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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 22 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)"

1

Koakutsu, Kazuhisa, and Yuji Mizuno. "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 20, no. 4 (2009): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.20.149.

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Burian, Martin, and Christof Arens. "The clean development mechanism." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 166–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-03-2013-0033.

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Purpose – Since the registration of the first clean development mechanism (CDM) project in 2004, the CDM has seen a dynamic expansion: the CDM pipeline currently comprises 6,725 projects generating 2.73 billion certified emission reductions (CERs) up to 2012. These CERs result in a substantial financial flow from Annex I to Non-Annex I countries. But CDM projects also result in investments in low carbon technologies, a substantial share of which is focused on the energy sector. The total installed capacity of all CDM projects amounts to 288,944 MW. However, the CDM is not widely taken up in Africa. This holds true for Africa's share in the CDM project pipeline (2.62 per cent), for Africa's share in CERs generated up to 2012 (3.58 per cent) and for the normalized CERs per capita, per country. Two hypothesizes are commonly discussed: first, the continent features low per capita emissions and low abatement potentials. Second, African countries may be hampered by weak institutional frameworks. This article reviews both hypotheses and presents new empirical data. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Investigating the greenhouse gas (GHS) abatement potential of 16 energy-related sectors for 11 selected least developed countries in sub-Saharan Africa shows a total theoretical CDM potential of 128.6 million CERs per year. Analyzing investment indicators confirms that most countries are impeded by below average investment conditions. Findings – It is concluded that Africa offers a considerable range of substantial abatement potentials. However, the weak institutional framework is limiting the uptake of the CDM in Africa. This is underpinned by an analysis which shows if a CDM sector has high investment cost, Africa will have a low share in the sector. If the sector has low investment needs per CER, Africa's share in the CDM sector will be bigger. Investment needs and Africa's share in the pipeline feature a negative correlation. Research limitations/implications – Supporting CDM development in Africa should not be constraint to technical assistance. It will be crucial to develop an integrated financing approach, comprising the CDM as a co-financing mechanism, to overcome the institutional challenges. Originality/value – Until today, there are few empirical studies that use concrete criteria and indicators to show why the CDM is underrepresented in Africa. The work presented here contributes to filling this gap.

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Muchelulea, Yusuf, and Kevin Mulama. "The Clean development mechanism." Journal of Management and Science 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2016.10.

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The Clean development mechanism (CDM) is a new tool for promoting sustainable development in developing countries. It was established by the Kyoto Protocol under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It promises developed countries certified emission reductions (CERs) if they comply with their quantified emission targets and developing countries sustainable development benefits if they participate and invest in clean renewable technologies. Energy development through investments in clean technology transfer can contribute to sustainable development. However, sustainable development will only be achieved if current barriers and gaps facing CDM project implementation in Kenya are mitigated or removed altogether paving way for the development of more CDM projects in Kenya.

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Gupta, Anil. "Clean development mechanism of Kyoto Protocol." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-09-2012-0051.

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Purpose – This paper aims to review the developments in India with respect to clean development mechanism (CDM) of Kyoto Protocol to assess the achievements during first Kyoto Protocol period (2008-2012) in climate change mitigation and suggest measure for better participation during the second commitment period. The paper further makes an attempt to explore the experience, concerns and expectations of the Indian project proponents of green projects registered with CDM Executive Board. Design/methodology/approach – This paper employs two methods: informal interviews with executives of World Bank, Designated National Authority (DNA) of India for CDM, leading international CDM consulting firms and a questionnaire survey of Indian CDM projects proponents. Findings – During first commitment period valid up to December 31, 2012, India remained active participant in the CDM, the only mechanism of Kyoto Protocol where developing countries can participate and join in mitigation of climate change, through the development of green projects and thereby earning additional revenue in terms of carbon finance by sale of carbon credits. The study finds out that in the global CDM experience, India's role is striking with its second highest share both in terms of number of projects registered worldwide and in generation of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs). Originality/value – This paper provides several recommendations for strengthening the institutional frame work in India with respect to CDM as well as suggestions to policy makers for consideration while charting out future policies and programs addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation oriented towards better participation in climate change mitigation during the second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol.

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Aggarwal, Pravesh, and Rupesh Aggarwal. "Examining perspectives and dimensions of clean development mechanism." International Journal of Law and Management 59, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 82–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-09-2015-0050.

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Purpose This paper aims to critically evaluate the working of the clean development mechanism (CDM) particularly in developing and least developed countries in the light of recent developments. Design/methodology/approach Part I of the paper delves upon various international rules governing the CDM. Part II of the paper draws out the rationale behind the introduction of the CDM under the Kyoto Protocol so as to provide a basis for its critical assessment in actual practice, as dealt with in Part III. Finally, the paper makes a concluding remark and suggests a way forward. Findings It is submitted that the CDM suffers from a gamut of concerns, which need to be adequately addressed. The business-centric approach followed by the investors of CDM projects has been a major reason behind denial of social, economic and environmental benefits pertinent for attaining sustainable development in the developing countries. The urge to derive economic benefits resulting from their investment has made the developing countries more competitive but turn a blind eye to reduced standards maintained for sustainable development. Besides, long-term benefits arising out of such projects, along with greater public participation of local stakeholders in CDM activities, have usually taken a backseat. A need is there to involve the CDM in the agricultural sector, which would have long-term benefits. Besides, it is required to enhance local stakeholder consultation, which ensures that people affected by a CDM project can give a timely, meaningful input to a proposed project. In the 80th meeting of the CDM Executive Board, held in Bonn, it was further decided that the complaints of the local stakeholders shall be given effect through subsequent changes in the project design of the CDM pipeline, along with their consultation before the real start of the project. Greater participation will also be ensured through increased publically available data on CDM projects. Originality/value The paper is original and brings out some valuable suggestions to improve the working of the CDM.

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Mohammed, Sani Damamisau. "Clean development mechanism and carbon emissions in Nigeria." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 11, no. 3 (November 3, 2019): 523–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-05-2017-0041.

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Purpose Carbon emissions from gas flaring in the Nigerian oil and gas industry are both a national and international problem. Nigerian government policies to eliminate the problem 1960-2016 yielded little or no results. The Kyoto Protocol (KP) provides Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as an international market-based mechanism to reducing global carbon emissions. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analytically highlight the potentials of CDM in eliminating carbon emissions in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviewed the historical background of Kyoto protocol, Nigerian Government policies to eliminating gas flaring in its oil and gas industry 1960-2016 and CDM projects in the industry. The effectiveness of the policies and CDM projects towards ending this problem were descriptively analysed. Findings Government policies towards eliminating gas flaring with its attendant carbon emissions appeared not to be yielding the desired results. However, projects registered under CDM in the industry looks effective in ending the problem. Research limitations/implications Therefore, the success recorded by CDM projects has the policy implication of encouraging Nigeria to engage on establishing more CDM projects that ostensibly proved effective in reducing CO2 emissions through gas flaring reductions in its oil and gas industry. Apparent effectiveness of studied CDM should provide a way forward for the country in eliminating gas flaring in its oil and gas industry which is also a global menace. Nigeria could achieve this by providing all needed facilitation to realising more CDM investments. Practical implications CDM as a policy has proved effective in eliminating gas flaring in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. The government should adopt this international policy to achieve more gas flaring reductions. Social implications Social problems of respiratory diseases, water pollution and food shortage among others due to gas flaring are persisting in oil and gas producing areas as government policies failed to end the problem. CDM projects in the industry have proved effective in eliminating the problem, thus improving the social welfare of the people and ensuring sustainable development. Originality/value The paper analysed the effectiveness of Nigerian Government policies and an international market-based mechanism towards ending gas flaring in its oil and gas industry.

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Deshun, Liu, and Taishi Sugiyama. "Clean Development Mechanism for Power Infrastructures for China's Sustainable Development." Energy & Environment 13, no. 3 (July 2002): 435–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830502320268278.

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What is the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)? The establishment of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a significant achievement in the political negotiations on the implementation of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). CDM is stipulated in Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol (KP), where assisting developing country Parties in achieving sustainable development is explicitly listed as a purpose in parallel with the others. Developed country Parties are to be assisted in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment (QELRC) under Article 3 by acquiring Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) accrued from the CDM. This win-win mechanism reflects two arguments: the responsibility of developed countries for past greenhouse gas emissions, and the legitimate priority needs of developing countries for their social and economic development and poverty eradication. It should be kept in mind, therefore, that when formulating the strategic policy of the CDM, one important principle to be followed is that CDM projects must be compatible with and supportive of national environments and sustainable development priorities and strategies of developing country Parties.

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Subbarao, Srikanth, and Bob Lloyd. "Can the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) deliver?" Energy Policy 39, no. 3 (March 2011): 1600–1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.12.036.

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Shi, Beibei, Lei Wu, and Rong Kang. "Clean Development, Energy Substitution, and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Project Implementation in China." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 16, 2021): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020860.

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In the face of increasingly severe climate change and its disastrous effects, how to effectively tackle it and reduce carbon dioxide emissions has become an important global issue. Clean development mechanism (CDM) project implementation provides an opportunity for more developing countries to actively participate in global climate governance. As the largest global emitter of carbon dioxide, have China’s CDM projects slowed down carbon dioxide emissions? In order to answer this question, the study constructs panel data at the provincial level from 2000 to 2017 to investigate the emission-reduction effects of China’s CDM projects. Results showed that China’s CDM projects’ implementation significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) and the growth rate of carbon dioxide emissions. The emission reduction effects of different types of CDM projects have obvious heterogeneity. In addition, this study further found that China’s CDM projects’ implementation can not only effectively substitute traditional fossil energy, but also improve energy-utilization efficiency.

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Bhullar, Lovleen. "REDD+ and the Clean Development Mechanism: A comparative perspective." International Journal of Rural Law and Policy, no. 1 (April 22, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijrlp.i1.2013.3229.

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The program, ‘Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation’ (REDD), which operates within the international climate change policy framework, is projected to emerge as one of the key climate change mitigation mechanisms for developing countries. The existing Afforestation/Reforestation (A/R) mechanism, operating under the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, may prove useful for drawing lessons for the emerging REDD program, since both mechanisms represent flexible means for developed countries to achieve compliance with their mitigation targets under the Kyoto Protocol. The possible means include CDM as the basis for a project-based approach for the implementation of REDD (if adopted) or the inclusion of REDD within CDM. This article compares the features of A/R CDM and REDD, identifies similarities and differences, and analyses the extent to which the former can provide guidance for the development of a carbon governance mechanism for REDD.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)"

1

Zeng, Lei. "Clean development Mechanism (CDM) Policy and Implementation in China." Licentiate thesis, Västerås : Department of Public Technology, Mälardalen University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-163.

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au, robi_amin@yahoo com, and Md Rabiul Amin. "Technology Transfer For Sustainable Development Through Clean Development Mechanism (CDM): The Bangladesh Perspectives." Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060216.160551.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as a new instrument for technology transfer to developing countries, especially Bangladesh, in order to analyse its potential and develop policies and strategies for its successful implementation. The main research question the thesis addresses is whether the Clean Development Mechanism can assist the sustainable development of developing countries, such as Bangladesh. Under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism allows developed countries to invest in abatement opportunities in developing countries and receive credit for the resulting emissions reductions, thus becoming a tool for technology transfer. In the past, developing countries have been eager to participate in technology transfer but this has often come at a cost and not in the most beneficial way. The spirit of the CDM is to support sustainable development and encourage mutually beneficial transfer of appropriate technologies. The CDM is a form of market tool in which valuable goods and services are to be bought and sold. A number of technical, regulatory, project finance and administrative functions must be performed for this tool to operate. Many of these functions may be most effectively undertaken by private markets or existing international institutions. However, developing countries face problems during international technology transfer, that are still apparent under the CDM; for example: lack of proper knowledge, inadequate bargaining power, insufficient skilled persons and capable human resources, not enough adaptive capabilities, limited number of sophisticated physical facilities, fear about the effective control over national assets, uncertainty about the effects of foreign investment on the exploitation of national resources, etc. On the other hand, the CDM has the potential to fund technological leapfrogging that would enable developing countries to bypass inefficient choices, such as coal technology, made by industrialised countries. Poverty alleviation and development problems have been the main concern of poor countries among an obvious shortage of good will on the part of governments in industrialised countries to contribute towards these aims. New mechanisms that can stimulate investment from government as well as the private sector are needed to combat these shortcomings. Does the CDM have the potential to contribute to these broader goals? This research explores how the Clean Development Mechanism can potentially play such a role and how suitable it is within the broader picture of poverty and underdevelopment in the case of Bangladesh. This thesis argues that the CDM, which came into force early in 2005, has the potential to become a useful tool in coping with climate change and benefit the entire global population. However, the majority of developing countries will have to balance national necessities, such as poverty eradication, food security and education, with encouraging CDM projects. The only way the CDM can contribute to sustainable development in these parts of the world (including Bangladesh) is if the mechanism embraces simultaneously social, economic and environmental responsibility and avoids becoming yet another tool to make the economically rich more richer.

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Amin, Mohammed Rabiul. "Technology transfer for sustainable development through clean development mechanism (CDM) : the Bangladesh perspectives /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2005.

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4

Amin, Md Rabiul. "Technology transfer for sustainable development through clean development mechanism (CDM): the Bangladesh perspectives." Thesis, Amin, Md. Rabiul (2005) Technology transfer for sustainable development through clean development mechanism (CDM): the Bangladesh perspectives. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51/.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as a new instrument for technology transfer to developing countries, especially Bangladesh, in order to analyse its potential and develop policies and strategies for its successful implementation. The main research question the thesis addresses is whether the Clean Development Mechanism can assist the sustainable development of developing countries, such as Bangladesh. Under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism allows developed countries to invest in abatement opportunities in developing countries and receive credit for the resulting emissions reductions, thus becoming a tool for technology transfer. In the past, developing countries have been eager to participate in technology transfer but this has often come at a cost and not in the most beneficial way. The spirit of the CDM is to support sustainable development and encourage mutually beneficial transfer of appropriate technologies. The CDM is a form of market tool in which valuable goods and services are to be bought and sold. A number of technical, regulatory, project finance and administrative functions must be performed for this tool to operate. Many of these functions may be most effectively undertaken by private markets or existing international institutions. However, developing countries face problems during international technology transfer, that are still apparent under the CDM; for example: lack of proper knowledge, inadequate bargaining power, insufficient skilled persons and capable human resources, not enough adaptive capabilities, limited number of sophisticated physical facilities, fear about the effective control over national assets, uncertainty about the effects of foreign investment on the exploitation of national resources, etc. On the other hand, the CDM has the potential to fund 'technological leapfrogging' that would enable developing countries to bypass inefficient choices, such as coal technology, made by industrialised countries. Poverty alleviation and development problems have been the main concern of poor countries among an obvious shortage of good will on the part of governments in industrialised countries to contribute towards these aims. New mechanisms that can stimulate investment from government as well as the private sector are needed to combat these shortcomings. Does the CDM have the potential to contribute to these broader goals? This research explores how the Clean Development Mechanism can potentially play such a role and how suitable it is within the broader picture of poverty and underdevelopment in the case of Bangladesh. This thesis argues that the CDM, which came into force early in 2005, has the potential to become a useful tool in coping with climate change and benefit the entire global population. However, the majority of developing countries will have to balance national necessities, such as poverty eradication, food security and education, with encouraging CDM projects. The only way the CDM can contribute to sustainable development in these parts of the world (including Bangladesh) is if the mechanism embraces simultaneously social, economic and environmental responsibility and avoids becoming yet another tool to make the economically rich more richer.

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Amin, Md Rabiul. "Technology transfer for sustainable development through clean development mechanism (CDM): the Bangladesh perspectives." Amin, Md. Rabiul (2005) Technology transfer for sustainable development through clean development mechanism (CDM): the Bangladesh perspectives. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/51/.

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Abstract:

The aim of this thesis is to examine the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as a new instrument for technology transfer to developing countries, especially Bangladesh, in order to analyse its potential and develop policies and strategies for its successful implementation. The main research question the thesis addresses is whether the Clean Development Mechanism can assist the sustainable development of developing countries, such as Bangladesh. Under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism allows developed countries to invest in abatement opportunities in developing countries and receive credit for the resulting emissions reductions, thus becoming a tool for technology transfer. In the past, developing countries have been eager to participate in technology transfer but this has often come at a cost and not in the most beneficial way. The spirit of the CDM is to support sustainable development and encourage mutually beneficial transfer of appropriate technologies. The CDM is a form of market tool in which valuable goods and services are to be bought and sold. A number of technical, regulatory, project finance and administrative functions must be performed for this tool to operate. Many of these functions may be most effectively undertaken by private markets or existing international institutions. However, developing countries face problems during international technology transfer, that are still apparent under the CDM; for example: lack of proper knowledge, inadequate bargaining power, insufficient skilled persons and capable human resources, not enough adaptive capabilities, limited number of sophisticated physical facilities, fear about the effective control over national assets, uncertainty about the effects of foreign investment on the exploitation of national resources, etc. On the other hand, the CDM has the potential to fund 'technological leapfrogging' that would enable developing countries to bypass inefficient choices, such as coal technology, made by industrialised countries. Poverty alleviation and development problems have been the main concern of poor countries among an obvious shortage of good will on the part of governments in industrialised countries to contribute towards these aims. New mechanisms that can stimulate investment from government as well as the private sector are needed to combat these shortcomings. Does the CDM have the potential to contribute to these broader goals? This research explores how the Clean Development Mechanism can potentially play such a role and how suitable it is within the broader picture of poverty and underdevelopment in the case of Bangladesh. This thesis argues that the CDM, which came into force early in 2005, has the potential to become a useful tool in coping with climate change and benefit the entire global population. However, the majority of developing countries will have to balance national necessities, such as poverty eradication, food security and education, with encouraging CDM projects. The only way the CDM can contribute to sustainable development in these parts of the world (including Bangladesh) is if the mechanism embraces simultaneously social, economic and environmental responsibility and avoids becoming yet another tool to make the economically rich more richer.

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Jaynutapong, Sawayos. "Sustainability Ascertainment for CDM: : The case study of renewable energy projects in China." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-58631.

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China’s spectacular economic growth during the last decade has brought many benefits and challenges. As China poised to leapfrog today’s global economics creates huge negative environmental impact thus make China becomes one of the biggest potential to reduce its emissions. Further, China made rapid progress in learning how to mitigate its pollution by becoming the major player of the global carbon market with expecting to have its own cost efficient for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by learning through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). However, to assist Annex I countries in meeting their greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets with cost-effective reduction is not the only goal of CDM but also to achieve sustainable development in non-Annex I countries. Nonetheless, the first objective is measurable in term of the greenhouse gas reduction amount while the second objective is difficult to determine due to lacking of clear procedure and well proven methodologies and limited knowledge on the application of CDM sustainable development assessment. As China being the major player in CDM market especially in renewable energy projects therefore sustainability assessment are needed to ascertain if CDM projects are actually contributing to sustainable development. The research question that this paper aims to answer: How to measure sustainability performance from CDM renewables projects in China? I will discuss and propose a sustainability assessment tool which is based on quantified data. To provide solutions to this problem, the aim translates into a set of six specific research questions: What is the definition and criterion for CDM projects in regards to its contribution to sustainable development in China?, What are the requirements for an effective sustainability assessment for CDM renewables projects?, How suitable are the existing methodology in respond to determine sustainable development performance?, Is the developed methodology applicable with CDM renewables projects in China?, What is the best sustainable CDM renewable energy project for China?, What will China benefit in implementing this developed methodology? A SWOT analysis distinguished the MATA-CDM methodology from the other methodologies, and an appraising tool was further developed. With a flexibility and people related preferences, this tool is applicable to any size of project. As one of the objectives of the thesis is to help China define better sustainable development criteria and indicators, the ultimate sustainability performance ascertainment tool offers the height of rarity and possibility to ensure sustainability performance results for each and every examined CDM renewable energy project in China. The results of the fiveregistered CDM projects are actively exhibited that they have positively promoted sustainable development in China, even though a few projects have been ineffective in the development. Thus to improve sustainability performance of a project, project developer need to understand the implication of China’s sustainable development criteria and better understand the activities that can truly improve project sustainability performance an with the developed methodology, China can improve its society, environment, and nation economy in terms of sustainable development.

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de, Souza Roberta Haikal. "Distributional Impact of an Ethanol-Based Clean Development Mechanism Project In Brazil." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1113338406.

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Muvundika, Alick Bulala. "Development of a framework for assessing sustainability benefits of landfill gas Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2015. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/12874/.

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The twin objectives of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) are to assist developing country host nations in achieving sustainable development, and to assist developed countries in meeting their greenhouse gases (GHG) emission reduction targets. This is achieved through implementing GHG abatement projects in developing countries. There has been increased attention in the contribution of CDM projects to sustainable development in host nations. Previous research has suggested that, when left to market forces, the CDM does not contribute effectively to sustainable development. One likely reason is that host nations define and evaluate projects contribution to sustainable development. This has led to a “race to bottom” with regard to setting sustainability standards triggered by a concern that project developers prioritise CDM investments in countries with lower sustainability standards. Researchers have identified the need for an international standard for assessing sustainable development benefits of CDM projects. The main aim of this research was to develop an international level framework for assessing sustainable development benefits of CDM projects with a specific focus on landfill gas (LFG) projects. An in-depth literature review was carried out to establish the link between sustainable development benefits of CDM projects in general, and LFG CDM projects in particular. A case study methodology was used to develop an understanding of landfill management practices at three existing landfill sites both in developed (n=1) and developing countries (n=2). The results from the literature review and case studies were utilized to develop the framework for assessing sustainable development benefits of LFG CDM projects. The developed framework comprises three sustainable development dimensions and 12 criteria with 16 matching indicators. Such a project specific assessment framework has not previously been developed. The results from the validation of the framework suggested that technology transfer is the most likely benefit of any LFG CDM project while balance of payments is the least likely benefit. The proposed framework can be utilised at two stages in a CDM project lifecycle. It can be used as: (i) a template to guide host nations’ Designated National Authorities (DNAs) on how to review projects before issuing Letters of Approval (LoA); and (ii) Designated Operating Entities (DOEs) can also use the developed framework to validate and verify that sustainable development benefits stated in project proposals have been realised at the project level.

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Meng, Tianyu. "Study on Plant Load Factor of Wind Power CDM Projects." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-204402.

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Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), is a market-based mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol. It allows developed countries to implement emission reduction projects in developing countries, to assist their sustainable development; meanwhile, developed countries gain credits which could be used to meet part of their emission reduction targets under this protocol. There is a wide range of various types of CDM projects, among which, wind power projects account for the largest share. Additionality is a key component for CDM projects’ eligibility and to ensure CDM’s environmental integrity. It means that the emission reduction after the implementation of the project is additional to any that would have occurred in the absence of the certified CDM project. For wind CDM projects, the controversy on additionality raised debate and attention internationally, especially the concern if project developers deliberately underestimated Plant Load Factor (PLF) so as to meet the CDM additionality criterion. At the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) CDM Executive Board 63rd meeting, the UNFCCC Secretariat and the Registration and Issuance Team (RIT) proposed different decisions regarding a request forissuance of a Wind CDM project due to different views on the estimated PLF. The Board discussed the issue andrequested a study on the PLF variations, which is the origin, and also a partial content of this thesis.In this thesis, relevant parameters are firstly defined – parameters such as Estimated PLF, Actual PLF, etc, and to better illustrate the magnitude of the PLF variation, the concept of Relative Variation of PLF is adopted, which is measured as the absolute difference of Estimated PLF and Actual PLF compared with Estimated PLF. Then a database in spreadsheet with all defined parameters of sampled projects is set up on the basis of collected information and calculation. Afterwards an investigation of PLFs and comparison analyses of Estimated PLFs and Actual PFLs is conducted. Considering there are two groups of Wind CDM projects, i.e. small-scale and large-scale; and considering the distributions of projects’ hosting countries, the comparison analyses are then conducted firstly for all projects, and then separated for small-scale and large-scale projects, and lastly separated for projects based on different hosting countries. The final results show that a minority of projects have underestimated PLFs, and a very small proportion of projects, either in all projects, or on different scales or in different hosting countries have underestimated PLFs to a level that is out of acceptable range. Therefore, thestudy concludes that there should be no concern on the PLF issue in Wind CDM projects.

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Oganne, Galonkge. "The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) : analysing the financial viability of potential CDM projects, and assessing associated sustainable development impacts for South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6927.

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Bibliography: leaves 85-91.
A growing concern regarding the limitation inherent in the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for encouraging prompt global action on climate change has been key in vitalising climate change negotiations. The UNFCCC process has triggered further negotiations and related international forums on climate change that eventually led to the birth of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997. This outcome represents a legally enforceable strategy for reinforcing the UNFCCC. Being among the first key climate change regime milestones, the Kyoto Protocol was adopted to enable a working environment for international co-operation against the threat of climate change to humanity. To this end, incorporates carbon emissions reduction instruments known as 'flexibility mechanisms' to achieve the overall objective of “... stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere ...” (UNFCCC 1992). Of the four climate change mitigation implementation instruments (or mechanisms), the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) stands out as the only one relevant for the developing world. The thesis investigates the potential for the CDM to both protect and promote the indigenous development policy objectives of the Southern project-host countries in the context of a new paradigm of sustainable development The CDM would support local capacity building and provide a tool for enabling technology reception in the South; and would set up a unique arrangement by which the Northern parties will have access to more cost-effective avenues in fulfilling their climate commitments than pursuing domestic measures. The core of the rationale behind the thesis stems from a need for expanding the insight into how the CDM will achieve its primary purpose of enhancing sustainable development for developing country-based participants. Austin et al (1999) reviewed this question for three other developing countries (Le. Brazil, China and India), in an effort to enhance the insight into measuring sustainable development outcomes arising from the CDM. The thesis employs a South African socio-economic development context for investigation. The thesis also assesses how supporting CDM-driven activities will be worthwhile, from an economic standpoint, for potential project investors or developers in developing countries. The thesis investigates the investment (or financial) performance of CDM projects by comparing the impact, on a project's Internal Rate of Return (IRR), of incorporating an associated carbon investment component within a conventional project investment framework. For this, it focuses on four of the country's potential energy sector climate mitigation projects as case studies for its investigation.

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Books on the topic "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)"

1

Oppenoorth, Harrie. Panduan Bali untuk Clean Development Mechanism, menuju Clean Development Mechanism yang berkelanjutan: Fakta dan contoh seputar CDM, CDM baik, jelek, dan buruk, perspektif negara berkembang tentang CDM, usulan untuk meningkatkan dan memperluas CDM, enam rekomendasi untuk CDM yang lebih baik. Jakarta: Hivos, 2007.

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Capacity Building Workshop for the Indian Project Developers on Clean Development Mechanism (2005 Ahmadābād, India and Hyderabad, India). Capacity building on clean development mechanism (CDM) for Indian project developers: Workshop proceedings : under the Integrated Capacity Strengthening for Clean Development Mechanism (ICS-CDM) Program - an initiative of IGES. New Delhi: Winrock International India, 2005.

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India. Working Group on National Action Plan for Operationalising Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in India. Report of the Working Group on National Action Plan for Operationalising Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in India. New Delhi: Planning Commission, Govt. of India, 2003.

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India) Workshop on CDM Capacity Building for Indian Project Developers (2006 Vadodara. Workshop proceedings: Capacity building on clean development mechanism (CDM) for Indian project developers, Vadodara October 6, 2006, Bangalore, February 21, 2007. Gurgaon: Winrock International, 2007.

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Bank, Asian Development. Small-scale clean development mechanism project handbook. Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2006.

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Miah, Md Danesh. Forests to Climate Change Mitigation: Clean Development Mechanism in Bangladesh. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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India Energy Meet on Climate Change & Clean Development Mechanism (2003 New Delhi and Calcutta, India). India Energy Meet on Climate Change & Clean Development Mechanism: [proceedings]. [Kolkata: Bengal Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 2003.

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Indonesia. Kantor Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup. National strategy study on the clean development mechanism in Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: State Ministry of Environment, Republic of Indonesia, 2001.

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Jiang, Xiaoyi. Legal Issues for Implementing the Clean Development Mechanism in China. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24737-8.

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Guidi, Daniele. The Clean Development Mechanism: Implications for energy and sustainable agriculture and rural development projects. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)"

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Havukainen, Minna, Pirjetta Waldén, and Helena Kahiluoto. "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." In Encyclopedia of Sustainable Management, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02006-4_1035-1.

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Liu, Dan. "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_387-1.

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Liu, Dan. "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 196–203. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74319-6_387.

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Michel, Julian, Kay Kallweit, and Evy von Pfeil. "The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." In Tropical Forestry Handbook, 1–5. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41554-8_234-1.

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Michel, Julian, Kay Kallweit, and Evy von Pfeil. "The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." In Tropical Forestry Handbook, 3057–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54601-3_234.

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Miah, Danesh, Man Yong Shin, and Masao Koike. "General Overview of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 15–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13253-7_2.

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Pahuja, Shuchi. "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM): Benefits and Project Cycle." In Encyclopedia of Sustainable Management, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02006-4_924-1.

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Jiang, Xiaoyi. "The CDM in China." In Legal Issues for Implementing the Clean Development Mechanism in China, 53–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24737-8_3.

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Ninan, Anup Sam. "Outsourcing Emissions: Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as Ecological Modernisation." In Implementing Environmental and Resource Management, 263–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77568-3_21.

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Jiang, Xiaoyi. "What the CDM Is and How It Operates: The CDM in an International Context." In Legal Issues for Implementing the Clean Development Mechanism in China, 9–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24737-8_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)"

1

Hong, I.-Hsuan, and Guillermo Alfonso Napoles Rodriguez. "Issues Affecting the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM): A review." In 2014 IEEE 18th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2014.6846937.

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Lu, Yang. "Literature Review: Development and Effect Evaluation of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." In 2016 International Conference on Modern Management, Education Technology, and Social Science (MMETSS 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmetss-16.2017.44.

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Carpenter, Steven M. "The Case for CCS as a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)." In Carbon Management Technology Conference. Carbon Management Technology Conference, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7122/150982-ms.

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Gao, Feng. "The Financing Model Innovation in Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Project." In 2011 Fourth International Joint Conference on Computational Sciences and Optimization (CSO). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cso.2011.268.

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Lotz, M., and A. C. Brent. "Towards a comprehensive Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) approach for biodiesel." In ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/esu090251.

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Alhosani, Abdulla Humaid, Nasir-ud-Din Humayun, and Jawahar Kannan. "Emission Capping & Trading, First of its Kind in ADNOC Group." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207885-ms.

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Abstract The Spiking Gas Compressor project was installed in 2014, which reduces 65,000 tons of Carbon-di-oxide (CO2) emission annually. This was subsequently registered as a CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) project under UN convention and incidentally this was the first ADNOC project to be under this registration. The registration is the first step to claim for Carbon Credits under United Nations Framework of Clean Climate Convention (UNFCCC) scheme. No Carbon Credits were claimed under CDM since its commissioning in 2014 due to low carbon price. In 2019, we achieved the next big milestone of trading these accumulated carbon credits to an Austrian MNC. M/s MASDAR, pioneer in this field, who are also partner of ADNOC onshore in this green project, arranged an Upstream Emission Reduction (UER) buyer. The transaction is worth 65,000 tons of CO2 reduction and considerable monetary benefit. This transaction assumes significance not in terms of monetary value but a global recognition to ADNOC as a company amongst the leading players in the global arena in reducing the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. This project is the first & largest Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) registered in Oil & Gas industry in UAE. United Nations Framework Convention on Clean Climate (UNFCCC) recognized flare gas recovery through Spiking Gas Project as Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project to generate Carbon Credits. The project demonstrates the commitment and support of Abu Dhabi Government and ADNOC towards climate change mitigation measures. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project demonstrated successful partnership with Masdar. The project was converted into to UER scheme. ADNOC Onshore & Masdar arranged a Buyer. Later, in compliance to ISO 14064/65, post Validation/ Verification by external auditors brought a considerable revenue to ADNOC.

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Gore, Manasi, and Meenal Annachhatre. "GHG abatement costs and potentials: An opportunity benefit for India through clean development mechanism (CDM)." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid and Smart Cities (ICSGSC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgsc.2017.8038553.

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Sreekanth, K. J., N. Sudarsan, and S. Jayaraj. "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) implementation with secondary energy resources in domestic sector: An Indian Scenario." In 2012 International Conference on Green Technologies (ICGT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgt.2012.6477966.

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Takada, Minori. "Co-evolution of technology and policies study of precedents of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects for the prevention of Climate Change." In Technology. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.2008.4599798.

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George, H. "An Inspection Of Atmospheric Conditions Transition Mitigation Measures From Major Cities Of United Kingdom And China." In MODERN ISSUES OF SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CURRENT RESEARCH CONFERENCES, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/iscrc-intconf12-01.

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The examination investigated new techniques and innovations being utilized by urban communities around United Kingdom and China to relieve environmental change. To empower different urban communities on the planet to copy comparative methodologies. Subsequently, the examination inspected the variation methodologies of five urban communities. One of such procedures is the "maintainable Glasgow project" pointed toward diminishing Glasgow's fossil fuel byproducts through improved energy the executives and the advancement of new incorporated low carbon energy frameworks for the city. Also numerous associations in Dundee set up a "carbon decrease targets". The Lewisham Council set up an efficient way to deal with energy checking, in light of electronic information recovery frameworks. China albeit a non-Annexe1 country, likewise facilitated the biggest number of Clean Development Mechanism CDM projects and furthermore produced the biggest number of ensured emanation decrease EED on the planet

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Reports on the topic "Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)"

1

Ali, Rassul. Konzeptentwicklung für CDM-Projekte - Risikoanalyse der projektbezogenen Generierung von CO2-Zertifikaten (CER). Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783933795842.

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The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a complex legal-institutional system that, on the one hand, offers industrialized countries options for cost-effective emission reductions and, on the other, provides developing countries with opportunities for sustainable development. Investors face the difficulty of identifying suitable CDM projects from approximately 130 possible host countries and nearly 60 possible project activities. In order to develop points of reference for strategic investments, this paper identifies and categorizes the risks arising in the value creation process of bilateral energy projects into four action-related levels. At the host level, the focus is on political-institutional and sector-specific risks, while at the investor state level, the legal design of the CDM's complementary function is relevant. The project level covers technology- and process-related risks, with the identification of the reference case and the proof of additionality posing particular problems. The future design of the CDM and the reform of the procedure at the UNFCCC level pose a fundamental risk. A two-stage assessment procedure is proposed for risk assessment: a rough analysis captures sociographic, climate policy, institutional and sector-specific criteria of the host. The differentiation of the project stage allows the localization of the project in the value chain and a differentiation regarding the use of methods. The assessment of project registration is based on the methods used and gives recognition rates per method and project category; project performance is measured in terms of the ratio of emission reductions actually realized to those planned in the project documentation. A detailed analysis following the coarse analysis provides qualitative guidance for project evaluation. These include the Executive Board's methodological principles, correct application of methodologies, identification of the reference case, proof of additionality, as well as the financial conditions of the relevant sector and publicity-related aspects. Despite individual hosts and project technologies, the developed two-step risk analysis allows, with relatively little effort and in line with business practice, an initial assessment of CDM project risks, so that overall it lays a fundamental building block for the elaboration of a strategic implementation and sustainable investment under the CDM.

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Sari, Agus P., and Stephen Meyers. Clean development mechanism: Perspectives from developing countries. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/841050.

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Meyers, Stephen. Additionality of emissions reductions from clean development mechanism projects: issues and options for project-level assessments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/760331.

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J., Smith, Scherr S.J., and Robledo C. Promoting positive local livelihood impacts through land use, land use change and forestry projects under the clean development mechanism. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/004760.

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Suyamto, D. A., M. van Noordwijk, B. Lusiana, A. Ekadinata, and N. Khasanah. Prospects of adoption of tree-based systems in a rural landscape and its likely impacts on carbon stocks and farmers' welfare: the fallow model application in Muara Sungkai, Lampung, Sumatra, in a "clean development mechanism" context ICRAF Working Paper no. 14. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp06034.pdf.

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Bedford, Philip, Alexis Long, Thomas Long, Erin Milliken, Lauren Thomas, and Alexis Yelvington. Legal Mechanisms for Mitigating Flood Impacts in Texas Coastal Communities. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.mitigatingfloodimpactstx.

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Flooding is a major source of concern for Texas’ coastal communities. It affects the quality of infrastructure, the lives of citizens, and the ecological systems upon which coastal communities in Texas rely. To plan for and mitigate the impacts of flooding, Texas coastal communities may implement land use tools such as zoning, drainage utility systems, eminent domain, exactions, and easements. Additionally, these communities can benefit from understanding how flooding affects water quality and the tools available to restore water bodies to healthy water quality levels. Finally, implementing additional programs for education and ecotourism will help citizens develop knowledge of the impacts of flooding and ways to plan and mitigate for coastal flooding. Land use tools can help communities plan for and mitigate flooding. Section III addresses zoning, a land use tool that most municipalities already utilize to organize development. Zoning can help mitigate flooding, drainage, and water quality issues, which, Texas coastal communities continually battle. Section IV discusses municipal drainage utility systems, which are a mechanism available to municipalities to generate dedicated funds that can help offset costs associated with providing stormwater management. Section V addresses land use and revenue-building tools such as easements, eminent domain, and exactions, which are vital for maintaining existing and new developments in Texas coastal communities. Additionally, Section VI addresses conservation easements, which are a flexible tool that can enhance community resilience through increasing purchase power, establishing protected legal rights, and minimizing hazardous flood impacts. Maintaining good water quality is important for sustaining the diverse ecosystems located within and around Texas coastal communities. Water quality is regulated at the federal level through the Clean Water Act. As discussed in Section VII, the state of Texas is authorized to implement and enforce these regulations by implementing point source and nonpoint source pollutants programs, issuing permits, implementing stormwater discharge programs, collecting water quality data, and setting water quality standards. The state of Texas also assists local communities with implementing restorative programs, such as Watershed Protection Programs, to help local stakeholders restore impaired water bodies. Section VIII addresses ecotourism and how these distinct economic initiatives can help highlight the importance of ecosystem services to local communities. Section VIX discusses the role of education in improving awareness within the community and among visitors, and how making conscious decisions can allow coastal communities to protect their ecosystem and protect against flooding.

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From Kyoto to Paris—Transitioning the Clean Development Mechanism. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tcs210402-2.

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