Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Classes supérieure'
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BOZOULS, LORRAINE. "Le privilège de l’entre-soi. Pratiques résidentielles et styles de vie des classes supérieures du privé." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/273245.
Full textThis research studies the mechanisms of formation and reproduction of upper classes particularly endowed with economic capital living in the parisian suburbs. In support of a multi-method survey (interviews, observations, archives, statistics) I show how this under-studied fraction works to maintain a homogeneous neighborhood-wide community. I also analyze the withdrawal on one’s house, especially for housewives, as well as the distant relationship to the public sector (privatization of school and security issues).
Difour, Patrick. "« – wo ich also lesen, wo ich vor- mit- und nachlesen kann – ». Paul Celan lecteur d’allemand aux Écoles normales supérieures de Saint-Cloud et de la Rue d’Ulm." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040224.
Full textThe poet and translator Paul Celan belongs to the writers who have exercised a professional activity. The present study examines his largely unknown work as a language instructor in Parisian elite universities. It presents and analyses unpublished material from Celan’s estate as well as accounts of his former students and establishes relationships with his poetry. In the light of a biographical, institutional and social contextualisation of Celan’s work in 1956/57 and, again, from 1959 to 1970, the study concentrates especially on Celan’s literature and translation teaching. This shows that his reception of Kafka, Büchner or Heine in a didactic context is strongly linked to poetologically relevant questions such as that of the poet, the individual or language and that it must not be understood as systematically subordinate to conventional academic constraints. Similarly, several “anciens élèves” recall the translation classes (“thème allemand”) as not only a preparation for the “agrégation” examination, but also as involving poetic “réécriture”. Celan’s “work anthology” for the ENS, which contains more than 150 passages, suggests that these classes were not only aimed at the consolidation of linguistic proficiency but that they became a scene of engagement with terminology relating to the natural sciences, with contemporary developments and other poetic figures, and with aesthetic and anthropological issues. Thus, the examination of hitherto unknown original material which sheds light on an important part of Celan’s intellectual biography elucidates the way in which his academic teaching was shaped by questions and motifs which refer to the poet and the person
Der Dichter und literarische Übersetzer Paul Celan zählt zu denjenigenSchriftstellern, die einem bürgerlichen Beruf nachgegangen sind. Seine in der Forschung bislang nur unzureichend bekannteTätigkeit als Deutschlektor an Pariser Elitehochschulen wird in der vorliegenden Untersuchung unter Rückgriff auf bislangunveröffentlichte Nachlassmaterialien und Berichte seiner ehemaligen Studierenden aufgearbeitet, analysiert und insVerhältnis zu seinem dichterischen Werk gesetzt. Vor dem Hintergrund einer biographischen, institutionellen und sozialenEinordnung der im Jahre 1956/57 und erneut von 1959 bis 1970 ausgeübten Funktion rücken dabei vor allem der LiteraturundÜbersetzungsunterricht in den Mittelpunkt, den Celan mit den normalien-ne-s abgehalten hat. Dabei kann gezeigt werden,dass seine im didaktischen Rahmen erfolgende Auseinandersetzung mit Franz Kafka, Georg Büchner, dem deutschenVolksliedgut, Thomas Mann oder Heinrich Heine nicht zuletzt auf poetologisch relevante Fragen wie die nach dem Dichter,dem Individuum und der Sprache rekurrierte und sich dabei auch den hergebrachten akademischen Gepflogenheiten nichtbedingungslos unterordnete. Ähnliches gilt für das thème allemand, das verschiedene ancien-ne-s élèves nicht nur alsVorbereitung auf das Staatsexamen, sondern insbesondere auch als eine letztlich dichterische „réécriture“ erinnern. Celansmehr als 150 Textausschnitte umfassende Arbeitsanthologie für die ENS lässt darauf schließen, dass dieser Unterricht jenseitsder Vertiefung sprachpraktischer Fertigkeiten zu einem Ort der Auseinandersetzung nicht nur mit naturkundlichemFachvokabular, sondern auch mit Zeitkritik und Dichterfiguren sowie mit ästhetischen und anthropologischen Fragestellungenwurde. Im Zuge der Erschließung bislang unbekannter Originaldokumente, die Aufschluss über einen nicht unerheblichen Teilvon Celans intellektueller Biographie geben, wird somit insgesamt deutlich, dass seine akademische Lehre nicht zuletzt vonFragen und Motiven geprägt war, die auch auf den Dichter und den Menschen verweisen
Geay, Kevin. "Enquête sur les rapports au politique des classes supérieures." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090061.
Full textThis thesis is based on a series of qualitative and quantitative surveys. It provides a systematic analysis of French upper classes’ attitudes towards politics. I argue that behaviors that do not fit with the usual description of upper classes as politically competent, committed and well-represented should be taken into account. This approach allows a better understanding of how upper classes actually participate, make electoral choices and defend their interests. The thesis develops as follows. First, I show that investigating why bourgeois occasionally abstain from voting or avoid talking politics leads to a thorough comprehension of the link between social status and participation. Second, I provide evidence that the analysis of uncommon trajectories of members of the bourgeoisie who support left-wing parties indirectly reveals what makes the former more likely to be conservative voters. Third, I study how upper classes members use their proximity to politicians as a resource, and the risks they run by doing so. Finally, I study what happens when upper classes attempt to control space, but are deprived of politicians’ support
Zingraff-Vigouroux, Nadine. "Les politiques d'ouverture sociale des classes préparatoires aux grandes écoles : le cas d'un dispositif expérimental singulier, la C.P.E.S. (Classe Préparatoire aux Études Supérieures)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0089/document.
Full textThe implementation of initiatives in favour of social mix in the Classes Préparatoires aux Grandes Écoles has significantly developed since 2001. Thus, experimental strategies for social openness have been launched by prestigious schools. This research aims at presenting the Classes Préparatoires selective system which is based on meritocracy values, it then analyses the social selection mechanisms occurring in these classes and it also highlights the national and international situation which has contributed to setting up this system. The research then focuses on the stakes of this recent social openness desire concerning the access to elitist courses and on the measures that convey new answers in favour of this diversity. This study next examines a field survey assessing the relevance and effectiveness of one of these measures known as the Classe Préparatoire aux Études Supérieures (CPES). The CPES was created in 2006 by Lycée Henri IV and has then been reproduced in other schools. This one-year post-baccalauréat bridging course targeting promising scholarship students is aimed at finding a solution to social and cultural injustices and thus at fighting the strong social reproduction noticed in the Classes Préparatoires aux Grandes Écoles. An analysis of quantitative and qualitative information collected from students and from teachers in charge of the CPES is being carried out in order to check whether this one-year catch-up course has really been successful in improving the academic path of high-potential young scholarship students. This same analysis also checks whether the CPES actually is the starting point of restoring equal opportunities within the educational system
Rosenfeld, Jean. "A noble house in the city, domestic architecture as elite signification in late 19th century Hamilton." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ61986.pdf.
Full textGherardi, Laura. "La mobilité ambigüe : pour une sociologie des classes sociales supérieures dans la société contemporaine." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0062.
Full textThe topic of the thesis is the link between power and mobility on the higher levels of the social scale. The sample of the research is formed by more than two hundred of interviewees - among them are top managers in multinational companies, international artists and leading global academics, large proprietors and heirs of great fortunes mainly based in one of the three cities where the empirical analysis took place - Milan, Paris and London. Comparing the mobility plannings and the time schedules of these social groups, we show different forms of international mobility - and correlated structures of personal costs: mobility is a resource and at the same time a constriction weighting today on higher-grade professionals -, strategies for the presence on dislocated social scenes and differences in power on somebody else's rhythm. These results contradict the rhetoric of contemporary managerial literature concerning the rise of an homogeneous elite of citizens of the world and indicate the specific social morphology in post-fordist capitalism
Adangnikou, Noël. "Une évaluation de l'efficacité de l'enseignement supérieur français : le cas des classes préparatoires scientifiques." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00250430.
Full textans après la sortie de l'école le salaire des ingénieurs issus de CPGE est en moyenne supérieur de 3,5%.
Pfirsch, Thomas. "Des territoires familiaux dans la ville : classes supérieures, relations familiales et espace urbain a Naples." Paris 10, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683824.
Full textThrough the case of Naples, the purpose of this thesis is to analyse the importance of kinship in upper classes' location and mobility in a Mediterranean city. Though many studies have stressed the importance of a family residential proximity cultural model in Southern European countries, the forms of this model in urban space and its effects on urban housing market, architecture and socio-spatial organisation have not so far been studied in detail. In order to analyse these interactions between kinship space an urban space, the thesis focuses on Neapolitan upper classes, where family proximity as well as residential segregation are very high. It's demonstrated that kin relationships played an important part in the constitution of a "social zoning" in Naples, which has been conventionally described as a symbol of low segregated Mediterranean cities. The research has been based on Census data, National Surveys on kinship, select schools members' lists and semi-structured interviews with Center Naples old upper class families. First, quantitative data was used to locate high status areas in the city and to compare Naples socio-spatial organization with that of other Mediterranean Cities. Then, interviews were used to shape the geographical trajectory of 50 kinship groups in the city from late 19th century to present, and showed the influence of family aggregation strategies in the constitution of upper class areas and their present spatial "inertia" in the City. Maps of these Families' Residential morphology, holiday destinations, and sociability spaces in the city were also made. To finish, interactions between urban domination zone and family networks are investigated
Masy, James. "De la construction sociale du rapport au temps : le cas des boursiers des classes préparatoires aux grandes écoles." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3014.
Full textThe purpose of this research is twofold: combining the process of social construction of relationship to time with the social opening of elitist preparatory classes leading to the best grandes écoles. Interviewing a group of 26 scholarship students on regular occasions over a number of years, our objective was to highlight the consequences of this temporality issue on individuals. On the one hand the culture of emergency that has become the norm in preparatory classes requires a rigourous time management. On the other hand there are new students whose star-pupil ethos logically steers them towards fields that seem more promising. This situation inevitably leaves new students faced with a temporality dissonance that they have to overcome. The consequence is a necessary acculturation which process and effects vary according to the distance between the group to which individuals belong and the reference group, neither of which are socially or culturally homogeneous. Indeed, in the same way that there exists different temporality cultures within the sector there also exists different types of scholarship holders. This dual heterogeneity produces de facto a considerable change in this process and its effects, and leads to characterising this acculturation according to original culture groups the temporal culture of the preparatory class and the dominant time horizon of our society. This triangulation induces this social relationship with time as a constantly evolving process
Costechareire, Arnaud. "Parcours de khâgneux et de khâgneuses du Lycée du Parc et du Lycée de jeunes filles de Lyon : 1924-1968." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20051/document.
Full textThis research has traced the school careers of professionals but also students of the preparatory classes of the Lycee du Parc and Lycee de jeunes filles de Lyon. Our study starts from 1924 and the Berard Decree opening – among other things – bachelor’s door to girls and stops on the eve of 1968 and the mutations originated from the events of May. The study aims to highlight the evolution of the French intellectual elite education over 40 years. Several areas are illustrated, all studied in a gender perspective: the social origins, the secondary school, the entrance to the different Ecole Normale Supérieure (Ulm and Sevres), academic studies and career opportunities. Beyond this gendered comparison students of both schools, two tracks stand out with one hand the receipt to ENS and the other, flunked, who are studying in the university
Naturel, Véronique. "L'appropriation de l'espace du quartier : étude sur les classes moyennes et supérieures de l'agglomération parisienne en habitat collectif." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H017.
Full textThe concept of place appropriation is defined in this research in the context of a transactional model of the relationships between man and the environment as composed of three facets : cognitive, behavioral and affective. It describes the particular relationships between a person and a place having a specific importance in his life. Principal results show that localisation of the residential quarter (suburb versus city center) have an important effect on the intensity of activities in the quarter and the richness of its spatial representation, and that length of residence and life cycle position strongly influence local sociability. The hypothesis of the existence of a place identity structured by the past and the projects of the person and getting in transaction with his present residential environment is confirmed by the determinant effect of the residential history of the individual on the affective facet of the appropriation. The close link between personal and historic times and place appropriation can also be found in the fact that the existence of a social memory of the place seems to facilitate the affective attachment of its inhabitants
Bozouls, Lorraine. ""Pour vivre heureux, vivons cachés" : pratiques résidentielles, styles de vie et rapports de genre chez les classes supérieures du pôle privé." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0033.
Full textAt the crossroads of the sociology of social classes and the urban sociology, this thesis focuses on the private pole of upper classes, defined as the one having more economic than cultural capital and living in homogeneous spaces of the well-off residential suburbs. It analyses the role of both the neighborhood and the house in the formation and reproduction of this class fraction and thus contributes to the understanding of segregation mechanisms. It is based on a survey conducted in the wealthier districts of two municipalities in the Parisian suburbs (Rueil-Malmaison and Saint-Maur-des-Fossés) where sixty interviews with homeowners were conducted. More than two thirds of the households surveyed have an estimated property of more than one million euros and therefore belong to the 3% of the most affluent households in France. The households surveyed choose a neighborhood marked by its entre-soi, which ensures favorable conditions for social reproduction. They invest locally in social relationships and heritage enterprises, from which they extract resources in terms of social, symbolic and economic capital. In addition, the households surveyed are invested in a privatization movement, which results in a strong taste for real estate ownership and in their withdrawal into the domestic sphere, which mainly affects women, many of whom are housewives. Finally, this privatization is also synonymous with a distance from public services, visible through the management of their security, which is sometimes accompanied by a movement of residential closure
DELBARRE, Franck. "Les formes verbales du français : constatation d'un certain type d'erreurs dans une classe de niveau supérieur." 名古屋大学大学院国際言語文化研究科, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14071.
Full textGutierrez, Laffargue Patricia. "Le temps d'adresse dans les interactions verbales en classe d'espagnol, langue étrangère (niveau supérieur) : enseignement et pratiques." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100167/document.
Full textFrom the observation made with the spanish foreign language students have great difficulty in mastering the use of terms of address, this work tries to elucidate the reasons which offers reflections to the problem. Terms of address as a personal and social deictic are markers of the interpersonal relationship that all speakers built with his interlocutor. In spanish, the address system is complex variations diatopiques as well as the specific features of its system, including the pronoun usted, which designated an allocutaire has a morphology of third person. Furthermore, it must take into account the situation of communication, which is variable depending on the cultures and societies. From a corpus of data consisting of oral interactions of french university students, we make an interactional and pragmalinguistic analysis which allows to identify the major difficulties posed by learning and mastery in context of the terms of address, second-person pronouns and nominal forms. It is shown that these errors in the speech of the students are not only of linguistic origin, but are also induced by a lack of fitness for the communication situation. Thus, the address terms are one of the elements whose use depends not only on the level of interlanguage, but also of socio-cultural competence of the speakers
Saleh, Salah. "La compréhension du comportement du consommateur des objets de luxe : le cas du consommateur libanais de la classe moyenne supérieure." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB172.
Full textThis study explores and analyses the factors involved in the act of consumption of luxury goods of the upper middle-class consumers through a case study on Lebanon. Based on the consumer's behaviour as well as the economic and social constraints he faces, we will try to define the social determinants of luxury goods consumption. What are the banners? What are the factors pushing the upper-middle class to buy such goods? This study aims to understand the behavior of buyers in a specific area - Lebanon - which is geopolitically, economically and socially unstable. After many civil wars and constant tensions between different religious groups, the country is facing a delicate problem. For example, due to social pressure executed by the society of his religious group, the consumer finds himself obligated to buy from shops owned by people of his religious group. If not, he will be considered as a traitor. Religious conflicts and the rise of extremism are at the heart of this problem. Extremist groups call on their followers to boycott products from many European countries. Consumers, meanwhile, are at the heart of tensions from several constraints It has been for more than a year now that Lebanon is without a president. Political parties, like the militias, are at the head of the political system that favors cronyism. This system was installed due to the disappearance of the state power and highlights the role of luxury goods as "gifts" in exchange of all kinds of services and improved social status. The objective of this study is to show how these "gifts" in general, and mainly luxury goods, were involved in the cohesion and the establishment of an identity of a specific group of the Lebanese population. Each individual trying to build - or rebuild - their social identity, is also trying to secure this identity in a totally unstable environment, especially when the legal government and the parliament are unable to guarantee this stability. Therefore, the social actor is trying to find new strategies to ensure some peace everyday. Individuals of a certain social environment feel threatened by their environment but also by other socio-religious environments: Maronites, Shiites, Sunnis, etc. They are afraid for their children, their relatives but also their material properties: retail, housing ... They must find a way to provide certainty about the various threats. It is in this context that luxury gifts intervene and reduce uncertainty both to insecurity and the various threats
Orange, Sophie. "L'autre supérieur : aspirations et sens des limites des étudiants de BTS." Poitiers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011POIT5016.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analize the different social frameworks which are the background of the studying experience in french higher technical sections (Sections de Technicien Supérieur - STS). These vocationnal trainings are the preferred or even the exclusive pathways to the higher education levels, chosen by many vocational and technical "baccalauréat" graduates, thus contributing to the growth of a demand for education in low-income families. The monitoring of a group of students from their entry in STS until their graduation highlight the effects of the institution on school and job ambitions. It appears that the high integration potentential of these training courses and eventually the consecration of the students as a local elite in rural secondary schools allow increasing aspirations of weaker students. Thus, STS play a role of social promotion. However, curricula specificities and internal diversities of pedagogical configurations lead students to moderate their professionnal expectations. Furthermore, the isolation of STS in the french higher education system, a consequence of the LMD reform, has reduced the possibilities for the students to move towards long cycles. Consequently, these training courses are not able to completely guarantee the academic vocations they gave rise to
Souza, Joiciane Aparecida de. "Les politiques de discrimination positive dans les grandes écoles : l'expérience de Sciences Po et de ses "inclus de l'extérieur"." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H010.
Full textThis dissertation aims to verify the extent to which policies of affirmative action contribute to the access and success of lower class youth in the context of the French grandes écoles (elite colleges), by analysing the experience of Educational Priority Conventions (CEP) set up by the Institute of Political Studies in Paris (“Sciences Po”). A questionnaire was submitted to students admitted through the CEP (52 responses) and a second one to students admitted to “Sciences Po” through the four admission procedures: CEP, entrance exam, grade distinction and an international procedure (1,441 responses). Next, interviews were conducted with 31 students admitted to “Sciences Po” through the different admission procedures. We found that the beneficial effects of the CEP procedure are quite random. The CEP certainly diversifies the group of elite students to some extent – it is the procedure that recruits the highest proportion of students from the lower classes in “Sciences Po” – but our data also shows that the favoured social classes remain overrepresented compared to their proportion of the French population, even for this procedure, and that the actual number of students admitted through the CEP is quite small. The latter group of students, while contributing to a relative ethnic, social, cultural and territorial diversity within the Institute, live the process of integration differently from other students. In general, they feel and are seen by other students, at least initially, as "included from the outside", with a markedly different habitus and a lower linguistic, educational, cultural, social and economic capital. Although the evaluation of the CEP and its impacts by the students of “Sciences Po” is generally positive, they still believe that the procedure can be improved in some areas
Sow, Fatimata. "Étude des parcours d'orientation scolaire et professionnelle de la classe de 5e (enseignement moyen) jusqu'à l'enseignement supérieur au Sénégal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66889.
Full textBogliotti, Amelia Maria. "Le théâtre de Marguerite Yourcenar : Approches didactiques pour une classe de Français langue étrangère de niveau supérieur en Argentine." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030001/document.
Full textThis thesis work, developed within the frame of the Languages and Cultures Didactics chair, explores the potentialities of the play's text as a pedagogical tool for an advanced course of FFL. The theatrical text, a singular material, characterized by its double aspect – verbal and non verbal, requires a reading effort that we try to clear up. Following "genettian" guidelines about paratext, we cover the surroundinges of the theatrical writing in as many possible routes so as to get closer and into the meaning. To read "yourcenarian" plays, the core of our corpus, we have used the notions of rewriting and intertextuality as support, aiming at providing the FFL student with an itinerary which would allow them to build the meaning of the texts, and to be able to gain insight about the literary and mythical content to which the play refers to, and make it their own. In order to accomplish that, we have drawn on other literary, artistic and media documents, where that initial corpus reflects upon and with which it is redefined and completed. A significant place has been similarly assigned to the distinct expressions of the biographic aspect, to situate the writer in her socio-cultural context. A theatre with words and texts as Marguerite Yourcenar's, undertaken to be read, spoken and represented by foreign students, faces the professor with the challenge of adapting and developing reading routes, as well as specific oral and written production itineraries. To do so, a prior research work is essential. Having accepted such challenge, we leave our trace by means of this thesis work
Rainson, Sylvie. "Superposition des champs électriques et causalité : étude de raisonnements, élaboration et évaluation d'une intervention pédagogique en classe de mathématiques spéciales technologiques." Paris 7, 1995. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01275080.
Full textThe subject of this research is: - the study of students' reasonings about the superposition of electric fields - the designing and the assessment of a sequence on this thele. The superposition principle stirulates, according coulomb's law, that all the present electric charges contribute to the total field. It is essential to lead to an unified understanding of electrostatics and electric circuits. Our hypothesis is that, in applying this principle, some difficulties appear, which are linked to a narrow conception of causality. This hypothesis determines the study of common ways of reasoning and some of the levers of the sequence. After a preliminary inquiry, the research's tools have principally been questionnaires. Two obstacles have been identified
Fontanini, Christine. "Les filles face aux classes de mathématiques supérieures et spéciales : analyse des déterminants des choix d'une filière considérée comme atypique à leur sexe." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL006.
Full textIn spite of the official coeducational system for all superior teaching formations for the past twenty years or so, the scientific preparatory classes for math-physical sections remain a masculine bastion since girls represent less than a quarter of the students. In the first part of this thesis, we tried to explain why girls with a scientific final exam choose less than boys possessing the same final exam to follow a math-physical scientific preparatory section. For this, we led an investigation on the potential " fishpond " of this path with pupils from scientific high schools in Paris and it's region. In the second part, our work consisted of putting into evidence the conditions that make this orientation so unlikely for a minority of girls who choose to pursue it. Our next goal was to study how girls live the two years preparation and how they construct their future from their school and personal experiences. Our work is also based on a longitudinal analysis of feminine and masculine pupils from special math sections of 3 scientific preparatory classes of 3 high schools in Paris region
Stevanovic, Biljana. "La mixité dans les écoles d'ingénieurs : le cas paradoxal de l'ex-Ecole Polytechnique Féminine." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100102.
Full textThis study focuses on how coeducation has developed in l'Ecole Polytechnique Féminine (EPF), an engineering school. This school, originallv intended for women, was founded in1925 by Marie-Louise Paris, an engineer herself. EPF was intended to train women engineers and also to help them to get into the industry. It trained women for 69 years before opening up to male students and becoming mixed in 1994. Since the school bas opened up to both sexes, the number of women has dropped considerably. Today, only 34% of students at the school are women. The opening up to male students has caused a notable drop in the number of women attending the school. In order to shed light on this percentage drop of women at EPF due to the introduction of coeducation, we have chosen to compare their school careers to those of male students. The methodology consists of a questionnaire and semi-directed interviews (31, 15 female students, 16 male students). The analysis focused on several themes : the motivation and vocational steps towards EPF, school education, professional plans and family influence on this career decision to go to an engineering school. The results have shown that both female and male students educated at the school have the same vocational strategies as well as the same professional plans. Female students feel more concerned by the issue of the resolution of professional and family life and are ready to give up their career progress in order to bring up their children. As for their education at EPF, both male and female students follow a normal course with no rivalry nor competition. Some female students said they felt reassured by the fact they were in a school originally intended for women and in which the number or women remains proportionally higher than in most other engineering schools
Bouloc, Caroline. "Les élites dans les villes polonaises : étude de géographie sociale." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010721/document.
Full textAfter 1989, the transition from a socialist to a capitalist economic system created major structural changes in Polish urban areas. Élites, great winners in this process, are redefining social and spatial distances between themselves and other social groups. This thesis combines quantitative approaches in the analysis of the three largest cities of Poland (Warsaw, Cracow and Lodz) with qualitative analysis (interviews with representatives of Warsaw’s élites) in order to identify the new spatial dynamics of Polish élites. Firstly, this study presents the social and urban changes due to the political and economic transition of Poland, and explains how the élites are able to redefine themselves in this new environment. A comparison of the concentrations of the upper classes in the three cities (from the mid-nineteenth century to 2002) helps to prove the persistence of social mechanisms of distinction in space at different times. Despite the homogenization of social space during socialism, pre-war good neighbourhoods never really disappeared. Against all expectations, social space in 2002 presents lower concentrations of the upper classes than before 1989, due to social dispersion. Finally, the analysis of élites’ residential preferences and behaviours, together with the analysis of élites’ representations and social practices in Warsaw, helps to highlight different spatial practices according to the type of élite. Changes in social practices within the city occurred against a background of stable mental representations
Przejście od systemu socjalistycznego do systemu kapitalistycznego przyczyniło się do poważnych zmian strukturalnych w polskich miastach po 1989 roku. Elity, jako wielcy wygrani tego procesu, na nowo ustanawiają dystansy społeczne i przestrzenne między sobą a innymi grupami społecznymi. Poniższa rozprawa doktorska opiera się zarówno na analizie ilościowej, przeprowadzonej w trzech największych miastach w Polsce (Warszawa, Kraków i Łódź) jak i jakościowej, w postaci wywiadów z przedstawicielami tej kategorii w Warszawie. Zastosowanie metod ilościowych i jakościowych umożliwiło identyfikację nowej dynamiki przestrzennej polskich elit. W rozprawie doktorskiej przedstawiono zmiany tkanki miejskiej oraz przemiany społeczne, będące wynikiem procesu transformacji systemowej oraz wyjaśniono w jaki sposób elity definiują się ponownie w nowym środowisku. Porównanie koncentracji wyższych kategorii społecznych w skali makro w trzech miastach od połowy XIX wieku do 2002 r. potwierdziło trwałość społecznych mechanizmów wyróżnianiania się tej grupy w przestrzeni w różnych okresach. Przedwojenne prestiżowe dzielnice nie znikły w okresie socjalizmu, pomimo homogenizacji społecznej w skali miasta. Niemniej jednak, koncentracja klasy wyższej w 2002 r. była niższa niż w 1988 r., z powodu rozpraszania się tej kategorii w przestrzeni miasta. Przeprowadzona analiza zachowań i preferencji mieszkaniowych, jak również analiza percepcji i praktyk społecznych warszawskich elit, uwypukliły odmienność zachowań społecznych elit. Poza tym, zmianie uległy również praktyki społeczne elit w mieście, podczas gdy percepcja społeczna i przestrzenna pozostały niezmienione
Ravet, David. "Didactique du texte de voyage au XXème siècle : dans une perspective interculturelle et transartistique pour des classes de Français Langue Etrangère de niveau supérieur." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030003.
Full textThis thesis constitutes an elaboration of a method for teaching twentieth century travel literature from Apollinaire to Kessel. It is intended for advanced students of French as a Foreign Language. It adopts a cross-cultural and multi-disciplinary approach, ranging from the study of literature and the plastic arts (painting, photography and posters) to cinema and music. The thesis focuses on several themes and genres of travel literature : the travel poetry of Apollinaire and Cendrars ; the representation of New York in French literature and American painting from 1910 to the 1950s ; the anti-colonial texts of Gide, Nizan and Céline (in direct confrontation with the colonialists’ posters) ; and the politically committed reporting of Albert Londres and Kessel. We establish a multi-disciplinary methodology which aims to cast a new light on traditional literary analysis and teaching. In addition, we propose a number of very precise educational syllabuses which will permit students to develop cultural skills to a high level in literature, the plastic arts, and music. This thesis could thus be a basis for the creation of seminars, writing workshops, and cultural programs in the French departments of foreign universities, in French institutes, for the Alliance Française network, or for the F. L. E. (French as a Foreign Language) institutes in France
Lozach, Ugo. "Approcher le pouvoir : sociologie de l'action éducative des Instituts d'Études Politiques de province (1945-2018)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG057.
Full textThis research focuses on a network of second rank elite colleges – the “Instituts d’études politiques” (IEP) – that have grown throughout the second half of the 20th century in cities throughout France. They now appeal principally to a large population of upper-class students who are disproportionately from the intellectual fraction, and are mostly feminine. This appeal is due to the school’s curriculum that is highly selective and offers an alternative to sciences and humanities, which have traditionally comprised the educational choices of the French upper-classes. In articulating socio-historical, statistical and ethnographic approaches, this dissertation explores how the IEP’s curriculum differentiates candidates and students according to their dispositions and, over time, contributes to the stratification of the upper classes
Bergeron, Sophie. "Évaluation du concept de soi des élèves du premier cycle du primaire qui redoublent une année scolaire et qui sont promus en classe supérieure." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3128/1/000671521.pdf.
Full textCombes-Joncheray, Marie-Françoise. "Les différences entre input et output chez les étudiants en anglais commercial des classes de BTS Commerce International : analyse critique." Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1247.
Full textThe research work started from a personal question and an intuition : there muet be some process at work to account for the discrepancy between input and output in the production of learners of EFL. The question arising from a parctical problem led to theoretical investigations and to the elaboration of tools for the analysis of data, which enabled the researcher to interpret, and therefore understand, the situation. It is feasible to replicate the process and apply it through action-research so as to contribute to the professional and personal development of teachers. Two metaphors were used on the study : the input / output metaphor, and the BICS ans CALP metaphor. They were used as a basis for the theoretical framework of the research which eventually highlighted the impact of students ans institutional representations on input processing. It showed how the discrepancy existing between learners's representations and the institution's expectations could partially explain the differences between input and output. It also stressed the social part played by research in didactics
Teye, John Coffie. "Ghanaian university student and teacher preferences for written corrective feedback in French as a foreign language classes." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35473.
Full textThe preferences for written corrective feedback (WCF) by teachers and students is one area of relevance in second language writing. The aim of this study was to investigate the WCF preferences of Ghanaian students (n = 106) and teachers (n = 5) of French as a Foreign Language (FFL) at the university level. To achieve this purpose, a mixed research design (qualitative and quantitative) was used to gather and analyse information about students and teachers’ perception of grammar instruction in their writing class, their preferred type and amount of feedback, their preferred type of error to be corrected and the contextual factors that influenced their preferences. Questionnaires and semi-structured interview protocols were used to collect the data. The results of the study show that both students and teachers accorded a great importance to grammar instruction and feedback on errors. This finding echoes Bisaillon’s (1991) contention that for second and foreign language learners, mastering the structures of the language is a major preoccupation unlike for writers in their first language who have already mastered most of the structures needed for essay writing. As in English foreign language contexts (Alshahrani & Storch 2014; Chung, 2015; Elwood & Bode, 2014; Hamouda, 2011), the FFL students of the present study preferred direct feedback. As a contextual factor, the study also shed light on how the teachers’ educational background was implicated in their approach to the teaching of writing and feedback practices. As previous studies on WCF have been limited to English foreign language contexts, this study contributes to research with respect to French foreign language contexts.
Résumé en espagnol
Kang, Shin Tae. "Analyse des interactions dans la classe de langue en Corée : cas des apprenants coréens face aux enseignants de français natifs dans l'enseignement supérieur." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2158.
Full textThe language is undoubtedly the reflection of a culture and it allows two peoples not only to communicate but also to discover each other. It is the reason why this work aims at answering two objectives: the first one is to optimize the languages teaching, here French in Korea, the second is to favour the exchanges between our two countries by measuring the cultural significance conveyed by a language. For this we tried to identify the constraints of the learning of French by describing the interactions between French native teachers and Korean learners in the higher education in Korea. The constitution of a corpus of authenticinteractions putting in touch 180 Korean learners with 7 teachers through 13 courses of FLE allowed to describe interactionnels recurring phenomena of sociolinguistic type. The linguistic great distance separating French of the Korean showed itself by incomprehensions and phonetic, morphosyntactic and semantic misunderstandings of origin stemming from transfers between both languages. To overcome these linguistic difficulties, we recommend to accompany the grammar courses with an immersion in target language by courses of conversation. But our study shows how many the learning habits of the Korean learners,between silences, laughter of embarrassments, nods and other palliative illustrative gestures in linguistic deficiencies, must be taken into account in any didactic approach
Valiente, Séverine. "Les élites locales et le pouvoir dans les municipalités de Castille à l’époque moderne : le cas de Cuenca (1556-1598)." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30062.
Full textThe advent of modern State established the political role of the local elites at a time when power was traditionally in the hands of monarchy or nobility. In Cuenca, under the reign of Felipe II, the regidores were one of these elites: they wielded municipal power and controlled the access to the different local resources. Moreover their charge brought them social prestige and exempted them from taxes, which contributed to their being assimilated to the nobility. The possession of a charge of regidor had then become a precious tool for the strategies of social mobility. Even more so as the charge was affected by a venality which reached its climax in the midst of the reign of the « prudent » king, which facilitated the access to the Regimiento. This one was then essentially composed of representatives of the gentry, among whom some wealthy members of the middle-class attempted, in their turn, to reinforce their position. Thanks to clever marriages of convenience and a well-established patron-client network, the members of this new elite could constitute remarkable patrimonies, thus granting to their descendants access to the highest spheres of nobility. To achieve their position they had to join the local nobility whose relations to the central power were henceforth based on an exchange of services
Réau, Bertrand. "Clubs de vacances et usages sociaux du temps libre : une histoire sociale du Club Méditerranée." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0056.
Full textAs a reply to the long-term conquest of free time by lower -and middle-classes, members of the upper classes agreed upon the necessary regulation of square time. Along with those moral concerns, some fractions of the upper-class redeploying invaded leisure areas by promoting distinctive behaviours different from those the lower and middle-class had, and also from the square-time activities the traditional "leisurely" dominant classes had. The "Club Méditerranée" ideology played a seminal role in the "moral modernization" of France by the newly acquired urban middle-class psyche. From the 1960s onwards, in spite of deceivingly obvious mass-development in the leisure industry, gaps between social classes have kept on increasing. Spending time off at Club Méditerranée resorts has now come to play a specific sociological role : that of allowing dominant classes to intensify their usual leisuring habits as everyday leisure opportunities keep on getting less and less both possible and satisfactory
Carranza, Pablo Fabian. "La dualité de la probabilité dans l'enseignement de la Statistique : une expérience en classe de BTS." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070044.
Full textIn this research we are interested in the teaching of some aspects of statistics viewed as a set of methods leading to making a rational decision in uncertainty context. More exactly, we study how the two main and broad statistical interpretations - Frequentist and Bayesian - are taken into account and taught in French school. First of all, we describe both interpretations we retain in our work. Then we present the approach proposed by the current curriculum and in the textbooks in France. We have made short training's situations involving both interpretations in order to analyze the possibilities to teach both interpretations to students
Cousin, Bruno. "Cadres d'entreprise et quartiers de refondation à Paris et à Milan : contribution à l'analyse différenciée du rapport des classes supérieures à la mixité socio-spatiale et aux dynamiques d'auto-ségrégation." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0031.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes upper-middle class attitudes towards socio-spatial mixing. More specifically, I study several neighborhoods located at the immediate peripheries of Paris and Milan, and whose populations are primarily made of private sector executives. These areas harbor high-standing residential complexes, composed of hundreds or thousands of units located in high-rise buildings erected within the last thirty years, close to the new business centers of Segrate (Milan) and La Défense (Paris). Arising out of big construction operations of leveling, reconstruction and repopulation (and sometimes enclosure), they have erased the previous memory of the sites on which they now stand, following a process of social upgrading I call "refoundation", and which I distinguish clearly from much-studied processes of gradual gentrification. In the course of the demonstration, I follow (1) an historical perspective, retracing Parisian and Milanese bourgeoisies’ successive attitudes towards the fragmentation of urban space; (2) a statistical perspective involving multivariate and typological analysis of the distribution of various social groups within the Milan urban area (to complement available data on Paris compiled by Edmond Préteceille); (3) Last but not least, based on 89 in-depth interviews and the series of ethnographic observations I carried out in Levallois, Courbevoie and Segrate, I restitutes some of the constructions of meaning, symbolic universes and registers of justification used by locals, in order to account for their residential choices and their tendency to approve of upper middle-class self-segregation
Corne, Henriette. "Représentation de la haute société dans le roman français : romain mondain au XIXe siècle (Second Empire)." Nice, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NICE2015.
Full textMalterre, Nathalie. "Société et vie parisienne dans l'oeuvre de Manet." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040004.
Full textAfter an introduction on Manet and his time, when various artistic movements coexisted, this thesis concerning Manet's painting as well as his graphic art, is composed of two parts, the first of which is devoted to the study of portraits, and the second to the representation of scenes of parisian life. The general conclusion concerns the evolution of Manet's style, shows the opposition between the french and anglo-saxon theories relating to his art and underlines that Manet was an objective witness of his time, and the first among great painters to represent parisian life and society in a new and modern fashion. Are also annexed a chronology, a bibliography and two indexes
Gevaert, Herve. "La loi Guizot du 28 juin 1833, une sortie de l'ancien régime scolaire ? : recherche sur l'organisation pédagogique des classes et les écoles primaires supérieures jusqu'à l'enseignement secondaire spécial de Victor Duruy." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC009/document.
Full textIf the Guizot law of 28 june 1833 established officially the primary education in France, surprisingly, the historiography of the school had little interest in it. Our tesis aspires to fill modestly that void and is interested in the positioning of the legislation with the school of Ancien Régime, under an pedagogical angle, the organization ot the classes, and structural, through the écoles primaires supérieures.Firstly, the few studies dedicated to the law lead us to propose a new reading of the genesis of the text from a three approaches: political, historical and philosophical.The second part is devoted to the link pedagogical of the legislation with the old school system. Obviously, a certain educational modernity appear, even if they will stay at a theoretical level during many years still. The third part is dedicated to the double european influence to the law: Swiss and Prussian. We will show that Guizot relied on the school project of 1798 of the Swiss Minister Stapfer and that Victor Cousin imported the Bürgerschulen in the French ground with the aim of protecting the secondary education.Then, our tesis attemps to the study of écoles primaires supérieures funded by the law. Rather than to answer economic new needs, the place that they will occupy in the intermediate education will allow to reserve the secondary education for pupils' minority. Finally, our research goes on until the enseignement secondaire spécial of Victor Duruy, which would have extended les écoles primaires supérieures of Guizot. In conclusion, we stress the importance of the Guizot Law in the construction of the modern school, but also the closure of the secondary education it has generated
Jutten, Odile. "L'enseignement de l'improvisation à la classe d'orgue du Conservatoire de Paris, 1819-1986, d'après la thématique de concours et d'examens." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040007.
Full textThe author explores the evolution of improvisation teaching at the organ class of the Paris Conservatoire between 1819 and 1986 - under teachers such as François Benoist, Cesar Franck, Charles-Marie Widor, Alexandre Guilmant, Eugène Gigout, Marcel Dupré and Rolande Falcinelli - through a computerized cross analysis of themes set at the three levels of examination, and a selection of themes given during classes. Teachers' notes and various official sources - examination reports and school regulations - complement this thematic material. After a brief survey of the institutional context, a careful study of the successive instruments available at the class and of the three topics taught - plain and gregorian chant, fugue, free improvisation - sets light on the various phases of the evolution. Having been dedicated solely to improvisation, the organ class as from 1852 also included interpretation until 1971, when the reforms of that year split the class into two independent sections, one for improvisation, and one for interpretation. Until 1971, the educational orientation had put greater emphasis on technical skills through study study of classical forms. As of this date, the newly independent improvisation class took on a more creative outlook. Renouncing strict forms and languages, and opting instead for an approach of the different types of repertoire where the students were able to select their own formal outline. In conclusion, a survey involving former pupils of the organ class at the conservatoire forms the basis for a discussion on the current situation of organ improvisation in France
Ricateau-Marciano, Florence. "Formation et carrière de élèves de la classe d'architecture de l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Marseille 1813-1914." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10011.
Full textTruong, Fabien. "À l'école de la banlieue : la démocratisation des études supérieures et la marginalisation urbaine à l'épreuve des trajectoires individuelles." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0145.
Full textThis fieldwork is a extensive ethnographical survey ranging between 5 and 7 years, of 20 students from working class and immigrant backgrounds living in the northern suburbs of Paris. Set in a 3 act scenario, the Is' episode takes place in highschool during a 6 year period where I employ participant observation methods whilst teaching. The 2"d episode analyses the undergraduate years and the dispersion of 'my' former pupils within the Higher Education system, from local suburban universities to elite Parisian schools. The 3rd episode depicts the postgraduate years and the final entrance into the job market. The study as a whole analyses social structural constraints as well as oppositional relationships and processes through the lenses of individual cases, plurality of social scenes and temporality. Biographic trajectories and school careers enlighten the conditions under which social mobility is possible as well as the dispositional adjustments it requires. The new contradictions of 'school massification' appear. The Key to success lies in the ability to face territorial stigma, class ostracism, cultural illegitimacy, racism and islamophobia more than 'pure' academic skills. These social ordeals reinforce the fragmentation of an unequal system. The desire for outcast students to find an 'appropriate' curriculum participates in remapping the inner frontiers of legitimacy and commodification of the cultural capital. This shift goes against the sense of dignity and singularity that is acquired through school acculturation, displaying a tension inbetween reproduction and emancipation. This urges reconsideration of pedagogy as a rapport and of the performativity of knowledge
Riyami, Bouchaïb. "Analyse des effets des TIC sur l’enseignement supérieur au Maroc dans un contexte de formation en collaboration avec une université française." Thesis, Lorient, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORIS497/document.
Full textThe higher education system in Morocco has long been based on traditional face-to-face training. Learners are required to attend all courses sessions throughout their training. At the present time, with the availability of online courses such as MOOC (Massive Open online courses), and the appearance of LMS (Learning management content) platforms like Moodle, several courses in particular and training in general are available free of charge online. The follow-up of distance courses could be a solution to the problem of the massification of higher education in Morocco, contribute to improving the level, improve the motivation and involvement of learners in the use of ICT4E (Information and Communication Technologies for Education). Our research aims to evaluate different hybrid learning situations (face-to-face and distance learning) for Moroccan university learners in coherence with a theoretical framework that is mainly inspired by the activity theory. To concretize our research, we carried out three experiments of hybrid training using MOOC. These experiments were carried out with some university training modules as part of higher education courses in the public and private sectors. The objective of these experiments was to evaluate the motivation, satisfaction and appropriation of this new techno-pedagogical approach and to issue recommendations to the various actors (learners, teachers, institutions) on the integration of hybrid training in higher education in Morocco
Tighilet, Samiha. "La communication en classe de langue : une analyse comparative de la volonté de communiquer et de l'utilisation des stratégies de communication dans un contexte LANSAD en Algérie et en France." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30110.
Full textWillingness to communicate is a matter of relatively recent research in teaching foreign languages. It is considered the main factor in promoting production of language and, according to some, the ultimate goal that all language programmes must achieve. While some studies have shown that this variable is conditioned by a number of factors, however, most of the research has not tried to link willingness to communicate with learners' actions, in particular, communication strategies which seem to play an important role in the learning and practice of language. Using classroom observations, questionnaires and interviews with students and teachers, we studied the degree of willingness to communicate and the use of communication strategies of 206 science students at two universities in Algeria and in France. The results show that the degree of willingness to communicate in class is average. Moreover, it tends to change depending on factors such as the conversation partners and group size. Analysis of the results enables us to see that different types and categories of communication strategies are used with varying frequencies. In this study, we were able to compare two contexts: Algeria and France. This comparison highlights some differences
Génetiot, Alain. "Poétique du loisir mondain, de Voiture à La Fontaine." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040177.
Full textIn the tradition of voiture at the hotel de rambouillet, aristocratic poets such as sarasin, benserade, pellisson develop an aesthetics of courtliness founded in witty banter and learned negligence in a sober, natural and gracious style which is a major characteristic of la fontaine's classicism. This courtly poetry reveals a new art of loving, both easy and playful, by associating neo-petrarchian perceptions of love with bawdy traditions. Born out of the conversation of honnetes gens and with their participation, aristocratic peotry goes beyond its social function to invent an art of living which is adapted to politeness and nonnetete and express the nex aristocratic ideal of cultivated leisure
Aguilar, Rio Jose. "La présentation de l'enseignement de langue étrangère : aspects relationnels et décisions interactionnelles en classe de l2." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030146.
Full textThis work is at the crossroads of applied linguistics – namely foreign language [L2] teaching – education studies and social psychology. Its ultimate goal is to characterize the way in which L2 teachers represent their profession. This work draws on teachers' cognition studies in order to explore the heterogeneous beliefs of teachers. It also draws on conversation analysis [CA]: the classroom observation conducted in four fields has produced recordings that have become L2 classroom transcripts. The use of CA has helped to determine the participants' attitude as they coconstruct the situation in which they participate – namely a L2 classroom, which constitutes, in principle, an institutional setting. As regards the L2 teachers, the identification of certain practices – their disaffiliation, their choice of subject, their legitimation of laughter – indicates the possibility that they have made certain decisions according to the manner in which they co-manage the classroom situation, but also in relation to their own beliefs. Finally, we use recall-interviews, by means of which the teachers are confronted the teachers with their own practice; this may conduce to their characterising their own actions according to a certain pedagogical logic, but also according to their feelings. By means of integrating these three sources of information a dialogue between the teachers and the researcher has become possible; this dialogue has allowed for a fine description of the teachers' teaching know-how
Gellereau, Claire. "Life is easy here" : Migrer, travailler, se loger, s’éduquer, pratiques et privilèges des Nord-Américains, Britanniques et Français à Séoul." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12020.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the urban practices of British, Canadian, American and French migrants who work and live in Seoul, South Korea. In line with the academic research on urban practices of the middle and upper-middle classes and on skilled migrations, we will question the social heterogeneity of these migrants through the study of their residential, schooling and migration practices. This research combines seventy interviews with quantitative analysis (census, immigration data). Results show that these migrants form a "social patchwork" whose practices in Seoul fit with those of the middle and upper-middle classes in their respective countries. Depending on the cases, their housing practices correspond either to a quest for self-segregation or, in contrast, for "international" socialization. Schooling practices show strategies for which "international" socialization is a cornerstone. Although their statuses and practices are heterogeneous, we find that these people have, during their migration in South Korea, privileges linked to their nationalities and class origins. The ease with which they migrate and find employment is the result of asymmetric migration policies between their countries of origin and South Korea. This migration privilege allows them to accumulate, depending on their trajectories, economical, social and cultural resources in Seoul. The thesis explores the practices of "privileged migrants" in Seoul and aims to contribute to the sociology of migration, to urban sociology, and to social class analysis
Chapon, Vincent. "Les « repris de justesse » des belles écoles : Etude ethnographique de la structuration et de la construction sociale de l’échec scolaire et des situations de rattrapage dans les classes dominantes." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21850/document.
Full textThe study of students from the upper classes in difficulty at school offers a different perspective on the idea of failure. Children from very advantaged backgrounds benefit from a variety of assets, which, in theory, guarantee their position and social status. Within these classes, however, significant situations of failure can be observed.Through ethnographic research in Bordeaux's private schools under contract, and ethnographic immersion in the dominant classes, this work describes the types of social constructions of the idea of failure in these classes and forms of remedial for children of ruling classes in failure.This thesis shows how elite schools themselves create a kind of failure in their social classes. The study of the gap between actual performance and the expected standards of excellence in highly respected institutions shows how a strong school culture which exclusively adheres to the codes of the privileged classes could lead to school failure even in children far removed from the rules and values of the upper classes. The study also shows how institutions are at the service of an entire class to retrieve their own children from failure and ensure the perpetuation expected. Far from a rational attitude of deliberately breaking away from the codes of their class, these failing students are the product of the same structures of the dominant classes and schools that host them
De, Roest D'Alkenade Valérie. "Pour un abord micro-sociologique de la haute société bruxelloise." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210670.
Full textAllam, Amel, and Amel Allam. "Repenser l'éducation en Algérie : de la répartition équitable à l'usage effectif des ressources et l'atteinte des résultats convoités : étude des facteurs de conversion (personnel, social et environnemental) des redoublants au BAC lors de la phase de transition vers les études supérieures : Cas de la ville de Constantine." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37845.
Full textCe mémoire traite du dispositif d’orientation scolaire et professionnelle (DOSP)1 destiné à l’accompagnement des élèves redoublants à l’examen du baccalauréat2 (BAC) de la ville de Constantine en Algérie. De manière encore précise, la présente recherche examine les inégalités que ce dispositif peut générer auprès de cette population vulnérable en raison de son échec au baccalauréat. Cet état de vulnérabilité s’exprime sous plusieurs aspects : la scolarité des parents, la situation socio-économique de la famille ainsi que le faible niveau de la performance scolaire. Ces derniers engendrent des injustices durant la phase de transition du secondaire vers l’université (Picard, Pilote, Turcotte, Goastellec, et Olympio, 2015, p.4). Ainsi, l’approche par les capabilités (AC) d’Amartya Sen3 (1992, 1993) a été retenue dans le cadre de cette présente étude afin d’identifier les facteurs de conversion d’ordre personnel, social et environnemental apte ou inapte à soutenir l’élève redoublant lors de son passage vers l’université pour entreprendre le projet d’étude auquel il aspire le plus. Pour rencontrer notre objectif, la recherche a été subdivisée en trois sous objectifs : • Identifier les ressources offertes par le DOSP algérien aux élèves redoublants au (BAC) pour voir s’il crée ou non des espaces d’options réalistes (opportunités) susceptibles de leur donner la liberté réelle de construire le choix qu’ils valorisent vraiment en matière de choix d’orientation afin de réussir leur transition vers le supérieur. • Discerner la relation des élèves redoublants avec les conseillers en orientation scolaire et professionnelle pour déterminer dans quelle mesure leurs interactions pourraient constituer des facteurs de conversion aidant ou entravant leur passage au cycle d’études supérieur. • Distinguer les facteurs de conversion d’ordre personnel et social favorisant ou balisant la transition au cycle supérieur des redoublants au BAC. Afin d’atteindre les trois objectifs fixés, deux échantillons (Aet B) ont pris part à cette étude de type qualitatif : l’échantillon A est composé de neuf (N=4) conseillères (femmes) en OSP affiliées aux trois centres d’OSP de la ville de Constantine. L’échantillon B est constitué de neuf (N=09) élèves redoublants au BAC, dont (N=4) filles et (N=5) garçons Les résultats démontrent l’existence d’un dispositif d’orientation scolaire et professionnelle fragile notamment à l’égard des redoublants au bac qui n’offre pas aux élèves redoublants au BAC les ressources nécessaires et capabilisantes afin d’augmenter leur chance de réussir leurs transitions vers le supérieur et entreprendre un projet valorisé. Mots clefs : Dispositif d’orientation scolaire et professionnelle, transition, redoublement au baccalauréat, justice sociale, approche par les capabilités (AC) Amartya Sen, facteurs de conversions (individuel, social et environnemental).
This thesis deals with educational and professional counselling system (EPCS) dedicated to support students who failed the Baccalaureate examination (BAC) of the city of Constantine, Algeria, and the inequalities it can cause for them. This student population is identified as vulnerable because of their labelling "failure at the BAC" and as a population unequally valued in its orientation course at the time of its transition to higher education (Picard et al., 2015, p. 4). Their state of vulnerability is expressed in many ways, including those related to parents' schooling, the socio-economic situation of the family, and lack of academic performance, which then generates inequalities during the transition to university (Picardet al., 2015). The Capability Approach (CA) of Amartya Sen (1992, 1993) was subsequently selected as part of this study. Its goal is to identify conversion factors that may support the student who has to retake the BAC exam during his transition to university and his choice of a study project to which he aspires the most. In other words, it identifies personal, social and environmental factors that may or may not be capacitating during the transition phase from high school to higher education. The first specific objective of the research is to identify the resources offered by the Algerian Educational and Professional Counselling System (AEPCS) to students who fail on the Baccalaureate Exam (BAC) depending on whether or not they create realistic options (opportunities) predisposed to offer them a real freedom to build a valued choice in terms of orientation and discipline choice in order to successfully transition to higher education. The second objective is to discern the relationship between students who fail the exam with Educational and Professional counselors (EPC) support to determine the degree to which their interactions could be contributing factors to helping or obstructing their transition to higher education. Finally, the third objective attempts to distinguish the personal and social conversion factors supporting or patterning the transition to the higher cycle of students who fail at the BAC exam. To achieve these three objectives, two samples took part in this qualitative study: nine (N = 09) students who fail at the BAC, of which (N = 4) girls and (N = 5) boys, and four (N = 4) EPC women advisers affiliated to three EPC centres in the city of Constantine. The structured results suggest gaps in the relevance of the government services offered in terms of academic guidance and counselling for high school students and also simply administrative management of students' orientation files without taking into account their real aspirations and their skills related to their self-management skills. Keywords: Educational and vocational guidance system, transition, BAC level failure, social justice, capabilities approach (CA) Amartya Sen, conversion factors (individual, social and environmental).
This thesis deals with educational and professional counselling system (EPCS) dedicated to support students who failed the Baccalaureate examination (BAC) of the city of Constantine, Algeria, and the inequalities it can cause for them. This student population is identified as vulnerable because of their labelling "failure at the BAC" and as a population unequally valued in its orientation course at the time of its transition to higher education (Picard et al., 2015, p. 4). Their state of vulnerability is expressed in many ways, including those related to parents' schooling, the socio-economic situation of the family, and lack of academic performance, which then generates inequalities during the transition to university (Picardet al., 2015). The Capability Approach (CA) of Amartya Sen (1992, 1993) was subsequently selected as part of this study. Its goal is to identify conversion factors that may support the student who has to retake the BAC exam during his transition to university and his choice of a study project to which he aspires the most. In other words, it identifies personal, social and environmental factors that may or may not be capacitating during the transition phase from high school to higher education. The first specific objective of the research is to identify the resources offered by the Algerian Educational and Professional Counselling System (AEPCS) to students who fail on the Baccalaureate Exam (BAC) depending on whether or not they create realistic options (opportunities) predisposed to offer them a real freedom to build a valued choice in terms of orientation and discipline choice in order to successfully transition to higher education. The second objective is to discern the relationship between students who fail the exam with Educational and Professional counselors (EPC) support to determine the degree to which their interactions could be contributing factors to helping or obstructing their transition to higher education. Finally, the third objective attempts to distinguish the personal and social conversion factors supporting or patterning the transition to the higher cycle of students who fail at the BAC exam. To achieve these three objectives, two samples took part in this qualitative study: nine (N = 09) students who fail at the BAC, of which (N = 4) girls and (N = 5) boys, and four (N = 4) EPC women advisers affiliated to three EPC centres in the city of Constantine. The structured results suggest gaps in the relevance of the government services offered in terms of academic guidance and counselling for high school students and also simply administrative management of students' orientation files without taking into account their real aspirations and their skills related to their self-management skills. Keywords: Educational and vocational guidance system, transition, BAC level failure, social justice, capabilities approach (CA) Amartya Sen, conversion factors (individual, social and environmental).
Raab, Raphaelle. "Vers une pédagogie des temps faibles : étude sur les processus d'autonomisation en classe maternelle dans le cadre des espaces-temps intersticiels." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20046/document.
Full textThis dissertation studies favorable conditions to empowerment of pupils. The empirical study was carried out in the final year of kindergarten. In most learning/teaching situations, "autonomy moments" are structurally inevitable since the teacher cannot be systematically available to everyone all the time. Interest is focused on moments during which the teacher does not directly intervene, either because he/she is not available or because he/she voluntarily withdraws from the learning situation. We call these moments "low times" because of the teacher's low presence: during these specific moments, each student responds according to his own strengths without the teacher's direct intervention to regulate both learning and behavior. It appears that students are not naturally autonomous: when left unattended, the so-called "autonomous" learning activities contribute to widening the knowledge gap between students in learning situations. Autonomy would be part of this implicitly expected behavior and is "all the more expected and required from teachers rather than being constructed in, with and by school". How can student empowerment be perceived and operationalized in an ordinary class context? Our goal is to identify tools, levers, interactions and devices which enable students to benefit from "low times" for their own learning. The data are collected in 14 classes in 117 half-days of direct observation. Socio-constructivist approach to learning suggests that in order to construct new knowledge, the student must encounter an obstacle in the course of accomplishing his task. Learning results from overcoming this obstacle. We highlight differentiated behaviors of students when facing obstacles in autonomy classroom workshops: some resort to avoidance strategies and refuse to deal with this obstacle by bypassing or circumventing it. Conversely, others draw on (their own) resources in order to overcome it and construct new knowledge. During the study period, remarkable dynamics appear: some students, with usually an "avoidant" attitude, join or maintain a "drawing on resource conduct". The study of the "notable exceptions" leads to the emergence of the favorable conditions which fostered this particular dynamic in terms of tools, activities, interactions and devices. What would have worked to the benefit of the notable exceptions could be further used as a sustainable and pedagogical lever to the benefit of all students. These conditions become then supposedly favorable and are reinvested in experimental devices in order to see if they produce the expected effects, to which extent and within what limits? Il clearly appears that the empowerment process, in classroom context of a large and heterogeneous class, is developed in a special way in "low times" of pedagogical structuration and their articulation with "strong times", notably collective feedbacks on workshops. A pedagogy of "low times" entails providing the teacher with substantial pedagogical status, which would be a crucial step as well as an instrument in the school empowerment process. Such pedagogy would also entail carefully organizing teacher's intervention in an indirect mode, through a class device which would relay it through its various dispositions (tools, rules, activities, interactions). The student would then internalize these dispositions as psychological instruments in referring to oneself in the first person. This pedagogy would finally entail a redefinition of teacher's role: his/her apparent "absence" from the situation which would paradoxically become, a teaching-learning tool to the benefit of school empowerment
Huang, Huei-Yu. "Poétique du personnage et didactique de la littérature en classe de FLE : image de la féminité à l'époque des "Années folles" (1919-1929)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA126/document.
Full textThe development of a didactic plan for the teaching of French as a Foreign Language (FLE), and especially in French literature at universities in Taiwan, has taken the characteristics of local learners into consideration. It shows that they have experienced an identity confusion related to the socio-historical context, and thus have expressed an interest in socio-cultural knowledge in order to enrich themselves personally and socially. Under the circumstances, the didactic challenge of the characters’ reading and writing is located on examining the socio-cultural significance of the literary texts for the learners’ reflection on identity issues, narrative strategies associated with constructing the fictional world, and characters’ authenticity encouraging the readers’ identification.A survey on the relationship between the local students and French literature particularly on their characters’ conception, has been carried out for this project in the form of a questionnaire. The collation of the data collected providing the development of didactic sequences is underpinned by a literary corpus correlated to femininity of the 1920s. Their implementation in a FLE class in 2015 consists of studying the contributions of the cultural referents in the creation of the characters’ system as well as in the articulation of the sequential actions of narrative. This narrative function of the reference acts is coupled to its pragmatic function on programming narrative tensions corresponding to various modes of the characters’ identification. Finally, the study of reference acts in the making of a fictional world renders it possible to identify the internal logic of the represented society, and the explanations of social phenomena from the situation defined in time and space
Favier, Elsa. "Énarques et femmes : le genre dans la haute fonction publique." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0153.
Full textBetween 2001 and 2017 the share of women in the senior civil service increased from 12% to 40%. The feminization of the administrative elites, and more broadly of places of power, has been a major social change of the past decades. While the mechanisms of women's exclusion are now well understood, feminization has been under-investigated. This is the topic of this dissertation, which is based on an ethnographic investigation and a statistical analysis on women who graduated from the ENA. How did it become possible for women to reach positions of power within the state that were historically monopolized by men? Who are the women who can access these professional positions at the top of the social hierarchy? How do they appropriate prestigious masculine roles? To address these questions, the dissertation uses two main analytical frameworks: an intersectional approach that articulates both class and gender relationships; and a sociology of family, school and professional socialization. The thesis sheds new light on the sociology of administrative elites, the sociology of the upper classes, and gender dynamics in places of power