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1
Strandberg, Felix. "Fellowship and the Ring : Character Traits, Motivations and Class in The Lord of the Rings, the Novel Versus the Film Trilogy." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-61658.
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In this essay, I analyse the characters of Frodo and Aragorn in Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings and Peter Jackson’s film trilogy in order to see if traits and relationships are consistent between the novel and the films. Any changes in characters and the ways they interact in relationships entail changes not only to the overarching narrative, but potentially to the most important themes of the story: friendship and heroism. This is important for the general discourse on the films as adaptations, since they have been accused of not being true to the thematic core of the source material. Peter Jackson’s claim that the intention was to always remain true to the spirit of Tolkien’s novel, then necessitates a closer comparison of the two works. Therefore, in investigating the characters I look not only for differences and similarities, but also for the repercussions these have on the story and the potential reasons behind them. By examining the characters from the perspective of the novel, the films and the filmmakers’ commentaries, I discuss how the removal of social class in the films changes the actions of the characters and consequently affects the themes of friendship and heroism. I also bring up the effects of changing from a novel to film as well as the symbiotic relationship between the character traits and the narrative as a whole. This essay shows that though the social class, character traits and the narrative flow are changed in a circular pattern. A closer look at the films reveals that the story’s core themes of friendship and heroism not only remain consistent, but are given more emphasis than in the novel.
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Ridderskans, Sebastian. "Ett modernt hem – för vem? : En diskursanalys av klassmarkörer i miljonprogrammets planeringsunderlag." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85697.
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I denna uppsats utforskas tankegods och diskurser i statens offentliga utredning Höjd bostadsstandard (SOU 1965:32) som utgör det huvudsakliga planeringsunderlaget inför byggandet av miljonprogrammet. Materialet har bearbetats med hjälp av kritisk diskursanalys och analyserats med hjälp av Beverly Skeggs begrepp respektabilitet för att undersöka de klassmarkörer som uttrycks i underlaget. Studiens resultat visar att det finns flera diskursiva mönster i utredningen som bygger på klassmotsättningar. Genom att reglera arbetarklassens boendemiljöer och få dem att eftersträva nya ideal skulle den historiska arbetarklassen byggas bort. De nya idealen kan förstås som en strävan efter att förändra denna samhällsgrupp och att medelklassen genom detta kunde omforma Sveriges klasshierarkier, underkuva arbetarklassen och bygga in spärrar för klasskamp. Allt detta paketerades i en vision om att bygga en modern stadsbild med flervåningshus, samtidigt som målgruppen för projektet önskade något annat.The aim of this essay is to explore the planning bias in the Swedish blue books inquiry Raised housing standards (SOU 1965:32). This document was the primary planning material for theone million homes built in Sweden between 1965 and 1974, also known as The Million Programme. Using critical discourse analysis, the material has been analyzed in search of class traits expressed in the material. These discursive expressions have subsequently been analyzed with Beverly Skegg's theoretical concept of respectability. The results shows that there are several discursive patterns in the planning document which are based on class antagonism. By regulating the ordinary environments of the working class and making them strive for new ideals, the historical working class was supposed to be transformed. These new ideals for the working class can be understood as an attempt to change this social group and through this the middle class could reshape Sweden's class hierarchies, subdue the working class, and build in barriers against class struggle. All this packaged in a vision of building a modern cityscape with apartment buildings, whilst the target group sought for something else.
3
Yearwood, Maurice. "Big data : a new alternative approach to sampling in the digital age." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/274944.
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Survey research plays a significant role in the way psychologists investigate key relationships which impact human behaviours—and which inform us about undercurrents of a population. Samples are generally taken with the primary function of being able to make inferences which can be generalised to the target population—however, historically the field has consistently relied on small and niche datasets which are not truly representative of the general population. As a consequence, there is an abundance of published research which lacks ecological validity. The alternative approach is to collect larger amounts of data—this approach is extremely costly and in most instances impractical for the researcher. I have termed this conundrum, the cost-insight trade-off, which has traditionally exasperated psychologists. To address this dilemma, I conducted three studies using two alternative methods. Study 1 investigated the relationship between social status and international friendships at a micro and macro level. The building social status hypothesis states that higher social status individuals would reach out more to people and have more international friendships than their poorer counterparts. In contrast, the restrictive social status hypothesis states the higher social status individuals would be reclusive and have fewer international friendships than their poorer counterparts. Findings at both the micro (N = 857; U.S. participants) and macro levels (approximately 50 billion friendships across 187 countries) were in alignment with the restrictive social status hypothesis. Investigating this relationship at this large a scope would not have been possible without utilising Facebook Data—furthermore, for most research projects collecting data at this scale is both too costly and impractical. Study 2 aims to address the limitation of study 1. In this light, a new alternative method, the Survey Forecasting Method, is introduced and used to demonstrate creative capability of combining the latest technology, machine learning techniques and big data (i.e. Twitter). The findings were proof positive that a data collection of only 1,000 participants (at minimum) can be transformed into the power of having a dataset of several hundred thousand participants. In other words, the findings suggest that it is possible to efficiently and effectively forecast scores for potentially millions of people, without them having to complete a single survey. This is a significant step towards developing an alternative survey method; however, the method has only been applied to the Big Five & NEO-IPIP personality traits. Study 3 provides further evidence for the Survey Forecasting Method as a viable alternative to traditional sampling methods. The study examined the relationship between entrepreneurs’ self-efficacy, fear of failure, and well-being at two levels: (a) self-report and forecasted individual level, and (b) forecasted state level (across all 50 U.S. states). Findings show there are differences between each level which provides insights into effects and potential mechanisms which would not potentially be found using traditional “silo’d” methods. The primary aim of this thesis is to provide a viable alternative method to conducting survey research—which allows the researcher to gain deeper insights into the population at less cost and time. Furthermore, this alternative method addresses poor data representativeness. Limitations are addressed and future directions to improve its capability and robustness as a viable survey research methodology are provided.
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Teschke, Benno. "The myth of 1648 : class, geopolitics, and the making of modern international relations /." London : Verso, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40029383d.
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Stares, Sally Rebecca. "Latent trait and latent class models in survey analysis : case studies in public perceptions of biotechnology." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2008. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2970/.
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In latent variable models the existence of one or more unobserved (latent) variables is posited to explain the associations between a set of observed (manifest) variables. These models are useful for analysing attitudinal survey data, where multiple items are used to capture complex constructs such as attitudes, which cannot be directly observed. In such research they are most commonly applied in the form of factor analyses based on linear regression models. However, these are inappropriate when observed items are categorical, which is often the case with attitudinal surveys. Latent trait and latent class models, based on logistic models, are then more suitable. In this thesis I demonstrate how they can be employed to address common challenges in attitudinal survey research. The case study data illustrating these challenges are from the Eurobarometer survey on public perceptions of biotechnology, fielded in 2002 in fifteen European countries. Using these data I investigate the viability of cross-nationally comparable measures of three central constructs in studies of public perceptions of biotechnology: attitudes towards applications of biotechnology, knowledge of biology and genetics, and engagement with science and with biotechnology. The analyses aim to capture these complex constructs, taking account of 'don't know' responses by including them as categories of nominal observed items, and exploring the comparability of measures of these constructs cross-nationally by assessing the similarity of measurement models between countries. The results of these analyses are informative in three ways: substantively, adding to our knowledge of people's representations of biotechnology; methodologically, increasing our understanding of how the survey items function; and practically, informing future questionnaire design. I also formulate a taxonomy of issues and choices in attitudinal survey research as a conceptual framework through which to discuss more broadly the potential value of latent trait and latent class models in survey research in social psychology.
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Meredith, John Franklin. "Mechanics of class : social structure and action in the apprenticeable skilled trades at a Canadian naval dockyard." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2687.
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Commentary on skilled trades occupations in Canada has been framed by two main
paradigms: The dominant policy discourse has applied human capital theory to the
dynamics of the skilled labour supply, often concentrating on intractable “problems”
such as low apprenticeship participation and completion rates and an extreme gender
imbalance in the trades. Sociological research has portrayed trades occupations as
positions of structurally reproduced social disadvantage. This study adopts an
alternate, neo-Weberian framework centred on the theory of economic social action.
Social structure is treated in strictly nominalistic terms, and social action is rooted in the interest-oriented behaviour of socially embedded individuals. The study,
undertaken in a large public-sector shipyard, involved both a pen-and-paper survey
(N=509) of skilled trades workers and ten focus group interviews with 49 respondents
from labour and management. The research questions addressed indicators of structural (dis)advantage and reproduction, as well as the specific mechanisms of social action operating within the study environment. The population shows a very distinct profile in terms of gender, ethnicity, and educational investment. Data on earnings, job security, and working conditions dispel any suspicion of economic disadvantage. Although a high proportion of incumbents have family connections to the skilled trades, an analysis of their siblings’ occupations refutes the supposition of structural determinism through the family. Instead, it is argued that both the social profile of the workforce and the high density of family and network connections reflect the use of “bridging” and “bonding” social capital strategies by study population members. The operative mechanisms include formal elements of the organization’s hiring practices, as well as institutionalized group norms and workplace culture. Through a “separatist” discourse that invokes notions of both “trade stigma” and “trade pride,” incumbents ascribe a particular set of cognitive and moral attributes to trades workers, which also contribute to defining the formal and informal membership requirements for their occupations. By approaching occupations as sites of economic social action, this research concludes that some of the intractable “problems” in Canada’s apprenticeable trades reflect individual behaviours that are enabled and incited by institutional features integral to the present skilled trades system.
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Dufour, Marie-Pierre. "Des traités de ponctuation à la classe de français : didactisation d'un objet de savoir." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25222.
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Partant des difficultés à ponctuer des jeunes scripteurs québécois que sont des élèves de la fin du primaire et du début du secondaire, ce travail s'intéresse à la ponctuation comme objet de savoir savant devenu scolaire par le processus de transposition didactique, processus par lequel tout objet subit nécessairement de nombreuses transformations pour finalement devenir une « création » scolaire. Une synthèse des travaux sur la ponctuation, depuis sa création jusqu'à aujourd'hui, sous l'angle de la linguistique, de la psycholinguistique, de la psychologie du langage et de la didactique du français révèle un problème inquiétant lié à la didactisation-même de ce sous-domaine de la grammaire : et si l'école s'était mal approprié l’objet? L'étude du domaine, qui de l'avis des spécialistes constitue un système, fait ressortir certaines caractéristiques traitées avec peu de rigueur dans les outils auxquels ont accès les enseignants de français pour planifier et dispenser leur enseignement de la ponctuation : multiples fonctions de la ponctuation, choix des éléments qui constituent l'ensemble, liens entre les fonctions pouvant être exercées par ces signes, etc. Les didacticiens du français ont mis à jour l'importance de faire comprendre aux élèves le rôle énonciatif des signes de ponctuation, en écriture aussi bien qu'en lecture, en lien avec les genres ainsi qu’au nécessaire arrimage de la progression dans l'enseignement des emplois des signes avec le développement progressif des compétences scripturales des élèves. Or, le traitement de la ponctuation dans les documents auxquels les enseignants de français québécois et francophones ont accès s'avère problématique : contradictions, non-sens et zones grises sont observables dans les programmes d'enseignement, documents liés à la progression des contenus, manuels et grammaires scolaires ainsi que grammaires de référence. La prise de conscience de ces lacunes constitue un tremplin pour une didactisation de l'objet et, pour ce faire, des pistes de travail existent.
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Hu, Haoyu. "Ramification et cycles proches pour les faisceaux ℓ-adiques sur un schéma au-dessus d’un trait." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112220/document.
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Dans cette thèse, on étude le complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur un schéma au-dessus d'un trait en utilisant la théorie de ramification d'Abbes et Saito. La première partie est consacrée à une nouvelle preuve d'une formule de Deligne et Kato qui calcule la dimension du complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur une courbe relative lisse au-dessus d'un trait strictement local. Deligne a considéré le cas où le faisceau n'a pas de ramification verticale, et Kato a traité le cas général. Notre approche est basée sur une notion locale de cycle caractéristiquedéfinie grâce au conducteur de Swan raffiné d'Abbes et Saito. Dans la deuxième partie, on démontre une formule qui calcule le conducteur de Swan de la cohomologie du complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur une variété lisse au-dessus d'un trait d'égale caractéristique, vérifiant une certaine condition de ramification. Tsushima a introduit la classe caractéristique raffinée du faisceau et il a démontré qu'elle calcule le conducteur de Swan de la cohomologie du complexe de ses cycles proches par une formule du type Lefschetz-Verdier. On calcule la classe caractéristique raffinée comme un produit d'intersection sur le fibré cotangent logarithmique de la variété faisant apparaître le cycle caractéristique du faisceau défini par Abbes et Saito et la section nulleIn this thesis, we study the nearby cycle complex of an l-adic sheaf on a scheme over a trait, using ramification theory of Abbes and Saito. The first part is devoted to a new proof of a formula of Deligne and Kato that computes the dimension of the stalks of the nearby cycle complex of an l-adic sheaf on a smooth relative curve over a strictly local trait. Deligne considered the case where the sheaf has no vertical ramification and Kato extended the formula to the general case. Our approach is based on a local notion of characteristic cycle defined using the refined Swan conductor of Abbes and Saito. In the second part, we prove a formula that computes the Swan conductor of the cohomology of the nearby cycle complex of an l-adic sheaf on a smooth variety over a trait of equal characteristic, satisfying a certain ramification condition. Tsushima introduced the refined characteristic class of the sheaf and he proved that it computes the Swan conductor of the cohomology of its nearby cycle complex by a Lefschetz-Verdier type formula.We compute the refined characteristic class as an intersection product on the logarithmic cotangent bundle of the variety, involving the characteristic cycle of the sheaf defined by Abbes and Saito and the zero section
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Thibault, Martin. "Une jeunesse ouvrière : sédimentation des identités sociales de jeunes ouvriers de la maintenance des trains à la RATP." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H029.
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Cette thèse, porte sur la jeunesse ouvrière aujourd'hui. A partir d'une enquête ethnographique approfondie et multiple (entretiens, observations, contacts informels, partage d'activités. . . ), j'ai essayé de comprendre, dans le temps, comment les identités sociales des jeunes ouvriers se façonnent avant d'entrer dans l'emploi public puis une fois qu'ils y entrent, dans l'atelier comme en dehors. Pour appréhender les enquêtés dans leur nuance et leur complexité, j'ai mêlé plusieurs champs de la sociologie : la sociologie du travail et de l'emploi mais aussi de l'école, de la culture. . . En inscrivant ce travail dans la durée, on se donne les moyens de comprendre comment les identités obéissent à des processus et se façonnent de manière singulière : des aspirations nourries lors du passage par l'école jusqu'aux premiers jours dans l'atelier, puis de la pérennité de la condition ouvrière jusqu'à des identités compensatrices permettant de dire qu'ils ne sont pas uniquement ouvriers, en tout cas pas comme la génération précédente. Leurs activités parallèles (cours du soir, musique, danse, vacances à l'UCPA. . . ) leur permettent, même s'ils se rendent compte qu'ils sont devenus ouvriers bien en-deça de ce qu'ils imaginaient, de pouvoir continuer à s'imaginer proches de ces classes moyennes souvent fantasmées dont ils n'ont, quand ils les ont côtoyé un certain temps à l'école, jamais totalement fait le deuil de ne pas faire partie. Cette situation révèle finalement un certain entre-deux qui questionne les représentations de la stratification sociale actuelleThis thesis focuses on today Young workers. Based on a thorough and multiple ethnographical investigation (interviews, observations, informal contacts, sharing of activities…), I’ve tried to sort out, in the long-term, how Young working-class social identities build themselves before joining public services and after they have integrated them, in and out of the factories. To understand the people I chose to interview within their specificity and complexity I mingled several sociology fields, which not only means work but also school, family, culture etc… Only an investigation within the long terme may help understand how identities obey to evolutions and take peculiar shapes : hopes developed throughout their scholarship until their very first days in the factories, then through the long-lasting working class condition to compensating identities that enable them to say they are not only workers, at least, not like the previous génération. Their parallel activities (evening class, music, dance, holidays with the UCPA…) help them considering themselves, even though they may some day realize they are not as qualified as the expected to be, familiar to this middle class they have often idealized and that they have never fully accepted not to be part of, when they have interacted with if for some time at school. This situation reveals a real ambiguity that questions the representations of social stratification that exist today
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Sykes, Peggy J. (Peggy Jean) Carleton University Dissertation History. "A history of the Ottawa Allied Trades and Labour Association 1897-1922; a study of working-class resistance and accommodation by the craft worker." Ottawa, 1992.
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Amin, Ali Rada. "BCR de classe IgA : signalisation de la cellule B normale et dans un contexte de lymphoprolifération." Limoges, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIMO4069.
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Afin de positionner des QTL de fertilité mâle, nous avons utilisé un ensemble de lignées interspécifiques, recombinantes et congéniques (IRCS). Nous avons positionné 8 QTL influençant les paramètres : poids testiculaire, et prostatique, morphologie et vitalité des spermatozoïdes. Nous avons ciblé notre étude sur une lignée IRCS portant un QTL impliqué dans une réduction du poids testiculaire, et une tératozoospermie sur le chromosome 11. L'analyse en cartographie fine nous a permis de proposer une région candidate de 4 gènes significativement exprimés dans le testicule. Par ailleurs, nous avons conduit une analyse du transcriptome testiculaire de trois lignées IRCS et des lignées parentales qui a montré comment des gènes spretus étaient régulés lorsqu'ils étaient introgressés dans un génome musculus. Cette étude nous a permis d'amorcer une réflexion sur la tolérance d'un génome vis-à-vis des flux de gènes entre espèces voisines dans la constitution d'un génome mosaïqueIn order to map new QTL regulating male fertility parameter, we analysed a set of Interspecific Recombinant Congenic strain. We mapped 8 QTL implicated in testis, development, prostate growth, sperm vitality and morphology. We performed fine mapping analysis of a QTL of reduced testis weight associated with teratozoospermia, localised on MMU11. We proposed a candidate locus encompassing four testis expressed gene. Moreover, in order to understand gene expression regulation in interspecific mosaic genome, we analysed testis transcriptome of three IRC strains compared with parental strains testis transcriptome. In this study, we describe how spretus genes are regulated when introgressed in musculus background. This study gives some insight concerning gene flow tolerance across the specie barrier during emergence of mosaic genome
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Hu, Haoyu. "Ramification et cycles proches pour les faisceaux ℓ-adiques sur un schéma au-dessus d'un trait." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01073249.
Full textAbstract:
Dans cette thèse, on étude le complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur un schéma au-dessus d'un trait en utilisant la théorie de ramification d'Abbes et Saito. La première partie est consacrée à une nouvelle preuve d'une formule de Deligne et Kato qui calcule la dimension du complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur une courbe relative lisse au-dessus d'un trait strictement local. Deligne a considéré le cas où le faisceau n'a pas de ramification verticale, et Kato a traité le cas général. Notre approche est basée sur une notion locale de cycle caractéristiquedéfinie grâce au conducteur de Swan raffiné d'Abbes et Saito. Dans la deuxième partie, on démontre une formule qui calcule le conducteur de Swan de la cohomologie du complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur une variété lisse au-dessus d'un trait d'égale caractéristique, vérifiant une certaine condition de ramification. Tsushima a introduit la classe caractéristique raffinée du faisceau et il a démontré qu'elle calcule le conducteur de Swan de la cohomologie du complexe de ses cycles proches par une formule du type Lefschetz-Verdier. On calcule la classe caractéristique raffinée comme un produit d'intersection sur le fibré cotangent logarithmique de la variété faisant apparaître le cycle caractéristique du faisceau défini par Abbes et Saito et la section nulle.
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Gaasch, Jean-Christoph Verfasser], Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] [Rässler, and Claus [Akademischer Betreuer] Carstensen. "Bayesian estimation of latent trait distributions considering hierarchical structures and partially missing covariate data / Jean-Christoph Gaasch ; Susanne Rässler, Claus Carstensen." Bamberg : Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147756945/34.
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Gaasch, Jean-Christoph [Verfasser], Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] Rässler, and Claus H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Carstensen. "Bayesian estimation of latent trait distributions considering hierarchical structures and partially missing covariate data / Jean-Christoph Gaasch ; Susanne Rässler, Claus Carstensen." Bamberg : Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147756945/34.
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Medawar, Lina El. "Étude de l'effet de la thérapeutique "Distal Active Concept" sur la croissance faciale : comparaisons des variations structurales entre trois échantillons de sujets de classe II : un groupe test de sujets non traités et deux groupes de sujets traités à des âges différents." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10236.
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La thérapeutique "Distal Active Concept" introduit de nouvelles séquences de traitement qui permettent une correction aisée de la classe II d'angle sans extractions orthodontiques et sans auxiliaire extra-orale, tout en créant un environnement faborable à l'expression de la croissance mandibulaire. Notre étude a pour but d'évaluer les changements squelettiques et dento-alvéolaires entre des sujets traités par la thérapeutique "Distal Active Concept" et des sujets non traités de classe II servant comme groupe contrôle. Une étude céphalométrique porte sur 444 patients répartis en denture mixte et en denture adolescente. [. . . ]
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Aubagnac, Stéphanie. "Identification et caractérisation fonctionnelle de gènes de prédisposition à la persistance virale et aux signes cliniques de la maladie démyélinisante induite par le virus de Theiler." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077250.
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Webster, Barbara Grace, and b. webster@cqu edu au. "'FIGHTING IN THE GRAND CAUSE':A HISTORY OF THE TRADE UNION MOVEMENT IN ROCKHAMPTON 1907 1957." Central Queensland University. School of Humanities, 1999. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20020715.151239.
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Research of a wide range of primary sources informs this work, including hitherto unstudied local union records, oral testimony, contemporary newspapers, government and employer reports. Conclusions reached in this dissertation are that while the founders of the local trade union movement shared a vision of improving the lot of workers in their employment and in the wider social context, and they
endeavoured to establish effective structures and organisation to this end, their efforts were of mixed success. They succeeded eminently in improving and protecting the employment conditions of workers to contemporary expectations through effective exploitation of political and institutional channels and through competent and conservative local leadership. However, the additional and loftier goal of creating a better life for workers outside the workplace through local combined union action were much less successful, foiled not only by overwhelming economic difficulties, but also by a local sense of working-class consciousness
which was muted by the particular social and cultural context of Rockhampton.
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Koch, Tim Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Wicke, Kay [Akademischer Betreuer] Raum, and Claus-Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] [Czerny. "Predicting the intramuscular fat content in porcine M. longissimus via ultrasound spectral analysis with consideration of structural and compositional traits / Tim Koch. Gutachter: Michael Wicke ; Kay Raum ; Claus-Peter Czerny. Betreuer: Michael Wicke." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1043719369/34.
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Desmeules, Amélie. "Différences sur le plan de la motivation au travail, de la capacité de résilience et du sentiment d'efficacité personnelle en classe et à l'école des enseignants débutants selon leur participation à des programmes d'insertion professionnelle offerts dans leurs commissions scolaires d'attache." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27195.
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Actuellement au Québec, le contexte d'insertion professionnelle en enseignement représente plusieurs défis pour les enseignants débutants, et ce, en raison de multiples causes (p.ex. la précarité et le manque de soutien). Résultat : près de 15 % à 20 % d'entre eux quitteront la profession dans les cinq premières années de leur carrière et cette statistique ne cesse d'augmenter. Pour remédier à la situation, l'une des solutions envisagées est la mise en place de programmes d'insertion professionnelle (PIP) par les commissions scolaires, lesquels offrent différentes mesures de soutien telles que du mentorat, des ateliers de formation et des réseaux d'entraide en ligne. Cela dit, les modalités de mise en place de ces programmes varient grandement d'un milieu à l'autre, et ce, autant en ce qui a trait aux services offerts qu'à l'admission des candidats. De plus, ceux-ci ne sont généralement évalués que de façon informelle par le milieu. On ne sait donc pas si les enseignants débutants qui y participent se distinguent réellement quant à leur persévérance dans le métier, laquelle repose notamment sur leur motivation au travail, leur capacité de résilience et leur sentiment d'efficacité personnelle (SEP) en classe et à l'école (Bandura, 1997, 2007; Bélair & Lebel, 2007; Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2002; Fernet, Sénécal, Guay, Marsh, & Dowson, 2008; Zacharyas & Brunet, 2012). Ce projet de recherche vise d'une part à mesurer les différences sur le plan de ces variables chez les enseignants débutants participant ou non à un PIP. D'autre part, il vise également à mesurer la prédiction de ces variables par les différentes mesures de soutien offertes dans les PIP chez ceux qui y participent pour constater leur contribution respective dans un PIP. Pour ce faire, une étude préexpérimentale a été menée auprès de 86 participants. À l'aide d'un questionnaire, la motivation au travail, la capacité de résilience et le SEP en classe et à l'école ont été mesurés afin de comparer les résultats du groupe d'enseignants participant à un programme à ceux n'y participant pas. Une MANCOVA a d'abord été conduite avec ces variables et trois variables contrôles « avoir pensé quitter » le milieu d'enseignement, « ordre d'enseignement » et « expérience d'enseignement » comme covariables. Des régressions linéaires multivariées ont ensuite été menées à partir des mesures de soutien. Aucun résultat significatif n'a été obtenu quant aux différences entre les participants en fonction de la participation à un PIP ce qui est représentatif des résultats obtenus dans d'autres recherches sur le sujet (Ingersoll & Strong, 2011). Aucun résultat significatif n'a été obtenu concernant la prédiction des variables d'intérêt par les mesures de soutien.
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Merrot, Pauline. "Géochimie, spéciation et mobilité des éléments traces métalliques (Fe, Ni, Cr et Mn) au sein des sédiments du lagon de Nouvelle-Calédonie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS551.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
La Nouvelle-Calédonie est formée sur 33% de son territoire de roches ultrabasiques enrichies en éléments traces métalliques (ETM) (Fe, Ni, Cr, Co et Mn). L’érosion de ces massifs représente une source importante de ces ETM vers le lagon, partiellement inscrit au patrimoine mondial par l’UNESCO pour sa biodiversité. La compréhension des cycles géochimiques de ces éléments toxiques apparaît donc essentielle pour évaluer les impacts possibles sur la biodiversité de cet écosystème. La spectroscopie d’absorption des rayons X a montré que la contribution des sulfures de fer est très faible, Ni et Fe sont portés par la goethite et les argiles. Ces derniers étant la phase majeure de ces deux éléments ont été identifiés comme du chrysotile, et des greens clays : une smectite (nontronite), un mica (glauconite) et une serpentine de type greenalite/berthierine. Le cycle des argiles joue donc un rôle majeur dans le cycle de Fe et de Ni mais aussi de Mn et dans une moindre mesure de Cr. La spéciation de Mn se partage entre les argiles et les carbonates alors que Cr est surtout porté par la goethite et la chromite hérité des massifs et en dernier par les argiles. Il est important de noter que Cr se trouve sous sa forme réduite correspondant à sa forme la moins toxique. L’absence de Cr(VI) est liée à l’absence des oxydes de Mn dans les sédiments, permettant de ne pas oxyder Cr(III) en Cr(VI). Enfin, les extractions chimiques montrent une biodisponibilité relativement faible de ces métaux à l’exception de Mn impliquant un piégeage efficace, limitant ainsi les impacts sur l’environnement même si les concentrations extraites sont loin d’être négligeables pour la biodiversité du lagonNew Caledonia is covered on 33% of ultramafic rocks enriched in trace metals elements (Fe, Ni, Cr, Mn and Co). The erosion of these massifs represents an important source of these trace metals towards the lagoon, partially registered on the World List Heritage by UNESCO for its biodiversity. Understanding the geochemical cycle of these toxic trace metals is essential to evaluate the potential impacts on the biodiversity of this ecosystem. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has shown that the contribution of iron sulfides is low, Ni and Fe are bearing by goethite and clays. These latter minerals representing the major phase for the Fe and Ni speciation were identified as chrysotile and green clays: a smectite (nontronite), a mica (glauconite) and a serpentine like a greenalite/berthierine. The clay minerals cycle and the green clay plays a major role in the Fe and Ni cycle, but also in Mn and to a lesser extent in the Cr cycles. The Mn speciation is shared by the clay minerals and the carbonates species whereas Cr is bearing by goethite and chromite inherited of laterite and in lesser extent by clay minerals. Cr is totally present under the reduced form which is the less toxic form. This absence of Cr(VI) is linked to the absence of Mn oxides in sediments avoiding the oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) and thus limits the impact on the environment. Finally, the chemical extractions of these metals show a relatively low bioavailability of trace metals except for Mn implying an effective long-term trapping for trace metals and thus limiting the environmental impacts even if the concentrations extracted are not negligible and can be threaten the biodiversity of the lagoon
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Santiago, Manuel. "Des métiers urbains au Cameroun : une analyse sociohistorique en termes de rapports sociaux." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG045.
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Cette thèse est construite en trois parties. La première est tout d’abord consacrée à une analyse réflexive de l’engagement ethnographique qui prend la rue comme terrain, et aux diverses formes de relation et de visibilité auquel conduit ce choix. Le cadre théorique et méthodologique affirme en particulier des positions méthodologiques et théoriques à l’égard de l’informalité. On y trouve également une acception élargie de la production, qui inclut les métiers urbains de service, ainsi que la nécessité d’étudier ensemble production et reproduction pour lire l’agencement des rapports sociaux. La seconde partie s’emploie à la reconstruction de la genèse de la division sociale du travail au Cameroun, dans un contexte colonial de « mise en valeur » et dans celui, postérieur à l’indépendance, des étapes de mutations économiques ayant affecté les logiques et formes de mise au travail des hommes et des femmes et produit une forme spécifique de séparation entre production et reproduction. En quatre périodes historiques, on y lit ainsi une généalogie des formes d’emplois urbains et des rapports sociaux qui les structurent, et tout particulièrement les rapports de sexe, de classe et de génération, inscrite dans le cadre du capitalisme global. Dans la troisième partie l’analyse du matériau empirique récolté pendant le travail de terrain et au-delà permet d’analyser les inégalités sociales à Yaoundé, de décrire des modes de vie et leurs difficultés matérielles et d’éclairer les stratégies pour faire face à la pauvreté. L’ethnographie révèle la division sociale du travail et des positions dans les métiers urbains, organisée autour de l’extorsion de surtravail sous forme de rente, sous diverses modalités, en une compétition forcenée, qui aboutit à reléguer les femmes et les enfants aux tâches de reproduction sociale, sans pour autant les écarter des tâches de production. Cette thèse de sociologie prend le parti d’inscrire l’analyse des métiers urbains dans une socio-histoire du capitalisme et de son implantation au Cameroun. Elle dépasse les catégories de travail formel / informel pour faire l’analyse matérialiste des formes de mise au travail articulée avec celle d’étudier ensemble, et non de façon dissociée, la production et la reproduction, à la lumière des rapports sociaux de sexe, de race, de classe et de génération. Cette thèse éclaire non seulement les rapports de domination et d’exploitation, mais aussi les formes de résistance et d’agencéité, au prisme de deux outils conceptuels qu’elle forge et enracine soigneusement : celui de régime libéral communautaire, et celui de rapport de rente d’exploitationThe research relates to urban workers in Cameroon. As part of a theoretical inquiry, the manner in which we produce was given a fresh approach, in a new conception of work. To that end, the author has moved away from the tenets of the sociology of work to consider the city as a unit of production of useful services. That made it possible to widen the analysis in terms of work relations and grasp the dynamics of conflict, domination and exploitation, and also of change in the activities covered. The analysis is focussed on the forms employed in urban trades in Cameroon, by showing their characteristics. The decision to give that examination a historical perspective has made it possible to show that some trades have acquired a structuring role in the urban relations of production in Cameroon. That is true of the taxi services trade, which occupies a hegemonic place. Without being anachronistic or ethnocentric, it would appear that this area of work plays the part played by small artisans in English urban centres during the emergence of industrial capitalism in that country as described so well by E.P. Thompson. With their collective industry institutions, these workers have had a structuring role in the transformation of relations with work, and have provided leadership in social struggles. This ethnographic study in Yaoundé took place in a social atmosphere of apparent stability. Indeed, from the people’s protest movements of ‘dead cities’ in the early 1990s to the ‘hunger riots’ in 2008, Cameroon was experiencing a situation of permanent insurrection. When the author toured the country in 2010, the protests seem to have died down. That was certainly a forced break, in the face of violent repression by the government. The field work was therefore carried out during that apparent lull in 2010-2011, 2012 and 2015.The aim was to study the issue of the work and social reproduction of urban workers in Cameroon. What are its forms and determinants ? How has it changed in the course of the years since the start of development under colonial rule up to the contemporary period of structural adjustment ? How do the people get organised when they are excluded from the system of ordinary law ? The author believes that to address those questions, it is of relevance to use a sociohistorical approach that articulates work relations of class, race, gender and also generation
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Candelon-Boudet, Frédéric. "Commander au long cours depuis la Guyenne : les capitaines de navire bordelais au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30033.
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L’activité du port de Bordeaux en plein essor au XVIIIe siècle est bien connue des historiens modernistes. Paradoxalement, les développements consacrés aux professionnels embarqués sur les gréements sont plus rares, alors qu’une telle étude a déjà été réalisée pour la capitale de la Guyenne à la fin du Moyen-âge. Parmi les « gens de mer » demeurés dans l’ombre, les capitaines de navire se démarquent à plus d’un titre. Par la charge symbolique mais aussi juridique que revêt la fonction, en premier lieu, dans le convoi des hommes et des marchandises au-delà des océans. Par le champ de compétences étendu que recouvre la profession, ensuite. Les commandants de bord doivent en effet non seulement être en capacité de piloter un bâtiment au long cours, mais en outre diriger un équipage bigarré, tout en versant dans le commerce au moment jugé le plus opportun. Les capitaines apparaissent ainsi comme des acteurs incontournables des échanges maritimes à l'époque moderne, cernés par un océan d’archives dont l’importance des fonds conservés à Bordeaux, en dépit des ravages du temps, rend parfaitement compte. Par les perspectives de mobilité sociale offertes par le métier, en dernier lieu. Affiliée aux négociants avec lesquels elle partage une même communauté de vues et de pratiques, contrôlant l’information, brouillant les pistes entre les acteurs de l’échange, la figure du « capitaine-géreur » placée à la tête des expéditions maritimes ou paradant parmi les cercles mondains révèle une confusion des genres pouvant induire des changements d’état. Il s’agit de déterminer si le négoce à temps plein constitue un horizon accessible puis pérenne, parmi d’autres opportunités de reconversion à portée du groupe. Alors que le commerce colonial et négrier assure la prospérité de la capitale de la Guyenne, c’est l’identité de la profession via sa capacité à se fondre parmi les élites urbaines qui questionne, de la Régence à la Révolution françaiseModern historians have good knowledge of the 18th century growth of Bordeaux harbour activity. But works about crew members are scarce while paradoxically such a study had already been led for the « Guyenne » capital as early as in the end of the Middle Ages. Ship commanders stand out from all other rather discreet socio-professional categories related to sailors for many reasons : first, because of the symbolical and legal dimension of their occupation which implies their responsibility whenever it comes to the transportation of men and goods ; secondly, because of their huge fields of expertise, like to be able to steer boats over long distance, to handle crews of dozens of members or to carry out commercial transactions ; last, but not least, because of the social mobility offered by their position. Highly documented in a rich archive collection kept and preserved in Bordeaux, captains have turned into key players of the maritime trade of the modern era. By frequently working and diverting themselves with traders and ship owners, they developed a trusting relationship with them. The question is to determine how this cooperation was shaped, and to know if trading or ship armament were possible career changes within the reach of captains, and if not, how they could integrate the urban elites at work under the « Ancien Régime ». When the colonial and slave trade ensured the Bordeaux harbour’s prosperity, it is the identity of the merchant navy ship commanders working from the capital of « Guyenne » that will be here studied, from the Regency to the French Revolution
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Syu, Fong-Jyun, and 許鳳君. "The personal traits‚humorous style and self-perception cerativity of humorous characters in junior class." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85vdwa.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
創造力發展碩士在職專班
103
Abstract This study aims to investigate the personal traits of humorous characters, their the humorous style and self-perception as well. Humorous characters are elected among peers. Semi-structured interview is conducted to gather date, and plus peers’ observation descriptions. The findings are stated belowthat the humorous characters are featured with being curious, playful, and easygoing. The humorous style can be categorized below:1.Image humor: Humorous characters have contagious laughter, strange accents, and exaggerated body languages. They feature impressively funny and humors images without special humorous actions.2.Impulse humor: Humorous characters have the tendency to make fun of others, to laugh at classmates, and to challenge authority or other people’s bottom line. These behaviors usually cause others’ unpleasantness and self-regret.3.Mediate humor: Humorous persons are characterized with great ability of observation. Instead of comforting, they take advantage of their humor to stabilize awkward situation. Usually, they make fun of themselves or create chance to make people laugh at him/herself by exaggerating.4. Perform humor: They are good at performing, imitating, disguising and joking. Humorous characters are experts in creating good atmosphere, daring to put him/herself on the spot, and turning embarrassing experiences into humorous materials. The self-perception creativity of humorous characters can be categorized below:1.Positive creativity: It is shown as an ability of reinterpretation, renovation, originality of thought and talent performing. Besides, they have the quality of making wit effects. 2.Negative creativity: It can be observed in renewing mocking languages.3.Unique and disoriented creativity: It is a capability of challenging authority, which could lead to positive or negative results.
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HSIUNG, CHI-CHU, and 熊娸竹. "A Study on Relation Between Teachers＇Personal Traits and Class Management in Tainan Junior High Schools." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91823038676664165385.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南臺科技大學
教育領導與評鑑研究所
105
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between class management and teachers personal traits in Tainan junior high schools. The research was conducted through a survey and "the scale of the teachers' personal traits and class management".The subjects were teachers in Tainan junior high schools. The total copies were sent out，and the valid were 283. In this study，the collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient. The main findings of this study were summarized as follows: 1.Teachers' personal traits in Tainan junior high schools are above average ,and especially they have a tendency of conscientiousness and agreeableness. 2.The class management of teachers in Tainan junior high schools is above the average ,and "classroom routine mangement "at best. 3.Teachers' personal traits in Tainan junior high schools is different from "gender", "seniority", "education" ,"age" , and "marriage". 4.The class management of teachers in Tainan junior high schools is different from "gender", "seniority", "education" ,"age" , and "marriage". 5.There were significant correlations between mentors＇personality traits and class management effectivess of junior high schools in Tainan junior high schools.
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Chang, Yaling, and 張雅玲. "The Study on the Relationship among Elementary School Teachers' Personality Traits, Teaching Innovation and Class Management Efficiency." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22022658895778637072.
Full textAbstract:
碩士靜宜大學
管理碩士在職專班
99
In recent years, due to the complex situation of students’ family backgrounds and the multi-developed values of the society, teachers have been increasing difficulty managing their classes. It is not an easy task for teachers to manage their classes well. Therefore, it is more important for teachers to own effective classroom management ability. The traditional model of classroom management is changing tremendously due to education reform. The application of innovative teaching model is getting acceptable by teachers, students, and students’ parents. This study is to discuss the influence of innovative teaching model and teachers’ personality on classroom management. The study is to discuss the relation among the elementary school teachers’ personality traits, teaching innovation, and classroom management efficiency. The study adopted questionnaire surveys, stratified random sampling, with 315 samples of all elementary school teachers in Changhua County. The research tool is the questionnaire survey “Elementary school teachers’ personality traits, teaching innovation, and classroom management efficiency.” The collected data were analyzed by SPSS with statistics methods, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, Sample linear regression model, and Descriptive statistics, to support this study. The results shown that among the personality traits of the teachers, emotional stability had negative influences on teaching innovation and classroom management efficiency. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness to experience had positive influences on teaching innovation and classroom management efficiency. Also, teaching innovation had positive influences on classroom management efficiency. Finally, based on the examination of this document and the conclusion of the experiment, suggestions for future researches were being proposed. Key Words: personality traits, teaching innovation, classroom management efficiency
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Wen, Hung Ya, and 洪雅雯. "The study on the the relationship between children personality traits, peer acceptance and class-climate perception in primary school." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01055581300810543901.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東師範學院
國民教育研究所
89
Abstract The study was to investigate the relationship between children personality traits, peer acceptance and class-climate perception in Pingtung primary school. The main purpose was to： 1.disscuss their difference in the aspect of class-climate perception due to children who come from different background(gender、school scale). 2.discuss their difference in the aspect of class-climate perception due to children who have different peer acceptance. 3.discuss their difference in the aspect of class-climate perception due to children who have different personality traits and peer acceptance. 4.discuss the predictability in the aspect of class-climate perception due to children who have different gender, school scale， personality traits and peer acceptance. The study employed questionnaire-survey method to collect data, and randomly sampled 754 children in 6th grade for the subjects. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, t-test,Chi-Square test, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. The main findings of this study are listed below: 1.The girls’ agreeableness and neuroticism are higher than the boys. 2.The boys’ extraversions are higher than the girls. 3.The children from the middle-scale school more agreeableness and conscientiousness than the children from the large-scale school and the small-scale school. 4.Obviously, the boys’ peer acceptances are apt to “refused” items. 5.In the aspect of peer acceptance, the children from small-scale school are apt to “welcomed” and “refused” items. 6.The “conflict perceptions” of the girls are higher than the those of boys. 7.The “welcomed” children are more “content” and “coherent” than “refused” children. 8.The children whose personality traits are “high friendly”, high intellect, high conscientiousness and low neuroticism are apt to positive class-climate perception. Based on the findings from the study, some suggestions are made for elementary-school administrators, elementary-school teachers and further researchers.
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Chang, Ching-Hui, and 張景惠. "The Relationship between Class Advisors’ Personality Traits and Classroom Management Effectiveness in Junior High School -An Example of Taoyuan County." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94226999807250668465.
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碩士銘傳大學
教育研究所碩士在職專班
93
The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between personality traits and classroom management effectiveness of class advisors in junior high school. The study first reviewed literatures regarding personality traits and classroom management effectiveness, and developed the theoretical framework as the basis of this study. Two instruments--Gordon Personality Inventory-A and Students of Junior High School Response Opinions Scale --are used to collect the empirical data for this study. 131 teachers and 786 students were randomly sampled from Taoyuan county’s junior high schools. Teachers responded to the instrument of "Gordon Personality Inventory-A," while students responded to the survey of "Students of Junior High School Response Opinions Scale.” The collected data was analyzed though the descriptive statistics and inferential statistical methods, such as t-test, one-way ANOVA, scheffé Method, Pearson''s Product-Moment Correlations. The conclusions of this research are as follows: 1. Significant differences are found in the variables of teachers'' gender, age, birth order, teaching field, length of assuming advisors and duration of being advisors for the same class on personality traits of advisors in junior high school. 2. There are significant differences in the variables of teachers'' gender, age, birth order, teaching field, length of assuming advisors and duration of being advisors for the same class on classroom management effectiveness of advisors in junior high school. 3. Advisors with different personality traits are found to have significant differences on classroom management effectiveness. 4. Advisors’ personality traits have significant correlations with their classroom management effectiveness. Based on the results of this study, suggestions are proposed for education administration institute, the teachers’ education institute, junior high school and future researches.
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Hsieh, Chiung-Wen, and 謝瓊雯. "A Study of Changhua Junior High School Students’ Personality traits,Learning Style,Class students’ behavior and Academic Achievement ;Computer Course." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25000522597549250229.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
工業教育與技術學系
98
Abstract The purpose of this research was to investigated the relation among personality traits, learning style, class students’behavior and academic achievement in Changhua County junior high schools. In order to achieve the research purpose, questionnaires were distributed to the second grade students in Changhua County public and private junior high schools. 716 questionnaires were handed out and 594 questionnaires were retrieved. Apart from the 6 invalid questionnaires, 588 were valid samples.The retrieval rate of valid questionnaires is 83%.Statistical methods such as canonical correlation and hierarchical regression were used to test on all kinds of hypothesis in the research. To sun it up, the results of the research were as the following: 1.Besides “neuroticism” in the personality traits, junior high school students in Changhua County who show slight inclination toward “extraversion”,agreeableness”, “openness”, and “conscientiousness”, perform better in class students’ behavior which include “class recognition”, “social interaction”, “job responsibility” and “self fulfillness”. 2.Besides “neuroticism” in the personality traits, junior high school students in Changhua County who show slight inclination toward“extraversion”, ”agreeableness”, “openness”,and “conscientiousness”,have better larning styles which include “Sensing-Feeling”, “Sensing-Thinking”,“Intuitive-Thinking”,and “Intuitive-Feeling”. 3.Junior high school students in Changhua County demonstrated the significant effect of correlation between their personality traits and academic achievement. 4.Junior high school students in Changhua County who show progress in class students’ behavior also show improvement in learning style. 5.Junior high school students in Changhua County demonstrated a strong correlation between their learning styles and academic achievement. 6.The class students’ behavior and academic achievement of junior high school students in Changhua County show the significant correlation. 7.The class students’ behavior of junior high school students in Changhua County has no mediating effect toward their personality traits and academic achievement. 8.The learning style of junior high school students in Changhua County has complete mediation toward their personality traits and academic achievement. Finally,according to the documentary analysis,research discovery and conclusion,the researcher would be able to share related suggestions with future learners,teaching staff and those conducting follow up research studies. This may be a reference for junior high school computer teachers or relevant educators who want to improve students’ academic chievement.
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Yu, Chi-Cheng, and 余志呈. "A Study of Relationship between Personality Traits and Career Self-efficacy among Senior High School Athetic Class Students in Taipei." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hcgujc.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
技術及職業教育研究所
100
In recent years, athletic classes have been widely set up in the senior and vocational high schools in Taipei city. Up to 2011 school years, athletic classes had taken up 27.87% of the whole senior and vocational high schools in Taipei. As the students in athletic classes have received special athletic trainings, they show more personality traits when compared with regular students, e.g. more confidence, and anxiety disposal strategy. However, career development planning is also formulated during this stage. The purpose of this research is to carry out discussions on the difference of personal traits and career self-efficacy of students of different background in the senior and vocational high schools in Taipei, and to analyze on the effect of personal traits on career self-efficacy. The research of「personal traits」adopts the Five Factors Model, while「Career Self-efficacy」refers to the six factors of self-efficacy. This research adopts the approach of questionnaires, and the data are analyzed with SPSS software, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation and regression analysis. The conclusions of this research were as following: 1. On aspect of personal traits:「extraversion」 personal traits rank the first, and「conscientiousness」comes second. This is nicely in line with the sport characteristics of students in athletic classes. 2. On aspect of career self-efficacy:「Ability and personality assessment」 ranks the first, and「career information collection」comes second. Both of them are above the overall average level. 3. There are remarkable differences on the cognition of 「personal traits」 and「career self-efficacy」 for athletic students of different gender, grade and feat. 4. There is positive correlation between the athletic students’ personal traits and career self-efficacy.
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Sun, Ai-Ni, and 孫愛霓. "A Study of Internal-External Control Personality Traits, Teaching Self-Efficacy and Job Satisfaction for Elementary Teachers as Class Masters." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29777043529406324143.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
教育專業發展研究所碩士在職專班
98
The main purposes of this study were to explore (1) the differences of background variables and internal-external control personality traits between teaching self-efficacy and job satisfaction among elementary teachers as class masters; (2) the relationship between teaching self-efficacy and job satisfaction; and (3) the prediction of inter-nal-external control personality traits and teaching self-efficacy to job satisfaction. In this study, a questionnaire survey was used to examine 542elementary teachers who were as class masters in the central of Taiwan, including Taichung county, Taichung city, Changhwa county, Nantou county. This questionnaire contained four parts: Internal-External Control Personality Traits Scale (24 items), Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale (28 items), Job Satisfaction Scale (26 items), and personal information (gender, marital status, education level, years of service, teaching grade and school size). ANOVA, t-test, canonical correlation, and regression were used for analyzing the col-lected data. The main results were as follows: 1. The elementary teachers who were also class masters have high level of teaching self-efficacy and job satisfaction, and most of them tended to be internal control. 2. Regarding teaching self-efficacy, no significant differences showed on gender, educa-tion level and teaching grade. However, there were significant differences on inter-nal-external control personality traits, marital status, years of service and school size. 3. Regarding job satisfaction, there were no significant difference on gender, education level and teaching grade. But there were significant differences on internal-external control personality traits, marital status, years of service and school size. 4. The teaching self-efficacy significantly correlated with job satisfaction, and showed a positive relation. 5. The most effective predictor in teaching effectiveness for job satisfaction was ‘teach-ing evaluation’ and ‘teaching materials’. However the most effective predictor in internal-external control personality traits for job satisfaction was ‘external control personality trait’.
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Wang, Ai-Huei, and 王愛惠. "A study on the traits of elementary school role model mentor teachers and their competence in math instruction and class management." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6juy68.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北教育大學
數學暨資訊教育學系(含數學教育碩士班)
98
This study examines the traits of elementary school role model mentor teachers and their competence in math instruction and class management. Employing the qualitative research method in order to cooperate with the research subjects at site, this project collects data from two major sources. First, in-depth interviews and documents provided by interviewees; second, in-depth interviews, teaching observation, and classroom observation. This research discovered that the traits of mentor teachers are a passion for education, a sense of mission in the continuation of education, positive attitude, respect and listening to mentees’ suggestions, encouragement, and warmth and care to mentees. In addition, mentor teachers can stand in the students’ shoes to understand their difficulties. When mentoring, mentor teachers can also stand in mentees’ shoes to understand their needs and difficulties. Instructing mathematics requires the capacity to plan mentoring programs, and related knowledge in mathematics teaching to conduct mentorship in accordance with the schedule of the internship mentoring plan. The instruction of mentees in class management requires related knowledge in class management, and the capacity of evaluating whether mentees can participate in classroom practice.
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Yang, Yun-Chen, and 楊昀真. "The intension of self-investment as influenced through personality traits, personal values, social class perception and normative evaluation as integrated perspective." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cd5zmb.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺中科技大學
企業管理系事業經營碩士班
102
The primary goal of this research is to discuss the relationship between personality traits and the intension for self-investment from the perspective of psychology and sociology. By integrating the constructs of personality traits, personal value, social class perception and normative evaluation, the study explores the factors that affect the probability for self-investment. For sampling collection, the research used the tool of online survey. A total of 309 admissible questionnaires were returned. Factor analysis, regression analysis and analysis of variance were used to validate the hypothesis furthermore. The results of the research show, that personality traits, personal values, social class perception and normative evaluation have a major impact on the probability for people to self-invest or not. In addition, the findings also indicate that the probability of self-investment is significantly different based on age-groups, social-status, income-levels and educational-backgrounds.
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Li, Ya Luen, and 李雅倫. "A Study on the Relationship among Personality Traits and Class Management Efficacy of the Elementary School Homeroom Teachers in Changhua County." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95696611687677428586.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
商業教育學系
101
Abstract The main purpose of the study is to understand the current status,difference and correlation of personality traits and class management efficacy of the elementary school homeroom teachers in Changhua county.The predictive power of personality traits over class management efficacy is also examined. The study uses the survey research as a research method.A total of 405 questionnaires were distribued,focusing on public elementary school homeroom teachers in Changhua county as the respondent subjects.There were 391 valid questionnaires out of 397 questionnaires rturned,resulting in the response rate of 98.02% and encompasses the descriptive statistical analysis,t-test,ANOVA analsis,Pearson correlation analysis,and multiple regression analysis.Based on the findings of this study,the following conclusions are reached: 1. Among the dimensions of personality,the homeroom teachers had highest average score in agreeablness,followed by conscientiousness,and the lowest in extraversion. 2. Among the dimensions of class management efficacy,the homeroom teachers had highest average score in classroom atmosphere,followed by environment planning,and the lowest in teaching quality. 3. Age,location of school and size of school cause elementary school homeroom teachers in Changhua county to have different perspectives on personality traits,while gender,marital status and education do not have an influence on the perspective. 4. Gender,age,marital status and size of school cause elementary school homeroom teachers in Changhua county to have different perspectives on class management efficacy,while education and location of school do not have an influence on the perspective. 5. The personality traits of elementary school homeroom teachers in Changhua county are positively and significantly related to class management efficacy. 6. The personality traits of elementary school homeroom teachers in Changhua county are able to generate testable predictions for class management efficacy. Lastly,the study attempted to provide data summaries and recommendations that could be used by education agencies,schools, elementary school homeroom teachers as well as a basis for future research efforts. Key Word：elementary school homeroom teachers, personality traits, class management efficacy
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Cheng, Yu Chuan, and 鄭幼鵑. "A correlation study of personality traits, cellphone use habits, and the effects of classroom rules on in-class concentration of college students." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z7crjn.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺北市立大學
心理與諮商學系心理與諮商教學碩士學位班
105
The purpose of this study is to establish the relationship between the personality traits, cellphone use habits, classroom rules, and in-class concentration of university students in Taiwan. Furthermore, this study will examine the effectiveness of university students' cellphone habits and classroom rules towards predicting their in-class concentration. The study was conducted with three questionnaires: a Personality Trait Questionnaire, a partially edited Cellphone Use and Classroom Rules Questionnaire, and an edited In-class Concentration Questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed electronically over the Internet, with a total of 380 valid responses, which underwent descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis, to produce the following conclusions: 1.The personality traits of university students in Taiwan showed the highest agreeableness and the lowest neuroticism. 2. For the frequency of cellphone use in class by university students in Taiwan, the most common response was "sometimes", mostly at 10-20 minutes of phone use per class. 3. In terms of the mentality of phone use by university students in class, the greatest proportion of students saw their phone as a tool,while fewer of them use their phones for entertainment purposes. 4. When the instructor strictly forbids the use of cellphones in class, most university students in Taiwan would put their cellphones away. 5. University students' in-class concentration was the highest for " Movement ", and lowest for " Duration ". 6. There is a significant correlation between the personality traits, cellphone use habits, classroom rules, and in-class concentration of university students in Taiwan. 7. The personality traits, cellphone use habits, and classroom rules of university students in Taiwan can predict their in-class concentration.
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HSIAO, CHUN-CHUN, and 蕭淳純. "A Study on the Influence of Teachers’ Leadership Styles, Personality Traits and IT Application on Class Management Effectiveness in Junior High School." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88481069410684408121.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元培醫事科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
104
This study explores the influence of teachers’ leadership styles, personality traits and IT application on class management effectiveness in junior high schools, through which factors affecting the management effectiveness will be found out and can be effectively executed in later practices so as to enhance class management effectiveness. With junior high school teachers as the research subjects, this study conducted empirical analysis through questionnaire to probe into the relevance between teachers’ leadership styles, personality traits and IT application and class management effectiveness. 100 questionnaires were given out, among which 92 were successfully collected. After ANOVA and t test analysis, the result shows that there are 4 leadership styles (goal orientation type, stable and conservative type, considerate and supportive type and creative and adapting type) and 5 personality traits (Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion and Openness) that are relevant to class management effectiveness. Moreover, the higher degree information technology is applied to the class, the more positive the effect on management effectiveness will be. Therefore, class management effectiveness can be improved in an obvious manner if teachers can appropriately make use of the above 4 leadership styles, 5 personalities and IT application.
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CHUANG, SHU-HSIANG, and 莊淑翔. "The Study of Relationships among Music Learning Motivation, Personality Traits and Dependence for Music Class Students of Junior High Schools in Chiayi City." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k5edwa.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南華大學
文化創意事業管理學系
106
The study has explored the relationships among music learning motivation, personality traits and instrument dependence for music class students.The study objects were 280 students of music class drawn from three junior high schools in Chiayi City.The research instruments used in this study were questionnaires named Personality Trait Scale, Learning Motivation Scale, and Instrument Dependence Scale.Methodologies of descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were applied.The results of the study indicated that music learning motivation has a positive impact on the instrument dependence. The personality traits have a positive impact on the music learning motivation.The personality traits have a positive impact on the music dependence.
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Chen, Chien-Hsin, and 陳建欣. "A Study on Homeroom Teachers Personality Traits and Class Management Effectiveness at Tourism and Hospitality group of General and Vocational Senior High Schools in Taipei City." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u2bn9w.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
技術及職業教育研究所
105
The research aims to investigate the current situation of homeroom teachers personality traits and class management effectiveness among the tourism and hospitality group of general and vocational high schools in Taipei City, to discover the the difference of different variables of teacher’s for Personality Traits, and to further explore the relevance between varied personality traits and class management effectiveness. The study was conducted via self-structured questionnaire and subjects who had been homeroom teachers of tourism and hospitality group of general and vocational senior high schools in Taipei City. 286 questionnaries were distributed and 256 copies returned with effective recovery rate of 89.5%. Analyzing the received data by descriptive statistics, one-sample T-test, independent sample T-test,one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis, significacant results showed as followed: 1. “Personality taits” is high among study samples, and the score of “agreeableness” ranks the highest, along with “extraversion”、“conscientiousness” and “emotional stability,” the score of “openness” ranks the lowest. 2. “Class management effectiveness” is high among study samples, and the scores of “student-teacher interaction” ranks the highest, along with “teaching efficiency”、 “classroom atmosphere” and “parent-teacher relationship,” the score of “class regulations” ranks the lowest. 3. “Marital status” makes a remarkable difference in “openness” and “emotional stability” among the “personality traits” of the research subjects. In respect of “openness,” single teachers rank strikingly higher than married teachers; in respect of “emotional stability,” the outcome is opposite. 4. “Age” makes a remarkable difference in “agreeableness” and “emotional stability” among the “personality traits” of the research subjects. In respect of “agreeableness,” teachers aged 31-40 rank strikingly higher than those who aged 41-50; in respect of “emotional stability,” the outcome is opposite . 5. “Homeroom-teacher’s seniority” makes a remarkable difference in “agreeableness” 、“emotional stability” and “conscientiousness”among the “personality traits” of the research subjects. In respect of “agreeableness,” teachers with 6-10 years of experience rank strikingly higher than those with 11-15 years of experience; in respect of “emotional stability,” teachers with over 21 years of experience rank strikingly higher than those with 6-10 years of experience; in respect of “conscientiousness,” teachers with over 21 years of experience rank strikingly higher than those with less than 10 years of experience. 6. “Number of tourism and hospitality class” makes a remarkable difference among the “personality traits” of the research subjects. In general, teachers of schools with over 30 classes rank strikingly higher in “agreeableness” and “extraversion” than those of schools with less than 30 classes. 7. “Personality traits” makes a significant difference among the “class management effectiveness” of the research subjects. In respect of “overall class management effectiveness”, homeroom teachers with “emotional stability” rank strikingly higher than those with “extraversion.” In respect of “classroom atmosphere,” homeroom teachers with “conscientiousness” and “emotional stability” rank strikingly higher than those with “agreeableness.” In respect of “teaching efficiency,” homeroom teachers with “conscientiousness” and “emotional stability” rank strikingly higher than those with “extraversion.” In respect of “parent-teacher relationship,” homeroom teachers with “conscientiousness” rank strikingly higher than those with “extraversion.”
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Mathews, Shirley Jane. "A search for creative class trail user experiences along the katy trail." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10106/997.
Full text
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CHEN, SHIH-FANG, and 陳世芳. "Study of Relatioships among Teacher Personality Trait, Class Management and Student Learning Achievement – An Example of Elementary School in Hsinchu City." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9qudbh.
Full textAbstract:
碩士明新科技大學
管理研究所碩士在職專班
107
The objective of this study is to explore the relationships among teacher personality traits, class management strategies and student grade achievement in the elementary school. The questionaire, named “Elementary School Teacher Personality and Class Management Strategies”, was proposed by reviewing associated literatures. The subjects were chosen from homeroom teachers of the elementary school in Hsin Chu City at 107 academic years. Experiment data were analyzed to prove research hypetheses according to descriptive Statistics, T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and Regression Analysis. The research result showed the findings as follows: 1.The personality of homeroom teachers in the elementary school got higher tendency at agreeableness and conscientiousness. 2.Homeroon teachers in the elementary school outperformed in class management strategies, especially in class administrative work strategies. 3.There were significant differences between the personality and class management strategies for homeroom teachers of the elementary school. 4.In the personality for homeroom teachers of the elementary school, the openness、extraversion、agreeableness and conscientiousness contained low to moderate positive correlation with class management strategies. 5.The extraversion got low correlation with student grade achievement in the personality for homeroom teachers of the elementary school. 6.There were low correlation with student grade achievement at class environment management、class teach activities、class administrative work 、interpersonal relationship management and parents-teachers corperation. 7.The openness、extraversion、agreeableness、conscientiousness of personality had low and positive predictive aspect at class management strategies in the homeroom teachers of the elementary school. 8.The extraversion of personality for homeroom teachers in elementary school had low predictive aspect with student learning achievement. 9.The interpersonal relationship and parents-teachers corperation in class management strategies had low predictive aspect with student learning achievement for homeroom teachers of the elementary school. Conclutionly, several substantial suggestions were provided for school administrative units、teachers and future researchers.
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MacDonald, Kevin. "Les relations entre les caractéristiques socioprofessionnelles, les connaissances, les représentations et les contenus d’enseignement traités en classe par les enseignants responsables d’éducation relative au VIH/SIDA en Afrique du Sud." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12437.
Full textAbstract:
Il est généralement admis que l’éducation constitue une des stratégies les plus efficaces
pour lutter contre le VIH/SIDA et diminuer sa transmission (Gallant et Matika-Tyndale,
2004). À cet effet, plusieurs pays d’Afrique subsaharienne ont inclus des programmes
d’éducation au VIH/SIDA dans leur curriculum scolaire afin de contrer l’épidémie (ADEA,
2007). Cependant, l’efficacité de ces programmes éducatifs demeure incertaine. Par exemple,
les objectifs des programmes éducatifs, tels que la transmission de connaissances relatives au
VIH/SIDA, ou la diminution des comportements sexuels risqués, ne sont pas toujours atteints
(Matika-Tyndale, 2009; Oshi, D., Nakalema, S. et Oshi, L, 2005).
Le succès d’un programme de lutte et de prévention en milieu scolaire peut être lié aux
contenus d’enseignement traités en classe par les enseignants (Ahmed et al., 2009). Les
contenus traités dépendent en partie des représentations et des connaissances des enseignants
par rapport au(x) sujet(s) qu'ils enseignent et pour des sujets aussi délicats que le VIH/SIDA et
la sexualité, cette relation est particulièrement importante. Par exemple, en Afrique du Sud,
malgré l’existence d’une politique nationale sur le VIH et l’inclusion des sujets relatifs au
VIH/SIDA dans le curriculum scolaire, la mise en oeuvre du programme de lutte et de
prévention peut être compromise par la résistance des enseignants à parler de certains sujets
controversés (Ahmed et al. 2009; Mathews et al., 2006).
Notre étude, menée dans la région de Cape Town en Afrique du Sud, visait à mieux
comprendre les relations entre les caractéristiques socioprofessionnelles des enseignants, leurs
connaissances, leurs représentations à l’égard de l’éducation relative au VIH/SIDA et les
contenus d’enseignement abordés dans le cours life-orientation dédié à l’éducation relative au
VIH/SIDA.
Au total, 71 enseignants du cours life-orientation provenant de 18 écoles secondaires ont
participé à cette étude. Les enseignants ont rempli un questionnaire portant sur leurs
caractéristiques socioprofessionnelles (âge, genre, expérience d’enseignement, niveau
enseigné et expérience personnelle avec le VIH/SIDA), leurs connaissances, différentes
composantes de leurs représentations (attitudes, norme sociale perçue et contrôle
comportemental perçu) et les contenus d’enseignement qu’ils abordent en classe.
iv
Les résultats des analyses des données ainsi recueillies montrent que la norme sociale
perçue est la seule composante des représentations reliée aux contenus d’enseignement
abordés en classe par l’enseignant. Les attitudes des enseignants envers l’éducation relative au
VIH/SIDA sont plutôt favorables, mais plusieurs d’entre eux manifestent des lacunes par
rapport à leurs connaissances sur les modes de transmission et de prévention du VIH/SIDA.
Par ailleurs, plusieurs croient que le manque de formation et le manque de matériel sont des
obstacles à leur enseignement. Les expériences personnelles avec le VIH/SIDA sont associées
à des attitudes plus positives chez les enseignants et l’expérience d’enseignement du cours
life-orientation est reliée aux connaissances relatives au VIH/SIDA et au contrôle
comportemental perçu de l’enseignant. Nos résultats suggèrent également que certains
contenus d’enseignement spécifiques de l’éducation relative au VIH/SIDA, tel que l’utilisation
des condoms, semblent être particulièrement controversés et source de malaise pour les
enseignants. Nos résultats donnent également des pistes de recherches futures s’intéressant à
l’amélioration de l’enseignement relatif au VIH/SIDA, notamment au sujet du besoin de
formation et de matériel pédagogique supplémentaire, ainsi qu’au sujet de l’influence des
membres de la société sur l’enseignement effectué en classe. Notre recherche montre
également l’importance de distinguer, en recherche, les différents contenus d’enseignement,
plutôt que de considérer de façon globale l’éducation relative au VIH/SIDA.It is generally accepted that education is one of the most effective ways to fight against HIV and reduce its transmission (Gallant et Matika-Tyndale, 2004). Many African countries have thus included HIV/AIDS related topics in school curricula, in hopes of countering the epidemic (ADEA, 2007). However, the efficiency of HIV/AIDS related education programs remains uncertain, as certain programs do not seem to succeed in increasing students’ knowledge of HIV/AIDS (Oshi et al., 2005) or changing their behavior (Matika-Tyndale, 2009). In this regard, several studies show that teachers are key players in determining the success of program implementation (Mathews et al., 2006). Studies show that teachers responsible for HIV/AIDS education sometimes feel fear and discomfort with certain topics, which can seem contradictory to their own values and beliefs (Ahmed et al., 2009; Mathews et al., 2006). For example, in South Africa, despite a national policy on HIV and the inclusion of topics related to HIV / AIDS in the life-orientation learning area, implementation of such subjects may be compromised by resistance from teachers to talk about certain topics (Mathews et al., 2006; Ahmed et al., 2009). Our study was designed to gain a greater understanding of the relationships between South African life-orientation teachers’ personal and psychosocial characteristics and their teaching practices. The investigated characteristics include age, gender, teaching experience, level taught, personal experience with HIV/AIDS as well as teacher knowledge, attitudes, perceived social norms and perceived behavioral control. In total, 71 questionnaires were completed and returned (44 % response rate) from 18 secondary schools. Perceived social norm proved to be the only psychosocial characteristic associated with teaching practices. Teachers had generally positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS education, although knowledge gaps and lack of training, material and resources were problems for many of them. Personal experience with HIV/AIDS was associated with more positive attitudes amongst teachers, and years of experience teaching life-orientation was associated with higher levels of HIV/AIDS knowledge and perceived behavioral control. Our findings show that HIV/AIDS education is vi not a value-free experience and support the need for ongoing teacher training and additional materials for teachers. Furthermore, our findings highlight the importance of studying HIV/AIDS related topics individually and suggest that HIV/AIDS interventions should also focus on dialogue between schools, teachers and community members, and the impact of social norm on teaching practices.
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Walker, Melissa. "On Their Own: The Single Woman, Feminism, and Self-Help in British Women's Print Culture (1850-1900)." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3581.
Full textAbstract:
Cultural and historical accounts of self-help literature typically describe its development and focus in terms of the autonomous, public male subject of the nineteenth century. This literary study recognizes that as masculine self-help discourse became widely accessible in the mid nineteenth century, mid-Victorian feminist novels, periodicals, and tracts developed versions of self-help that disrupted the dominant cultural view that the single female was helpless and “redundant” if she did not become a wife and mother. I argue that the dual focus of Victorian self-help discourse on the ability to help oneself and others was attractive for Victorian feminist writers who needed to manipulate the terms of the domestic ideal of woman as influential helpmeet, if women’s independence and civic duty were to be made culturally palatable.
Chapter One focuses on how Dinah Mulock Craik drew on self-help values popularized in mid-century articles and collective biographies by Samuel Smiles, while rejecting the genre of biography for its invasiveness into female lives. By imagining a deformed single artist heroine in the context of her 1851 bildungsroman, Olive, Craik highlighted and contested the objectification of women within Victorian culture while reproducing other forms of female difference based on dominant constructions of class, sexuality, and race. Chapter Two extends formal and thematic considerations of self-help discourse to a comparison of masculine colonial accounts of class-climbing and the projection of a self-reliant, yet deeply unstable, domestic female by Maria Rye and the Female Middle-Class Emigration Society. Chapter Three exerts critical pressure on the tension between individual and mutual help by charting the debate that raged between liberal individualism and collectivism in the labour movement, particularly in The Women’s Union Journal. Returning to a focus on the binary of female aberrance and normalcy within Victorian culture, Chapter Four analyzes late-century case studies of nervous illnesses alongside Ella Hepworth Dixon’s 1894 New Woman novel that promoted self-help for women as desirable yet unattainable in a society still largely structured around the domestic ideal. At its broadest, this dissertation explores points of convergence and departure between Victorian masculine and feminine self-help texts, and touches on reverberations of this Victorian discourse in today’s self-help works directed at women in Western culture.
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Wessels, Johan Andries. "Decadence and resilience : a study of the aristocratic novel in English in the twentieth century." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16466.
Full textAbstract:
The aristocratic novel in the twentieth century depicts the successes and failures of the aristocracy's efforts to come to terms with the social realities brought about by contemporary egalitarianism. Although several of the novels discussed are written by aristocrats, the aristocratic novel as such refers to novels about the aristocracy as a social grouping. Seven authors are selected to represent fictional treatment of a class in crisis, struggling between decadence and resilience: V. Sackville-West, Evelyn Waugh, Nancy Mitford, Elizabeth Bowen, Molly
Keane, L.P. Hartley and Emma Tennant. Sackville-West faces and chronicles the inevitable decay of her class, yet cannot refrain from mourning its gracious past. To her, the manor house symbolizes an ancient idyllic symbiosis
between aristocrat and worker. To Evelyn Waugh, the aristocracy embodies the finest achievements of inherited English culture. He regards its decline as the crumbling of Christian civilization itself. Resilience against the rising proletariate lies in faith and a chivalrous other-worldliness associated with the old Catholic aristocracy. Mitford uses comedy to defend the ideals of service and honour which she sees undermined by vulgarity and mercantilism. She resists her opponents with lethal swipes of raillery. Bowen and Keane deal with the decline of the Irish Protestant Ascendancy. The heirs of the ascendancy have to cope with the paralysing bequest of a more vital past. Ironically, resilience lies in breaking with their heritage. Hartley appears to criticize the class structure, but his work reveals a fascination for the captivating myth of patrician life. Tennant, representing an aristocracy which has profited from the resurgence of wealth in Thatcherite Britain, is unsparingly caustic on the condition of her class. Her satiric writing presents an ethical resurgence that goes beyond the mere financial recovery of her society. The genre examined suggests a primal need among urbanized citizens for the myth of an heroic order. In the finest aristocratic novels, admiration for an imitable superior order is used to rally a consciousness of a venerable ethical establishment. What is threatened or lost is not merely wealth and
privilege, but aristokratos - government by the best.English Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (English)