Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clay soils – Costa Rica

Academic literature on the topic 'Clay soils – Costa Rica'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Clay soils – Costa Rica"

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Chatterjee, Nilovna, P. K. Ramachandran Nair, Vimala D. Nair, Abhishek Bhattacharjee, Elias de Melo Virginio Filho, Rheinhold G. Muschler, and Martin R. A. Noponen. "Do Coffee Agroforestry Systems Always Improve Soil Carbon Stocks Deeper in the Soil?—A Case Study from Turrialba, Costa Rica." Forests 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11010049.

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Shaded perennial agroforestry systems (AFS) are regarded as desirable land-use practices that improve soil carbon sequestration. However, most studies assume a positive correlation between above ground and below ground carbon without considering the effect of past and current land management, textural variations (silt and clay percentage), and such other site-specific factors that have a major influence on the extent of soil C sequestration. We assessed SOC stock at various depths (0–10, 10–30, 30–60, and 60–100 cm) in shaded perennial coffee (Coffea arabica L.) AFS in a 17-year-old experimental field at the Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, (9°53′44′′ N, 83°40′7′′ W; soil type: Ultisols and Inceptisols, Turrialba, Costa Rica. The treatments included coffee (Coffea arabica L.) grown conventionally (with chemical fertilizers) and organically (without chemical fertilizers) under two shade trees, Erythrina poeppigiana (Walp.) O.F. Cook., and Terminalia Amazonia J.F.Gmel., Sun Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) (Sole stand of coffee without shade), and Native Forest. Three replicated composite soil samples were collected from each system for each depth class, and SOC stocks in three soil aggregate fractions (2000–250 µm, 250–53 µm, and <53 µm) and in the whole soil determined. The total SOC stocks were highest under forest (146.6 Mg C ha−1) and lowest under sun coffee (92.5 Mg C ha−1). No significant differences were noted in SOC stock within coffee AFS and sun coffee across fraction sizes and depth classes. Organic management of coffee under heavily pruned E. poeppigiana, with pruned litter returned to soil, increased SOC stocks for 0–10 cm depth soil only. High input of organic materials including pruned litter did not improve SOC stocks in deeper soil, whereas variations in silt and clay percentages had a significant effect on SOC stocks. The study suggests that high amounts of aboveground biomass alone are not a good indicator of increased SOC storage in AFS, particularly for soils of sites with historical characteristics and management similar to this study.
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Costa, Raimundo Nonato Távora, Daniel Santana Colares, Luís Carlos Uchôa Saunders, and Francisco De Souza. "ANÁLISE DAS EFICIÊNCIAS DE APLICAÇÃO E DE USO DA ÁGUA EM CULTIVO DE ARROZ NO PERÍMETRO IRRIGADO MORADA NOVA, CE." IRRIGA 10, no. 4 (December 22, 2005): 388–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2005v10n4p388-398.

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ANÁLISE DAS EFICIÊNCIAS DE APLICAÇÃO E DE USO DA ÁGUA EM CULTIVO DE ARROZ NO PERÍMETRO IRRIGADO MORADA NOVA, CE Raimundo Nonato Távora Costa1; Daniel Santana Colares1; Luís Carlos Uchôa Saunders1; Francisco de Souza21Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, rntcosta@fortalnet.com.br2Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra as Secas, Fortaleza, CE 1 RESUMO Os objetivos da pesquisa foram estudar a eficiência de aplicação e do uso da água do cultivo do arroz no perímetro irrigado Morada Nova, Ceará, no período de julho a dezembro de 2003. Estabeleceu-se a cultivar EPAGRI 109 em unidades de solo com texturas areia-franca, franca e argilo-siltosa. Utilizaram-se calhas Parshall e sifões de plástico como instrumentos para medição e aplicação de água aos tabuleiros. O período de irrigação do cultivo de arroz para as condições de solo e clima no perímetro irrigado Morada Nova situa-se em torno de 120 dias, período este que deve ser tomado como referência para o planejamento da irrigação. A eficiência de uso da água para os solos de textura leve apresentou valor médio de 0,2 kg.m-3; já para os solos de textura pesada, de 0,43 kg.m-3. A eficiência de aplicação de água na unidade textural argilo-siltosa, solo adequado ao cultivo de arroz apresentou um valor médio de 77%. Na unidade textural areia franca, porém, solo não recomendado para o cultivo do arroz, a eficiência de aplicação foi apenas de 38%. UNITERMOS: (Oryza sativa, L., irrigação, eficiência de aplicação. COSTA, R. N.T., COLARES, D.S., SAUNDERS, L.C.U., SOUZA, F.; EFFICIENCY OF WATER APLICATION AND USE FOR RICE IN MORADA NOVA IRRIGATION DISTRICT, CEARÁ 2 ABSTRACT Efficiency of water application and use for rice, cultivated from July to December 2003, was analyzed in Morada Nova Irrigation District, in Ceará – Brazil. Cultivar EPAGRI 109 was established in sandy-loan, loam and clay-loam soil units. Applied water was measured using Parshall flumes and sipluon tubes. Rice irrigation period for local climate and soil conditions was 120 days, also used for irrigation planning. Water use efficiency for sandy soils presented 0.2 kg.m-3 average values, while 0.43 kg.m-3 was the value for heavy soils. Application water efficiency for clay-loam soils, appropriate for rice, was 77%. However, for sandy soils – not recommended for rice – the water application efficiency was only 38%. KEYWORDS: (Oryza sativa, L.), irrigation, application efficiency
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Pincus, L. N., P. C. Ryan, F. J. Huertas, and G. E. Alvarado. "The influence of soil age and regional climate on clay mineralogy and cation exchange capacity of moist tropical soils: A case study from Late Quaternary chronosequences in Costa Rica." Geoderma 308 (December 2017): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.08.033.

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Ghanem, Simon J., Hans Ruppert, Thomas H. Kunz, and Christian C. Voigt. "Frugivorous bats drink nutrient- and clay-enriched water in the Amazon rain forest: support for a dual function of mineral-lick visits." Journal of Tropical Ecology 29, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467412000740.

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Abstract:In Central Amazonia, large mammals create water-filled puddles when consuming soil. These mineral licks are visited by pregnant and lactating frugivorous bats; possibly for two reasons. Frugivorous bats could supplement their mineral-depleted fruit diet by drinking salty water, or they could buffer dietary plant secondary compounds by consuming soil. We analysed bat fruits from Ecuador and showed that they are depleted in elemental concentrations (Na, K, P) compared with similar fruits collected from Costa Rica, where no mineral licks occur (n = 32). Analyses of water from Ecuador revealed that water samples from six mineral licks contained more physiologically relevant elements (Na, K, Mg, Ca) than four samples from river and stream water control sites (Mann–WhitneyU-test). In support of the nutrient supplement hypothesis, we observed bats drinking mineral-enriched water at these licks (video observation). Furthermore, blood collected from 68 bats differed in composition with respect to physiologically relevant minerals (Na, K, Mg, Fe) from that of frugivorous bats captured at control sites. To test whether frugivorous bats also consumed clay for detoxification, we checked for soil tracer elements in 31 faecal samples. Soil tracers are insoluble in water and, thus, are not included in a strict fruit diet. Bats from mineral licks showed higher aluminium soil tracer concentrations in their faeces than bat species that never visit licks, suggesting that frugivorous bats take up clay material at mineral licks. Our results provide evidence that frugivorous bats ingest soluble mineral nutrients and insoluble soil by consuming soil-enriched water at mineral licks, thus supporting the hypothesis that frugivorous bats of western Amazonia may derive a dual benefit from drinking water from mineral licks.
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Araya, Mario, Alfonso Vargas, and Alexander Cheves. "Nematode distribution in roots of banana (Musa AAA cv. Valery) in relation to plant height, distance from the pseudostem and soil depth." Nematology 1, no. 7 (1999): 711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854199508739.

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AbstractThe horizontal and vertical distribution of plant parasitic root nematodes on banana (Musa AAA cv. Valery) was determined in a sandy clay loam in Costa Rica. Root samples were taken from soil blocks at distances of 0 to 30, 30 to 60, and 60 to 90 cm from the pseudostem, from 0 to 120 cm depth at intervals of 15 cm, and from plants of 120, 150, 180 or 210 cm high (non-flowering), plus a set from plants at flower stalk. The horizontal distance from the pseudostem affected the percentage of Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus spp., and total nematodes (R. similis + Helicotylenchus spp. + Meloidogyne spp. + Pratylenchus spp.). There was a significant effect of soil depth on the density of each genus. An interaction between soil depth and plant height and with horizontal distance was found for R. similis and total nematodes. For the three horizontal distances from the pseudostem, the percentage of each genus decreased with soil depth. Higher percentages of R. similis and total nematodes were found at 0 to 30 cm horizontal distance from the pseudostem than at greater distances in the upper 30 cm of the soil profile. Therefore, samples for monitoring nematode populations in bananas should be taken within a horizontal distance of 0 to 30 cm from the plant base and down to 30 cm deep from the soil surface. Additional studies are needed to relate the nematode population density at this sampling point to yield. Repartition des nematodes dans les racines du bananier (Musa AAA cv. Valery) en relation avec la hauteur de la plante, la distance au pseudo tronc et la profondeur du sol - La repartition horizontale et verticale des nematodes parasites du bananier (Musa AAA cv. Valery) a ete determinee dans un sol sablo-argileux, au Costa Rica. Les echantillons de racines ont ete preleves dans les blocs de sol extraits a differentes distances (de 0-30, de 30-60 et 60-90 cm) et profondeurs (de 0 a 120 cm avec des intervalles de 15 cm) du pseudo tronc des plantes: ces plantes, non encore fleuries, etaient de differentes hauteurs (120, 150, 180 et 210 cm). Quelques plantes entre le premier et le huitieme jour apres floraison ont egalement ete testees. La distance horizontale affecte le pourcentage de Radopholus similis et de Pratylenchus spp., et le nombre total de nematodes (R. similis + Helicotylenchus spp. + Meloidogyne spp. + Pratylenchus spp.). La profondeur du sol affecte la densite de population pour chaque genre. Pour R. similis et le nombre total de nematodes; il existe des interactions entre la profondeur du sol et la hauteur de la plante et entre la profondeur du sol et la distance horizontale. Le pourcentage de chacun des genres decroit avec la profondeur du sol aux trois distances au pseudo tronc. Les pourcentages les plus eleves de R. similis et du nombre total de nematodes ont ete trouves de 0 a 30 cm de profondeur. De ces resultats, il est conclu que pour etudier correctement les populations des nematodes du bananier, les echantillons de racines devraient ete preleves dans les premiers 30 cm de distance au pseudo tronc et jusqu'aux premiers 30 cm de profondeur du sol. Des etudes complementaires sont necessaires pour mieux etablir les rapports entre la densite des populations de nematodes dans ces points d'echantillonnage et le rendement.
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Morera, Jorge A. "Agricultura, recursos naturales, medio ambiente y desarrollo sostenible en Costa Rica." Agronomía Mesoamericana 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v11i1.17453.

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The sustainable agriculture in Costa Rica must recognize the need of intensifying the productivity as a way to support the increasing demand created by the population growth, but at the same time it has to prevent the best use and conservation of the natural resources. Without natural resources there is no agriculture and without it there isn’t food support. It’s hoped that Costa Rica can satisfy the growing demand of food and other agriculture products; avoiding the fast process of degradation that our soils and forest are suffering. The sustainable agriculture process in Costa Rica and other countries of the region presents an increasing demand of land and natural resources; which causes social, economic and ecological conflicts and competence. This is why Costa Rica must organize a strategy of sustainable development that contemplates the effects of the demographic growth, food support, biodiversity protection, ecosystem regeneration, development of friendly technologies with the environment, regulation on the use of natural resources and the formation of better thought human beings.
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Bossew, P., and F. Strebl. "Radioactive contamination of tropical rainforest soils in Southern Costa Rica." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 53, no. 2 (March 2001): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0265-931x(00)00126-0.

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Daly, Gillian L., Ying D. Lei, Camilla Teixeira, Derek C. G. Muir, Luisa E. Castillo, Liisa M. M. Jantunen, and Frank Wania. "Organochlorine Pesticides in the Soils and Atmosphere of Costa Rica." Environmental Science & Technology 41, no. 4 (February 2007): 1124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es062349d.

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Paschke, Mark W., and Jeffrey O. Dawson. "The occurrence of Frankia in tropical forest soils of Costa Rica." Plant and Soil 142, no. 1 (April 1992): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00010175.

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Aguilar, Steven, Julio E. Sánchez, and Daniel Martínez. "First record of Clay-colored Sparrow (Spizella pallida Swainson, 1832) (Aves: Emberizidae) in Costa Rica." Check List 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2013): 1592. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/9.6.1592.

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We present the first record of the Clay-colored Sparrow (Spizella pallida) in Costa Rica. An adult bird was recorded ca. 900 Km south of its common wintering range. This represents the first record of the species for the country and for southern Central America.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clay soils – Costa Rica"

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Hollis, Steven Scott. "Patterns of mineral element retranslocation in four species of tropical montane forest trees in Monteverde, Costa Rica." Online pdf file accessible through the World Wide Web, 2008. http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Hollis_SSMESThesis2008.pdf.

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Quesada, Marvin E. "Territorial dynamics in land use and the hydrological regime: Central Region, Costa Rica." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119710.

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It analyzes the relationship between territorial dynamics in land use and changes in the hydrological regime in the Central region of Costa Rica. A comparison is made between two years and the results showed that this process has been intense from one year to another. The urban and industrial heavy pressure on the most fertile soils of the country, has led to changes inthe hydrological regime of the two major sub-basins: Virilla and Grande de San Ramón, both of which constitute the Basin of Grande de Tarcoles River. The sub-basin of the Virilla Rivercan not store rainfall, especially considering that a large percentage of its area is covered byland uses of urban type. In contrast, the sub-basin of the Grande de San Ramón River retains a higher percentage of water, having land uses dominated by pasture, crops, and forests. In synthesis, several land uses increase their area, especially urban areas, with the major exception of the forest area which was reduced considerably.
Se analiza la relación entre la dinámica territorial en el uso de la tierra con respecto a los cambios en el régimen hidrológico en la región central de Costa Rica. Se hace una comparación entre dos años y se encontró que tal proceso ha sido muy intenso de un año al otro. La fuerte presión urbanística e industrial sobre los suelos más fértiles del país, ha provocado modificaciones en el régimen hidrológico de las dos principales subcuencas hidrográficas: Virilla y Grande de SanRamón, ambas conforman la cuenca del río Grande de Tárcoles. La subcuenca del río Virilla no logra almacenar el agua pluvial, especialmente si se considera que un alto porcentaje de su área está cubierta por usos de tierra de tipo urbano. Por el contrario, la subcuenca del río Grande de San Ramón logra retener un mayor porcentaje de aguas, al tener usos de la tierra dominados por pastos, cultivos y bosque. En síntesis, varios de los usos de la tierra incrementan su área, en especial el área urbana, con la gran excepción del área de bosques que se redujo considerablemente.
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Andrade, Gabriel Ramatis Pugliese. "Argilominerais em solos de manguezais da costa brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-20102010-145422/.

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Manguezais são ecossistemas de transição entre ambientes continental e marinho. Estão amplamente distribuídos ao longo da costa brasileira, sob grande variabilidade de condições climáticas, oceanográficas, geológicas e geomorfológicas. A mineralogia dos solos reflete e interfere nos processos de formação de solos e no comportamento biogeoquímico de nutrientes e potenciais substâncias poluentes, orgânicas e inorgânicas. O presente estudo avaliou a composição mineralógica dos solos de oito manguezais, do litoral sul ao norte do país, por meio de DRX, infravermelho e MET, das frações finas (silte, argila total e argila fina). A assembléia mineralógica da fração argila é composta, predominantemente, por caulinita, esmectita, ilitas férricas e traços de quartzo e gibbsita. Na argila fina, observou-se a presença de grandes quantidades de caulinita e esmectitas, provavelmente férricas, associadas a algum mineral 2:1 HE além de ilita de baixa cristalinidade interestratificada com minerais expansivos. Dados de semi-quantificação e características cristalográficas de caulinitas e ilitas revelam que a geologia das áreas continentais adjacentes aos manguezais influencia diretamente a assembléia mineralógica dos solos desses ambientes. Sob esse olhar, três padrões de manguezais foram identificados ao longo da costa: manguezais influenciados diretamente por sedimentos derivados de solos desenvolvidos sobre materiais geológicos do escudo cristalino pré-cambriano, com caulinitas pouco cristalinas, ilitas originadas das micas presentes nas rochas correspondentes e esmectitas autigênicas; manguezais próximos a áreas dos tabuleiros terciários do grupo Barreiras, com caulinitas mais cristalinas e menores teores de minerais 2:1; e aqueles sob influência de materiais advindos do clima semi-árido nordestino (menos alterados), com grande quantidade de minerais 2:1 neoformados e herdados dos solos dessas áreas adjacentes, o que pode ser apoiado pelas maiores quantidades de ilitas, com cristalinidade menor. Estudos mais específicos acerca da composição química dos minerais e de seus mecanismos geoquímicos de formação devem ser realizados futuramente, para melhor entendimento dos processos propostos e sua relação com a dinâmica biogeoquímica de importantes elementos nesses ambientes, especialmente do Fe presente nos filossilicatos.
Mangroves are transitional ecosytems between continental and marine environments. Its widely distributed along Brazilian coast under great variability of climatic, oceanographic, geological and geomorphological conditions. Its soil mineralogy has a relevant role in the pedogenic processes and biogeochemical behavior of nutrients and potential inorganic and organic pollutants substances. The present study evaluated the mineralogical composition of fine fractions (silt, clay and fine clay) of eight Brazilian mangrove soils of south to north coast using XRD, infrared spectrometry and TEM analyses. The mineralogical assemblage of clay fraction consists on kaolinite, smectite, ferric illite and traces of quartz and gibbsite. In fine clay fraction it can be observed great amounts of kaolinite and smectites, probably ferric, associated with 2:1 hydroxy interlayered minerals beyond poorly crystalline illite-smectite interstratified minerals. Semi-quantification data and kaolinite/illite crystallographic characteristics reveal the importance of geological materials of continental adjacent areas for mineralogical composition of mangrove soils. Thus three different patterns were identified along the coast: mangrove influenced directly by sediments derived from soils developed on geological materials of Pre-Cambrian basement rocks, with poorly crystalline kaolinites, illite transformed from diagenetic mica present in Pre-Cambrian and authigenic smectites; mangroves next to Tertiary Barreiras Group sediments, with better crystalline kaolinites and less amounts of 2:1 phyllosilicates; and mangroves under influence of sediments that come from soils developed under northeastern semi-arid climate (less weathered), evidenced by great amounts of inherited and neoformed 2:1 phyllosilicates and poorly-crystalline illite. More specific studies about clay minerals chemical composition and its geochemical formation mechanisms should be performed in future, for better understanding of proposed processes and its relation with the biogeochemical dynamics of certain elements in this environment, specially the iron present in phyllosilicates.
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"THE EFFECTS OF LAND USE ON PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ON TROPICAL SOILS, COSTA RICA." Texas Christian University, 2010. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-04262010-112228/.

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Books on the topic "Clay soils – Costa Rica"

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Julio, Sánchez Pérez, and Banco Central de Costa Rica. Museos, eds. Aves de piedra, barro y oro en la Costa Rica precolombina =: Birds of stone, clay, and gold in pre-Columbian Costa Rica. San José: Museos Banco Central de Costa Rica, 2009.

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Taller Latinoamericano de Manejo de Suelos Tropicales (2nd 1990 San José, Costa Rica). Manejo de suelos tropicales en Latinoamérica: Trabajos presentados durante el II Taller Latinoamericano de Manejo de Suelos Tropicales, San José, Costa Rica, 9-13 de julio, 1990. Raleigh, NC, USA: Soil Science Dept., North Carolina State University, 1991.

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O, Evans Dale, Szott Lawrence T, Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association, Taiwan Sheng lin ye shi yan suo., and International Workshop on Nitrogen Fixing Trees for Acid Soil (1994 : Turrialba, Costa Rica), eds. Nitrogen fixing trees for acid soils: Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association and the Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza July 3-8, 1994 Turrialba, Costa Rica. Morrilton, Ark: Published by Winrock International's Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association and the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clay soils – Costa Rica"

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Fassbender, Hans W. "Longterm studies of soil fertility in cacao-shade trees-agroforestry systems: Results of 15 years of organic matter and nutrients research in Costa Rica." In Soils of Tropical Forest Ecosystems, 150–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03649-5_17.

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"Potential of Soil Carbon Sequestration in Costa Rica." In Carbon Sequestration in Soils of Latin America, 175–94. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482298031-17.

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"Above- and Belowground Carbon Sequestration Under Various Land-Use Systems and Soil Types in Costa Rica." In Carbon Sequestration in Soils of Latin America, 195–214. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482298031-18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Clay soils – Costa Rica"

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Johan S Perret, Joel E Reyes, Víctor R Bazán, B K Singh, Kelly T Morgan, and Robert A Gilbert. "Lysimeter Experiments to Investigate the Fate and Transport of Vinasse Application in Tropical Soils." In 21st Century Watershed Technology: Improving Water Quality and Environment Conference Proceedings, 21-24 February 2010, Universidad EARTH, Costa Rica. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29432.

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Reports on the topic "Clay soils – Costa Rica"

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Akinleye, Taiwo, Idil Deniz Akin, Amanda Hohner, Indranil Chowdhury, Richards Watts, Xianming Shi, Brendan Dutmer, James Mueller, and Will Moody. Evaluation of Electrochemical Treatment for Removal of Arsenic and Manganese from Field Soil. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-019.

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Soils containing inorganic compounds are frequently encountered by transportation agencies during construction within the right-of-way, and they pose a threat to human health and the environment. As a result, construction activities may experience project delays and increased costs associated with management of inorganic compounds containing soils required to meet environmental regulations. Recalcitrance of metal-contaminated soils toward conventional treatment technologies is exacerbated in clay or organic content-rich fine-grained soils with low permeability and high sorption capacity because of increased treatment complexity, cost, and duration. The objective of this study was to develop an accelerated in situ electrochemical treatment approach to extract inorganic compounds from fine-grained soils, with the treatment time comparable to excavation and off-site disposal. Three reactor experiments were conducted on samples collected from two borehole locations from a field site in Illinois that contained arsenic (As)(~7.4 mg/kg) and manganese (Mn)(~700 mg/kg). A combination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and/or citrate buffer solution was used to treat the soils. A low-intensity electrical field was applied to soil samples using a bench-scale reactor that resembles field-scale in situ electrochemical systems. For the treatment using 10% H2O2 and citrate buffer solution, average removal of 23% and 8% were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. With 4% H2O2 and citrate buffer, 39% and 24% removal were achieved for Mn and As; while using only citrate buffer as the electrolyte, 49% and 9% removal were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. All chemical regimes adopted in this study reduced the inorganic compound concentrations to below the maximum allowable concentration for Illinois as specified by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. The results from this work indicate that electrochemical systems that leverage low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and citrate buffer can be effective for remediating soils containing manganese and arsenic.
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