Journal articles on the topic 'Civil war – russia – fiction'
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1
Ingemanson, Birgitta. "The Political Function of Domestic Objects in the Fiction of Aleksandra Kollontai." Slavic Review 48, no. 1 (1989): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2498686.
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During the winter of 1922-1923 when she was just beginning her diplomatic career, Bolshevik activist Aleksandra Kollontai wrote two novels and several short stories that were immediately published in Russia and subsequently combined into two volumes under the titles Liubov’ pchel trudovykh and Zhenshchina na perelome. They were dismissed as mere autobiographical romances, indulging in unhealthy introspection and dangerously divorced from the “real” demands of society. At a time when Soviet Russia was facing enormous challenges connected with the reconstruction after the civil war and with the partial return to a market economy under the New Economic Policy (NEP), Kollontai's focus on domestic relationships and the status of women seemed narrow and excessively private.
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Юмашев, Валентин Викторович, and Марина Альбертовна Хатямова. "Premonition of the Civil War in the journalism of L. Andreev." Tomsk state pedagogical university bulletin, no. 1(231) (January 26, 2024): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/1609-624x-2024-1-123-131.
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Тема Гражданской войны в России находится под пристальным вниманием историков и философов; национальной катастрофе в судьбе страны посвящены многочисленные художественные произведения писателей разных мировоззренческих и эстетических представлений. Несмотря на то что публицистика Гражданской войны огромна, особый и менее исследованный пласт в ней составляют статьи и эго-документы писателей. Предметом настоящего исследования является осмысление Л. Андреевым важнейших событий – революций 1917 г. и Гражданской войны в России. Публицистические статьи писателя, публиковавшиеся в эсеровской газете «Русская воля» (1917–1919 гг.), дают возможность проследить эволюцию его восприятия ключевых событий в истории России ХХ в. В статьях первой половины 1917 г. Л. Андреев выражает вдохновение событиями Февральской революции и стремится передать это состояние читателям. С изменением политической ситуации в России к середине 1917 г. меняется и тон статей писателя. Андреев опасается возможной гибели России из-за изменения вектора развития революции, поэтому прибегает в своих статьях к борьбе словом – убеждениям, призывам и лозунгам, чтобы побудить своих читателей к продолжению борьбы за свободу страны. К сожалению, мы можем говорить лишь о предвидении писателем будущей трагедии в истории страны, так как жизнь Л. Андреева оборвалась в 1919 г., когда Гражданская война уже шла на территории России, но носила локальный характер, а главные события 1919–1920 гг. были еще впереди. Однако эволюция взглядов Леонида Андреева, авторитетного писателя, ставшего символом революции 1905 г., окажется близкой многим представителям творческой и научной интеллигенции в России. Как показало исследование, в своих статьях 1917–1919 гг. Андреев прозорливо предвидел и эмоционально-страстно стремился предотвратить наступление братоубийственной войны. The comprehension of the lessons and consequences of the Civil War in Russia is under the close attention of historians and philosophers; numerous works of fiction by writers of different ideological and aesthetic ideas are devoted to the national catastrophe in the fate of the country. Despite the fact that the journalism of the Civil War is huge, a special and less researched layer in it consists of articles and egodocuments of writers. The subject of this research is L. Andreev’s comprehension of the most important events – the revolutions of 1917 and the Civil War in Russia. The writer’s journalistic articles published in the Socialist-Revolutionary newspaper “Russian Will” (1917–1919) make it possible to trace the evolution of his perception of key events in the history of Russia of the twentieth century. In the articles of the first half of 1917, L. Andreev is inspired by the events of the February Revolution and seeks to convey this state to readers. With the change in the political situation in Russia by the middle of 1917, the tone of the writer’s articles also changed. Andreev fears the possible death of Russia due to a change in the vector of development of the revolution, so he resorts in his articles to the struggle of the word – beliefs, appeals and slogans to encourage his readers to continue the struggle for the freedom of the country. The death of the writer in 1919, when the Civil War was already underway on the territory of Russia, but was of a local nature, and the main events of 1919–1920 were still ahead, allows us to speak only about the writer’s foresight of the future tragedy in the history of the country. However, the evolution of the views of Leonid Andreev, an authoritative writer who became a symbol of the 1905 revolution, will be close to many representatives of the creative and scientific intelligentsia in Russia. As the study showed, in their articles of 1917–1919 Andreev foresaw and emotionally and passionately sought to prevent the onset of fratricidal war.
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Zalesskaya, Olga V., and Alena V. Orobii. "Image of a Chinese Revolutionary in the Era of the Civil War in the Far East: An Ideological Aspect (Based on the Novel My Great Brother by Ilya Chernev)." Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 25, no. 1 (2023): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2023.25.1.003.
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The aim of this interdisciplinary article is to analyse the image of a Chinese character, as well as reflect the historical facts of the presence of the Chinese in Russian fiction. The article focuses on the ideological context. The authors refer to My Great Brother (1954), a historical and revolutionary novel by Ilya Chernev. The novel highlights the main stages of the revolutionary struggle of the Amur and Trans-Baikal proletariat. Most of the key characters in the novel are Chinese people. In the article, following H. Gьnther, the authors single out four diverse characters, the Chinese, that reflect the participation of foreign revolutionaries during the civil war: a proletarian, a warrior, a victim, and a politician. The “historical” component of the article confirms that workers who were subjects of other states and stayed on the territory of Russia were recruited into armed formations to fight counter-revolutionary forces, taking an active part in the partisan movement, and supplying the partisans with food, medicines, and ammunition. The article identifies the reasons why the Chinese joined the revolutionary associations: liberation from exploitation, socialisation, but at the same time, the ideological instability of the Chinese revolutionaries due to the motley social composition and poor knowledge of the Russian language. The article discusses the artistic means Chernev employs to portray the Chinese characters. It is proved that the novel is an example of a work commissioned by the state. Even though the novel My Great Brother has not gained fame, its value is determined by the material itself underlying its artistic canvas. The participation of Chinese citizens in the civil war remains one of the little-studied topics of Russian history, and in literature, the novel My Great Brother is the only work of fiction on this topic.
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Авдашкин, А. А. "“Chinese Worker in Russia Takes the Rifle”: Formation and Development of the Image." Диалог со временем, no. 86(86) (April 3, 2024): 289–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2024.86.86.019.
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Статья посвящена изучению образа китайца-красноармейца на фронтах Гражданской войны в России. Внимание фокусируется на следующих ключевых сюжетах: создание образа, его постепенное «умолчание» в 1930-е гг. на фоне внутриполитических преобразований и обострения военно-политической ситуации на восточных рубежах, активное использование в условиях сближения СССР и КНР в 1950-е гг., переосмысление в современной России. Применение исторической имагологии как основного методологического подхода позволяет увидеть, как на примере китайцев, участвовавших в военных действиях, работали механизмы социальной инклюзии и эксклюзии. Источниковую базу составили материалы советской периодической печати, агитационные плакаты белого движения, произведения художественной литературы о Гражданской войне и современные российские киноленты, содержащие упоминания о китайцах в России того времени. Ключевой аргумент автора в том, что динамика репрезентации образа китайца красноармейца отражает амбивалентное отношение российского общества не только к китайским мигрантам, но и применительно к проблемам миграции в целом. В зависимости от состояния российско-китайских отношений и этапов присутствия китайцев в России происходит переосмысление образов «китайских красноармейских интернациональных отрядов». The article is devoted to the formation and development of the image of the Chinese Red Army soldier on the fronts of the Civil War in Russia. The author's attention is focused on the following key subjects: the creation of the image, its gradual “silence” in the 1930s against the background of internal political transformations and the aggravation of the military-political situation on the eastern borders, active use in the context of rapprochement between the USSR and China in the 1950s, rethinking in modern Russia. The main methodological approach is historical imagology. This scientific approach allows us to see how the mechanisms of social inclusion and exclusion worked in the example of the Chinese. The source base consisted of materials from Soviet periodicals, propaganda posters of the white movement, works of fiction about the Civil War and modern Russian films. The author’s key argument is that the dynamics of representation of the image of a Chinese Red Army soldier reflects the ambivalent attitude of Russian society not only towards Chinese migrants, but also towards migration problems. Rethinking the images of the “Chinese Red Army international detachments” at a turning point in Russian history depends on the state of Russian-Chinese relations and the stages of the presence of the Chinese in Russia.
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Nakhlik, Olesya. "VERBALIZATION OF RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR IN POLISH LITERARY REPORTS: THE TRAGEDY OF MAN IN THE POST-TRUTH ERA." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 38 (2022): 241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2022.38.241-258.
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The Revolution of Dignity and the war in the East of Ukraine caused the active emergence and formation of a whole segment of the new national literature, in which a special place was occupied by non-fiction: reportages, memoirs and recollections of the direct participants of these landmark events in the recent history of Ukraine. On the other hand, the appearance of collections of Polish literary reports by P. Pieniążek and T. Grzewaczewski about the Russian-Ukrainian war in the Donbass, about existence on the front line, as well as in other quasi-republics on the territories of post-Soviet states, resulted in an active public discussion also in Polish society about the causes and cardinal and irreversible consequences of armed conflicts in the life of a person, family, nation. The article analyzes for the first time in Ukrainian literary studies the way in which the vivid language of witnesses of dramatic events in the territories over which the „shadow” of Russian imperialism still hangs, conveys their deep personal stories of struggle for their own „truth”, painful losses, daily reconstruction of the destroyed reality, evacuation and preservation of home as the place of the only refuge. The article discusses in general the way of awareness, structuring and acceptance of a new reality through a non-artistic presentation of reality. Separate research attention has been focused on the reporters’ and their co-interlocutors’ reflections on the complex process of identity formation in the struggle against Soviet nostalgia, ideological manipulation and Russian propaganda, regional contradictions and under the influence of traumatic experiences of loss. This is the first attempt to explore the insightful observations and conversations the two reporters had about the war’s touching of human relations – the civil- ian population living in the basements of bombed-out houses, and the military, defending the front lines (on both sides). With careful use of literary metaphors and comparisons, the reportages by P. Pieniążek and T. Grzywaczewski are yet another important voice in the literature on the war caused by Russia, in addition to Ukrainian self-reflection.
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Ponomareva, E. G. "The World War II and its falsification in the Russian youth representations." RUDN Journal of Sociology 20, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2020-20-2-307-322.
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The events of the World War II play a special role in the contemporary social discourse as the basis of collective memory and civil culture. The current attempts of some Western countries to misrepresent and rewrite the history of the World War II and to belittle the role of the Red Army in the rout of Nazism pursue serious geopolitical goals. Effective opposition to the falsification of history depends on the quality of youths knowledge about that period (active historical memory) and the younger generations emotional association with the war winner. The article presents the results of the sociological study conducted on the eve of the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory. First, there was a survey at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (students aged 18-23) to identify the level of historical knowledge and assessments, sources (fiction and movies) of representations, ideas about reasons for the falsification of the World War II history and measures to oppose it. The questions were divided into three groups: historical (the level of basic knowledge), cultural-pedagogic, or emotional (questions about books and movies) and evaluative-predictive (reasons for the falsification of history and measures to oppose it). The study also aimed at comparing the results of the survey with all-Russian opinion polls and foreign surveys. Second, the author analyzed estimates of the reasons for the falsification of the war history and suggestions to oppose this negative trend, which were provided by leading experts from Russian and foreign universities and analytical centers. The comparison of the students and experienced researchers opinions revealed both similarities and differences in generational estimates, and allowed to identify some general ways to resist the intensified trend of the falsification of the war history.
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Gorbenko, Alexander Yu, and Vikentiy V. Chekushin. "‘Siberian Notes’ Journal as a Metatext: the System of Ideological Implications (1918–1919)." Вестник Пермского университета. Российская и зарубежная филология 15, no. 4 (2023): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2023-4-107-116.
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The article analyzes the changes in the ideological implications of the Siberian Notes journal that occurred in 1918–1919 (the journal ceased to exist in December 1919). At that time, the views of the key editorial staff members on the large-scale socio-political shifts taking place in Russia underwent significant evolution. After the outbreak of the Civil War and the dissolution of the Siberian Regional Duma, the modality of the texts changed noticeably. In fiction works, the authors of the journal continued to discuss the socio-political situation using the arsenal of nature metaphorics. However, in contrast to the period of 1916–1917, the present and the future were described pessimistically. The authors used the trope of spring as a sign of change, traditional for Siberian Notes, but this metaphor was devoid of those exclusively positive connotations that had dominated before. In addition, both fictional and non-fictional texts repeatedly introduced a combination of white and green as a color dominant. This was driven by the fact that the white-and-green banner became the flag of the Siberian Republic, which existed from June to November 1918 and was controlled by the Provisional Siberian Government, with the publisher and editor of the journal Vl. M. Krutovsky being the Minister of Internal Affairs. Apparently, this was the way the journal’s staff manifested their ideological affiliation and commitment to the ideas of regionalism. This is most perfectly exemplified in the last issue of Siberian Notes for 1918, where the intensity of the use of the white and green reached its peak. The issue opened with the program poem The Anthem of Siberia, in the first verse of which the white-green colors of the regionalists’ banner were compared with the colors of two key components of the Siberian space – ‘the white-green sea of the taiga’ and ‘the white quiet expanse’.
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Panchenko, Alexey. "The Former and the Forthcoming Apocalypse. Refl ection of Civilization Downfall in the Silver Age Fiction." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 2 (August 15, 2023): 401–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2023-0-2-401-415.
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The fi rst third of the twentieth century was the time of fundamental changes in Russian history, which many perceived as the death of civilization. At the same time, the presentiment of tragic events was typical for many cultural fi gures of the Silver Age. That is why the description of the doom of Atlantis became a widespread subject, which was present in the works of various genres, including fantasy. But if initially the interpretation of the myth of Atlantis was within the classical tradition, then gradually it began to be used as an allegorical description of the Russian Revolution, the Civil War and emigration. The general sense of impending anxiety was also refl ected in the works related to the prediction of the future, which was often seen as tragic. In a number of works the destruction of civilization was described through the destruction of the capital - either as the result of a natural cataclysm, or due to the actions of people, which was akin to the descriptions of the doom of Atlantis. Thus in the fi ction of the Silver Age the eschatological expectations characteristic of all society of this era were refl ected.
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Smith, Michael G. "Cinema for the “Soviet East”: National Fact and Revolutionary Fiction in Early Azerbaijani Film." Slavic Review 56, no. 4 (1997): 645–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2502116.
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Before the eyes of the vast, ignorant masses of the eastern nationalities, the fast-moving frames of cinema will reproduce the many achievements of human knowledge. For the illiterate audience, the electric beam of the magic motion-picture lamp will define new concepts and images, will make the wealth of knowledge more easily accessible to the backward mind.Bakinskii rabochii, 18 September 1923Pictures, so the first Bolsheviks believed, speak louder than words. Visual propaganda was essential in their campaign to reach the illiterate and poorly literate masses, to engage them in a new Soviet style of life. By the end of the civil war, every leading member of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party valued the political uses of film. As commissar of nationalities, Iosef Stalin recognized its potential; in his simple expression, film was “the greatest means of mass agitation.” Like cinema, the Bolsheviks appeared at the confluence of two worlds, the traditional and the modern. For them, film was the perfect medium by which to critique the old and celebrate the new. Film viewed the world as they did, with one measure of hard realism, another of soft utopianism.
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Larisa V., Zandanova, and Kulakova Yana V. "Organization of Students’ Work with Sources on the History of Native Land During the Training of a History Teacher." Scholarly Notes of Transbaikal State University 15, no. 5 (November 2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2658-7114-2020-15-5-40-47.
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The article is written on a relevant topic, about the training of students in the direction of “Pedagogical education (with two training profiles)” profile “History-Social Studies” for local history research at school. The research is based on the competence-based approach, taking into account the system-activity approach to the organization of training. Considerable attention is paid to the formation of source study knowledge by organizing work with such sources on the history of the native land as chronicles, sources of personal origin and fiction during the teaching of the discipline “Local history at school”. One of its parts, laying down basic knowledge and skills, is the section “Sources and historiography of the study of the region history”, consisting of a series of lectures and practical exercises. The authors presented the methods of organizing the educational activities of students with local history literature: compiling chronological tables, biographical and bibliographic dictionaries, annotated lists, note-taking skills of scientific publications, developing excursion routes, quizzes, project implementation, etc. Methodological techniques for the formation of the corresponding skills and abilities of students are demonstrated on the example of the topic “Civil War in Russia”. It is concluded that such a multifaceted theoretical and practical work with sources on the history of the native land contributes to the formation of professional competencies of the future history teacher, prepares him for local history work and the organization of local history research at school.
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Clements, Barbara Evans. "The Utopianism of the Zhenotdel." Slavic Review 51, no. 3 (1992): 485–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2500056.
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Much attention has been given lately to the utopianism that flourished in Soviet Russia during the civil war and NEP. Scholars have noted that the idea of women's emancipation figured as an important element in this utopianism, affecting diverse aspects of it—fictional portrayals of the communist society of the future, urban architectural plans, the character of public pageants, even clothing design. The names of the women who participated with men in creating these Utopian projects have been recorded. As yet, however, scholars have not asked whether the female Utopians of NEP shared the utopianism of their male comrades or whether women entertained a vision of their own, distinguishable from men's. If there are discernable differences, how do they compare to those which scholars have found between male and female Utopians elsewhere in Europe and in North America? Why did such diversity arise? What were its consequences?
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Шмелев, Д. В. "Revolution, Communism and Totalitarianism in Georges Bernanos’ Works." Диалог со временем, no. 83(83) (July 31, 2023): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2023.83.83.009.
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В статье исследуется жизненный путь, художественное творчество и публицистика крупнейшего французского католического писателя первой половины XX в. Жоржа Бернаноса. Несмотря на переводы на русский язык его художественных произведений, дневников и части публицистики, его политические взгляды, ангажированность почти не изучались. Вместе с тем они представляют интерес с точки зрения формирования правой, традиционалисткой позиции французских интеллектуалов перед лицом русской революции, советского опыта строительства нового общества социальной справедливости и равенства, торжества и крушения тоталитарных идеологий. Позиция Бернаноса – это позиция думающего католика, размышляющего о кризисе веры и причинах упадка западной христианской цивилизации, противостоящей советскому коммунизму. Восприятие Бернаносом революционных потрясений и тоталитарного опыта в Европе прошло через травматизм Первой мировой войны, разрыв с Шарлем Моррасом, морально-этический выбор в период гражданской войны в Испании и борьбу с фашизмом в годы Второй мировой войны. Статья написана на основе художественных произведений, дневников, эссе и статей в газетах, опубликованных Бернаносом в период между двумя мировыми войнами. The article examines the life path, artistic creativity and journalism of the largest French Catholic writer of the first half of the XX century, Georges Bernanos, was chosen. Despite the translations into Russian of his works of art, diaries and parts of his journalism, his political views and engagement were almost not studied. At the same time, they are of interest from the point of view of the formation of the right-wing, traditionalist position of French intellectuals in the face of the Russian revolution, the Soviet experience of building a new society of social justice and equality, the triumph and collapse of totalitarian ideologies. The position of Bernanos is the position of a thinking catholic reflecting on the crisis of faith and the causes of the decline of Western Christian civilization opposing Soviet communism. Bernanos perception of the revolutionary upheavals and totalitarian experience in Europe went through the traumatism of the World War I, the break with Charles Maurras, the moral and ethical choice during the Spanish Civil War and the fight against fascism during the World War II. The article is written on the basis of works of fiction, diaries, essays and articles in newspapers published by Bernanos in the Interwar period.
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Rekhacheva, T. V. "Russians’ attitude to the constitutional nihilism." Law Enforcement Review 6, no. 2 (June 22, 2022): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52468/2542-1514.2022.6(2).159-168.
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The subject of the research is the problem of constitutional nihilism in views of Russian citizens.The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove a hypothesis about a strong influence of constitutional nihilism in the Russian Federation on people mind. The research was made to identify the most and least dangerous forms of constitutional nihilism existing in the territory of the Russian Federation also.The methodology. The public opinion poll was conducted in Google Forms. The research consists of 15 open and closed questions. 1078 respondents from 28 constituent entities of the Russian Federation took part in the poll. They represent all eight Russian federal districts.The main results, the scope of application. Over 70% of respondents have a negative stance on constitutional nihilism especially after the approval of the last Constitutional Amendments in 2020. According to the public opinion poll, the majority of respondents evaluate the Russian Constitution of 1993 as positive. 67,1% of respondents agree that constitutional nihilism came from western countries and only almost a quarter of respondents stated the nature of constitutional nihilism as native Russian. 64,4% of respondents choose constitutional reform as the most dangerous form of constitutional nihilism. 62,1% of respondents choose the forming of unconstitutional legal awareness as the most dangerous form of constitutional nihilism and 49,8% choose authorities’ discredit as it. The least dangerous forms of constitutional nihilism according to public opinion pall are a civil war (39,7%) and constitutional fiction (31,6%).Conclusions. The results reveal a high level of unconstitutional legal awareness in Russian society. The author has confirmed its hypotheses and discovered the most and the least dangerous forms of constitutional nihilism. The author plans to repeat the research the next year and cover people from more Russian constituent entities.
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Babicheva, Maya. "“Twice Crowned” (Leonid Yuzefovich – Laureate of the Big Book)." Stephanos Peer reviewed multilanguage scientific journal 47, no. 3 (May 31, 2021): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24249/2309-9917-2021-47-3-86-97.
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The article discusses the two-aspect nature of the contribution of L.A. Yuzefovich into Russian culture, as a reflection of the specifics of his gift. The criterion for the writer’s achievements was chosen to be a double leader in the national literary prize «Big Book» (a unique case in its history). The purpose of the article is to show the genre specificity of the individual style of Yuzefovich, which doubled the significance of his works for Russian literature and culture in general. The well-known Bulgakovʼs metaphor is applicable to the work of this writer completely. In this case, the right and left hand of the pianist can be considered fiction and documentary proze. A writer’s achievements in each of these areas greatly contribute to his success in the other. The leading place in the work of Yuzefovich the fiction writer is occupied by a large epic form. His novels with criminal plot, as a rule, have a pronounced detective line. The action takes place in different eras in different locations. These are Moscow and Western Europe of the 17th century, imperial Petersburg of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, Perm in the 1920s., etc. Specific historical details are reproduced in detail, the atmosphere of the era is recreated. Critics have repeatedly noted the writer’s ability to convey the spirit of the times in artistic form. The documentary prose of this author is a continuation of his scientific career (he is PhD in historical sciences). The beginning of this direction in his work was laid by the artistically revised dissertation research of the scientist. Subsequently, the main interest of Yuzefovich as the author of documentary proze focused on the events of the Civil War in Siberia and the Far East. The writer’s historical books have a fascinating plot and are written in good literary language. The best (to date) works of Yuzefovich of each of the named directions were awarded the Big Book Prize (the 1st place), awarded for a significant contribution to Russian culture and increasing the social significance of Russian literature. These are the novel «Cranes and the Dwarfs» (prize 2009) and the documentary novel «Winter Road» (prize 2015). Both works reveal important stages in Russian history and, at the same time, deserve high praise for their artistic form.
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SALIENKO, A. P. "SEMANTICS OF THE CONCEPT OF “STEED”/“HORSE”IN THE RUSSIAN ART OF THE FIRST THIRD OF THE20TH CENTURY: “A HORSE AS A HORSE” AND “WE AREALL A LITTLE BIT HORSES”." LOMONOSOV HISTORY JOURNAL 64, no. 2023, №5 (May 16, 2024): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0083-8-2023-64-5-155-174.
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The article continues the research on the artistic image in the Russian art of the first third of the 20th century and aims at studying the concepts of “steed”/“horse” in the art of the 1900s-1920s. From the beginning of revolutionary transformations in Russian art to the changes after 1917, the semantic meaning of the artistic image in its evolution is of particular interest. The basis for the study is largely fiction, in which the horse image was formed most fully. The multidimensionality of semantic relations within the boundaries of the synonymic paradigm with the general meaning of “horse” is examined in the article on the material of fine arts. The author studies the diversity of artistic roles, symbolic and semantic functions, which were given to the horse image in the art of a certain period and reveals the specificity of these roles depending on the artistic concept. Identification and recognition of the image occurs at different levels. The content of the concept is not revealed only through the plot. Unexpected semantic associations, suggested to the artist by visual, worldly, intellectual, emotional experience or creative intuition, are also possible. In this context, the quotations in the title of the article mark two main notions: “a horse as a horse” (V. Shershenevich) actualizes the direct meaning of “a horse as an animal”, and “we are all a little bit horses” (V. Mayakovsky) is a zoometaphor defining the inner state of a person. At this stage of the study, we can distinguish five main sections that allow us to structure and order the set of works containing the horse image: a village, a city, a rider, Apocalypse, a historical event (here the Civil War and collectivization). In order to fully understand the specifics of the semantic content of the horse image in the art during the study period, it is necessary to carry out some additional research. So far, the proposed text cannot claim to be an exhaustive solution to the problem, but outlines the vectors that allow us to continue its study.
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Schmitz, Neil, David Madden, and Peggy Bach. "Classics of Civil War Fiction." American Literature 64, no. 3 (September 1992): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2927758.
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Stepanov, A. I. "The Civil War in Russia." Russian Studies in History 32, no. 4 (April 1994): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rsh1061-1983320473.
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Kozhukharov, Roman R. "The Collected Works of Vladimir Narbut: Archives, texts, and approaches." Tekst. Kniga. Knigoizdanie, no. 28 (2022): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23062061/28/8.
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The last lifetime poetry collection of Vladimir Narbut was published in 1922. Started by the poet in the 1930s, work on the preparation of the book of selected poems Spiral was interrupted by his arrest and, subsequently, tragic death in Kolyma in 1938. Since then, separate editions of Narbut’s works have been published three times: in 1983 the poet Leonid Chertkov compiled a collection Vladimir Narbut. Selected Poems in France; in 1990 N. Panchenko and N. Byalosinskaya published the book Vladimir Narbut. Poems in the USSR; in 2018 the OGI publishing house published the book Vladimir Narbut. Collected Works. Poems, Translations, Prose. The third, latest in nearly a hundred years, reference to the works of one of the most distinctive poets of the era in the context of preparing a separate collection of his oeuvre actualized the issue of developing approaches to be guided by when compiling the forthcoming collection. The key element here seemed to be the comprehension of the experience of preparing the previous separate editions of 1983 and 1990, as well as the scientifically commented publications of Narbut’s works made by researchers in the literary periodicals of the late 20th - early 21st centuries. The closest correlation of the tragic ups and downs of Narbut’s life with the “geological upheaval” of the 1917 Revolution and the Civil War led to the ambiguous dependence of the posthumous fate of the poet’s creative heritage on the context of the era, diametrically opposed and mutually exclusive attitudes in the perception of key events in Russian and world history of the 20th century. The preparation of Narbut’s collected works was planned in the interconnection of two directions: (1) the continuation of work to eliminate the “blank spots” in the poet’s biography, and (2) the formation of the most complete collection of Narbut’s fiction for the first time supplemented, in addition to poetic texts, with prose and translations. In preparation for the publication of Narbut’s literary texts included in the collected works, the issue of using a real commentary as the main approach in preparing notes was updated, taking into account the biographical, historical, literary, folklore, mythological, and linguistic aspects. Directions were set by the thorough work that began in the 1983 edition, and especially in the 1990 edition. The bulk of research on Narbutov’s texts and biographical facts was carried out in the funds of the Odessa Literary Museum and the Odessa National Library named after A.M. Gorky (Odessa periodicals of the 1920s), in state and private archives and funds of Moscow, including the Manuscript Department, the main and newspaper funds of the Russian State Library, in the department of manuscripts of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, in the archives of the Federal Security Service, the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, the State Archive of the Russian Federation.
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Boterbloem, Kees. "Russia in flames: war, revolution, civil war, 1914-1921." Historian 83, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00182370.2021.1933817.
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Lalande, J. Guy. "Russia in flames: war, revolution, civil war 1914–1921." Canadian Slavonic Papers 61, no. 2 (January 2, 2019): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00085006.2018.1555950.
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Korobeinikov, Aleksandr. "Russia in Flames. War, Revolution, Civil War, 1914–1921." Europe-Asia Studies 71, no. 9 (October 21, 2019): 1615–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2019.1674531.
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Simonova, Olga A. "A Civil War Heroine Liudmila Mokievskaya-Zubok: Historical Documents and Fictional Character." Studia Litterarum 6, no. 3 (2021): 408–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2021-6-3-408-425.
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The article discusses the influence of historical evidence about Liudmila Mokievskaya-Zubok on her fictional character. Mokievskaya-Zubok was a heroine of the Russian Civil War, the only famous female commander of the armored train. Obituaries honor Mokievskaya as both a comrade and a commander but also emphasize her femininity, which does not seem to contradict her performing of combat tasks. Mokievskaya became a fictional character due to the efforts of her friend, a writer Zinaida Chalaya. In her essay “Commander of an Armored Train,” Chalaya described Mokievskaya according to the template: girl — commander — hero. This sequence forms the matrix of the heroine’s canonization. In 1923, Chalaya’s story “At Dawn” was published. The main character was inspired by Liudmila Mokievskaya while the author herself seems to have served a prototype for this character’s rival. The plot of it is based on the love story which was not mentioned in Mokievskaya’s biography. In both the obituaries and Chalaya’s story, a new femininity is constructed: the female character is an active agent who plays a part not usually attributed to a woman but that is, however, asserted as normative. Mokievskaya’s life story had a narrative potential that manifested itself in oral legends as well as her subsequent memorialization.
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Leonov, Sergey. "Civil war in Russia: essence, periodization, features." Российская история, no. 1 (2019): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086956870004217-9.
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Puchenkov, Aleksandr. "REFLECTING ON THE CIVIL WAR IN RUSSIA." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series "Humanitarian and Social Sciences", no. 4 (September 10, 2020): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2227-6564-v031.
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Goldin, Vladislav I. "The North on the Pages of Encyclopediс Editions on the Civil War in Russia: Problems of Interpretation and Representation." Arctic and North, no. 50 (March 21, 2023): 234–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/issn2221-2698.2023.50.234.
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The article characterizes the study of the Civil War in Russia at the present stage in connection with the centenary of this epoch. The author points out the most important research projects implemented in Russia and abroad. The article summarizes the research results and reviews the current state of histori-ography of the Civil War and intervention in the Russian North. The author presents an overview of the consideration of problems and events of this epoch in Northern Russia in the Russian encyclopedias about the Civil War. The article gives a detailed critical analysis of the key problems of the Civil War in the North of Russia and the life of this region, its population on the pages of 3-volumes encyclopedia “Russia in the Civil War”, issued in Moscow in 2021. In contrast to simplistic representations and distortions of facts, the author reveals the real processes that took place on the northern territories of Russia during the dramatic era of Civil War, reflects on the prospects of further research.
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Goldin, V. I. "On the Ways of Comprehension of the Civil War in Russia: Key Problems and Historical Memory." Modern History of Russia 11, no. 2 (2021): 518–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2021.214.
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This article describes the all-Russian scientific conference “International Intervention and Civil War in Russia and the Russian North: key problems, historical memory, and lessons of history”, held in Arkhangelsk, September 10–11, 2020. Co-organizers of the conference were the Russian Military-Historical Society and its Arkhangelsk branch, the Government of the Arkhangelsk Region, the M. V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University , and the Association of the Russian Civil War Scholars. Conference sponsors were the Russian Military- Historical Society and the Government of the Arkhangelsk Region. Established and younger scholars from 14 regions of Russia, as well as from Ukraine and Norway, took part in the conference and its proceedings. Conference participators considered the key problems of genesis, origins, and causes for the Russian Civil War, its modern conceptualization, the role of international intervention in Russia and the Russian North, results, consequences, and historical lessons of this war. Special attention was given to preparing of Volume XII (in two books), Civil War in Russia, 1917–1922, of the 20-volume academic series History of Russia and problems of historical and cultural memory of the Russian Civil War. Four sections and three roundtables considered questions of the dialectical relationship of international intervention and Civil War in Russia and the Russian North; of international, national, regional, and local dimensions of the Civil War; and of the individual at war. Conference participators pointed out the necessity of responsible, competent, and objective historical studies of the Russian Civil War, an attitude of care towards existing monuments and memorials, and strict examination and scientific expertise of new memorial projects devoted to this war.
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Goldin, Vladislav I. "The Russian Civil War: History and Memory." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 6 (December 15, 2020): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v069.
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This paper covers the results of the All-Russian Scientific Conference “Allied Intervention and the Civil War in the Russian North: Key Problems, Historical Memory and Lessons of History” that was held in Arkhangelsk in September 10–11, 2020. Scholars from 14 regions of Russia as well as from Ukraine and Norway took part. The participants discussed important problems of the War’s origins and reasons, contemporary conceptualization, results and consequences, historical lessons and memory about the war, as well as the role of Allied Intervention in Russia and the Russian North. In addition, the questions of dialectic of Allied Intervention and the Civil War in Russia and the Russian North were considered, as well as the War’s international, national, regional and local dimensions, its military, political, economic, social, and cultural processes, and the issue of humans in the war. The participants attended the opening of the Yuryev Military Line memorial in the military-historical park located at the battlefield of 1918–1919 along Arkhangelsk–Moscow railroad.
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Casey Clabough. "Great Men and the Civil War: New Historical Fiction." Sewanee Review 116, no. 4 (2008): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sew.0.0076.
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Wilkens, M. "The Geographic Imagination of Civil War-Era American Fiction." American Literary History 25, no. 4 (October 24, 2013): 803–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajt045.
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Ivliev, P. V., and S. V. Kondrashov. "Theory of legal fiction in the civil doctrine of Russia." Аграрное и земельное право, no. 8 (2022): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47643/1815-1329_2022_8_18.
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Sanborn, Joshua. "Laura Engelstein. Russia in Flames: War, Revolution, Civil War, 1914–1921." American Historical Review 123, no. 3 (May 30, 2018): 1047–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/123.3.1047.
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Bryantsev, M. V. "THE CIVIL WAR IN RUSSIA (PROBLEMS OF UNDERSTANDING)." Tractus Aevorum 5, no. 1 (April 24, 2018): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18413/2312-3044-2018-5-1-8-15.
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Goldin, Vladislav. "The civil war in Northern Russia, 1918–1920." Acta Borealia 17, no. 2 (January 2000): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08003830008580512.
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Goldin, V. I. "RUSSIA IN THE CIVIL WAR: NORTHERN REGIONAL DIMENSION." Учёные записки Петрозаводского государственного университета 45, no. 1 (January 2023): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/uchz.art.2023.860.
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Sona Singh. "Russia-Ukraine War: Impact on Russian Civil Society." ijpmonline 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/ijpm.1.13.
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On February 24 this year, Russia launched its “special military operations” against Ukraine and that set-in motion a chain of events which have had immense repercussions on all forms of Russian life. According to President Putin, this operation on Ukraine was necessary in order to “denazify” and “demilitarise” Ukraine. Many Russian experts believed that the operation was long overdue and the Russian side had been preparing for it, especially in the wake of the large Russian military presence on its border areas with Ukraine from 2021 onwards. In this article, I have argued how the Russian civil society, a fragile space struggling to reclaim its place in the country in the aftermath of the Foreign Agents Law in 2012, is impacted by the Russia- Ukraine war and how it conducts itself now will decide the future of civil society space in Russia.
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Blinnikov, D. G. "Kazan Kremlin during the Civil War in Russia." Heritage and Modern Times 7, no. 1 (June 16, 2024): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52883/2619-0214-2024-7-1-16-25.
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Based on archival sources, facts characterizing the state and use of the buildings of the Kazan Kremlin during the Civil War are analyzed. This period is primarily associated with the deployment of military units in the Kremlin and the deployment of command courses for the Red Army here.
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Betz, David. "The Future of War Is Civil War." Social Sciences 12, no. 12 (November 22, 2023): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12120646.
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This essay discusses the more potent forces driving the West toward a future of war which is civil war centred upon the destruction of ‘global’ cities through exploitation of their intrinsic instability. The first part of this essay will establish the plausibility of its main premise, namely the inevitability of outright, active, and wide-scale civil war in North America and Western Europe. I shall demonstrate that there are well-understood indicators showing that our current societal arrangements are failing at an accelerating rate. The second part will briefly address the strengths and weaknesses of the extant future war literature, focusing mainly upon influential works of fiction rather than the quasi-rigorous outpourings of the ‘futurology’ discipline. In the third part, I will describe the shape or character of the wars to come which, in short form, I expect to exhibit the following: a distinctive rural versus urban dimension; jarring societal splits along the fracture lines of multiculturalism; a ‘hi-lo’ mix of weapons featuring extensive innovative reuse of civil tech for military purpose, particularly attacks on infrastructure; and a ‘shock of the old’ reversion-mutation to savage tactics, notably the use of famine and destruction of shelter as tools of coercion. This last section of the paper is partly based on approximately ten years of examining the darker corners of the internet listening to what incipient revolutionaries, neo-anarchists, and want-to-be militiamen think and talk about.
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Sivkov, S. M. "AND AGAIN TO THE ISSUE OF «RED TROUBLES»." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2016-3-95-98.
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The article provides a review of the work of a famous member of the First world and the civil war in Russia, an Expat, a supporter of the ideas of General Kutepov Colonel Zaitcova A. A. “1918: essays on the history of the Russian Civil war"publisher “X-History", 2015. The author reveals the main content of the work and special approach A. A. Sizova closely connected with the events of the Civil war with the First world war, made a conclusion about the nature of war in Russia. Disclosed some biographical data of Colonel A. A. Zaitcova.
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Coleman, Heather J. "Russia in Flames: War, Revolution, Civil War 1914-1921 by Laura Engelstein." Histoire sociale/Social history 52, no. 105 (2019): 229–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/his.2019.0017.
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Rendle, Matthew. "Russia in Flames: War, Revolution, Civil War, 1914-1921. By Laura Engelstein." Journal of Social History 53, no. 1 (April 18, 2018): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shy026.
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Nicki Hitchcott. "Visions of Civil War and Genocide in Fiction from Rwanda." Research in African Literatures 48, no. 2 (2017): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.48.2.11.
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Manteiga, Roberto, and Malcolm Alan Compitello. "Ordering the Evidence: Volveras a Region and Civil War Fiction." Hispania 68, no. 1 (March 1985): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/341602.
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Greenberg, Amy S. "Keeping Occupied: The Civil War Homefront in Fiction and History." Reviews in American History 38, no. 4 (December 2010): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.2010.a407697.
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Nikilev, Oleksandr. "Educational policy of the authorities in the national regions of Katerinoslav - Dnipropetrovsk (1920s – 1930s)." Universum Historiae et Archeologiae 4, no. 2 (July 18, 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/26210422.
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The aim is to analyze the educational policy of the state in the national districts of Katerynoslav province, later – on the territory of Dnipropetrovska oblast with the biggest concentration of the national formations in the republic. Research methods: historical-genetic, historical-comparative and historical-systemic. The main results. It was detected that after the ending of the civil war, representatives of national minorities perceived the ideology of the Bolshevik government without enthusiasm. To strengthen their influence in this environment, they decided to create human resources from local population that were loyal to the party. In the complex of measures that were directed to solve this problem, the most important place was given to the educational policy, on the base on the influence of consciousness of the society and in the first place to its growing generation. It was done by creating a network of general and secondary special educational institutions. The specific formation of this policy in the region is shown. Quantitative indicators testified that on the territory of Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovs’k) notice able positive results took place in the sphere of education. Despite the proclamation of priority in the development of education, the state did not allocate enough money for this sphere. There were serious problems with providing educational literature in the native language. Circulations and nomenclature of planned educational manuals did not meet the needs. That is why teachers of schools and secondary special educational institutions needed to conduct the educational process due to pre-revolionary or Russian textbooks, or even due to fiction literature. There was a shortage of school facilities. However, it is noted that to the end of the 1920s among national minorities, the percentage of primary education coverage ranged from 80 % to almost 100 %. It is emphasized that a network of various secondary special educational institutions were created. The training of specialists was under a significant ideological influence. From the early 1930s, the policy of indigenization, liquidation of educational institutions, and repression of their pedagogical staff began under the slogans of accusations of “espionage” and “counterrevolutionary activity”. In the middle of 1938 educational institutions of all national minorities ceased to exist. Concise conclusions: educational policy among national minorities in Katerynoslav region was conducted in accordance with the proclamation, which consisted in the introduction of party ideology through the formation in the system of institutions of national education of personnel trained in the spirit of Bolshevik ideology. In the 1920s it was properly implemented. From the early 1930s, educational policy began to change and teaching in national languages began to curtail, accompanied by repression of educators. The process ended in middle of 1938 with liquidation of educational institutions of all types and transition to Russian or Ukrainian languages. In this way, the authorities initiated the process of assimilation and Russification of national minorities in the region. Type of article: research article.
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Donoghue, Samuel. "Identification and Empathy in Perpetrator Fiction on the Spanish Civil War." Modern Language Review 118, no. 4 (October 2023): 496–520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2023.a907834.
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Abstract: This article analyses the ethically suspect processes of identification and empathy mobilized by Miguel Dalmau's 2009 work of perpetrator fiction, La noche del Diablo . It draws on narratological perspectives on character identification and narrative empathy and on philosophical discussions on the necessity of attempting to comprehend the motivations of those who commit evil acts. Informed by these narratological and philosophical insights, the article argues that perpetrator fiction about the Spanish Civil War is a psychologically useful tool for expanding our understanding of how individuals commit atrocities and for enhancing our awareness of ourselves as potential agents of perpetration.
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Puchenkov, Aleksandr. "Across Russia: A New Word About the Civil War." Rossiiskaia istoriia, no. 6 (2019): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086956870007422-5.
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Mikhaylov, Vadim. "THE CIVIL WAR IN RUSSIA: OVERCOMING IDEOLOGY – ASSERTING SCIENCE." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series "Humanitarian and Social Sciences", no. 4 (September 10, 2020): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2227-6564-v030.
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Kowalsky, Daniel. "Operation X: Soviet Russia and the Spanish Civil War." Bulletin of Spanish Studies 91, no. 1-2 (January 24, 2014): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14753820.2013.868655.
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Shahid, Hamas. "Tracing Death as a Political Instrument: A Study of Osama Alomar’s Selected Collections of Flash Fiction." NUML journal of critical inquiry 21, no. II (December 31, 2023): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/numljci.v21iii.262.
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This research article analyzes two collections of flash fiction including Fullblood Arabian (2014) and The Teeth of the Comb and Other Stories (2017) written by Osama Alomar, a Syrian refugee author. Guided by the theoretical framework of necropolitics as proposed by Achille Mbembe, this article investigates the constant presence of death and its multifaceted role in the wake of the Syrian civil war as portrayed in Alomar’s selected collections of flash fiction. The article attempts to study how death becomes an instrument in the civil war, widely used, manipulated, and exploited by various actors during the conflict-ridden period, each employing it differently. Although the selected collections of flash fiction demonstrate that death takes on many forms and performs multiple functions in the backdrop of the Syrian civil war, this research article narrows its scope to the analysis of how death is used as a political pawn and a political statement. At the outset of this research, it is postulated that the ruling Syrian regime transforms death and its fear into an instrument to intimidate and subdue Syrian civilian characters, thereby downplaying death as merely a political pawn. On the contrary, death also emerges as a political statement of the Syrian civilian characters as they begin to embrace death as a form of political activism to bring about social and political change in Syria. Invoking Catherine Belsey’s textual analysis method, some flash fiction stories from the selected collections are analyzed to study how the ruling Syrian regime and civilian characters reconfigure death in the wake of the Syrian civil war.
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Gagkuev, R. G. "«Today we need to talk about the Civil War with restraint, without the desire to take anyone’s side...»." Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity 9, no. 1 (2024): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-1-6-12.
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Ruslan Grigorievich Gagkuev — Doctor of Historical Sciences, Chairman of the Board of the Russian Historical Society, Executive Director of the History of the Fatherland Foundation, leading researcher at the Center for Military History of Russia at the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Wellknown researcher of the history of the Civil War in Russia. Ruslan Grigorievich visited Omsk several times on scientific affairs. This interview was agreed upon during the preparation of the V International Scientific and Practical Conference «Civil War in the East of Russia: A Look Through the Documentary Heritage». The interview was given remotely and then edited by Ruslan Grigorievich from Moscow in October 2023. The conversation is devoted to the current state of the study of the Civil War in Russia and the development of domestic historical science.