Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Classroom teacher talk'
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Carroll, John. "Taking the initiative : the role of drama in pupil/teacher talk." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3592.
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The study takes as its focus the techniques of Drama-in-Education as developed by Dorothy Heathcote and analyses the classroom discourse produced by teacher's and pupils when they are engaged in unscripted 'In-role' drama. The study asserts that the specific spoken genre produced by the framed discourse of Drama alters the semiotic context of the classroom in such a way that the language interactions of both pupils and teachers differ from the commonly accepted "recitation" pattern of much classroom discourse. The drama discourse was examined from the following perspectives; 1. The data was classified in terms of M.A.K. Halliday's Systemic Linguistics in order to establish the basis of a specific spoken genre for 'In-role' drama. 2. The data was then statistically compared, with the aid of a specifically developed computer based classification system, to a large sample of non-drama classroom discourse (The Primary Language Survey 1980-81). The research findings showed that 'In-role' drama is some 20% more about societal concerns and correspond1ngly less about material facts than is traditional classroom discourse. The study also showed that the use of drama techniques enabled teachers to shift the focus of communicat1on from centrally controlled participant structures to a more flexible context, which in turn allowed a greater range of classroom verbal initiatives on the part of the pupils. A central issue that emerged from the data was the degree to which cognitive and affective responses are inseparable In the Intellectual development of primary school pupils. The language of the drama genre was seen to comb1ne these elements 1n a way that 1s absent in most classrooms. It 1s claimed that expressive language, espec1ally In the explorations of interpersonal power and authority which were a characteristic of the more open discourse of the drama frame, enabled pupils to move into higher order areas of abstraction and language competency. It is recommended that the Inclusion of Drama-in-Educat1on strategies within the pr1mary syllabus would go some way to redressing the 1mbalance in what 1s seen as an overly pos1t1v1st1c curr1culum. It 1s further argued that "In-role' drama prov1des a powerful alternative teaching/learning strategy to the "recitation" methodology still prevalent in many pr1mary schools.
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Kim, Sungho. "An analysis of teacher question types in inquiry-based classroom and traditional classroom settings." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1979.
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This study examined the differences and patterns for three categories between an argument-based inquiry group and a traditional group over the period of the SWH (Science Writing Heuristic) project: (1) teacher talk time, (2) structure of questions (question types), and (3) student responses. The participating teachers were chosen randomly by a convenient sampling method because the data were collected previously from the SWH project. Each group had thirty teachers. A total of sixty teachers participated in the study. Student responses were part of the study to evaluate the effect of open-ended question types but students were not direct participants in the study. Each teacher was asked to send a recorded video clip of their class at the end of each semester (spring and fall) over two years. Each teacher sent four video clips for the project. A total of two hundred forty video clips was analyzed to gather the information regarding the three categories. The first category was teacher talk time. It was measured in seconds only when teachers interacted with students with the topic. The second category was the structure of questions (question types). It consisted of two question types (open-ended and close-ended). Under the open-ended question category, there were three sub-question types: (1) asking for explanation (AE), (2) asking for self-evaluation of reasoning (AF), and (3) asking for self-evaluation of others' reasoning (AFO). Under the close-ended question category, there were two sub-question types: (1) asking for factual information (AI) and (2) asking for confirmation (AC). Each sub- question type was counted numerically. The last category was student responses. Student responses consisted of higher-order thinking and lower-order thinking. Under the higher-order thinking category, there were three sub-types: (1) explanation responses (E), (2) self-evaluation of reasoning responses (SE), and (3) self-evaluation of others' reasoning responses (SEO). Under the lower-order thinking category, there was one sub-type: simple responses (S). Each sub type was counted numerically. Based on the descriptive results (the length of teacher talk time in seconds, the number of question types, and the number of student responses), repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to find any differences and patterns for teacher talk time, structure of questions and student responses between the treatment and control groups over the period of the project and across time (four different time points). The results showed that there were clear differences for teacher talk time, the structure of questions, and student responses between the treatment and control groups over the period of the project and across time. The treatment group teachers talked less and used more open-ended questions than the control group teachers. The treatment group students displayed more higher-order thinking responses than the control group students.
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Petkova, Mariana M. "Classroom discourse and Teacher talk influences on English language learner students' mathematics experiences." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002912.
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Walsh, S. "Characterising teacher talk in the second language classroom : a process model of reflective practice." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368528.
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Houen, Sandra Leanne. "Talk and web searching in an early years classroom." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/54617/1/Sandra_Houen__Thesis.pdf.
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Recent Australian early childhood policy and curriculum guidelines promoting the use of technologies invite investigations of young children’s practices in classrooms. This study examined the practices of one preparatory year classroom, to show teacher and child interactions as they engaged in Web searching. The study investigated the in situ practices of the teacher and children to show how they accomplished the Web search. The data corpus consists of eight hours of videorecorded interactions over three days where children and teachers engaged in Web searching. One episode was selected that showed a teacher and two children undertaking a Web search. The episode is shown to consist of four phases: deciding on a new search subject, inputting the search query, considering the result options, and exploring the selected result. The sociological perspectives of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis were employed as the conceptual and methodological frameworks of the study, to analyse the video-recorded teacher and child interactions as they co-constructed a Web search. Ethnomethodology is concerned with how people make ‘sense’ in everyday interactions, and conversation analysis focuses on the sequential features of interaction to show how the interaction unfolds moment by moment. This extended single case analysis showed how the Web search was accomplished over multiple turns, and how the children and teacher collaboratively engaged in talk.
There are four main findings. The first was that Web searching featured sustained teacher-child interaction, requiring a particular sort of classroom organisation to enable the teacher to work in this sustained way. The second finding was that the teacher’s actions recognised the children’s interactional competence in situ, orchestrating an interactional climate where everyone was heard. The third finding was that the teacher drew upon a range of interactional resources designed to progress the activity at hand, that of accomplishing the Web search. The teacher drew upon the interactional resources of interrogatives, discourse markers, and multi-unit turns during the Web search, and these assisted the teacher and children to co-construct their discussion, decide upon and co-ordinate their future actions, and accomplish the Web search in a timely way. The fourth finding explicates how particular social and pedagogic orders are accomplished through talk, where children collaborated with each other and with the teacher to complete the Web search.
The study makes three key recommendations for the field of early childhood education. The study’s first recommendation is that fine-grained transcription and analysis of interaction aids in understanding interactional practices of Web searching. This study offers material for use in professional development, such as using transcribed and videorecorded interactions to highlight how teachers strategically engage with children, that is, how talk works in classroom settings. Another strategy is to focus on the social interactions of members engaging in Web searches, which is likely to be of interest to teachers as they work to engage with children in an increasingly online environment. The second recommendation involves classroom organisation; how teachers consider and plan for extended periods of time for Web searching, and how teachers accommodate children’s prior knowledge of Web searching in their classrooms. The third recommendation is in relation to future empirical research, with suggested possible topics focusing on the social interactions of children as they engage with peers as they Web search, as well as investigations of techno-literacy skills as children use the Internet in the early years.
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Gregory, Jordan Alexis. "How does Classroom Context Affect Head Start Teachers' use of Cognitively Challenging Talk?" TopSCHOLAR®, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3139.
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Fisher, Anne. "What influences student teachers' ability to promote dialogic talk in the primary classroom?" Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3216.
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This thesis examines what it is that enables postgraduate student teachers to promote the recently introduced curriculum innovation, dialogic talk, in primary classrooms. Drawing on literature relating to the way talk has been enacted in English classrooms for the last thirty five years, it suggests that patterns of verbal interaction have continued to prove resistant to change, despite policy imperatives and university courses. Adopting a collaborative action research approach, data were collected in three cycles over three years to investigate the perceptions of three successive cohorts of postgraduate students of the role of talk in learning, and the place of the teacher in developing it. Using a sociocultural lens, students’ conceptual and pedagogic understanding of dialogic talk, and their ability to promote it, is examined in depth through nine case studies, as are the factors which the participants themselves identify as enabling or inhibiting engagement with innovation. It is suggested that the lack of a commonly agreed definition, and of readily available theoretical guidance, has reduced dialogic talk to just another label. As such, it can play no significant part in developing practice beyond rapid question-and-answer routines of ‘interactive teaching’ and the potentially reductive IRF (Initiation, Response, Feedback) script recorded by researchers (Mroz et al, 2000; Myhill, 2006) before, and after the inception of the National Literacy Strategy (1998a). Turning to the role of the university, it questions the place of the ‘demonstration lesson’ and whole cohort lectures, urging that significant changes need to be made to the role of the teaching practice tutor, and the nature of ‘partnership’ between schools and university departments. Finally, it speculates that without a significant change in the way university departments examine, and address, the values, attitudes and memories of talk that student teachers bring with them from their own primary classrooms, there will continue to be replication of practice.
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Hennessy, Robin Marie. "Real Talk: A Teacher Researches Language, Literacy and Diversity in an Urban High School Classroom." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2166.
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Thesis advisor: Curt Dudley-MarlingThis project was my attempt to rewrite the discourse of schooling within the context of my own classroom to transform it into a dialogic, multilingual, multi-literacy and critical literacy site that offered students opportunities for rigorous and relevant intellectual work. The purpose of this study was to deepen my understanding of the teaching and learning of language and literacies in diverse urban schools so that I might enhance my practice and contribute to the knowledge-base in the field. To that end, I asked: what happens when I broaden what counts as academic discourse and academic texts? Engaging in practitioner inquiry, I studied the discursive space of my ninth grade literacy class in the urban public school where I teach. Throughout the 2008-09 academic year, I collected data in the form of audio-recordings of class discussions and student interviews, student work and a teacher journal. Using critical discourse analysis, I analyzed the discursive space and situated those findings across local, institutional and societal domains. My analysis of the data suggests that urban schools need not rely on scripted and low-expectations curricula that limit ways with words in academic contexts. Instead, I argue that a student-centered and dialogic pedagogy, which centers students not only in classroom discourse, but also in the curriculum by including texts and instructional practices relevant to their lives beyond the school walls, creates a context for student engagement in rigorous intellectual work. To that end, teachers need not devalue particular literacies or ways with words as inappropriate for classroom discourse, but should instead draw on students' funds of knowledge as legitimate resources for learning
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Curriculum and Instruction
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Scott, Brigitte Condon. "Discussing Sexuality in the English Classroom: Using Bakhtinian Analyses and Positioning Theory to Explore Teacher Talk." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19311.
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This dissertation is an examination of the ways English teachers may be complicit in reproducing an abstinence-based sex education discourse in their own classroom practices and discussions of literature. Working from disciplinary research in sex education, sociology, English education, anthropology, and public health, I explore English teachers\' experiences in negotiating the effects of, reactions to, and expectations for discussing sexuality, intimacy, and gender in a school community. Using feminist positioning theory and Bakhtin\'s concepts of dialogism and ventriloquism, I explore how teachers approach, grapple with, contribute to, and leverage dominant institutional discourses in their practices, thereby mediating knowledge, possibilities for conversations, and institutional norms. An amalgam of teaching philosophies, methodologies, and political ideologies underscores teachers\' voicing patterns and discursive positions, helping to further inform an understanding of how contentious social issues are negotiated in the classroom. The agentic discursive positions teachers take up provide insights into teachers as mediating agents within institutional discourses, but not necessarily as change agents of institutional norms.Ph. D.
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Thoms, Joshua J. "Teacher-initiated talk and student oral discourse in a second language literature classroom : a sociocultural analysis." Diss., University of Iowa, 2008. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4555.
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Sarah, N., and Alissa A. Lange. "The Influence of Children's Gender on Preschool Teachers' Math Talk in the Classroom." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4185.
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Simas, Luis Filipe. "Talk and learning ESL-examing the effectiveness of teacher talk in terms of fostering the learning of esl students in a Portuguese classroom." Thesis, Open University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526898.
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This dissertation describes classroom-based research on talk and learning. The educational problem I addressed is underachievement. My research addressed a group of thirteen to fourteen year-old ESL students in Portuguese classrooms, with a view to foster their speaking skills and turn them into successest,h rough the use of scaffolding techniques. The theoretical framework for my research was largely informed by Vygotsky's theory of socio-cognitive development, complemented by contributions from the Neo-Vygotskian school of thought. But, given the specifics of its context, other research traditions also receive attention in my literature review. Among these are research on the importance of context and ideology for my study, and research on the grammar of spoken English. The research design adopted for both the pilot and the main research study was a quasiexperimental `pre and post' approach, intended to test the outcomes achieved by the use of specific scaffolding strategies. The analysis looked at scaffolding already being used by the teachers I worked with and identified weaknesses and possible ways of scaffolding the learners, with references to the literature reviewed. I then identified and discussed these additional possibilities with the teachers and recorded and analysed their subsequent work with the learners. A tentative conclusion is that it is possible to foster the speaking skills of underachievers in the contexts under analysis, through a more sensitive deployment of scaffolding strategies by the teacher. While more research is needed in this field, it is hoped that my study will make a valid contribution to the teaching of English, as a foreign language in non-English speaking countries
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Yousif, Amna A. "Teacher talk in a formal setting : linguistic modifications in non-native speakers language in the university classroom." Thesis, University of Reading, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333451.
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DeMarco, Berman Stephanie Rose. "Incremental socioeconomic inequalities : differences in language and lessons in five Massachusetts high schools." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31441.
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This study is inspired by a desire to revisit Anyon's Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work (1980) in a more contemporary context, one that responds to calls in the research on the socioeconomic achievement gap for deeper investigation into the heterogeneity of the middle class. More specifically, the research examines five middle class American high schools in Massachusetts, and asks the question, 'How is classroom 'work' different across these schools, thirty years after Anyon's study'? This study employs several methods of analysis including Anyon's ethnographic observational analysis and a corpus linguistic analysis. It also uses reflexive interviews to review initial findings and integrate participant input into the data itself. I also draw upon the data in light of previous frameworks to develop a new framework for looking at smaller differences in teacher talk, lessons and classroom instruction that is more fit for purpose. Through these ethnographic observations and reflexive interviews, this study reveals that even across schools that are considered to belong to the same socioeconomic class - the middle class - differences in instruction and lessons can be clearly observed. The body of literature discussing the middle class, in terms of the diversity within it, is very small, this extensive study contributes to this knowledge, and hopefully creates avenues for further research. Using Anyon's approach of observing 'work' across social class in classrooms this research builds on Anyon's findings in a contemporary context. Insight into the ways in which difference manifests in smaller ways in the classroom may be fundamental in understanding how small differences compound across the socioeconomic spectrum. The impact of this research on the socioeconomic achievement gap is a better, more complete, look at the picture of how the distribution of resources across the socioeconomic spectrum plays a role in classroom differences.
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Sunderland, Jane. "Gendered discourse in the foreign language classroom : teacher-student and student-teacher talk, and the social construction of children's femininities and masculinities." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360422.
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Larson, Elizabeth Wellman. "An observation and analysis of teacher foreigner talk in an English as a second language classroom at the secondary level : an ethnographic perspective /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250014790.
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Hawkes, Rachel. "Learning to talk and talking to learn : how spontaneous teacher-learner interaction in the secondary foreign languages classroom provides greater opportunities for L2 learning." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610676.
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Clancy, Shannon M. "The Mediating Effects of Science Classroom Talk on the Understanding of Earth-Sun-Moon Concepts with Middle School Students Who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1483721076314004.
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Bassi, Madu Musa. "Multilingual teacher-talk in Secondary school classrooms in Yola, North-East Nigeria: Exploring the interface of language and knowledge using legitimation code theory and terminology theory." University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8498.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDIt has been noted by Lin (2013) that studies on multilingual talk, as illustrated by code switching in the classroom, have been repetitive and descriptive, and have for a while not been underpinned by substantially new or different questions (Lin, 2013:15). First, many of the studies in the literature have, for instance, concluded that there is a functional allocation of languages (FAL) in multilingual classroom teacher talk (e.g. Baker, 2012; Martin, 1996; Probyn, 2006, 2014; Jegede, 2012; Modupeola, 2013; Salami, 2008), such that language „a‟ is used for presentational knowledge, and language „b‟ is used for explanatory knowledge, and these claims have not been subjected to sustained scrutiny. Secondly, codeswitching and translanguaging increasingly have been the dominant and exclusive frameworks used, and this has limited the kinds of insights that can be obtained or the kinds of questions that can be posed. Thirdly, where the effects of multilingual teacher talk on students‟ understanding or knowledge are at all captured in studies, such effects have either been based on researcher intuition or have not been the object of sustained empirical demonstration. Fourthly, many studies have assumed merely that it is the configuration of languages that produces claimed effects of multilingual teacher talk, and attention has hardly been paid to repetition of content or to knowledge structure. Fifthly, it is not often the case that studies or findings are presented in a nuanced form that takes into account the possible effect of different subject types, school types or levels of study. Sixthly, and overall, many studies making claims on the effect of teacher‟s code-switching or trans-languaging on students‟ knowledge do not theoretically engage with knowledge, beyond the distinction between presentational and explanatory forms of knowledge, thus illustrating what Maton (2013) regards as “knowledge-blindness” (that is, the paradox of limited engagement with knowledge structures in pedagogical research making knowledge claims). As a result, little is known about how specific units of knowledge are encoded according to categories in a theory of knowledge, how knowledge encodings interface with languages, and how composite knowledge structures-language profiles can be visualised. This study draws on Legitimation Code Theory Semantic and Terminology Theory in order to investigate the interface of language and knowledge in multilingual teacher-talk in science and business studies classrooms in Yola, North-Eastern Nigeria. This focus should make it possible to answer questions such as the following which, though important, have not often been posed on account of the limited engagement in the research on classroom multilingualism with theories of knowledge: a) to what extent is it appropriate to claim that there is a functional allocation of language in multilingual teacher-talk (in which language „a‟ is used for so-called presentational knowledge, and language „b‟ for explanatory knowledge)?; b) what kinds of encodings of knowledge occur in a set of science and business studies lessons?; c) given documented visual patterns of knowledge dynamics emerging from recent research in the sociology of knowledge (e.g. semantic waves, semantic flatlines both high and low, downward shift and upward shift), (Maton: 2013, 2014a, 2014b), what knowledge profiles are observable and how does language use in multilingual teacher-talk map onto these patterns?; d) how are any observed differences in the composite knowledge-language profiles to be explained?; and e) what effects do various language-knowledge profiles have on students‟ understanding of the lesson and on their demonstration of their knowledge? Data for the study was derived from transcripts of audio-recorded multilingual teacher-talk in two subjects (integrated science and business studies) as taught in grades seven and nine in four secondary schools (two private and two public schools) in Yola, North-East Nigeria. Findings show, among others, that it is not always the case that the official classroom language (English) is used for introductory discourses, and the non-official classroom languages are used for explanatory discourses. Findings further reveal that it is not primarily the functional allocation of languages that explains perceptions or empirical claims of enhanced student understanding. We also observed that the number of content iterations, combined with knowledge structures, is an important factor that enhances or explains the performance of students. While this research has paid a lot of attention to teacher talk in the classrooms in two sites in Yola, North-East, Nigeria, where the use of Hausa and Fulfulde languages by the students is mainly in the spoken form, it would be interesting for future research to replicate this type of study in an environment where the non-official language of the classroom is perhaps used more frequently in reading and writing.
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Lee, Joseph J. "A Genre Analysis of Second Language Classroom Discourse: Exploring the Rhetorical, Linguistic, and Contextual Dimensions of Language Lessons." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/alesl_diss/15.
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The purpose of the present study is to expand our current understanding of second language classroom discourse by exploring how four English as a second language (ESL) teachers working in an intensive English program structurally organize classroom language lessons through the use of language; how students and teachers perceive the functions of the various stages in a lesson; how teachers prepare for their language lessons; and how various discourses and texts in this teaching context influence teachers‘ spoken discourse in the classroom. In order to carry out the exploratory study of language lessons, a multidimensional genre-oriented approach is utilized that is sensitive to both textual and contextual analyses of language lessons.
The findings suggest that despite the spontaneous nature of classroom settings and sometimes improvised nature of classroom teaching, experienced ESL teachers have generated and internalized schemata of language lessons, which consists of a stable schematic structure and linguistic patterns that are recognizable by both teachers and students. However, rather than viewing a language lesson as a distinctive genre, the study suggests that it might be described more precisely as a sub-genre of the classroom discourse genre proper that shares broad communicative purposes with other classroom discourse sub-genres, although also maintaining its own distinct characteristics. Further, the analysis indicates that seven resources appear to interact in dynamic, dialogic, and complex ways as experienced teachers set about constructing lessons that are goal-oriented, activity-driven, cohesive, and meaningful for both themselves and their students. Finally, the results demonstrate that experienced teachers integrate various material resources in the classroom that influence their talk; consequently, a language lesson can be regarded as both a process and a product that is highly multimodal, multimedial, and intertextual. The study concludes with implications for genre studies, classroom discourse studies, and second language teacher education, and with suggestions for future research.
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Kiemer, Katharina [Verfasser], Christina [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Seidel, and Ingo [Gutachter] Kollar. "Fostering Motivational Learning Outcomes in Students during Productive Classroom Talk : Investigating the Effectiveness of a Video-based Teacher Professional Development Programme in Mathematics and Science Classrooms. / Katharina Kiemer ; Gutachter: Christina Seidel, Ingo Kollar ; Betreuer: Christina Seidel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1126644188/34.
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Torres, Núñez Pablo Enrique. "The culturally adaptive functionality of self-regulation : explorations of children's behavioural strategies and motivational attitudes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275666.
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The present study aimed to explore the culture specificity of student self-regulation and its supporting motivational attitudes. Specifically, it enquired about similarities and differences between Chilean and English 8 to 9 year-old students in terms of their expression of self-regulatory behaviours, the psychological factors underlying these behaviours, and the functionality of these behaviours for task performance. It also compared student adoption of achievement motivational attitudes as well as the functionality of these attitudes for investment of effort and self-regulatory activity between cultures. Finally, the role of classroom cultures for self-regulation was studied. In particular, it examined the effects of classrooms and the quality of teacher talk (teacher-to-student communicative interactions/demands), such as teacher ‘regulatory talk’ and ‘socio-motivational talk’, on student self-regulation. A quantitative approach to the analysis of qualitative data (i.e. videos of student behaviour engaged in 11 to 13 experimental tasks, semi-structured interviews, videoed literacy lessons) was adopted. Eight classrooms situated in different schools from Chile and England were part of the study. In total, 8 teachers and 49 students – one teacher and six to seven students per classroom – took active part in the study. Qualitative data was primarily analysed using observational scales (for student behaviour), thematic analysis (for interview data), as well as socio-cultural discourse analysis (for videoed lessons). Statistical techniques, such as Mann Whitney U test, Factor Analysis, Multinomial logistic regressions, and Multilevel regressions were then applied on numerical transformations of the data. Overall, results suggest that self-regulation and achievement motivational attitudes vary to important extents according to culture. Most interestingly, these varied between cultures not so much in terms of the degree to which children used or adopted them, but rather in terms of their functionality. Some key findings supporting this conclusion were: i) Strong similarities between English and Chilean children’s levels of self-regulatory behaviours; ii) substantial differences across country samples in relation to the psychological factors underlying the expression of specific self-regulatory behaviours; iii) the finding of evaluative actions being self-regulatory in England but not in Chile; iv) a higher variety of self-regulatory behaviours being predictive of task performance in England than in Chile; v) the fact that learned self-regulatory behaviours accounted for effects of effective metacognitive control on task performance in England but not Chile; vi) some important differences in the achievement motivational attitudes expressed by Chilean and English students; and vii) culture-specific functionalities of various achievement motivational attitudes with respect to student effort and self-regulatory behaviours. Moreover, results suggest that some aspects of children’s self-regulation and motivational attitudes develop as tools to adapt to classroom cultures, specifically to the learning interactions/demands socially afforded by teacher talk. Among key findings supporting this conclusion were: i) effects of classrooms on children’s cognitive, social, and motivational self-regulation behavioural strategies, and ii) clear effects of teacher ‘regulatory talk’ (e.g., teacher ‘self-regulatory talk’ predicting more planning and asking for clarifications in students) and ‘socio-motivational talk’ (e.g., teacher ‘talk against self-efficacy’ predicting higher dependency-oriented help-seeking in students) on those behaviours with respect to which classrooms were found to matter. Thus a theory about the culturally adaptive functionality (CAF) of self-regulation and motivational attitudes supporting self-regulation is developed throughout the thesis.
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Gunn, Kelly. "White Teachers/Black Classrooms: A Tale of Two Teachers." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1275922987.
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Camilleri, Antoinette. "Bilingual teacher talk in Maltese secondary classrooms." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20363.
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Harris, Simon. "Trainer talk : structures of interaction in teacher training classrooms." Thesis, Aston University, 2012. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/17471/.
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The subject of this research is interaction and language use in an institutional context, the teacher training classroom. Trainer talk is an interactional accomplishment and the research question is: what structures of talk-in-interaction characterise trainer talk in this institutional setting? While there has been research into other kinds of classroom and into other kinds of institutional talk, this study is the first on trainer discourse. The study takes a Conversation Analysis approach to studying institutional interaction and aims to identify the main structures of sequential organization that characterize teacher trainer talk as well as the tasks and identities that are accomplished in it. The research identifies three main interactional contexts in which trainer talk is done: expository, exploratory and experiential. It describes the main characteristics of each and how they relate to each other. Expository sequences are the predominant interactional contexts for trainer talk. But the research findings show that these contexts are flexible and open to the embedding of the other two contexts. All three contexts contribute to the main institutional goal of teaching teachers how to teach. Trainer identity is related to the different sequential contexts. Three main forms of identity in interaction are evidenced in the interactional contexts: the trainer as trainer, the trainer as teacher and the trainer as colleague. Each of them play an important role in teacher trainer pedagogy. The main features of trainer talk as a form of institutional talk are characterised by the following interactional properties: 1. Professional discourse is both the vehicle and object of instruction - the articulation of reflection on experience. 2. There is a reflexive relationship between pedagogy and interaction. 3. The professional discourse that is produced by trainees is not evaluated by trainers but, rather, reformulated to give it relevant precision in terms of accuracy and appropriacy.
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Coultas, Valerie. "Teachers' narratives of classroom talk : what are the challenges?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10021757/.
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This study seeks to explore English teachers’ understandings of the challenges of classroom talk. A key assumption is that while many teachers and researchers view talk for learning as valuable, there is still a problem when it comes to actually using talk and small group learning widely. There are many different challenges that emerge when teachers try to promote this type of learning. Rather than study classroom discourse therefore, I wanted to focus on teachers’ understandings of how talk works in the classroom. This was the problem I wanted to research in more depth. I start the study with my own talk autobiography. I reflect on my own life in education and my life as a teacher in urban schools and highlight the role of talk, language and learning in my intellectual development. Having done this I identify the questions I wanted to ask teachers. I wanted to hear their stories of talk as pupils and as teachers. I chose to talk to six teachers at different stages of their careers in different phases of education. Later, I return to the teachers and ask them to video a lesson and identify what I am calling ‘a critical moment for talk’. We then evaluate such moments collaboratively. The study is sociocultural in approach. Further, the life narrative case studies draw on traditions of practitioner and feminist research with the aim of making teachers’ expertise more visible in wider debates about classroom talk. The analysis of the case studies suggests that a teacher’s own experiences in education and their values influence pedagogy and specifically their approach to talk. They reveal the challenges of dealing with conflicting power relationships within group work and during whole class dialogue and consider some solutions. The era and context are shown as particularly powerful factors in influencing pedagogy. Today what I refer to as the ‘talk for learning model’ is under attack and the focus has returned to the promotion of standard English. The aim of the study is make teachers’ intuitions and insights available about the place of talk and what they have found challenging about organising talk for learning.
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Brider, John Edward. "The classroom talk of nine-year-olds : a study of interactions amongst teachers and peer groups." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1993. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020205/.
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Christodoulou, Andri. "The science classroom as a site of epistemic talk : two case studies of teachers and their students." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-science-classroom-as-a-site-of-epistemic-talk(1b54df8d-c70d-475b-90e0-91d20396870b).html.
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Current science education documents emphasise both teaching the content and methods of science, and, promoting an understanding of the nature of scientific practices. One way of presenting the epistemic nature of science in the science classroom is foregrounding the role of argument in science. Argumentation is considered as a form of ’epistemic discourse’ that can enhance students’ epistemological understanding. Yet, little is known of the epistemic discourse initiated by teachers, either in ordinary or argumentation-based instruction. Therefore, this study explored the epistemic features of two science teachers’ classroom talk, as they engaged in argumentation and non-argumentation lessons. The extent to which student discourse was influenced by teacher discourse during argument-based instruction, and students’ views of theories and evidence, were also explored. An exploratory case study design was utilised. Teachers were observed teaching a Year 9 (13 lessons) and Year 10 (12 lessons) class throughout a school year. Other data collected included teacher interviews and field notes. One group of students from each class was also observed and interviewed. The analysis of classroom talk was based on ’epistemic operations’. The results showed how during argumentation lessons teachers engaged in the epistemic practices of construction, justification and evaluation. In non-argumentation lessons, classroom talk focused mainly on construction. The teachers’ classroom talk depended on their views of the nature and function of argumentation, and their perceptions of students’ difficulties with argumentation. The student talk modelled the teacher talk in the processes of justification and evaluation. Students engaged in epistemic discourse when they were confident of their knowledge of the topic discussed; the structure of the lesson was such that prompted them explicitly to engage in justificatory or evaluative processes, and, they were provided opportunities to discuss ideas in pairs before moving to larger groups. Implications for pre-service and in-service training that aim to promote argumentation in science education are discussed.
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Thörne, Karin. "Teaching genetics - a linguistic challenge : A classroom study of secondary teachers' talk about genes, traits and proteins." Licentiate thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-15311.
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The overall aim of this thesis is to investigate how teachers talk about genetics in actual classroom situations. An understanding of how language is used in action can give detailed information about how the subject matter is presented to the students as well as insights in linguistic challenges. From the viewpoint of seeing language to be at the very core of teaching and learning, this study investigates teachers’ spoken language in the classroom in topics within genetics that are known to be both crucial and problematic. Four lower secondary school teachers in compulsory school grade 9 (15-16 years old) were observed and recorded through a whole sequence of genetic teaching. The empirical data consisted of 45 recorded lessons. The teachers’ verbal communication was analyzed using thematic pattern analysis, which is based on the framework of systemic functional linguistics (SFL). The focus of the thesis is to determine how teachers talk about the relationships between the concepts of gene, protein and trait, i.e. the functional aspects of genetics. Prior research suggests that this is a central aspect of genetics education, but at the same time it is problematic for students to understand because the concepts belong to different organizational levels. In the first study I investigated how the concepts of gene and trait were related in the context of Mendelian genetics. My results revealed that the teachers’ way of talking resulted in different meanings regarding the relationship between gene and trait: 1) the gene as an active entity causing the trait 2) the gene as a passive entity identified by the trait 3) the gene as having the trait, and 4) the gene as being the trait. Moreover it was found that the old term anlag was regularly used by the teachers as synonym for both gene and trait. In the second study I examined how teachers included proteins in their lessons, and if and how they discussed proteins as a link between different organizational levels. This study showed that teachers commonly did not emphasize the many functions of proteins in our body. The main message of all teachers was that proteins are built. Two of the teachers used proteins as a link between gene and trait, whereas two of them did not. None of the teachers talked explicitly about genes as exclusively coding for proteins, which implies that the gene codes for both proteins and traits. The linguistic analysis of teachers’ talk in action revealed that small nuances in language used by the teachers resulted in different meanings of the spoken language. Thus, my work identifies several linguistic challenges in the teaching of genetics.This thesis is written within the framework of the Hasselblad Foundation Graduate School, a four-year programme financed by the Hasselblad Foundation.
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Smith-Price, Julie. "Why Do They Talk That Way?: Teachers' Perceptions of the Language Young Students Bring into the Classroom." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2009. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/916.
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The language children bring to the classroom (home language) is often different from the language that is expected or accepted in schools. These language differences are often met with a variety of reactions from teachers. The purpose of this research is threefold: (a) to apply a narrative inquiry design to explore how teachers respond to the language that children bring (home language) to the early childhood classroom and the effects this response has on their work with children; (b) to engage in research efforts that will explore how differences in language may affect or be affected by pedagogy, curriculum development, and teachers' expectations; (c) to understand how teachers feel about their preparation and capacity to address the issue of language diversity. The 4 participants in this study are either current or former teachers of children between the ages of 4 to 8 years. Through the use of narrative inquiry, I have acquired stories from each of the 4 participants. The stories provide insight into these teachers' perceptions of children's language in the classroom. The stories also open discussions on language diversity and the role it plays in early childhood education classrooms as well as how prepared teachers are to deal with language differences. With this study I hope to contribute to the research that focuses on language and language diversity in early childhood education. I would also hope to prompt further research on issues such as teachers' approaches to children's language differences within the classroom, the affects of different approaches to language diversity on pedagogy and curriculum, and finally on culturally sensitive pedagogy.
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Robertson, Sally-Ann. "The place of language in supporting children’s mathematical development: two Grade 4 teachers’ use of classroom talk." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62072.
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Measures of mathematics achievement (documented locally, and in internationally comparative terms) have shown that South African learners whose first language (L1) is different from their language of learning and teaching (LoLT) are at a significant disadvantage, most particularly learners from vulnerable or marginalised communities. This transdisciplinary case study looks at two experienced Grade 4 teachers’ mathematics classroom talk practices. It is situated within a second language (L2) teaching/learning context in which teachers and learners share the same first language, but mathematics learning and teaching takes place officially through an L2 (English). The study is located within a qualitative and interpretive framework. It brings together insights from a range of distinct but complementary theoretical disciplines in its analysis of the empirical classroom observation and interview data. Its theoretical framing derives initially from professional literature relating to L2 teaching and learning. This is then embedded within a broader theoretical frame deriving from the work of Vygotsky, Bernstein and Halliday, each of whom has focussed on the centrality of language to the teaching/ learning process, as well as contributed to a heightened appreciation of socio-cultural influences on learners’ meaning-making processes. The study illuminates some of the linguistic challenges to L2 children’s maximal participation in the learning of school mathematics. It points too to the significant challenge many South African mathematics teachers face in trying to meet curriculum coverage and pacing demands, while simultaneously facilitating their learners’ ongoing induction – in and through L2 predominantly – into mathematically-appropriate discourse. Grade 4 is a year in which such challenges are often more acutely felt. Independently of the transition across to an L2 for the majority of South African learners, this is the year also where - relative to the foundation phase years - learners encounter an expansion of knowledge areas and more specialised academic text. Many learners struggle to adjust to these higher conceptual and linguistic demands, often leading to what has been termed a ‘fourth-grade slump’. The study highlights the need for more sustained and proactive challenging of perceptions that English as LoLT is the obvious route to educational - and subsequent economic - opportunity. Recognition of the consequences deriving from the choice of English as the main LoLT for mathematics teaching and learning could help counterbalance deficit discourses implicating poor teaching as a major contributor to South Africa’s poor mathematics education outcomes. The study highlights further that, if language is genuinely to be used as the ‘tool’ for learning it is claimed to be, synergistic opportunities for the dovetailing of insights into L2 learners’ literacy/ numeracy development require further exploration. It points to the need for ongoing professional development support for teachers of mathematics (at both pre- and in-service levels) that focuses on broadening and deepening their understandings around the linguistic, and hence epistemological, consequences of learning mathematics through an L2. Expanding mathematics teachers’ repertoires of strategies for supporting learners’ developing cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP) in mathematics (in both L1 and L2) would involve a conception of ‘academic language’ in mathematics which goes beyond a constrained interpretation of ‘legitimate’ mathematical text as that which is in texts such as curriculum documents and text books. Especially important here are strategies which foreground the value of classroom talk in assisting L2 children towards becoming more confident, competent and explorative bilingual learners, and thereby, more active agents of their own mathematical meaning-making processes. The study argues that such meaning-making processes would be further strengthened were additive bilingualism (in place of current predominantly subtractive practices) to be genuinely taken up as core to any teaching and learning of mathematics in contexts such as those described in this case study.
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Velez, Jonathan J. "Instructor Communication Behaviors and Classroom Climate: Exploring Relationships with Student Self-Efficacy and Task Value Motivation." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211151901.
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Hind, Andrew. "Talking the talk : a longitudinal case study of the development of early career science teachers' knowledge of the nature and purposes of classroom talk." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16224/.
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The complexity of teacher professional knowledge is well established in a range of models of professional knowledge (Shulman, 1986; Engeström, 1987; Eraut, 2014) and a number of studies have examined models of science classroom talk (Mortimer and Scott, 2003; Viiri and Saari, 2006; Lehesvuori et al., 2013). However, research that tries to use models of classroom talk to develop classroom practice has identified challenges in the complexity of developing teacher knowledge in this area (Viiri and Saari, 2006; Lehesvuori et al., 2011; Chen et al., 2016) .This study uses a longitudinal case study approach to examine the development of early career teachers’ understanding of the nature and purposes of science classroom talk. Seven case study teachers were interviewed over a three-year period from their initial teacher training until the end of their second year of employment. Alternate semi-structured and unstructured interviews explored the teachers’ views of how and why they used talk in their classrooms. The interviews present a complexity of interaction between training experiences, individual identities and the multiple communities of practice in which the teachers work. These interactions create tensions and conflicts for the case study teachers as they develop their understanding of the nature and role of classroom talk. The experiences of the case study teachers suggest that for research on classroom talk to influence teachers’ practice there needs to be a recognition of the important influence of teachers’ own identity and ideas about learning. A model of science classroom talk is developed that integrates theoretical frameworks for science classroom talk with insights into how early career teachers think about classroom talk in their practice. The findings also provide insight into the complexity of teacher knowledge in an area of practice that is both fundamental to the role of a teacher and underdeveloped as an area of professional development.
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Joubert, Marie V. "Classroom mathematical learning with computers : the mediational effects of the computer, the teacher and the task." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/ba00d25e-3dcb-4f08-a32f-833bb4e0fd5b.
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The mathematics education research community has been involved in lively debate concerning the use of ICT, particularly computers, in the teaching and learning of mathematics for over two decades. However, despite research evidence that computers have the potential to contribute to the learning of mathematics in significant ways, this potential is frequently under utilised and the use of computers in mathematics classrooms has not become embedded to the extent that early research suggested might have occurred. Reviews of the research literature suggest a need for attention to the processes in which students engage as they work on computer-mediated tasks in authentic mathematics classrooms. This study contributes to this research agenda, by exploring in detail students’ mathematical activity in these situations. It aims to investigate the mathematical learning of the students as they engage in classroom mathematics tasks which involve the use of computers. Two further aims are to investigate the ways in which computer feedback and teacher interventions influence the students’ learning. The thesis develops a theoretical framework for the analysis of student learning, suggesting that students need to engage in a range of ‘dialectics’ within both the pragmatic/empirical and the mathematical/systematic fields. The analysis of the data shows that, from the perspective of this framework, the students’ mathematical learning was limited. The analysis provides evidence of the important mediational roles of teacher interventions and computer feedback; but shows that neither supported the students in making transitions between the pragmatic/empirical and mathematical/systematic fields or in engaging in all types of dialectics. Analysis of the design of the task, however, demonstrates the key importance of the task in promoting or inhibiting the students’ mathematical learning. The findings point to the need for teachers to consider the dialogic relationship between mathematics and computer feedback in engineering classroom tasks, so as to exploit the power of computer feedback and plan their own interventions accordingly.
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Ma, Siu-wai Kitty. "Increasing on-task behaviour in preschool children in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1881136X.
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Liedmann, Céline. "How to teach modeling in mathematics classrooms? The implementation of modeling tasks. Comparing learning arrangements and teacher methods with respect to student’s activities." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-80522.
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There is a wide consensus that including mathematical modeling into the curricula is an important aim. A lot of attention has been spent on the realistic problems whereas their embedding in a classroom situation is less investigated so far, although the methodical
arrangements are of major importance for initiating students’ activities. In this paper, the implementation of the modeling task “swimming pool” in mathematics education in two lessons is compared concerning learning arrangement and teaching methods in depth with respect to the students’ activities. Two videos about this implementation will be shown and discussed in this workshop. They are supposed to demonstrate in which different ways teachers engage in modeling. The aim is to show teachers, especially those without
experience in teaching modeling, how modeling tasks can be implemented.
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Giguere, Beth. "Incorporating Auditory and Visual Feedback and Student Choice into an Interdependent Group Contingency to Improve On-Task Behavior." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7154.
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Group contingencies are efficient and effective behavioral interventions that allow teachers to apply a reinforcement criterion to a large group of students. However, most research on group contingencies has not examined the impact of types of teacher feedback and student choice of teacher feedback incorporated into the use of group contingencies. The current study used a multiple baseline across participants design with an embedded alternating treatments design to explore the use of an interdependent group contingency that compared the effectiveness of incorporating auditory or visual feedback to improve student on-task behavior of three students in public elementary school classrooms. The study also explored whether incorporating student choice into the feedback would enhance the outcomes for student behavior. The results indicated that the interdependent group contingency intervention was successful in increasing the on-task behavior of all three participants. The results also indicated that while both auditory and visual feedback were effective in increasing on-task behavior of all three students, two of the students engaged in slightly higher levels of on-task behavior when auditory feedback was used. When students were given the option to choose which type of feedback would be used, two of the three students favored auditory feedback over visual feedback, and on-task behaviors maintained for all three participants. These results have implications for the use of auditory feedback and choice in the classroom setting as part of a group contingency.
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Chan, Sui-ping. "Qualitative differences in teachers' enactment of task-based language teaching in the English as second language (ESL) primary classroom /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35881793.
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Chen, Szu-Yu. "The Impact of Kinder Training on Early Elementary School Children’s On-task Behavior: a Single Case Design." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804936/.
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Teachers appear to feel challenged by children’s off-task behavior in the classroom. Children’s off-task behavior can result in reduced academic engagement, increased teaching stress, and strained teacher-child relationships. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of kinder training on young children’s on-task behavior in the classroom. This study utilized an experimental single-case methodology and a multiple baseline across subjects design. Three elementary school teachers conducted weekly individual play sessions with students they identified as frequently exhibiting off-task behavior. The three children ranged in age from five to six years: two males and one female, two Caucasian non-Hispanic and one biracial. Two trained observers repeatedly assessed the child participants’ on-task behavior using the Direct Observation Form throughout the baseline and intervention phases. The findings provide support for kinder training as an effective play-based professional development-training model that can improve children’s on-task behavior. Results demonstrated that all child participants showed improvement in on-task classroom behavior. Visual analysis revealed that all child participants demonstrated a positive change in on-task behavior during the intervention phase. All teacher participants reported observing improvement in the child participants’ on-task behavior and teacher-child relationships. Teachers’ post-intervention reports supported the notion of reciprocal interactions among teacher-child relationships, understanding of children’s lifestyle and goals of misbehavior, and children’s on-task behavior.
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Chan, Sui-ping, and 陳瑞冰. "Qualitative differences in teachers' enactment of task-based language teaching in the English as second language (ESL) primary classroom." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45015363.
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Hammitt, Chad S. "Using cognitive task analysis to capture how expert principals conduct informal classroom walk-throughs and provide feedback to teachers." Thesis, University of Southern California, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3680853.
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Informal classroom walk-throughs conducted by school principals with feedback provided to teachers has been demonstrated to improve learning achievement in kindergarten through twelfth grade (K-12) education. Principals are often trained by experts to conduct these walk-throughs. Unfortunately, research shows that experts may omit up to 70% of the critical information needed by trainees to replicate their expertise. The purpose of this study was to capture the knowledge and skills expert K-12 principals use when they conduct informal classroom walk-throughs and provide feedback to teachers. Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) semi-structured interviews were conducted with three principals who were qualified as experts using both qualitative and quantitative measures. Action and decision steps, as well as standards, equipment, and conceptual knowledge from individual subject matter experts (SMEs) were captured and aggregated into a gold standard protocol which was reviewed by a fourth expert. The study also sought to identify and quantify the number and percentage of expert knowledge and skills omissions when the principals described how they conducted classroom walk-throughs and provided feedback to teachers. Findings indicate that expert principals omitted an average of 54.76% of the action and decision steps when compared to the gold standard protocol. This study extends the potential negative effects of relying on experts for instruction and curriculum development. The expert knowledge and skills captured by CTA methods may be used to train pre-service and in-service principals in performing the complex instructional leadership task of informal walk-throughs and providing feedback to teachers, which may ultimately improve teachers' classroom instruction and student achievement.
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Baker, Jane Ellen. "Teacher talk, teaching philosophy, and effective literacy instruction in primary-grade classrooms : a dissertation presented to the faculty of the Graduate School, Tennessee Technological University /." Click to access online version, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=85&did=1400963541&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=6&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1255441787&clientId=28564.
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Mohammed, Feruz. "Effects of a tailored incredible years teacher classroom management programme on ADHD symptoms and literacy performance of school children with ADHD in Addis Ababa." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Health Sciences, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9829.
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a persistent pattern of behaviours characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. This study evaluates the effects of a tailored Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management (IYTCM) programme aimed to improve participating children’s on-task behaviour and literacy performance, as well as reducing ADHD symptoms in a group of 6 to 10 year old children with ADHD in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Nine children, who were identified with ADHD symptoms on the basis of teacher and parental reports, were involved in the IYTCM-ADHD programme. The children’s behaviour symptoms were assessed using the Conners 3-T, Conners 3-P(S), SESBI-I, ECBI and SDQ. Ten teachers received the IYTCM-ADHD training in a full-day session once a week for 6 weeks. The children received individual behaviour plans implemented by their teachers with close supervision. A single-subject design was implemented to record the behaviour changes over time: at baseline, during teacher training with the IYTCM-ADHD programme, and at both immediate and long-term follow-ups. The on-task behaviour of children with ADHD and normative comparison children was recorded using Behavioural Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS). In addition to visual analysis, a non-parametric test Percentage of All Non-Overlapping Data (PAND) was used to examine the magnitude of effect in each child. The result of the study indicated that on-task behaviour of all the children with ADHD improved an average of 78% during the teacher training and this maintained during the follow-up phases. The children’s on-task behaviour also generalised to classrooms with non-trained teachers. Visual analysis indicated that the children’s behaviour was maintained during the follow-up phases. The pre- and post-intervention analyses of children with ADHD showed a significant effect of the intervention as a group. Clinical significance was obtained for more than half of the children on teacher reports of ADHD symptoms and conduct problems after the intervention. The literacy performance of all children with ADHD improved at the conclusion of the study. In light of the findings, limitations and implications for future research were discussed.
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Nguyen, Dung Thi Thuy. "Vietnamese Teachers’ Perspectives Regarding Task-based Approach to Vocabulary Instruction in Secondary School English as a Foreign Language Classrooms." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3664.
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Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) is considered innovative in foreign language teaching. However, the body of research on TBLT employment in vocabulary instruction is still modest. This study explored teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding vocabulary instruction using TBLT. This study examined such application among Vietnamese high-school EFL teachers (N = 60) using a mixed methods research design. Data were collected using online questionnaires.
Data analysis showed that 53.6% of the participating teachers associated vocabulary instruction with TBLT. However, regardless of their years as instructors, they still found it challenging to implement TBLT vocabulary instruction due to numerous factors. In fact, 66.2% of the participating teachers acknowledged a variety of constraints in applying TBLT, among which, exam-oriented curricula were reported as the biggest impediment.
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Ma, Siu-wai Kitty, and 馬小慧. "Increasing on-task behaviour in preschool children in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31959702.
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Hunter, William C. "Examining the Effects of NHT on Quiz Results and On-Task Behavior with Students Identified with Emotional Behavioral Disabilities." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1305895976.
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Sweeney, Denise Mary. "How university teachers and students use educational technology in university classroom contexts to optimise learning : a study of purposes, principles, processes and perspectives." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/40871.
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There is an expectation that university teachers have a good understanding of the value of educational technologies in learning and teaching as well as be able to incorporate them effectively into their teaching (Carter et al, 2011, Higher Education Academy, 2011; Sharples et al, 2016). However, according to key literature (Conole, 2004; Kennedy et al, 2011; Laurillard, 2007; Selwyn, 2007; Walker et al, 2016) the extent to which educational technologies have impacted on teaching and learning practices is considered to be minimal. While universities have invested heavily in educational technologies for teaching purposes, institutional virtual learning environments are predominately being used as a vehicle for information transmission and document repository (Armellini et al, 2012; Walker et al, 2016). The research I report here investigated the thinking and conceptions behind how Bryn, a university teacher, used educational technologies to optimise the quality of his students’ learning. I also report on the thinking and decision making behind how 15 of his students used educational technologies to optimise the quality of their university learning. The analysis of the data collected suggests that there is an evolution occurring in how university teaching staff are thoughtfully integrating educational technology into programmes and satisfying the majority of students with this development. It was also identified that influences of educational technology on student learning are mediated by students’ disposition towards learning and the task and social contexts of their learning. It is recommended that those students who are pioneer users of educational technology and ahead of the university teacher’s curve be incorporated into the planning and evaluating of experiences of learning and teaching in educational technology-mediated classroom contexts and be appointed as learning coaches to those students who are somewhat bewildered and frustrated by educational technology use.
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Leung, King Man. "A case study of teachers' perceptions of the implementation of a task-based approach in the teaching and learning of mathematics in th HK primary classroom." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493019.
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Shapange, Ismael. "An investigation into the types of classroom tasks senior secondary school (grade 11 and 12) mathematics teachers give to their learners : a case study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017356.
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This interpretive case study was undertaken to investigate the nature of classroom tasks that teachers give to their learners and to gain insights into how they choose these tasks. It was carried out at two secondary schools in the Okahao circuit of the Omusati region in Namibia. The schools range from Grade 8 to Grade 12. This study focused mainly on teachers who teach Mathematics at senior secondary phase (Grade 11 and 12). The research participants were of four mathematics teachers – two from each school. The study was designed around two phases. Phase one consisted of video-recording of lessons, and phase two consisted of interviewing the teachers. The main purpose of the study was to ascertain the types and nature of tasks that teachers give to their learners and to gain insights into how they chose these tasks. The research adopted a combination of both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study revealed that the participating teachers provided a near equal amount of lower level cognitive tasks and higher level cognitive tasks. It further revealed several factors that influence teachers when selecting the types of tasks they give to their learners. These factors include curriculum requirements, types of learners and their experiences, and learners’ contexts.
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Ahmed, Areej A. "The Effectiveness of Using Computer-Assisted Instruction for Reading Intervention on Reading Comprehension and On-task Behavior of Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders in a Second Language Classroom." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1427805350.
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