Relevant bibliographies by topics / Civil internment

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Civil internment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Civil internment"

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Bikše, Ginta Ieva. "Spanish Civil War participants in the internment camps in France: Latvian case (1939–1941)." Latvijas Vēstures Institūta Žurnāls 116 (July 2022): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/lviz.116.06.

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In early 1939, after retreat from Catalonia, more than 50 Latvians, former participants of the Spanish Civil War, crossed Spanish–French border and ended up in internment camps in France. The aim of the current article is to give an overview and analyse the experience of Latvian men in internment camps. The article focuses on social activities and mutual relations, living conditions and their differences in internment camps in Saint-Cyprien, Argelès-sur-Mer, Gurs, Le Vernet etc., considering the beginning of the Second World War and the establishment of Vichy regime. Furthermore, the attitude of Latvian authorities towards Latvian citizens and possibilities for Latvian men to depart from the internment camps in France have been considered.
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Prata-Ribeiro, H. "The Portuguese Mental Health Law –the Criteria for Compulsory Internment." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1798.

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The Portuguese Mental Health Law is complex, aiming to ensure patients liberties and basic civil rights are respected. A specific part of this law regards the compulsory internment and its criteria, being as protective as possible, in order to prevent wrongful internments for people against their will.The aim of this study is to analyze the mechanisms available to ensure liberty, in a law apparently about coercion.The methods used consisted in analyzing the law and interpreting its most important details, mentioning them so they can be read and used as examples.It can be concluded that the Portuguese law has a very strict list of mandatory criteria for the possibility of the compulsory internment, as a way of ensuring no people suffer it wrongfully. The most important being that no person can be interned compulsory if not considered to suffer from a severe mental disease, not being that enough and having to at least present risk for themselves or others, or to juridical goods of high value. Thus, revaluation of the patient is mandatory only five days after the internment by two different doctors, being the same process assured from then on every two months. Only possible flaw lays on the fact that there is no maximum amount of time predicted for internment, being that always dependent of the revaluations made. Although, the law is considered to be good and prevent abusive use of the compulsory internments.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Kunioka, Todd T., and Karen M. McCurdy. "Relocation and Internment: Civil Rights Lessons from World War II." PS: Political Science & Politics 39, no. 03 (July 2006): 503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096506060744.

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Guse, John C. "Polo Beyris: A Forgotten Internment Camp in France, 1939–47." Journal of Contemporary History 54, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 368–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009417712113.

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Polo Beyris is a virtually unexplored example of internment under French and German authorities. From 1939 to 1947 the camp of Polo Beyris in Bayonne held successively: Spanish Civil War refugees, French colonial prisoners of war, suspected ‘collaborators’ and German prisoners of war. Despite having up to 8600 prisoners at one time, the large camp and its numerous satellite work detachments were literally ‘forgotten’ for decades. Although similar to other camps in its improvised nature, wretched living conditions, lack of food and constant movement of prisoners, Polo Beyris was also unique: located in a dense urban area, within the wartime Occupied Zone and close to the Spanish frontier. Its civil and military administrators were faced with constantly changing, and often chaotic, political and military circumstances. Not a waystation in the Holocaust, Polo Beyris has been lost from the sight of historians. It provides an additional dimension to the complex history of internment in twentieth century France.
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Bakhturina, Alexandra Yu, Natalia V. Rostislavleva, and Hannes Boсk. "Families of “Enemy Foreigners” in Russia and Germany in the Days of the First World War 1914–18." Herald of an archivist, no. 1 (2022): 214–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2022-1-214-228.

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The article considers an aspect of the history of civil captivity during World War I which, by itself, had not been previously studied — i.e., influence of the internment policy on the situation of “enemy foreigners” families. Until recently, the historiography addressed only the situation of civilian prisoners, men of military age, while the situation of their families was only mentioned. Drawing on documents from the Russian and German archives, as well as on the published sources, including legislative acts, petitions of individuals, memoirs and diaries, a comparative analysis has been carried out of the policy of the authorities in Russia and Germany towards hostile state citizens and their family members. It is concluded that, although the policy of internment in Russia and Germany was not directed strictly against this group of enemy subjects, its very course had a significant impact on their situation. The formation of legal foundations of internment in the Russian Empire is considered. The article shows the changed approaches to internment of enemy subjects under the influence of situation at the front and situation of the individual front-line territories. It has been established that in a number of cases, it was required to deport from front-line areas not only men liable for military service — citizens of states fighting with Russia, but also their family members. In Germany, the rules for internment were unclear, but the established practice also affected the situation of women and children. In both states, when interning men of military age, family members often followed them to camps and places of deportation. The proximity of cultural, economic, and family ties between the citizens of Russia and Germany on the brink of the First World War resulted in a conflict between nationality and citizenship. Russian citizens in Germany, despite being of German origin, became hostile foreigners. The article analyzes the situation of interned family members in German camps. In some cases, there were organized schools for children. A wide variety of reasons caused the breakdown of family ties: different citizenship of family members, loss of loved ones in displacement, internment of some family members, while other remained at their place of residence. It is concluded that there are similarities, as well as differences in the methods of internment in Russia and Germany, which in both cases negatively affected the situation of the families of hostile state citizens.
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Whyte, Susan Reynolds, and Esther Acio. "Generations and Access to Land in Postconflict Northern Uganda: “Youth Have No Voice in Land Matters”." African Studies Review 60, no. 3 (November 29, 2017): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2017.120.

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Abstract:Generational tensions are one of the many forms that land conflicts take in northern Uganda. The convention in Acholiland was that young men gained land-use rights through their fathers and young women gained them through their husbands. This pattern of generational governance has become complicated in the wake of the civil war and decades of internment in IDP camps. Lacking husbands, young women are using land of their patrilateral kin, while young men who grew up with their mothers may use that of their matrilateral relatives. This article, based on fieldwork in the Acholi subregion between 2014 and 2016, explores classic anthropological concerns about gerontocracy and patriliny in a contemporary postconflict situation. It describes the discreet land access strategies of young men and women and the ways in which they seek to complement dependence on relatives by renting or buying land. The image of the “war generation” as morally spoiled is countered by an examination of the consequences of war and internment for young people’s claims to use land.
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Fischer, Gerhard. "Enemy Aliens: Internment and the Homefront War in Australia, 1914–1920." Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies, no. 30/3 (September 1, 2021): 107–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.30.3.07.

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During the First World War, the German Australian community, the largest non-Anglo-Celtic group, became the target of a relentless campaign of persecution, internment and deportation that resulted in its dismemberment and the destruction of its socio-cultural infrastructure. Under the country’s belligerent Prime Minister, W.M. Hughes, the machinery of government was used to suspend basic civil rights and the rule of law, while Australian civilians were called upon to participate in the “homefront war” against an imagined internal enemy. The government’s aim was to serve the cause of Im- perial Britain and its commercial supremacy, and to secure the future of White Australia as the home of an imaginary, exclusive “British race.”
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Friedman, Max Paul. "Trading Civil Liberties for National Security: Warnings from a World War II Internment Program." Journal of Policy History 17, no. 3 (July 2005): 294–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jph.2005.0016.

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A recurring theme in American political discourse is how to strike the appropriate balance between protecting the nation against threats to its security without eroding the liberty that is at the heart of its democratic character. Civil liberties versus national security is a choice apparently to be made in every crisis and every war, whether hot or cold. We can trace the debate from the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 through Abraham Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus, to the Red Scares that followed both world wars. The classic case of going too far, and the most widely repudiated example, is the illegal mass internment of more than 110,000 Japanese Americans, most of them U.S. citizens, without charge, during World War II. Today, in what is commonly called the war on terrorism, hawks and doves take up their customary positions on opposing sides of the old argument as they debate the U.S.A Patriot Act, the imprisonment of foreigners at Camp Delta on Guantánamo Bay, and the indefinite detention of American citizens by presidential order.
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Lee, Seok-Won. "An Insider’s Response to Racism: Abe Fortas and the Japanese Question during the Asia-Pacific War, 1941–1945." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 28, no. 4 (December 21, 2021): 295–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-28040001.

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Abstract Abe Fortas (1910–1982) has been best known for service during his legal career as an Associate Justice on the Supreme Court of the United States for four years from 1965 to 1969. His supporters have characterized his life as a lawyer who supported and defended the American Civil Rights Movement during the tumultuous periods of the 1950s and 1960s in the United States. However, observers of his career have paid little attention to the fact that Fortas was one of the few American bureaucrats who took the stand in defense of those of Japanese ancestry in the official hearings in the 1980sinvestigating the internment of Japanese Americans during World War ii. Fortas, as undersecretary in the Department of the Interior from 1942 to 1946, had a close relationship to key U.S. policies dealing with people of Japanese ancestry during the Asia-Pacific War, including the establishment of martial law in Hawai‘i and the ending of the Japanese internment. Fortas’s responses to and critiques of U.S. policy regarding the Japanese American question reveal the intertwined dynamics of how white racism developed and challenges against it at the governmental level.
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Azuma, Eiichiro. "From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Reinterpreting the Japanese American Internment in an International Context." Reviews in American History 33, no. 1 (2005): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.2005.0001.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Civil internment"

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DEL, ZOPPO SILVIA. "«FERRAMONTI VERGESSEN WIR NICHT»: HISTORICAL AND AESTHETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON MUSIC IN A FASCIST INTERNMENT CAMP 1940-1945." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/581980.

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Ferramonti di Tarsia (Cosenza) was the largest fascist internment camp in Italy in terms of both its size and number of internees. Although its existence and the historical events concerning it - i.e. its founding preceding the Italian entry into the Second World War, its liberation on September 14, 1943 and definitive closure in 1945 after a period of British administration – represent an almost forgotten chapter of Italian history – considerable cultural and musical activities took place there. Being characterized by the presence of almost exclusively foreign prisoners, mostly Jews coming from Germany or countries under Nazi occupation (especially Poland, Austria, Czechoslovakia), from the Balkans (significant presence of Croats and Serbs) and from the Italian possessions in the Mediterranean Sea (Rhodes and Benghazi), Ferramonti served as an absurd and random meeting place of cultures, languages, traditions and religions in the inaccessible Calabrian hinterland. Among the prisoners, often with a very high level of education, there were several professional musicians, such as Lav Mirski, Kurt Sonnenfeld, Isak Thaler, Paul Gorin, Oscar Klein, Leon Levitch, Ladislav Sternberg, etc. The extreme cultural diversity was reflected in the musical production and several performing activities accompanied everyday life in the camp: concerts and variety programs, which took place in a barrack serving as a theatre; the establishment of a choir that accompanied both Jewish, Catholic and Greek-Orthodox rituals (a unique case not only with regard to KZ-Musik); musical and general education for children attending the Lagerschule, just to mention few striking aspects. On the basis of personal and administrative sources and documents, this work focuses on the specific relationships between a non-lieu of deportation such as Ferramonti and the musical and human experience of interned musicians; the way in which detention and coexistence within the camp of people of various backgrounds who were forced to interact was indeed a crucial factor, not only for musical production but also for the survival and the future of most of the inmates. The different forms of Lagermusik are analyzed also in comparison with literary production from internment camps and through a philosophical perspective.
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O'Neal, Jonathon P. "NATIVISM AND THE DECLINE IN CIVIL LIBERTIES: REACTIONS OF WHITE AMERICA TOWARD THE JAPANESE IMMIGRANTS, 1885-1945." Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2055.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2009.
Title from screen (viewed on February 1, 2010). Department of History, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Michael Snodgrass, Kevin Cramer, Marianne S. Wokeck. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-174).
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Santos, Bevin A. "A Narrative Analysis of Korematsu v. United States." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2238/.

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This thesis studies the Supreme Court decision, Korematsu v. United States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944) and its historical context, using a narrative perspective and reviewing aspects of narrative viewpoints with reference to legal studies in order to introduce the present study as a method of assessing narratives in legal settings. The study reviews the Supreme Court decision to reveal its arguments and focuses on the context of the case through the presentation of the public story, the institutional story, and the ethnic Japanese story, which are analyzed using Walter Fisher's narrative perspective. The study concludes that the narrative paradigm is useful for assessing stories in the law because it enables the critic to examine both the emotional and logical reasoning that determine the outcomes of the cases.
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Wadhawan, Subhah. "Living Under Security Certificates: Experiences of Securitization of Detainees and their Families." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38539.

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Security and race have historically been entangled in the politics of nation-building, whereby national security discourses have constructed the ‘public’ whom it should protect as ‘white’ while demonizing persons of colour as a threat to that public. In the current war against terrorism, these racialized discourses, underwritten by a colonial logic, have materialized through the symbolic and literal displacement of Muslim persons. Under this imperative of national security, both existing and novel legislations have either been suspended, contorted, or implemented to be used against Muslims, or anyone who visibly appears Muslim. Security certificates are one of such judicial tools. This thesis seeks to explore the experiences of securitization, analyzing how this legislation strips the subjects of the security certificate program of their legal rights and social connectedness. To explore this, I interviewed three of the five men from the ‘Secret Trial Five’ cases and some of their family members. I investigate how securitization manifests in the lives of those who have been securitized, exploring the practices that are used to maintain and reinforce the othering and the displacement of Muslim populations.
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Besnaci-Lancou, Fatima. "Les missions du Comité international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) pendant la guerre d'Algérie et ses suites (1955-1963) en Algérie, au Maroc et en Tunisie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040229.

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Cette thèse porte sur les missions du Comité international de la Croix Rouge (CICR) pendant la guerre d’Algérie et ses suites. Le CICR intervient, d’une part, dans le cadre de guerres opposant des États et, d’autre part, en cas de conflit armé non international afin de tenter d’assurer le respect des règles humanitaires. Au cours des « évènements » algériens, les arrestations massives de membres et militants du Front de libération nationale (FLN) finissent par saturer les prisons et contribuent à la création de centres d’assignation. Par ailleurs, dès l’indépendance de l’Algérie, des milliers de supplétifs de l’armée française sont internés dans des camps, puis incarcérés pour nombre d’entre eux. L’objectif de ce travail doctoral est l’étude des principales initiatives entreprises par le CICR afin de faire appliquer quelques règles du droit humanitaire aux personnes concernées, pendant les sept années et demi de guérilla et après l’indépendance algérienne. Il est essentiellement question de prisons et de camps d’internement où les délégués contrôlent les conditions matérielles, le traitement et la discipline appliqués aux nationalistes et, plus tard, aux Européens pro-Algérie française arrêtés à partir du début de l’année 1961 ainsi qu’aux anciens supplétifs, de février à août 1963. Il s’agit également d’actions mises en place par le CICR afin d’accéder aux prisonniers français aux mains du FLN. Ce travail aborde également, dans une moindre mesure, diverses actions d’aide humanitaire en direction des populations réfugiées au Maroc ou en Tunisie et des personnes déplacées puis reléguées par l’armée française dans des camps de regroupement
This thesis examines the missions of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) during the Algerian War and its aftermath. The ICRC intervenes both in wars between states and in non-international armed conflicts, in an attempt to ensure the respect of humanitarian rules. During the “events” in Algeria, mass arrests of members and militants of the FLN (Algerian National Liberation Front) led to overcrowding in the prisons and was a factor in the establishment of internment camps. Immediately after independence, thousands of Muslim auxiliaries in the French army were interned in camps; many were subsequently imprisoned. This study looks at the main initiatives taken by the ICRC to ensure that the rules of humanitarian law were applied to the people involved during the seven and a half year of guerrilla warfare and after Algeria’s independence. It focuses on prisons and internment camps in which its delegates inspected material conditions and the treatment and discipline applied to nationalists and, later, to Europeans known to be pro French Algeria, who were arrested from the beginning of 1961, and former auxiliaries, interned between February and August 1963. It also examines initiatives taken by the ICRC to gain access to French prisoners in the hands of the FLN and, to a lesser degree, various humanitarian actions to help refugees in Morocco and Tunisia as well as people forcibly displaced by the French army and grouped together in camps
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Books on the topic "Civil internment"

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Republican internment and the prison ship Argenta 1922. Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 2001.

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), LegiSchool Project (Calif, and California State University Sacramento, eds. The Japanese-American internment during WWII: A discussion of civil liberties then and now. Sacramento, CA: Senate Publications, 2000.

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Fukuda, Yoshiaki. My six years of internment: An Issei's struggle for justice. San Francisco, CA: Konko Church of San Francisco, 1990.

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1952-, Yamamoto Eric K., ed. Race, rights, and reparation: Law and the Japanese American internment. Gaithersburg: Aspen Law & Business, 2001.

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Race, rights, and reparation: Law and the Japanese American internment. 2nd ed. New York: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2013.

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Cochrane, Therese. The rent and rates strike: A campaign against the introduction of internment 1971 : a case studyof civil disobedience. [s.n.]: The Author, 1997.

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Hata, Donald Teruo. Japanese Americans and World War II: Exclusion, internment, and redress. 2nd ed. Wheeling, Ill: Harlan Davidson, 1995.

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Legacy of injustice: Exploring the cross-generational impact of the Japanese American internment. New York: Plenum Press, 1993.

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Without trial: Administrative detention of Palestinians by Israel and the internment of unlawful combatants law. Jerusalem]: [BʹTselem], 2009.

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1943-, McClain Charles J., ed. The mass internment of Japanese Americans and the quest for legal redress. New York: Garland, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Civil internment"

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Stammers, Neil. "The Internment of Enemy Aliens." In Civil Liberties in Britain During The 2nd World War, 34–62. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003211624-2.

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Jameson, John H. "Artifacts of Internment: Archaeology and Interpretation at Two American Civil War Prisoner-of-War Sites." In Prisoners of War, 23–40. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4166-3_2.

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Griffith, Sarah M. "“The Injustice of Internment”." In The Fight for Asian American Civil Rights. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041686.003.0006.

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Following Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor, liberal Protestants leveraged their influence among officials in the War Relocation Authority to launch their most powerful attack to date on anti-Japanese racial discrimination. Through the Committee on National Security and Fair Play, they challenged the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066 and strategized methods to ensure the quick release of Japanese Americans held without trial. With the help of allies such as the American Civil Liberties Union, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the American Council on Race Relations, and the Council on Civic Unity, liberal Protestants developed plans to ensure the long-term protection of Japanese American civil liberties in the decades following the war.
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"‘Not Consistent with Civil Liberties’." In Allied Internment Camps in Occupied Germany, 60–102. Cambridge University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108767538.003.

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Genest, Andrea. "Das No 2 Civil Internment Camp Sandbostel 1945−1948. Entnazifizierung mit begrenzter Reichweite." In Zwischen Entnazifizierung und Besatzungspolitik, 80–89. Wallstein Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783835347915-80.

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"Movement in the 1920s." In Friendships of 'Largeness and Freedom', edited by Uma Das Gupta, 282–312. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199481217.003.0010.

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The arrests of the nationalist leaders and other repressive measures intended to suppress the Non-cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements made the political situation bitter and tense. The internment of the Ali Brothers added to the sore of the Treaty of Sevres. At the annual meeting of the Indian National Congress at Nagpur in 1920 a resolution was moved, which defined the goal of the Congress as ‘the attainment of Swarajya’. Gandhi toured the country for months at the time to engage with the country’s populace and to educate the public about the absolute necessity of preserving an atmosphere of non-violence in the country.
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Bohlman, Andrea F. "Silence." In Musical Solidarities, 67–106. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190938284.003.0003.

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This chapter offers a history of martial law (1981–84) in Poland to argue that music was a mode of civil resilience as well as a crucial means of conveying information and writing histories from below. The declaration of martial law brought about economic hardship and the curtailment of civil liberties, but also stimulated music making in three zones: public streets, church sanctuaries and private homes, and internment camps/prisons. This chapter revisits oral histories and diaries from the time to rehear the interplay between singing and military sounds during protests against the declaration. Experimental scores, concert programs, and observational songs played in domestic salons complicate the assumption that martial law effected a cultural hold—a metaphorical silence. The material culture of music in detention reveals that song—religious hymns, ballads, and legion songs—provided internees and prisoners the opportunity to reclaim authorship over their own histories.
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Stone, Dan. "5. The wide world of camps." In Concentration Camps: A Very Short Introduction, 69–93. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198723387.003.0005.

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Concentration camps constitute a worldwide phenomenon that has developed over time as different states and regimes have learned from others in other parts of the world. ‘The wide world of camps’ considers some of the less well-known settings: the American internment of Japanese-American citizens during World War II; Franco’s camps during and after the Spanish Civil War; Britain’s use of camps for Jewish displaced persons in Cyprus; the colonial powers’ camps during the wars of decolonization in Algeria, Malaya, and Kenya; the Chinese Maoist camps; the Khmer Rouge’s camps in Cambodia in the 1970s; the camps during the genocide in Bosnia in the 1990s; and the contemporary camp system in North Korea.
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Kurashige, Lon. "After the Storm." In Two Faces of Exclusion. University of North Carolina Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469629438.003.0009.

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This chapter examines the final end of formal anti-Asian policies in the Immigration Act of 1965, which gave Asian nations equal immigration quotas with all other nations in the world. An important part of this egalitarian context was Hawaii statehood because the new state’s large Asian American constituency boosted this group’s political influence in Congress. At the same time, the civil rights and anti-war movements and protests rooted in the Asian American movement during the long 1960s stirred scholarly and popular interest in the history of Asian exclusion and Japanese American internment that flowered throughout the late 20th and early 21st centuries into a robust cultural memory that, curiously, occluded the significance of the egalitarian opposition to anti-Asian racism. Instead, the picture of the past was stark, emphasizing racism, injustice, victimization, and white domination.
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Ireland, Susan. "Rivesaltes." In Postcolonial Realms of Memory, 227–35. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620665.003.0021.

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The Camp Joffre, otherwise known as the Camp de Rivesaltes, played a role in many of the major conflicts of the twentieth century, including the Spanish Civil War, World War II, and the Algerian war of independence. Originally designed as a military base, the camp was frequently reconfigured and was used for diverse purposes, often serving as an internment centre. The memorial museum, which was opened in October 2015, bears witness to the camp’s multifaceted history. As a postcolonial site of memory, Rivesaltes is primarily associated with the harkis, the Algerians who worked for the French during the war of independence and who found themselves isolated in temporary housing camps when they were repatriated to France at the end of the conflict. Emblematic of the housing camps in general, Rivesaltes figures prominently in the community’s collective memories as a symbol of their marginalization and of France’s failure to protect them.
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