Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clerical sex

Academic literature on the topic 'Clerical sex'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Clerical sex"

Elias, Allison L. "“Outside the Pyramid”: Clerical Work, Corporate Affirmative Action, and Working Women’s Barriers to Upward Mobility." Journal of Policy History 30, no. 2 (March 8, 2018): 301–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030618000106.

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Abstract:Although women have made tremendous gains at work, a striking degree of sex segregation still exists. For a generation of women who were working in low-paying, administrative support positions during the promising era of Title VII, affirmative action did not offer upward mobility. In the 1970s, as employers and regulators began implementing affirmative action amid the gendered structure of internal labor markets, women who were already in clerical roles remained outside the managerial pipeline. Women in 9to5, the National Association of Working Women, sought to bridge the gap between female-dominated clerical and male-dominated managerial ladders using collective action. Yet business and government did not enforce affirmative action such that the clustering of women in low-paid clerical positions constituted discrimination on the basis of sex. Work experience on the clerical ladder remains inadequate training for positions on the managerial ladder.

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Wertheimer, Laura. "Children of Disorder: Clerical Parentage, Illegitimacy, and Reform in the Middle Ages." Journal of the History of Sexuality 15, no. 3 (2006): 382–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sex.2007.0023.

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MCGLONE, GERARD J. "Prevalence and Incidence of Roman Catholic Clerical Sex Offenders." Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity 10, no. 2-3 (January 2003): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720160390230628.

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Majeres, Raymond L. "Serial comparison processes and sex differences in clerical speed." Intelligence 12, no. 2 (April 1988): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-2896(88)90013-x.

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SONGY, DAVID G. "Psychological and Spiritual Treatment of Roman Catholic Clerical Sex Offenders." Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity 10, no. 2-3 (January 2003): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720160390230655.

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Haigh, Christopher. "Dr. Temple's Pew: Sex and Clerical Status in the 1630s." Huntington Library Quarterly 68, no. 3 (September 2005): 497–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hlq.2005.68.3.497.

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PEARSON, HILARY M., and SHARON E. KAHN. "Women Clerical Workers: Sex-Role Socialization, Work Attitudes, and Values." Career Development Quarterly 37, no. 3 (March 1989): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1989.tb00829.x.

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Guirguis, Waguih R. "Sex Therapy." British Journal of Psychiatry 159, no. 4 (October 1991): 597–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.159.4.597.

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The first scientist to confront society with the central role of sex in human development was Freud. His method, the detailed and in depth analysis of the childhood experiences of a handful of upper class Viennese women, may be suspect by today's standard of scientific inquiry. It was, however, the first systematic attempt to study an area of human behaviour which was wrapped in mystery, prejudice and fear. His crucial and most controversial book,Three Essays on the Sexual Theory,was published in 1905 and branded at the time as an obscene book. A disclaimer from the publisher was attached to the English translation of this book which read: “The sale of this book is limited to Members of the Medical, Scholastic, Legal and Clerical professions”. If read together with Freud's earlier book,The Interpretation of Dreams(1899), these two books give the distinct impression that Freud did discover the problem of sexual abuse.

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Shore, Ted H., and Armen Tashchian. "Effects of Sex on Raters' Accountability." Psychological Reports 92, no. 2 (April 2003): 693–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2003.92.2.693.

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The effects of sex (rater and ratee) on raters' accountability in the context of performance appraisal were investigated. The 130 participating undergraduates (men and women) rated a fictitious male or female's performance on a clerical task subsequent to receiving self-assessment information. As expected, raters' knowledge of a high self-assessment was followed by significantly higher performance ratings than after knowledge of a low self-assessment. Contrary to expectations, no differences were found for either raters' or ratees' sex. The results suggest that the sex of the rater or ratee is not associated with raters' accountability.

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Cross, Richard, and Daniel Thoma. "The Collapse of Ascetical Discipline and Clerical Misconduct: Sex and Prayer." Linacre Quarterly 73, no. 1 (February 2006): 1–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20508549.2006.11877771.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clerical sex"

Boyer, Laura Kate. "The feminization of clerical work in early twentieth-century Montreal /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37873.

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This research examines the changing relationships of gender, place and identity wrought by women's entrance into Montreal's financial service sector between 1900 and 1930. I seek to answer two related questions. First, what kinds of identities were enabled in the new spaces created by the feminization of clerical work? In particular, how was gender, sexual, and ethno-linguistic difference constructed within the mixed-sex clerical workspace? Second, what effect did women's entrance into corporate workspaces in the financial district have on prevailing notions about gender, class and urban space? How did this change in labour markets affect representations of women in public more generally?
I make three arguments about women's entrance into Montreal's white-collar workforce. First, I argue that this process created a new kind of "contact zone" within and beyond the white-collar workplace. In these spaces, people came together across cleaves of difference, and ideas about nationalism, class, religion, and language were negotiated in new ways. Secondly, I argue that women's entrance into this sector of the labour market was marked by contradiction. On the one hand, women were held responsible for bringing sexuality into the white-collar workplace, and were sexualized within corporate culture. On the other hand, ideas about "respectability" defined through sexual propriety and corporeal restraint were central to the corporate image as well as media representations of female clerical workers. Finally, I argue that the feminization of clerical work re-mapped relations of gender, class and space. In the highly modernized offices of the financial district, ideas about public womanhood competed. I argue that this change in labour helped legitimize representations of modern womanhood which were consummately urban in nature.

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Bonetto, Mirian Salvestrin. "O amor sensual e o celibato clerical no Decameron, de Boccaccio /." São José do Rio Preto, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149729.

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Orientador: Maria Celeste Tommasello Ramos
Banca: Cláudia Maria Ceneviva Nigro
Banca: Leandro Passos
Resumo: Um dos temas de destaque na obra-prima de Giovanni Boccaccio, o Decameron, escrita por volta de 1353, é o amor sensual, vivenciado por seus personagens de forma realista e naturalista. Dentre esses personagens, encontramos membros do clero católico, celibatários, e é para eles que voltamos o nosso olhar. Pretendemos traçar as características da abordagem de Boccaccio ao tema do amor sensual no celibato clerical em dez novelle da obra e, com isso, levantar quais concepções de amor, indivíduo e natureza humana são encontradas nas entrelinhas dessas histórias. Para analisarmos o corpus, tomaremos como base a fundamentação do celibato na Igreja Católica, exposta por Brown (1990); a doutrina do amor em Boccaccio, que trata o amor sensual com realismo e naturalismo, abordada por Scaglione (1963) e Givens (1968); a retórica de Aristóteles (2006), já que os personagens usam a retórica para obter êxito na conquista amorosa; as considerações de Ó Cuilleanáin (1984) e Smarr (2014) sobre a representação decameroniana do clero; além de estudos sobre o autor e obra, como os de Auerbach (2007; 2013). Com base em Berger (1972) e Nodelman (1988), analisaremos ilustrações que representam o amor sensual praticado por personagens celibatários, feitas por Alex Cerveny. No Decameron, os clérigos são dessacralizados, retratados como homens comuns, nos quais a natureza e o instinto se fazem presentes. A nosso ver, esses homens e mulheres são levados pela instituição católica a abandonarem...
Abstract: One of the main themes in the masterpiece of Giovanni Boccaccio, the Decameron, written around 1353, is the sensual love, experienced by its characters in a realistic and naturalistic way. Among those characters, we find members of the Catholic clergy who are celibates, and who are the holders of our attention. We intend to describe the characteristics of Boccaccio's treatment of the sensual love theme in clerical celibacy in ten novelle from the book and present which conceptions of love, individual and human nature are found in those stories. To analyse the corpus, we will consider the foundation of celibacy in the Catholic Church, exposed by Brown (1990); the doctrine of love in Boccaccio, that treats sensual love with realism and naturalism, approached by Scaglione (1963) and Givens (1968); the Aristotle's rhetorics (2006), since the characters use rhetorics to succeed in loving conquest; the considerations of Ó Cuilleanáin (1984) and Smarr (2014) on the decameronian representation of the clergy; besides studies about the author and book, such as the ones by Auerbach (2007; 2013). Based on Berger (1972) and Nodelman (1988), we will analyse some illustrations which depict the sensual love experienced by celibate characters, drawn by Alex Cerveny. In the Decameron, clerics are unholy, portrayed as ordinary men, in whom nature and instinct are latent. In our view, these men and women must give up sexuality because of the Catholic Church doctrines, but they do not actually want to abdicate this aspect which is inherent to human life
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Colwell, Michael Patrick. "Maintenance of diocesan secret archives regarding sexual misconduct of clerics." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.

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"Gendered job and clerical workers in Hong Kong." 1998. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889757.

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by Yuen Siu Man Amy.
Thesis submitted in: August 1997.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-150).
Abstract also in Chinese.
Acknowledgments --- p.ii
Abstract --- p.iv
Contents --- p.vii
List of Tables and Figures --- p.ix
Chapter Chapter One: --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- "Women, Work and Gender Discrimination in Hong Kong" --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- A Hidden Problem --- p.2
Chapter 1.3 --- Argumentation Outline --- p.5
Chapter 1.4 --- Methodology --- p.11
Chapter 1.5 --- Structure of the Thesis --- p.13
Chapter Chapter Two: --- "Women, Gender Segregation and Career" --- p.15
Chapter 2.1 --- Theoretical Overview of Gender Segregation of Work --- p.15
Chapter 2.2 --- "Women, Work Attitudes and Career Patterns" --- p.24
Chapter 2.3 --- Framework and Conceptualization --- p.28
Chapter Chapter Three: --- The Overview of Gender Segregation of Work in Hong Kong --- p.32
Chapter 3.1 --- The Labor Force Participation of Women --- p.32
Chapter 3.2 --- Gender Segregation of Occupation --- p.35
Chapter 3.3 --- "Men's Income, Women's Income" --- p.44
Chapter 3.4 --- A Concluding Remark --- p.48
Chapter Chapter Four: --- Entering into the Clerical Work Force --- p.50
Chapter 4.1 --- Educational Credentials --- p.50
Chapter 4.2 --- Double Burden --- p.57
Chapter 4.3 --- Convenient Choice --- p.61
Chapter 4.4 --- A Concluding Remark --- p.64
Chapter Chapter Five: --- Three Types of Working Strategies --- p.65
Chapter 5.1 --- The Process of Reproduction of Gender Segregation of Work --- p.66
Chapter 5.2 --- Stable Working Strategy --- p.70
Chapter 5.3 --- Horizontal Mobility Working Strategy: a Privilege of the Young Women --- p.81
Chapter 5.4 --- The Strategy of Leaving Clerical Work: a Common Practice of the Young Men --- p.92
Chapter Chapter Six: --- Reconceptualization of Career --- p.104
Chapter 6.1 --- Different Life Concerns --- p.104
Chapter 6.2 --- Women's Attitudes Towards Paid Work --- p.108
Chapter 6.3 --- "Different Meanings of ""Career""" --- p.112
Chapter 6.4 --- Producing and Reproducing Gender Segregation of Work --- p.116
Chapter 6.5 --- "Reconceptualizing ""Career""" --- p.119
Chapter Chapter Seven: --- Conclusion --- p.122
Chapter 7.1 --- Between Gender and Within Gender Difference in Working Strategy --- p.122
Chapter 7.2 --- The Different Concepts of Career and the Reproduction of Gender Segregation --- p.126
Chapter 7.3 --- Theoretical Implications: Revision on Gender Segregation of Work --- p.128
Chapter 7.4 --- Practical Implications: Policy Implementation --- p.131
Appendix A: Profile of the Informants --- p.134
Appendix B: Questionnaire of the Interviews --- p.137
Bibliography --- p.143

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Shan, Hongxia. "Orientation towards 'clerical work' : institutional ethnographic study of immigrant women's experiences and employment-related services." 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=362499&T=F.

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Books on the topic "Clerical sex"

The process of occupational sex-typing: The feminization of clerical labor in Great Britain. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1985.

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1953-2016, Kavanagh Peter, ed. Suffer the children unto me: An open inquiry into the clerical sex abuse scandal. Toronto: Novalis, 2010.

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A, Alesandro John, and Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops., eds. Canonical delicts involving sexual misconduct and dismissal from the clerical state. Washington, D.C: National Conference of Catholic Bishops, 1995.

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Good work at the video display terminal: A feminist ethical analysis of changes in clerical work. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1989.

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Thomas, Marilyn. The diary: Sex, death, and God in the affairs of a Victorian cleric. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2007.

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Haour, Anne. Rulers, warriors, traders, clerics: The central Sahel and the North Sea, 800-1500. Oxford: Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 2007.

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Haour, Anne. Rulers, warriors, traders, clerics: The central Sahel and the North Sea, 800-1500. Oxford: Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 2007.

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Sarjoy, Felipe Guillermo. Celibato clerical: Experiencias y reflexiones de un ex-sacerdote. Editorial Dunken, 1998.

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Cohn, Samuel. The Process of Occupational Sex-Typing: The Feminization of Clerical Labor in Great Britain, 1870-1936 (Women in the Political Economy). Temple Univ Pr, 1986.

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Shan, Hongxia. Orientation towards 'clerical work': Institutional ethnographic study of immigrant women's experiences and employment-related services. 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clerical sex"

Menon, Patricia. "George Eliot and “The Clerical Sex”: From Scenes of Clerical Life to Middlemarch." In Austen, Eliot, Charlotte Brontë and the Mentor-Lover, 129–62. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230512047_6.

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Swain, Shurlee. "Giving Voice to Narratives of Institutional Sex Abuse." In Interdisciplinary Feminist Perspectives on Crimes of Clerical Child Sexual Abuse, 85–100. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429450822-8.

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Armstrong-Partida, Michelle. "Proof of Manhood." In Defiant Priests. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501707735.003.0003.

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This chapter looks at the sexuality of parish clergy and their masculine identity, exploring why priests were involved in relationships that were, for all intents and purposes, marriages. Indiscriminate sex alone was not enough to prove manliness; marriage and progeny were central attributes of the dominant forms of masculinity in medieval society. However, acquiring adult male status and attaining the role of paterfamilias was more than just a way for clerics to take part in a common social practice. Although clerical unions would never be on par with lay marriages because they lacked legal recognition and the ceremonial trappings of a relationship sanctioned in the eyes of the Church, these marriage-like relationships nevertheless afforded clerics important social and familial roles as husbands and fathers. Moreover, the role of husband and father allowed clerics to participate in the culture of lay masculinity.

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Dumenil, Lynn. "The Second Line of Defense." In The Second Line of Defense. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.003.0005.

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This chapter explores the extent to which sex segregated labor patterns broke down during the war, especially in the railroads and munitions sectors. It also discusses the Great Migration of African Americans and the opportunities – albeit limited – that factory war work provided African Americans who had customarily been relegated to domestic and farm labor work. World War I saw the first enlistment of women in the military where they served stateside in clerical work. Even women doing traditional women’s work during World War I– clerical work or the already feminized profession of social work – found expanded opportunities with government agencies such as the Woman's Branch of the Industrial Section of the Ordnance Department and the Railroad Administration's Women's Service Section. Despite these opportunities, the permanent gains for women’s occupational advance were limited and patterns of sex segregation re-emerged as men returned from war.

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Orsi, Robert A. "What Is Catholic about the Clergy Sex Abuse Crisis?" In Anthropology of Catholicism. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520288423.003.0022.

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This chapter explores a question often asked about survivors of clerical sexual abuse: do they remain Catholic? Such a question, this chapter argues, fails to account for the complex reality. Survivors were abused as youngsters so they were usually unable to determine this for themselves. The insistence of adults that children and teenagers who were abused continue going to church was another way of denying the reality of the abuse. (“They drove me to my abuser,” one survivor said of his parents.) Many survivors remained faithful Catholics into adulthood. But most survivors describe a moment when being at Mass became physically and emotionally painful. For many the decision to stay or leave was not simple or final. Some survivors developed strategies for protecting themselves from further fear and harm as they continued attending Mass; others found ways of being both inside and outside the church; still others made different choices over time. The struggle of many survivors with the church in which they were religiously formed, encountered the sacred, and were abused—abuse that always had religious context and significance—offers a revealing perspective on Catholics and Catholicism in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.

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Glasius, Marlies. "Institutional Authoritarian Practices." In Authoritarian Practices in a Global Age, 152–88. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192862655.003.0007.

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Abstract This chapter examines institutional authoritarian practices surrounding child sexual abuse by the Catholic clergy. It starts with a focus on the handling of allegations against five priests at two sites within the Catholic Church: the Irish diocese of Cloyne and the Salesian order’s Australia-Pacific province. From there, it widens out to consider broader patterns associated with covering up clergy abuse in other Irish dioceses and elsewhere in the Salesian order, contextualizing them within to national-level Church initiatives to handle child sexual abuse complaints and the Vatican’s responses. By applying an authoritarian practices perspective, the chapter shows how the Catholic Church’s main organizational and cultural features—shared to a varying extent by other religious institutions—may foster silencing, secrecy, and lies. A culture of obedience impeded internal critiques and whistle-blowing. Church doctrines encompassed various forms of secrecy. Reputation was naturally believed to be best protected by secrecy, not by reform. The Church’s governance structure facilitated keeping sensitive information restricted. Sex in general, and ordained priests having sexual urges in particular, was a taboo subject. And a sense of clerical superiority facilitated devaluing and disbelieving the voices of victims. While Pope Francis I has made important changes in the Church’s handling of clerical abuse, the Catholic Church’s main organizational and cultural features persist.

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Katajala-Peltomaa, Sari. "The Need for Control." In Demonic Possession and Lived Religion in Later Medieval Europe, 150–77. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850465.003.0007.

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Demons concretely penetrated the body of the victim and occasionally possession cases had sexual connotations. In the didactic material, demonic presence was linked to women’s promiscuity, but ultimately the question was not one of women’s carnality or immorality, but of hierarchy—who was to define the proper religious practice. This chapter argues that disobedience towards clerical authorities was demonized; demonic sex and feminine lust served to propagate proper order, proper ritual practice, the position of the clergy, and the sanctity of a saint. For the victims, demons were a rhetorical resource revealing inner conflict, and turning one’s experiences into the language of the demonic may have been the only way to act out tribulations in a comprehensible manner. On a cultural level, cases with sexual undertones reveal the fears the ultimate uncontrollability of inner spirituality caused and show that chastity was a cultural sore point.

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Dubourg, Ninon. "Legal Origins of the Prohibition on Clerical Disability." In Disabled Clerics in the Late Middle Ages. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721561_ch01.

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This chapter investigates the legal origins of the prohibition against impaired clerics. Petitions and letters helped to define ‘invalidity’ as a legal category, since they contributed directly to medieval canon law’s statutes regarding so-called ‘defects’ of body and mind. This institutional construction of disability allowed the Apostolic See to set a standard for bodies and minds, in order to distinguish the normatively able-bodied from those deemed ‘abnormal’, impaired. The Papal Chancery thus defined a physical standard in which a body diverging from the norm was considered ‘defective’, and thereby unfit for clerical office, according to two criteria: its capacity and its image. They were only two mitigating factors for disabled clerics: their innocence and their ‘ignorance’ (i.e., their lack of ‘culpability’) in relation to the existence of their impairment.

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Harris, Carissa M. "“With a cunt”." In Obscene Pedagogies, 67–102. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501755293.003.0003.

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This chapter highlights the poets at the sixteenth-century Scottish court who use obscene misogyny to foster homosocial community and teach one another codes of masculine sexuality. It details the discussion of insult poetry, in which men use obscene misogyny to teach one another to refrain from intercourse altogether. These exchanges in the literary insult battles known as “flytings,” dislodge the primacy of copulating with women from models of exemplary masculinity. In the code espoused by Chaucer's faction, not having sex is unmanly, while for the flyters over a century later, intercourse imperils one's masculinity and bodily sovereignty. Ultimately, the chapter reveals how flyters draw on three separate but overlapping misogynist cultural traditions to teach their lessons about sexuality: the internalized misogyny in women's criminal quarrels that accuses women of breaking patriarchal rules governing sexual conduct; the literary misogyny articulated by aged male lyric voices that views women's bodies as devouring men's virility; and the clerical misogyny that encourages men to eschew matrimony by invoking women's inherent lasciviousness and moral depravity.

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Eliot, George. "Chapter VI." In Scenes of Clerical Life. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199689606.003.0008.

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One November morning, at least six months after the Countess Czerlaski had taken up her residence at the vicarage, Mrs Hackit heard that her neighbour Mrs Patten had an attack of her old complaint, vaguely called ‘the spasms.’ Accordingly, about eleven o’clock,...

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Conference papers on the topic "Clerical sex"

Ginigaddara, B., S. Perera, Y. Feng, and P. Rahnamayiezekavat. "Offsite construction skills prediction: A conceptual model." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.52.

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Industry 4.0 driven technological advancements have accelerated the uptake of Offsite Construction (OSC), causing the need for re-skilling, up-skilling, and multi-skilling traditional onsite construction skills and competencies. The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model that predicts OSC skills as a response to the OSC demand. The paper is a theoretical presentation of a skill profile prediction model which introduces the key concepts, OSC typology, OSC skill classification and their relationships. Components, panels, pods, modules, and complete buildings represent the OSC typology. Managers, professionals, technicians, and trade workers, clerical and administration workers, machine operators and drivers, and labourers constitute the OSC skill classification. The conceptual model takes the OSC project parameters: gross floor area, OSC value percentage and skill quantities as input and provides predicted skill variations as the output. The skills are quantified in “manhours/m2” under six skill categories, for five distinct OSC types. As such, the research presents a comprehensive conceptual model for the development of an OSC skills predictor to capture the skill variations and demand in a construction market moving towards rapid industrialisation. The research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by identifying the key concepts, parameters, and mutual relationships of those parameters that are needed to develop a realistic prediction of future trends of OSC skills.

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Bartulović, Željko. "IZBORI ZA USTAVOTVORNU SKUPŠTINU U MODRUŠKO-RIJEČKOJ ŽUPANIJI 1920. GODINE." In 100 GODINA OD VIDOVDANSKOG USTAVA. Faculty of law, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/zbvu21.207b.

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The elections for the Constituent Assembly of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1920 may show the political orientation of the voters and the acceptance of the party programs that the parties advocated during the pre-election period and in the work of the assembly. The elections were held in a part of the Modruš-Rijeka district that was not under Italian occupation, which significantly affected the results. Within the constituency, three areas are distinguished. Kordun with a predominantly Serb population votes for unitarian-centralist parties (“Pribićevićs“ and Radicals), and Croats for Croatian and federalist parties (Croatian Republican Peasant Party - CRPP and Party of Rights). It is similar in Gorki Kotar with the Croatian majority. In Primorje, there is a dispersion of votes between the Unitarians and the CRPP, with a smaller share going to the Radicals, the Croatian Popular Party (“clericals“) and the Communists. In the constituency, the Democrats won with 31.65% of the vote, the CRPP won 24.90%, communists 15.81%, and the rightists 12.53%. Three members of the Democrats, three members of the CRPP, one communist and one member of Party of Rights were elected. The Democrats brought together Yugoslav politicians, but not an integral one denied by the “tribes“, but pre-war coastal right-wingers who, in fear of Italian irredentism, wanted a strong state. The CRPP has not been successful in the Littoral, which, under pressure from the regime, can be attributed to a state program that does not suit coastal Croats. Those in the party's struggle against centralism and unitarism in the CRPP see the specter of separatism, which goes against the state as a shield against irredentism.

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Antoine Moinnereau, Marc, Tiago Henrique Falk, and Alcyr Alves De Oliveira. "Measuring Human Influential Factors During VR Gaming at Home: Towards Optimized Per-User Gaming Experiences." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002056.

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It is known that human influential factors (HIFs, e.g., sense of presence/immersion; attention, stress, and engagement levels; fun factors) play a crucial role in the gamer’s perceived immersive media experience [1]. To this end, recent research has explored the use of affective brain-/body-computer interfaces to monitor such factors [2, 3]. Typically, studies have been conducted in laboratory settings and have relied on research-grade neurophysiological sensors. Transferring the obtained knowledge to everyday settings, however, is not straightforward, especially since it requires cumbersome and long preparation times (e.g., placing electroencephalography caps, gel, test impedances) which could be overwhelming for gamers. To overcome this limitation, we have recently developed an instrumented “plug-and-play” virtual reality head-mounted display (termed iHMD) [4] which directly embeds a number of dry ExG sensors (electroencephalography, EEG; electrocardiography, ECG; electromyography, EMG; and electrooculography, EoG) into the HMD. A portable bioamplifier is used to collect, stream, and/or store the biosignals in real-time. Moreover, a software suite has been developed to automatically measure signal quality [5], enhance the biosignals [6, 7, 8], infer breathing rate from the ECG [9], and extract relevant HIFs from the post-processed signals [3, 10, 11]. More recently, we have also developed companion software to allow for use and monitoring of the device at the gamer’s home with minimal experimental supervision, hence exploring its potential use truly “in the wild”. The iHMD, VR controllers, and a laptop, along with a copy of the Half-Life: Alyx videogame, were dropped off at the homes of 10 gamers who consented to participate in the study. All public health COVID-19 protocols were followed, including sanitizing the iHMD in a UV-C light chamber and with sanitizing wipes 48h prior to dropping the equipment off. Instructions on how to set up the equipment and the game, as well as a google form with a multi-part questionnaire [12] to be answered after the game were provided via videoconference. The researcher remained available remotely in case any participant questions arose, but otherwise, interventions were minimal. Participants were asked to play the game for around one hour and none of the participants reported cybersickness. This paper details the obtained results from this study and shows the potential of measuring HIFs from ExG signals collected “in the wild,” as well as their use in remote gaming experience monitoring. In particular, we will show the potential of measuring gamer engagement and sense of presence from the collected signals and their influence on overall experience. The next steps will be to use these signals and inferred HIFs to adjust the game in real-time, thus maximizing the experience for each individual gamer.References[1] Perkis, A., et al, 2020. QUALINET white paper on definitions of immersive media experience (IMEx). arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.07032.[2] Gupta, R., et al, 2016. Using affective BCIs to characterize human influential factors for speech QoE perception modelling. Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences, 6(1):1-19.[3] Clerico, A., et al, 2016, Biometrics and classifier fusion to predict the fun-factor in video gaming. In IEEE Conf Comp Intell and Games (pp. 1-8).[4] Cassani, R., et al 2020. Neural interface instrumented virtual reality headsets: Toward next-generation immersive applications. IEEE SMC Mag, 6(3):20-28.[5] Tobon, D. et al, 2014. MS-QI: A modulation spectrum-based ECG quality index for telehealth applications. IEEE TBE, 63(8):1613-1622.[6] Tobón, D. and Falk, T.H., 2016. Adaptive spectro-temporal filtering for electrocardiogram signal enhancement. IEEE JBHI, 22(2):421-428.[7] dos Santos, E., et al, 2020. Improved motor imagery BCI performance via adaptive modulation filtering and two-stage classification. Biomed Signal Proc Control, Vol. 57.[8] Rosanne, O., et al, 2021. Adaptive filtering for improved EEG-based mental workload assessment of ambulant users. Front. Neurosci, Vol.15.[9] Cassani, R., et al, 2018. Respiration rate estimation from noisy electrocardiograms based on modulation spectral analysis. CMBES Proc., Vol. 41.[10] Tiwari, A. and Falk, T.H., 2021. New Measures of Heart Rate Variability based on Subband Tachogram Complexity and Spectral Characteristics for Improved Stress and Anxiety Monitoring in Highly Ecological Settings. Front Signal Proc, Vol.7.[11] Moinnereau, M.A., 2020, Saccadic Eye Movement Classification Using ExG Sensors Embedded into a Virtual Reality Headset. In IEEE Conf SMC, pp. 3494-3498.[12] Tcha-Tokey, K., et al, 2016. Proposition and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure the User Experience in Immersive Virtual Environments. Intl J Virtual Reality, 16:33-48.

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