Relevant bibliographies by topics / Civil engineering, n.e.c

Academic literature on the topic 'Civil engineering, n.e.c'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Civil engineering, n.e.c"

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Sleath, J. F. A. "Civil Engineering Practice. Vol. 2: Hydraulics/Mechanics. Edited by P. N. C HEREMISINOFF , N. P. C HEREMISINOFF and S. L. C HENG . Technomic, 1988. 780 pp. S.Fr. 330." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 213, no. -1 (April 1990): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112090222496.

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Zhang, Yan, Zheng Yang Yang, Li Li Wang, Xu Ying Zhao, Huan Guang Liu, and Min Zhu. "Influence of C/N Ratio on SND and Microbiological Analysis in Catching Bed Biofilm Reactor Using Acrylic Resin Fiber as Carrier Materials in Civil Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 568 (September 2012): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.568.89.

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In this study, effect of C/N ratio on denitrification were investigated using four sets of parallel catching bed reactors, which were using acrylic resin fiber (ARF) as carrier materials. The results indicate that this process which was used in wastewater treatment of civil engineering can get better COD and nitrogen removing performance. NH4+-N removal rate reduced with the increasing of C/N ratio, and the average removal rate of COD and the total nitrogen (TN) increased when C/N ratio is increased. When C/N ratio exceeded 12, TN removal rate has no obvious growing. Meanwhile, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis indicated that the biomass in the biofilm were much richer than which in the suspension, and the ammonia oxidizing bacteria have a easy access to be dominant bacterial community in lower C/N ratio.
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Weingart, Richard G. "Roland C. Rautenstraus and Fred N. Severud." Leadership and Management in Engineering 2, no. 1 (January 2002): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1532-6748(2002)2:1(44).

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Ayele, Alemayehu, Kifle Woldearegay, and Matebie Meten. "Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) to Estimate the Shear Wave Velocity for Engineering Characterization of Soils at Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia." International Journal of Geophysics 2022 (December 19, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7588306.

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Site characterization is a prerequisite for the successful and economic design of engineering structures and earthworks by providing geological information for any proposed project. Until now, no detail study has been carried out on the site characterization and classification using shear wave velocity (Vs) up to the top 30 m depth in Hawassa town. For this study, multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) was used to determine the variation of Vs for a proper civil engineering design in the town. In addition, vertical electrical sounding (VES) and standard penetration test (SPT) were employed to characterize the near-surface materials. The Vs30 map was prepared for Hawassa town using the estimated Vs30 values which ranges from 248.9 m/s to 371.3 m/s while the SPT-N values were ranges from 5bpf to 50bpf. The correlation of Vs and SPT-N values has been done by considering both corrected and uncorrected SPT-N values. The VES result showed that groundwater is found at a shallow depth. The correlation of Vs and SPT-N value was validated using regression model. The 1D Vs profile and 2D cross-section showed low Vs at a shallow depth. The near-surface soils of the town are classified based on the Vs30 as site class C (stiff soil and soft rock) and D class (stiff soils) according to the NEHRP (Natural Earthquake hazards Reduction Program) and as subsoil classes B and C according to the Eurocode 8. The geotechnical tests also showed that the soils in the study area are silty sand, sand and silty sand with some gravel. The low Vs values observed at a shallow depth should be given much attention during foundation design for the stability of civil engineering structures.
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Ismail, Sahar, Fouad Kaddah, and Wassim Raphael. "Assessing the Dynamic Behaviour of Midrise Frame Structures Sitting on Silty Sandy Soil." Open Civil Engineering Journal 14, no. 1 (September 25, 2020): 262–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149502014010262.

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Background: Midrise 5 to 15 storeys frame structures sitting on soft soils are susceptible to damage induced by seismic events. The level of damage is related to the interaction between the structure, foundation and soil called Soil Structure Interaction (SSI). If the level of ground acceleration is low, the wave gets amplified putting the structure at risk of collapse. Objective and Methods: Concerns about SSI have motivated several researchers to investigate the seismic behaviour of structures rested on cohesive and cohesionless soils. The objective of the work presented in this paper is to evaluate the effects of several parameters on the seismic soil structure interaction behaviour of midrise structures sitting on silty sandy soil. Using ABAQUS, reliable 3D models of 5 to 15 storeys midrise concrete frame structures rested on raft foundation were built. The effects of the structure’s number of storeys, raft size and thickness were explored for different column sizes. Fixed-based structures which capture the model adopted in seismic codes and flexible-based structures were hit at the bottom by El-Centro (1940) and Northridge (1994) earthquakes. Results and Conclusion: The results, presented in terms of storey lateral deflection, inter-storey drift, shear force, foundation rocking and response spectrum showed the important contribution of SSI effects on the behaviour of the midrise structures. The model analyses indicated that column size strongly affects the behaviour of flexible structures. Let N be the structure number of storeys and C the column size. The results showed that in terms of storey lateral deflection and levelling shear force, for column sizes C 0.5 X 0.5 m, SSI was detrimental to structures with 10 ≤ N ≤ 15 and beneficial to structures with 5 ≤ N <10. Increasing the column size to C 0.5 X 1 m showed that SSI became detrimental for structures with 10 < N ≤ 15 under El-Centro (1940) and for structures with 7≤ N ≤ 15 under Northridge (1994), and beneficial for structures with 5 ≤ N ≤ 10 under El-Centro (1940) and for structures with 5 ≤ N < 7 under Northridge (1994). The FE results showed that even though base shear increased with raft size, lateral deflections were amplified for C 0.5 X 0.5 m S15 structures and attenuated for C 0.5 X 1 m S15 structures. However, the seismic response of S15 structures was slightly affected by the variation in raft thickness under both column sizes. Finally, the paper includes a discussion and evaluation of the contribution of inertial and kinematic effects, including soil types used on the simulated numerical models’ seismic responses.
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Shi, Liwan, Duanyi Wang, Junfeng Wang, Zhonghai Jiang, Hehao Liang, and Xiao Qin. "A New Method for Designing Dense Skeleton Asphalt Mixture Based on Meso Parameter." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (February 17, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3841291.

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At present, research on the internal structures of asphalt mixtures has mostly focused on the statistical analysis of their mesostructural components such as aggregates, voids, and asphalt mortars, in addition to the verification of the mechanical behaviour of the mixture through simulations. Furthermore, the capacity of the research has not risen to a level where a design method to guide the design and optimisation of the asphalt mixture gradation has been formulated. After an in-depth analysis of the existing evaluation parameters and standards for the asphalt mixture skeleton, this study proposes a new method for precise designing a dense skeleton asphalt mixture (DSAM) based on meso parameter. The results indicate that the application of digital image processing (DIP) techniques to adjust the gradation increases the average coordination number (n¯c) and reduces the ratio of the quantity of coarse aggregate without contact point to the total quantity of coarse aggregate (C value). This can effectively improve the meso parameters of the mixture so that the quality of the main skeleton is significantly enhanced; the process also has higher precision and demands less test work. VCAmix(IMAGE) ≤ VCADRC and n¯c>1.6 while C < 20% can be used as qualitative and quantitative evaluation criterion for forming better main skeleton structure of coarse aggregate. The new method of designing a DSAM based on meso parameter is intuitive and convenient, which considerably reduces the blindness and tediousness in the design of the asphalt mixture gradation. The engineering example also proves that the asphalt mixture has an excellent pavement performance and verifies the feasibility of the proposed design method.
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Feng, Guan-qing, and Stanley J. Vitton. "Discussion of “Resilient Characteristics of Dune Sand” by Woojin Lee, N. C. Bohra, and A. G. Altschaeffl." Journal of Transportation Engineering 123, no. 3 (May 1997): 246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1997)123:3(246).

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Lee, Woojin, N. C. Bohra, and A. G. Altschaeffl. "Closure to “Resilient Characteristics of Dune Sand” by Woojin Lee, N. C. Bohra, and A. G. Altschaeffl." Journal of Transportation Engineering 123, no. 3 (May 1997): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1997)123:3(247.x).

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Ahmad, Irtishad, and Sastry Putcha. "Evaluation of Compaction Methods for Pipe Trench Backfill in Areas of High Water Table." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1736, no. 1 (January 2000): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1736-08.

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Determining the density of backfill material and attaining the desired degree of compaction in the backfill under a high water table, typical operations in South Florida, present a difficult problem to the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) engineers and contractors. As a first step in seeking the solution to this problem, variations in soil conditions, determined by standard penetration test (SPT) N-values, that corresponded with varying methods of compaction were evaluated. In the experimental phase of the project, five field conditions were tested: Condition A, control dry, backfilling in the dry condition above water; Condition B, dump soil, no compaction, backfilling under the water table, no tamping; Condition C, dump soil, compact per FDOT specifications, no dewatering, backfilling under the water table, tamping with a 2 by 4 as specified; Condition D, control wet, compact per FDOT specifications, dewatering during pipe installation and backfilling with periodic compaction according to FDOT specifications; and Condition E, dump soil, no compaction, dewatering during pipe installation and backfilling by dumping. For each of the five field conditions, SPT N-values were obtained at seven locations. As expected, the highest N-values were obtained for the control dry condition (Field Condition A). The next best set of N-values was obtained for the control wet condition (Field Condition D). This result was also expected. In Field Condition B, backfill was dumped without tamping. In Field Condition C, backfill was compacted by hand tamping in accordance with FDOT specifications (Section 125-8.3.3, 1996). It was evident from the SPT values that the result did not noticeably improve from Condition B to Condition C. In Condition E, dewatering was continued after the pipe segments had been placed and bedded. Lifts of backfill material were dumped without compacting or tamping. The N-values obtained from Field Condition E were not significantly different from the values obtained for either Condition B or C. The provision of hand tamping in the FDOT specifications is questioned as a result of these findings, and the benefit of dewatering, although obvious, is substantiated.
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Xia, Ting, Yue Li, Zhixing Xiao, Shixiang Wang, Qingkai Wu, Suwen Sun, Hui Peng, Dan Chen, and Zhihua Wang. "A Study on Ceramsite Production Using Dredging Sea Mud and Its Biofilm Formation Capacity Evaluation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (December 6, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2401984.

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Dredging sea mud produced during the coastal infrastructure construction has been gradually becoming an environmental problem in China. Making ceramsite is an attractive way to convert the waste sea mud to resources used for many industrial sectors. However, the imapct of preheating and sintering conditions on the ceramsite properties and the biofilm formation capacity of the ceramsite are still poorly understood. This study aims to fill these knowledge gaps. Results suggested the optimal conditions for the preheating temperature was 350°C, the preheating time was 15 min, the sintering temperature was 1040°C, and the sintering time was 9 min. The dredging sea mud-derived ceramsite showed better biofilm formation capacity with high COD and NH4+-N removal performance compared with the commercial ceramsites. The content of the chloride ion in the ceramist granules is close to zero, and the low cost of this material, implying this dredging sea mud-derived ceramsite, could be an engineering favorable material for using it as a biocarrier in the real application.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Civil engineering, n.e.c"

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Lilley, Ian David. "Acid fermentation of primary sludge at 20v C." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8295.

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Includes bibliography.
Full scale studies on biological excess phosphrous removal plants have demonstrated the biological excess phosphorous removal can be increased by acid fermenting the settled sludge in the primary settling tank, and adding either the fermented sludge, or the acids elutriated from the sludge, to the influent of the biological phosphorous removal plant. Considerable uncertainty still exists, however, as to the mass of short chain fatty acids that can be generated and the degree of improvement in phosphorous removal that can be expected. This study was undertaken to (1) evaluate short chain fatty acid production in laboratory scale batch, single and in-series completely mixed reactor systems, (2) development of a model for acid fermentation, and (3) theoretically estimate the effect of acid addition on biological excess phosphorous removal.
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Vemulapati, Murali Krishna. "An extensible dynamic linker for C++." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35462.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1995.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-55).
by Murali Krishna Vemulapati.
M.S.
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Sinha, Sumit. "PARAMETER ESTIMATION AND AUTO-CALIBRATION FOR THE STREAM-C MODEL." MSSTATE, 2005. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04082005-151129/.

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The STREAMC model is based on the same algorithm as implemented by the Steady Riverine Environmental Assessment Model (STREAM), a mathematical model for the dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution in freshwater streams used by Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ). Typically the water quality models are calibrated manually. In some cases where some objective criterion can be identified to quantify a successful calibration, an auto calibration may be preferable to the manual calibration approach. The auto calibration may be particularly applicable to relatively simple analytical models such as the steady-state STREAMC model. Various techniques of parameter estimation were identified for the model. The model was then subjected to various techniques of parameter estimation identified and/or developed. The parameter estimates obtained by different techniques were tabulated and compared. A final recommendation regarding a preferable parameter estimation technique leading to the auto calibration of the STREAMC model was made.
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Appleton, Richard Joseph. "Corrosion fatigue of a C-Mn steel." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2176/.

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He, Jiliang. "Silyhydrazines : chemistry and pyrolytic conversion to Si-N-C ceramic materials." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29044.

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A new synthetic route to silylhydrazine molecules and polymers has been developed by the heterodehydrocoupling of organosilanes with hydrazines. A dimethyltitanocene catalyst has been employed to facilitate the dehydrocoupling reaction. The dehydrocoupling was shown to proceed by stepwise replacement of Si-H with hydrazino groups. The controlled hydrolysis of Ph$ sb2$Si(NHNHMe)$ sb2$ formed a hydrazinodisiloxane. Cyclizations of Ph$ sb2$Si(NHNHMe)$ sb2$ to form cyclic silylhydrazines were achieved by the reaction with n-BuLi/Ph$ sb2$SiCl$ sb2,$ or MeI (or HCl or Ph$ sb2$SiCl$ sb2),$ or thermolysis. Crystal structures of Ph$ sb2$Si(NHNR)(NRNH)SiPh$ sb2$ (R = H, Me) reveal chair (R = H) and twist-boat (R = Me) conformations of the Si$ sb2$N$ sb4$ ring, respectively. Planar and pyramidal nitrogen geometries were found to coexist in a hydrazino unit. A preceramic polymer, synthesized by the polymerization of MeHSiCl$ sb2$ with hydrazine in an appropriate ratio, was pyrolyzed to Si$ sb3$N$ sb4$/SiC$ rm sb{x}$N$ rm sb{y}$ in 67-80% ceramic yields. It is proposed that the structural unit of this polymer is a tetraazadisilacyclohexane bridged by MeHSi groups. This assignment is based on $ sp{1}$H and $ sp{29}$Si NMR measurements, as well as by comparison with the well-defined reaction product of Me$ sb2$Si(NHNH) $ sb2$SiMe$ sb2$ with MeHSiCl$ sb2.$ The pyrolysis was carried out from room temperature to 1500$ sp circ$C under argon and studied by using thermogravimetric analysis, solid-state $ sp{29}$Si NMR spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, x-ray powder diffraction, and elemental analysis. Serial structural changes were characterized in the pyrolyzed solid products. The ceramic product of this polymer at 1100$ sp circ$C was found to possess a quasi-metallic electrical conductivity ($ sigma$ = 10$ sp3$ ($ Omega$cm)$ sp{{-}1}),$ and was evaluated as an electrode material.
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Perkins, Eric David 1975. "Spatial reasoning for generalized N-body physics : discrete element algorithms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80180.

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Spradbery, Charles. "The influence of thermal history on the hot ductility of Ti containing C Mn Al and C Mn Nb Al steels." Thesis, City University London, 2002. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7595/.

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A series of C-Mn-Al and C-Mn-Al-Nb steels having nominal composition 0.1 %C, 1.4%Mn, 0.3% Si and 0.005%N with Ti additions from 0 to 0.013% have had their hot ductility determined over the temperature range 700-1100°C. Tensile specimens were cast (melted) in situ and cooled at a rate of 100°C/min to the test temperature. They were subsequently strained to failure using a strain rate of 3x 10-3 s '. The influence of the addition of a 100°C undercooling step into the test cycle with a subsequent re-heat to the test temperature (at 500°C/min) was investigated. It has been shown that Ti additions, both to C-Mn-Al and C-Mn-Nb-Al steels impair hot ductility. Also, Nb containing steels give worse hot ductility with or without Ti additions for the steels examined. Thermal history was seen to have a small but significant effect on the hot ductility of steel. The addition of a 100°C undercooling step generally resulting in worse ductility due to additional precipitation of AIN and in the case of Nb containing steels probably both AIN and NbCN. TiN precipitation has been shown to have a more significant detrimental effect on hot ductility than AIN precipitation when one thermal cycle is introduced. Two regression equations have been obtained which may show that P is beneficial to ductility in Nb, Ti containing steels but detrimental to ductility in CMn-AI-Ti steels. Results have shown that increasing the test temperature (which will encourage coarser particles) generally leads to an increase in the dimple size and to better ductility. Interestingly, adding Ti to steels causes a larger dimple size to occur even though ductility deteriorates as the formation of TiN removes small AIN particles from solution. Thus the dimple size increases as it relates more and more to the presence of the larger MnS inclusions. The addition of an undercooling step in the test cycle reduces the dimple size in accordance with more precipitation taking place, most likely from AIN. During the work program it was discovered that there was potential for Ti to be lost should tensile samples be melted within silica tubes. Re-testing with an alumina based sheath ensured no Ti loss could occur.
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Bester, Andre. "Risiko-gebaseerde besluitondersteuning in siviele ingenieurswese: 'n metodologiese benadering tot verbeterende inligtingversameling en benutting." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/15934.

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356 Leaves printed single pages, preliminary pages i-xxii and numbered pages. Includes bibliography. List of tables, list of figures and abbreviations.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT:Decisions affecting construction projects are often characterised by uncertainty. One of the sources of this uncertainty is the unit costs used in detail cost estimates. Analytical techniques are available to model these uncertainties, but information is required to quantify it. Historical data is the preferred source of information, but due to unavailability and unreliability it hampers the application of the analytical techniques. Changes in the construction environment necessitate the improvement of data sources and the utilisation thereof in a structured, comprehensive and integrated manner. The purpose of this study is to determine how decision-making can be improved by enhanced information capturing and usage of relevant data for improved cost calculations. This is achieved by investigating the various components of an information system, viz. dataflow, data source, data application, and shown how an integrated development of each of these components with processmodelling, database development and quantitative risk analysis can lead to improved decision-making. This is achieved by the conceptual redevelopment and development of information systems for decision support in two different construction environments, viz. road and dam construction, respectively. During the research it was found that processmodelling can contribute to the improvement of dataflow in the fragmented construction environment, but that shortcomings exist in the processmodelling tools. A method, based on set and graph theory, was developed to address it. It was also found that database development provides the opportunity to improve the quality of data stored in electronic format. A comprehensive database model to store all information relevant to construction costs, specifications and legal documents with the required error checking mechanisms was developed. The benefit of modelling the global uncertainty of project cost estimates with probabilistic techniques such as Monte Carlo simulation and the Limit State Cost Function, whilst including the effects of correlation, is also shown. The information gained from historical data-analysis, besides the application in the probabilistic techniques, was used to identify properties such as impact, variability and correlation. It was found in the study that a shortage of descriptive information, whether it be at project or item level, is predominately the source of variability in unit cost data after errors have been removed. In order to identify the information that would contribute to the lowering of variability a method was developed by using influence factors and unit cost correlation mechanisms to identify the most influential factors for data capturing. This led to the development of an ideal data-application model in which all the relevant data used in the different cost-estimation phases, viz. long term, conceptual and detail, would be captured and used. Based on what was found, a generic information system development model was proposed that indicated the interaction of all the aspects that were investigated. Two of the model’s foremost properties are its self-triggering process and incremental development (improvement). On top of this development model a development process was designed that can be used for the structured, comprehensive and integrated development/redevelopment of an information system for cost calculation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:Besluite in konstruksieprojekte word gereeld gekenmerk deur onsekerheid. Een van die bronne van onsekerheid is die eenheidtariewe wat tydens detailkosteberekeninge gebruik word. Analitiese tegnieke is beskikbaar om die onsekerhede te modelleer. Inligting word egter benodig om die onsekerhede mee te kwantifiseer. Die voorkeur bron van inligting is historiese data, maar weens onbeskikbaarheid en lae akkuraatheid daarvan striem dit die aanwending van die analitiese tegnieke. Veranderde omstandighede in die konstruksiebedryf noodsaak egter die verbetering van databronne en aanwending daarvan op ’n gestruktureerde, omvattende en geïntegreerde wyse. Die doel van hierdie studie is om te bepaal hoe besluitneming verbeter kan word deur inligtingversameling en benutting van relevante data vir konstruksiekosteberekeninge te verbeter. Dit word gedoen deur die onderskeie aspekte wat deel vorm van ’n inligtingstelsel, nl. die datavloei, datastoring en aanwending te ondersoek en te toon hoe geïntegreerde ontwikkeling van elk van hierdie aspekte met behulp van prosesmodellering, databasisontwikkeling en kwantitatiewe risiko-analise, ’n bydrae kan maak tot verbeterde besluitneming. Dit word gedoen deur twee verskillende omgewings, nl. padbou en dambou, as moontlike toepassingsomgewings te gebruik vir onderskeidelik die herontwikkeling en ontwikkeling van so ’n inligtingstelsel vir besluitneming. Tydens die ondersoeke is dit gevind dat prosesmodellering ’n waardevolle bydrae kan lewer tot die verbetering van datavloei in die gefragmenteerde konstruksie-omgewing, maar dat tekortkominge in die modelleringsprogramme bestaan. ’n Metode, gebaseer op versameling- en grafiekteorie, is ontwikkel om hierdie aspekte aan te spreek. Dit is ook gevind dat databasisontwikkeling die geleentheid bied om die kwaliteit van elektronies gestoorde databronne te verbeter. ’n Datamodel wat omvattend genoeg is om al die inligting wat met konstruksiekoste, spesifisering en regsdokumente verbandhou te stoor, is ontwikkel met die nodige fout-onderskeppingsmeganismes. Die nut van probabilistiese tegnieke soos Monte Carlo-simulasie en die Limietstaat Kostefunksie om die globale onsekerheid van projekte se kosteberamings te modelleer en die effek van korrelasie op die resultate in ag te neem, is ook getoon. Die inligting afkomstig van historiese data-ontleding, naas die aanwending in die probabilistiese tegnieke, is gebruik om die eienskappe soos impak, veranderlikheid en korrelasiemeganismes, te bepaal. Dit is in die studie gevind dat ’n tekort aan beskrywende inligting, hetsy op projek- of itemvlak, die oorwegende bron van veranderlikheid is nadat foutiewe data verwyder is. Om egter die beskrywende inligting te bepaal wat ’n bydrae kan maak tot die verlaging van hierdie veranderlikheid is ’n metode ontwikkel met behulp van invloedfaktore en eenheidtariefkorrelasiemeganismes om die mees omvangryke faktore te bepaal vir onderskepping. Dit het aanleiding gegee tot die ontwikkeling van ’n ideale data-aanwendingmodel waarin al die relevante inligting vir die verskillende fases van kosteberekening, nl. langtermyn, konseptueel en detail, onderskep en gebruik word. Gebaseer op dit wat gevind is, is ’n generiese inligtingstelsel ontwikkelingmodel voorgestel wat die interaksie van al die aspekte wat ondersoek is ten opsigte van mekaar toon. Twee van die hoofkenmerke van hierdie model is die selfvoerende proses en die inkrementele ontwikkeling van die stelsel. Op hierdie ontwikkelingmodel is ’n ontwikkelingproses gebou wat gebruik kan word vir die gestruktureerde, omvattende en geïntegreerde ontwikkeling/herontwikkeling van ’n inligtingstelsel vir kosteberekeninge.
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McAvoy, Camille Z. "Palladium-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reactions toward the synthesis of drug-like molecules." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73388.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry; and, (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
The development of methodologies for C-N bond formation reactions is an important scientific challenge because of many academic and industrial applications. This work will focus particularly on palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings of amine-containing compounds with aryl halides. The scope of the BrettPhos precatalyst for the cross-coupling of ortho-substituted aryl iodides with amides is studied using substrates with a variety of functional groups. Due to potential metal-chelating issues with some of the substrates used in this study, a proposed ligand synthesis is discussed in which one of the methoxy groups of BrettPhos is replaced with a morpholine capable of occupying palladium's open coordination site during its catalytic cycle. A final C-N bond formation study focuses on the cross-coupling of aryl halides with amidine salts. For this cross-coupling, a methodology has been developed that can be applied to various electron-rich, electron-poor, and electron-neutral substrates. Furthermore, the products of this cross-coupling can be used for a subsequent electrocyclization through a reaction with aldehyde, demonstrating that a relatively simple two-pot methodology can be used to make relatively complex substrates with pharmaceutical applications. Both amides and amidines are common moieties in drug-like molecules because of the various biological activities of these functional groups. Potential medicinal applications of the developed cross-coupling of amidine salts with aryl halides methodology are described. Thus, methodologies for various palladium-catalyzed, C-N cross-couplings as well as a potential ligand synthesis to be used for palladium catalysis are herein discussed.
by Camille Z. McAvoy.
S.B.
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Tamtsia, Tamboue Basile-Honore. "The role of C-S-H microstructure and calcium hydroxide on creep and shrinkage of hardened portland cement paste." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6087.

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The thesis provides new research related to the mechanisms of creep and shrinkage of hardened Portland cement paste. The emphasis is put on the role of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) microstructure and calcium hydroxide the most important phases in hydrated Portland cement paste. Specially designed specimens were used for creep and shrinkage measurements. These were well hydrated and very thin in order to avoid the occurrence of moisture gradients during the drying process. Length change of specimens following organic solvent exchange was used as a microstructural probe. Length change data of compacted CH powder, pre-conditioned from 11% to 85% relative humidity, are presented in order to support inferences on the role of CH in cement paste. Similar measurements were conducted on Portland cement and tri-calcium silicate pastes. It is suggested that the length change on removal of water may be related to surface energy changes not always specific to the C-S-H phase alone. Mass change measurements versus time during exchange were carried out to support the interpretation of the length change behavior. The re-saturation of Portland cement paste systems with synthetic pore solution after several drying pre-treatments was adopted to facilitate electrical measurements in order to investigate the shrinkage, creep, and creep recovery behavior. The state of the water in each pre-treated specimen was characterized using the DTGA methods. The coupling of a.c. impedance spectroscopy (ACIS) and creep and shrinkage measurements established ACIS as an effective method for evaluating pore structure modification as well as the nature of changes to the pore network of cement paste during creep and shrinkage experiments. Cement paste specimens from which all evaporable water was completely removed were found to creep a significant amount contrary to the hypothesis that they should not creep at all. The compacted calcium hydroxide specimens were found to creep with a creep coefficient less than one. This suggested that calcium hydroxide makes a contribution to the overall deformation of cement paste systems.
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Books on the topic "Civil engineering, n.e.c"

1

P, Mohsen J., American Society of Civil Engineers. Technical Council on Computer Practices. Committee on Coordination outside ASCE., and Congress on Computing in Civil Engineering (2nd : 1995 : Atlanta, Ga.), eds. Computing in civil engineering: Proceedings of the Second Congress held in conjunction with A/E/C Systems '95. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1995.

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Khalil, Khozeimeh, and American Society of Civil Engineers. Technical Council on Computer Practices. Committee on Coordination outside ASCE., eds. Computing in civil engineering: Proceedings of the First Congress held in conjunction with A/E/C Systems '94. New York, N.Y: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1994.

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M, Adams Teresa, American Society of Civil Engineers. Technical Council on Computer Practices. Committee on Coordination outside ASCE., and Congress on Computing in Civil Engineering, (4th : 1997 : Philadelphia, Pa.), eds. Computing in civil engineering: Proceedings of the Fourth Congress held in conjunction with A/E/C Systems '97. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1997.

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1736-1806, Coulomb C. A., ed. Coulomb's memoir on statics: An essay in the history of civil engineering. London: Imperial College Press, 1997.

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1948-, Cohn Louis F., Rasdorf W. J, American Society of Civil Engineers. Technical Council on Computer Practices., Symposium on Data Bases (1991 : Washington, D.C.), and Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering (7th : 1991 : Washington, D.C.), eds. Computing in civil engineering and Symposium on Data Bases: Proceedings of the seventh conference, held in conjunction with A/E/C Systems '91, Ramada Renaissance, Washington, D.C., May 6-8, 1991. New York, N.Y: The Society, 1991.

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OTRC'99 Conference (1999 Austin, Texas). Analysis, design, construction, and testing of deep foundations: Proceedings of the OTRC'99 Conference : honoring Lymon C. Reese : April 29-30, 1999. Reston, VA: Geo Institute, American Society of Civil Engineers, 1999.

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OTRC'99 Conference (1999 Austin, Texas). Analysis, design, construction, and testing of deep foundations: Proceedings of the OTRC'99 Conference honoring Lymon C. Reese, April 29-30, 1999, Austin, Texas. Reston, VA: Geo Institute, American Society of Civil Engineers, 1999.

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Toman, Jim. Cleveland's transit vehicles: Equipment and technology. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1996.

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1951-, Mattern David B., ed. The papers of James Madison. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2010.

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James, Madison. The papers of James Madison: Presidential series. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Civil engineering, n.e.c"

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Campo, R., P. Carrera-Fernández, G. Di Bella, A. Mosquera-Corral, and A. Val del Río. "Fish-Canning Wastewater Treatment by Means of Aerobic Granular Sludge for C, N and P Removal." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 530–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_83.

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Vijayan, Aathira, Leema Peter, P. K. Jayasree, and K. Balan. "Long-Term Strength Studies on Natural Fibre Composite (N-F-C) Sheets for Use as Separator in Flexible Pavements in Terms of CBR Values." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 337–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0559-7_38.

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Korchomkin, S. N., S. V. Kurbatov, N. B. Sheikhon, and G. B. Viljkovyskaja. "N." In Dictionary of Building and Civil Engineering, 416–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7407-5_14.

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Korchomkin, S. N., S. V. Kurbatov, N. B. Sheikhon, and G. B. Viljkovyskaja. "C." In Dictionary of Building and Civil Engineering, 98–170. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7407-5_3.

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Gelbrich, Uli, and Georg Reinwaldt. "N." In Fachwörterbuch Bauwesen / Dictionary Building and Civil Engineering, 242–50. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91268-8_14.

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Gelbrich, Uli, and Georg Reinwaldt. "C." In Fachwörterbuch Bauwesen / Dictionary Building and Civil Engineering, 79–80. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91268-8_3.

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Lai, Zhong Hong, Jae Ho Jeon, Jing Chuan Zhu, and Zhong Da Yin. "Mo-Si-C-N Multi-Layer Anti-Oxidation Coating on C/C Composites." In Key Engineering Materials, 1899–902. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-456-1.1899.

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Khan, A. S., E. Ferro, L. Le Pen, and W. Powrie. "Performance of Jointed S&C Bearers." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 49–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77234-5_5.

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Jang, Chul Sik, Young Rae Cho, Myung Chang Kang, Won Sub Chung, and Kwang Ho Kim. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cr-C-N, Cr-Si-N and Cr-Si-C-N Coatings by a Hybrid Coating System." In Key Engineering Materials, 2224–27. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-410-3.2224.

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Ramanathan, Mohan, and V. G. Ram. "Status of C&D Waste Recycling in India." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 95–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51350-4_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Civil engineering, n.e.c"

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Uddin, M. F., P. Krishnaswamy, C. Basavaraju, and K. A. Manoly. "Perspectives on Safety Margin Associated With Internal Repair of Buried Class 2 and 3 Safety Related Piping Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84972.

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Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have been used for decades in various industries such as aerospace, oil and gas, and transportation mainly due to their high strength-to-weight-ratio and excellent corrosion resistance. However, the use of CFRP in nuclear industry applications has been very limited. Recently, a new ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Code Case N-871 has been proposed for internal repair of buried Class 2 and 3 nuclear safety related piping using CFRP for Service Levels A, B, C and D at temperatures not exceeding 200F. This is a first-of-a-kind CFRP application for nuclear safety related piping. It is known that CFRP materials are subject to property degradation due to environmental exposure as well as creep behavior under sustained loading. These factors should be considered when designing the CFRP repair for any nuclear safety related piping application to ensure an adequate safety margin is maintained. In the proposed Code Case, there are provisions for using two different design (analysis method) methods — Allowable Stress Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methods. The LRFD method has been widely used in civil engineering applications but has never been used in ASME Section III Code for nuclear piping applications. This paper presents a comparison of these two methods from a safety margin point of view. As CFRP is a new material for ASME BPV Code for nuclear safety related applications, several areas have been identified in the design concepts to ensure an adequate safety margin for Service Levels A, B, C and D. An effort is also made to provide guidelines on the required safety margin for CFRP repair of safety related piping. Finally, Code Case N-871 is reviewed to evaluate the minimum safety margin available for both ASD and LRFD methods.
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Sun Liang, Wang Can, Wang Fen, and Ji Min. "Treatment of N, N-2Dimethyl Formamide (DMF) wastewater using the internal electrolysis technology." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5775748.

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Sabatino, Michelangelo. "Concrete Visionary Arthur C. Erickson and Canadian Modern Architecture*." In Annual International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2301-394x_ace13.51.

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Jing Xiao, Guoren Xu, and Fangmao Gan. "N-removal with low carbon and phosphorus levels." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5774233.

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Fruchter, Renate, Peter Demian, Zhen Yin, and Greg Luth. "Turning A/E/C Knowledge into Working Knowledge." In Fourth Joint International Symposium on Information Technology in Civil Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40704(2003)12.

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Bian, Dejun, Haiyan Guo, and Wenhua Zhang. "Simultaneous C and N Removal in a Hybrid CAST Reactor." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5163401.

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Li, Qingwei, Bingnan Lv, and Hong Wang. "Influence of C/N Ratio on Nitrogen Changing during Composting." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5518111.

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Tanyer, A. M., J. H. M. Tah, and G. Aouad. "An Integrated Database to Support Collaborative Urban Planning: The N-Dimensional Modeling Approach." In International Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40794(179)138.

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Kalay, Yehuda E., and R. Gary Black. "Berkeley's A/E/C Collaborative Design Studio." In Eighth International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering (ICCCBE-VIII). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40513(279)19.

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Ioannidou, Dimitra, and Renate Fruchter. "Predictive Simulation as a Decision Support System to Manage A/E/C Global Teamwork." In International Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41052(346)56.

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Reports on the topic "Civil engineering, n.e.c"

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ICF TECHNOLOGY INC FAIRFAX VA. United States Air Force 611th Air Support Group/Civil Engineering Squadron, Elmendorf AFB, Alaska. Remedial Investigation and Feasibility Study, Cape Lisburne Radar Installation, Alaska. Volume 2 (Includes Appendices C - G). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada311832.

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