nova amostra. Esta abordagem permitiu também superar as limitações encontradas nos sistemas de inversão de frequência necessários à implementação da solução proposta neste trabalho. A atuação no controle de velocidade do motor usado no sistema de bombeio mecânico naturalmente pode interferir a capacidade do sistema de bombeio. Uma avaliação dessa capacidade foi implementada de forma a demonstrar a aplicabilidade do método de controle de desbalanceamento. Os resultados alcançados mostram que o sistema desenvolvido é capaz de minimizar o CLF através de um controle de velocidade, essencialmente, sem perda na capacidade do sistema de bombeio. Os testes foram realizados em bancada e validados na planta disponibilizadas pelo Laboratório de Elevação Artificial da Universidade Federal da Bahia
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Neto, Luiz Gonzaga do Nascimento. "Efeito prÃ-cicatrizante do triterpeno 3β,6β,16β-Trihydroxylup-20(29)-ENE (CLF-1) isolado de folhas de Combretum leprosum e atividade antitumoral de uma lectina isolada da esponja marinha Haliclona caerulea." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=17111.
Full textAbstract:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorThe number of cases of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic wounds has increasing every year. In this sense, wound healing has become one the major dermatological problems. Secondary metabolites from plants have been used in several assays as promising molecules on various diseases attracted importance on treatment of various diseases. However, there are few data about it effect on wound healing. Combretum leprosum Mart. is a native species of the Caatinga and its ethanolic extract is commonly used as a healing agent, as a sedative and treatment of haemorrhages. A of the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of triterpene 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (CLF-1) isolated from ethanolic extract from the leaves of Combretum leprosum on skin wounds induced in vitro and in vivo lesions was avaluated. In vitro assay, the CLF-1 (2.5 μg/mL) not showed toxicity to human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Moreover, the CLF-1 induced fibroblasts migration to the healing of the artificial injury with most effectiveness than control at 24h. In addition, the molecular mechanism of the CLF-1 treatment was studied. The results suggest that migration of fibroblasts occurs by upregulated expression of TGF-β1 and reduced levels of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. In the in vivo study, experimental skin lesions were created in the back of mice and treatment with the ethanolic extract from C. leprosum (EECL) and CLF-1 was evaluated for 12 days. The treatment with EECL and CLF-1 induced a faster and more effective epithelialization when compared to control. The histopathological assessment showed that EECL and CLF-1 has similar profiles during the regenerative process. This result suggest that probably the active component in the EECL may be CLF-1. Beyond of the spend about the wound healing chronic diseases as cancer are estimated as one of the main causes of dead and one of the main spending factors to the health systems. The conventional treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy and radio are effective against primary tumors, hence not have the same effect in the later stages of the disease. In this sense, several biomolecules has attracted interest from the researchers because its antitumor potential. Marine sponjes are a biological reservoir of biomolecules, especially lectins. Lectins are proteins that bind reversibel way to carbohydrate epitops without modified them. Unlike plant lectins, there are few reports describing the mechanism of action of lectins from marine sponges to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. The effect of a lectin isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona caerulea (H3) on human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line was evaluated. H3 caused MCF7 cell reduction of viability in more than 50% (IC50=100 μg/ml) at 6h, 24h and 48h. However, on normal cells, the treatment with H3 induced a reduction in over 50% only at the highest dose tested (500 μg/ml). Furthermore, H3 provoke arrest in the G1 cell cycle phase and induce MCF7 cells apoptosis in 24h and 48h. Lysotracker Red and real-time qPCR assays suggest that effect of H3 may be related to a dynamic balance between apoptosis and autophagic cell death mediated by increase of expression of caspase-9 and LC3. In conclusion, the results suggest that CLF-1 and H3 lectin may be promising biomolecules to treatment of acute and chronic wounds and rare diseases like cancers.
O nÃmero de casos de morbimortalidade em pacientes com feridas crÃnicas vem aumentando a cada ano. Nesse sentido, a cicatrizaÃÃo de feridas tem se tornado um dos principais problemas dermatolÃgicos. MetabÃlitos secundÃrios de plantas tem sido utilizados em vÃrios estudos como molÃculas promissoras no tratamento de vÃrias patologias. Entretanto, sÃo poucos os dados sobre seu efeito na cicatrizaÃÃo de feridas. Combretum leprosum Mart. à uma planta nativa da Caatinga e seu extrato etanÃlico à bastante utilizado na medicina popular para cicatrizaÃÃo de feridas, como sedativo ou tratamento de hemorragias. Um dos objetivos do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do triterpeno 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20 (29)-ene (CLF-1) isolado do extrato etanÃlico de folhas de Combretum leprosum sobre lesÃes induzidas in vitro e in vivo. No ensaio in vitro, o CLF-1 (2,5 μg/mL) nÃo apresentou toxicidade a fibroblastos dermais humanos (HDF). AlÃm disso, o CLF-1 induziu a migraÃÃo de fibroblastos para o fechamento da lesÃo artificial de maneira mais efetiva, comparado ao controle, em 24h. AlÃm disso, o mecanismo molecular do efeito do CLF-1 foi estudado. Os resultados sugerem que a migraÃÃo de fibroblastos pode ocorrer pelo aumento da expressÃo de TGF-β1 e reduÃÃo nos nÃveis da citocina inflamatÃria TNF-α. No estudo in vivo, lesÃes experimentais foram induzidas na regiÃo dorsal de camundongos e o tratamento com o extrato etanÃlico de C. leprosum (EECL) e CLF-1 foi avaliado por um periodo de 12 dias. Os tratamentos com EECL e CLF-1 induziram uma reepitelizaÃÃo mais rÃpida e efetiva em comparaÃÃo ao controle. O estudo histopatolÃgico mostrou que EECL e CLF-1 apresentam perfis similares durante o processo regenerativo. Esses resultados sugerem que, provavelmente o componente ativo no EECL possa ser o CLF-1. AlÃm dos elevados custos relacionados a cicatrizaÃÃo de feridas, patologias crÃnicas como o cÃncer sÃo estimados como uma das principais causas de morte e um dos principais fatores dispendiosos para os sistemas de saÃde. Os tratamentos convencionais como cirurgia, quimioterapia e radioterapia sÃo efetivos contra tumores primÃrios, contudo, nÃo possuem o mesmo efeito nos estÃgios mais avanÃados da doenÃa. Nesse sentido, muitas biomolÃculas tem atraÃdo interesse da comunidade cientÃfica devido ao seu potencial antitumoral. Esponjas marinhas sÃo consideradas reservas biolÃgicas de vÃrias biomolÃculas, sobretudo lectinas. Lectinas sÃo proteÃnas que se ligam a carboidratos de maneira reversÃvel sem alterar sua estrutura. De modo diferente como relaÃÃo a lectinas de plantas, hà poucos relatos na literatura descrevendo o mecanismo de aÃÃo de lectinas de esponjas sobre a induÃÃo de apoptose de cÃlulas tumorais. O efeito antitumoral de uma lectina isolada da esponja marinha Haliclona caerulea (H3) sobre cÃlulas do adenocarcinoma de mama humano MCF7 foi avaliado. H3 induziu a reduÃÃo da viabilidade celular de MCF7 em mais de 50% (IC50=100 μg/mL) em 6h, 24h e 48h. Contudo, sobre cÃlulas normais, o tratamento com H3 induziu a reduÃÃo em mais de 50%, apenas na maior dose testada (500 μg/mL). AlÃm disso, H3 provoca arraste no ciclo celular na fase G1 e induz apoptose das cÃlulas MCF7 em 24 e 48h. Ensaios utilizando Lysotracker Red e PCR em tempo-real sugerem que o efeito de H3 pode estar relacionado a um balanÃo dinÃmico entre apoptose e autofagia, mediados pelo aumento da expressÃo de caspase-9 e LC3. Em conclusÃo, os resultados sugerem que o CLF-1 e H3 podem ser biomolÃculas promissoras para o tratamento de feridas agudas e crÃnicas e enfermidades como cÃncer.
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Bellová, Simona. "Hodnota životního cyklu zákazníka." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371848.
Full textAbstract:
Diploma thesis is focusing on issues of a customer lifetime value in the construction company and in the companies in general. Theoretical part is focusing on the importance of customer value in the company and on various types of calculations of customer lifetime value. Practical part is describing specific calculations of customer lifetime value in the construction company, their analysis and evaluations.
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Hlaváčová, Linda. "Možnosti optimalizace životního cyklu zákazníka e-shopu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193163.
Full textAbstract:
If the e-shop wants to have loyal customers, they have to begin actively build the relationship with them. This master thesis discusses the methods by which can e-shop start working on building a strong customer relationship and put it in the context of modern trends in online marketing and current advanced communication technologies. Customer lifecycle optimisation which is closely related with data analysis, communication, online marketing and business process improving is not yet very known topic in the Czech Republic. It is so despite the methods aren't difficult to learn new tools or other entry barriers. Master thesis should provide the e-shop owners and their marketers with comprehensive guide how to apply the knowledge about the customer lifecycle to their e-shop.
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Ben, tahar Mehdi. "Contribution à l'étude et la simulation du procédé l'hydroformage." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001532.
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Le procédé d'hydroformage repose sur la déformation plastique d'une forme première (tôle, tube) sous l'action combinée d'un fluide sous pression et d'un outil rigide. L'objet de ces travaux est de contribuer à la modélisation de ce procédé. Cette contribution s'articule autour de trois problématiques essentielles: la caractérisation rhéologique, la prédiction des défauts de striction et le développement d'algorithmes adaptés à la simulation de l'hydroformage. - L'identification expérimentale des courbes d'écrouissage en grandes déformations est nécessaire afin d'éviter toute extrapolation intempestive au cours d'une simulation numérique. A cet effet, un essai de gonflage circulaire, analysé selon un modèle homogène, a été mis en place. Des résultats très satisfaisants ont pu ainsi être obtenus grâce notamment à la mesure locale du rayon de courbure de la tôle. - La prédiction de la striction au cours de l'opération d'hydroformage est essentielle pour la maîtrise de ce procédé. Dans cette optique, le Critère de Force Maximum Modifié a fait l'objet d'une étude détaillée. Il a été démontré que la forme locale de la surface de charge constitue le facteur le plus influant sur les prédictions du modèle. Le problème de la dépendance de la CLF au trajet a été également abordé, nous avons pu mettre l'accent sur l'utilité d'une représentation des CLF dans l'espace des déformations équivalentes afin de s'affranchir de cette dépendance. Enfin, nous avons proposé un modèle intégrant l'effet de la sensibilité à la vitesse de déformation. La confrontation avec les résultats expérimentaux de tôles en acier a montré une amélioration des prédictions mais le modèle reste relativement conservatif. - Le troisième volet a concerné la modélisation numérique. D'une part, un schéma d'intégration implicite reposant sur une actualisation itérative du maillage et tenant compte des dérivées du domaine a pu être testé. Les résultats ont montré la faible influence des dérivées du domaine. En revanche, l'actualisation itérative semble améliorer la conservation du volume. D'autre part, il est bien établi que certains matériaux peuvent présenter un potentiel de déformation au-delà du pic de pression. Pour une simulation correcte de ce potentiel de déformation, nous avons développé plusieurs variantes de la méthode de continuation. Reposant sur une technique de prédiction-correction, ces méthodes ont permis de dépasser le pic qui reste un point infranchissables pour la méthode conventionnelle de contrôle de pression.
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Pavloň, Martin. "Analýza dynamických parametrů laserových vibrometrů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316221.
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This diploma thesis deals with the theoretical description of interference methods used to measure vibrations, examines main parasitic effects and analyses its contribution to achievable the resolution. In the practical part, it uses several measurements to verify the effects of the level of reflected beam, stand-off distance and speckle noise. It also proposes a practical experiment for measuring dynamic parameters and signal-noise ratio. Results show that, the noise is exponentially dependent on the level of the reflected beam. The visible maximum of the vibrometer proved to be critical in terms of time stability of the measured signal level in two of the three measurements. Results of the dynamic measurement show that, the measured deviations were not degraded or significantly disturbed by the noise signal. From the measurement of the speckle noise, it emerged that the lowest level of noise is achieved with smooth and highly reflective materials.
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Hapsari, Gemala. "Identification of inelastic cyclic behaviour of thin metal sheets under very large strain from instrumented micro forming process." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCD010.
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Le succès de l'industrialisation des micro-produits dépend des processus de conception et de fabrication. Une étape cruciale est la caractérisation du matériau utilisé dans les simulations numériques. Bien qu’il confère certaines propriétés mécaniques au matériau, l’essai de traction est loin de représenter la déformation complète subie par le matériau. Par conséquent, un autre test, Micro Incremental Deformation (Micro InDef), test présentant une déformation non homogène et riche en information, est développé sur la base du micro formage incrémental mono-point (µSPIF).Pour modéliser la formabilité du matériau (en particulier l'endommagement de matériaux), le modèle de Lemaitre est choisi en raison de sa capacité à modéliser le comportement du matériau en s'appuyant sur la mécanique des milieux continus et la thermodynamique de processus irréversibles. Dans cette étude, le Micro InDef test en tant que test de caractérisation de matériau est validé. De plus, en utilisant une méthode d’identifiabilité, il est prouvé que les paramètres matériaux identifiés sont des paramètres physiques, et non un simple lissage mathématique. Une fois le modèle de Lemaitre identifié, des tests expérimentaux et des simulations éléments finis sont effectués sur des tests de traction, des tests de cisaillement, des courbes limites de formage et des essais hors plan, afin de vérifier la fiabilité et l'adaptabilité de notre identification.Cette étude est finalement appliquée à un projet industriel dans le domaine des connecteurs, qui utilise principalement les alliages de cuivre comme matériau constitutifsThe success of micro product's industrialization depends on the conception, design and manufacturing process. A crucial step is the characterization of the material used in the numerical simulations. Although it gives some mechanical properties of material, tensile test is far from representing the complete deformation produced in the material. Therefore another test, Micro Incremental Deformation (Micro InDef), test which has non homogeneous deformation and which is rich in charactérization data is developped, based on Micro Single Point Incremental Forming (µSPIF).To modelise the limit of formability (especially the damage of materials), Lemaitre's constitutive model is chosen due to its possibility to define the material behaviour by using continuum mechanics and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. Within this study, Micro InDef as material characterization test is validated. Moreover, the material parameters identified are proven to be physical parameters, instead of only mathematical fitting, using an identifiability method. Once Lemaitre's model is identified, experimental tests and finite element simulations are performed on tensile tests, shearing tests, forming limit tests and out-of-plane tests, to verify the reliability and adaptability of our identification.This study is applied in an industrial project within the connector domain, which use copper alloys
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Morgan, Eric A. "Analysis of high-speed vessels for Seventh Fleet logistics support." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Mar%5FMorgan%5FEric.pdf.
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Ngo, Van Quang Binh. "Algorithmes de conception de lois de commande prédictives pour les systèmes de production d’énergie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC031/document.
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Cette thèse vise à élaborer de nouvelles stratégies de commande basées sur la commande prédictive pour le système de génération d’énergie éolienne. La topologie des systèmes de production éolienne basées sur le Générateur Asynchrone à Double Alimentation (GADA) qui convient à des plateformes de génération dans la gamme de puissance de 1.5 à 6 MW est abordée. Du point de vue technologique, le convertisseur à trois niveaux et clampé par le neutre (3L-NPC) est considéré comme une bonne solution pour une puissance élevée en raison de ses avantages: capacité à réduire la distorsion harmonique de la tension de sortie et du courant, et augmentation de la capacité du convertisseur grâce à une tension réduite appliquée à chaque semi-conducteur de puissance. Une description détaillée de la commande prédictive à ensemble de commande fini (FCS-MPC) avec un horizon de prédiction de deux pas est présentée pour deux boucles de régulation: celle liée au convertisseur connecté au réseau et celle du convertisseur connecté au GADA. Le principe de la commande repose sur l’utilisation d’un modèle de prédiction permettant de prédire le comportement du système pour chaque état de commutation du convertisseur. La minimisation d’une fonction de coût appropriée prédéfinie permet d’obtenir la commutation optimale à appliquer au convertisseur. La thèse étudie premièrement les problèmes liées à la compensation du temps de calcul de la commande et au choix et aux pondérations de la fonction de coût. Ensuite, le problème de stabilité de la commande FCS-MPC est abordé en considérant une fonction de Lyapunov dans la minimisation de la fonction de coût. Finalement, une étude sur la compensation des effets des temps morts du convertisseur est présentéeThis thesis aims to elaborate new control strategies based on Model Predictive control for wind energy generation system. We addressed the topology of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind generation systems which is suitable for generation platform power in the range in 1.5-6 MW. Furthermore, from the technological point of view, the three-level neutral-point clamped (3L-NPC) inverter configuration is considered a good solution for high power due to its advantages: capability to reduce the harmonic distortion of the output voltage and current, and increase the capacity of the converter thanks to a decreased voltage applied to each power semiconductor.In this thesis, we presented a detailed description of finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) with two step horizon for two control schemes: grid and DFIG connected 3L-NPC inverter. The principle of the proposed control scheme is to use system model to predict the behaviour of the system for every switching states of the inverter. Then, the optimal switching state that minimizes an appropriate predefined cost function is selected and applied directly to the inverter.The study of issues such as delay compensation, computational burden and selection of weighting factor are also addressed in this thesis. In addition, the stability problem of FCS-MPC is solved by considering the control Lyapunov function in the design procedure. The latter study is focused on the compensation of dead-time effect of power converter
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Santos, Tomás de Almeida dos. "Customer lifetime value (ClV) modeling in retail banking." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/36367.
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Based on regression models, simple customer’s attributes (age, income, assets and debt) - which
banks usually use to identify who their most valuable customers are - were found not to be very
effective at explaining and predicting customer’s Gross Income. Thus, banks are recommended
to consider alternative methods. A CLV estimation model based on Markov Chains is presented
and tested as a potential alternative, even though our application is still rather conceptual, with
limitations which would have to be addressed in future research. Also, another methodology
based on retention cohort analysis is presented, aimed at estimating CLV for individual
products.
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Marques, Ana Isabel de Sousa Rocha. "Segmentação de Clientes Renting Automóvel: modelo RFM, análise de Clusters e CLV." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/117565.
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Marques, Ana Isabel de Sousa Rocha. "Segmentação de Clientes Renting Automóvel: modelo RFM, análise de Clusters e CLV." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/117565.
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Tsai, Chueh-Hsien, and 蔡覺賢. "Constructing A Conceptual Model of Integrated CRM by CLV Perspective in Database Marketing." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10972057930418887180.
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博士淡江大學
管理科學學系博士班
101
Technology, mass media and marketing skills have became more fancy and diversification than before due to the rapid change of environments. However, consumers have been confused because of too much and diversified market information which they had received day by day, and that reduced the marketing effectiveness. For many years, customer relationship management(CRM) has been applied and studied among practitioners and academicians to increase customer lifetime value(CLV), but several evidences indicated most of companies that applied CRM were failure. In the past, most of researches have been focused on "customer side" factors of CRM, such as customer loyalty, RFM model, repeat purchase and customer relationship strength, but "enterprise side" factors research is relatively rare, and lacks of the integration of two-side factors of CRM. Through literature review, induction and deduction, this study constructs a conceptual model of integrated CRM by CLV perspective in database marketing to find out the successful factors of CRM integration, that may enhance enterprise to implement CRM successfully. Six propositions were developed according to the integrated CRM model in this study, these propositions are also an important reference for the continued application and related research of CRM and CLV among practitioners and academicians.
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Han, Tzu-Hsiang, and 韓子祥. "Functional Characterization of the Type VI Secretion System-I Component Proteins Hcp, ClpV and VgrG in Klebsiella pneumoniae CG43." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96457378556122886379.
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碩士國立交通大學
分子醫學與生物工程研究所
102
The type six secretion system(T6SS), which composed of two major structural proteins Hcp and VgrG, and the energy generating ATPase ClpV, has been reported as an important pathogenicity factor. Using a mouse model, an attenuated Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant with a transposon insertion in the putative T6SS encoding gene has recently been reported. As reported for other bacterial genomes which often contain multiple T6SS-encoding gene clusters, the sequenced K. pneumoniae genomes also harbored two to three T6SS gene clusters. Here we study functional roles of Hcp, ClpV and VgrG of the T6SS-I of K. pneumoniae CG43. Firstly, we generate K. pneumoniae CG43S3 hcp, CG43S3 clpV, CG43S3 vgrG and CG43S3 vgrG -C (carrying an incomplete vgrG gene without the DNA coding for the C-terminal variation region) mutant strains. The deletion effect analysis showed that CG43S3 hcp and CG43S3 vgrG exerted similar phenotype on growth curve and colony appearance as that of the parental strain CG43S3. On the other hand, the deletion of clpV retarded the bacterial growth and had 35% decrease of the capsular polysaccharide production. The mutants hcp and vgrG exhibited elevated biofilm formation ability on glass tubes, while the deletion of clpV and vgrG increased approximately 1.7-fold of the biofilm formation activity on PVC 96-well compared to CG43S3. Under acid stress treatment, hcp, clpV, vgrG and vgrG-C respectively showed 70%, 21%, 90% and 68% decrease of the survival rate. We have also measured the activity of the putative promoters namely P1, P2 and P3 using LacZ as the reporter. The P1 activity is inducible by weak acid which suggesting that the expression of T6SS-I is P1-dependent. Finally, we have isolated the major component encoding gene hcp by PCR and the amplicon cloned to the expression vector, pET30b. The recombinant plasmid pET30b-hcp was introduced for the protein overexpression in Escherichia coli Novablue(DE3), and then the recombinant His-tagged proteins purified using nickel resin column. Aliquot of the purified proteins was used to immunize rabbits to raise anti-Hcp antibody. The subsequent Western blot analysis using the anti-Hcp antibody revealed that the antibody has low specificity and sensitivity. In order to study the expression of T6SS-I, quantitative PCR could be used to measure the expression level of hcp, clpV and vgrG in CG43S3 upon treatment of acid or in acid stress response related regulatory gene deletion mutants such as rcsB or fur.
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Bargheer, Matias [Verfasser]. "Ultrafast photodynamics in condensed phase : ClF, Cl2 and I2 in solid rare gases / by Matias Bargheer." 2002. http://d-nb.info/965605078/34.
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Wu, Chia-Jung, and 吳家榮. "Study of Robust Output Tracking for a Class of 2nd-Order Polynomial Systems using CLF technique." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59775574074467526752.
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碩士國立交通大學
電機與控制工程系所
98
This thesis investigates the issues of robust output tracking and internal state stabilization for a class of SISO uncertain second-order polynomial systems. The uncertainty comes from a parameter error between the true value and its estimation. First, a preliminary feedback is employed to achieve both output tracking performance and stability of the associated equilibrium point for the nomial system. Second, we design an additional controller using a known Control Lyapunov Function such that the output tracking performance and the internal system stabilization can simultaneously be achieved. The proposed scheme improves the design of [1] in which the internal states might be unstable during the output tracking procedure. The analytical results are also applied to a tap-changer control based power system for voltage regulation. Simulation results demonstrate the use and the benefits of the proposed scheme.
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Guay-Giroux, Angélique. "Caractérisation d'une nouvelle cytokine composite formée de CLF et de la sous-unité p28 de l'IL-27." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8154.
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