Relevant bibliographies by topics / City planning – Scandinavia – Case studies

Academic literature on the topic 'City planning – Scandinavia – Case studies'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "City planning – Scandinavia – Case studies"

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KOLBE, LAURA. "Symbols of civic pride, national history or European tradition? City halls in Scandinavian capital cities." Urban History 35, no. 3 (December 2008): 382–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926808005701.

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ABSTRACTUsing case studies of city halls in Copenhagen, Stockholm and Oslo, this article contributes towards the creation of an iconographic reading of this building type. This article argues that the symbolic aim of the city hall was to express the burgher's pride and values, and to symbolize the local and national history. To understand the multifaceted architecture of a city hall in a capital city, one must also understand the ideas behind nation-building in Denmark, Sweden and Norway. The second part of the article analyses how European, national and local narratives were used in the city halls.
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Hackenberg, Roslind Karolina, Paul Stoll, Kristian Welle, Jasmin Scorzin, Martin Gathen, Charlotte Rommelspacher, and Koroush Kabir. "Cervical spine injuries requiring surgery in a Level I trauma centre in a major German city." Acta Neurochirurgica 164, no. 1 (October 26, 2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-021-05029-1.

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Abstract Background Cervical spine injuries (CSI) are rare in trauma patients, at about 9.2–16.5/100,000 inhabitants in Scandinavia and Canada, and the annual incidence of CSI surgeries in Norway is around 3.0/100,000 inhabitants. However, despite their rarity, the incidence of CSI has increased, thereby assuming an increasing need for surgery. Outside of Scandinavia, no data about the incidence of CSI and subsequent surgeries exist. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse CSI epidemiology and surgery in a German city with a Level I trauma centre both to understand the injury and improve needs–based planning. Methods This retrospective, monocentre study included all patients who presented with CSI from 2012–2017 at a university hospital with a Level I trauma centre in a major German city and had permanent residency within the city. Based on the assumption that the patients represented all CSI injuries in the city, as they were treated at the only available Level I trauma centre, the annual incidence of surgeries and neurologic deficits due to CSI were calculated. Results A total of 465 patients with 609 CSI were identified. Of these patients, 61 both received surgery and resided in the city (mean age, 68.1 ± 18.3 years; 26 female, 35 male). The incidence of CSI surgeries was calculated as 3.24/100,000 person years (1.75/100,000 in the upper and 1.54/100,000 in the subaxial cervical spine). Neurologic deficits occurred in 0.64/100,000 person years. The incidence of both surgeries and neurologic deficits showed no significant changes over the 6-year study period. Conclusions Compared to Scandinavia, an increasing annual incidence for CSI surgeries and neurologic deficits were found. For long-term demand planning with adaptability to demographic changes, cross-regional studies including long-term follow-up are necessary.
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Nunn, Samuel. "Planning for Inner-City Retail Development:The Case of Indianapolis." Journal of the American Planning Association 67, no. 2 (June 30, 2001): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944360108976226.

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Kapralova, S. A., and N. A. Unagaeva. "RAILROAD SPACE-PLANNING FORMATION IN A LARGE CITY (ZLOBINO, KRASNOYARSK CASE STUDIES)." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture, no. 4 (August 29, 2018): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2018-20-4-43-54.

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The article presents research results on space-planning links formed by the railroad. The typology and main characteristics are described. The approach to the comprehensive analysis is shown on the example of Zlobino railroad in Krasnoyarsk. The approach is used for restoration of town-planning structure by means of the building-bridge model.
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Rehan, Reeman. "Planning for an eco-city to sustainable urban environments International case studies." Journal of Urban Research 17, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jur.2015.87794.

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Satterthwaite, David. "Environmental governance: a comparative analysis of nine city case studies." Journal of International Development 13, no. 7 (2001): 1009–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.824.

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Larjosto, Vilia, and Paivi Raivio. "Dodo farming urban vegetable gardens in Helsinki." TERRITORIO, no. 60 (March 2012): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2012-060008.

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Dodo is a Finnish Ngo which works for the environment and has been interested in urban agriculture since 2009. Since then, the practice of urban agriculture has become widespread and has become an integral part of the city landscape in Helsinki, as it has in the whole world. Dodo works as a catalyst for selfmanaged ‘urban farm' projects and urban gardens, encouraging citizens to reclaim areas in their neighbourhoods and in abandoned areas of the city. The initiatives carried forward so far have generated greater community cohesion and triggered the birth of new systems of local and biological production. In Scandinavia, where the growing season is very short, the climate represents the most interesting challenge, but so far it has discouraged neither the experts nor the beginners. This paper recounts the origin and the spread of this movement through a reading of three examples in the city of Helsinki.
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Britton, Neil R., and John Lindsay. "Demonstrating the Need to Integrate City Planning and Emergency Preparedness: Two Case Studies." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 13, no. 2 (August 1995): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072709501300203.

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City planners need to consider aspects of emergency management, risk assessment and hazard vulnerability in their planning and development deliberations. Planners need to recognise that urban hazards, especially from technological sources, are more prevalent than may at first be apparent. An emergency management focus is particularly necessary when urban renewal and redevelopment is being considered Of special importance is the need for planners to understand that projects like this can exacerbate the plight of existing “at-risk” groups, and may even create a more hazardous social environment. Planners also need to be made aware that their professional actions have a direct impact on both the task-set and performance capabilities of disaster managers and emergency services operatives. In this paper two case studies are presented to demonstrate how these issues translate into practice. The first explores the consequences of a “classic” medium-scale technological emergency in Australia. The second study, from Canada, illustrates the ubiquity of small-scale industrial hazards in the modern city, and epitomises the extent to which city-dwellers are vulnerable.
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Matondang, Muhammad Alfikri. "ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL MANAGEMENT IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING (CASE STUDY: MEDAN CITY)." JURNAL GEOGRAFI 14, no. 2 (September 7, 2022): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jg.v14i2.36643.

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Spatial planning is an area pattern created or built based on planning, aiming to develop a sustainable spatial design. This study aims to analyze the spatial way of Medan City and its relation to regional development planning. This study uses an empirical juridical method using data from government agencies and literature studies. The results of this study include Medan City spatial planning is regulated in Medan City Regional Regulation No. 13 of 2011 concerning Medan City's regional spatial plan for 2011-2031 and Medan City's Regional Regulation No. 2 of 2015 regarding detailed spatial planning and Medan City zoning regulations for 2015-2035. Spatial planning depends on structural components and space utilization patterns arranged in spatial planning. Spatial planning in Medan City cannot be equated with other cities. The future spatial planning policy is a public policy that must be transparent and fair and accommodate the interests of various levels of society so that the community's involvement as development actors in the planning, utilization, and control of space is necessary. Spatial management in the city of Medan must combine structural and non-structural so that the city's objectives will achieve spatial planning.Keywords: Spatial Planning, Planning, Regional Development, Medan City
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Visser, Robin. "Posthuman policies for creative, smart, eco-cities? Case studies from China." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 1 (April 17, 2018): 206–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18765481.

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Policies promoting creative, smart, sustainable cities continue to dominate global urban policy scripts. This article explores how posthuman assumptions embedded in such scripts render the socially embodied human invisible and analyzes cases of their rationalization and enactment within China. The article concludes that understandings of creativity in Chinese urban aesthetics expose premises of globally promoted urban policy scripts more transparently than those informed by European aesthetic traditions. The Chinese city is understood to manifest the creative obsessions of humans rather than to actualize a transcendent, idealized vision separate from that of its human creators. This resembles Guy Debord’s idea that what we see in the world—how the world is architected—is a materialization of triumphant ideologies. The contemporary Chinese city, incentivized by the entrepreneurial state, makes visible Debord’s globally dominant “integrated spectacular.” Once creativity and intelligence are rationalized, the autonomous “creative,” “smart,” “eco” city is branded in a global supply chain of city production. Consequently, the posthuman city need not account for the conditions under which embodied humans are actually inspired to create and adequately compensated for their creations. Rather than attributing the failure of posthuman policies in Chinese cities to Chinese exceptionalism, these cases expose universal fault lines in the policies themselves.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "City planning – Scandinavia – Case studies"

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Striker, Maren. "Intensification, compact city development and sustainability case studies of Hong Kong (China) and Randstad (the Netherlands) /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42929969.

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Maneval, Gretchen Ann 1973. "Including inclusionary zoning : the case of New York City." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68394.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2003.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-107).
This thesis aims to lay a foundation for a more informed discourse on including inclusionary zoning as a mechanism for creating affordable housing in New York City. To this end, it provides a brief history of inclusionary zoning, and explores the general legal, economic, social, and political arguments for and against this policy tool. It examines the New York City housing crisis, and the issues of gentrification and displacement that are confronting the city. Interview responses of stakeholders, and the varied positions articulated in policy briefs and public hearing testimonies regarding the renewed inclusionary zoning debate in New York City, are presented. A case study of the rezoning proposal by the Department of City Planning for the neighborhood of Park Slope, Brooklyn and the inclusionary zoning debate that accompanied it, is used to frame the positions for and against inclusionary zoning. It also highlights the ideological and political pressure surrounding the public hearing process and the policy decisions that were ultimately reached in this New York City case. Recommendations are given for elements that should be included in a new inclusionary zoning program in New York City, as are suggestions for future research and policymaking strategies. This thesis postulates that inclusionary zoning is a viable policy tool for incenting the development of affordable housing in New York City and maintains that the housing landscape of New York City in 2003 is ripe for a new inclusionary zoning program. It argues that a strong housing market, especially in certain gentrifying neighborhoods, combined with a continued crisis regarding the affordability and availability of housing, sets the stage for a new inclusionary zoning program. Furthermore, it contends that not only do the rezoning and upzoning proposals by New York City's Department of City Planning (DCP) provide an environment of increased development capacity in several of the city's neighborhoods conducive to the application of inclusionary zoning density bonuses, but that these proposals also exacerbate the trends of gentrification and displacement. This thesis proposes that by leveraging the financial capacity and development efficiency of for-profit developers, New York City can ensure a low-cost, high quality housing product for working families. Further, it suggests that the application of a new inclusionary zoning program will allow developers the benefit of increased density, and when combined with other financial and tax-based incentives, can achieve an even higher profit margin than with as-of-right development.
by Gretchen Ann Maneval.
M.C.P.
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McCarten, Alan Paul. "Planning, mediation and the divided city : three case studies of Belfast." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678941.

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This thesis is concerned with planning practice and the mediation of conflict. It argues that collaborative approaches to planning fail to acknowledge the complexities of conflict surrounding the redevelopment and use of land. Drawing on conflict studies and mediation literature, it puts forward the concept of mediation as having the potential to embrace conflict in a way that collaborative approaches to planning do not. Accordingly the aim of the thesis is to evaluate how the parameters of mediation are capable of supplementing the collaborative ideal in planning. The thesis employs a distinct analytical framework comprising the theoretical perspectives of communicative action, communicative planning, agonistic pluralism and power alongside key principles derived from the literature on conflict and mediation. It uses case studies in the divided city of Belfast and adopts a qualitative approach to examine the context of physical redevelopment initiatives at three contested sites located in the West and North of the city. An interpretative analysis of the qualitative data places under scrutiny the issues associated with the processes, partnerships and societal relations connected to the three case study sites: The Stewartstown Road Regeneration Project in West Belfast; The Crumlin Road Gaol and Girdwood Barracks site in North Belfast; and the Adam Street site in North Belfast. The investigation advances and deepens the understanding of the nature of conflict in planning practice. It demonstrates the influence of contextual factors on processes of collaborative decision-making. The empirical research has shown these factors to act as intractable barriers and points to the false promise of collaborative planning. The study attends to the emerging context of change in NI through the development of new structures and legislative/policy frameworks, and in drawing together the empirical findings, offers a conceptualisation of mediation in the framework of spatial planning.
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Chan, Dick-sang Philip. "A comparative study on the planning system of Hong Kong and the PRC, using Hong Kong and Guangzhou as case studies." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42577548.

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Sareen, Vandana 1973. "Fiscal decentralization and revenue mobilization : case of Olongapo City, Philippines." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70334.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-75).
This study examines problems encountered in revenue mobilization by the Local Government of Olongapo City under the Philippines fiscal decentralization policy. It documents the revenue generation processes in Olongapo City, analyses the various administrative and procedural roadblocks faced in generating revenue from major local sources, and recommends steps that can be taken to increase local revenues. It concludes that revenue reform and performance at the local level is highly dependent on local administrative, technical and managerial capacity. Developing local capacity in these areas is critical for effective implementation of the broader decentralized fiscal system.
by Vandana Sareen.
M.C.P.
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Smith, Adrian Lukas. "Multiculturalism and planning." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22284850.

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Agarwal, Anjali M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Business leadership in city planning : the case of the Central Artery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34177.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves [91]-[97]).
This thesis has been motivated by my interest in the Artery Business Committee (ABC), which was formed in 1989 with a mission to collectively represent the business community's interests in the fear and opportunity presented by the Central Artery Project in Boston. ABC's objectives were to ensure access to the downtown business district during the project and to market the city of Boston as a place to visit, do business in and invest in. This example of ABC presents an interesting paradigm in city planning where business groups recognize their relationship and role in planning for the city future. The same trend can also be found in several other cities. Two leading examples, which have been chosen for detail study, are the Commercial Club of Chicago and the Central Houston Inc. Both the business led civic groups have an agenda similar to that of ABC and promote a better future for their cities. Owing to their efforts, both the business groups now hold a strategic position of influence in their city's planning process and decision-making. Their study offers several important lessons, which can further be used as criteria to judge ABC's role in the planning of the Central Artery Project in Boston.
(cont.) In 2005, as the Central Artery project nears completion, ABC aims to continue their participation in the planning of Boston and further its objective of economic development and enhanced competitiveness for the city. Through the study of other case examples and a detailed analysis of ABC, the thesis attempts to put forward recommendations for ABC's transformation into its second phase of civic participation. Furthermore, these recommendations can be used as a generic set of tools for a business-backed organization to participate in city planning and development and leverage change.
by Anjali Agarwal.
M.C.P.
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Striker, Maren. "Intensification, compact city development and sustainability: case studies of Hong Kong (China) andRandstad (the Netherlands)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42929969.

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Naranjo-Preciado, Veronica. "A case study of land use plans and regulations in downtown Mexico City." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69386.

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張更立 and Gengli Zhang. "China's urban planning system in a changing context: a case study of Shenzhen." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260184.

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Books on the topic "City planning – Scandinavia – Case studies"

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Miami University (Oxford, Ohio). Architecture Dept. Urban case studies: Sophomore studio. Oxford, OH: The Department, 1985.

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Bista, Santosh Kumar. Dialogues in urban planning. Sydney: Planning Research Centre, University of Sydney, 2006.

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Urban planning after war, disaster and disintegration: Case studies. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars, 2010.

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Jansen-Verbeke, Myriam. Leisure, recreation, and tourism in inner cities: Explorative case-studies. Amsterdam: Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 1988.

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The planning game: Lessons from great cities. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2012.

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Redevelopment of industrial sites: Strategies for reclaiming the urban landscape. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2010.

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University of Winnipeg. Institute of Urban Studies., ed. Case studies of some suburban office centres in Toronto. Winnipeg: Institute of Urban Studies, University of Winnipeg, 1993.

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The forefront of urban China: New special development zones and their impact on the spatial transformation of Chinese cities--a case study of Xi'an. Köln: Geographisches Institut der Universität zu Köln, 2007.

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Asian ethical urbanism: A radical postmodern perspective. New Jersey: World Scientific Pub., 2005.

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Korhonen, Erkki. Meri-Rastila: Kaupunkikylä. Helsinki: Helsingin kaupunki, Tietokeskus, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "City planning – Scandinavia – Case studies"

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Burtenshaw, D., M. Bateman, and G. J. Ashworth. "City Planning Case Studies." In The European City, 243–71. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003169901-11.

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Pathak, Minal, P. R. Shukla, Amit Garg, and Hem Dholakia. "Integrating Climate Change in City Planning: Framework and Case Studies." In Cities and Sustainability, 151–77. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2310-8_8.

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Bannerji, Parama. "Is Participatory Urban Planning Deepening Democracy: The Case of Haora City, West Bengal." In Contemporary South Asian Studies, 271–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23796-7_17.

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Shameti, Andi. "Commercial Development and GIS in Neighborhood Context: Case of Tirana, Albania." In Advanced Studies in Efficient Environmental Design and City Planning, 93–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65181-7_8.

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Shamout, Sameh, and Paola Boarin. "An Overview of 100 Resilient Cities Network—The Case of Amman." In Advanced Studies in Efficient Environmental Design and City Planning, 267–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65181-7_22.

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Mandal, Anita. "Neighborhood Urban Green Spaces for Senior Citizens and Children, Case Study: Delhi." In Advanced Studies in Efficient Environmental Design and City Planning, 373–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65181-7_30.

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Gharaibeh, Anne A., Mohammed H. Al-Kaff, Ammar M. Ze’aiter, and Mohammad H. Abuharbid. "A Framework for Branding Rural Towns: A Case Study of Al-Mughayyer, Irbid, Jordan." In Advanced Studies in Efficient Environmental Design and City Planning, 611–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65181-7_49.

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Jackson, S. M., L. Singh, and T. Doshi. "Valuing Public Perceptions of Biophilia Impact on Human Well-Being: 2 Sustainable Building Case Studies from Greece and India." In Advanced Studies in Efficient Environmental Design and City Planning, 179–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65181-7_16.

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Boudiaf, Saouane Med, and Zeghichi Sarra. "New, Smart, and Sustainable Cities in Algeria: Realities and Challenges. Case of the City of Sidi Abdellah in Algiers Region." In Advanced Studies in Efficient Environmental Design and City Planning, 209–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65181-7_18.

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Awad, Aya, Debbie Bartlett, and Guido Conaldi. "Evaluation of Development Strategies and Community Needs in Developing Countries: A Comparative Case Study of Informal Settlements in Asia and Africa." In Advanced Studies in Efficient Environmental Design and City Planning, 197–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65181-7_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "City planning – Scandinavia – Case studies"

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SCHIAVON, MARCO, MARCO RAGAZZI, ELENA MAGARIL, MAXIM CHASHCHIN, ANZHELIKA KARAEVA, VINCENZO TORRETTA, and ELENA CRISTINA RADA. "PLANNING SUSTAINABILITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION: THREE CASE STUDIES." In SUSTAINABLE CITY 2021. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc210091.

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Mahmoud, N., and P. Selman. "Natural infrastructure in urban and planning strategies in arid zones: case studies from Egypt." In THE SUSTAINABLE CITY 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc100111.

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Suzuki, Y. "Studies on the enforcement of the Low Carbon City Promotion Act and a case example of Low Carbon City Development Plan in Omihachiman City." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2015, edited by F. Kakei, C. Yamamoto, M. Sawaki, R. Matsunaka, and Y. Moritsu. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp150361.

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Bradecki, Tomasz. "Urban design competition as a tool for planning the future of cities: case studies in Poland." In Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8060.

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The compact city paradigm is very often described as compact (dense), mixed use settlements. Masterplans for crucial areas in cities play a major role for future development of cities. The most strategic and important sites are often a subject of urban design competitions – calls for proposals for future development ideas. Some of the competition entries are only a subject for a brainstorming discussion about the future of the cities or its parts. Some of winning entries become basis for real masterplans which are implemented later. In this article several case studies of competitions and its results have been presented. Also, a methodology classification has been proposed. Also a classification has been proposed. Three case studies of urban design competitions has been discussed: Wygoda settlement' in Bia³ystok, Gizynek settlement in Stargard Szczeciñski and city centre of Goleniów. The findings of the research on this case study help us understand whether competitions might be used as a tool for future city 'modeling'. The author is a researcher and also an architect and urban designer, as well as the author of many competition entries.
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O'Hare, Daniel. "owards effective planning of trans-border city regions. Three Australian case studies." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/sjzf2131.

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Polycentric city regions are expanding worldwide, often spanning national borders. Using literature review and document research, comparative case studies of regional planning of Australia’s emerging internal trans-border city regions are presented. The paper examines fifty years of trans-border planning efforts at three urbanizing borders of the Australian state of New South Wales, demonstrating different levels of commitment and success, partly depending on the proximity (or remoteness) of each trans-border city region to the capital cities in each state or territory. Evidence is provided that effective trans-border planning of city regions depends on overcoming differing levels of commitment to trans-border planning by the state jurisdictions involved.
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Ferretti, A., and A. Tieri. "Opportunities and constraints of the participation processes in urban mobility planning: case studies in the city of Rome." In The Sustainable City 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc120652.

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H-LUZ-VEGA, DANIEL, ALEYDA RESÉNDIZ-VÁZQUEZ, and EDITH MONTESINOS-PEDRO. "SOCIAL CAPITAL IN LOW-INCOME NEIGHBORHOODS IN THE FACE OF FLOODS: CASE STUDIES IN MEXICO CITY, MEXICO." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2022. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp220051.

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RINDONE, CORRADO. "URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING, ITS AND ENERGY RESOURCES: A FRAMEWORK FOR SMART CITY CASE STUDIES." In COASTAL CITIES 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/cc190101.

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Lim, ia Yen, and Haruka Ono. "Exploring inclusive developments of water supply management in urban informal areas. Case studies from Mumbai and Nairobi." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/sxej2100.

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This study examines how the development of water supply management happens over time in distinct types of informal areas in Mumbai and Nairobi. The financial differences and political barriers in both cities, together with the vast diversity factors, development patterns, and challenges of each study area show that reconsidering different approaches is significant in developing more inclusive paradigms in water provision in informal areas. Relevant to these concerns, this study aims to clarify water practices and explore inclusive ways of developing water supply management through the analyses of water provision modes and network systems in each study area. A series of field studies on the type of water sources and facilities, parties involved in water practices, and characteristics of water development was performed in six case studies (i.e., three in Mumbai and three in Nairobi) from 2014 to 2019. The main findings of this study show that an unconventional informal tenure system constrains the settlement typology and development of the physical access of service facilities in study areas. Moreover, the different measures taken by Mumbai and Nairobi in providing water supply to informal areas result in an unequal path for water development and various vulnerability levels. Therefore, we argue that the mixtures of policy- and practice-rooted practices ensure a more inclusive water development because they would lead to the sociotechnical arrangements of the technical system and institutional arrangements that better fit the local conditions characterized by different spatial structures and social variables.
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Schneider-Skalska, Grażyna, and Paweł Tor. "Residential areas in the structure of the city: case studies from west europe and Krakow." In Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8079.

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Once they adopted the sedentary lifestyle, humans set to building settlements which were to protect groups of families and give them the sense of belonging to a material and social community. The settlement unit which could be called a housing complex goes back thousands of years BC. The scale of problems related to housing environment grew considerably with the emergence and development of cities, yet truly distinctive quantitative and qualitative changes occurred in the early 20th century. Implementation of the programmatic assumptions of the Athens Charter resulted in the emergence of spatial and functional structures based on hierarchic dependence of components. The initial projects reflected the pursuit of a human-scale environment and the structural division into neighbourhood units. Undoubtedly, the second part of the 20th century brought about a change in the trends of development in cities. Large housing estates were abandoned in favour of a much greater diversity of housing complex forms – the revived form of city street, urban block or the classic form of a residential complex with clearly delineated structure, services and – most frequently –some recreational areas. The 21st century draws from well-known patterns, complementing them with new elements and solutions imposed by the requirements of the principles of sustainable development. Due to the limited availability of land in highly urbanized central city parts, contemporary housing development occupies more peripheral areas, often at the border between urban and rural neighbourhoods. The development process involves numerous participants, often with opposing interests – public authorities, whose concern should be sustainable growth of the whole city, and developer firms and investors, whose motivation is to maximize profit. This situation has led in most Polish cities to the emergence of disconnected fenced-away residential ghettos with no spatial order. Meanwhile, housing development in Western Europe continues to be built as planned urban complexes drawing from the experience of the past and satisfying the needs of the contemporary city dwellers. The article presents several urban complexes with dominant housing development (Orestad in Copenhagen, Monte Laa and Nordbahnhof-Area in Vienna, Ijburg in Amsterdam and Riem in Munich) built relatively recently.It discusses their functional, spatial and social characteristics, which make them examples of good practice in contemporary urban planning. They demonstrate clearly that only comprehensive planning in a broader scale guarantees creation of high-quality urban spaces, where the welfare of resident communities is a priority.
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Reports on the topic "City planning – Scandinavia – Case studies"

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Rarasati, Niken, and Rezanti Putri Pramana. Giving Schools and Teachers Autonomy in Teacher Professional Development Under a Medium-Capability Education System. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2023/050.

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A mature teacher who continuously seeks improvement should be recognised as a professional who has autonomy in conducting their job and has the autonomy to engage in a professional community of practice (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010). In other words, teachers’ engagement in professional development activities should be driven by their own determination rather than extrinsic sources of motivation. In this context, teachers’ self-determination can be defined as a feeling of connectedness with their own aspirations or personal values, confidence in their ability to master new skills, and a sense of autonomy in planning their own professional development path (Stupnisky et al., 2018; Eyal and Roth, 2011; Ryan and Deci, 2000). Previous studies have shown the advantages of providing teachers with autonomy to determine personal and professional improvement. Bergmark (2020) found that giving teachers the opportunity to identify areas of improvement based on teaching experience expanded the ways they think and understand themselves as teachers and how they can improve their teaching. Teachers who plan their own improvement showed a higher level of curiosity in learning and trying out new things. Bergmark (2020) also shows that a continuous cycle of reflection and teaching improvement allows teachers to recognise that the perfect lesson does not exist. Hence, continuous reflection and improvement are needed to shape the lesson to meet various classroom contexts. Moreover, Cheon et al. (2018) found that increased teacher autonomy led to greater teaching efficacy and a greater tendency to adopt intrinsic (relative to extrinsic) instructional goals. In developed countries, teacher autonomy is present and has become part of teachers’ professional life and schools’ development plans. In Finland, for example, the government is responsible for providing resources and services that schools request, while school development and teachers’ professional learning are integrated into a day-to-day “experiment” performed collaboratively by teachers and principals (Niemi, 2015). This kind of experience gives teachers a sense of mastery and boosts their determination to continuously learn (Ryan and Deci, 2000). In low-performing countries, distributing autonomy of education quality improvement to schools and teachers negatively correlates with the countries’ education outcomes (Hanushek et al., 2011). This study also suggests that education outcome accountability and teacher capacity are necessary to ensure the provision of autonomy to improve education quality. However, to have teachers who can meet dynamic educational challenges through continuous learning, de Klerk & Barnett (2020) suggest that developing countries include programmes that could nurture teachers’ agency to learn in addition to the regular content and pedagogical-focused teacher training materials. Giving autonomy to teachers can be challenging in an environment where accountability or performance is measured by narrow considerations (teacher exam score, administrative completion, etc.). As is the case in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, teachers tend to attend training to meet performance evaluation administrative criteria rather than to address specific professional development needs (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). Generally, the focus of the training relies on what the government believes will benefit their teaching workforce. Teacher professional development (TPD) is merely an assignment for Jakarta teachers. Most teachers attend the training only to obtain attendance certificates that can be credited towards their additional performance allowance. Consequently, those teachers will only reproduce teaching practices that they have experienced or observed from their seniors. As in other similar professional development systems, improvement in teaching quality at schools is less likely to happen (Hargreaves, 2000). Most of the trainings were led by external experts or academics who did not interact with teachers on a day-to-day basis. This approach to professional development represents a top-down mechanism where teacher training was designed independently from teaching context and therefore appears to be overly abstract, unpractical, and not useful for teachers (Timperley, 2011). Moreover, the lack of relevancy between teacher training and teaching practice leads to teachers’ low ownership of the professional development process (Bergmark, 2020). More broadly, in the Jakarta education system, especially the public school system, autonomy was never given to schools and teachers prior to establishing the new TPD system in 2021. The system employed a top-down relationship between the local education agency, teacher training centres, principals, and teachers. Professional development plans were usually motivated by a low teacher competency score or budgeted teacher professional development programme. Guided by the scores, the training centres organised training that could address knowledge areas that most of Jakarta's teachers lack. In many cases, to fulfil the quota as planned in the budget, the local education agency and the training centres would instruct principals to assign two teachers to certain training without knowing their needs. Realizing that the system was not functioning, Jakarta’s local education agency decided to create a reform that gives more autonomy toward schools and teachers in determining teacher professional development plan. The new system has been piloted since November 2021. To maintain the balance between administrative evaluation and addressing professional development needs, the new initiative highlights the key role played by head teachers or principals. This is based on assumption that principals who have the opportunity to observe teaching practice closely could help teachers reflect and develop their professionalism. (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). As explained by the professional development case in Finland, leadership and collegial collaboration are also critical to shaping a school culture that could support the development of professional autonomy. The collective energies among teachers and the principal will also direct the teacher toward improving teaching, learning, and caring for students and parents (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010; Hargreaves, 2000). Thus, the new TPD system in Jakarta adopts the feature of collegial collaboration. This is considered as imperative in Jakarta where teachers used to be controlled and join a professional development activity due to external forces. Learning autonomy did not exist within themselves. Hence, teachers need a leader who can turn the "professional development regulation" into a culture at schools. The process will shape teachers to do professional development quite autonomously (Deci et al., 2001). In this case, a controlling leadership style will hinder teachers’ autonomous motivation. Instead, principals should articulate a clear vision, consider teachers' individual needs and aspirations, inspire, and support professional development activities (Eyal and Roth, 2011). This can also be called creating a professional culture at schools (Fullan, 1996). In this Note, we aim to understand how the schools and teachers respond to the new teacher professional development system. We compare experience and motivation of different characteristics of teachers.
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