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1
Fedotova, Elena. Computer science. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1200564.
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The basic concepts in the field of computer science are given, the main categories of computer hardware and software, the principles of building the architecture of computer systems are described. The structural organization of data and the basics of algorithmization, types of software, classification of information technologies and systems, modern document management and office management automation systems, the basics of building artificial intelligence systems, geoinformation systems, virtual reality systems, as well as the basics of information security are considered.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of higher technical educational institutions studying the discipline "Computer Science", for teachers and specialists working in this field, as well as for those who study this subject area independently.
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Cvetkov, Viktor. Basics of complexity theory. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2110856.
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The monograph reveals the basics of complexity theory and methods for assessing complexity. The concept of complexity consideration is based on the analysis of complexity as a common attribute in processes and systems. The monograph describes the main methods for assessing different types of complexity. The concept of considering complexity in this monograph is also based on the fact that complexity is a comparative characteristic. It is given on a relative scale of difficulty. Therefore, complexity must be defined on a relative scale of “simplicity-complexity.” This concept motivates the consideration and analysis of the concept of “simplicity” as a complement to the concept of “complexity”. These concepts set the scale of complexity. The monograph provides a comparative analysis of the related concepts of simplicity and complexity. Three methods for assessing complexity are described: expert assessment of complexity, assessment of complexity using mathematical metrics, comparative assessment of complexity based on the theory of comparative analysis. The monograph contains a taxonomy of the main types of complexity. The content of the main types of complexity is revealed in detail: descriptive complexity, system complexity, modeling complexity, computational complexity. algorithmic complexity, deterministic complexity. Specific cognitive difficulties are described in detail. For cognitive complexity, special assessment methods are used. An interpretation of the concept of cognitive filter is given. Complexity is associated with the concept of complex systems. In most monographs on complex systems, the complexity aspect has not been considered or is viewed in a simplified manner. This monograph examines complexity as a characteristic of complex systems and the basis for their classification. Emergence is described as a characteristic of the complexity of systems and complex processes. The monograph contains a taxonomy of complex systems with characteristics of the complexity of different systems. Complex data systems have been explored. An analysis of organizational complex systems is given. Various types of complex ergatic systems have been described. An analysis of complex technical systems is given. Self-developing complex systems are described. autopoiesis of a complex organizational and technical system has been studied as a principle of systems development. Cyber-physical systems are described as an example of the development of complex systems. The monograph is intended for specialists in the field of computer science, systems analysis, artificial intelligence and philosophy of information.
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Shul'gina, Ol'ga, Aleksandr El'chaninov, and Valentina Dmitrieva. Cartography with the basics of topography. Dictionary-reference. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1842521.
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The dictionary-reference book presents the basic concepts and terms of cartography and topography, generally accepted classifications, methodological approaches to the definition and calculation of various indicators on maps, methods of cartographic images, brief information about surveying and geodetic instruments, information about outstanding cartographers. Some new concepts characterizing the development of cartography at the beginning of the XXI century are also included.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended as an additional textbook for students of pedagogical universities and colleges studying geographical and cartographic profiles, and can also be useful for geography teachers and high school students.
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Ageshkina, Nataliya. Fundamentals of the functioning of the hotel industry. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1072197.
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In this textbook, the basic foundations of the functioning of the hotel industry are considered (the concept of the hotel industry, its subjects, objects and participants; trends in the development of the hotel industry and its relationship with the hospitality industry; the concept, forms of organization and conduct of hotel activities; the concept, signs and types of hotel services; the basics of legal regulation of hotel activities; classification, criteria of consumer the choice and organizational structure of accommodation facilities; the basis of the legal status of the subjects of the hotel industry and the specifics of their activities; aspects related to the staff of accommodation facilities and the requirements imposed on them).
Special attention is paid to the study of the features of the provision of hotel services (contractual relations of accommodation facilities with tour operators; specifics of concluding and implementing a contract for the provision of hotel services; informing consumers of hotel services; nuances of the technological process of hotel services).
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
It is intended for study by students receiving secondary vocational education in the specialties 43.02.14 "Hotel business" and 43.02.10 "Tourism". It can be recommended for training in other specialties, within the framework of which the study of certain aspects in the field of the hospitality industry is provided, as well as to subjects whose activities are directly related to the organization and conduct of the hotel and tourism business.
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Zaykova, Anastasiya. The administrative and legal status of a doctor: the main directions of improvement. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2001725.
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The monograph is devoted to the current state of the administrative and legal status of a doctor in the Russian Federation. The concept, signs and structure of administrative and legal status, basic rights and guarantees of the realization of the rights of a doctor in the field of public administration, problems of administrative and disciplinary responsibility of doctors are considered.
Based on the results of the scientific research, the classification of administrative and legal relations with the participation of doctors was carried out; proposals were developed to eliminate terminological uncertainty between the concepts of "doctor", "medical worker", "specialist doctor" and "attending physician"; the need to establish administrative responsibility for improper provision of medical services, which entailed the infliction of mild and moderate the severity of the harm to the patient's health; proposals have been made to improve legislation in the field of public health protection in the Russian Federation.
It is addressed to researchers in the field of administrative and medical law, practitioners in the field of public health, students and undergraduates studying at medical and law schools, as well as a wide range of readers.
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Gagarina, Larisa, Elena Akimova, Anton Garaschenko, Ilona Kapitanova, Martin Tihonov, and Larisa Gagarina. Software design. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1893880.
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The basic concepts and definitions, classification of software, stages of software product creation within the life cycle are considered, the current state of software product development technologies is highlighted. The existing approaches to assessing the quality of software creation processes are described, requirements analysis and definition of software specifications are performed. Much attention is paid to the issues of software design, its reliability, and collective development using modern version control systems. The theoretical material is accompanied by a workshop in the form of laboratory work on the stated topic.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students and teachers of higher educational institutions of technical profile, as well as for specialists of any subject area who have shown interest in the current state of programming methods and tools.
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Markov, Sergey. Logic, second edition. 2nd ed. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/01957-3.
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In the textbook, written in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education and intended for university students (primarily in the humanities and specialties), logic is considered as a methodological basis and a tool for logically correct thinking. Topics for study include logical rules for dividing the scope of a concept, classification, topics of definitions of terms, logical rules for constructing normative statements, logic of questions and answers, rules and techniques of inference, hypothetico-deductive method, syllogistics, as well as other materials useful for managers , lawyers, doctors, economists.
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Vlasyenko, Nikolay, Artem Tsirin, YEkatyerina Spyektor, Natalya Povetkina, Zarina Bedoeva, Yuliya Belyaeva, Maksim Zaloilo, Elena Rafalyuk, and E. Sidorova. Dictionary on the Subject of Anti-Corruption. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18663.
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Currently, the problem of combating corruption is in the center of attention of Russian society and the state. The legal and organizational framework for combating corruption has been formed. Anti-corruption legislation is constantly being improved, becoming more holistic and systematic, so further classification of its concepts is required.
The Glossary contains more than 500 terms of Russian and foreign language origin, which are basic in the practice of combating corruption and are used in criminal, administrative and financial law of Russia; it guides the reader in a complex system of modern legal categories related to anti-corruption topics; uses the tools of international agreements ratified by the Russian Federation; it will help clarify the conceptual apparatus of normative legal acts and eliminate contradictions in existing documents.
The publication is intended to be used in the educational process in the framework of scientific and educational support for combating corruption.
For employees of scientific institutions and government agencies, teachers, students, postgraduates of higher educational institutions and practicing lawyers.
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Marchenko, Mihail, Ivan Kuksin, Elena Deryabina, Elena Pirogova, Tamara Soshnikova, Viktor Kornev, Elizaveta Frolova, et al. Legal conflictology: theory and methodology of research. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1860797.
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The textbook examines a wide range of theoretically and practically significant issues related to legal conflictology as a kind of social conflictology. Considerable attention is paid to the concept, the main features and features of this direction in science, as well as the methodology of the study of legal conflictology and individual legal conflicts. On the basis of various criteria, certain types of legal conflicts are identified and considered, their classification is carried out, a system of measures aimed at preventing legal conflicts and their resolution is analyzed.
For students and teachers of law schools.
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Nekrasov, Vasiliy. Criminal law protection of public relations in the field of innovation. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2100002.
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The monograph gives the concept of "innovative activity" and reveals its connection with related categories, characterizes public relations in the field of innovation, and also presents a range of norms aimed at criminal law protection of relations in the field of innovation. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of modern trends in criminal policy in the field of protection of innovative public relations, retrospective and comparative analysis of responsibility for socially dangerous encroachments on relations in the field of innovation. On the basis of the classification carried out, the features of the types of innovative activities in criminal law are revealed. The proposals on the use of individual components of legislative technology in the norms on crimes in the field of innovation are formulated, the set of means of differentiating responsibility for crimes in the noted field of activity is critically evaluated and clarified.
It is addressed to everyone who is interested in the issues of criminal law protection of public relations in the field of innovation, practitioners who are faced with the qualification of crimes in this area, as well as teachers, students and cadets of educational organizations of a legal profile.
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Bogumil, Veniamin, and Sarango Duke. Telematics on urban passenger transport. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1819882.
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The monograph discusses the application of telematics in dispatch control systems in urban passenger transport. The role of telematics as a technological basis in automating the solution of control tasks, accounting and analysis of the volume and quality of transport work in modern dispatch control systems on urban passenger transport is shown. Analytical models have been developed to estimate the capacity of a high-speed bus transportation system on a dedicated line. Mathematical models and algorithms for predicting passenger vehicle interior filling at critical stages of urban passenger transport routes are presented. The issues of application of the concept of the phase space of states introduced by the authors to assess the quality of the passenger transportation process on the route of urban passenger transport are described. The developed classification of service levels and their application in order to inform passengers at stopping points about the degree of filling of the passenger compartment of the arriving vehicle is described. The material is based on the results of theoretical research and practical work on the creation and implementation of automated control systems for urban passenger transport in Russian cities. The material of M.H. Duque Sarango's dissertation submitted for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences in the specialty 05.22.10 "Operation of motor transport" was used.
It will be useful to specialists in the field of telematics on urban passenger transport.
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Gordopolov, Andrey, and Yuliya Golovastova. A malicious violator of the regime of serving a sentence of imprisonment and his responsibility in the penal enforcement legislation. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2021346.
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The monograph examines the problems of the legal status of a malicious violator of the regime of serving a sentence of imprisonment, as well as determining the mechanisms and limits of bringing these persons to responsibility established by the penal enforcement legislation, as a result of which ways of solving them are proposed. In particular, a retrospective analysis of the norms of domestic legislation defining malicious violators of the regime of serving a sentence in the form of imprisonment is carried out; the author's concept, characteristics of malicious violators of the regime, as well as their classification are given; the composition of malicious violation of the regime of freedom as the basis for bringing to justice a convicted person to imprisonment is examined; the system of penalties applied to to a malicious violator of the regime, as well as the procedure for their appointment and execution; the legal consequences of recognizing a convicted person to imprisonment as a malicious violator of the regime of serving a sentence are established; ways to improve the penal enforcement legislation and law enforcement practice in relation to malicious violators of the regime of serving a sentence are determined.
It may be of interest to students, cadets, trainees, graduate students, teachers, law enforcement practitioners, as well as to a wide range of readers interested in the problems of penal enforcement law.
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Streiner, David L., Geoffrey R. Norman, and John Cairney. Basic concepts. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199685219.003.0002.
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This chapter begins by introducing the readers to finding existing scales that may meet their needs. It briefly summarizes the key concepts they should look for in a scale—reliability, validity, and feasibility. It discusses what is meant by these various terms and how they are measured. The chapter also contrasts the categorical versus the dimensional approaches to diagnosis and classification. Finally, it compares the medical versus the psychometric ways of trying to reduce measurement error.
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Carton, James. Basic pathology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759584.003.0001.
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This chapter begins by covering basic pathological concepts, including definitions of common pathological terms, nomenclature, and classification, and discusses cellular adaptations, cellular death, inflammation and healing, innate and adaptive immunity, hypersensitivity reactions, neoplasia, and carcinogenesis.
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“Data Mining Concepts & Techniques”. 3rd ed. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2011.
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Geary, David C. The Classification and Cognitive Characteristics of Mathematical Disabilities in Children. Edited by Roi Cohen Kadosh and Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.017.
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Children in the bottom quartile of mathematics achievement are at high risk for underemployment in adulthood. These children include the roughly 7% of students with a mathematical learning disability (MLD) and another 10% of students with persistent low achievement (LA) that is not attributable to intelligence. The poor mathematics achievement of children who compose groups of MLD and LA students appears to be related to one or several deficits; specifically, (1) a delay in the development and poor fidelity of the system for representing approximate magnitudes; (2) difficulty mapping Arabic numerals, number words, and rational numbers onto associated quantities; (3) poor conceptual understanding of some arithmetic concepts; (4) developmental delay in the learning of mathematical procedures; and (5) difficulty committing basic arithmetic facts to or retrieving them from long-term memory. Children with MLD also have concurrent working memory deficits that exacerbate their mathematics-specific deficits and delays.
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Husa, Jaakko. The Future of Legal Families. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935352.013.26.
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The aim of this article is to give an account of legal families as a comparative law approach and as a classification of legal systems. The text discusses especially the future of legal families. The article begins with a short review of macro-comparative law’s basic approaches and concepts. It then considers the past and present of the basic notions of macro-comparative law, focusing on the classification of legal families and the recent critique of them. Finally, this article examines the new roles of legal families and, in particular, it addresses the possible future utility of legal family as a basic notion and as an approach in macro-comparative law.
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Wendling, Fabrice, Marco Congendo, and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. EEG Analysis. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0044.
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This chapter addresses the analysis and quantification of electroencephalographic (EEG) and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals. Topics include characteristics of these signals and practical issues such as sampling, filtering, and artifact rejection. Basic concepts of analysis in time and frequency domains are presented, with attention to non-stationary signals focusing on time-frequency signal decomposition, analytic signal and Hilbert transform, wavelet transform, matching pursuit, blind source separation and independent component analysis, canonical correlation analysis, and empirical model decomposition. The behavior of these methods in denoising EEG signals is illustrated. Concepts of functional and effective connectivity are developed with emphasis on methods to estimate causality and phase and time delays using linear and nonlinear methods. Attention is given to Granger causality and methods inspired by this concept. A concrete example is provided to show how information processing methods can be combined in the detection and classification of transient events in EEG/MEG signals.
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Jobani, Yuval, and Nahshon Perez. Laying the Groundworks. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190280444.003.0001.
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The chapter opens with a categorization of the Western Wall as a “thick site.” Echoing Geertz’s “thick-description” approach, this new concept denotes a site typically but not necessarily religious, which is loaded with different and incompatible meanings attributed to it by different agents. From these agents’ perspective, such meanings are highly significant, and consequently, these sites are irreplaceable. This conceptualization elucidates the most important characteristics of contested sacred sites, enabling a classification of the struggle of the Women of the Wall within a larger “class” of similar struggles and indicating possible solutions. Basic concepts that are necessary for illustrating the contours of the discussion are defined: “state,” “religion,” and “public sphere.” The chapter concludes with a detailed discussion of the contextual research methodology chosen for this study.
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Kondrakiewicz, Dariusz. Prognozowanie i symulacje międzynarodowe. Instytut Europy Środkowej, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36874/m21580.
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International forecasting and simulation is a study that summarizes research, in a shortened and integrated version. The thematic scope concerns the basic terminology and methodological issues of forecasts and the forecasting process itself, forecasting institutions and the final product, i.e. international forecasts. The main goal is to present and systematize basic knowledge in the field of forecasting in international relations. The book is generally aimed at all those interested in international affairs. However, the author hopes that the publication will also be helpful for researchers and analysts dealing with difficult issues of international forecasting in the field of their scientific research methodologies. The work consists of two parts – theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part includes two chapters. The first chapter begins by discussing the concepts of forecasting and simulation. Next, considerations were made about the place of forecasting in science, pointing out the existing dilemmas in this regard, and also discussed categories, classifications and functions of forecasting and simulation. The second chapter presents the main elements of the forecast and the phases of the forecasting process. Most space was devoted to the presentation of the most important methods of forecasting in international relations, not limiting itself only to discussing them, but also assessing their usefulness for formulating international forecasts. In the third chapter, which is of an empirical nature, the selected forecasting institutions are first discussed according to the division applied into typically research, university, governmental, international and private institutions. This classification is of a contractual nature, but corresponds to the basic functions performed by individual institutions. In the further part of this chapter, the most important – according to the author – ecological, demographic and political forecasts are presented, focusing on discussing the main consequences of their possible implementation for international relations.
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Mohamed Salleh, Siti Hawa, Mohd Tajuddin Mohd Idris, Nor Bahiyah Baba, Norainiza Saud, Noraziana Parimin, Norsuria Mahmed, Nur Hidayah Ahmad Zaidi, Nur Maizatul Shima Adzali, Rohaya Abdul Malek, and Sri Raj Rajeswari A/P Munusamy. METALURGI UNTUK BUKAN AHLI METALURGI. 2024th ed. PENERBIT UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58915/bk2023.022.
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Metallurgy for Non-Metallurgists is a book that explains the basic concepts of metallurgical processes for individuals who do not have a background in the field. This book provides an introduction to the basic concepts of metallurgy including the structure of metals, the properties of different elements, and the classification of metals. It explains the relationship between atomic structure and the mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of metals, making them easy to understand for non-metallurgists. This book covers extraction methods such as mining, investment, and refining. The process gives the reader an overview of how metals are obtained from ores. The book also covers important topics such as alloying, heat treatment, and powder metallurgy, where it provides a practical overview of how metals are modified and shaped to meet specific needs. The book also discusses the importance of steel and cast iron, non-ferrous alloys, physical metallurgy, electronic metallurgy, failure and corrosion of metals, metal testing, and applications in metallurgy. It also contains complex technical concepts and is accompanied by illustrations, diagrams, and examples. Metallurgy for Non-Metallurgists aims to equip its readers with a solid foundation in metallurgical principles, enabling them to make decisions related to material selection, manufacturing processes, and quality control.
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Herreros, Ivan. Learning and control. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0026.
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This chapter discusses basic concepts from control theory and machine learning to facilitate a formal understanding of animal learning and motor control. It first distinguishes between feedback and feed-forward control strategies, and later introduces the classification of machine learning applications into supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning problems. Next, it links these concepts with their counterparts in the domain of the psychology of animal learning, highlighting the analogies between supervised learning and classical conditioning, reinforcement learning and operant conditioning, and between unsupervised and perceptual learning. Additionally, it interprets innate and acquired actions from the standpoint of feedback vs anticipatory and adaptive control. Finally, it argues how this framework of translating knowledge between formal and biological disciplines can serve us to not only structure and advance our understanding of brain function but also enrich engineering solutions at the level of robot learning and control with insights coming from biology.
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Congendo, Marco, and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Event-Related Potentials. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0039.
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Event-related potentials (ERPs) can be elicited by a variety of stimuli and events in diverse conditions. This chapter covers the methodology of analyzing and quantifying ERPs in general. Basic models (additive, phase modulation and resetting, potential asymmetry) that account for the generation of ERPs are discussed. The principles and requirements of ensemble time averaging are presented, along with several univariate and multivariate methods that have been proposed to improve the averaging procedure: wavelet decomposition and denoising, spatial, temporal and spatio-temporal filtering. We emphasize basic concepts of principal component analysis, common spatial pattern, and blind source separation, including independent component analysis. We cover practical questions related to the averaging procedure: overlapping ERPs, correcting inter-sweep latency and amplitude variability, alternative averaging methods (e.g., median), and estimation of ERP onset. Some specific aspects of ERP analysis in the frequency domain are surveyed, along with topographic analysis, statistical testing, and classification methods.
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Stoneman, Paul, Eleonora Bartoloni, and Maurizio Baussola. Some Initial Definitions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816676.003.0002.
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This chapter introduces some basic concepts and definitions, starting with the definition of a product, and distinguishes between goods and services; discusses product characteristics (distinguishing functional from soft or aesthetic); addresses the different markets for different products; and talks and exemplifies product and market classifications. Product innovations are considered as global, local, or new to firm; new and original products are defined; and horizontal innovations are differentiated from vertical innovations according to whether they are preferred only by some buyers or by all. The significance of an innovation is addressed via a discussion of alternative approaches based upon either changes in the characteristics of the product or its market impact.
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Testa M., Claudia, and Dietrich Haubenberger, eds. Tremors. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197529652.001.0001.
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Abstract Descriptions of tremor encompass ancient civilizations to the present day. This book covers the increasingly rich and diverse research arena in tremors, and how research connects with improved recognition and treatment of tremors. The initial book sections cover fundamental concepts in tremor nosology and classification, pathophysiology, and etiology. “Tremor Foundations,” presents work across research modalities, providing an overview on the underpinnings of tremor as symptom and disease. Recent developments in the understanding of tremor pathology, pathophysiology, and genetics, spurred by new basic research and neuroimaging techniques, illustrate the breadth of immediate opportunity in tremor research. “The Family of Tremors” presents the extended range of tremors, spanning isolated tremors, tremor as one of several features of a neurological disorder or medical disease, and other hyperkinetic movement phenotypes commonly referred to, mimicking, or framed as tremors. The final section, “Tremor in the Clinic,” puts the fundamental concepts of the initial sections into clinical context. This section covers current and emerging frameworks for assessment, diagnosis, and holistic treatment of tremors, and the accelerating growth in new therapeutics development. All sections connect across key concepts in defining and working with tremors, illustrating how work in state-of-the-art clinical care feeds back into understanding causes of tremors and new therapeutics development. Tremor is one of the most common movement disorders. This dynamic, rich topic is sure to see continued rapid growth in research and clinical care options.
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Pouillaude, Frédéric. Conclusion (2). Translated by Anna Pakes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199314645.003.0020.
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This second conclusion to the book proposes two distinctions which could form the basis of a classification of the various art forms. There are arguably two essential features which define the concept of the work: The work is an object that is both public and durable. The chapter applies this definition to the art of human movement. It details what is meant by the “art of movement.” Finally, the text returns to the notion of unworking. Choreographic unworking ultimately only manifests the power of powerlessness itself.
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Janssen, Ted, Gervais Chapuis, and Marc de Boissieu. Description and symmetry of aperiodic crystals. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824442.003.0002.
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This chapter first introduces the mathematical concept of aperiodic and quasiperiodic functions, which will form the theoretical basis of the superspace description of the new recently discovered forms of matter. They are divided in three groups, namely modulated phases, composites, and quasicrystals. It is shown how the atomic structures and their symmetry can be characterized and described by the new concept. The classification of superspace groups is introduced along with some examples. For quasicrystals, the notion of approximants is also introduced for a better understanding of their structures. Finally, alternatives for the descriptions of the new materials are presented along with scaling symmetries. Magnetic systems and time-reversal symmetry are also introduced.
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Ellison, Aaron M., and Lubomír Adamec. The future of research with carnivorous plants. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779841.003.0029.
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The material presented in the chapters of Carnivorous Plants: Physiology, Ecology, and Evolution together provide a suite of common themes that could provide a framework for increasing progress in understanding carnivorous plants. All speciose genera would benefit from more robust, intra-generic classifications in a phylogenetic framework that uses a unified species concept. As more genomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic data accrue, new insights will emerge regarding trap biochemistry and regulation; interactions with commensals; and the importance of intraspecific variability on which natural selection works. Continued elaboration of field experiments will provide new insights into basic physiology; population biology; plant-animal and plant-microbe relationships; and evolutionary dynamics, all of which will aid conservation efforts and contribute to discussions of assisted migration as the climate continues to change.
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Abou-Khalil, Bassel, Karl Edward Misulis, Hasan Sonmezturk, and Kevin C. Ess. Atlas of EEG, Seizure Semiology, and Management. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197543023.001.0001.
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Atlas of EEG, Seizure Semiology, and Management presents the essential knowledge and tools needed for understanding, performing, interpreting, and using electroencephalography (EEG) as a tool for patient care. The book begins with a discussion of the scientific basis of EEG activity and EEG recording, followed by details on the performance of various studies used in clinical practice. A large segment focuses on clinical features of seizures and epilepsies, including details of the new classification schemes. More than 500 images are used to discuss normal and abnormal EEG patterns and clinical features of seizures and epilepsies, including localization and physiology. While most of the book concerns patients of all ages, one section focuses on pediatric EEG and epilepsy. Management sections discuss specific treatments of seizures and epilepsies, including the physiology and pharmacology of rational therapy, recommended dosing and monitoring, and surgical and nonmedical therapy. Also included are discussions on the differential diagnosis of seizures, approach to nonepileptic events, and impact of comorbidities. After presentation of core material, many teaching cases presented and discussed by the authors.
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Redburn, F. Stevens. Responding to America’s Homeless. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216186946.
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This useful and clearly written book provides a discussionof the major issues involved in dealing with the homeless, summarizes information available from a number of studies, and draws conclusions about current public policy and future policy alternatives. . . . An important addition to any library dealing with contemporary social concerns. Choice The homeless have become more and more numerous and visible in our society. Responding to America’s Homeless presents the most complete, up-to-date scientific evidence concerning the nature, extent, and causes of homelessness. Using an unprecedented survey of 1,000 homeless individuals and families, as well as previous national, local, and scholarly research, the authors draw a vivid portrait of the homeless population and their needs. They challenge the widely held view that most homeless are mentally ill, proposing an original classification of the homeless based on needs for various forms of assistance. On the basis of this empirical research, the authors evaluate current public policies for dealing with the homeless and present alternative plans aimed at returning homeless people to more normal, secure circumstances.
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Agras, W. Stewart, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Eating Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373622.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of Eating Disorders reviews current research and clinical developments through synthetic articles written by experts from various fields of study and clinical backgrounds. Epidemiologic studies suggest that eating disorders are not only common but have increased in prevalence in recent decades, and this book refines and updates the state of research. The book is divided into four sections: phenomenology and epidemiology of the eating disorders, approaches to understanding the disorders, assessment and comorbidities of the disorders, and prevention and treatment. The first section deals with classification and epidemiology of the disorders, considerations for revisions to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, and the somewhat neglected topic of eating disorders in childhood and early adolescence. The second section describes research basic to understanding the eating disorders and addresses biological factors, psychosocial risk factors, cultural factors, and the effects of behaviors such as dieting and eating and weight concerns in the genesis of the eating disorders. The third section describes assessment of the eating disorders, medical and psychological comorbidities, and medical management. The final section deals with various treatment modalities that have been found successful, including psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacologic approaches; an overview of evidence-based treatment for the eating disorders; and a consideration of what we know about cost-effectiveness of existing treatments.
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Rogers, Hannah Star. Art, Science, and the Politics of Knowledge. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/13885.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
How the tools of STS can be used to understand art and science and the practices of these knowledge-making communities. In Art, Science, and the Politics of Knowledge, Hannah Star Rogers suggests that art and science are not as different from each other as we might assume. She shows how the tools of science and technology studies (STS) can be applied to artistic practice, offering new ways of thinking about people and objects that have largely fallen outside the scope of STS research. Arguing that the categories of art and science are labels with specific powers to order social worlds—and that art and science are best understood as networks that produce knowledge—Rogers shows, through a series of cases, the similarities and overlapping practices of these knowledge communities. The cases, which range from nineteenth-century artisans to contemporary bioartists, illustrate how art can provide the basis for a new subdiscipline called art, science, and technology studies (ASTS), offering hybrid tools for investigating art–science collaborations. Rogers's subjects include the work of father and son glassblowers, the Blaschkas, whose glass models, produced in the nineteenth century for use in biological classification, are now displayed as works of art; the physics photographs of documentary photographer Berenice Abbott; and a bioart lab that produces work functioning as both artwork and scientific output. Finally, Rogers, an STS scholar and contemporary art–science curator, draws on her own work to consider the concept of curation as a form of critical analysis.
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Fikfak, Alenka, Saja Kosanović, Miha Konjar, and Enrico Anguillari, eds. SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE: socio-spatial perspective. TU Delft Bouwkunde, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.23.
Full textAbstract:
Sustainability and resilience have become indispensable parts of the contemporary debate over the built environment. Although recognised as imperatives, the complexity and the variety of interpretations of sustainability and resilience have raised the necessity to again rethink their notion in the context of the built environment and to reframe the state-of-the-art body of knowledge. The book Sustainability and Resilience: Socio-Spatial Perspective so begins with the exploration of the broadest conceptual frame-of-reference of issues related to sustainability, and the re-establishment of the connection between the built environment and the conditions that are vital to its functioning, primarily in relation to energy, land use, climate, and economy. Subsequent discussion on resilience as a term, approach, and philosophy aims to conceptualise an interpretation of key resilience concepts, explain relationships and links among them, and propose the classification of resilience as applicable to the context of urban studies. By studying the processes of transition of the built environment, the book then reveals a coherent formula of ‘thinking sustainability + resilience’ aimed at improving the ability to respond to disruptions and hazards while enhancing human and environmental welfare. The necessity to integrate the two approaches is further accented as a result of a deliberative discourse on the notions of ‘social sustainability’, ‘sustainable community’, and ‘socio-cultural resilience’. The potential of measuring sustainable development and urban sustainability on the basis of defined social, human, and, additionally, natural and economic values is presented though an overview of different wellknown indicators and the identification of a currently relevant tangible framework of sustainable development. Correspondingly, the role of policies and governance is demonstrated on the case of climate-proof cities. In this way, the consideration of approaches to sustainability and resilience of the urban environment is rounded, and the focus of the book is shifted towards an urban/rural dichotomy and the sustainability prospects of identified forms-in-between, and, subsequently, towards the exploration of values, challenges, and the socio-cultural role in achieving sustainability for rural areas. In the final chapters, the book offers several peculiarised socio-spatial perspectives, from defining the path towards more resilient communities and sustainable spaces based on a shared wellbeing, to proposing the approach to define community resilience as an intentional action that aims to respond to, and influence, the course of social and economic change, to deliberating the notion of a ’healthy place’ and questioning its optimal scale in the built environment. The study of sustainability and resilience in this book is concluded by drawing a parallel between environmental, economic, and social determinants of the built environment and the determinants that are relevant to human health and well-being.