Journal articles on the topic 'Class of 1998'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Class of 1998.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Class of 1998.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Keizer, J., Y. X. Li, S. Stojilković, and J. Rinzel. "InsP3-induced Ca2+ excitability of the endoplasmic reticulum." Molecular Biology of the Cell 6, no. 8 (August 1995): 945–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.6.8.945.
Full textAbstract:
Oscillations in intracellular Ca2+ can be induced by a variety of cellular signalling processes (Woods et al., 1986; Berridge 1988; Jacob et al., 1988) and appear to play a role in secretion (Stojilković et al., 1994), fertilization (Miyazaki et al., 1993), and smooth muscle contraction (Iino and Tsukioka, 1994). Recently, great progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms involved in a particular class of Ca2+ oscillation, associated with the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) (Berridge, 1993). Working in concert with intracellular Ca2+, InsP3 controls Ca2+ release via the InsP3 receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Berridge and Irvine, 1989). The IP3 receptor is regulated by its coagonists InsP3 and Ca2+, which both activate and inhibit Ca2+ release (Finch et al., 1991; Bezprozvanny et al., 1991; De Young and Keizer, 1992). These processes, together with the periodic activation of Ca2+ uptake into the ER, have been identified as key features in the mechanism of InsP3-induced Ca2+ oscillations in pituitary gonadotrophs (Li et al., 1994), Xenopus laevis oocytes (Lechleiter and Clapham, 1992; Atri et al., 1993), and other cell types (Keizer and De Young, 1993). Earlier discussions and models of InsP3-induced Ca2+ oscillations focused on the nature and number of internal releasable pools of Ca2+ (Goldbeter et al., 1990; Swillens and Mercan, 1990; Somogyi and Stucki, 1991), the importance of oscillations in InsP3 (Meyer and Stryer, 1988), and other issues not based on detailed experimental findings in specific cells types.
2
Palomaki, Mary Beth, Robin L. Chazdon, J. Pablo Arroyo, and Susan G. Letcher. "Juvenile tree growth in relation to light availability in second-growth tropical rain forests." Journal of Tropical Ecology 22, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467405002968.
Full textAbstract:
Light is a key environmental factor limiting growth and survival of trees in the subcanopy of wet tropical forests (Davies 2001, Thomas 1996). Light availability varies both vertically and horizontally and affects tree height, crown shape and tree architecture (Bongers & Sterck 1998, Sterck & Bongers 2001, Sterck et al. 1999) in addition to growth and survival (Clark & Clark 1992, 2001). Although many studies of tree seedlings and saplings have shown that growth varies significantly with light availability in tropical wet forests (Clark et al. 1993, Iriarte & Chazdon 2005, King 1991, Kohyama 1991, Montgomery & Chazdon 2002, Oberbauer et al. 1988, 1993; Poorter & Werger 1999, Sterck et al. 1999, Welden et al. 1991), few studies have examined these relationships in size classes above 5 cm dbh (Sterck 1999). King et al. (2005) found that annual increment growth of trees in the 8–20-cm dbh size class in two Asian forests was positively dependent on an index of crown light interception, but no direct measurements of light availability were taken in this study. Due to logistical challenges, few direct measurements of light environments above tree crowns have been made in tropical forests (Sterck & Bongers 2001). To our knowledge, no measurements have been made in second-growth forests.
3
Sentelhas, Paulo C., and Marcos V. Folegatti. "Class A pan coefficients (Kp) to estimate daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo)." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 7, no. 1 (April 2003): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-43662003000100018.
Full textAbstract:
The class A pan coefficient (Kp) has been used to convert pan evaporation (ECA) to grass-reference evapotranspiration (ETo), an important component in water management of irrigated crops. There are several methods to determine Kp values, using wind speed, relative humidity and fetch length and conditions. This paper analyses the following methods to estimate Kp values: Doorenbos & Pruitt (1977); Cuenca (1989); Snyder (1992); Pereira et al. (1995); Raghuwanshi & Wallender (1998); and FAO/56 (Allen et al., 1998). The estimated values of Kp and the observed Kp, obtained from the relationship between ETo measured in a weighing lysimeter and ECA measured in a class A pan, were compared by regression analysis. The same routine was adopted to evaluate ETo estimates with the different Kp values. The results showed that all methods to estimate Kp did not predict it well, with low correlation (R²< 0.2), which resulted in estimates of ETo with high dispersion (R²< 0.8). The best Kp methods to estimate ETo were Pereira et al. (1995) and Cuenca (1989), both presenting high efficiency. The use of an arbitrary and constant Kp (0.71) to estimate ETo, produced the same precision and accuracy as the estimates of Kp based on Pereira and Cuenca methods. This fixed value is a practical and simple option to convert ECA into ETo, but this value must be calibrated for each place under different climatic conditions.
4
Yelvington, Kevin A. "Trinidadian capitalism." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 73, no. 3-4 (January 1, 1999): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002580.
Full textAbstract:
[First paragraph]Capitalism: An Ethnographic Approach. DANIEL MILLER. Oxford: Berg, 1997. x + 357 pp. (Cloth £39.00, Paper £17.99)Women, Labour and Politics in Trinidad and Tobago: A History. RHODA E. REDDOCK. London: Zed, 1994. vi + 346 pp. (Cloth £39.95, Paper £15.95)Despite the underdeveloped state of the scholarship on its admittedly short sugar plantation slavery period, we now have a corpus of studies on various aspects of capitalism in Trinidad - from its historical advent (Sebastien 1978) to its twentieth-century manifestation in the petroleum sector (Seers 1964; Sandoval 1983), and from the ethnic structure of labor markets (Camejo 1971; Harewood 1971) and the role of capitalism in racial/ethnic inequality (Henry 1993; Coppin & Olsen 1998) to the way ethnicity affects business, big (Button 1981; Parris 1985; Centre for Ethnic Studies 1993) and small (Ryan & Barclay 1992; Griffith 1997), and the way ethnicity and gender are used in class recruitment (Yelvington 1995). There are also a number of fine working-class histories (e.g., Rennie 1973; Ramdin 1982; Basdeo 1983) and important works on the labor riots and strikes and the nature of the colonial state during the crises of the 1930s (e.g., Thomas 1987; Singh 1994). The two books under review here complement the works mentioned above, and they complement each other as well: Reddock's deals with the way capitalism up to the mid-century was buttressed by colonial politics, and explores how this formation engendered certain kinds of political responses, while Miller approaches capitalism through the assumption that fundamental changes in the post-Oil Boom period (ca. 1973-80) brought about considerable autonomy between production and consumption that can and should now be read through an analysis of the cultural circulation of images and commodities in the society. These books are both noteworthy because they engage in explicit theorizing on what capitalism was and is, and what it did and does.
5
Orman, Betina E., Silvia A. Piñeiro, Sonia Arduino, Marcelo Galas, Roberto Melano, Maria I. Caffer, Daniel O. Sordelli, and Daniela Centrón. "Evolution of Multiresistance in Nontyphoid Salmonella Serovars from 1984 to 1998 in Argentina." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 12 (December 2002): 3963–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.12.3963-3970.2002.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Molecular evolution of multiresistance in nontyphoid Salmonella spp. was investigated with 155 isolates obtained in Argentina from 1984 to 1998. In 74 isolates obtained from 1984 to 1988 resistance was associated with the presence of Tn3, Tn9, class I (In0) and II (Tn7) integrons, and the aac(3)-IIa gene. Extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) resistance in Salmonella spp. emerged in 1989, and 81 isolates resistant to at least one ESC and one aminoglycoside were collected thereafter. Among these, two patterns of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms were found: from 1989 to 1992, resistance was related to the spreading of Tn1331 and bla CTX-M-2, in addition to the persistence of In0 and Tn7. From 1993 to 1998, several integrons were added to the first pattern and three integron groups (IG), namely, IG1 (38% of the isolates), IG2 (51%), and IG3 (11%), were identified. At least two β-lactamase genes were detected in 65% of the isolates (after 1989) by PCR analysis. Furthermore, five β-lactamase genes, bla CTX-M- 2 , bla OXA-9, bla OXA-2, bla TEM-1, and bla PER-2, were found in two isolates. The bla CTX-M-2 gene was found in several complex sulI-type integrons with different rearrays within the variable region of class I integrons, suggesting evolution of these integrons in nontyphoid Salmonella. In conclusion, progressive acquisition and accumulation of plasmid-mediated resistance determinants occurred from 1984 to 1998 in nontyphoid Salmonella isolates of the most prevalent serovars from Argentina. It is suggested that antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in these bacteria may have been the consequence of plasmid exchange between Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli or Shigella flexneri and/or spreading of mobile elements from the nosocomial environment.
6
Cox, Jafna L., Iqbal R. Bata, Ronald D. Gregor, David E. Johnstone, and Hermann K. Wolf. "Trends in event rate and case fatality of patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction between 1984 and 2001This paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled Young Investigator's Forum." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 84, no. 1 (January 2006): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y05-141.
Full textAbstract:
Between 1984 and 1993, prevalence and case fatality of hospitalized acute myocardial infarction (AMI) had declined in the population of Halifax County. We aimed to determine whether these trends continued into the 21st century by investigating patient characteristics, treatment methods, and fatality for hospital admissions of residents of Halifax County, aged 25–74, during 1984–1989 (period 1), 1990–1993 (period 2), and 1998–2001 (period 3) and diagnosed as AMI that were extracted from databases for the Halifax County MONICA and ICONS (Improving Cardiovascular Outcomes in Nova Scotia) Studies. Trends in patient characteristics and treatment methods were assessed by χ2 statistics. Their association with 28-day fatality was determined by logistic regression. Event rate declined during 1984–1993 but not into 1998–2001 (p = 0.206). Compared with 1990–1993, fewer AMI patients during 1998–2001 were ≥55 years (73.3% vs. 69.9%), cigarette smokers (49.8% vs. 42.9%), had a history of myocardial infarction (28.9% vs. 24.9%), and had an admission heart rate >100 (34.8% vs. 17.4%). Additionally, more patients had a history of diabetes (22.5% vs. 28.1%). Case fatality declined progressively over the 3 study time periods (16.6%, 13.1%, and 9.4%, respectively). Changes also occurred in prevalence of Killip class 4 status during admission (20.2%, 10.3%, and 13.3%, respectively), use of thrombolysis (9.0%, 30.9, and 32.6%, respectively), and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (4.3%, 11.2%, and 22.4%, respectively) in the different periods. Significant associations were found between case fatality and patient history of diabetes, history of MI, age, elevated admission heart rate, Killip class 4 impairment, thrombolysis, and PCI. The ICONS registry of hospitalized acute myocardial infarctions was used to compare case fatality during 1998–2001 with that reported by the Halifax County MONICA Project for 1984–1993. Whereas the population rate of myocardial infarctions had declined between 1984–1993 but not subsequently, case fatality declined significantly throughout the study period. The continued decline in case fatality is likely explained by changes in patient profile on presentation and medical therapies, including the increased use of thrombolysis and PCI.
7
Bellezza, Francis S. "Modeling Guessing." Zeitschrift für Psychologie / Journal of Psychology 217, no. 3 (January 2009): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0044-3409.217.3.125.
Full textAbstract:
Multinomial processing-tree modeling has had a major impact on process-dissociation theory. Buchner, Erdfelder, and Vaterrodt-Plünnecke (1995) added guessing parameters to the original model of Jacoby (1991) and created a class of process-dissociation models. Furthermore, Erfelder and Buchner (1998) formulated criterion values of the dual-process signal-detection model ( Yonelinas, 1994 ) as multinomial parameters. Buchner, Erdfelder, Steffens, and Martensen (1997) suggested a new approach by proposing a multinomial source-monitoring model for process-dissociation data. Two experiments described here demonstrated that dual-process signal-detection theory must assume different levels of familiarity in inclusion and exclusion tests. Similarly, in some cases the source-monitoring model must assume different levels of recognition guessing in the two tests. Reasons are given for preferring the source-monitoring model.
8
ANAYA, CHRISTINA. "First Record of Psorospermium sp. (Class: Mesomycetozoea) in Northern Clearwater crayfish Faxonius propinquus Girard 1852 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from Michigan, U.S.A." Zootaxa 4981, no. 1 (June 3, 2021): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.1.12.
Full textAbstract:
Psorospermium cf. haeckeli Hilgendorf 1883 is a unicellular, eukaryotic protozoan within the class Mesomycetozoea, phylogenetically situated near the animal-fungal divergence(Cavalier-Smith 1998; Ragan et al. 1998). Although only one species has been identified, there have been four morphotypes described in 17 species of crayfish from the Holarctic, Neotropical, and Australasian regions (Herbert 1987; Henttonen et al. 1992, 1994; Rug & Vogt 1994). However, molecular analyses of the internal transcribed spacer DNA suggest morphotypes may represent distinct species (Bangyeekhun et al. 2001).
9
Vengroff, Richard, Lucy Creevey, and Henry Krisch. "Electoral System Effects on Gender Representation: The Case of Mixed Systems." Japanese Journal of Political Science 1, no. 2 (November 2000): 197–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109900002024.
Full textAbstract:
Electoral systems as endogenous re-distributive institutions (Tsebelis, 1990) help to define the rules of the game. In this manner they have an important impact among regional, class, ethnic, gender, and other sub-groups of the general population on the distribution and variation in outcome of who is nominated for, and elected to, national office. In particular, there is a well-established and growing literature on the impact of electoral systems and electoral system reform on the representation of women in national legislative bodies (Darcy, Welch, and Clarke 1994; Matland and Taylor 1997; Caul 1998; Rule 1987; Matland 1998). In general, these studies have concluded that more women are elected in proportional rather than in plurality or majority electoral systems. However, a major difficulty in interpreting these findings is created by the historical, cultural, economic, and institutional differences among cases chosen for comparison.
10
Vynokurov, Denys, Yakiv Didukh, Olga Krasova, Hennadiy Lysenko, Igor Goncharenko, Iryna Dmytrash-Vatseba, Olga Chusova, Dariia Shyriaieva, Vitalii Kolomiychuk, and Ivan Moysiyenko. "Eastern European Steppe Database." Vegetation Classification and Survey 1 (December 21, 2020): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vcs/2020/60520.
Full textAbstract:
The Eastern European Steppe Database (GIVD ID EU-00-030) includes 6961 vegetation plots of dry grassland vegetation from Eastern Europe (Steppe and Forest-Steppe zones, mountain regions), mainly from Ukraine (4579 relevés), Russia (2403 relevés) and Moldova (203 relevés). 3912 vegetation plots are from different literature sources (66 sources), 219 are from the phytosociological card-index of the M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, 2830 relevés are authors’ relevés. They were established in 1935-2019 years. The database comprises mainly the vegetation of the class Festuco-Brometea (around 95% of the dataset), and a small proportion of Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis, Artemisietea vulgaris, Crataego-Prunetea. The taxonomy of vascular species is given according to Cherepanov (1995) for vascular plants, Ignatov and Afonina (1992) for bryophytes and identification guides of the USSR (1971–1978) and Russia (1996, 1998) for lichens. The database is part of the European Vegetation Archive.
11
Nakagawa, Michiko, Kenta Tanaka, Tohru Nakashizuka, Tatsuhiro Ohkubo, Tsuyoshi Kato, Teizou Maeda, Kaori Sato, et al. "Impact of severe drought associated with the 1997–1998 El Niño in a tropical forest in Sarawak." Journal of Tropical Ecology 16, no. 3 (May 2000): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400001450.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of the unusually severe drought associated with the 1997–1998 El Niño on tropical forest dynamics in Sarawak, Malaysia was examined. Mortality during the non-drought period (1993–1997) in a core plot (1.38 ha) was 0.89 % y−1, while that during the drought period (1997–1998) in the same plot and a peripheral plot was 6.37 and 4.35 % y−1, respectively. The basal area lost in the drought interval was 3.4 times that of the annual incremental basal area in 1993–1997. Drought mortality was higher for the smaller trees, though it was less size dependent than the non-drought mortality. Dipterocarpaceae, which is the dominant family in the study plot, had a mortality 12–30 times higher in the drought than the non-drought period. There were no significant differences in mortality among the topographic types. From the results of a log-linear model (multi-factored contingency table), the death of trees was correlated with size class, indicating a change in the size-class structure of the forest. Thus, both the species composition and structure are totally affected by such an episodic drought even in a per-humid tropical forest.
12
Callahan, Colleen, and Patricia Cunningham. "The Class of 1998 Fellows." Dress 25, no. 1 (January 1998): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/036121198805297927.
Full text
13
SINGH, PK, SK PATEL, P. JAYSWAL, and SS CHINCHORKAR. "Usefulness of class A Pan coefficient models for computation of reference evapotranspiration for a semi-arid region." MAUSAM 65, no. 4 (December 28, 2021): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v65i4.1186.
Full textAbstract:
The reliability of estimates of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) using pan evaporation (Epan) depends on the accurate determination of pan coefficients (Kpan). Six ET0 models were evaluated for their usefulness using 33-year climatological dataset of a semi-arid region of the Gujarat state of India. The equations compared include Cuenca (1989), Allen and Pruitt (1991), Snyder (1992), Modified Snyder (Grismer et al., 2002), Orang (1998), and Pereira et al. (1995). The ET0 data, calculated using daily Kpan values from these equations, were compared to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)-Penman-Monteith (FAO56-PM) method as a reference. Based on the visual comparison as well as from the statistical criteria, ET0 values computed using Modified Snyder and Orang model have very close agreement with the FAO56-PM method for daily, monthly, and annual estimates as compared to other approaches. The sequential performances of the explored models was found as: Modified Snyder (Eqn. 5) > Orang (Eqn. 6) > Cuenca Eqn. (2) > Allen & Pruitt (Eqn. 3) > Snyder (Eqn. 4) > Pereira et al. (Eqn. 7) model. Therefore, the Modified Snyder model (Grismer et al., 2002) could be recommended as the best model for ET0 computations under these prevailing climatic conditions for a semi arid region.
14
Abrami, Philip C., Yiping Lou, Bette Chambers, Catherine Poulsen, and John C. Spence. "Within-class grouping: evidence versus conjecture." National Institute Economic Review 169 (July 1999): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795019916900111.
Full textAbstract:
Lou, Abrami, Spence, Poulsen, Chambers, and d'Apollonia (1996) reported the findings from a quantitative review showing generally positive but variable effects of within-class grouping on pupil achievement and other outcomes. Replying in the National Institute Economic Review (July 1998), Prais argued for whole-class teaching claiming that we mis-summarised our findings. In this abbreviated rejoinder, we argue that our findings are: useful; not so variable as to be meaningless; provide evidence of beneficial effects for pupils of all relative abilities; are thorough and detailed; and provide a rather complete picture of the available evidence. In contrast, we believe that Prais (1998) has relied too heavily on conjecture and selective citation to offer a view of within-class grouping which is a serious mis-summarisation of the findings.
15
Reddy, Purshottama S., and Jayanathan Govender. "Democratic decentralisation, citizen engagement and service delivery in South Africa: A critique of legislative and policy considerations." Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 43, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0304-615x/5080.
Full textAbstract:
Negotiations to restructure and transform local government in South Africa commenced in 1993. Key roleplayers and stakeholders in local government were instrumental in adopting a negotiated local government model comprising three distinct phases during the constitutional development process. The Local Government Transition Act, 1993 (Act 209 of 1993) facilitated the process for the introduction of transitional local and metropolitan councils which constituted the first phase. Local government elections were held for the first time in November 1995 and May/June 1996 in seven provinces (and thereafter Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal) constituted the second phase. Three fundamental legislative enactments, i.e. Local Government: Municipal Demarcation Act, 1998 (Act 27 of 1998); Local Government Municipal Structures Act, 1998 (Act 117 of 1998) and the Local Government: Municipal Systems Act, 2000 (Act 32 of 2000), were critical to the final phase. Elections held in December 2000 marked the end of the transition period resulting in a reduction of municipalities from 843 to 283. There were two successful local government elections held thereafter on 26 March 2006 and more recently on 18 May 2011. Regular elections and the plethora of legislation introduced to consolidate the new dispensation have resulted in local democracy and decentralization being deeply rooted in the local governance system. The latter is an integral component of the local governance policy framework as the country has a diverse population of almost 50 million people. It is believed that a democratic and decentralised governance system will promote local development, address poverty reduction, facilitate civic engagement and ensure national integration. Local democracy, introduced seventeen years ago following the ushering in of the developmental state in 1994, has since been tried and tested. Despite ‘world class’ legislation and a ‘best practice’ local governance system, which has as its basis people centred development, engagement and decentralisation, several governance challenges has emerged. This includes inter alia, unfunded mandates; rampant corruption and nepotism;violent service delivery protests; capacity constraints; crime, lack of communication, transparency and accountability; limited civic engagement and a significant number of municipalities that are not financially viable. These issues will have to be addressed if Chapter 7 of the Constitution has to become more meaningful to the majority of the populace in terms of discharging its developmental mandate.
16
Cergole, Maria Cristina, Suzana Anita Saccardo, and Carmen L. D. B. Rossi-Wongtschowski. "Fluctuations in the spawning stock biomass and recruitment of the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) 1977-1997." Revista Brasileira de Oceanografia 50, unico (2002): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-77392002000100002.
Full textAbstract:
In the southeastern coast of Brazil, catches of the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) have been decreasing from more than 200 thousand tons/year in the early '70s to about 32 thousand tons in 1990. From 1994 to 1997, catches recovered slightly (118 thousand tons), dropping then to about 20 thousand tons in 1999-2000. Extensive investigations on biology and stock assessment of Brazilian sardine have been developed in the '80s, providing stock biomass and recruitment estimates based on commercial fishing data obtained from 1977-1992. The present paper aims to update biological and stock assessment parameters from sardine data obtained during two acoustic surveys carried out in 1995 and commercial catches from the 1993-1997 period. Results from both cruises showed the weight-length relationship Wt=0.0000019. Lt3,26 (90-240 mm total length) and four age classes (mostly class II+). In the commercial catches, sardines belonged to ages 0+ and 3+ years old (mostly older than 1-year old) with 90-250 mm total length. Annual growth parameters were: Li=275 mm, K= 0.55 (1996), and Li=273 mm, K=0.50 (1997). Total mortality (Z) and natural mortality (M) coefficients were: Z= 3.8; M= 0.7 -1.2 (1996), and Z= 3.6; M= 0.6 - 1.1 (1997). The variation amplitude of M is due to the application of several different methods. Considering the historical series of 21 years of data (1977-1997), results showed that the stock went through two favorable periods (1980-84, 1989-94) and one unfavorable period (1985-89). 1997 seems to have been the beginning of a new unfavorable period, revealing recruitment cycles likewise other stocks from California and Japan.
17
Mason, P. M., and P. Parham. "HLA class I region sequences, 1998." Tissue Antigens 51, no. 4 (September 30, 2008): 417–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.1998.tb02983.x.
Full text
18
Marsh, S. G. E. "HLA class II region sequences, 1998." Tissue Antigens 51, no. 4 (September 30, 2008): 467–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.1998.tb02984.x.
Full text
19
Fijalkow, Yankel. "Hygiene, Population Sciences and Population Policy: a Totalitarian Menace?" Contemporary European History 8, no. 3 (November 1999): 451–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777399003082.
Full textAbstract:
Mike Hawkins, Social Darwinism in European and American Thought 1860–1945. Nature as Model and Nature as Threat (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 348 pp., £19.95, ISBN 0–521–57434 X.Carl Ipsen, Dictating Demography. The Problem of Population in Fascist Italy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 281 pp., £35, ISBN 0–521–15545–7.Simon Szreter, Fertility, Class and Gender in Britain 1860–1940 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976, 704 pp., £50, ISBN 0–521–34343–7.Alain Desrosières, La politique des grands nombres, histoire de la raison statistique (Paris: La Découverte, 1993), 437 pp., FF 220; ISBN 2–707–12253–X; English translation by Camille Naish, The Politics of Large Numbers. A History of Statistical Reasoning (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 416 pp., $45, ISBN 0–674–68932–1.Paul Weindling, Health, Race and German Politics between National Unification and Nazism 1870–1947 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 641 pp., £22.95, ISBN 0–521–42397–X; French translation by B. Frumer, L'Hygiène de la race (Paris: La Découverte, 1998), 301 pp., FF 160, ISBN 2–707–12706–X.Over the last ten years a series of social historians have published studies of the link between the definition of scientific categories and the implementation of demographic policies in Europe. This discussion of the classification of populations in terms of social class, race or location (rural, urban, underprivileged areas) has complicated the traditional theories of the scientist and politician, Max Weber, and the student of ‘bio-power’, Michel Foucault. Now, historians of political ideas are finding living examples to illustrate recent advances in the sociology of science, establishing themselves at the interface between the history of human health and that of population policies. The aim is to throw light on the exchange between scientists and population management: among the themes to be treated are natalism, populationism, hygienism and eugenics.
20
Josefsson, Gunlög. "The Meaning of Lexical Classes." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 24, no. 2 (December 2001): 218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/033258601753358614.
Full textAbstract:
Following the spirit of Relativized Extreme Functionalism, I argue that a set of grammatical features, traditionally thought of as devoid of semantics, lexical class (declension and conjugation), in fact has semantic content. Taking Josefsson (1995. 1997. 1998) as a point of departure, I suggest that the lexical class determines the word class of a word, hence relating the word to a major ontological category such as THING and EVENT. A certain lexical class may correspond to a semantic subclass of a major ontological category, but this does not need to be the case. The approach taken explains certain morphological phenomena in Swedish, such as stem vowels, and explains why the non-head part of a compound is undetermined for major ontological category.
21
Paganelli, Davide. "The Ninth Homotopy Class of Spatial 3R Serial Regional Manipulators." Journal of Mechanical Design 129, no. 4 (April 26, 2006): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2437805.
Full textAbstract:
Singularities form surfaces in the jointspace of a serial manipulator. Paï and Leu (Paï and Leu, 1992, IEEE Trans. Rob. Autom., 8, pp. 545–559) introduced the important notion of generic manipulator, the singularity surfaces of which are smooth and do not intersect with each other. Burdick (Burdick, 1995, J. Mech. Mach. Theor., 30, pp. 71–89) proposed a homotopy-based classification method for generic 3R manipulators. Through this classification method, it was stated in Wenger, 1998, J. Mech. Des., 120, pp. 327–332 that there exist exactly eight classes of generic 3R manipulators. A counterexample to this classification is provided: a generic 3R manipulator belonging to none of the eight classes identified in (Wenger, 1998, J. Mech. Des., 120, pp. 327–332) is presented. The weak point of the proof given in (J. Mech. Des., 120, pp. 327–332) is highlighted. The counterexample proves the existence of at least nine homotopy classes of generic 3R manipulators. The paper points out two peculiar properties of the manipulator proposed as a counterexample, which are not featured by any manipulator belonging to the eight homotopy classes so far discovered. Eventually, it is proven in this paper that at most four branches of the singularity curve can coexist in the jointspace of a generic 3R manipulator and therefore at most eleven homotopy classes are possible.
22
Houghton, Jonathan P., Robert H. Gilmour, Dennis C. Lees, William B. Driskell, Sandra C. Lindstrom, and Alan Mearns. "PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND INTERTIDAL BIOTA SEVEN YEARS LATER: HAS IT RECOVERED?" International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 679–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-679.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Eight years of quantitative biological and chemical data have been analyzed for trends in recovery of biota inhabiting beaches in Prince William Sound following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill and subsequent shoreline treatments. Sampling has focused on biota at sheltered rocky and mixed-soft sites subjected to three degrees of disturbance (unoiled, oiled but not hot-water washed, and oiled/hot-water washed). Only epibiota on sheltered rocky habitats are covered in this paper. The majority of community dominants survived 1989 on oiled rocky shores that were not high-pressure, hot-water washed. These areas appeared to be nearly completely recovered by 1991, although subsequent monitoring has revealed oscillations in species abundances that exceed those on unoiled beaches. Hot-water treatments used in 1989 had severe short-term impacts on intertidal epibenthos. Some high-pressure, hot-water-treated rocky shores stripped of biota in 1989 showed very slow colonization through 1995; other areas that appeared to be nearly recovered in 1992 suffered severe declines in dominant taxa in 1995. The dominant age class of rockweed, which began life following hot-water treatment, matured in 1993 and died off in 1994 and 1995, resulting in declines of associated fauna. A new cycle of rockweed colonization has begun, and some recovery of rockweed and associated fauna was observed in 1996.
23
CHANG, CHIA-LIN, MICHAEL McALEER, and ROENGCHAI TANSUCHAT. "MODELLING LONG MEMORY VOLATILITY IN AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY FUTURES RETURNS." Annals of Financial Economics 07, no. 02 (December 2012): 1250010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010495212500108.
Full textAbstract:
This paper estimates a long memory volatility model for 16 agricultural commodity futures returns from different futures markets, namely corn, oats, soybeans, soybean meal, soybean oil, wheat, live cattle, cattle feeder, pork, cocoa, coffee, cotton, orange juice, Kansas City wheat, rubber, and palm oil. The class of fractional GARCH models, namely the FIGARCH model of Baillie et al. (1996), FIEGARCH model of Bollerslev and Mikkelsen (1996), and FIAPARCH model of and FIAPARCH model of Tse (1998), are modelled and compared with the GARCH model of Bollerslev (1986), EGARCH model of Nelson (1991), and APARCH model of Ding et al. (1993). The estimated d parameters, indicating long-term dependence, suggest that fractional integration is found in most of agricultural commodity futures returns series. In addition, the FIGARCH (1, d, 1) and FIEGARCH (1, d, 1) models are found to outperform their GARCH (1, 1) and EGARCH (1, 1) counterparts.
24
Zolman, James F., and Cobern E. Ott. "STUDENTS’ COLLEGES AND ACHIEVEMENT IN AN ADVANCED COURSE." Advances in Physiology Education 26, no. 4 (December 2002): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00039.2001.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the present study was to determine whether a significant relationship exists between a student’s college (Allied Health, Arts and Science, Education, and Graduate School) and achievement in an advanced-level course in human physiology (PGY 412G). The mean percentage of correct answers on four multiple-choice tests, collectively totaling 400 points, was used to assess each student’s performance. A four (college)-by-three (academic year) analysis of variance was used for statistical comparisons among 660 students enrolled in PGY 412G from the fall semester of 1995 through the spring semester of 1998. Subsequent pairwise comparisons tests found that the College of Education students had a significantly lower mean percentage of correct answers (61%) compared with students in each of the other colleges ( P < 0.001). No significant differences in percentage scores were found among students enrolled in Allied Health (78%), Arts and Science (78%), or the Graduate School (77%). Also, percentages of correct answers averaged across all students were significantly lower during the 1997–1998 academic year than those in either the 1996–1997 year ( P < 0.001) or the 1995–1996 year ( P < 0.05). Students’ scores during these two earlier years did not differ significantly. Upward letter grade adjustments based on class distributions were made each semester, and more As and Bs and fewer Cs and Ds were given as course grades than expected from an absolute assessment scale. This grade inflation benefited low-scoring students from all colleges, particularly those students enrolled in the College of Education. To improve the understanding of human function of these low-scoring students may require special educational programs.
25
Scheele, Judith. "Recycling Baraka: Knowledge, Politics, and Religion in Contemporary Algeria." Comparative Studies in Society and History 49, no. 2 (April 2007): 304–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417507000503.
Full textAbstract:
Since the overwhelming electoral victory of Algeria's main Islamist party, the Front Islamique du Salut (FIS), in 1990 and 1991, the annulment of the elections by the Algerian army in 1992, and a decade of apparently random killings that followed throughout the country, religion has been at stake in most contemporary debates on Algeria. Algeria has thereby entered the field of larger debates within the Western world about radical Islam, the rise of religion, the rejection of “Western models,” and other expressions of the putative “clash of civilizations.” At the same time, relatively little has been said about what “Islam” actually means in the Algerian context, even by more perspicacious authors and analysts who are keen to stress the economic and social causes for the success of political Islam in Algeria (e.g., Burgat 1988; 1995; Charef 1994; Martinez 1998). This is not to say that the variety of religious practices in Algeria has attracted no attention from researchers. Rather, it means that those writers who focus on ‘local’ religion, such as Andezian (1993; 2001) and Hadibi (1999; 2002), tend to produce local accounts of the veneration of saints and pilgrimages, without referring to broader cultural dynamics and political struggles, and without attempting to link their findings in more than superficial ways to the emergence of modern Islamism.
26
Friel, Susan N., and William T. O'Connor. "Sticks to the Roof of Your Mouth?" Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 4, no. 6 (March 1999): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.4.6.0404.
Full textAbstract:
IS IT SMOOTH, OR DOES IT HAVE SMALL BITS of peanuts in it? Does it taste sweet and nutty, or does it have a slightly burned taste? Is it overly sticky or dry? These are just some of the characteristics that are considered when peanut butters are rated on quality (Consumers Union 1990). This topic appears to interest many people; Consumer Reports has published two studies about peanut-butter quality since 1990 (Consumer's Union 1990, 1995). How does a consumer use these data to determine what may be a “best buy”? One eighth-grade class explored this question with dataanalysis activities (Lappan et al. 1998).
27
Sanders, J. H. "Nicholas Kurti, C.B.E. 14 May 1908 — 24 November 1998." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 46 (January 2000): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.1999.0086.
Full textAbstract:
Nicholas Kurti was born in Budapest into a middle–class Jewish family. During most of the nineteenth century his father's family name had been Karfunkel, a name of German origin that conformed to the eighteenth–century decree of the Austrian Emperor that all Jews should take German names. At the end of the nineteenth century the Magyarization of the German names of Jews became widespread after the emancipation of the Jews, and Karfunkel became Kürti (4)*.
28
Sakamoto, Haruo. "Design and Manufacture of Small-Sized Electric Vehicles for Mechanical Engineering Education." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 13, no. 4 (August 20, 2001): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2001.p0426.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes an attempt of engineering education in extracurricular activities outside of class and an experimental course in class using electric vehicles. The Kochi University of Technology was inaugurated in April 1997. Engineering education trials of three years has been conducted. In 1997, 3 student teams participated in an ecopower race held in Kochi, Japan, with hand-made ecological vehicles. In the summer, 1998, three teams challenged to participate in the Shikoku Electric Vehicle Rally using light-weight vehicles converted into electric cars. Using such lightweight electric vehicles, a student experimental course in class was condhcted in the winter, 1998. This paper reports these engineering education activities. To provide such an active learning opportunity, a learning environment is needed rather than just teaching in classes. Manufacturing such as electric vehicles is considered to be of importance as well as the basic sciences such as mathematics and physics.
29
Smith, Kevin T., and Walter C. Shortle. "Radial growth of hardwoods following the 1998 ice storm in New Hampshire and Maine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-185.
Full textAbstract:
Ice storms and resulting injury to tree crowns occur frequently in North America. Reaction of land managers to injury caused by the regional ice storm of January 1998 had the potential to accelerate the harvesting of northern hardwoods due to concern about the future loss of wood production by injured trees. To assess the effect of this storm on radial stem growth, increment cores were collected from northern hardwood trees categorized by crown injury classes. For a total of 347 surviving canopy dominant and subdominant trees, a radial growth index was calculated (mean annual increment for 19982000 divided by the mean annual increment for 19951997). Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.), white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), and red maple (Acer rubrum L.) categorized in injury class A (crown loss of less than one-half) had mean growth index values of approximately 1.0, indicating no loss of mean radial growth after 3 years. For injury class B (crown loss of one-half to three-quarters) and class C (crown loss greater than three-quarters), growth index values significantly decreased for sugar maple, yellow birch, and red maple. For white ash, growth index values of classes B and C were not significantly different from those of class A trees. Growth index values of A. saccharum and A. rubrum in injury class C were the lowest of those measured. These results indicated that the severity of growth loss due to crown injury depends on tree species and crown replacement as well as the extent of crown loss.
30
Kelley, Donovan. "Abundance, growth and first-winter survival of young bass in nurseries of south-west England." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82, no. 2 (April 2002): 307–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315402005507.
Full textAbstract:
0-group bass were sampled from the shallow creeks of the Tamar and Camel estuaries at regular intervals from May to September in 1981 to 2000 to measure relative year-class abundance. From 1989 onwards classes were generally strong, especially those of 1989, 1992 (Tamar only), 1995 and 1998. Sampling at age-4, before departure from the nursery at the onset of adolescent movements, gave broadly similar relativities. Numbers were greater, and growth faster, in the Tamar than in the smaller and cooler Camel. Temperature was an important factor in both abundance and growth. Occasional major differences in abundance between the two estuaries were reported. Factors which might bias the age-4 result are considered. Other estuaries on the south side of the south-west peninsula, sampled less frequently, reflected Tamar abundances; others on the north side reflected Camel abundances. Limited analysis of stomach contents of older juvenile bass often present in the same habitats revealed no evidence of cannibalism on 0-groups. The shallow creeks of the Tamar and Camel were deserted in winter but a deeper creek on the Taw, frequented throughout winter, was sampled monthly in the 1982–1996 winters to measure losses, if any, in cold periods. In the mainly mild winters, losses were infrequent and small except in the five-week cold spell of early 1986, when the 1985 class suffered an estimated 58% loss in the Taw and possible total loss in the Camel and the Tamar. Sudden heavy flooding of the estuaries caused no apparent losses when they occurred in late summer and autumn but might be damaging if they occur soon after post-larvae arrive.
31
McCann, Michael, and William Haltom. "Ordinary Heroes vs. Failed Lawyers—Public Interest Litigation in Erin Brockovich and Other Contemporary Films." Law & Social Inquiry 33, no. 04 (2008): 1043–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2008.00131.x.
Full textAbstract:
Although feature films may overpraise lawyers and civil courts as means of securing justice, they caricature lawyers and litigation. Analysis of Erin Brockovich (directed by Steven Soderbergh and produced by Danny DeVito, et al., 2000) reveals four motifs—two favorable and two unfavorable to public‐interest litigants and litigation—that characterize similar films in the last decades: Class Action (1991), The Rainmaker (1997), The Sweet Hereafter (1997), A Civil Action (1998), The Insider (1999), Runaway Jury (2003), and North Country (2005). These filmic populist romances promote ordinary heroines (mostly) who redeem a problematic system through common sense and everyday virtue rather than through laws, lawyers, and litigation.
32
Li, Yaojun, Mike Savage, and Andrew Pickles. "‘Social Change, Friendship and Civic Participation’." Sociological Research Online 8, no. 4 (November 2003): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.863.
Full textAbstract:
This paper studies the changing distribution of social capital and its impact on class formation in England and Wales from a ‘class structural’ perspective. It compares data from the Social Mobility Inquiry (1972) and the British Household Panel Survey (1992 and 1998) to show a distinct change in the class profiling of membership in civic organisations, with traditionally working-class dominated associations losing their working-class character, and middle-class dominated associations becoming even more middle-class dominated. Similar changes are evident for class-differentiated patterns of friendship. Our study indicates the class polarization of social capital in England and Wales.
33
Nair, M. T., and M. P. Rajan. "Arcangeli's type discrepancy principles for a class of regularization methods using a modified projection scheme." Abstract and Applied Analysis 6, no. 6 (2001): 339–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1085337501000653.
Full textAbstract:
Solodkĭ (1998) applied the modified projection scheme of Pereverzev (1995) for obtaining error estimates for a class of regularization methods for solving ill-posed operator equations. But, no a posteriori procedure for choosing the regularization parameter is discussed. In this paper, we consider Arcangeli's type discrepancy principles for such a general class of regularization methods with modified projection scheme.
34
Jaafar, Ali Jawad, and Alaa Motar Al-Lami. "Quality Control of Precipitation Measurement for Selected Stations in Iraq." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 30, no. 4 (January 15, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v30i4.715.
Full textAbstract:
In this research, quality control and homogeneity tests were performed for 20 surface meteorological stations records in Iraq. For this purpose, the annual precipitation data series at the stations of Iraqi meteorological organizations and seismology for the period (1981-2010) were considered. Quality control procedure involving outlier detection using Mandel’s k method. Homogenization were analyzed by using four absolute methods tests namely SNH test, Pettitt test, BR test and VNR test, these tests were chosen to detect the inhomogeneity in data, the results of each test were evaluated at significance level 0.05. Results of Mandel’s K methodwere classified into four categories (Normal, Abnormal 1, Abnormal 2 and Extreme) and represented in GIS software.The results showed that 5% of station classified as Normal, 20% of stations classified as Abnormal 1, 25% of stations classified as Extreme and 50% of stations were classified as Abnormal 2. The homogeneity tests results displayed that 5% of station assigned as “doubtful” class with break years found in (1998) for (Pettitt and BR) tests, 50% of stations assigned as “useful” class , and the other stations which represent 45% assigned as “suspect” class with break years detected for (Pettitt, SNH and BR) tests most found in (1998 ad 1999) were represents 28% of break years, 21% of break years found in (1997) and other break years found between (1991-2004).
35
Mande, Hosea Kato, Akeem O. Olaniyi, Mercy Richard, Bulus Sule, and Deborah Abasha. "CHANGE IN LAND USE/LAND COVER USING REMOTELY SENSED IMAGES IN KAFANCHAN AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 7, no. 6 (December 30, 2023): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2120.
Full textAbstract:
Vegetation cover in Kafanchan has been on the decrease which has suffered more and undue depletion and degradation. This research assessed the change of land use/land cover for the span of 45 years (1988-2023). This study made use of LANDSAT 2, 4, 8 and 8 images of the year 1988, 1998, 2016 and 2023 accordingly. The images were processed using Arcmap 10.3. For the secondary data collection, the area was demarcated into bare land, water bodies, vegetation and built-up areas. The results shows that there has been an increase of built-up areas from 28.19% of the study area in 1988 to 44.73% in 1998 and 45.98% in 2023. Vegetation land use has also shown a decrease from 49.75% in 1988 to 30.54% in 2023. Water bodies decreased from 12.3% in 1988 to 10.92% in 2023. Vegetated land was the most dominant land cover class in the study area but decreased to 28.84% in 1998, and increase from 28.84% in 1998 to 30.54% in 2023 this is supported by the continuous decline of high-end Normalized Difference vegetation index (NDVI) values from 1988 (0.536), 1998 (0.411), 2016 (0.380) and 2023 (0.280) implying that vegetation cover in Kafanchan is steadily being depleted. The applications of RS and GIS will promote better understanding in the monitoring of land use-land cover interactions to aid planning, management and enterprise.
36
Malarney, Shaun Kingsley. "Culture, Virtue, And Political Transformation In Contemporary Northern Viet Nam." Journal of Asian Studies 56, no. 4 (November 1997): 899–920. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2658293.
Full textAbstract:
Recent Research On The Emergence Of civil society in Asia has illustrated that a range of nonstate actors have begun exercising a demonstrable influence on the politics of many countries in the region. Whether it be such grand manifestations as urban white collar workers or students mobilizing in South Korea to end the rule of Chun Doo Hwan (Lee 1993, 351); the urban Thai middle class uniting in the spring of 1992 to end the authoritarian Suchinda regime (Paribatra 1993); the more assertively political groups such as nongovernmental organizations in Korea, Thailand, and Taiwan working to protect the environment (Lee 1993; Paribatra 1993; Weller and Hsiao 1998); or the more prosaic groups of Chinese factory workers, entrepreneurs, crime syndicates, or qigong devotees slowly reworking the state's boundaries (Chamberlain 1993; Madsen 1993; McCormick, Su and Xiao 1992; Perry 1993; Wank 1995), nonstate actors are challenging the state's control over political life and attempting to redefine the political realm in ways that accommodate their own needs and interests. In Viet Nam, as Carlyle Thayer notes, the development of civil society is at a “nascent” stage in which there is still “little scope for the organisation of activity independent of the party-led command structures” (Thayer 1992, 111). However, despite their relative organizational weakness, Vietnamese citizens have begun asserting their own voice in politics. Emboldened by the 1986 Renovation (Dô'i Mó'i) policy's agenda toward “‘broadening democracy’” (Turley 1993a, 263), many Vietnamese have taken advantage of this opportunity to participate more directly in the political process.
37
Salinas, M. Jacoba, Víctor Suárez, and Gabriel Blanca. "Demographic structure of three species of Sarcocapnos (Fumariaceae) as a basis for their conservation." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 360–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-013.
Full textAbstract:
The genus Sarcocapnos DC., endemic to the western Mediterranean basin, contains seven species, all of which are rare. Monthly monitoring of the number and flowering status of individuals as well as the appearance of new seedlings in five populations of three species, Sarcocapnos baetica (Boiss. & Reuter) Nyman, Sarcocapnos enneaphylla (L.) DC., and Sarcocapnos pulcherrima Morales & Romero-García, was conducted between July 1997 and June 1998. This monitoring was repeated in May 1999 and 2000. Given the difficulty in establishing the age of individuals, those that did not produce flowers in the study period were considered juveniles, and reproductive individuals that wilted for no apparent external cause were deemed senescent. Sarcocapnos enneaphylla has a short life-span, early sexual maturity, and high seedling production. This combination appears to be highly effective, because the species is widely distributed geographically with many populations. In contrast, S. pulcherrima and S. baetica have longer life-spans, delayed sexual maturity, and lower production of seedlings. The low recruitment rate in these two species is offset by a long life expectancy among reproductive individuals, although this strategy apparently limits their capacity for geographical expansion. The equilibrium growth rate (λ) varied markedly in S. enneaphylla populations (SE-1: λ = 0.570 for 19971998 to 19981999 and λ = 1.226 for 19981999 to 19992000; SE-2: λ = 0.832 for 19971998 to 19981999 and λ = 1.135 for 19981999 to 19992000) while in S. pulcherrima populations, λ was very close to 1 (SP-1: λ = 0.991 for 19971998 to 19981999 and λ = 0.969 for 19981999 to 19992000; SP-2: λ = 1.000 for 19971998 to 19981999 and λ = 1.101 for 19981999 to 19992000). In the S. baetica population, values varied between λ = 0.971 for 19971998 to 19981999 and λ = 1.345 for 19981999 to 19992000. In the three species, an elasticity analysis of matrix projection models revealed that the elements with the greatest effect on population growth were those of reproductive plants remaining within the same reproductive class. In addition, in S. enneaphylla, seedlings had important weight for population growth. The fact that the reproductive stages are the most critical to population growth should be taken into account where protective or conservation action is required.Key words: conservation, demography, endemism, Fumariaceae, Sarcocapnos, western Mediterranean basin.
38
Wu, Ying, and Guodong Han. "On Positive Radial Solutions for a Class of Elliptic Equations." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/507312.
Full textAbstract:
A class of elliptic boundary value problem in an exterior domain is considered under some conditions concerning the first eigenvalue of the relevant linear operator, where the variables of nonlinear termfs,uneed not to be separated. Several new theorems on the existence and multiplicity of positive radial solutions are obtained by means of fixed point index theory. Our conclusions are essential improvements of the results in Lan and Webb (1998), Lee (1997), Mao and Xue (2002), Stańczy (2000), and Han and Wang (2006).
39
Umar, Aliyu Muhammad. "The structure of idioms in Nigerian English." English Today 35, no. 3 (August 28, 2018): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078418000238.
Full textAbstract:
The term ‘structure in linguistics’ is mostly used to refer to a sequence of units that are in a certain linguistic relationship to one another. Thus no matter how minimal a sequence is, if it can be analysed in terms of a relationship within it, then that is a structural unit. For example, one of the structures of a noun phrase may be ‘article + adjective + noun’ as in the vicious circle (Richards & Schmidts, 2002). Structures entail relationships which may be syntagmatic or paradigmatic. According to Finnegan (2014) when we say language structure we are essentially talking about syntax, semantics and phonology of a language. When it comes to idioms the same principles apply. The structures of idioms are essentially their syntactic behaviour. This behaviour cannot be predicted solely on the basis of their form or figurative meaning alone, but it must be due to some relation between the form and meaning (Gibbs & Nayak, 1989). An idiom is an institutionalised and conventionalized sequence of at least two words or free morphemes that is semantically restricted so that it functions as a single lexical unit, whose meaning cannot or can only to a certain extent be deduced from the meanings of its constituents. (Skandera, 2003: 60). To Nurnberg, Sag and Wasow (1994), idioms are characterised as having conventional meaning, figuration, inflexibility of form, and proverbiality. Idioms have been called ‘multiword units’ (Grant & Bauer, 2004), metaphors (Gibbs, 1993; Toris, 2011), phrasemes (Howarth, 1998), fixed expressions (Moon, 1997; Carter, 1998) and formulaic expressions (Wray, 2002). Structurally, idioms do not form a unique class of linguistic items such that all idioms belong to it, but that they share many of the same properties normally associated with more literal expressions.
40
Sales Cordeiro, Glaís, Isabel Cristina Michelan de Azevedo, and Vanda Lúcia Prado Mattos. "Ecrire un récit d’aventures à l’école et à la clinique logopédique." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 33 (December 1, 2000): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2000.2690.
Full textAbstract:
Based upon a school-class work with textual genres in didactic sequences proposed by Dolz & Schneuwly (1996, 1997, 1998, 1999), the third class pedagogical co-ordinators and teachers from the «Colégio Arquidiocesano de São Paulo» (Brazil) have elaborated a didactic sequence for the teaching/learning of the genre adventure narratives. In this article we present two students’ productions before and after the teaching in order to analyse the development of their narrative capacities. This analysis is based on Bronckart’s (1997) interactionist socio-discursive model. Our results suggest significant changes concerning conflicts creation and resolution and their relation to the narrative’s initial and final situations. We may, therefore, build the hypothesis that a didactic sequence offers teachers a means to select, accurately, which dimensions they shall work with their students. Besides, we think that this didactic device can inspire speech therapy re-education practices with children having written language troubles concerning narrative discourse.
41
Vicentini, Massimo, Claudio Sacchettini, Annalisa Trama, Nicola Nicolai, Gemma Gatta, Laura Botta, Riccardo Valdagni, et al. "Changes in Mortality and Incidence of Prostate Cancer by Risk Class in Different Periods in Italy: The Possible Effects of PSA Spread." Tumori Journal 103, no. 3 (February 28, 2017): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/tj.5000613.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose In Italy, the spread of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing varies in different areas. A peak of incidence was reached in 2003-2004 in some areas, while in others the incidence is still increasing. Mortality has declined since 1999 in some areas, while it remains stable in others. We compared mortality and the risk of advanced cancer over 2 periods (1996-1998; 2005-2007) and by geographic area characterized by a different spread of PSA, to understand the possible impact of PSA on the epidemiology of prostate cancer. Methods In 8 Italian Cancer Registries (CRs), 4,632 cases diagnosed over 2 periods, 1996-1998 and 2005-2007, were sampled to assess risk class. The CRs were classified into late and early phase of PSA testing depending on whether an incidence peak had been reached by 2008. Incidence by risk class was estimated based on overall incidence in each CR and on risk class distribution in the sample. We calculated standardized mortality (MRR) and risk class-specific incidence rate ratios (IRR) to compare the 2 periods. Results Incidence increased from 1996-1998 to 2005-2007 (IRR 1.5; 95% CI 1.4, 1.6). High-risk and metastatic cancer incidence decreased only in late-phase areas (IRR 0.78; 95% CI 0.69, 0.88; and 0.40; 95% CI 0.30, 0.54, respectively), while in early-phase areas, incidence remained virtually stable (IRR 1.2; 95% CI 1.0, 1.4; and 0.77; 95% CI 0.59, 1.0, respectively). Mortality decreased only in late-phase areas (MRR 0.81; 95% CI 0.85, 0.97; vs 1.1; 95% CI 0.92, 1.2) in early-phase areas. Conclusions Mortality reduction and a decrease in high-risk and metastatic cases occurred simultaneously only in areas in late phase of PSA spread.
42
Paterson, Catherine F. "Occupational Therapy and the National Health Service, 1948–1998." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 61, no. 7 (July 1998): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269806100705.
Full textAbstract:
Much of the history of occupational therapy is associated with the history of the National Health Service (NHS). As the nation celebrates the 50th anniversary of the founding of the NHS on 5 July 1948, it is fitting to reflect on the development of the profession over the past half century and how it has adapted to the many medical, technological, demographic and social changes. In 1948, the profession comprised a small band of mainly middle-class women, who worked under medical direction with long-stay patients in a hospital setting. In 1998, over 18,000 occupational therapists are state-registered. Having gained degree-entry status practitioners are increasingly self-directed and research-focused, and they work in a wide range of settings with all age-groups: a profession reflecting the ideals of the NHS to provide a service from ‘the cradle to the grave’.
43
Kerckhoven, Gilbert Van. "An Aboriginal Christmas Celebration." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 27, no. 1 (July 1999): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100001514.
Full textAbstract:
The Golden Hill Steiner School in Denmark, West Australia, is a small “alternative” school and part of the world wide Steiner/Waldorf school movement. In 1998 this young school had 56 students from kindergarten to class 6. Because of the small numbers, primary classes are combined (for 1998 this was a class 1/2, class 3/4 and class 5/6).
44
Lavrinenko, O. V., N. V. Matveyeva, and I. A. Lavrinenko. "Сommunities of the class Scheuchzerio–Caricetea nigrae (Nordh. 1936) Tx. 1937 in the East European tundras." Vegetation of Russia, no. 28 (2016): 55–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2016.28.55.
Full textAbstract:
There are few publications on the classification of vegetation of Scheuchzerio–Caricetea nigrae class in the Arctic (Daniёls, 1982; Matveyeva, 1994; Zanokha, 2003). In Russia classification of mires is more or less well designed for the taiga zone of the European North and the West Siberia. Communities of sedge-hypnum mires and sedge-sphagnum hollows of flat palsa-bogs in the East European tundra are described in the dominant classification traditions (Andreev, 1932; Bogdanovskaya-Gienef, 1938; Dedov, 2006). N. Yа. Katz (1936) briefly described the vegetation of the Arctic mineral sedge mires on the Vaygach Island. In present paper the results of the mires classification carried out upon the basis of 148 relevés made in 1998–2014 in 26 sites in the East European tundra along the latitudinal gradient from typical tundra to northern forest-tundra.
45
Santos, Djenane, Odete Burgeile, and Bárbara Gallardo. "Discursive processes and student representations: the imaginary present in the Spanish language class." Concilium 23, no. 3 (March 3, 2023): 602–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-935-23b75.
Full textAbstract:
Based on a qualitative research with students from two schools in Porto Velho-RO, this work seeks to analyze these students' imaginary to identify the representations they formed about the Spanish language, aiming to discuss their interest in the language and identity formation.Thus, starting from the captured and analyzed images/representations, the conditions under which these discourses are produced are also discussed, taking into account the interdiscursive aspects. The theoretical core used is formed by discursive studies (CORACINI, 2007; ORLANDI, 1999; REVUZ, 1998), by cultural studies (HALL, 2009; RAJAGOPALAN, 1998; WOODWARD, 2011) and by social studies (ALTHUSSER, 1974; MEKSENAS, 1994), using the analytical device of the French Discourse Analysis. The analysis showed that the students' interest in Spanish is linked to internal confrontations and contradictions resulting from the unconscious that fears taking distance from themselves and their culture. Therefore, identity, in continuous formation, is constituted through symbolic processes and images, crossed by the discourses of others and of the other.
46
Holmer, Lars E. "Phylogeny and Classification: Linguliformea and Craniiformea." Paleontological Society Papers 7 (November 2001): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600000875.
Full textAbstract:
Brachiopods within the subphyla Linguliformea Williams et al., 1996 and Craniiformea Popov et al., 1993 comprise most, but not all, of the taxa previously grouped together in the Class Inarticulata Huxley, as defined in the first edition of the brachiopod volume of theTreatise on Invertebrate Paleontology(Rowell, 1965). The phylogeny and classification of the inarticulated organophosphatic-shelled linguliforms (typified by the modern lingulides; Fig. 1) and the inarticulated and partly articulated organocarbonate-shelled craniiforms (typified by the modern craniides; Fig. 1) have been debated during the last decade, in connection with attempts to analyze the phylogeny of the entire phylum (for summaries see Holmer et al., 1995; Carlson, 1995; Williams et al., 1996, 2000a). Much of the discussion has been centered around the conflicting results of phylogenetic analyses, either based exclusively on the anatomy and morphology of the Recent taxa (e.g., Popov et al., 1993; Carlson, 1991, 1995), or including also the more numerous, mainly Cambro-Ordovician, fossil taxa (e.g., Carlson, 1991; Holmer et al., 1995; Williams et al., 1996, 2000a). The cladistic analyses have either tended to support the monophyly of the Class Inarticulata (e.g., Carlson, 1991, 1995), or indicated that this group is paraphyletic (e.g., Popov et al., 1993, Holmer et al., 1995; Fig. 1). The resulting cladograms in the comprehensive studies of fossil and modern taxa by Williams et al. (1996, 2000a), which were the basis for the classification adopted in the latest edition of the brachiopod volume of theTreatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, largely support a monophyletic Subphylum Linguliformea; however, the phylogenetic position of the Craniiformea remains uncertain, although it may represent a monophyletic group (Fig. 1). Recent molecular phylogenies have given some support to a monophyletic Linguliformea, but also more surprisingly have indicated that the phoronids might form a clade (formally recognized as the Subphylum Phoroniformea Cohen 2000) within the Brachiopoda, possibly together with the inarticulated modern forms (Cohen and Gawthrop, 1996, 1997; Cohen, 2000).
47
Owen, Tobias. "Solar Composition of Icy Planetesimals: A New Source For Comet Nuclei?" Highlights of Astronomy 13 (2005): 502–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600016439.
Full textAbstract:
The enrichment of heavy elements on Jupiter appears to require the existence of a new class of icy planetesimal that exhibits solar relative abundances.Prior to the Galileo probe mission, observations of methane in Jupiter’s atmosphere had revealed that C/H was approximately three times the solar ratio. This enrichment was thought to be the result of the delivery of heavy elements by icy planetesimals, which were assumed to be essentially identical to comets. However, comets are notoriously deficient in nitrogen (e.g., Geiss 1987; Krankowsky 1991) and recent upper limits on argon in three comets (Weaver et al. 2002) indicate that this element is also sub-solar relative to O. Hence it was assumed that Jupiter would exhibit the same deficiency in argon and nitrogen relative to carbon (Pollack and Bodenheimer 1989; Owen & Bar-Nun 1995). Yet the mass spectrometer on the Galileo Probe clearly showed that Ar, Kr, Xe, N, C, and S are all enriched in Jupiter’s atmosphere by the same factor of 3 ± 1 (Niemann et al. 1998; Owen et al. 1999).
48
PIACQUADIO, M., and E. CESARATTO. "MULTIFRACTAL SPECTRUM AND THERMODYNAMICAL FORMALISM OF THE FAREY TREE." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 11, no. 05 (May 2001): 1331–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127401002754.
Full textAbstract:
Let (Ω, μ) be a set of real numbers to which we associate a measure μ. Let α≥0, let Ωα={x∈Ω/α(x)=α}, where α is the concentration index defined by Halsey et al. [1986]. Let fH(α) be the Hausdorff dimension of Ωα. Let fL(α) be the Legendre spectrum of Ω, as defined in [Riedi & Mandelbrot, 1998]; and fC(α) the classical computational spectrum of Ω, defined in [Halsey et al., 1986]. The task of comparing fH, fC and fL for different measures μ was tackled by several authors [Cawley & Mauldin, 1992; Mandelbrot & Riedi, 1997; Riedi & Mandelbrot, 1998] working, mainly, on self-similar measures μ. The Farey tree partition in the unit segment induces a probability measure μ on an universal class of fractal sets Ω that occur in physics and other disciplines. This measure μ is the Hyperbolic measure μℍ, fundamentally different from any self-similar one. In this paper we compare fH, fC and fL for μℍ.
49
Artzt, Alice F. "Integrating Writing and Cooperative Learning in the Mathematics Class." Mathematics Teacher 87, no. 2 (February 1994): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.87.2.0080.
Full textAbstract:
As teachers have recognized the importance of giving students opportunities to communicate their ideas about mathematics, they have begun to implement writing activities and cooperative-learning strategies in their classrooms (e.g., Abel and Abel [1988]; Artzt [1979]; Havens [1989); LeGere [1991); Mcintosh [1991]; Nahrgang and Petersen [1986); Sutton [1992]).
50
Jürgen Tecklenburg, Hans. "Umsetzung und Effektivität ambulanter Rehabilitation Ergebnisse einer prospektiven multizentrischen Katamnese (19941998) an anerkannten Behandlungsstellen in Schleswig-Holstein." SUCHT 47, no. 5 (January 2001): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/suc.2001.47.5.350.
Full textAbstract:
<span class="fett">Gegenstand:</span> Beschreibung von Ergebnissen zur ambulanten Rehabilitation Sucht in Schleswig-Holstein, Resultate einer prospektiv und multizentrisch angelegten Katamneseuntersuchung. </p><p> <span class="fett">Methode:</span> Befragung von 272 Patienten aus ambulanten suchttherapeutischen Maßnahmen in zehn anerkannten Einrichtungen. Totalerhebung im Untersuchungszeitraum (10.94–09.96). Neben sozial noch integrierten Personen wurden auch hoch belastete Patienten ambulant behandelt. </p><p> <span class="fett">Katamnese:</span> Rücklaufquote: 75,7 %, Katamnesedauer im Mittel 21,2 Monate. </p><p> <span class="fett">Ergebnis:</span> Quote durchgängiger Abstinenz 49,3 %, sechs Monate abstinent nach Rückfall 7,4 %, Rückfällig 18,3 % (keine Angaben 25 %).