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Journal articles on the topic 'Citrus nobilis Loureiro × Citrus deliciosa Tenora'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 September 2023

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1

Kumar, Sunil, OP Awasthi, and Suchitra Pushkar. "Hormonal changes in gamma irradiated and EMS induced mutants of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Loureiro × Citrus deliciosa Tenora)." International Journal of Chemical Studies 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2021.v9.i1p.11377.

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THAKRE, MADHUBALA, M. K. VERMA, KANHAIYA SINGH, O. P. AWASTHI, R. R. SHARMA, and MRINMOY RAY. "Proposal and validation of colour index for Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis × Citrus deliciosa)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 8 (August 21, 2018): 1179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i8.82521.

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Kinnow (Citrus nobilis Lour × Citrus deliciosa Tenora) acceptability by consumer and processors depends on their bright orange colour, size and other quality traits like TSS and acidity. More bright orange coloured Kinnow fruits are preferred. The objective of this study is to propose an index for growers and researchers to know the harvesting date and better quality of fruits respectively. Kinnow fruits of varying colour gradient were harvested from ten treatments. These ten treatments were different doses of N: P: K. They acted as a source to produce variability in Kinnow peel colour, which was utilized for index formulation and validation. They were compared with a standard. Standard comprised of most uniform bright orange coloured fruits of Kinnow orange. The observations for L, a and b were recorded by Hunterlab. There were total eleven colour indexes studied. Out of eleven indexes, seven were previously validated by other workers for different fruit crops. Four indexes were formulated in this study to validate them for Kinnow along with remaining seven indexes. Index a/b showed highest positive correlation with total carotenoid content of peel (0.548 and 0.519 respectively). It recorded minimum value for standard (0.52±0.02) indicates that lower values for these indices will represent brighter colour of kinnow.

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3

Sharma, Sanjeev, Balwinder Singh, Avinash Nagpal, G. S. Virk, and A. A. Zaidi. "Indexing Tools for Indian Citrus Ringspot Virus (ICRSV)." Open Biology Journal 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2009): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874196700902010027.

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Indian citrus ringspot virus (ICRSV) is known to cause serious disease problem in Kinnow (Citrus nobilis Lour 􀀁 C. deliciosa Tenora). This paper reports the various methods viz. Bioassay, ELISA and RT-PCR for indexing of ICRSV. Bioassay was performed on Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucumis sativus, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. tabacum, Petunia hybrida and Phaseolus vulgaris. However necrotic local lesions were observed only in case of Chenopodium amaranticolor and Phaseolus vulgaris. Infected trees were also found positive by indirect ELISA. RT-PCR of the infected plants showed an amplification of 539 bp fragment corresponding to coat protein gene and gene for nucleic acid binding protein.

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Malla, B. A., A. Rastogi, R. K. Sharma, A. Ishfaq, and J. Farooq. "Kinnow madarin (Citrus nobilis lour × Citrus deliciosa tenora) fruit waste silage as potential feed for small ruminants." Veterinary World 8, no. 1 (January 2015): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2015.19-23.

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5

PANDEY, K., H. S. RATTANPAL, G. S. SIDHU, and J. SINGH. "TREE MORPHOLOGY, YIELD EFFICIENCY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF KINNOW MANDARIN (CITRUS NOBILIS LOUREIRO × CITRUS DELICIOSA TENORA) BUDDED ON DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS IN THE NORTH-WESTERN REGION OF INDIA." Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 20, no. 3 (2022): 2077–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2003_20772093.

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PANDEY, K., H. S. RATTANPAL, G. S. SIDHU, and J. SINGH. "TREE MORPHOLOGY, YIELD EFFICIENCY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF KINNOW MANDARIN (CITRUS NOBILIS LOUREIRO × CITRUS DELICIOSA TENORA) BUDDED ON DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS IN THE NORTH-WESTERN REGION OF INDIA." Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 20, no. 3 (2022): 2077–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2003_20772093.

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7

Bastianel, Marinês, Sérgio F. Schwarz, Helvécio Della Coleta Filho, Linda Lee Lin, Marcos Machado, and Otto C. Koller. "Identification of zygotic and nucellar tangerine seedlings (Citrus spp.) using RAPD." Genetics and Molecular Biology 21, no. 1 (March 1998): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47571998000100020.

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The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to distinguish nucellar and zygotic seedlings resulting from crosses between the ‘Montenegrina’ (Citrus deliciosa Tenore) and‘ King’ (C. nobilis Loureiro) tangerines. The aim of the present study was to develop tangerine varieties with a reduced number of seeds and organoleptic characteristics similar to the ‘Montenegrina’ tangerine. Embryos were isolated from seeds, cultivated in vitro, and acclimated in a greenhouse. Four random primers were used to identify 54 plants of sexual origin from a total of 202 individuals. The degree of polymorphism of each primer was reflected in the number of zygotic plants obtained per primer. Cluster analysis of parents and progeny separated the individuals into distinct groups with a maximum genetic dissimilarity of 20%.

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Bastianel, Marinês, Ana Lúcia Cunha Dornelles, Marcos Antonio Machado, Ester Wickert, Simone de Farias Maraschin, Helvécio Della Coletta Filho, and Gilmar Schäfer. "Caracterização de genótipos de Citrus spp. através de marcadores RAPD." Ciência Rural 31, no. 5 (October 2001): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782001000500004.

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Em programas de melhoramento de citros, a caracterização adequada dos recursos genéticos disponíveis é de grande importância, principalmente devido às características biológicas da cultura, como a heterozigosidade, a embrionia nucelar e o longo ciclo reprodutivo. A facilidade com que ocorrem hibridações (interespecíficas e intergenéricas) e a embrionia nucelar favoreceram a formação e a preservação de novas combinações, classificadas como espécies. Neste estudo, marcadores RAPDs foram utilizados para analisar 15 acessos de Citrus spp., sendo quatro variedades de laranjeiras doce (C. sinensis Osbeck), quatro tangerineiras (C. reticulata Blanco, C. nobilis Loureiro, C. sunki Loureiro e C. deliciosa Tenore), uma laranjeira azeda (C. aurantium L.), um pomeleiro (C. paradisi Macf.), uma torangeira (C. grandis Osbeck), uma cidreira (C. medica L.), uma limeira ácida (C. latifolia) e dois híbridos (Citrus clementina T. x (C. tangerina T. x C. paradisi Macf.)). Doze sequências iniciadoras aleatórias foram utilizadas para estudar os 15 genótipos, encontrando-se um grau de similaridade mínimio de 0,81 ("Simple Matching") entre as tangerineiras. Os menores graus de similaridade foram encontrados entre as espécies de Citrus menos aparentadas (C. medica, C. grandis e C. latifolia). As quatro cultivares de laranjeiras doces não puderam ser diferenciadas pelos marcadores RAPD utilizados, apresentando similaridade máxima.

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Ricci, Adriana Patrícia, Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho, Beatriz Madalena Januzzi Mendes, and Sonia Maria de Stefano Piedade. "Somatic embryogenesis in Citrus sinensis, C. reticulata AND C. nobilis x C. deliciosa." Scientia Agricola 59, no. 1 (March 2002): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162002000100005.

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Most of the plant regeneration processes in citrus, through tissue culture, involve indirect somatic embryogenesis. The optimization of these processes is important for the development of in vitro plant improvement and micropropagation studies. Studies to evaluate the effect of different carbohydrates in somatic embryogenesis were conducted using calli from 'Ponkan' mandarin (Citrus reticulata, Blanco), 'Cravo' mandarin (C. reticulata), 'Itaboraí' sweet orange (C. sinensis L. Osbeck.), 'Valencia' sweet orange (C. sinensis) and 'Kinnow' mandarin (C. nobilis Loureiro x C. deliciosa Tenore). The culture medium used was MT supplemented with sucrose, galactose, glucose, maltose or lactose with the following concentrations of 18, 37, 75, 110, and 150 mM. The culture medium used for the maturation of somatic embryos had 0, 15, 29, 44, 58 and 73 mM of sucrose, in presence or absence of 0.5 g L<FONT FACE=Symbol>-</FONT>1 of activated charcoal. Seventy-three mM of sucrose with 0.1 mg L<FONT FACE=Symbol>-</FONT>1 of GA3 in the presence or absence 0.5 g L<FONT FACE=Symbol>-</FONT>1 of activated charcoal was also tested. Overall, the carbohydrates galactose or lactose induced a higher number of somatic embryos. Sucrose concentrations of 58 and 73 mM generated a higher number of plantlets from mature embryos of 'Ponkan' mandarin and 'Valencia' sweet orange.

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., B. Singh, S. Sharma ., G. Rani ., A. A. Zaidi ., V. Hallan ., G. S. Virk ., and A. Nagpal . "In vitro Production of Indian citrus ringspot virus-free Plants of Kinnow Mandarin (Citrus nobilis LourxC. deliciosa Tenora) by Nucellar Embryo Culture." Plant Pathology Journal 5, no. 3 (March 1, 2006): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ppj.2006.274.282.

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11

Malla, Bilal Ahmad, Ankur Rastogi, Ramesh Kumar Sharma, Ishfaq Ahmad, Hujaz Tariq, and Javid Farooq. "Effect of Kinnow Mandarin (Citrus Nobilis Lour × Citrus Deliciosa Tenora) Fruit Waste Silage on Nutrient Intake, Digestibility and Performance of Goat Bucks." Journal of Animal Research 5, no. 2 (2015): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2277-940x.2015.00052.2.

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12

Singh, B., S. Sharma, G. Rani, V. Hallan, A. A. Zaidi, G. S. Virk, and A. Nagpal. "In vitro micrografting for production of Indian citrus ringspot virus (ICRSV)-free plants of kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora)." Plant Biotechnology Reports 2, no. 2 (May 17, 2008): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11816-008-0055-6.

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13

Attri, Aashu, Madhubala Thakre, Poonam Yadav, M. K. Verma, and Bhupinder Singh. "14C-labeling technique for discerning source–sink carbon flow dynamics in kinnow (Citrus nobilis Lour × Citrus deliciosa Tenora) for better crop management." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 317, no. 3 (July 21, 2018): 1447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-018-6018-7.

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14

Nawaz, Rab, Nadeem Akhtar Abbasi, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz, and Azeem Khalid. "Color-break effect on Kinnow (Citrus nobilis Lour x Citrus deliciosa Tenora) fruit‘s internal quality at early ripening stages under varying environmental conditions." Scientia Horticulturae 256 (October 2019): 108514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.05.041.

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15

Khalid, Samina, Aman Ullah Malik, Basharat Ali Saleem, Ahmad Sattar Khan, Muhammad Shafique Khalid, and Muhammad Amin. "Tree age and canopy position affect rind quality, fruit quality and rind nutrient content of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour×Citrus deliciosa Tenora)." Scientia Horticulturae 135 (February 2012): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.12.010.

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16

Baswal, Arvind Kumar, Harvinder Singh Dhaliwal, Zora Singh, Bal Vipan Chander Mahajan, and Anu Kalia. "Edible coatings maintain the phytochemicals in cold-stored ‘Kinnow’ mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour x C. deliciosa Tenora) fruit." October 2021, no. 15(10):2021 (October 2, 2021): 1332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.21.15.10.p3335.

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Edible coatings usually maintain or improve the scavenger antioxidants and activities of defense-related enzymes consequently preserve the bioactive compounds. The effects of different coating treatments e.g. carboxymethylcellulose (CMC; 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g L-1), chitosan (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g L-1), beeswax (5, 10 and 15 g L-1) and control (uncoated fruit) and cold storage period (5-7 ºC, 90-95 % RH for 75 days) on the levels of total phenols, total antioxidant activity, flavonoids, protein, total free amino acids and sugars (total and reducing sugars) in the juice of cold-stored ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruit were assessed in 2017-18 and 2018-19. The fruit used in the experiment were harvested from the fifteen-year-old healthy trees previously grafted on rough lemon rootstock (Citrus jambhiri L.) and grown in the same block. The fruit coated with different coating treatments were stored at 5-7 ºC and 90-95 % RH for different storage periods (0, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days). The levels of total phenols, flavonoids, total antioxidant activity, total and reducing sugars in the fresh juice of the cold-stored fruit were determined following each cold storage period. Amongst different coating treatments tested, CMC (2.0 g L-1) coating proved to be the best treatment to maintain highest levels of bioactive compounds viz., total phenols, total antioxidant activity, flavonoids and total and reducing sugars as compared to the control during cold storage. In conclusion, coating with CMC (2.0 g L-1) was effective to extend the cold storage life and maintain the highest levels of health-promoting compounds in ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruit without any symptoms of its toxicity to the fruit

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17

Singh, Balwinder, Sanjeev Sharma, G. Rani, G. S. Virk, A. A. Zaidi, and Avinash Nagpal. "In vitro response of encapsulated and non-encapsulated somatic embryos of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora)." Plant Biotechnology Reports 1, no. 2 (March 30, 2007): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11816-007-0015-6.

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18

Nawaz, Rab, Nadeem A. Abbasi, Ishfaq A. Hafiz, and Azeem Khalid. "Impact of varying agrometeorological indices on peel color and composition of Kinnow fruit ( Citrus nobilis Lour x Citrus deliciosa Tenora) grown at different ecological zones." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100, no. 6 (February 21, 2020): 2688–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10300.

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19

Nawaz, Rab, N. A. Abbasi, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz, and Azeem Khalid. "Impact of climate variables on fruit internal quality of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour x Citrus deliciosa Tenora) in ripening phase grown under varying environmental conditions." Scientia Horticulturae 265 (April 2020): 109235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109235.

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20

Nawaz, Rab, Nadeem Akhtar Abbasi, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz, and Azeem Khalid. "Impact of climate variables on growth and development of Kinnow fruit (Citrus nobilis Lour x Citrus deliciosa Tenora) grown at different ecological zones under climate change scenario." Scientia Horticulturae 260 (January 2020): 108868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108868.

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21

Rodrigues, Lia Rosane, Ana Lúcia Cunha Dornelles, and Maria Teresa Schifino Wittmann. "Poliembrionia e número de sementes por fruto de quatro cultivares de tangerineira." Ciência Rural 29, no. 3 (September 1999): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84781999000300015.

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Quatro cultivares de tangerineiras foram caracterizados quanto ao número de sementes por fruto e quanto à poliembrionia, três dos quais são usados como genitores no programa de melhoramento genético do Departamento de Horticultura e Silvicultura da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Coletaram-se frutos de plantas da coleção de citros da Estação Experimental Agronômica, em Eldorado do Sul, RS, cujas sementes foram retiradas e contadas. Em câmara estéril, os embriões foram extraídos das sementes e inoculados em meio de cultivo MT (Murashige & Tucker, 1962), permanecendo por 49 dias a 26±3°C sob fotoperíodo de 16h. As tangerineiras Caí, Montenegrina (Citrus deliciosa Tenore), Poncã (C. reticulata Blanco) e King (C. nobilis Loureiro) produziram, em média, 16, 14, 8 e 24 sementes viáveis por fruto, respectivamente, contendo um número médio de 5,7, 5,7, 7,7, e 3,2 embriões por semente. A produção de sementes monoembriônicas foi baixa, exceto no cultivar King, que apresentou 20,4% das sementes com apenas um embrião. Registrou-se a ocorrência de embriões albinos, que constituíram uma parte ou a totalidade do conteúdo de algumas sementes. De modo geral, as espécies apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto às características estudadas. As similaridades observadas entre os dois cultivares de C. deliciosa reforçam a hipótese de Montenegrina ter se originado de Caí.

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22

Baswal, A. K., H. S. Dhaliwal, Zora Singh, and BVC Mahajan. "Influence of Types of Modified Atmospheric Packaging (MAP) Films on Cold-Storage Life and Fruit Quality of ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour X C. deliciosa Tenora)." International Journal of Fruit Science 20, sup3 (September 14, 2020): S1552—S1569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2020.1818163.

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23

Baswal, A. K., H. S. Dhaliwal, Zora Singh, and BVC Mahajan. "Post-harvest Application of Methyl Jasmonate, 1-Methylcyclopropene and Salicylic Acid Elevates Health-promoting Compounds in Cold-stored ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour x C. deliciosa Tenora) Fruit." International Journal of Fruit Science 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2020.1860865.

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24

Kumar, Sunil, O. P. Awasthi, Renu Pandey, A. K. Dubey, and R. M. Sharma. "Production Performance and Fruit Quality of Gamma-Irradiated Mutants of ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin (Citrus nobilis Loureiro × Citrus deliciosa Tenora)." Erwerbs-Obstbau, February 3, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10341-023-00832-9.

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25

KUMAR, SUNIL, O. P. AWASTHI, R. M. SHARMA, and SATYABRATA PRADHAN. "Physiological and biochemical responses of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis × Citrus deliciosa) to EMS induced mutagenesis." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 91, no. 7 (September 10, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v91i7.115116.

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The present study was carried out to enhance the genetic variability in Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Loureiro Physiological and biochemical responses of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis × Citrus deliciosa) to EMS induced mutagenesis Citrus deliciosa Tenora) using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Plants created with different doses of EMS concentration, viz. 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.5% were examined for the various physiological and biochemical alterations in putative mutants aged six years and compared with the wild type (WT). A dose-dependent decrease in leaf area was recorded in the mutants with increasing doses of EMS concentration and as compared to WT, maximum reduction of 135.52 and 104.92% was witnessed in the mutants E-19 and E-17 developed from 0.5% EMS, whereas the leaves were more succulent in E-16. Chlorophyll a content was higher than chlorophyll b in the mutated population. As compared to WT, maximum decrease in chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll was noticed in the mutants E-19 generated from 0.5% EMS. Contrary to the physiological alterations, the total phenol, proline and total protein content in the mutants were upregulated by nearly two fold in the mutants developed beyond 0.1% EMS. Significant increase was also noticed in the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, POX and GR activity in the mutants E-16 to E-20 induced from 0.5% EMS. The variation in traits of interest observed in the present study such as better leaf succulency and upregulated antioxidant enzyme activity in the mutant E-16 (0.5% EMS) suggests that the developed mutant could be utilised in Kinnow improvement for abiotic stress tolerance.

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26

El-Hawary, Seham S., Marwa Y. Issa, Hanaa S. Ebrahim, Anber F. Mohammed, Alaa M. Hayallah, Essam M. Abd El-Kadder, Ahmed M. Sayed, and Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen. "Potential of (Citrus nobilis Lour × Citrus deliciosa Tenora) metabolites on COVID-19 virus main protease supported by in silico analysis." Natural Product Research, May 5, 2021, 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2021.1917573.

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27

Nawaz, Rab, Nadeem Akhtar Abbasi, Ishfaq Ahmed Hafiz, Zeeshan Khan, Muhammad Riaz Khan, and Azeem Khalid. "IMPACT OF PEEL COLORATION ON INTERNAL QUALITY OF KINNOW MANDARIN (Citrus nobilis Lour x Citrus deliciosa Tenora) AT EARLY RIPENING STAGE." World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 4, no. 1 (April 15, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/wjb.004.01.0186.

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At earlier maturation, Kinnow mandarin color-break fruits were analyzed for internal quality. Ten fruits were harvested from dark green to fully red or yellow colored at field on visual observation and arranged in order of dark green to deep red or yellow through Chroma meter after being numbered as 1 to 10. Triplicated determinations of all samples were analyzed. In red colored fruits juice, a decreasing trend of titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and TDS was found with increasing pattern of sugars, TSS and pH. Similarly in peel, less chlorophyll and more carotenoids were recorded in red colored fruits. Total phenolic contents in juice remained constant with declining trend in peel from green to red colored fruits. In juice both flavonoids and flavonols were constant while in peel flavonols increase was noted in red colored fruits. Total anthocyanins showed an increasing trend in red colored fruit for both, the peel and juice. Antioxidant activity was increased in juice and decreased in peel for red colored fruits. Nutritional values of green color peel fruits are alike those of red colored, but less sugars, reduced sweetness were duly noted regarding their domestic consumers acceptance. Green color fruits have more ascorbic acid, polyphenols and reducing sugars are equally valuable like red colored produce, which is especially good for the purpose of export

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Chaudhary, Sonu, Ankur Rastogi, R. K. Sharma, Pratiksha Raghuwanshi, and Nazam Khan. "Formulation of kinnow mandarin (Citrus Nobilis Lour x Citrus Deliciosa Tenora) waste and paddy straw based complete feed blocks and its utilization by goats." Indian Journal of Animal Research, OF (October 16, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ijar.5669.

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Study was conducted to formulate the paddy straw based complete feed blocks containing kinnow-mandarin waste (KMW) in a manual densification machine and to evaluate its effect on the nutrient intake and digestibility of goats. Block was formulated utilizing paddy straw, KMW, wheat flour, molasses, wheat bran, urea, mineral mixture, common salt and water. Bulk density of prepared blocks was 0.21 g/cm3 whereas durability was 17.36%. An in vivo feeding trial was conducted for 30 days duration along with a digestibility trial during last week of feeding trial. Twelve local adult male goats were randomly allotted as per randomized block design to two equal groups designated Control and Treatment. All the animals were kept on complete feed feeding regimen with either conventional concentrate mixture with paddy straw in 40:60 proportion or KMW-Paddy straw based feed block on ad libitum basis. Feed intake and nutrient digestibility was similar (P>0.05) in experimental animals, irrespective of the dietary treatment. The cost of feed for treatment group was about 12 per cent lower over the cost of conventional complete feed. It may be concluded that KMW may be utilized as a part of paddy straw based complete feed without affecting nutrient intake and digestibility. However, the binding and durability of blocks achieved in the present study was not satisfactory and this formulation therefore is not recommended to be densified in a manual block making machine.

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Hasan, Mahmood Ul, Basharat Ali Saleem, Sajid Aleem Khan, Muhammad Shafique Khalid, Faisal Hayat, and Raza Salik. "Evaluating the response of insecticides and fungicides for rind blemishes management in Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × Citrus deliciosa Tenora) fruits caused by biotic factors." Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology, September 30, 2021, 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46653/jhst2143102.

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Kinnow mandarin being produced in Pakistan faces different quality issues ending up in poor rind quality bearing blemishes on the peel. The main reason behind quality issues is inadequate production management including unoptimized production technology with an inappropriate spray schedule of insecticides and fungicides. Major blemishes found on the surface of fruit are biotic in nature (diseases and insects) and generally appear during the early 8-12 weeks of fruit setting. The objective of this study was to optimize insecticides and fungicides to manage rind blemishes in ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruits caused by biotic factors. The present study was conducted during 2017-2018; there were four kinds of pesticides such as Actara (Thiamethoxam) or Confidor (Imidacloprid) and Nativo (Tebuconazole and Trifloxystrobin) or Topsin M (Thiophanate-methyl) sprayed to the trees at onset of fruit setting. The extent and nature of blemishes related to diseases and insects were significantly reduced after the spray of 0.3 g L-1 Nativo, 1.5 ml L-1 Confidor as compared to the application of Actara (0.24 g L-1 water) and Topsin M (2 g L-1 water), while the higher extent of blemishes was recorded in control block. Surface smoothness and peel colour of fruits showed significant improvement in sprayed trees compared to control. Likewise, preharvest sprays reduced the post-bloom and commercial fruit drop, resulting in a high yield per tree. However, the preharvest sprays showed a non-significant effect on organoleptic quality and biochemical attributes of ‘Kinnow’ fruit. Conclusively, the combination of Confidor (1.5 ml L-1 water) and Nativo (0.3 g L-1 water) sprays at fruit setting stage could be helpful in managing biotic blemishes in ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruits resulted in an increased proportion of A-grade quality fruits in final pack out.

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30

Nawaz, Rab, Muhammad Azam Khan, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz, Muhammad Faisal Khan, and Azeem Khalid. "Climate variables effect on fruiting pattern of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora) grown at different agro-climatic regions." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (September 13, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97653-1.

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AbstractKinnow orchards grown in different agro-ecological regions of Punjab, Pakistan, namely Sargodha, Toba Tek Singh (TTS) and Vehari districts, were selected to assess the effect of climate variables on fruit-bearing patterns. Experiment was laid out in RCBD while selecting identical features Kinnow plants and labeled twigs at analogous canopy positions in all three sites. Temperature was reported higher in TTS and Vehari areas, while relative humidity in Sargodha accounted for different levels of agrometeorological indices by computing more variations in warm districts. Climate variables influenced fruit-bearing habits and vegetative growth trend in all three flushes while recording heavy fruit-bearing plants during on-year and light fruit-bearing in off-year at Vehari. Similarly, three vegetative flushes were recorded unevenly in all three sites due to different fruit-bearing patterns induced by climate variables. Harvesting pattern of orchards began earlier in Sargodha, where maximum orchards were harvested before new flowering to add evenness to fruiting habits during on & off-years. In warm conditions, fruit ripening arrived in the peak of winter and mostly domestic market-driven harvesting resulted in late start of fruit picking with more erratic fruit-bearing habits. Both physiological and pathological fruit drops have been significantly affected by climate variables with a higher degree of physiological drop in warm regions and pathological effects in the humid conditions of Sargodha on heavy fruit-bearing plants. Fruit yield and grading quality were also affected in both seasons by showing more asymmetrical trend in yield and fruit grading in warm areas of TTS and Vehari due to an irregular fruiting pattern compared to Sargodha. From now on, the climate variables of the three sites directly influenced the fruiting patterns, vegetative flushes, fruit drops, yields and grades of Kinnow mandarin.

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Baswal, A. K., H. S. Dhaliwal, K. S. Gill, and Burhan Ozturk. "Impact of Modified Atmospheric Packaging Films on Health-Promoting Compounds in Cold-Stored ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora) Fruit." Erwerbs-Obstbau, December 2, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10341-022-00776-6.

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Dhami, Karan Singh, Ram Asrey, B. R. Vinod, and Nirmal Kumar Meena. "Postharvest Methyl Jasmonate Alleviates Chilling Injury and Maintains Quality of ‘Kinnow’ (Citrus Nobilis Lour x C. deliciosa Tenora) Fruits Under Differential Storage Temperature." Erwerbs-Obstbau, April 18, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10341-023-00880-1.

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Nawaz, Rab, Nadeem Akhtar Abbasi, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz, and Azeem Khalid. "Influence of varying environmental conditions on biennial bearing habit of Kinnow fruit (Citrus nobilis Lour x C. deliciosa Tenora) grown at different clusters in the Punjab province, Pakistan." Citrus Research & Technology 40 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/crt.17019.

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