Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Clays'
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Hamer, Julian C. E. "Organo-iron compounds on clays and pillared clays." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1998. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19748/.
Full textTaha, Ahmed M. "Interface Shear Behavior of Sensitive Marine Clays --Leda Clay." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28768.
Full textNader, Athir. "Engineering Characteristics of Sensitive Marine Clays - Examples of Clays in Eastern Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30670.
Full textGonzalez‐Blanco, Laura. "Gas migration in deep argillaceous formations : Boom clay and indurated clays." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/406355.
Full textEl almacenamiento geológico profundo es la solución actualmente aceptada para la gestión de los residuos radioactivos de alta actividad, que consiste en confinar dichos residuos durante un período muy largo de tiempo (varios cientos de miles de años) depositándolos en una formación geológica profunda. De ahí que el entendimiento del comportamiento a largo plazo se esté convirtiendo en una cuestión clave para asegurar la viabilidad de las instalaciones de almacenamiento de residuos, particularmente en lo que respecta a la generación y migración de gases. Este trabajo de doctorado tiene como objetivo mejorar la comprensión en lo que se refiere a la compleja respuesta hidro-mecánica de diferentes formaciones arcillosas frente a procesos de migración de gas. Con este objetivo, el flujo de gas a través de la arcilla Boom Clay (arcilla plástica del paleógeno candidata a alojar los residuos nucleares en Bélgica) se ha investigado en profundidad mediante experimentos de laboratorio a diferentes escalas y su modelación numérica. Este estudio principal se ha complementado con ensayos experimentales en dos formaciones arcillosas del mesozoico (más profundas y endurecidas),posibles candidatas a roca huésped en el programa suizo para el almacenamiento geológico profundo, llamadas Opalinus Clay y 'Brauner Dogger'. Inicialmente, los diferentes materiales han sido caracterizados para evaluar sus propiedades mecánicas (compresibilidad en carga) e hidráulicas (retención de agua y permeabilidad). Los ensayos de inyección de gas, bajo condiciones edométricas e isótropas, se han realizado siguiendo diferentes protocolos de ensayo controlando cuidadosamente las condiciones de contorno, así como, dando prioridad al hecho de restaurar el estado tensional in situ y las condiciones de saturación antes de los ensayos de gas. Además, se ha hecho especial hincapié en la medición de la deformación de las muestras a lo largo de los procesos de inyección y disipación de gas. La anisotropía de la Boom Clay se ha tenido en cuenta realizando ensayos con los planos de estratificación dispuestos en paralelo y perpendicular al flujo. Las inyecciones de aire se han realizado a tres velocidades volumétricas diferentes. Las etapas de disipación se han analizado para evaluar los cambios en la permeabilidad intrínseca al aire. La microestructura de las muestras se ha evaluado antes y después de los ensayos de inyección de aire mediante tres técnicas diferentes: porosimetría de intrusión de mercurio, microscopía electrónica de barrido de emisión de campo y micro-tomografía computarizada La migración de gases en estas rocas arcillosas saturadas resultó ser un proceso hidro-mecánico totalmente acoplado. La inyección de aire a tensión constante produjo expansión de las muestras durante la propagación del frente de presión y compresión durante la disipación de la presión de aire. El comportamiento deformacional dependió de la velocidad de inyección. A velocidades de inyección más lentas, la expansión se produjo durante la inyección, mientras que, a velocidades más altas, ésta se retrasó en el tiempo. La permeabilidad intrínseca al aire resultó ser más alta que la permeabilidad al agua medida, lo que sugiere que el flujo de aire tuvo lugar a lo largo de vías preferenciales. La evaluación de los cambios microestructurales inducidos por la migración de aire reveló la apertura de fisuras, cuantificando sus aperturas y separación, así como su volumen y conectividad, lo que permitió encontrar una relación de dependencia entre la permeabilidad intrínseca al aire y el volumen fisurado. Para completar la información experimental y comprender mejor los mecanismos de transporte de gas, se realizaron simulaciones numéricas de los resultados experimentales utilizando un código de elementos finitos acoplado, que incorpora un modelo de permeabilidad con fracturas embebidas para explicar el flujo de gas a lo largo de vías preferenciales. La permeabilidad intrínseca de la arcilla y su curva de retención dependen de la deformación a través de cambios en la apertura de la fractura. Los resultados numéricos no sólo reprodujeron de forma correcta las presiones registradas y los volúmenes de salida, sino también el comportamiento deformacional. Esta información experimental y numérica proporcionó una buena visión de los mecanismos de transporte de gas en formaciones arcillosas profundas y en los que destacó el papel desempeñado por la respuesta deformacional sobre las propiedades de transporte de aire.
Lawrence, Monique A. M. "The adsorption of phenolic and organotin compounds by clays and cation exchanged clays." Thesis, Aston University, 1996. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9677/.
Full textAgaiby, Shehab Sherif Wissa. "Fracture characterization of clays and clay-like materials using flattened Brazilian Test." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85819.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 243-251).
Fracture mechanics has been used for many years to study the mechanical behavior of brittle and quasi-brittle materials like concrete, rock, wood, and ceramics. To date, the application of fracture mechanics to soils has been limited to dry and partially saturated soils where soil consistency changes due to suction and tends to be harder exhibiting a quasi-brittle behavior. Of late, studying fracture propagation in clays and mudrocks has become of interest as it provides a means to extract oil from oil bearing strata. While crack initiation in soils can be analyzed using basic soil mechanics theories, development and propagation of a crack is energy driven and requires application of fracture mechanics principles. An essential parameter in Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM), the main analytical tool in studying fracture in rock, is the critical stress intensity factor that defines stress concentration near a crack tip beyond which a fracture would propagate. The basic mode of crack loading can be obtained by applying a normal stress that has a corresponding opening mode of crack surface displacement, called mode-I (tensile mode), with a critical stress intensity factor termed fracture toughness, denoted by KIC. In this experimental research, KIC is measured indirectly using a modified Brazilian Test configuration where load is applied normally on flattened Brazilian disk specimens without the need to introduce a flaw into the specimen. Intact natural specimens from four different deposits; Boston Blue clay, San Francisco Bay Mud, Presumpscot Maine clay, and Gulf of Mexico clay; are tested in oven-dried state under atmospheric conditions. In addition, two Clay-like materials; molded Gypsum and Plaster of Paris; have been investigated. Based on the analysis of the test data, the relation between mode I fracture toughness and tensile strength for the six tested materials agrees to a great extent with reported trends in the literature even for different fracture toughness and tensile strength testing techniques and for wider tested range of soils, rocks, geomaterials, clay-like, and rock-like materials. However, no clear relation between mode I fracture toughness and elastic modulus or any other physical parameter was determined.
by Shehab Sherif Wissa Agaiby.
S.M.
Brandes, Ian Marcus Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "The negative chargeability of clays." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/21847.
Full textHalayko, Krista Sophia Gelmich. "Gas flow in compacted clays." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0014/MQ32123.pdf.
Full textBerry, A. J. "The dynamic penetration of clays." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235369.
Full textVelazquez, Tzayhri Gallardo. "A study on pillared clays." Thesis, University of Salford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252970.
Full textAkl, Sherif Adel. "Wellbore instability mechanisms in clays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64569.
Full text"February 2011." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 331-341).
This dissertation investigates the stability of wellbores drilled in Ko-consolidated clays using non-linear finite element method (FEM) and effective stress soil models to characterize the behavior of clay and unconsolidated shale formations. Two constitutive models are used: Modified Cam Clay (MCC; Roscoe and Burland, 1968), and MIT-E3 (Whittle and Kavvadas, 1994). These soil models are incorporated in the commercial finite element program ABAQUS TM through user material subroutines (Hashash, 1992). The wellbores are modeled by a quasi-3D finite element model to approximate the far field stresses and plane strain boundary conditions. The constitutive models are calibrated to the behavior of Resedimented Boston Blue Clay (RBBC), an analog shale material which is Ko-consolidated to stress levels ranging from 0.15MPa to 10.0 MPa. The thesis comprises three major parts. Part one analyzes the short-term wellbore instability during drilling in low permeability formations. The part focuses on the relationship between the mud pressure inside the wellbore and the undrained shear deformations within the formations. The analyses predict critical mud pressure values necessary to maintain wellbore stability at different deviation angles and stress histories. The MIT-E3 model predicted higher deformations at reference mud pressure and estimated higher values of mud pressures than the underbalanced limit to prevent failure in highly deviated wellbores in NC clays. The second part validates the numerical analyses by comparing model predictions to results of an extensive program of model borehole tests. The lab experiments are performed on high pressure Thick- Walled Cylinder (TWC devices) using RBBC as analog testing material (Abdulhadi, 2009). The MIT-E3 predictions demonstrated a very good match with results from the experiments. The results from the analyses illustrated the effect of the device boundary conditions on specimen behavior and validated approximate analytical methods for interpreting TWC results. Part three studies the effects of consolidation on long-term wellbore stability. Non-linear coupled consolidation analyses are performed to simulate the post-drilling, time-dependent deformations and pore pressures around the wellbore. The analyses consider two different boundary conditions on seepage at the cavity. The analyses show that consolidation generates extensive volumetric strains around the wellbore and cavity deformations can aggravate stability conditions in highly deviated wellbores.
by Sherif Adel Akl.
Ph.D.
Breakwell, I. K. "Chemical modification of smectite clays." Thesis, Aston University, 1992. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9790/.
Full textBond, Stephen P. "Interlamellar modification of smectite clays." Thesis, Aston University, 1991. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9741/.
Full textPatwary, Md Zillur R. "Clay Fluid Interactions in Montmorillonite Swelling Clays: A Molecular Dynamics and Experimental Study." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26757.
Full textDepartment of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University
Naldrett, Dana L. "Glacigenic clays of the Ottawa Valley." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5275.
Full textMiddleton, Glenn W. "Electrofluorescence studies of clays and DNA." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305049.
Full textWilliams, S. "Swelling behaviour of unsaturated expansive clays." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1988. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/swelling-behaviour-of-unsaturated-expansive-clays(0b4f591f-9c33-404f-9aac-422fe5d17abe).html.
Full textLien, Bon-Hsiang. "Pressuremeter testing in miocene stiff clays." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39730.
Full textPh. D.
Caton, Charlotte(Charlotte Elizabeth). "The sticky property of Ypresian clays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123218.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 58-60).
Construction sites may encounter many problems with the underlying soil, and excavating in soft soils is one of them. One major issue when managing soft soils is clogging, which occurs because cohesive soils tend to adhere to the cutting head of tunnel boring machines or to the cutting wheel of hydromills. This thesis focuses on Ypresian clays, which are highly adhesive. The adhesive properties of Ypresian clays can slow down excavation processes, causing economic loss to the construction companies. Studying the different mechanisms behind the clogging phenomenon and ways to qualitatively and quantitatively assess it makes it possible to evaluate the clogging potential of Ypresian clay and compare it to that of the Boom clay, a similar formation which is shown to be less sticky. The high plasticity index of Ypresian clays is proved to be an indicator of its high stickiness, and the cone pull-out test gives a value for adherence that quantifies the clogging potential. Ypresian clays also support the hypothesis that the Casagrande chart's U-line could be used as an evaluation method for clogging. In these ways, evaluating clogging potential is possible, but a standardized method has yet to be agreed on. The physics behind the evaluation methods, however, is not well understood. That is why this thesis discusses using a microscopic approach to study the origin of Ypresian clay's stickiness. Research still needs to be done to see if inter-scaling is possible between micro-, meso-, and macroscopic scales and to find out if the particles' interactions at microscopic scale can be interpreted at the macroscopic scale.
by Charlotte Caton.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Duong, Loc V. "The morphology and structure of intercalated and pillared clays." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/17707/1/Loc_Van_Duong_Thesis.pdf.
Full textDuong, Loc V. "The morphology and structure of intercalated and pillared clays." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/17707/.
Full textBond, Andrew John. "Behaviour of displacement piles in overconsolidated clays." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7781.
Full textEngin, Guleda. "Development of anionic clays for water treatment." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342253.
Full textGale, Julian David. "Computer simulation of zeolites and pillared clays." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307093.
Full textNocon, Melody Schwartz. "Inorganic Sorption in Polymer Modified Bentonite Clays." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3850.
Full textSharma, Radhey Shyam. "Mechanical behaviour of unsaturated highly expansive clays." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6ee59b08-357a-4d2d-96f1-c5987465f437.
Full textHazelwood, Adam Charles. "Synthesis and characterisation of novel pillared clays." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248171.
Full textElmes, D. R. "Creep and viscosity in two kaolin clays." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372627.
Full textChin, Chung-Tien. "Open-ended pile penetration in saturated clays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15176.
Full textMICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING.
Bibliography: leaves 245-248.
by Chung-Tien Chin.
Ph.D.
Rafalovich, Alexander. "The mechanics of plate penetration in clays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13398.
Full textBordallo, Heloisa N., Laurence P. Aldridge, G. Jock Churchman, Will P. Gates, Arnaud Desmedt, and Mark T. F. Telling. "Understanding water diffusion in concrete and clays." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-193924.
Full textKarami, Azzam Omar 1962. "Consolidation of clays using the triaxial apparatus." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276842.
Full textSimoes, Ana M. "Natural attenuation of landfill leachate by clays." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/79337/.
Full textBordallo, Heloisa N., Laurence P. Aldridge, G. Jock Churchman, Will P. Gates, Arnaud Desmedt, and Mark T. F. Telling. "Understanding water diffusion in concrete and clays." Diffusion fundamentals 6 (2007) 56, S. 1-2, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14235.
Full textStark, Timothy D. "Mechanisms of strength loss in stiff clays." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74771.
Full textPh. D.
Ghahremannejad, Behrooz. "Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Two Reconstituted Clays." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/492.
Full textGhahremannejad, Behrooz. "Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Two Reconstituted Clays." University of Sydney. Civil Engineering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/492.
Full textSilva, Adriana Almeida. "Contribuição ao estudo das bentonitas do município de Boa Vista Estado da Paraíba." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-29062011-133500/.
Full textThe clays are composed of clay minerals and accessory minerals, whose crystal structure allows the adsorption of cations giving them particular physical and chemical properties. Chemically, the argilomineriais are formed mainly of hydrated silicates of aluminum, iron and magnesium. The bentonites are special types of industrial clays because submitting more than 140 industrial uses, with particular variations, whether due to technological employment of clay, is due to the geological origin and the mineralogy of this clay. The term bentonite is used to designate a high clay content of montmorillonite. The world\'s largest producer of bentonite is the United States represents about one-third of total world production. In Brazil, the most important bentonite clay bentonite deposits are found in Paraiba, in the municipalities of Boa Vista, Cubati and Pedra Lavrada. The crude bentonite Paraíba is wrought by mining companies and sold in large quantities within the State, which are aimed at companies that benefit, activate and subsequently sold to other markets. Prices vary depending on the bentonite product quality, purity, function or application, and the type of processing and activation in the ore that was submitted. Considering the expected growth of this sector in the coming years, this study aims to complement existing technology and update data in the literature on bentonite clays of Paraíba State, contributing to technological studies of bentonites from Paraíba conducted in 1976 by Professor Dr. Pérsio de Souza Santos. It is intended to highlight are the properties and uses of these materials after 35 years of studies. To develop this work, we used five types of bentonite clays supplied by the company BENTONISA-Bentonita do Nordeste S.A., For these were the physical and mineralogical characterization. By analyzing the results we achieve some indication for the potential uses of these materials.
Stoddart, Christopher Paul. "Powder diffraction studies of solid solution effects in minerals." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385193.
Full textWang, Liangcheng. "Reactions of leuco dyes on acid activated clays." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1993. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20276/.
Full textDuquette, Martin. "Surface charge evaluation of soils, clays and oxides." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39270.
Full textBaudet, Beatrice Anne. "Modelling effects of structure in soft natural clays." Thesis, City University London, 2001. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8394/.
Full textSaffarzadeh, Morteza. "Engineering behaviour and microfabrics of clays and silts." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386038.
Full textWarburton, C. I. "Preparation and characterisation of zirconium pillared interlayered clays." Thesis, University of Reading, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356081.
Full textCharles, Kate Elizabeth. "Synthesis, chemical tailoring and characterisation of smectite clays." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263146.
Full textRummey, Jacqueline Michelle. "EXAFS studies of polyoxometallates and chromium pillared clays." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305565.
Full textWilson, Justin Benedict. "Shrink/swell potential of some British Mesozoic clays." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266907.
Full textKantartzi, Christina. "Ground movements during diaphragm wall installation in clays." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1993. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1532.
Full textMARTINS, THAIS KLEIN FORNAZELLI. "INTRINSIC COMPRESSIBILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO COASTAL BRAZILIAN CLAYS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36620@1.
Full textCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Um grande movimento de massa ocorrido em 28 de Março de 2013 no Porto de Santana, na região da foz do Rio Amazonas, no Amapá, motivou o estudo das características de compressibilidade de argilas moles a partir do material reconstituído. Os solos naturais diferem dos solos reconstituídos devido à influência da micro e macroestrutura. O conceito de linha de compressão intrínseca (ICL) proposto por Burland (1990) permite uma avaliação quantitativa da diferença no comportamento de compressão do solo nestas duas condições. Neste estudo, são analisados dois depósitos de solo mole da costa brasileira (Tijucas, SC e Porto de Santana, AP) e uma mistura artificial obtida em laboratório com caulim e bentonita na proporção de 98:2 em peso. Um total de 8 amostras são reconstituídas com teor de umidade igual a 1,25 vezes o limite de liquidez e submetidas a ensaios convencionais de adensamento (SIC - standard incremental consolidation tests). As curvas de adensamento das amostras reconstituídas apresentam boa concordância com a ICL proposta por Burland (1990), principalmente no intervalo de tensões de 100 a 1.000kPa. As análises evidenciam a presença de estrutura do solo natural, sendo encontrada uma maior influência nas argilas do Porto de Santana, as quais apresentam índice de vazios normalizado (Iv) de até 1,85. As correlações empíricas para obtenção dos parâmetros intrínsecos de compressibilidade e100 e Cc propostas por Burland (1990) não apresentaram bons ajustes para os resultados experimentais aqui reportados.
A large mass movement occurred on March 28, 2013 at the Port of Santana, in the region of the mouth of the Amazon River in Amapá, motivated the study of compressibility characteristics of soft clays from the reconstituted material. Natural soils differ from reconstituted soils due to the influence of micro and macrostructure. The concept of the intrinsic compression line (ICL) proposed by Burland (1990) allows a quantitative evaluation of the difference in soil compression behavior in these two conditions. In this study, two soft clay deposits of the Brazilian coast (Tijucas, SC and Porto de Santana, AP) were analyzed and an artificial mixture made in the laboratory with kaolin and bentonite in the proportion of 98: 2 by weight. A total of 8 samples are reconstituted with moisture content equal to 1.25 times the liquid limit and subjected to conventional consolidation tests (SIC - standard incremental consolidation tests). The consolidation curves of the reconstituted samples show good agreement with the ICL proposed by Burland (1990), especially in the stress range of 100 to 1,000 kPa. The analyzes show the presence of natural soil structure, with a higher influence in the Santana Port clays which have a normalized void index (Iv) up to 1.85. The empirical correlations to obtain the intrinsic parameters of compressibility e 100 and Cc proposed by Burland (1990) did not present good adjustments for the experimental results here reported.
Pestana-Nascimento, Juan Manuel. "A unified constitutive model for clays and sands." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11724.
Full text