Relevant bibliographies by topics / City above the city

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'City above the city'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "City above the city"

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Tomlinson, Charles. "Above the City." Hudson Review 54, no. 4 (2002): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3853302.

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Sadullaeva, A. P., and G. K. Baizhaksynova. "On the city brand development: city style as a city brand dimension." Bulletin of "Turan" University, no. 3 (October 7, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46914/1562-2959-2021-1-3-57-64.

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The article discusses the issues of the development of the city brand. The main purpose of the study was to identify the factors and components that contribute to the development of the city brand. The city brand model of Thomas Gad has been taken as a theoretical basis of the study. This model describes four dimensions of a city brand: mental, spiritual, social and functional. The author of the article has made an attempt to describe and add one more dimension to above-mentioned model-the dimension of “city style” with its visual and aesthetic aspect. The literature review has been conducted in order to clarify the concepts of “brand” and “city brand”. The questionnaire has been carried out among residents of two cities of Kazakhstan to identify the influence of the city style on the recognition of the city. The above is the theoretical and practical contribution of this study to the development and formation of the city’s brand. The proposal of the author of the study to develop design codes for cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan is of applied importance.
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FUKUDA, Kazuyo, Nobuhiro MATSUNAGA, and Soichiro SAKAI. "BEHAVIORS OF SEA BREEZE ABOVE FUKUOKA CITY." PROCEEDINGS OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING 44 (2000): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prohe.44.85.

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McNeill, Donald. "The volumetric city." Progress in Human Geography 44, no. 5 (July 30, 2019): 815–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132519863486.

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This paper sets out a research agenda for the interrogation of urban space as being ontologically constituted by its volumetric properties: that is, the ways in which the arrangement of dimensions and capacities above, below and in relation to the surface of the city are measured. The paper reviews the nascent ‘volumetric turn’ in explaining the production of urban space, noting the growing interest among scholars in understanding how verticality, surface, and the subterranean relate to the power and political economy of cities.
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Voloshkina, Olena, Rostyslav Sipakov, Dmytro Varavin, Yevheniia Anpilova, Tetiana Kryvomaz, and Julia Bereznitska. "Pollution of atmospheric air above the city highways." USEFUL online journal 2, no. 4 (December 26, 2018): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32557/useful-2-4-2018-0002.

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The study is devoted to the estimation of pollution deposit caused by vehicles into the city to-tal greenhouse gases emissions and to the forecast of the secondary air pollution with formal-dehyde. The present study contains mathematic model which allows getting the estimation of vehicles emission in the total amount of polluted atmospheric air. The model consists of two intercon-nected parts: a dynamic and a kinetic one. The first part of the model is based on the Theory of Convective Jet and Thermals in the Atmosphere and allows to get the parameters of the contaminated air which is being formed over the highway. The Dynamic part of the model allows to get the total amount of hydrocarbons emission depending on the number of vehicles which is present at the same time on the highway. We also obtain the data on concentration of pollution and temperature increasing in the narrowest section of the thermal jet. The kinetic part of the model allows to determine the concentration of the secondary atmos-pheric air contamination with formaldehyde as a result of photochemical transformation of hydrocarbons which are the part of emission of internal combustion engine. The speed of the transformation reaction was determined by the Can't Hoff-Arrhenius deferential equation. The given mathematical model was tested with the help of the system of regular observation over the polluted atmospheric air in Kyiv city. The comparison of the estimated value of for-maldehyde concentration and the observation data doesn't exceed 5 % above the maximum values. According to average monthly rates there is a false positive error (to + 20 % in the warmest months). Basing on the given model the calculator of concentration of pollution by vehicles was devel-oped. This calculator allows to obtain rapidly the values of formaldehyde concentration, de-pending on air temperature, solar radiation and number of vehicles on the highway. The amount of hydrocarbon emission from the vehicles, according the suggested model, allows to estimate the deposit of vehicles into the total amount of greenhouse gases of the city. The ob-tained results could be useful in forming of ecological policy of the cities and in managerial decision making.
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Furedy, Christine, and Frederic C. Thomas. "Calcutta Poor: Elegies on a City Above Pretense." Pacific Affairs 71, no. 4 (1998): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2761107.

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Collins, Patrick. "Who makes the city? The evolution of Galway city." Administration 68, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/admin-2020-0011.

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AbstractThis paper sets out to better understand the roles of various actors and actions in the ‘making’ of Galway city. From the formation of the state, with a population of just over 14,000, the city has enjoyed population growth rates above EU and Irish averages over the past three decades. This paper maps a series of growth phases resulting from sometimes deliberate and other times non-deliberate policy decisions. The theoretical lens adopted is that of evolutionary economic geography. This is an attempt to counteract the tendency in broader social science research to underplay geographical aspects, such as places, space and scales. Economic geography – and evolutionary economic geography in particular – better identifies the complexity and nuance of place development. Theorists such as Boschma (2017) and Martin & Sunley (2015) consider development as a path-dependent process. Development is situated and place-based. This requires a more historically attuned perspective and a recognition that the role played by institutions, government and policy is vital. The paper concludes with a broad reflection on the role of spatial development policy and the potential future development of the city.
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Yang, Yijun, and Haibin Duan. "City Group Optimization." International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research 7, no. 3 (July 2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsir.2016070101.

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City group refers to a collection of cities. Through the development and growth, and these cities form a chain of metropolitan areas. In a city group, cities are divided into central cities and subordinate cities. Generally, central cities have greater chances to develop. However, subordinate cities may not have great chances to develop unless they are adjacent to central cities. Thus, a city is more likely to develop well if it is near a central city. In the process, the spatial distribution of cities changes all the time. Urbanologists call the above phenomena as the evolution of city groups. In this paper, the city group optimization algorithm is presented, which is based on urbanology and mimics the evolution of city groups. The robustness and evolutionary process of the proposed city group optimization algorithm are validated by testing it on 15 benchmark functions. The comparative results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for solving complexly continuous problems due to a stronger ability to escape from local optima.
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Showstack, Randy. "Largest meteor since Tunguska event explodes above Russian city." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 94, no. 9 (February 26, 2013): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013eo090004.

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Nasir, Muhammad. "HINTERLAND MEDAN CITY BETWEEN BINJAI CITY: A GRAVITATION APPROACH." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 17, no. 1 (July 30, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jep.v17i1.9119.

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Regional economy explains that there is an urban hierarchical relationship, cities that have higher hierarchy will serve cities that are below it as well as cities that are in the hierarchy undersupplying cities that are in the hierarchy above them, so there is a gravitational relationship between the two. This study aims to determine the gravitational relationship of Medan city to the hinterland of the city of Binjai. Furthermore, this study also wants to explain its influence on economic growth in both cities. This analysis tools used are descriptive statistics, gravity models, unit root test, co-integration test, optimal lag, VECM, Granger causality test, impulse response function, and variance decomposition. The results showed that the city of Medan has a gravity style greater than the gravitational style of the city of Binjai. The VECM estimation results show that the gravitational variable in the city of Binjai in lag -1 and lag-2 has a positive and significant effect on the economy of Medan city. Then the economic variable of the city of Binjai itself in lag-1, the population of the city of Medan in lag-2 and the gravity of the city of Medan in lag-2 had a positive and significant effect on the economy of Binjai city. While the variable population of Binjai city in lag -1 and residents of the city of Medan in lag -1 negatively affected the economy of Binjai city.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "City above the city"

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Henstra, Simon. "Inner-city palimpsest: Building the city above the city." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13129.

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This dissertation emerged from a fascination with the rich urban and architectural fabric of dense inner-cities, the layered palimpsest, and strong sense of character as a result of the piecemeal evolution of the city over time. Retaining this character is at odds with the phenomenon of a market-driven, developer-led method of place ‘un-making’ within the city which aims to maximise utility and scale, removes large portions of the existing urban fabric in the process, but adds much needed density to the city. The dissertation attempts to understand the paradox between the positive addition of density, and the nega- tive destruction of good urban fabric and character. While vacant erven within the city are scarce, the city’s density is far less than is planned due to many existing buildings having a lower bulk than is allowed. Simply put, there is a vast amount of airspace above the existing city which is being underutilised and underdeveloped. This dissertation explores a method of placemaking less dependent on the ground plane, and able to occupy the underutilised airspace above existing blocks and erven; densifying the city, and expanding its capacity, while maintaining the unique sense of character and rich urban fabric which is a product of generations of small steps in development. The dissertation attempts to cover, as a narrative, the process of unpacking ideas as pragmatic as zoning and as poetic as what it means to contribute to the rich architectural palimpsest, and everything in between.
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Ross, Rebecca. "All Above: Visual Culture and the Professionalization of City Planning, 1867-1931." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10331.

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This dissertation is developed around questions of how cultural fascinations with seeing the city from above are intertwined with the birth and development of the city planning profession. To explore this question, I examine three contexts linked to already-familiar episodes from the history of city planning: Paris in the aftermath of Haussmann-ization, the visual approach of proto-planner Daniel H. Burnham, and the New York region in advance of the rise of master-planner Robert Moses. These settings serve as a basis for a reoriented approach to understanding how and why a new category of experts tasked with intervening in urban conditions emerged. Among other views, Paris is seen from the height of a tethered hot air balloon; San Francisco and Chicago from Twin Peaks and the roof of the Railway Exchange Building, respectively; and New York from the lens of a Fairchild aerial camera, as well as from the 86th story of the Empire State Building. The sublime experience facilitated by such vistas undergirds the discussion. It is employed to recast existing historical accounts of the birth of the city-planning profession at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries to more deeply reflect its interaction with the proliferation and subsequent breakdown of a visual culture of "the city" from above shared amongst experts and citizens alike.
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Adama-Ajonye, Onyanta. "Governing from above : solid waste management in Nigeria's new capital city of Abuja /." Stockholm : Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis (AUS) : Almqvist & Wiksell International [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6845.

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Adama, Onyanta. "Governing from Above : Solid Waste Management in Nigeria's New Capital City of Abuja." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Human Geography, Stockholm Univeristy, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6845.

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Bullard, Stevan. "Informal Development in Cairo, the View from Above: A Case Study Using Aerial Photo Interpretation to Examine Informal Housing in the Imbaba District of Cairo." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04262006-150413/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Title from title screen. Dona J. Stewart, committee chair; Elaine J. Hallisey, Jeremy Crampton, committee members. Electronic text (135 p. : maps (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 18, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-134).
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Danielsson, Nina, Joshua Foss, and Aaron Quesnel. "Solutions From Above : Using Rooftop Agriculture to Move Cities Towards Sustainability." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3452.

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Cities present many opportunities to improve socio-ecological sustainability through efficiencies of scale and access to resources and services. These benefits are often compromised by rapidly increasing urban populations demanding energy, water, resources and food that are sourced, produced and transported from rural areas in unsustainable ways. A systems level approach to understanding the complex challenges cities face is required to strategically plan for the future. Rooftop agriculture is one measure that can help address many sustainability problems cities are currently faced with. Our research aims to identify the role rooftop agriculture can play in moving society towards sustainability, the challenges it currently faces that may prevent it from being widely implemented, and how to overcome these challenges. To structure our research, we used the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD), a scientifically rigorous and peer reviewed model designed to manage the complexity of planning and decision-making towards sustainability. The culmination of this paper was the creation of a Sustainable Rooftop Agriculture Guide, a practical resource that can help city stakeholders determine how to best use rooftop agriculture in their movement towards sustainability.
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Bouchet-Blancou, Géraldine. "Densifier et rénover à l'échelle urbaine par la surélévation ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG031.

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La thèse examine le potentiel de la surélévation à répondre aux attentes des politiques urbaines de densification verticale, par l’étude de trois métropoles européennes : Paris, Genève et Barcelone. Face aux enjeux de lutte contre l’étalement urbain, de rénovation thermique du parc bâti, de mixité sociale, de détente de la pression foncière et de valorisation du patrimoine architectural remarquable et ordinaire, la surélévation est perçue depuis le début des années 2000 comme une solution ayant fait ses preuves à l’échelle du bâti et exploitable maintenant à plus vaste échelle : celle de la métropole. Faire la ville sur la ville serait alors la solution aux maux urbains actuels. Mettre en oeuvre à grande échelle une typologie si fortement liée à l’existant n’est cependant pas si simple et les résultats sont parfois même contre-productifs
The thesis examines the potential of roof stacking to meet the expectations of urban densification policies, by studying three European cities : Paris, Geneva and Barcelona. Faced with the challenges of fighting against urban sprawl, thermal renovation of the building stock, social mix, easing of land pressure and enhancing the remarkable as the ordinary architectural heritage, roof stacking has been perceived since the early 2000’s as a proven solution on the building scale and now usable on a larger scale : that of the metropolis. Making a new city above the city would then be the solution to current urban ills. However, implementing a typology so strongly linked to the existing isn’t so simple and the results are sometimes even counter productive
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Larsvall, Joel. "A city within the city." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231941.

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Stockholm was formed on an archipelago where water separates the inner-city districts, which gives the city its distinctive character. As a reaction to the increasing population the city underwent a considerable expansion in the beginning of the last century. At first the city extended around the islands of the city centre, for it later to extend into suburbs reaching far away from the city centre. Today the city is once again increasing in population, but unlike before its borders cannot be expanded. We face the problem of densification, of filling in the gaps in-between sparsely spread out suburban communities. A commonly used strategy is to mimic the form of the inner city in new developments, regardless of their actual position in the city. These developments often lack the urban life that was planned for, the reason being that there is not enough people for a culture of conges-tion. There cannot be only one answer to how the city should approach the question of densification since the conditions vary depending on the site. At each site both nature and the juxtaposition of the urban and suburban condition has to be considered.Right before the functionalist breakthrough, the plan-ners and architects faced a similar problem. There was a need to densify the city along its periphery and to make use of vacant sites that had been too difficult to exploit. Loose groups of blocks were built on ridges or in former valleys. With their location, coordinated execution and distribution of streets, the groups of blocks became domestic enclaves, linked to the adjacent city in key situations. The large perimeter blocks framed nature, providing generous courtyards in interplay with the streetscape, thus mediating the urban and suburban condition. When the inner city continued to expand, these enclaves became interwoven with the urban fabric, becoming cities within the city.Today former harbors, and industrial areas often make place for larger residential developments. One such site is Lövholmen, which is situated on the immediate limit of the inner city. Here, any architectural intervention would have to deal with the dialectics of urban and sub-urban, architecture and nature. The project aims to syn-thesise these factors, learning from the references and revisiting their urban strategies whilst making the build-ings suitable for the conditions of contemporary living. The project aims not only to bridge the gap between architecture and urbanism but to make a proposal of how the city can grow in continuity with its history.
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Shrivastava, Priyanshu. "Exploring compact city : reconfiguring the compact city." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2009. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1540710.

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Intent and aim The primary intent of this thesis is to explore about Compact Urbanism and to define an approach towards low density, mono functional precincts in the city that lie underutilized in their potential towards a positive contribution to the city and to come with new model of compact city that will answer the challenges and problems that are still unanswered. The reconfigured Compact city will built environment at the best possible way to support the best quality of life. Everyone wants to be free of the urban pollution he can directly sense: the smog, smoke, grime, litter, odors, city heat, din, poor water, and the slum conditions. But the environmental degradation associated with urban development can also be measured in terms of disrupted ecosystems and wasteful use of green space and natural resources. The approach illustrates how and why compact city is the way of redesigning an urban environment so as to get rid of these negative aspects and to preserve enhance the qualities of urban life that we have come to accept desirable. Eventually to reconfigure the compact city which will work better than what has been proposed so far. The new model of compact city will make neighborhoods more lively, safe and relevant for children; and so that the city itself becomes a more exciting center for personal interactions in today’s fast-moving world. Main Concerns Concerns rise from the observations that there are city structures that are inefficient and are underutilized areas in the cities which have lower intensity of use and untapped potential to absorb new functions, activities and housing stocks. As of by-product of mono functional use and low density these areas have issues like lack of identity, character and lack of a vibrant public domain. A Renewal process is important for such city precincts that are located near city centers or work centers and occupy large areas at low densities in relation to its location and potential. The notion of the Compact City is a reaction against the city structures in most developed cities-dense cores accommodating most of the cities workplaces, retail, entertainment, commerce, services and amenities and sprawling low-density, single use suburbs-a city structure which by default produces the need to travel and as a product car dependency, energy consumption and pollution. The basis for the debate is the general agreement that the city as we know and inhabit today causes unsustainable environmental stress, is socially stratified & functionally sub-optimal, and is expensive to run.  Challenges The city is a platform where humans meet, interact, collaborate, exchange their views, make new relationship, work and compete with each other. City forms a shell in which all lives survive and develop. It moulds their lives. It is a web where different kind of people varies in religion, ethnicity and race lives together. It interlocks them and makes a mass of variety of living and nonliving objects. All cities are fast growing. People are moving in and out of the cities. Each day somebody is transferred to some other place. Families are breaking up either of transfers of job or splitting of parents. New constructions are planning. Whether the new construction is required or not people are building it up without giving a thought how it will be beneficial to the environment. Because of all these impacts of improper planning, land value in the city is hiking up and eventually people are left with no option but to move outskirts of the city. New tracts of land are occupying. Green places are disappearing. The challenge has to do with conservation. The fast growing encroachment towards the countryside of the city is destroying valuable green fields. They are affecting the farm lands which are essential for human life in order to get food for unstoppable population. There is a need of getting control over the growth of the city. There should be more functional and organized planning which can curtail sprawl. We have to comprehend the significance of land as it is not infinitive, it is limited. The city should be redesigned or proper measures and consideration are to be made in order to conserve land, water, energy and waste. If irregular spreading of city is not stopped and compact cities are not implemented than we will lose valuable lands and will not be able to acquire benefits of natural environment as it will be destructed. Compactness has to be achieved to build environment to support best quality of life.
Literature survey -- Methodology -- Case studies -- Social implications of compact city -- Compact city guiding principles.
Department of Architecture
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Ritchie, Colin Bradley. "A City Stadium in a Stadium City." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83472.

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This thesis creates an improved fan experience creating the heart of a city through a design that the community can call home throughout the year. It extends the design of sports stadiums to include the fan experiences throughout the interior and the community experiences throughout the exterior to merge. By combining the stadium and city into experiential layering, the architectural decisions to form pedestrian streets and programmatic features can enhance the fan experiences and community experiences to merge through materials, structures, and spaces. The thesis creates an iconic entertainment hub that allows these experiences to expand into the city of Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Master of Architecture
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Books on the topic "City above the city"

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Dorion, Henri. Québec City: A capital seen from above. Montréal: Éditions de l'Homme, 2008.

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Luca, Betti, ed. Above Siena: The shape of the city. Siena: Betti Editrice, 1997.

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Dorion, Henri. Québec City: A capital seen from above. Montréal: Éditions de l'Homme, 2008.

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Calcutta poor: Elegies on a city above pretense. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 1997.

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Herb, Lingl, and Herrera-Lasso M. Luis, eds. Above Mexico City: A new collection of original and historical aerial photographs of Mexico City. San Francisco, Calif: Cameron and Co., 2004.

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Mathews, Bruce. The Kansas City spirit: Stories of service above self. Kansas City, Mo: Kansas City Star Books, 2012.

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1968-, Canham Stefan, and Chui Ernest, eds. Portraits from above: Hong Kong's informal rooftop communities. [Berlin]: Peperoni Books, 2008.

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Shearer, Stephen R. City on a rock: "high above the Wabash", St. Francisville, Illinois. [Princeton, Ind.]: S.R. Shearer, 2000.

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One above & one below: New poems. Port Townsend, Wash: Copper Canyon Press, 2000.

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Elizabeth, Humstone, and MacLean Alex S, eds. Above and beyond: Visualizing change in small towns and rural areas. Chicago, Ill: Planners Press, American Planning Association, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "City above the city"

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Barnett, Tatiana V. "Rome Above Rome: Nikolai Gogol’s Romantic Vision of the Eternal City." In Romanticism and the City, 157–78. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230118454_10.

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Vidler, Anthony. "Photourbanism: Planning the City from above and from below." In The New Blackwell Companion to the City, 656–66. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444395105.ch57.

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Doucet, Isabelle. "Planning in Search of Ground: Committed Muddling Through or a Critical View from Above? 1." In The Territorial Future of the City, 47–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77514-0_3.

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Caquard, Sébastien, Laurene Vaughan, and William Cartwright. "Mapping from Above/Mapping from the Ground: Mapping Environmental Issues in the City." In Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 1–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22441-6_1.

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Romby, Giuseppina Carla, and Claudio Saragosa. "Rappresentazioni transcalari, misure e rilievo dello spazio urbano in Leonardo." In Lo sguardo territorialista di Leonardo, 199–208. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-514-1.23.

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Compositional and functional elements of the innovative architectures by Brunelleschi, Alberti, Michelozzo, Sangallo, seen during its Florentine stay, became for Leonardo a field of experimentation for the development of architectural prototypes, interactions between buildings and urban surroundings, new parameters of functionality and hygiene which define the ‘city of Leonardo’. A city made not only of spatial configurations but, above all, of flows of matter and energy those configurations must support, in a game of water and people movements where each design operation recognizes the vital breath of territorial ecosystems.
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Weißbeck, Joschua, and Lutz Gaspers. "Behavioural Development of University Graduates in the Area of Work-Related Mobility: A Study Conducted for the University of Applied Sciences, Stuttgart." In iCity. Transformative Research for the Livable, Intelligent, and Sustainable City, 65–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92096-8_6.

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AbstractWork-related mobility currently makes up the biggest share of the total transport volume in passenger transport and is dominated by private motorized vehicles. The paper is based on research about environmentally friendly modes of transportation performed by students on their way to the University of Applied Sciences, Stuttgart, and whether it has an influence on the mobility behaviour of graduates in work and business traffic or not. Another goal was to find out whether or not one’s sustainable mobility behaviour would be maintained throughout the rest of one’s professional life. For this, an online survey was conducted with graduates of the University of Applied Sciences, Stuttgart. The results of the survey confirm a very high sustainability in the field of work-related mobility. Previous studies have only looked at education- and work-related mobility behaviour separately and did not research how or if the former has effects on the latter. The comparison of results from those studies with the information provided by the graduates on their behaviour in occupational mobility also confirms an above-average sustainability.
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Frodella, William, Daniele Spizzichino, Giacomo Lazzeri, Claudio Margottini, Veronica Tofani, and Nicola Casagli. "Assessing Landslide Hazard in the High City of Antananarivo, Madagascar (UNESCO Tentative Site)." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, 361–71. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44296-4_21.

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AbstractBuilt on the hilltop of a granite ridge rising above the Ikopa River valley (the Analamanga Hill), the High City of Antananarivo (Madagascar) is renowned for its baroque-style palaces the Rova royal complex and gothic cathedrals dating back to the nineteenth Century, and therefore is part of the UNESCO Tentative List. Due to the frequent cyclonic heavy cyclonic rain, geological and geomorphological conditions, and a general lack of urban planning the study area is particularly prone to landslides (as shown by events of the winter of 2015, 2018 and 2019). As a first step towards understanding quantitative landslide risk, the geological, geomorphological, geotechnical features, as well as landslide phenomena were defined in an integrated landslide hazard assessment. Results show that the main factors affecting landslides are slope, lithology, creek-gully erosion and anthropogenic activities, while most of the landslide events are clearly triggered by heavy rainfall events. Thematic maps produced by this study are fundamental land-use management tools to be applied as a first step towards a geo-hydrological risk reduction strategy by the institutions and actors involved in the protection and conservation of the High City.
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Kristianssen, Ann-Catrin. "Establishing Vision Zero in New York City: The Story of a Pioneer." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 571–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_20.

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AbstractVision Zero was established in 2014 as the foundation of the New York City road safety policy. The purpose of this chapter is to understand why and how Vision Zero was introduced as well as by whom and with what tools. The chapter focuses on understanding this policy change in New York City and is based on a document study and 18 semi-structured interview with 19 respondents city administration staff, researchers, media, and NGOs. The analysis is made by looking closer at the state of four aspects by the time of the establishment of Vision Zero – problem framing, policy formulation, political actors, and proposed solutions. This theoretical framework is mainly based on the work of John Kingdon (Agenda, Alternatives, and Public Policies. Little, Brown, Boston, 1984) and Michael Howlett (Public Policy Adm 34(4):405–430, 2019). The chapter states that there were several factors leading to the adoption of Vision Zero. First, the road safety problems were not as serious as in many other regions of the USA, but compared to other major cities in the western world, the fatalities and serious injuries in New York City were deemed unacceptable by politicians, NGOs, and the public. The imminent problem on the ground was further emphasized by several high-profile cases of child fatalities in traffic crashes. Second, the Vision Zero policy or philosophy was a coherent and above all a successfully tested policy based on a scientific foundation. The credit for introducing Vision Zero in the New York City context is given to non-governmental organizations such as Transportation Alternatives and Families for Safe Streets and specific public administrators in key positions. These actors were all searching for new solutions, and as the politicians placed road safety high on the agenda, a window of opportunity was opened to Vision Zero. In addition, politicians, with the support and pressure from NGOs, established a policy program based on Vision Zero, and this program further established a belief in Vision Zero as a credible way forward. There was and is criticism directed towards the policy based on equity and that Vision Zero risks strengthening discriminatory structures. The basic idea of adapting the physical infrastructure to accommodate human mistakes is challenging in many American contexts, but in a diverse city such as New York, this approach may be able to address equity, according to several respondents, if based on solid crash data. The Vision Zero in New York City differs from the original Swedish version in mainly two ways: the focus in New York on law enforcement and on the behavior of the individual road user.
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Kristianssen, Ann-Catrin. "Establishing Vision Zero in New York City – The Story of a Pioneer." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_20-1.

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AbstractVision Zero was established in 2014 as the foundation of the New York City road safety policy. The purpose of this chapter is to understand why and how Vision Zero was introduced as well as by whom and with what tools. The chapter focuses on understanding this policy change in New York City and is based on a document study and 18 semi-structured interview with 19 respondents city administration staff, researchers, media, and NGOs. The analysis is made by looking closer at the state of four aspects by the time of the establishment of Vision Zero – problem framing, policy formulation, political actors, and proposed solutions. This theoretical framework is mainly based on the work of John Kingdon (Agenda, Alternatives, and Public Policies. Little, Brown, Boston, 1984) and Michael Howlett (Public Policy Adm 34(4):405–430, 2019). The chapter states that there were several factors leading to the adoption of Vision Zero. First, the road safety problems were not as serious as in many other regions of the USA, but compared to other major cities in the western world, the fatalities and serious injuries in New York City were deemed unacceptable by politicians, NGOs, and the public. The imminent problem on the ground was further emphasized by several high-profile cases of child fatalities in traffic crashes. Second, the Vision Zero policy or philosophy was a coherent and above all a successfully tested policy based on a scientific foundation. The credit for introducing Vision Zero in the New York City context is given to non-governmental organizations such as Transportation Alternatives and Families for Safe Streets and specific public administrators in key positions. These actors were all searching for new solutions, and as the politicians placed road safety high on the agenda, a window of opportunity was opened to Vision Zero. In addition, politicians, with the support and pressure from NGOs, established a policy program based on Vision Zero, and this program further established a belief in Vision Zero as a credible way forward. There was and is criticism directed towards the policy based on equity and that Vision Zero risks strengthening discriminatory structures. The basic idea of adapting the physical infrastructure to accommodate human mistakes is challenging in many American contexts, but in a diverse city such as New York, this approach may be able to address equity, according to several respondents, if based on solid crash data. The Vision Zero in New York City differs from the original Swedish version in mainly two ways: the focus in New York on law enforcement and on the behavior of the individual road user.
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Heidemann, Lucas, Jochen Scheck, and Berndt Zeitler. "Impact Sound Insulation of Thermally Insulated Balconies." In iCity. Transformative Research for the Livable, Intelligent, and Sustainable City, 359–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92096-8_23.

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AbstractWith the increasing urban densification, balconies are gaining in popularity as they improve the living quality in homes. From a technical point of view, the thermal insulation between balconies and the building’s façade is state of the art. In Germany, the most popular balcony construction is a reinforced concrete balcony, separated from the building by a thermal insulation element (TIE), which is meant to reduce the thermal energy loss and thus ensure the sustainability of intelligent buildings. The impact sound transmission from balconies, however, is a problem that has not been addressed enough to date. The paper is based on a project of the same name within the iCity research with the main goal of providing acoustic quantities, e.g. an impact sound pressure level difference, for a TIE that can be used to compare the acoustical quality of products and used to predict the impact sound pressure levels within the building using the standard EN ISO 12354-2. Experimental and numerical studies have been carried out on various ceiling-balcony mock-ups without and with TIEs, e.g. by means of experimental modal analysis and validated finite element models, respectively. These studies showed that even doubling the width of the ceiling-balcony mock-up does not change the results significantly, suggesting that the proposed test set-up is suitable for standard testing. The analysis method and results presented here are for only one test set-up with and without a TIE that underwent constructive modifications during the tests. The selected TIE shows an effective sound insulation above 400 Hz and achieves a single-number rated impact sound level difference of $$ \Delta {L}_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ast}\approx 10\ \mathrm{dB} $$ Δ L w ∗ ≈ 10 dB .
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Conference papers on the topic "City above the city"

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Starchenko, Alexander V., Elena Shelmina, Lubov I. Kizhner, and Andrey Bart. "Results of numerical simulation of air quality above city." In 26th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics, edited by Gennadii G. Matvienko and Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2575593.

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Starchenko, Alexander V., Andrey A. Bart, Lubov I. Kizhner, Sergey L. Odintsov, and Evgeniy V. Semyonov. "Numerical simulation of local atmospheric processes above a city." In XXV International Symposium, Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics, edited by Gennadii G. Matvienko and Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2541630.

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Deng, Song, and Dan Turner. "Continuous Commissioning of Salt Lake City Community College South City Campus." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76024.

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The State of Utah’s Department of Natural Resources funded two projects in Salt Lake City to demonstrate the feasibility of the Continuous Commissioning® (CC®) process. The two sites selected were a modern state building, the Matheson Courthouse [1], and a very old building, the South City campus of Salt Lake Community College [2]. This paper describes the measures and latest savings results from the CC® process at the Community College. The energy savings amounted to 15% of the annual utility bill. While most of the savings were attributed to CC, part was attributed to the on-site facility operators who implemented measures over and above those recommended by the CC engineers. It was an exciting team effort and a good example of the savings that can be achieved by CC engineers working closely with a good facility operations staff.
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Mielnik, Anna. "In search of the rational city." In Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8051.

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Lots of studies and projects about the city today are focused mainly on different types of transformations, leading to “new” urban configurations that will ultimately deal with “new” contemporary and future problems. They seem, however, to forget about the human being whose perception and comprehension of the city is mainly based on its past. There are still some attempts made to address the rational balance of old and new, of traditional and modern, of purely formal and purely functional, of beauty and progressive aspects of the city. The article explores the theme of rational attitude in architecture and urban planning. The author searched for traces of such themes in contemporary developments of the IJburg district of Amsterdam and of the Ypenburg Center near The Hague. These examples may help to discuss the role and critical potential of the traditional urban and building typology in the transformation process of cities and territories that lead to new urban configurations. Both the above-mentioned projects use “old” well known, readable, clearly defined and of human scale urban and architectural types (peripheral blocks, towers, main streets, public squares, semi-private courtyards) as design tools that can provide extraordinary creative and instrumental possibilities; types that represent not only an abstraction of urban and building configuration, but act as carriers of cultural meaning and identity. The author looks to address this question and explore possible solutions that will reinstate the rational city in the present day.
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Mełges, Hubert. "Urban expansion and rural spatial chaos in the fringe area." In Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8075.

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Due to the constant increase in human population, man, citizen of the planet Earth, faces many momentous questions and challenges. First of all, they concern problems of accommodation, sustenance, proper health care, education, leisure, transport, development of technical infrastructure, etc. It seems, however, that the pace of progress and the accumulation of new challenges related to the needs of modernising and developing towns significantly exceed the existing capabilities of planning processes and work. Newer and newer investment projects always seem to be one step ahead of these possibilities. It is also noted that despite the great progress of civilization, life in cities does not become easier, but, on the contrary, more and more difficult. Therefore, city dwellers either fully or partially run away from them, seeking an opportunity to live in hitherto rural areas close to nature. Above all a tempting target for city dwellers have become villages surrounding these cities. As a result of this complex process, the nearest villages become the suburbs of cities with detached houses, in a sense blocking the development of these cities. Thus, existing rural areas cease to be such areas, losing the title of host sites. All of this is a kind of a trap as simultaneously these phenomena become unrestrained and generate spatial chaos. The more so that the chaos also affects interpersonal relationships, the quality of which is influenced by cultural differences as well as lifestyle. Nowadays the problem exists in most Polish cities, but observation in this article is limited to Cracow and Lesser Poland only.
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Biere Arenas, Rolando Mauricio, Blanca Arellano Ramos, and Josep Roca Cladera. "City without barriers, ICT tools for the universal accessibility: study cases in Barcelona." In Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8142.

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This paper is the presentation of the results and developed tasks in the framework of the research project titled City without barriers. Tool for the evaluation and visualization of the accessibility into public space, using TLS, GIS and GPS Technologies,1 developed during 2014 and 2015 by the authors and others researchers and technicians in the Centre of Land Policy and Valuations (CPSV) and the Virtual City Modelling Lab (LMVC) of the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) The main goal of the applied research project was the development of a tool to assess the degree of accessibility and calculate optimal routes in public space, and above all their incorporation into an integral system (tool), with accessibility information, services, and support's content. This tool has been developed in two formats, Web platform and App, and the App can be downloaded in situ and remotely via Web. This has been achieved, by steps, and the first one has been the development of a methodology to facilitate universal access to public space, evaluating and obtaining optimal routes for the users. This methodology has been based in the use of ICT, specifically the terrestrial laser scanner (LTS), a tool of high precision that allows obtain information of the space with a high degree of accuracy and high quality and get measurable information directly, combined with Geographical Information Systems and GPS. The starting premises were: 1. Increasing the information about accessibility to urban spaces, based on new demands, demographic changes, legal requirements or elder people and moving/visual disabilities needs. 2. Developing technological and strategic progresses in order to highlight universal accessibility and its associated information, as a need and an added value to the city.
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Hanzl, Malgorzata Bronislawa, and Lia Maria Bezerra. "Healthy City versus Resilient Planning Paradigm. Case Study of New City Centre in Lodz, Poland." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/oftv7299.

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In the current article, we are looking at some of the challenges of planning for healthy and resilient cities with a focus on the features of the physical structure. In order to examine the physical structures, we use qualitative assessment based on the comparative framework and the typomorphological approach. We look for criteria of assessment based on the already existing indexes of health measurement. The above attempt is illustrated by the case study of the city of Lodz, Poland. We are looking at the best solutions which would enable healthy lifestyles and climateresilient development. Our discussion refers to optimal models of mixeduse development and streetscapes of a central part of Lodz, namely focused around so-called New City Centre of Lodz, indicating possible alternative paths of its redevelopment. The methodological approach is supported by background research into the fields of resilience and healthy lifestyles.
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Kurbatskii, A. F., and L. I. Kurbatskaya. "Urban aeromechanics: Turbulent circulation and contaminant dispersion above city in stably stratified environment." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE METHODS OF AEROPHYSICAL RESEARCH (ICMAR 2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5065118.

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Dorsey, J. R. "Tower based measurements of micrometeorological exchange parameters and heat fluxes above a city." In The 15th international conference on nucleation and atmospheric aerosols. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1361950.

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Simeonov, Valentin, Pablo Ristori, Marian Taslakov, Todor Dinoev, Luisa T. Molina, Mario J. Molina, and Hubert van den Bergh. "Ozone and aerosol distribution above Mexico City measured with a DIAL/elastic lidar system during the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) 2003 field campaign." In Remote Sensing, edited by Upendra N. Singh. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.629429.

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Reports on the topic "City above the city"

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Bedoya-Maya, Felipe, Agustina Calatayud, and Vileydy Gonzalez-Mejia. Estimating the effect of urban road congestion on air quality in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004512.

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Road congestion and air pollution are key challenges for quality of life in urban settings. This research leverages highly disaggregated crowdsourced data from Latin America to study the effect of road congestion on levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter in four of the most congested cities in developing countries: Bogota, Buenos Aires, Mexico City, and Santiago. Based on a panel data econometric approach with over 4.4 billion records from Waze and hourly data from 54 air monitoring stations for 2019, our two-stage least square model shows a cumulative increase of 0.6% in response to a 1% of road congestion on the three air pollutants. Moreover, we find a nonlinear relationship between road congestion and air quality and estimate the threshold above which the effect decays. This study provides evidence that supports public policies designed to make urban mobility more sustainable by implementing measures to reduce road congestion in developing contexts.
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Zandiatashbar, Ahoura, Jochen Albrecht, and Hilary Nixon. A Bike System for All in Silicon Valley: Equity Assessment of Bike Infrastructure in San José, CA. Mineta Transportation Institute, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2162.

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Investing in sustainable, multimodal infrastructure is of increasing importance throughout the United States and worldwide. Cities are increasingly making strategic capital investment decisions about bicycle infrastructure—decisions that need planning efforts that accurately assess the equity aspects of developments, achieve equitable distribution of infrastructures, and draw upon accurate assessment methods. Toward these efforts, this project uses a granular bike network dataset with statistical and geospatial analyses to quantify a bike infrastructure availability score (i.e., bike score) that accounts for the safety and comfort differences in bike path classes in San José, California. San José is the 10th largest U.S. city and a growing tech hub with a booming economy, factors that correlate with increased traffic congestion if adequate multimodal and active transportation infrastructure are not in place. Therefore, San José has been keen on becoming “one of the most bike-friendly communities in North America.” The City’s new plan, which builds on its first bike plan adopted in 2009, envisions a 557-mile network of allages-and-abilities bikeways to support a 20% bicycle mode split (i.e., 20% of all trips to be made by bike) by 2050. Hence, San José makes a perfect study area for piloting this project’s methodology for accurately assessing the equity of urban bike plans and infrastructures. The project uses the above-mentioned bike score (representing the bike infrastructure supply status) and San José residents’ bike travel patterns (to show bike trip demand status) utilizing StreetLight data to answer the following questions: (1) Where are San José's best (bike paradise) and worst (bike desert) regions for cycling? (2) How different are the socioeconomic attributes of San José’s bike desert and paradise residents? (3) Has San José succeeded in achieving an equitable infrastructure distribution and, if so, to what extent? And, (4) has the availability of infrastructure attracted riders from underserved communities and, if so, to what extent? Using the bike infrastructure availability score, this research measures and maps the City of San José's best and worst regions for cycling through geospatial analyses to answer Question 1 above. Further spatial and statistical analyses including t-tests, Pairwise Pearson correlation analysis, descriptive analysis, spatial visualization, principal component analysis (PCA), and multiple regression models to answer Questions 2, 3, and 4. In addition to this report, the findings are used to develop an open access web-tool, the San José Bike Equity Web Map (SJ-BE iMap). This research contributes to the critical assessment and planning efforts of sustainable, multimodal infrastructure in California and beyond.
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Madrzykowski, aniel, Craig Weinschenk, and Joseph Willi. Exposing Fire Service Hose in a Flashover Chamber. UL's Fire Safety Research Institute, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/tkog7594.

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At the request of the Fire Department City of New York (FDNY), UL’s Fire Safety Research Institute (FSRI) instrumented and documented a series of 12 thermal exposure hose experiments that were conducted in the burn compartment of an FDNY flashover simulator. The main objective of the experiments was to observe the performance of fire hoses exposed to the heat flux from flaming hot gas layer conditions above the hose. FDNY collected a variety of hose types that represented a cross section of commercially available materials and construction methods. The thermal exposures generated in the burn compartment were measured. The fire experiments were stopped once the hose being examined began to lose water through the wall of the hose. All of the hoses lost water through their wall, although the size of the holes and the amount of water leakage varied. While the burn compartment provided a “fire room environment” and different types of hose failures were demonstrated, the thermal exposure within the compartment was not demonstrated to be repeatable. Therefore it is not possible to develop a comparable rank or rating of the fire resistance of these hoses from this series of experiments.
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Clark, Lee. The city. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.820.

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Glaeser, Ed, Jed Kolko, and Albert Saiz. Consumer City. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7790.

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Delbridge, Victoria. Enhancing the financial position of cities: Evidence from Hargeisa. UNHabitat, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-igc-wp_2022/4.

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The City of Hargeisa, despite being in the very early stages of enhancing its financial position, has achieved significant reform in just a few years since its democratic establishment in 2002. The successes achieved are even more remarkable, considering the fragile context of Somaliland after 30 years of civil war within Somalia, which left widespread destruction and devastation in the city. This is compounded by Somaliland’s lack of recognition as a sovereign state by the international community. The case provides an illustrative example of leveraging urbanisation to raise municipal revenues for public service delivery, and in building local government legitimacy to better deliver to the populace. Given the context, the reforms are those that are easy to implement and effective, including the application of a simple digitised accounting and billing system, and a fit-for-purpose area-based property tax system. Where other cities have struggled to service more people with a stagnant revenue base, Hargeisa’s reforms have meant that population growth has resulted in increased revenues from property taxes and daily vendor collections. At the same time, private contributions of land on the peri-urban fringes offer an opportunity for in-kind land value capture and planned development in the future. Their successes are reinforced by the legitimacy built through participatory governance, which demonstrates what is achievable when communities, local government and the private sector work together. While Hargeisa has made progress on the basics of own-source revenue, much more is yet to be done to finance future development. Local government capital expenditure, for instance, is often far below what is budgeted. This is influenced by public demand for current and visible service delivery over and above less visible long-term investments. Furthermore, due to Somaliland’s internationally unrecognised status as an independent country, Hargeisa received limited development assistance when compared to other cities in similar contexts. However, a small coordinated effort through a coalition of UN agencies has fundamentally shaped some of the city’s reforms. As the country begins to formalise its financial sector, opening up to commercial banking and international investment, development support will be needed to ensure local governments and the private sector are able to capitalise on the opportunities this presents.
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Brown, Joan. Rose City Salon. Portland State University Library, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.253.

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Anthony, Jerry. Analysis of impediments to fair housing choice, City of Iowa City. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Public Policy Center, February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/hd11-a54g.

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Owyang, Michael T., Jeremy M. Piger, and Howard J. Wall. Discordant City Employment Cycles. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2010.019.

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Kukushkina, Nataliya. Map of city Melilla. Edited by Nikolay Komedchikov, Aleksandr Khropov, and Larisa Loginova. Entsiklopediya, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/dm2015-12-13-2.

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