Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Classroom dialogue'
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Reed, Julian. "Promoting collaborative dialogue in the immersion classroom." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25262762.
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Moffitt, Gordon L. "Dialogue journals in the science classroom, a case study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0025/MQ62138.pdf.
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Hillman, Barbara E. "Dialogue journals in the science classroom, a case study." Thesis, University of New Brunswick, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1882/746.
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Walker, Anthony William. "Language Diversity and Classroom Dialogue : Negotiation of Meaning by Students in an Internationalised Postgraduate Classroom." Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367748.
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One aspect of internationalisation of Australian higher education that has been problematic is the experiences of non-English speaking background (NESB) international students as participants in English-language medium classroom interactions. This study investigated ways nine NESB and nine English speaking background (ESB) postgraduate coursework students negotiated meanings in a tutorial-style classroom over one semester through collection and analysis of classroom data. Working within sociocultural conceptions of discourse, discursive practices, and learning as dialogic (Bakhtin, 1986; Linell, 1998), the initial analysis was conducted at clause level using the Systemic Functional Grammar (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004; Martin, 1992) model. More specifically, the analysis focussed on the social function of language, negotiation of exchanges of meanings in and through dialogue realised in the semantics, lexicogrammar, and phonology of the system of interpersonal meaning.
The semantic system of SPEECH FUNCTION was used to produce four data subsets based on discursive relationships in which students participated in exchanges of information and goods/services through (i) adoption of the speech roles of giving or demanding, or (ii) accepted the speech roles of receiving or giving on demand. Each data subset was then subjected to a more delicate analysis of students’ language choices at the clause level within the systems of interpersonal meanings. The data subsets were analysed also to identify primary/secondary knowers/actors in interactions (Martin, 1992) and the roles of participants as speakers and addressees in the co-construction and negotiation of the discursive text (Linell, 1998).
Analysis revealed significant findings of variation in participation in classroom interaction in the context of diversity in language background. In the four discursive relationships, analysis at clause and text levels found significant variation in participation of students of NESB and ESB in construction of the discursive text in both quanta of participation as speakers and addressees and in the language choices of their contributions. Despite evidence of individual difference, it was concluded that what emerged from incongruence between the discursive resources and repertoires of NESB and ESB students was constitution of a discursive space for student participation, and the engendering of students’ identities, occupied primarily by the practices of ESB students. Although NESB students were successful in taking up offers of discursive space as direct addressees, student participation in negotiation of the co-construction of the discursive text was undertaken increasingly by students who independently adopted roles to establish discursively active identities in the emergent discourse community. Participation by NESB students was additionally constrained by language choices that relied heavily on polarity and made little use of the resources of modality to position speakers and their audience in relation to propositions under negotiation. In addition, discursive positioning by students as primary knowers, realised in adoption of the role of giving information more frequently than that of demanding, was an insight into the discursive relationships that operate in postgraduate classrooms and the nature of learning in and through negotiation of authoritative dialogical discourse.
From a dialogic sociocultural perspective, the quantitatively and qualitatively distinct discursive contributions and experiences of students in the class have implications for opportunities for classroom learning at both the individual and class level. Findings are used to argue that silence is a legitimate discursive role in polyadic classroom dialogue and that the privileging of talk in learning that has ensued from constructivist theory ignores the complexities of the dialogic relations of listeners with the spoken word. It is suggested that the emergence of a dialogical authoritative discourse in and through negotiation of discursive texts in classrooms offers new ways of meaning to all participants, not only those who are discursively active in negotiation. These conclusions offer some insights for teachers working in internationalised classrooms, and classrooms in general.
The findings underline also the value to approaches to learning of language for academic purposes and testing of language for university entry of conceptions of language as repertoires of discursive practices. A number of issues related to the study of spoken interaction in internationalised university classroom and to the discursive practices of NESB international students studying in Australian university classrooms are identified as worthy of further investigation.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Education and Professional Studies
Arts, Education and Law
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Georgii, Glorianne. "Dialogue and participation : A study on communication in the classroom." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Teacher Education (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-5664.
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School is a preparation for pupils’ active participation in society. According to the school curriculum (Lpf 94) every pupil should be able to influence, take responsibility and participate in the schools educational programme. In order to do this there has to be a good communication between the teachers and pupils in the classroom. (Maltén 1995:210)
The aim of this observational study was to describe and analyze communication between the teacher and pupils in the classroom. The study was conducted by observing five teachers and twenty two pupils in one class, in the classroom.
The results suggest that even though there was enough pupil participation in active learning, there was not enough pupil participation in the planning of the lessons.
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Maurer, A. Caroline. "Peer dialogue at literacy centers in one first-grade classroom." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211984125.
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Dobson, Warwick. "Truth in dialogue : a knowledge-centred approach to drama in education." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321344.
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Orr, Karen Collette. "Games-based learning environments in the classroom : attitudes, dialogue and thinking." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557887.
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This thesis addresses two key research questions surrounding games-based learning (GBL). In Part One, three attitude studies are reported. Using confirmatory factor analysis, Study 1 disconfirmed the factor structure of an existing scale (Bonanno & Kommers, 2008). Studies 2 and 3 developed new scales for measuring pupils' ('Pupil attitudes to GBL' scale i.e., PA2GBL) and teachers' attitudes towards GBL . ('Teacher attitudes to GBL' scale, i.e., TA2GBL) in general. Exploratory factor analysis across both studies revealed three similar sub-scales measuring: learning benefits of GBL, perceived self-efficacy, and boastfulness! confidence (pupils) and confidence with IT use (teachers). Factors affecting attitudes were examined. The key finding was the importance of gaming experience on GBL attitudes. Both GBL and spare time gaming experience were important factors for the pupils, but for teachers, GBL experience was more important. In all instances, those with more experience were more positive. In Part Two, three pairs of pupils were observed over three time points interacting with a game designed specifically for the Northern Ireland curriculum, focussed on the topic of Citizenship. A coding framework was created to code their behaviour and dialogue. Different patterns of how the pairs moved through the games were identified as 'systematic', 'tentative yet improving', and 'off-track with guided improvement'. The results demonstrated how greater experience with the games increased higher order dialogue and collaboration, but procedural dialogue did not always decrease. All pairs experienced some confusion with the game; therefore, the importance of teacher support is recognised. The implications from the thesis point to: (1) the importance of gaming! GBL experience for improving attitudes towards GBL and for encouraging collaboration and higher order thinking whilst using GBL; and (2) the importance of pedagogic considerations, namely, the vital scaffolding/guiding role of the teacher in a GBL classroom to ensure educational benefits are realised.
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Foster, Meghan E. "Blogging in the Writing Classroom: A move Toward Dialogue, Design, and Citizenship." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/754.
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A bridge connecting student's new multi-modal abilities and schooling can be built. Students choose between school and other activities outside of the classroom walls (and sometimes even inside the classroom) and schoolwork seems to be losing ground in the battle of spare time more and more. Students could benefit from an electronic space that incorporates their media know-how, their studies, and others in the classroom. Blogs, or weblogs, provide just that type of space by relying on the user's insightful writing and creativity to retain a dynamic position in the Internet blogging community. Blogs have the ability to better the writing classroom by providing an educational forum for dialogue, spatial creativity, and social awareness.
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Biln, Taigita Michaella. "The classroom and the polis : political action, dialogue and the project of pedagogy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23739.
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This study explores students’ experiences in a dialogue-based program and what these experiences reveal about the possibility of creating dialogic classroom spaces that engage the political and support the emergence of students as political actors. The case study was a semester-long, undergraduate program in a comprehensive university in western Canada. The theme for dialogue was “Indigeneity in Canada: Past, Present, and Future.”
In a qualitative case study, I observed classroom interactions, wrote field notes and interviewed students and instructors over the course of thirteen weeks. Working hermeneutically, I interpreted the data by placing it in conversation with the political theory of Hannah Arendt.
The students’ experiences revealed the dialogue-based classroom as a pseudo-public space repeatedly under threat from the larger social pressures of conformity, utilitarian thinking and emotional self-interest. The students’ experiences in the program tell a story marked by profound struggles for political voice, authentic relations, and a sense of equality. Confounding students struggle to appear in the dialogue was the potentially volatile psychological dimension of learning. The inherent unpredictability of the classroom as a public space cast the teacher, not as ring-leader or director, but as one who attempted to hold open the spaces so that the students could continually return, willing to take the risk that speech and action are in the public realm.
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Matic, Jennifer. "Exploring the relationship between classroom dialogue and individual generative creativity : a case study." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.681052.
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The ability to be creative is increasingly considered to be an important objective in preparing university graduates for their future roles as citizens and employees. Both participation in dialogue and interacting with others from different cultures have been found to increase creative capability. This study focused on the multicultural student-to-student dialogue which took place in one graduate level course. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of graduate students in this dialogue, as well as how this participation might influence these students’ generation of creative ideas for their final papers. An analysis of the data highlighted that the main benefits of participating in the student-to-student dialogue were enhanced learning, social connection, a more pleasant learning experience, and the freedom to express oneself and also to challenge others. The most significant challenge to the student-to-student dialogue was a low level of participation by some non-native speakers. Although non-native speakers generally found participation in the student-to-student dialogue to be more challenging, this was not true of all students. Some non-native speakers were able to break through “the barrier of shame”, a term used by one student, and to play an active part in the dialogue. No connection was found between the amount of participation in the multicultural student-to-student dialogue and the generation of creative ideas for their final papers; however, it is possible that this is due to the need to distinguish between participation, defined as the amount of talking by the speaker, and engagement in the dialogue, defined as actively following and considering the dialogue.
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Du, Preez Petro. "Dialogue as facilitation strategy : infusing the classroom with a culture of human rights." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19516.
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Thesis(PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this dissertation the proposals made by the Department of Education towards the infusion of a culture of human rights and using dialogue as a facilitation strategy are problematised. It is argued that the lack of professional development programmes to assist educators in dealing with these proposals is one of the reasons why the infusion of a culture of human rights and dialogue as a facilitation strategy have not transpired as desired. Another apparent reason for the non-realisation of these ideals is that the classroom is not generally seen as an ethical community that has the propensity to anthropomorphise the ideal of infusing a culture of human rights through dialogue. The main focus of this enquiry was therefore to propose a normative theory of dialogue as a facilitation strategy as constitutive to the infusion of a culture of human rights in the context of an ethical community, aiming towards applying this theory in the form of an intervention research programme for selected in-service educators in the Mafikeng/Mmabatho area. The application assisted in determining the viability of the programme, specifically in terms of its theoretical underpinning, and the possibility of further developing it for the purpose of professional development of in-service educators beyond the scope of this target group. The theoretical underpinning of the intervention research programme consisted of a normative theory of dialogue as facilitation strategy characterised by: providing a dialogic stimulus, allowing for moments of deconstruction, critique and reconstruction, and finishing with debriefing and reflection. With regard to the human rights components, the focus was more on the infusion of a culture of human rights on a moral level than on an epistemological level. The intervention research process revealed how diverse groups of educator-participants responded to the intervention research programme. In addition, the research process demonstrated how and why the intervention research process could serve as a possible methodological framework for the design and development of professional development that is inclusive to a variety of education stakeholders. From this study it seems that the participating educators approved of and assimilated the intervention research programme and its underlying theory, albeit in different stages of the research process and with different concerns in mind. The work presented in this dissertation contributes firstly to a refined understanding of dialogue as a facilitation strategy in the South African context and secondly to an understanding of the frequently used notion of infusing the classroom with a culture of human rights in terms of its moral significance. Finally, it also focuses on and addresses the challenge of educator development and the organisation of facilitation strategies that are required to prevent human rights from being assimilated in inept educational paradigms.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif poog om die voorstelle van die Departement van Onderwys rakende die infusie van ʼn kultuur van menseregte in die klaskamer en die gebruik van dialoog as fasiliteringstrategie te bevraagteken. Daar is geargumenteer dat die tekort aan professionele ontwikkelingsprogramme ter ondersteuning van onderwysers om hierdie voorstelle te implementeer een van die redes is waarom die infusie van ʼn kultuur van menseregte in die klaskamer en die gebruik van dialoog as fasiliteringstrategie nie tot sy reg kom nie. Die feit dat die klaskamer meestal nie gesien word as ʼn etiese gemeenskap wat oor die potensiaal beskik om die ideaal van die infusie van ʼn kultuur van menseregte in die klaskamer en die gebruik van dialoog as fasiliteringstrategie te verwesenlik nie, is nog ’n rede waarom hierdie voorstelle oënskynlik geen effek het nie. Die hooffokus van hierdie ondersoek was dus om ʼn normatiewe teorie ter ondersteuning van dialoog as fasiliteringstrategie wat bevorderlik is vir die infusie van ʼn kultuur van menseregte in die konteks van ’n etiese gemeenskap te ontwikkel. Hierdie teorie is toegepas in die konteks van ’n intervensie-navorsingsprogram vir geselekteerde indiens-onderwysers in die Mafikeng/ Mmabatho-omgewing. Die toepassing het gehelp om vas te stel wat die praktiese waarde van die program is, veral ten opsigte van die program se teoretiese onderbou. Die moontlikheid om die program verder te ontwikkel as ’n professionele ontwikkelingsprogram vir indiens-onderwysers buite die bereik van die studie, is sodoende ook ondersoek. Die teoretiese onderbou van die intervensie-navorsingsprogram het bestaan uit ʼn normatiewe teorie van dialoog as fasiliteringstrategie wat gekenmerk word deur ’n dialogiese stimulus, wat ruimte laat vir oomblikke soos dekonstruksie, kritiek en rekonstruksie, asook vir ontlonting en refleksie. Met betrekking tot die menseregtekomponent, was die fokus meer op die morele infusie van ʼn menseregtekultuur as op die epistemologiese infusie daarvan. Die intervensie-navorsingsproses het openbaar hoe diverse onderwyser-deelnemers op die intervensie-navorsingsprogram reageer. Die navorsingsproses het ook gewys hoe en waarom intervensie-navorsingsprosesse kan dien as ʼn moontlike metodologiese raamwerk vir die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van professionele ontwikkelingsprogramme wat ʼn verskeidenheid van onderwysbelanghebbendes in ag neem. Van die resultate kon daar afgelei word dat die deelnemende onderwysers die intervensie-navorsingsprogram en onderliggende teorie goedgekeur en geassimileer het. Dit was egter duidelik dat elke groep deelnemers die program verskillend geassimileer het en dat hul verskillende probleemareas ervaar het. Die werk wat in hierdie proefskrif weergegee word het eerstens ʼn bydrae gemaak tot die begrip van dialoog as fasiliteringstrategie in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks, en tweedens tot die verstaan van die idee rakende die infusie van ’n menseregtekultuur in die klaskamer waarna telkens verwys word. Laastens het dit ook gefokus op die uitdaging van onderwyserontwikkeling en die organisering van fasiliteringstrategieë wat benodig word om te verhoed dat menseregte geassimileer word in paradigmas wat onvanpas is vir die onderwys.
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Howell, Steven J. "Implications of Classroom Writing Instruction Emphasizing Imagination, Creativity, and Dialogue: A Case Study." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1301496875.
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Egendoerfer, Lisa. "CHALLENGING A TRADITIONAL SOCIAL NORM IN A SECOND GRADE MATHEMATICS CLASSROOM." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2688.
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In an attempt to examine classroom dialogue within a second grade classroom, I encouraged students to participate in mathematics discussions without needing to raise their hands before speaking. I challenged this traditional social norm and established sociomathematical norms as the study progressed. My study showed the effects of this change on the dialogue of students in my classroom. Focus was placed on the participation in classroom discussions when traditional social and sociomathematical norms were in place as well as when new norms were established. The study helped determine the effects of student-centered dialogue on conceptual understanding as demonstrated in the students' discussions, participation, and written expression.M.Ed.;
Department of Teaching and Learning Principles
Education
K-8 Mathematics and Science Education
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Yngvesson, Tom, and Maria Levander. "Diversity and inclusion in the game development classroom : Creating a Game to Initiate Dialogue." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18716.
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This study examines the possibility of creating a roleplaying game as a tool for starting conversation about diversity and inclusion in games, specifically for the Game Development programs at the University of Skövde. First it is examined why it is needed, how other games have been used for educational purposes, what to think about when creating spaces of dialogue, and what it is like to teach the topics in game education. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the testing of the game was limited. The project uses three different ways of evaluation; interviews with faculty members at the University, feedback on a design document and an online playtest. The results suggest that the game could potentially be used to gamify some aspects of dialogue about diversity and inclusion within the curriculums of the Game Development programs at the University of Skövde, as a compliment alongside pre-existing lectures and seminars.
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Oakley, Jennifer L. "Understanding emotional climate : interaction rituals and cogenerative dialogue in a beginning science teacher's classroom." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/102493/1/Jennifer_Oakley_Thesis.pdf.
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This doctoral study contributes to the growing body of research about classroom emotional climate. This study demonstrated that unsuccessful classroom interactions involving disruptive students perpetuated a cycle of non-membership in the classroom and further unsuccessful interactions. This cycle led to negative emotional energy and negative perceptions of classroom emotional climate for these students. However, introducing ongoing cogenerative dialogue where students experienced successful interactions with the classroom teacher, provided impetus for these students to transfer their membership of cogenerative dialogue into the classroom setting. This created a cycle of positive interactions, reaffirming their membership of the classroom group.
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Song, Yu. "An investigation of the relationships between thinking style, participation in classroom dialogue and learning outcomes : a study based in mainland China." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270630.
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The study reported in this dissertation investigated the relationships between thinking style, participation in classroom dialogue and learning outcomes. Classroom dialogue is a commonly used method for teaching and learning, and ways/strategies of taking advantage of classroom dialogue to optimise learning need to be specified. The study addresses this issue. Talking has traditionally been viewed as the main way of participation in classroom dialogue, and there is evidence for its learning benefit. However, silent participants have largely been overlooked and little is known about the function of listening with regard to learning. There is arguably a need to investigate the effects of both talking and listening on learning outcome. At an individual level, talking and listening do not serve all students equally well and individual characteristics should be considered when studying how students benefit from diverse participation behaviours. Thinking style, one aspect of individuality, is rarely related to participation in classroom dialogue nor has the corresponding learning outcomes been investigated previously: this will be addressed in the study. The study focuses particularly on high school students in mainland China, a group of people about whom there is relatively little material. A mixed-method research design was adopted, with the quantitative approach dominating. The Thinking Style Inventory - Revised II (Sternberg, Wagner & Zhang, 2007) was used to measure thinking styles. Talking and listening were considered as two forms of participation in classroom dialogue, with systematic observation being employed to collect data on talk and a newly designed questionnaire used to measure listening. Learning outcomes were illustrated through academic achievement and cognitive ability, with the former being measured by final-examination scores and the latter by the Sternberg Triarchic Ability Test (Sternberg, 1993). A series of statistical analyses were conducted and the results can be summarized as follows. Both talking and listening in classroom dialogue were found to be likely to facilitate academic achievement. Thinking style was significantly associated with participation in classroom dialogue. No relationship was found between thinking style and learning outcomes. Students’ thinking styles affected how they benefited from talking and listening, especially in mathematics. This study provides new perspectives on making use of classroom dialogue at both classroom and individual levels.
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Hughes-Tafen, Denise C. "Throwing Black women's voices from the Global South into an Appalachian classroom." Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1125437397.
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Scott, Margaret Anne. "The Role of Dialogue and Inquiry in District Implementation of Classroom Walkthroughs at Four Elementary Schools." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/242372.
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Classroom walkthroughs as a means of providing data for inquiry between principals and teachers and between teachers show promise for improving classroom instruction. Using data collected from classroom walkthroughs and through the development of a community of practice where administrators and teachers utilize dialogue and inquiry around these data collected, educators can design and improve instruction. Inquiry, involving both dialogue and reflection, is key to the effective use of these data. A case study of one elementary school embedded in a suburban district is used to investigate this district's implementation of the classroom walkthrough process to inquire through reflection and dialogue. Interviews with a district administrator and all four elementary principals in the district led to the identification of one elementary school with the highest level of implementation. In the third year of the initiative, intensive interviews with the four elementary principals and six teachers were conducted to gain understanding of the scope of the initiative, to determine the process by which the district administrator and school principals supported and implemented classroom walkthroughs, to understand how the principals used the walkthrough data, and to identify how the data informed dialogue and inquiry with teachers. Although the district administrators spent a great deal of attention to the process of collecting data, the initiative seemed to stall at this point. Little evidence of dialogue and inquiry about the classroom walkthrough data was found at the study school. Possible explanations for the stagnated implementation process include: a lack of movement from a focus on the collection of data for documenting the use of teaching strategies to dialogue and inquiry about the data in order to change instruction; an inconsistent purpose and vision for the initiative and communication of that vision; educational policy interference; and lack of agreement on the number of walkthroughs needed prior to engaging in dialogue and inquiry about the data.
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Dashwood, Ann, and n/a. "Third Turn as a Teachable Moment in Foreign Language Pedagogy." Griffith University. School of Cognition, Language and Special Education, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060810.092724.
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Talk is the vehicle of exchange in language classrooms when communicative competence is being developed. Turns of talk then facilitate the meaning-making process as students and teachers collaboratively come to understand the discourse of knowledge they are co-constructing. During the pivotal third turn in the essential teaching exchange, there is potential for teachers to realise productive pedagogies as they facilitate their students' organisational and pragmatic skills in the foreign language. This study brings a lens to Initiation-Response-Evaluation (IRE) triadic dialogue, which has been criticised for its monological overuse and limitation of students' language production. Analysis of the third turn shows the uptake to be an implicit move in the exchange. Teachers appear not to be aware of the potential benefit it offers them for co-constructed language use at that point in teacher-student interactions. Teachers draw on students' background knowledge and experiential learning in the four domains of productive pedagogies (intellectual quality, supportive classroom environment, recognition of difference and connectedness) when they engage them through an authentic use of language. For this study, potential for productive pedagogy was investigated in the classroom talk of two teachers of Japanese at year 10 level. In a case study, six transcribed and translated lessons were subjected to conversational and membership categorisation analyses using Bachman's (1990) communicative language ability framework to describe language production around the third turn and to hypothesise its effectiveness in providing opportunities for students to generate output in the target language.
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Dashwood, Ann. "Third Turn as a Teachable Moment in Foreign Language Pedagogy." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366529.
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Talk is the vehicle of exchange in language classrooms when communicative competence is being developed. Turns of talk then facilitate the meaning-making process as students and teachers collaboratively come to understand the discourse of knowledge they are co-constructing. During the pivotal third turn in the essential teaching exchange, there is potential for teachers to realise productive pedagogies as they facilitate their students' organisational and pragmatic skills in the foreign language. This study brings a lens to Initiation-Response-Evaluation (IRE) triadic dialogue, which has been criticised for its monological overuse and limitation of students' language production. Analysis of the third turn shows the uptake to be an implicit move in the exchange. Teachers appear not to be aware of the potential benefit it offers them for co-constructed language use at that point in teacher-student interactions. Teachers draw on students' background knowledge and experiential learning in the four domains of productive pedagogies (intellectual quality, supportive classroom environment, recognition of difference and connectedness) when they engage them through an authentic use of language. For this study, potential for productive pedagogy was investigated in the classroom talk of two teachers of Japanese at year 10 level. In a case study, six transcribed and translated lessons were subjected to conversational and membership categorisation analyses using Bachman's (1990) communicative language ability framework to describe language production around the third turn and to hypothesise its effectiveness in providing opportunities for students to generate output in the target language.Thesis (Professional Doctorate)
Doctor of Education (EdD)
School of Cognition, Language and Special Education
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Lundin, Mia. ""Två hjärnor tillsammans ger mer kunskap än en!" : En kvalitativ studie utifrån fyra lågstadielärares tankar och erfarenheter gällande den muntliga kommunikationen i klassrummet." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-27652.
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This study focuses on oral communication in the classroom involving discussion and dialogue amongst pupils, but also between teacher and pupil. The overall aim is to study the choices regarding the group composition and working methods that might occur in four individual teachers’ lessons plans with the intention of increasing the pupils’ knowledge through oral communication. The main focus is to explore what the teachers think of the choices they make and how they believe these changes affect the pupils. It is also focused on how the teachers perceive their pupils’ learning is improved by oral communication and how they incorporate all pupils, especially the pupils who rarely participate in classroom activity. The methods used are qualitative studies using interviews and observations. The material consists of interview recordings and notes. The concept of dialogue is consistent in the study and focuses on the importance of dialogue amongst pupils to deepen their knowledge and understanding of the subject matter. The sociocultural perspective of learning and development is used to analyze the empirical material. The results show that oral communication makes more pupils participate in the classroom activities, it especially improves the shy and quiet pupils. Oral communication also affects and develops learning and knowledge in other subjects. This study emphasizes the importance of having a good classroom climate where all students feel noticed, calm and safe, to make dialogue and discussions work in the classroom.
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Dodson, Melissa M. "Dialogue and interaction in computer-mediated communication : how undergraduate students socially construct knowledge through classroom discourse /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Hed, Frida. "Socrates and Rossetti : An analysis of Goblin Market and its use in the classroom." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Education, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1450.
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ABSTRACT
This essay concerns Christina Rossetti’s poem Goblin Market and its use in a Swedish upper secondary classroom. The purpose of this essay was to analyse the poem through a Marxist perspective and investigate how both the analysis of the poem and the poem itself could be used when teaching English to an upper secondary class.
This was done in two stages; firstly by analysing the Victorian society’s effect on Rossetti’s poem through a Marxist criticism perspective and secondly by using a specific pedagogic method called the Socratic Dialogue method when analysing the use of the analysis and the poem in the classroom.
When analysing the poem and how it has been affected by its contemporary society, it becomes clear that the poem provides a critique in several ways towards consumerism and social ideals of Victorian Britain. Concerning the use of the poem and the analysis in the upper secondary English classroom it is evident that the poem and the literary analysis combined provides an interesting view on Victorian Britain for the pupils to discuss while having Socratic seminars.
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Nylin, Therese, and Maria Sjödin. "Kan glasspinnar skapa ett dialogiskt klassrum? : En kvalitativ undersökning om det slumpmässiga urvalet kan skapa dialog i de samhällsorienterade ämnenas klassrum i årskurs 4-6." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41101.
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The Swedish school has the task of allowing all pupils to develop their ability to verbally communicate in the classroom. Through communicating verbally, the pupils will gain confidence in their linguistic ability in the social-science subjects. The purpose of this study is to investigate how a random selection with “ice cream sticks” can help to create a dialogic classroom, and how the participants perceive this type of teaching method, and if there is possible change in communicating verbally. The questions the study will answer are: · How do the teacher's questions and responses to the student responses affect student participation? · To what extent does mutual respect arise from classroom dialogue? · How do pupils and class teachers experience the random selection at the beginning and end of a period of three weeks? · To what extent and in what way has the changed way of teaching contributed to a dialogical classroom in the social-science subjects? This survey includes pupils and teachers from two classes in grade four and five. The qualitative methods used in this survey are observations and interviews. The material has been analyzed using theories about how dialogue is created in the classroom and how the teaching form with “ice cream sticks” can be organized. The result that emerged from this research is that with the help of the teaching style and the teachers' approaches, which is how they ask questions and how they respond to the students, the quantitative student participation has contributed to an increased classroom dialogue.
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Blackmore, Ashley. "If Humour be the Food of Learning, Joke on: Perspectives of Several Italian and Swedish Upper-Secondary School Students on Humour and Dialogic Classroom Interaction." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för lärarutbildning (LUT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-21765.
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Social constructivism, known as Vygotskian theory, has been implicated in improving spoken language skills of upper-secondary school students. This qualitative study aims to investigate the perspectives of students regarding the teachers’ use of humour in ESL lessons both in Italy and Sweden. A secondary aspect of the study was to assess the use of humour in second language acquisition related to language learning and communicative competence based on dialogism and interaction. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants (5 males and 5 females from each of the respective countries). After analysis using phenomenography, results indicate that humorous dialogic instruction and interaction, as well as non-verbal forms of humour such as gesticulation and facial expression, have the possibility to dramatically increase the focus and interest in lesson content which facilitates better communicative understanding of English. Immediacy is perceived to improve feelings of well-being and harmony within the classroom. Humour and openness are considered important and necessary factors in improving motivation and self-belief during oral tasks as facilitated an effective, communicative learning climate. The study also proposes that there are four factors (teacher, student, subject and task) which affect learning processes, and moderation of humour, the fifth factor, acts as a scaffold to assist in stretching students’ knowledge within the ZPD.
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Jarvis, Janet. "Female teachers' religious and cultural identities and gender equality in classroom practice / Janet Jarvis." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9507.
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Given the continuing imbalances and current crisis with regard to gender-based violence in South Africa, the education of learners with regard to gender-based issues has been identified as critical. The South African school curriculum includes the compulsory subject, Life Orientation, which explicitly includes human rights issues such as gender equality. While official education policy documents promote gender equality in accordance with South Africa‟s Constitution and Bill of Rights, the teaching-learning thereof is not adequately articulated in classroom practice. This study seeks to explore this discrepancy.
The study is located within a feminist paradigm, the common aim of which is to challenge gender inequalities in society and contribute to the transformation of the lives of women. Literature was reviewed and provides clarification of the concept of gender equality, and in particular, in the context of education and schooling, and subsequent classroom practices. Sociological theories underpinning the construction of identity, together with a psychological approach, namely the Dialogical Self Theory, complemented by the concept of „identity capital‟, construct the theoretical framework and the lens through which to analyse the data.
In keeping with the feminist research paradigm, narrative inquiry is the preferred research methodology. Methods for data collection include self-administered questionnaires, written narratives and semi-structured, individual, face-to-face interviews. Nine female teachers of Life Orientation, teaching in six different schools, in four provinces in South Africa, voluntarily participated in this study. Employing narrative analysis, the crystallised data are presented in nine individual portraits. Each of these is analysed and discussed according to the concepts of the theoretical sociological and psychological framework.
The data analysis gives insight into the selected teachers‟ understanding of gender equality, the position in general of women in their religious and cultural discourses, and their own positioning in their personal, social and professional domains.
The findings of this study show that the strength of a teacher‟s „identity capital‟ informs her gender identity transformation. Increased extent and strength of „identity capital‟, enabling the articulation of gender identity transformation in every domain of their lives, has the potential of developing teachers‟ classroom practice into classroom praxis. Effective teaching-learning about gender equality has the potential of informing the development of their female and male learners and to be transformative for South African society.
This study contributes to research on teacher identity, the development of their normative professionalism, and teaching-learning in classroom practice. The findings also inform a broader international SANPAD1 research project, (2010 – 2012). Recommendations for further research include issues relating to professional teacher education programmes, focusing on extending and strengthening teachers‟ „identity capital‟ as the core stimulus for the development of teachers‟ normative professionalism.Thesis (PhD (Curriculum Development Innovation and Evaluation))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Pihlgren, Ann S. "Socrates in the Classroom : Rationales and Effects of Philosophizing with Children." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Education, Stockholm University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7392.
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Olamijulo, Christianah. "An investigation into integrating social sites as a teaching and learning practice to create dialogue spaces in the language classroom." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020149.
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This study intends to explore how social media or social networking sites (SNSs) such as Facebook can facilitate communication channels or create dialogue spaces in a language class. Social media is a form of participatory media, which broadly refers to the “collection of communication channels or mediums (primarily online and mobile) through which social networks originate and are sustained” (Flew 2008:109). Although the term social media is often used as a collective term for SNSs or as the core trademark of Web 2.0, Flew (2008:17) also distinguishes social media by calling it a “communications infrastructure” that allows for “participation, interactivity, collaborative learning and social networking”. Flew (2008) identifies various online sites including the online encyclopaedia Wikipedia and the online user-generated video site YouTube as well as various personalised web space sites such as MySpace, Facebook, Friendster and Bebo as participatory media. The study’s data collection was situated at Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) and investigated how social media can be used to facilitate dialogue between a tutor and BKI1120 Communication in English B students in a Higher Education (HE) context using qualitative methodology. This study compared the use of existing and more traditional or conventional classroom communication practices with those of SNSs as a communication channel, while focusing on social media application as a communication tool to create dialogue spaces that support teaching and learning practices. The research also attempted to identify alternative applications of social media for teaching and learning practices to inform researchers in the fields of HE and media. In the first data-collection phase, BKI1120 Communication in English B Public Management students were selected as the sample for the study. Seventeen students participated in the BKI1120 Facebook page created for the purpose of this study. In the second data-collection phase, a taped focus-group interview was conducted with eight BKI1120 Communication in English B students. The interview transcript was then analysed qualitatively for themes. The research findings showed that social media or SNSs such as Facebook can facilitate communication channels or create dialogue spaces in a language class, if it is managed effectively.
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Lemay, David. "The effect of lesson characteristics on dialogue duration in classroom discourse and class content learning outcomes on multiple-choice tests." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95180.
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It has been proposed that forms of dialogue (Keegan, 1993) are differentially related to subject knowledge possessed by the student and the roles that teachers and students play within those dialogues. A reading of the socio-constructivist literature suggests that maximal learning occurs in instructional situations that are authentic, meaningful, and actively involve students in constructing their knowledge (Loyens & Gijbels, 2008). It has been shown (Alexander, Kulikowich, & Schulze, 1994) that interest and prior knowledge interact with subject mastery. Hence, it was hypothesized that different forms of dialogue would have different class content learning outcomes because interest and prior knowledge influence opportunities for elaborative encoding (Bradshaw & Anderson, 1982). This study is based on a thirteen-week educational psychology course for pre-service teachers whose instructional design was grounded on socio-constructivist principles of learning. A mixed-methods exploratory study (Creswell, 2007) included a model of classroom discourse analysis (1998, 2002) to explore the effect of topic characteristics and dialogue forms on dialogue duration and class content learning outcomes. An overall effect for Dialogue Form and an interaction was found between Dialogue Form and Dialogue Duration. A qualitative analysis introduced two new variables, Curriculum Topic, and Dialogue Responsibility. Further quantitative analysis identified significant differences between curriculum topics and dialogue responsibility on class content learning outcomes. These findings suggest that an analysis of individual dialogues alone is insufficient to explain the variability in class content learning outcomes and that any proper account of the complexities of classroom dialogue must also take into account at least two other contextual elements, namely curriculum topic and dialogue responsibility.Il a été proposé que les formes de dialogues (Keegan, 1993) correspondent différentiellement à la connaissance de la matière possédé par l'étudiant, et aux rôles assumés par l'enseignant et les étudiants dans ces dialogues. Une lecture de la littérature socio-constructiviste propose qu'un apprentissage maximal se produit dans des situations d'apprentissage qui sont authentiques, significatives, et qui impliquent activement les étudiants dans la construction de leurs savoirs (Loyens & Gijbels, 2008). Il a été démontré (Alexander, et al., 1994) que l'intérêt et la connaissance antérieure interagissent avec la maîtrise d'une matière. Ainsi, l'hypothèse était que des formes différentes de dialogue produisent des résultats d'apprentissage variables pour la classe (comprise dans son ensemble) parce que l'intérêt et la connaissance antérieure influent sur les occasions pour l'approfondissement de l'encodage (Bradshaw & Anderson, 1982). Cette étude est basée sur un cours d'introduction à la psychologie de l'éducation pour des étudiants en formation professionnelle d'enseignement. Le cours était basé sur des principes socio-constructivistes de l'apprentissage. Cette étude exploratoire et séquentielle de méthodologie mixte (Creswell, 2007) comptait un modèle de l'analyse du discours (1998, 2002) pour explorer les effets du topique et des formes de dialogue sur la durée des dialogues et les résultats d'apprentissage par topique. Un effet multivariable pour les formes de dialogue ainsi qu'une interaction fut identifiés entre les formes de dialogues et la durée des dialogues. L'analyse qualitative introduit deux nouveaux variables, le Topique curriculaire, et la Responsabilité pour le dialogue. La deuxième analyse quantitative identifia des différences significatives entre les topiques curriculaires et la responsabilité pour le dialogue sur les résultats d'apprentissage pour la classe. Ces résultats indiquent qu'une analyse i
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Benus, Matthew J. "The teacher's role in the establishment of whole-class dialogue in a fifth grade science classroom using argument-based inquiry." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2673.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of dialogue that were established and emerged in one experienced fifth-grade science teacher's classroom that used the argument-based inquiry (ABI) and the ways in which these patterns of dialogue and consensus-making were used toward the establishment of a grasp of science practice. Most current studies on ABI agree that it does not come naturally and is only acquired through practice. Additionally, the quality of dialogue is also understood to be an important link in support of student learning. Few studies have examined the ways in which a teacher develops whole-class dialogue over time and the ways in which patterns of dialogue shift over time. The research questions that guided this study were: (1) What were the initial whole-class dialogue patterns established by a fifth-grade science teacher who engaged in ABI? (2) How did the science teacher help to refine whole-class dialogue to support the agreeability of ideas constructed over time?
This eighteen week study that took place in a small city of less than 15,000 in Midwestern United States was grounded in interactive constructivism, and utilized a qualitative design method to identify the ways in which an experienced fifth-grade science teacher developed whole-class dialogue and used consensus-making activities to develop the practice of ABI with his students. The teacher in this study used the Science Writing Heuristic (SWH) approach to ABI with twenty-one students who had no previous experience engaging in ABI. This teacher with 10 of years teaching experience was purposefully selected because he was proficient and experienced in practicing ABI. Multiple sources of data were collected, including classroom video with transcriptions, semi-structured interviews, after lesson conversations, and researcher's field notes. Data analysis used a basic qualitative approach.
The results showed (1) that the teacher principally engaged in three forms of whole-class dialogue with students; talking to, talking with, and thinking through ideas with students. As time went on, the teacher's interactions in whole-class dialogue became increasingly focused on thinking through ideas with students, while at the same time students also dialogued more as each unit progressed. (2) This teacher persistently engaged with students in consensus-making activities during whole-class dialogue.These efforts toward consensus-making over time became part of the students' own as each unit progressed. (3) The classroom did not engage in critique and construction of knowledge necessarily like the community of science but rather used agreeing and disagreeing and explaining why through purposeful dialogic interactions to construct a grasp of science classroom practice.
The findings have informed theory and practice about science argumentation, the practice of whole-class dialogue, and grasp of science practice along four aspects: (1) patterns of dialogue within a unit of instruction and across units of instruction, (2) the teacher's ability to follow and develop students' ideas, (3) the role of early and persistent opportunities to engage novice students in consensus-making, and (4) the meaning of grasp of science practice in classroom. This study provides insight into the importance of prolonged and persistent engagement with ABI in classroom practice.
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Mindedal, Annika. "Texter i NO - finns de? : En studie om textanvändning och textrelaterade samtal i ett fysiktema i skolår 5." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-54727.
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This thesis describes a field study in which one teacher and one class in Grade 5, with special focus on four pupils, are observed throughout four lessons of about 80-minutes in Physics. The lessons together deal with a project on Magnetism. The main aim of the thesis is to investigate how the teacher uses texts as a resource when designing and implementing Science lessons (Learning Design Sequences). A further aim is to study what texts are used and produced by both the teacher and the pupils, and how these texts are used. The four lessons were recorded with a video camera and the recordings supplemented by field notes and interviews. All the texts used were copied or photographed. A design theoretical frame and a sociocultural perspective have been applied to analyse both the presence of texts during different stages (activities) of the lessons, and to analyse the text-related interaction and communication that has taken place in the classroom. The results confirm several previous studies and show that the teacher is the main producer and consumer of texts before and during the Science lessons. Textbooks, and texts on the Internet, are only used by the teacher to design the lessons, and are then mediated by the teacher during classroom interaction. The pupils mainly read questions, which they write brief answers to, and also read and copy texts written by the teacher on the white board. One interesting finding is that dialogue concerning texts increases the scientific content, which means more empirical or theoretical descriptions and explanations. To become scientifically literate it is therefore argued that pupils need more practice reading and writing in combination with dialogue and activities in the science classroom.
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Stinson, Anthony B. "An Autoethnography:A Mathematics Teacher's Journey of Identity Construction and Change." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/43.
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Despite some gains, improving secondary mathematics instruction remains an area of concern of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). Recitation, also known as lecturing, prevails as the practice of choice of mathematics teachers in the United States. However, the report of the NCTM Research Advisory Committee 2000 indicates that the mathematical proficiency of students increases when the practice of choice includes more than recitation. Therefore, changes in instruction in the mathematics classroom should occur to improve student learning. The purpose of this dissertation is to provide a personalized account of one mathematics teacher’s use of reflective teaching as an agent of change. This dissertation is about a journey of change in instruction fostered by a change of identity as a mathematics teacher. This dissertation chronicles the identity construction of the teacher. This study has relevance because the process utilized by the teacher provides a method of self-examination and identity construction for other mathematics classroom teachers who want to improve their practices. This study also has relevance because it describes the process of how a classroom teacher takes ownership of self-improvement. This qualitative dissertation uses autoethnography as the methodology. Autoethnography is research, writing and story where the researcher is the subject and the researcher’s experiences are the data (Ellis and Bochner 2000). The theoretical frame for this autoethnography is identity theory as it relates to teacher identity construction. Memory, videotaped lessons, student commentary and a reflective journal serve as supporting data sources to render narratives detailing the findings. The research question guiding this dissertation is: In what ways does a teacher’s reflection on mathematics practice facilitate teacher identity construction and change of practice? The findings show that a teacher’s identity can be interwoven by many characteristics that at times work simultaneously. The findings also indicate that changing one’s practices is an arduous process but can be accomplished and the process given “voice.”
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Kostina, Marina V. "Exploration of student perceptions of autonomy, student-instructor dialogue and satisfaction in a web-based distance Russian language classroom: a mixed methods study." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1003.
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The purpose of this mixed methods study was to explore the relationship between autonomy, student-instructor dialogue, and student satisfaction within a web-based distance Russian language course. Forty six (46) students from two US higher education institutions participated in this study. Using an Exploratory Model with the elements of an Explanatory Model (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007), the qualitative and quantitative data were collected at the middle and at the end of the course to provide thorough investigation of the three variables, to reveal their interactions with each other, and to discover whether these variables and their relationship change over time. Qualitative data were used to explore the aforementioned constructs, and to enhance the instrument tested in the subsequent quantitative phase. An additional quantitative phase at the end of the course, and follow-up qualitative interviews were provided to discover the changes that occurred in the main variables and in their relationships throughout the course. Content analysis was utilized for the interviews, while reliability (Cronbach alpha) analysis, correlational analysis, t-test, and non-parametric Wilcoxon and sign test were used for the data analysis of the surveys. Findings revealed that autonomy, dialogue, and satisfaction have significant correlation at the beginning and the middle point of the course. All three variables grew throughout the course, however the relationships among them significantly decreased towards the end of the course. The conclusions include suggestions and implications for teachers, students, and course developers.
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Pinney, Brian Robert John. "Characterizing the changes in teaching practice during first semester implementation of an argument-based inquiry approach in a middle school science classroom." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4721.
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The purpose of this study was to characterize ways in which teaching practice in classroom undergoing first semester implementation of an argument-based inquiry approach changes in whole-class discussion. Being that argument is explicitly called for in the Next Generation Science Standards and is currently a rare practice in teaching, many teachers will have to transform their teaching practice for inclusion of this feature. Most studies on Argument-Based Inquiry (ABI) agree that development of argument does not come easily and is only acquired through practice.
Few studies have examined the ways in which teaching practice changes in relation to the big idea or disciplinary core idea (NGSS), the development of dialogue, and/or the development of argument during first semester implementation of an argument-based inquiry approach. To explore these areas, this study posed three primary research questions: (1) How does a teacher in his first semester of Science Writing Heuristic professional development make use of the "big idea"?, (1a) Is the indicated big idea consistent with NGSS core concepts?, (2) How did the dialogue in whole-class discussion change during the first semester of argument-based inquiry professional development?, (3) How did the argument in whole-class discussion change during the first semester of argument-based inquiry professional development?
This semester-long study that took place in a middle school in a rural Midwestern city was grounded in interactive constructivism, and utilized a qualitative design to identify the ways in which the teacher utilized big ideas and how dialogue and argumentative dialogue developed over time. The purposefully selected teacher in this study provided a unique situation where he was in his first semester of professional development using the Science Writing Heuristic Approach to argument-based inquiry with 19 students who had two prior years' experience in ABI. Multiple sources of data were collected, including classroom video with transcripts, teacher interview, researcher field notes, student journals, teacher lesson plans from previous years, and a student questionnaire. Data analysis used a basic qualitative approach.
The results showed (1) only the first time period had a true big idea, while the other two units contained topics, (2) each semester contained a similar use for the given big idea, though its role in the class was reduced after the opening activity, (3) the types of teacher questions shifted toward students explaining their comprehension of ideas and more students were involved in discussing each idea and for more turns of talk than in earlier time periods, (4) understanding science term definitions became more prominent later in the semester, with more stating science terms occurring earlier in the semester, (5) no significant changes were seen to the use of argument or claims and evidence throughout the study.
The findings have informed theory and practice about science argumentation, the practice of whole-class dialogue, and the understanding of practice along four aspects: (1) apparent lack of understanding about big ideas and how to utilize them as the central organizing feature of a unit, (2) independent development of dialogue and argument, (3) apparent lack of understanding about the structure of argument and use of basic terminology with argument and big ideas, (4) challenges of ABI implementation. This study provides insight into the importance of prolonged and persistent professional development with ABI in teaching practice.
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Gustavsson, Lennart. "Language taught and language used : dialogue processes in dyadic lessons of Swedish as a second language compared with non-didactic conversations." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Kommunikation, 1988. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-35339.
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The purpose of the research reported in this monograph has been twofold. First, it aims at contributing to an inquiry of the ways in which language and context are intertwined. Second, it aims at giving a characterization of a specific communicative event, second language teaching. The study starts out from a broad social-theoretical perspective, inspired by language game theory and ethnomethodology, as well as Goffman's (1974) 'frame analysis' and the work of Ragnar Rommetveit (1974, 1987). Levinson's (1979) notion 'activity type' is used in exploring how relevance criteria and frames of interpretation vary with the context of the activity in which language is used. The empirical material for the study consists of eight dyadic lessons of Swedish as a second language in grades 4-6 of the Swedish comprehensive, compulsory school. As material for comparison, the pupils, 10-12 year old boys from the Middle East, also participate in two non-didactic conversations around tasks defined by the research team, one together with his teacher of Swedish, one together with a class-mate of his. The first of the three empirical studies is a qualitative, discursive analysis of salient dialogue processes in language teaching activities. Abrupt shifts and breaks in the dialogue, misunderstandings, and lack of tuning between the conversational parties are interpreted as results of a tension between language at two levels in the language lesson. The dialogue in the language lessons of the corpus is characterized by an ambivalence between two perspectives on language, the ordinary, everyday perspective on language as a means for constructing and conveying messages versus the 'level 2 perspective', where language is seen as anabstract system of decontextualized linguistic items. The two other empirical studies are quantitatively oriented. In the first of these, important differences in dialogue processes, concerning dynamics, coherence and fluency are found between the lessons and the non-didactic conversations, as well as between different activities within the confines of a lesson. One of the most important results is that the teacher's interactional dominance seems to be systematically related to the content of lesson activities. The results of the last study suggest that in lessons, and especially language lessons proper, the pupil is givenfewer opportunities for talking and, also, that he refrains from taking the opportunities actually given to him. The main significance of the research is the demonstration of the dynamic character of linguistic communication and of the way in which linguistic meaning is the product of utterances being embedded in activities on which activity-specific premisses for communication are brought to bear. Also, the second language teaching situation is characterized as connected with particular communicative practices that are imbued with a certain degree of ambivalence and ambiguity.
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Ahmed, Farah. "Pedagogy as dialogue between cultures : exploring halaqah : an Islamic dialogic pedagogy that acts as a vehicle for developing Muslim children's shakhsiyah (personhood, autonomy, identity) in a pluralist society." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/278513.
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This thesis presents an argument for the use of dialogic halaqah to develop the personal autonomy of young Muslims in twenty-first century Britain. It begins by developing a theoretical grounding for Islamic conceptualisations of personal autonomy and dialogic pedagogy. In doing so, it aims to generate dialogue between Islamic and ‘western’ educational traditions, and to clarify the theoretical foundation of halaqah, a traditional Islamic oral pedagogy, that has been adapted to meet the educational needs of Muslim children in contemporary Britain. Dialogic halaqah is daily practice in two independent British Muslim faith-schools, providing a safe space for young Muslims to cumulatively explore challenging issues, in order to facilitate the development of selfhood, hybrid identity and personal autonomy, theorised as shakhsiyah Islamiyah. This thesis examines the relationship between thought, language, and the development of personal autonomy in neo-Ghazalian, Vygotskian and Bakhtinian traditions, and suggests the possibility of understanding shakhsiyah Islamiyah as a dialogical Muslim-self. This theoretical work underpins an empirical study of data generated through dialogic halaqah held with groups of schoolchildren and young people. Using established analytic schemes, data from these sessions are subjected to both thematic and dialogue analyses. Emergent themes relating to autonomy and choice, independent and critical thinking, navigating authority, peer pressure, and choosing to be Muslim are explored. Themes related to halaqah as dialogic pedagogy, whether and how it supports the development of agency, resilience and independent thinking, and teacher and learner roles in halaqah, are examined. Moreover, findings from dialogue analysis, which evaluates the quality of educational dialogue generated within halaqah, that is, participants’ capacity to engage in dialogue with each other, as well as with an imagined secular other, are presented. The quality of the dialogic interactions is evaluated, as is evidence of individual participant’s autonomy in their communicative actions.
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Lindberg, Clara. "Voices on Apartheid - A Minor Field Study on Teaching and Learning in the South African Reconciliation Process." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27979.
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This essay is a MFS case study conducted at a South African high school in 2010. The study examines how students and teachers perceive the meeting with apartheid in a post-apartheid classroom within the framework of History and English. The empirical data consists of observations and interviews with Grade 11 students and teachers in an affluent school environment in Cape Town. The study shows that there are gaps between how the teachers and learners perceive apartheid as relevant and relatable and how a silencing classroom climate limits the space for interaction on the subject matter. From the position of the South African steering documents and a socio-cultural perspective on learning, I discuss the didactical challenges that arise from a gap between the student and teacher perceptions.
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Schindler, Ann-Kathrin [Verfasser], Christina [Akademischer Betreuer] Seidel, and Barbara [Akademischer Betreuer] Drechsel. "A teacher intervention on students‘ higher-order learning in classroom dialogue : How teachers learn and perform, how students engage and perceive / Ann-Kathrin Pehmer. Gutachter: Christina Seidel ; Barbara Drechsel. Betreuer: Christina Seidel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075858224/34.
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Westergren, Cecilia. "”Det är ju lättare sagt än gjort ju…” : En intervjustudie om lärares strategier för att främja matematiska samtal." Thesis, Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-50887.
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Forskning har visat på att etablerandet av en dialogisk klassrumskultur ger rikare lärandetillfällen för eleverna eftersom de får rikare möjlighet att utbyta tankar och uppfattningar. Studien är en kvalitativ intervjustudie av hur lärare, verksamma i förskoleklass samt årskurserna 1–3, arbetar för att skapa dialog i klassrummet. Syftet med intervjuanalysen är att belysa olika strategier lärare använder för att främja en samtalande klassrumskultur. Datan från intervjuerna kodades och analyserades i relation till tidigare forskning. Forskningen som presenteras i studien grundas i den konstruktivistiska traditionen och lägger mycket tyngd på normskapande, specifikt sociomatematiska normer som är knutna till matematiskt lärande. Forskningen, som till stor del består av gedigna forskningsöversikter, lyfter att förmågor som att resonera och argumentera endast utvecklas i en social kontext och att lärares handlingar och strukturering av undervisning därför har stor betydelse. Studiens resultat ger en bild av vilka förväntningar de intervjuade lärarna har på sina elever, det vill säga vilka sociala normer som råder. Dessa är: vara aktivt deltagande, att verbalisera samt interagera. Resultatet visar också på de specifika sociomatematiska normer som att: använda korrekta matematiska termer, använda sig av olika matematiska representationer samt att ge godtagbara matematiska förklaringar. Analysen visar att lärarna använder sig av ett stort spann av strategier för att etablera normer för ett samtalande klassrumsklimat. Exempel på strategier för att främja ett samtalande klassrumsklimat är att etablera fasta samtals-strukturer och svarssituationer som eleverna är införstådda med, positiv förstärkning och respons, att låta eleverna lyckas med sitt aktiva deltagande, modellering och revoicing. Syftet är att skapa mönster och normer för matematisk kommunikation. Genom lärarnas strategiska val av uppgifter främjas deltagande, interaktion och kommunikations-mönster, det vill säga att eleverna får en normativ förståelse för att ”alla ska vara med”, ”hur vi talar om matematik” och ”vad vi ska tala om” i genuint matematiska samtal. Lärarna upplevs ha en ansats att samtalande ska bli utforskande till sin karaktär. När lärare kan se sin undervisning ur ett normperspektiv kan det påverka deras strukturering av matematik-undervisningen mot ett samtalande klassrumsklimat och ett fördjupat deltagande i elevers interaktion. Interaktion mellan elever och lärare bidrar till att eleverna får tillgång till andras matematiska uppfattningar vilket kan berika undervisningen signifikant. Enligt forskning möjliggör sådana strukturer förhandlingar av sociomatematiska normer vilket kan bidra till att utveckla högre kognitiva förmågor hos eleverna. De specifika sociomatematiska normerna som förhandlas fram i den sociala kontexten har potential att med lärarens stöd och hjälp ge elever rikare möjligheter att reflektera över, fördjupa och förfina sina förklaringar.
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Corapi, Susan. "Exploring intercultural understanding through global children's literature and educator study groups." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3635959.
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Engagement with global children's literature is an effective way to introduce multiple perspectives into the classroom dialogue. Yet teachers are often unfamiliar with ways of helping students understand diverse cultural practices and beliefs. The result is that global children's literature continues to be an underused resource.
This action research study looked at 25 highly diverse educator study groups as they used global literature with pre-K - 12 students. The goal was to support the development of intercultural understanding. The study groups received $1,000 grants from Worlds of Words (wowlit.org) to fund their yearlong inquiry. The groups met face-to-face throughout the year to reflect on the interactions taking place in their classrooms. All groups met online on a members-only site. Data collected included proposals, reports, teacher vignettes, and interviews. The data was used to document range of study group structures and interactions with global literature. The study groups and online forum were supported by a grant from the Longview Foundation.
Through constant comparative analysis, new transformative understandings were identified. Key elements in the development of intercultural understanding included open inquiry, recognition of complexity and multiple perspectives, thinking about culture at a conceptual level, and engaging in open dialogue. Teachers reported an increased understanding of their competence as professionals, their student's competence as problem-posers and thinkers, and the parents' competence as important contributors to intercultural understanding.
The study concludes with implications for practitioners wanting to engage in classroom inquiries using global literature to support developing intercultural understanding. A second set of implications suggests ways in which the study group process can be made more effective. New questions are proposed for future research related to the use of global literature in various contexts, including classrooms, online professional development, and libraries.
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Au, Mei-yan Florence, and 歐美恩. "Gender in textbook dialogues: textual analyses and classroom practices." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30399804.
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Halvarson, Britton Thérèse. "Studiebesök i religionskunskapsundervisningen : Elevers tal om islam före, under och efter ett moskébesök." Licentiate thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34495.
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One aim with the Swedish non-confessional religious education is to increase students’ understanding and respect for different ways of thinking and behaving. One opportunity to reflect upon other people's interpretations of life, are field visits. Many teachers and students want to make field visits but few actually do. This thesis explores educational opportunities and challenges generated by field visits as part of religious education. This is a classroom study in an upper secondary school (the students were 17 years old), during the teaching sequence about Islam where one part was a field visit to a mosque. Data were produced by classroom observations and observations from a mosque visit, students’ journal writing’s before and after the visit and student interviews. The students’ utterances about Islam are analysed using Michael Bachtin’s dialogue theory and Robert Jackson’s interpretive approach. The analysis shows that students apply a speech genre, which in this study is denoted genre of politeness. In some cases the genre of politeness affect the students such that they do not dare to ask all questions, in particular questions about Islam and gender. Another result is that students more widely apply a self-reflexive speech genre during and after the mosque visit as compared to before the visit. By self-reflexive speech is meant that the students mirror what they have met in the mosque with their own interpretations of life. The analysis also shows that the several students express critical opinions about Islam both before and after the mosque visit and the teaching sequence. The study explores educational opportunities and challenges generated by the mosque visit. Some of the themes that are discussed in the thesis are: 1) questions about representations of religion, for instance in what way “lived religion” and religion as a “philosophical ideal” can be combined, 2) the students’ different ways of reflection, 3) how do students relate and rely on the faith representative’s utterances, and 4) how students formulate questions to the faith representative.Baksidestext Studiebesök är en metod i religionskunskapsundervisningen som förefaller vara uppskattad av både lärare och elever. Trots det visar det sig att det är relativt få lärare som verkligen gör besök, vilket delvis kan bero på en osäkerhet vad som händer ur ett elevperspektiv i mötet med en ny kontext. Den här studien har undersökt religionsdidaktiska utmaningar och möjligheter som aktualiserats genom ett moskébesök. Empirin utgörs av gymnasielevers yttranden om islam i loggar, elevintervjuer, klassrummet och under ett moskébesök. Analysen visar bland annat att elevernas tal under besöket påverkas av en ”artighetsgenre” som både kan underlätta och försvåra för eleverna. Vidare framkommer det att elever i större utsträckning under och efter besöket speglar det de möter i moskén i sina egna livstolkningar. Analysen visar också hur elever uttrycker att deras inställning till islam påverkas på olika sätt av besöket. Några religionsdidaktiska områden som aktualiserats av besöket och diskuteras är frågor om religioners representation, hur trosrepresentanten ska behandlas som källa samt olika sätt att ställa frågor till representanten.
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Ringbom, Sanna. "Dialogen och lärandet : en kvalitativ studie om hur lärare arbetar med dialogen i sin undervisning." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-5284.
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This report describes a study of how the teachers in Sweden are working with the dialog in their classrooms. The aim was to find out how the teachers are using the dialog in their teaching. And if they think that the dialog has a meaning for the pupils learning, and how they think the pupils learn. Even the difficulties whit the use of dialog in the classrooms and which in the classroom should speak the most was examined. The methods that I used in this qualitative report were interviews and observations of four teachers in the primary school. The research questions in this report were: Which meaning do the teachers think that dialog affects the pupils learning? How does the teachers work whit dialog in their classrooms? Who is leading the dialog in the classroom? Which are the difficulties when working with dialog in the classrooms? I found out that the teachers view on knowledge belonged together with how they worked with the dialog. The teachers that had a more social constructivism view hade more dialog in their classrooms then the other. But all the teachers thought that pupils will learn more if they are using dialog. The teachers disagreed of how much the teacher should talk in the classroom. Some of the teacher meant that they should have the most of the dialog and some that the pupils should have the most dialog, and the teachers job was to support them in this. Even here had the teachers view on knowledge a part in how they think about who should leading the dialog. But all the teachers were working with dialog in their classrooms, and they used the most ordinary methods either the “dialogic classroom” or the “deliberativa talking”. The difficulties that the teachers brought up were the sound volume, the difficulties of knowing who should speak, and how to distribute the word. Also to get the pupils of talking about the relevant things was brought up
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Wolfe, Sylvia Carol. "Teaching and learning through dialogue in primary classrooms in England." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612852.
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Reed-Wright, Karen. "A Paradigm Shift in Professional Development: Weaving Threads of Understandings Through Job-Embedded Coaching for Increased Student Achievement." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1833.
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The intent of this qualitative study was to investigate changes in teacher understandings and student achievement as a result of job-embedded coaching, a professional development model. The study focused on the literacy initiative within 1 school district during a 7-year period from 2001 through 2008. Interviews and classroom observations with principals, literacy coaches, and teacher leaders coupled with rich artifacts and documentation provided data for analysis.
To change from a traditional model of professional development was a cultural shift for schools, administrators, and teachers. "Remember that a culture of change consists of great rapidity and nonlinearity on the one hand and equally great potential for creative breakthrough on the other" (Fullan, 2001, p. 31). The interviews, observations, and documents illustrated evidence of new teacher understandings and a rise in student achievement coupled with enhanced relationships, communications, and teaching strategies.
The paradigm shift from one adult learning mode to another brought about the cultural change within the school district, the schools, and the individual classrooms. The challenge will be sustaining the momentum and continuing to grow as new scientifically-researched best practices and strategies are released for teaching reading and writing.
Recommendations from this study include examining Reading First schools and their job-embedded coaching programs. Reading First is a federal program with money appropriated to states and school systems that qualify with low socioeconomic status and student achievement scores. Further research opportunities are available at middle and high school sites where coaching has been adopted. There are some sites within the United States following the guidelines written for elementary teachers.
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Brady, John E. "Investigating the Role of Intersubjectivity in a Secondary Argumentative Classroom." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1584539458472346.
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O'Boyle, Aisling. "The dialogic construction of knowledge in university classroom talk." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534596.
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Ferreira, Nayane Oliveira. "Leitura dialógica: a experiência da tertúlia literária em sala de aula." Universidade Nove de Julho, 2017. http://bibliotecatede.uninove.br/handle/tede/1604.
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Esta investigación tiene como objeto la práctica de la lectura dialógica en el aula y como objetivo general analizar la experiencia de la tertulia literaria como un espacio para la promoción de la lectura dialógica en clase. Tuvo como objetivos específicos evaluar la práctica de la lectura dialógica durante las clases de lengua portuguesa de un 7º año de la enseñanza fundamental, verificar la posibilidad de trabajo con la literatura clásica a partir de la lectura dialógica y analizar los saberes que son accionados en la realización de esta lectura. Se buscó incluso responder a algunas cuestiones, de entre ellas: ¿qué saberes son accionados para realizar la lectura de los clásicos en la tertulia literaria dialógica? ¿Es posible leer en la escuela? ¿En una clase con alumnos que todavía leen con mucha dificultad, sería la lectura dialógica una posibilidad de lectura? ¿Hay espacio para la lectura de la literatura clásica en clase regular a partir de la lectura dialógica? ¿A los alumnos no les interesa la lectura o la lectura hecha en la escuela nos es capaz de despertarles el interés? El universo de la investigación fue una escuela estadual ubicada en la periferia de la zona sur de São Paulo y sus sujetos fueron 36 alumnos con edades entre doce y quince años. La investigación se analizó a lo largo de los 16 encuentros, en los cuales los alumnos podrían relacionar las obras leídas a sus vidas y prácticas, incluso evaluar lo que estaban viviendo, y como procedimiento de colecta de dados se utilizó la grabación de audios de los encuentros y registros escritos por los propios alumnos. Como referencial teórico se utilizó principalmente Freire (1994, 1996, 2006, 2015), Lerner (2006), Petit (2010, 2013), Manguel (2002), Girotto y Mello (2012), Candido (2004), Machado (2002), Calvino (2007) y Dubet (1994, 2003). Los resultados mostraron transformaciones significativas en los sujetos, una vez que se sintieron más confinantes para hablar y reivindicar sus derechos, principalmente el derecho a una educación de calidad y humanizada.
This research object is the practice of dialogic reading in the classroom and its general aim is to analyze the experience of literary lecture as a space for the promotion of dialogic reading in the classroom. The specific purposes of this study were: to evaluate the practice of dialogical literary discussion during the Portuguese language classes for the 7th grade of elementary school; to verify the possibility of working with the classical literature from the dialogic reading and; to analyze the knowledge that is triggered in the accomplishment of this reading. As part of these purposes, it was also attempted to answer some questions, such as: What kind of knowledge is activated to carry out the reading of the classics in the dialogical literary lecture? Is it possible to read at school? In a classroom where students still read with a large difficulty, would the dialogic reading be a tool for reading? Is there room for reading the classic literature in the usual classroom from the dialogic reading? Aren’t the students interested in reading or does not the fact of reading at school get their interests? The research universe took place in a state school located in the outskirts of the south zone of São Paulo and its subjects were 36 students aged between twelve and fifteen years old. The research was conducted during the 16 meetings, in which the students could relate the works read with their lives and practices, as well as evaluate what they were experiencing, and used as a procedure for data collection the recording audios of the meetings and the written registers by students themselves. This work was based on Freire (1994, 1996, 2006, 2015), Petit (2010, 2013), Manguel (2002), Girotto e Mello (2012), Candido (2004), Machado (2002), Calvino (2007) and Dubet (1994, 2003). The results demonstrated significant transformations in the subjects, since they felt more confident to speak and claim their rights, mainly the right to a quality and more humanized education.
Esta pesquisa tem como objeto a prática da leitura dialógica em sala de aula e como objetivo geral analisar a experiência da tertúlia literária como um espaço para a promoção da leitura dialógica em sala de aula. Teve como objetivos específicos avaliar a prática da tertúlia literária dialógica durante as aulas de língua portuguesa de um 7º ano do ensino fundamental, verificar a possibilidade de trabalho com a literatura clássica a partir da leitura dialógica e analisar os saberes que são acionados na realização desta leitura. Buscou-se também responder a algumas questões, entre elas: Que saberes são acionados para realizar a leitura dos clássicos na tertúlia literária dialógica? É possível ler na escola? Numa sala de aula com alunos que ainda leem com muita dificuldade, seria a leitura dialógica uma possibilidade de leitura? Há espaço para a leitura da literatura clássica na sala de aula regular a partir da leitura dialógica? Os alunos não se interessam pela leitura ou a leitura feita na escola é que não é capaz de despertar-lhes o interesse? O universo da pesquisa foi uma escola estadual localizada na periferia da zona sul de São Paulo e seus sujeitos foram 36 alunos com idades entre doze e quinze anos. A pesquisa foi sendo analisada ao longo dos 16 encontros, nos quais os alunos podiam relacionar as obras lidas com suas vidas e práticas, assim como avaliar o que estavam vivenciando, e utilizou como procedimento para coleta de dados a gravação de áudios dos encontros e registros escritos pelos próprios alunos. Como referencial teórico, utilizou-se principalmente Freire (1994, 1996, 2006, 2015), Lerner (2006), Petit (2010, 2013), Manguel (2002), Girotto e Mello (2012), Candido (2004), Machado (2002), Calvino (2007) e Dubet (1994, 2003). Os resultados mostraram transformações significativas nos sujeitos, uma vez que se sentiram mais confiantes para falar e reivindicar seus direitos, principalmente o direito a uma educação de qualidade e humanizada.
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Hegedus, Katalin. "Dialogue journal writing : meaningful written interaction in language and culturally diverse classrooms." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29929.
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The study of the Back and Forth book of an eleven years old E.S.L. student introduces a type of personal writing which is argued to facilitate meaningful, written communication in the second language.
The present study extends the findings of dialogue journal studies of Staton et al. in two directions.
1. The case study of the Back and Forth book activity presents a "communication triangle" which involves parental participation and thus serves as a bridge between school and home. The reported observations focus on the potentials and limitations of the Back and Forth book task in comparison to other journal writing practices.
2. The analysis of the selected 45 journal entries provides some explanation for the weak realization of the task. The application of Mohan's Knowledge Framework as a means of analyzing student writing provides a c picture of the language and content. The Knowledge framework presents guideline for monitoring the development of language and the development of discourse and content.
The inconsistency of the task justifies the present study: the multi-purpose task of the Back and Forth book produces unsatisfactory writing, the research question is of determining its reason and provide a guideline to monitor the task in order to obtain more satisfactory product.Education, Faculty of
Language and Literacy Education (LLED), Department of
Graduate