Academic literature on the topic 'Clethodim'
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Journal articles on the topic "Clethodim"
1
Bridges, David C., Albert E. Smith, and Linford N. Falb. "Effect of Adjuvant on Foliar Absorption and Activity of Clethodim and Polar Degradation Products of Clethodim." Weed Science 39, no. 4 (December 1991): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500088342.
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Research was conducted to determine foliar absorption of14C-clethodim and its polar degradation products with five adjuvants and to compare the relative herbicidal activity of clethodim and its polar degradation products. Differential14C-clethodim and14C-polar degradation products absorption occurred among the five adjuvants. Adjuvants that mediated rapid foliar absorption of clethodim did not always mediate rapid foliar uptake of polar degradation products. Herbicidal activity of clethodim exceeded activity of polar degradation products regardless of time of day of application or whether adjuvant was used. Inclusion of adjuvant was required for herbicidal activity of polar degradation products. Clethodim activity declined when applied at 0800 h EDT compared to applications at 2000 h EDT. To maximize herbicidal activity of clethodim, adjuvants should be selected that mediate rapid foliar absorption of both clethodim and the polar degradation products of clethodim and that minimize photodegradation of clethodim.
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Grichar, W. J., B. A. Besler, K. D. Brewer, and T. A. Baughman. "Grass Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) with Clethodim and Selected Broadleaf Herbicide Combinations1." Peanut Science 29, no. 2 (July 1, 2002): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/pnut.29.2.0002.
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Abstract Field studies were conducted to evaluate broadleaf signalgrass and southern crabgrass control and effect on peanut yield of clethodim alone and sequential applications with six broadleaf herbicides. When rated 9 wk after treatment (WAT), broadleaf signalgrass control with clethodim followed by (fb) acifluorfen, imazapic, or 2,4-DB 24 hr later did not differ from clethodim alone. When acifluorfen, acifluorfen plus bentazon, imazethapyr, imazapic, and lactofen were applied in a tank-mix with clethodim, broadleaf signalgrass control was less than 65%. Clethodim alone or clethodim plus 2,4-DB controlled 86 and 73% broadleaf signalgrass, respectively. When acifluorfen, acifluorfen plus bentazon, or imazethapyr was fb clethodim, signalgrass control was less than 72%. Southern crabgrass control was reduced in 2 of 3 yr from clethodim alone when acifluorfen was tank-mixed with clethodim. When other broadleaf herbicides were tank-mixed with clethodim, reduced crabgrass control was noted in only 1 of 3 yr. Where no POST herbicides were used, peanut yield was < 1600 kg/ha, while all plots which received a POST herbicide yielded over 2200 kg/ha.
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Harre, Nick T., Julie M. Young, and Bryan G. Young. "Influence of 2,4-D, dicamba, and glyphosate on clethodim efficacy of volunteer glyphosate-resistant corn." Weed Technology 34, no. 3 (November 27, 2019): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2019.124.
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AbstractManagement of volunteer glyphosate-resistant (GR) corn may be problematic in soybean resistant to glyphosate and 2,4-D or dicamba, as auxinic herbicides often antagonize graminicide efficacy. Field and greenhouse trials were conducted using mixtures of 2,4-D or dicamba in combination with glyphosate and clethodim-A (formulated without an adjuvant) or clethodim-SM (adjuvant-inclusive formulation) to determine the effect on volunteer GR corn control. Neither auxinic herbicide reduced clethodim efficacy, regardless of clethodim rate or formulation in field trials. However, the addition of glyphosate to these mixtures at the 35 g ai ha−1 clethodim dose reduced control from clethodim-A and clethodim-SM by 62% to 75% and 27% to 47%, respectively. Increasing the clethodim dose to 105 g ha−1 or greater in combination with glyphosate and either auxinic herbicide generally restored clethodim efficacy (74% to 98% control); in one site-year, the addition of glyphosate plus dicamba to clethodim-A at 140 g ha−1 still reduced control by 34%. In greenhouse experiments, clethodim-A efficacy was reduced by 17% and 28% when applied with glyphosate plus 420 and 1,680 g ae ha−1 2,4-D, respectively, in the absence of crop oil concentrate (COC). Increasing the dose of dicamba in a similar mixture had a negligible effect. Irrespective of auxinic herbicide dose, the inclusion of COC to clethodim-A mixtures with glyphosate plus 2,4-D or dicamba resulted in ≥ 90% control. These results specify an enhanced risk of reduced clethodim efficacy on volunteer GR corn when glyphosate is added to mixtures containing 2,4-D or dicamba. To optimize control from these mixtures, clethodim should be applied at ≥ 105 g ha−1 and should include an activator adjuvant in the form of COC and/or an adjuvant-inclusive clethodim formulation. This recommendation contrasts with several labels of clethodim that do not require COC when applied with adjuvant-loaded glyphosate products.
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Saini, Rupinder Kaur, Jenna Malone, Christopher Preston, and Gurjeet S. Gill. "Frost Reduces Clethodim Efficacy in Clethodim-Resistant Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) Populations." Weed Science 64, no. 2 (June 2016): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-15-00140.1.
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Rigid ryegrass, an important annual weed species in cropping regions of southern Australia, has evolved resistance to 11 major groups of herbicides. Dose–response studies were conducted to determine response of three clethodim-resistant populations and one clethodim-susceptible population of rigid ryegrass to three different frost treatments (−2 C). Clethodim-resistant and -susceptible plants were exposed to frost in a frost chamber from 4:00 P.M. to 8:00 A.M. for three nights before or after clethodim application and were compared with plants not exposed to frost. A reduction in the level of clethodim efficacy was observed in resistant populations when plants were exposed to frost for three nights before or after clethodim application. In the highly resistant populations, the survival percentage and LD50were higher when plants were exposed to frost before clethodim application compared with frost after clethodim application. However, frost treatment did not influence clethodim efficacy of the susceptible population. Sequencing of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) gene of the three resistant populations identified three known mutations at positions 1781, 2041, and 2078. However, most individuals in the highly resistant populations did not contain any known mutation in ACCase, suggesting the resistance mechanism was a nontarget site. The effect of frost on clethodim efficacy in resistant plants may be an outcome of the interaction between frost and the clethodim resistance mechanism(s) present.
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Nandula, Vijay K., Daniel H. Poston, Krishna N. Reddy, and Clifford H. Koger. "Formulation and Adjuvant Effects on Uptake and Translocation of Clethodim in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon)." Weed Science 55, no. 1 (February 2007): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-06-024.1.
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The effect of formulation and adjuvants on absorption and translocation of 14C-clethodim was determined at 1, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment (HAT) in bermudagrass under greenhouse conditions. Absorption of 14C-clethodim with the 0.12 kg L−1 (15 to 85%) formulation was higher than with the 0.24 kg L−1 (5 to 40%) formulation, regardless of presence or absence of adjuvant. There was considerable variation in the effect of adjuvant on 14C-clethodim absorption. When either ammonium sulfate (AMS) or AMS plus crop oil concentrate (COC) was added to the 0.12 kg L−1 formulation, 14C-clethodim absorption increased significantly at all harvest times except at 12 HAT compared with 0.12 kg L−1 formulation alone, whereas, 14C-clethodim absorption after addition of COC to the 0.12 kg L−1 formulation was similar to the 0.12 kg L−1 formulation alone up to 24 HAT. Conversely, COC enhanced 14C-absorption at all harvest times when added to 0.24 kg L−1 formulation. Most of 14C-clethodim (79 to 100% of absorbed) remained in the treated leaf, independent of formulation or adjuvant. Formulation did not have an impact on distribution of absorbed 14C-clethodim; however, presence of an adjuvant increased movement of 14C-clethodim out of treated leaf. Of the absorbed 14C-label, most remained in the treated leaf. 14C-clethodim that translocated out of the treated leaf remained in the shoot, and negligible amount of 14C-clethodim translocated to roots. These results demonstrated improved absorption of clethodim with formulations containing half the active ingredient (0.12 kg L−1) and inclusion of both AMS and COC.
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Lancaster, Sarah H., David L. Jordan, Alan C. York, Ian C. Burke, Frederick T. Corbin, Yvonna S. Sheldon, John W. Wilcut, and David W. Monks. "Influence of Selected Fungicides on Efficacy of Clethodim and Sethoxydim." Weed Technology 19, no. 2 (June 2005): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-172r.
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Field experiments were conducted to compare large crabgrass control by clethodim or sethoxydim applied alone and with selected fungicides registered for use in peanut. Fluazinam, propiconazole plus trifloxystrobin, or tebuconazole did not affect efficacy of clethodim or sethoxydim. Azoxystrobin, boscalid, chlorothalonil, and pyraclostrobin reduced efficacy of clethodim and sethoxydim in some experiments. Increasing the herbicide rate increased large crabgrass control regardless of the addition of chlorothalonil. In laboratory experiments,14C absorption was less when14C-clethodim or14C-sethoxydim was applied with chlorothalonil. Pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole did not affect absorption of14C-clethodim or14C-sethoxydim.
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Perkins, Clay M., Thomas C. Mueller, and Lawrence E. Steckel. "Efficacy of Burndown with Sequential Applications for Junglerice (Echinochloa colona) Control." Journal of Cotton Science 26, no. 1 (2022): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/niuu9765.
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Junglerice has continued to expand its range as a serious weed pest in Tennessee cotton. Both glyphosate resistance and herbicide antagonism have been documented as possible causes for poor control. Approximately 15% of junglerice populations in Tennessee have been found to be glyphosate resistant. In addition, dicamba tank mixtures with glyphosate and/or clethodim have been reported to reduce junglerice control. Due to poor in-crop control, starting clean has taken on added importance when trying to control junglerice. Therefore, research was conducted to determine the best herbicide burndown methods utilizing clethodim, dicamba, glufosinate, glyphosate, or paraquat. Paraquat alone or in tank-mixtures with glyphosate or clethodim provided poor control (< 50%). Likewise, glufosinate alone or in tank-mixture with glyphosate or clethodim provided poor control (< 35%). A dicamba + glyphosate, glufosinate + clethodim, or paraquat + clethodim application provided poor junglerice control. Regardless of which herbicides were initially applied, making a follow-up application of glyphosate or glyphosate + clethodim two weeks later provided optimal control of junglerice. In Tennessee, a glyphosate + clethodim application at 14 days before planting is recommended to control junglerice, other grasses and some broadleaf weeds, followed by paraquat at-planting to control remaining weed species.
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Burke, Ian C., Shawn D. Askew, Jerry L. Corbett, and John W. Wilcut. "Glufosinate Antagonizes Clethodim Control of Goosegrass (Eleusine indica)." Weed Technology 19, no. 3 (September 2005): 664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-214r1.1.
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Because of a previously reported antagonism of clethodim activity by other herbicides, greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine goosegrass control with clethodim and glufosinate postemergence alone, in tank mixtures, and as sequential treatments. Herbicide treatments consisted of glufosinate at 0, 290, or 410 g ai/ha and clethodim at 0, 105, or 140 g ai/ha, each applied alone, in all possible combinations of the above application rates, or sequentially. Glufosinate at either rate alone controlled goosegrass at the two- to four-leaf growth stage <44%, and control was less for goosegrass at the one- to two- and four- to six-tiller growth stages. Clethodim controlled two- to four-leaf and one- to two-tiller goosegrass 91 and 99% at application rates of 105 and 140 g/ha, respectively, and controlled four- to six-tiller goosegrass 68 and 83% at application rates of 105 and 140 g ai/ha, respectively. All tank mixtures of glufosinate with clethodim reduced goosegrass control at least 52 percentage points when compared to the control with clethodim alone. Glufosinate at 290 or 410 g/ha when applied sequentially 7 or 14 d prior to clethodim reduced goosegrass control at least 50 percentage points compared to the control obtained with clethodim applied alone. Clethodim at rates of 105 or 140 g/ha when applied 7 or 14 d prior to glufosinate controlled goosegrass equivalent to the control obtained with each respective rate of clethodim applied alone at the two- to four-leaf and one- to two-tiller growth stage. Clethodim should be applied to goosegrass no larger than at the one- to two-tiller growth stage at least 7 d prior to glufosinate application or 14 d after a glufosinate application for effective goosegrass control.
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Chahal, Gurinderbir S., David L. Jordan, Alan C. York, Rick L. Brandenburg, Barbara B. Shew, James D. Burton, and David Danehower. "Interactions of Clethodim and Sethoxydim with Other Pesticides." Peanut Science 40, no. 2 (July 1, 2013): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps11-19.1.
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ABSTRACT A wide range of agrochemicals are applied in peanut to manage biotic and abiotic stresses. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of clethodim and sethoxydim applied alone or with dimethenamid-P, pyraclostrobin, S-metolachlor, and 2,4-DB. When applied in combination with clethodim, pyraclostrobin often reduced goosegrass and large crabgrass control compared with clethodim only. Pyraclostrobin did not impact efficacy of sethoxydim in most instances. Dimethenamid-P and S-metolachlor did not negatively affect efficacy of clethodim and sethoxydim. The impact of 2,4-DB on efficacy of clethodim and sethoxydim was inconsistent. The magnitude of adverse impact on graminicides (clethodim and sethoxydim) performance did not exceed 19% and was caused primarily by pyraclostrobin. Conversely, increased efficacy of graminicides caused by chloroacetamide herbicides did not exceed 14%. Graminicides and chloroacetamide herbicides changed solution pH from slightly acidic to highly acidic. Several combinations of clethodim and sethoxydim produced temporary precipitates but no permanent precipitates. Results from these experiments suggest that applying tank mixtures containing up to four chemical components will not dramatically reduce control of emerged annual grasses in peanut.
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Tredaway, Joyce A., Michael G. Patterson, and Glenn R. Wehtje. "Interaction of Clethodim with Pyrithiobac and Bromoxynil Applied in Low Volume." Weed Technology 12, no. 1 (March 1998): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00042779.
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Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to determine the interaction of clethodim sprayed in low volume with pyrithiobac or bromoxynil and to determine the influence of these mixtures on large crabgrass control. A low-volume, air-assisted spraying system was calibrated to deliver 26 L/ha and was compared to a conventional hydraulic fan spraying system calibrated to deliver 140 L/ha. Greenhouse data indicated that carrier volume had no effect on large crabgrass control with clethodim. The addition of pyrithiobac to clethodim in mixture was antagonistic compared to control with clethodim applied alone. The addition of bromoxynil to clethodim in mixture was synergistic. Field studies showed similar results.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clethodim"
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Bianchi, Leandro. "Efeito de glyphosate e clethodim isolados e em mistura em Digitaria insularis." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153555.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Devido ao uso frequente do glyphosate na agricultura, o capim-amargoso (Digitaria insularis) tornou-se uma das plantas daninhas mais problemáticas no Brasil, por adquirir resistência a esse herbicida. Biótipos resistentes em estádios iniciais são facilmente controlados por graminicidas, porém em estádio mais avançado o controle é reduzido. O herbicida clethodim é um graminicida com alta eficiência, portanto, verificar o controle de biótipos resistentes ao glyphosate em diferentes estádios, com o uso isolado de clethodim e em mistura com o glyphosate é fundamental para auxiliar no manejo desta invasora. Assim o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho de glyphosate, clethodim e glyphosate + clethodim, em biótipo de D. insularis resistente e suscetível. O ensaio foi realizado em casa de vegetação, inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições e repetido em duas épocas do ano. As aplicações foram realizadas em estádio inicial (15 – 20 cm) e em florescimento. Avaliou-se o controle aos 21 dias e o peso da biomassa seca. Para a mistura dos produtos, foi verificada a interação entre os herbicidas: efeito sinérgico, antagônico ou aditivo. No ensaio com plantas em estádio inicial, avaliou-se a concentração de lipídeos na biomassa seca. De forma geral, a aplicação de clethodim aplicado isoladamente controlou o biótipo resistente em estádio inicial, porém em florescimento a eficácia foi reduzida. A mistura mostrou-se eficiente para controle de biótipo resistente em estádio inicial e em florescimento. Considerando as avaliações visuais de controle, a interação entre glyphosate e clethodim apresentou efeito sinérgico para doses intermediárias e aditivo para as maiores doses considerando o estádio inicial; em plantas florescidas, predominaram os efeitos aditivos para todas as doses. Para massa seca, a mistura teve interação sinérgica em todas as doses e estádios avaliados. As menores doses dos dois herbicidas reduziram os teores de lipídeos.
Due to frequent use of glyphosate in agriculture, sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) has become one of the most problematic weeds in Brazil for purchase resistance to this herbicide. Resistant biotypes in initial stages are easily controlled by graminicides, but in a more advanced stage the control is reduced. The herbicide clethodim is a graminicide with high efficiency, therefore, to check the control of resistant biotypes of glyphosate in different stages, with the isolated use of clethodim and in mixture with the glyphosate is fundamental to assist in the management of this weed. Thus the experiment was aimed at evaluate the action of glyphosate, clethodim and glyphosate + clethodim, in a resistant and susceptible biotype of D. insularis. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, completely randomized, with four replications and repeated at two times of the year. The applications were performed in the initial stage (15 - 20 cm) and flowering. Plants were evaluated at 21 days after application (DAA) and dry biomass weight. For the mixture of products, the interaction between the herbicides was also verified: synergistic, antagonistic or additive effect. In the experiment with plants at the initial stage, was evaluated the lipid concentration in the dry biomass. In general, the application of clethodim applied alone controlled the resistant biotype at the initial stage, but in flowering the efficiency was reduced. The mixture showed to be efficient for control of resistant biotype in initial and flowering stages. Considering the visual evaluations of control, the interaction between glyphosate and clethodim showed synergic effect for intermediate doses and additive for the highest doses considering the initial stage; in flowered plants, with the additive effects predominating for all as doses, the additive effect prevailed for all doses. For dry mass, the mixture had synergistic interaction at all doses and evaluated stages. Lower doses of both herbicides reduced lipid levels.
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Bianchi, Leandro 1991. "Efeito de glyphosate e clethodim isolados e em mistura em Digitaria insularis /." Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153555.
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Orientador: Edivaldo Domingues VeliniBanca: Leandro Tropaldi
Banca: Lucas Perim
Resumo: Devido ao uso frequente do glyphosate na agricultura, o capim-amargoso (Digitaria insularis) tornou-se uma das plantas daninhas mais problemáticas no Brasil, por adquirir resistência a esse herbicida. Biótipos resistentes em estádios iniciais são facilmente controlados por graminicidas, porém em estádio mais avançado o controle é reduzido. O herbicida clethodim é um graminicida com alta eficiência, portanto, verificar o controle de biótipos resistentes ao glyphosate em diferentes estádios, com o uso isolado de clethodim e em mistura com o glyphosate é fundamental para auxiliar no manejo desta invasora. Assim o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho de glyphosate, clethodim e glyphosate + clethodim, em biótipo de D. insularis resistente e suscetível. O ensaio foi realizado em casa de vegetação, inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições e repetido em duas épocas do ano. As aplicações foram realizadas em estádio inicial (15 - 20 cm) e em florescimento. Avaliou-se o controle aos 21 dias e o peso da biomassa seca. Para a mistura dos produtos, foi verificada a interação entre os herbicidas: efeito sinérgico, antagônico ou aditivo. No ensaio com plantas em estádio inicial, avaliou-se a concentração de lipídeos na biomassa seca. De forma geral, a aplicação de clethodim aplicado isoladamente controlou o biótipo resistente em estádio inicial, porém em florescimento a eficácia foi reduzida. A mistura mostrou-se eficiente para controle de biótipo resistente em es... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Due to frequent use of glyphosate in agriculture, sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) has become one of the most problematic weeds in Brazil for purchase resistance to this herbicide. Resistant biotypes in initial stages are easily controlled by graminicides, but in a more advanced stage the control is reduced. The herbicide clethodim is a graminicide with high efficiency, therefore, to check the control of resistant biotypes of glyphosate in different stages, with the isolated use of clethodim and in mixture with the glyphosate is fundamental to assist in the management of this weed. Thus the experiment was aimed at evaluate the action of glyphosate, clethodim and glyphosate + clethodim, in a resistant and susceptible biotype of D. insularis. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, completely randomized, with four replications and repeated at two times of the year. The applications were performed in the initial stage (15 - 20 cm) and flowering. Plants were evaluated at 21 days after application (DAA) and dry biomass weight. For the mixture of products, the interaction between the herbicides was also verified: synergistic, antagonistic or additive effect. In the experiment with plants at the initial stage, was evaluated the lipid concentration in the dry biomass. In general, the application of clethodim applied alone controlled the resistant biotype at the initial stage, but in flowering the efficiency was reduced. The mixture showed to be efficient for control of resistant biotype in initial and flowering stages. Considering the visual evaluations of control, the interaction between glyphosate and clethodim showed synergic effect for intermediate doses and additive for the highest doses considering the initial stage; in flowered plants, with the additive effects predominating for all as doses, the additive effect prevailed for all doses. For dry mass, the mixture had synergistic interaction ...
Mestre
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Husman, Stephen H., and William B. McCloskey. "Bermudagrass Control in Alfalfa Using Clethodim (Prism) and Two Formulations of Sethoxydim (Past Plus, Ultima)." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202446.
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Two successive applications of Poast Plus (60 oz. product /A, 0.47 lb. sethoxydim /A), Ultima 160 (46 oz. product /A, 0.47 lb. sethoxydim /A), and Prism (34 oz. /A, 0.25 lb clethodim/A) were made on May 31 and June 27, 1996 to control bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) in a commercial alfalfa field. A crop oil concentrate was added to all herbicide solutions. Applications were made two days after the irrigations that followed removal of the cuttings. The bermudagrass density was high with extensive stolon development; the grass formed almost a complete mat in most of the plots. Percent control was visually estimated on June 27 (prior to second application) and on July 25, 28 days following the second application and after cutting of the alfalfa. Percent control was 84.5, 71.2, and 65% for Poast Plus, Ultima, and Prism, respectively, after one application. Percent control was 87.5, 72.5, and 90.5% for Poast Plus, Ultima, and Prism, respectively, after two applications. A single application of Poast Plus resulted in good bermudagrass control but single applications of Ultima or Prism resulted in marginal control. The second application of Prism significantly improved bermudagrass control but the second application of Poast Plus or Ultima did not improve control. The Poast Plus formulation of sethoxydim appeared to be superior to the Ultima 160 formulation of sethoxydim.
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Knowles, Tim C., Bill McCloskey, and Mike Keavy. "Layby Mexican Sprangletop Control with Select (Clethodim) and Antagonism Resulting from Staple (Pyrithiobac Sodium) and Select Tank Mixed." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210370.
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Late emerging summer annual grassy weeds such as Mexican sprangletop can stain cotton lint resulting in price discounts for color at harvest. Cyanizine (Bladex) is commonly applied layby for grassy weed, morningglory, and pigweed control, however use of this herbicide will be phased out by 2002 with rate reductions beginning in 1998. Clethodim (Select) herbicide was evaluated as an alternative to cyanizine for layby grassy weed control, plus the antagonistic effect of tank mixing Select with Staple herbicide was examined in Parker Valley, AZ during the 1997 cotton growing season.
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Silva, Breno Araguaia Souza [UNESP]. "Influência de diferentes períodos de chuva após a aplicação de Clethodim, Quizalofope - P- Metilico e Haloxifope em pós emergência no controle de plantas daninhas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/113795.
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000806747.pdf: 942149 bytes, checksum: 75e0218de7b7a904e05815a10bd22002 (MD5)O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes intervalos de tempo de chuva após a aplicação dos herbicidas clethodim, quizalofope -p- metilico e haloxifope em pós-emergência no controle de quatro espécies de plantas daninhas: B. decumbens, B. plantaginea, Cenchrus echinatus e Zea mays na cultura da soja. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente ao acaso e os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 3 x 6 (três herbicidas e seis intervalos de tempo de chuva), totalizando dezoito tratamentos e quatro repetições, para cada espécie de planta daninha. Quatro experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação com duas plantas por vaso, no município de Pereiras, SP. As aplicações dos herbicidas foram realizadas em horários diferentes no decorrer do dia, de modo a obter os diferentes intervalos de tempo para simulação de chuva sobre as plantas. Foram realizadas avaliações de controle aos dias 3, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos herbicidas. Após a aplicação dos herbicidas as plantas daninhas foram submetidas a uma lâmina de chuva de 20 mm em cinco intervalos de tempo (15, 30, 60, 120 e 240 min.) e sem chuva (tratamento herbicida controle), mais o tratamento adicional sem chuva e sem aplicação de herbicida (testemunha). Ao final de cada avaliação para cada espécie vegetal foi determinado o acúmulo de biomassa das plantas. Diante do exposto verificou-se que os intervalos de chuva interferem negativamente na ação dos herbicidas para o controle da plantas e que os herbicidas quizalofope-p-metilico e haloxifope foram os que mais se destacaram no controle das plantas.
The study aimed to evaluate the influence of different time intervals of rainfall after the application of herbicide clethodim, haloxyfope and quizalofope-p-methyl, in post-emergence control of four weed species: B. decumbens, B. plantaginea, Cenchrus echinatus and Zea mays on soybeans. The experimental design was completely randomized and treatments arranged in a factorial scheme 3 x 6 (three herbicides and six time intervals of rain), totaling eighteen treatments and four replications for each weed species. Four experiments were conducted at a greenhouse with two plants per pot in the municipality of Pereiras, SP. Herbicide applications were made at different times during the day, in order to obtain different time intervals to simulate rain on the plants. Control evaluations at days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28, were performed after application (DAA) of herbicides. After herbicide application the weeds were submitted to a slide of rain of 20 mm in five time intervals (15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 min) and no rain (herbicide treatment control), plus an additional treatment with no rain and without herbicide (control). At the end of each assessment for each species was determined the accumulation of plant biomass. With the results above it was found that the ranges of rain negatively interferes with the action of herbicides to control plants and herbicide quizalofope-p-methyl and haloxyfope were the most outstanding in plants control.
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Silva, Breno Araguaia Souza 1989. "Influência de diferentes períodos de chuva após a aplicação de Clethodim, Quizalofope - P- Metilico e Haloxifope em pós emergência no controle de plantas daninhas /." Botucatu, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/113795.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Carlos Gilberto RaetanoBanca: Marcelo Rocha Correa
Banca: Elza Alves Correa
Resumo: O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes intervalos de tempo de chuva após a aplicação dos herbicidas clethodim, quizalofope -p- metilico e haloxifope em pós-emergência no controle de quatro espécies de plantas daninhas: B. decumbens, B. plantaginea, Cenchrus echinatus e Zea mays na cultura da soja. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente ao acaso e os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 3 x 6 (três herbicidas e seis intervalos de tempo de chuva), totalizando dezoito tratamentos e quatro repetições, para cada espécie de planta daninha. Quatro experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação com duas plantas por vaso, no município de Pereiras, SP. As aplicações dos herbicidas foram realizadas em horários diferentes no decorrer do dia, de modo a obter os diferentes intervalos de tempo para simulação de chuva sobre as plantas. Foram realizadas avaliações de controle aos dias 3, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos herbicidas. Após a aplicação dos herbicidas as plantas daninhas foram submetidas a uma lâmina de chuva de 20 mm em cinco intervalos de tempo (15, 30, 60, 120 e 240 min.) e sem chuva (tratamento herbicida controle), mais o tratamento adicional sem chuva e sem aplicação de herbicida (testemunha). Ao final de cada avaliação para cada espécie vegetal foi determinado o acúmulo de biomassa das plantas. Diante do exposto verificou-se que os intervalos de chuva interferem negativamente na ação dos herbicidas para o controle da plantas e que os herbicidas quizalofope-p-metilico e haloxifope foram os que mais se destacaram no controle das plantas.
Abstract: The study aimed to evaluate the influence of different time intervals of rainfall after the application of herbicide clethodim, haloxyfope and quizalofope-p-methyl, in post-emergence control of four weed species: B. decumbens, B. plantaginea, Cenchrus echinatus and Zea mays on soybeans. The experimental design was completely randomized and treatments arranged in a factorial scheme 3 x 6 (three herbicides and six time intervals of rain), totaling eighteen treatments and four replications for each weed species. Four experiments were conducted at a greenhouse with two plants per pot in the municipality of Pereiras, SP. Herbicide applications were made at different times during the day, in order to obtain different time intervals to simulate rain on the plants. Control evaluations at days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28, were performed after application (DAA) of herbicides. After herbicide application the weeds were submitted to a slide of rain of 20 mm in five time intervals (15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 min) and no rain (herbicide treatment control), plus an additional treatment with no rain and without herbicide (control). At the end of each assessment for each species was determined the accumulation of plant biomass. With the results above it was found that the ranges of rain negatively interferes with the action of herbicides to control plants and herbicide quizalofope-p-methyl and haloxyfope were the most outstanding in plants control.
Mestre
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Saini, Rupinder Kaur. "Clethodim resistance in Lolium rigidum (annual ryegrass) and its management in broadleaf crops." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/106299.
Full textAbstract:
Lolium rigidum is one of the most troublesome herbicide resistant weeds in Australia, which has so far evolved resistance to eleven major herbicide groups. Clethodim, an inhibitor of acetyl–coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase), is a selective post-emergent herbicide used to control annual and perennial grasses in a wide variety of broadleaf crops and has been used by many farmers to manage L. rigidum in continuous cropping rotations. However, repeated use of this herbicide during the last two decades has resulted in the appearance of L. rigidum populations that are highly resistant to clethodim. Studies on the resistance mechanisms, genetics, and fitness of resistant alleles were undertaken to better understand the evolution of clethodim resistance in L. rigidum. Field studies were also undertaken to investigate the performance of alternative herbicides for the management of clethodim-resistant L. rigidum in faba bean and canola. Dose–response experiments were conducted on twelve populations of L. rigidum collected from different locations in Australia. All the populations were confirmed resistant to clethodim with resistance levels ranging from 3-34-fold as compared to the susceptible control. These resistant populations have also evolved cross-resistance to butroxydim. Sequencing of the target-site ACCase gene identified five known ACCase mutations (Leu-1781, Asn-2041, Gly-2078, Arg-2088, and Ala-2096) in these populations. In the highly clethodim-resistant populations, the level of clethodim resistance was influenced by the occurrence of frost close to herbicide application. A significant reduction in the level of clethodim efficacy was observed in resistant populations when plants were exposed to frost for three nights before or after clethodim application. However, there was no effect of frost on the response of the susceptible population suggesting that the mechanism present within the resistant populations interacts with frost to further reduce clethodim efficacy. The inheritance of clethodim resistance was investigated by cross pollinating the susceptible and five resistant populations. The results of the inheritance study showed different patterns of inheritance of clethodim resistance in L. rigidum; which included a single gene, partially dominant, nuclear encoded trait, two different patterns of two-gene inheritance and an example of maternal inheritance of the resistance trait. The fitness of three resistant alleles (Leu-1781, Asn-2041, and Gly-2078) was also studied by determining the change in the frequency of resistant alleles in two generations of L. rigidum in the absence of
clethodim use. The results of this experiment showed that there was no significant change in the frequency of Leu- 1781 and Asn-2041 alleles in L. rigidum populations from one generation to other but the frequency of Gly-2078 allele increased significantly (7 to 16%; P ≤ 0.05). Studies were also undertaken to identify alternative herbicides for the control of clethodim resistant L. rigidum with a range of pre-emergent herbicides in broadleaf crops. In both faba bean and canola crops, pre-emergent herbicides alone were insufficient to effectively manage clethodim-resistant L. rigidum. The application of effective soil residual herbicides followed by the post-emergent tank-mixture of clethodim and butroxydim provided acceptable control of some clethodim resistant L. rigidum populations.Thesis (Ph.D.) (Research by Publication) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2016.
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Burke, Ian Cristofer. "Influence of environmental factors on broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) and crowfootgrass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) germination and antagonism of clethodim by CGA 362622 and imazapic." 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/etd/public/etd-446817310231061/etd.pdf.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Clethodim"
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Unger, Thomas A. "Clethodim." In Pesticide Synthesis Handbook, 148–49. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551401-5.50132-5.
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Bridges, David C., Linford N. Falb, and Albert E. Smith. "Stability and Activity of Clethodim as Influenced by pH, UV Light, and Adjuvant." In Adjuvants for Agrichemicals, 215–23. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351069502-18.
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Kudsk, Per, S. Kopp Mathiassen, and Torben Olesen. "Influence of a Mineral Oil Adjuvant on the Antagonism of Sethoxydim, Cycloxydim, and Clethodim by Bentazon." In Adjuvants for Agrichemicals, 433–40. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351069502-41.
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