Academic literature on the topic 'Citizens cluster'
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Journal articles on the topic "Citizens cluster"
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Adan, R., and S. Dickson. "Brainfood cluster." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.170.
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Brainfood cluster The mission of EBRA brainfood is to increase awareness of the importance of research exploring the bidirectional links between brain health and nutrition, including the mediating systems, and to use this knowledge to identify novel nutritional, neuropsychological and neuropharmacological intervention strategies. The BRAINFOOD cluster builds new bridges across research disciplines and strengthens links to relevant stakeholders across Europe, including those involved in health and food policy. It gathers experts on brain health and nutrition that by combining and integrating strengths and complimentary expertise has the volume and capacity to develop novel intervention strategies that improve brain health of European citizens, working together with public health and the food industry. BRAINFOOD is built upon an existing network that includes: 1 Discovery, with expertise in human genetics, metabolomics, nutrition, the microbiome and brain health that utilizes existing data from a variety of population and disease cohorts across the lifespan and aims to propose testable hypotheses; 2 Mechanism, with expertise in animal models, metabolomics, the microbiome and neuroscience that tests hypothesis of how the microbiome and nutrients impact on performance in different behavioral domains; 3 Experimental medicine, with expertise in psychiatry, neurology and nutrition with capacity to run randomized controlled trials; 4 Implementation, with expertise in dissemination and policy making and behavior change, to ensure that EU citizens benefit from novel insights gained in the project.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Slavik, Catherine E., and Niko Yiannakoulias. "Investigating reports of cancer clusters in Canada: a qualitative study of public health communication practices and investigation procedures." Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada 42, no. 11/12 (November 2022): 490–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.42.11/12.04.
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Introduction Public health officials provide an important public service responding to community concerns around cancer and often receive requests to investigate patterns of cancer incidence and communicate findings with citizens. In this study, we identified procedures Canadian public health officials followed when investigating reports of cancer clusters, and explored the challenges officials faced conducting risk communication with communities. Methods Thirteen interviews were administered by telephone with 15 officials across Canadian jurisdictions and analyzed using thematic analysis. A content analysis of procedural documents received from five provinces was also undertaken. Results A third of provinces/territories in this study did not use any consistent guidelines to investigate reports of cancer clusters, a third used their own guidelines and a third used guidelines from other countries. Each Canadian jurisdiction identified a different agency or individual responsible for investigating cluster inquiries. Officials in most interviews considered public education to be the primary objective of risk communication during an investigation. Officials in only 4 of 13 interviews cited an overall positive response from the public after investigating reports of a cancer cluster. Conclusion Differences in practices used to investigate suspected cancer clusters by public health officials were revealed in this work. Establishing pan-Canadian cancer cluster guidelines could improve procedural consistency across jurisdictions and offer enhanced opportunities to compare cluster responses for evaluation. A reporting system to track reported clusters may improve information sharing between federal, provincial/territorial and local investigators. During formal investigations, face-to-face participatory communication approaches should be explored to improve citizen engagement and manage community concerns.
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Iskandarli, Gunay Y. "Applying Clustering and Topic Modeling to Automatic Analysis of Citizens’ Comments in EGovernment." International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 12, no. 6 (December 8, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijitcs.2020.06.01.
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The paper proposes an approach to analyze citizens' comments in e-government using topic modeling and clustering algorithms. The main purpose of the proposed approach is to determine what topics are the citizens' commentaries about written in the e-government environment and to improve the quality of e-services. One of the methods used to determine this is topic modeling methods. In the proposed approach, first citizens' comments are clustered and then the topics are extracted from each cluster. Thus, we can determine which topics are discussed by citizens. However, in the usage of clustering and topic modeling methods appear some problems. These problems include the size of the vectors and the collection of semantically related of documents in different clusters. Considering this, the semantic similarity of words is used in the approach to reduce measure. Therefore, we only save one of the words that are semantically similar to each other and throw the others away. So, the size of the vector is reduced. Then the documents are clustered and topics are extracted from each cluster. The proposed method can significantly reduce the size of a large set of documents, save time spent on the analysis of this data, and improve the quality of clustering and LDA algorithm.
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Kamenidou, Irene (Eirini), Aikaterini Stavrianea, and Christina Liava. "Achieving a Covid-19 Free Country: Citizens Preventive Measures and Communication Pathways." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (June 27, 2020): 4633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134633.
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The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread on a global scale in an extremely short time, causing hundreds of thousands of deaths, and, at the same time, triggering extreme panic. Prevention in medicine is considered the best protection action for individuals in order to avoid infections. This study investigates whether Greek citizens (N = 3359) take the necessary precautions to prevent developing the COVID-19 disease, and it segments them based on homogenous behavior groups. Lastly, it provides communication techniques that should be implemented, targeting each citizen segment for a long-term COVID-19 free country. Data analysis revealed the extent of the applied precaution measures. The ones most applied by citizens were to avoid non-mandatory transportation, contact with individuals with respiratory symptoms, and individuals of high risk for severe illness (vulnerable groups). On the other hand, the least applied measures are daily checks of body temperature, monitoring for fever, cough, or dyspnea, use of a face mask when in public places, or when using public transportation. Additionally, cluster analysis revealed five groups of citizens based on self-reported behavior, namely, the Meticulous Proactive Citizens, the Self-isolated Citizens, the Cautious Citizens, the Occasionally Cautious Citizens, and the Unconcerned Citizens. Communication strategies targeting each segment are also discussed.
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Bruckermann, Till, Hannah Greving, Milena Stillfried, Anke Schumann, Miriam Brandt, and Ute Harms. "I’m fine with collecting data: Engagement profiles differ depending on scientific activities in an online community of a citizen science project." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 10, 2022): e0275785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275785.
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Digital technologies facilitate collaboration between citizens and scientists in citizen science (CS) projects. Besides the facilitation of data transmission and access, digital technologies promote novel formats for education in CS by including citizens in the process of collecting, analyzing, and discussing data. It is usually assumed that citizens profit more from CS the more they participate in the different steps of the scientific process. However, it has so far not been analyzed whether citizens actually engage in these steps. Therefore, we investigated citizens’ actual engagement in different scientific steps online (i.e., data collection and data analysis) in two field studies of a CS project. We then compared them with other CS projects. We analyzed behavioral engagement patterns of N = 273 participants with activity logs and cluster analyses. Opportunities to engage in different steps of the scientific process increased participants’ overall commitment compared to contributory CS projects. Yet, despite their increased commitment, participants’ engagement was only more active for data collection but not for data analysis. We discuss how participants’ perceived role as data collectors influenced their actual engagement in the scientific steps. To conclude, citizens may need support to change their role from data collectors to data inquirers.
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Strebkov, D. "Basic Types and Factors of the Credit Behavior of Russian Citizens." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 2 (February 20, 2004): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2004-2-109-128.
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The paper provides the analysis of citizens' credit behavior issues based on sociological research data collected in autumn 2002 in Russian big regional centers. The method of principal components is used for defining main factors which characterize attitudes to money, savings, debt and credit. The paper examines the influence of gender, age, education and other social and demographic variables on the inclination to borrowing. The hierarchical cluster analysis used helps to define six groups (clusters) of people. Each group has its specific attitude to saving and borrowing. The differences between groups in basic components of the credit behavior (experience of borrowing, selection of a creditor, preferences with regard to the credit amount and time of payment, acceptable interest rate) are considered.
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Bassi, Francesca. "European Consumers’ Attitudes towards the Environment and Sustainable Behavior in the Market." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 15, 2023): 1666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021666.
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The scope of this paper is to analyze European consumers’ attitudes and behavior towards the environment. The paper has the following main objectives: measuring homogeneity and heterogeneity within and between European countries with reference to citizens’ involvement with environmental issues, verifying the relationship between attitude and behavior, and identifying factors that might favor sustainable actions and consumption. The hierarchical nature of the data requires the estimation of multilevel models, specifically multilevel latent class models to cluster citizens and countries and multilevel logistic regression models to correlate green actions with environmental attitudes and sociodemographic characteristics. Six homogeneous groups of citizens with different levels of sensibility towards environmental topics were identified, and four groups of European countries were identified with similar compositions in terms of clusters of citizens. The analyses indicate that there is a direct influence of attitude towards the environment on behavior. Estimation results also show significant effects of consumers’ sociodemographic characteristics.
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Kumarahadi, Yovita Kinanti, Brigitta Melati Kumarahadi, and Kumaratih Sandradewi. "Clustering Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi di Jawa Tengah Menggunakan Metode K-Means." Jurnal Ilmiah SINUS 20, no. 2 (July 19, 2022): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30646/sinus.v20i2.620.
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Vaccines are a form of government responsibility in guaranteeing citizens' rights to health. In its implementation, the government seeks to fulfill the availability of vaccines for at least 208,265,720 residents. This number is the minimum number to be able to achieve herd immunity. To make it easier to show the vaccine achievements of each region, clustering can be done. The K-Means method is a non-hierarchical clustering method that is performed by partitioning data into predefined clusters. The research objects are 35 cities/districts in Central Java. The results of the data processing show that there are 2 optimal clusters, with information that cluster 1 is an area with a high vaccination achievement, while cluster 2 is an area with a low vaccination achievement.
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Amnå, Erik, and Joakim Ekman. "Standby citizens: diverse faces of political passivity." European Political Science Review 6, no. 2 (June 17, 2013): 261–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175577391300009x.
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The current debate on political participation is bound to a discussion about whether citizens are active or passive. This dichotomous notion is nurtured by an extensive normative debate concerning whether passivity is an asset or a threat to democracy; and it is especially manifest in studies of young people's political orientations. Drawing on this discussion, the present study goes beyond the dichotomy by keeping political interest conceptually separate from participation in order to improve our understanding of political passivity. Multivariate cluster analysis of empirical data on Swedish youth suggests that we need to consider three distinctive forms of ‘political passivity’. In the paper we present empirical evidence not only of the existence of a particular ‘standby citizen’, but also of two kinds of genuinely passive young people: unengaged and disillusioned citizens. Alongside active citizens, these people are in distinctly different categories with regard to their political behavior. This entails a new analytical framework that may be used to analyze an empirical phenomenon that has received surprisingly little attention in the literature on political participation and civic engagement.
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Peruško, Zrinjka, and Dina Vozab. "Mediatized participation in European media systems." Central European Journal of Communication 11, no. 2 (November 9, 2018): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1899-5101.11.2(21).3.
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This article explores patterns of mediatized participation of European citizens and the way they differ across different media systems, in a multilevel, cross-national comparative research design. Mediatized participation is operationalized as audience practices on the Internet. The media system is conceptualized through the theoretical model of digital mediascapes, which applied to 22 European Union countries produced three clusters/media systems. The audience data are from representative online surveys in 8 eastern and western European countries N = 9532 collected by the authors and their research partners. Factor and cluster analyses were performed showing types and patterns of mediatized participation. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and ANOVA were performed to relate the individual level variables to the macro-level clusters of digital media systems. The article shows audiences in the more mediatized, Western cluster are more engaged in participatory practices in comparison to audiences in the Eastern/Southern cluster of European countries which show more extensive information consumption practices.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Citizens cluster"
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Barkman, Henric. "Barriärer och broar för hållbar konsumtion : Fyra typer av medborgarkonsumenter och möjligheterna för deras engagemang." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-97862.
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Sustainable consumption is seen as a crucial political issue on the global agenda by politicians, the scientific community, and citizens who are worried about unsustainable consumption. However, several studies have shown that some consumers with "green" values do not consume sustainably – there is often a gap between attitude and behavior. One explanation is that the commitment to sustainable consumption is discouraged by barriers to action. For example, the supply of sustainable goods may be inadequate or the products too expensive. Such goods may be perceived as ineffective in their purpose to promote sustainable development, or perhaps it is believed that there are not enough other people who consume sustainably to make the individual effort worthwhile. However, some studies have indicated that there are also "reverse gaps". That is, there are people who are not particularly motivated to engage in sustainable consumption, but who do so anyway. The study examines why consumers sometimes engage in sustainable consumption (operationalized as a choice of environmental and Fairtrade certified products) but do not at other times. Research questions include which individual prerequisites (motivation and resources) are important for sustainable consumption, how they are distributed among citizens in Sweden, and finally whether perceived opportunities for sustainable consumption can form not only barriers but also "bridges" for engagement and how these are formed. The latter could explain the "reverse gaps" mentioned above. The author builds on the discussion about the challenges that sustainable development poses for the concept of citizenship. Researchers argue that sustainable development requires a transformation of traditional citizenship theory into a "sustainable citizenship". This is not limited by nation-state borders, takes into account past and future generations, and is open to the idea that responsibility-taking can, and sometimes should, be carried out in the private sphere. The dissertation is based on quantitative analysis of a (Swedish) representative survey and shows how consumers can be divided into different clusters based on their individual prerequisites: "Capable Critics", "Capital Weak Critics", "Conditionals" and ”Skeptics". Even if it is only the Capable Critics who have both the high motivation and a high level of resources that theoretically could be assumed to be necessary, there are a significant amount of consumers who choose environmental and Fairtrade labeled goods regularly across all clusters. These types of consumers encounter bridges to action by particularly positive perceived opportunities that make the engagement a little less demanding on individual prerequisites. The bridges are not the same for all clusters though. Their particular approach to sustainable consumption determines which factors are most important.Det hållbara medborgarskapet
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Lin, San-Lang, and 林三郎. "Investigation into city image business cluster and citizen' joinning." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76384933398605932039.
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Lien, Chun-Jie, and 連俊傑. "The Study of Lifestyle Clusters in Urban Senior Citizen Complex in Jhulun Taipei." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qb3a8h.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
建築與都市設計研究所
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According to the statistics from Taiwan Ministry of Interior in 1993, the percentage of senior citizens (the percentage of those over 65s in Taiwan population) is reaching 7%, turning into an aging society. By November 2007, the percentage of senior citizens is up to 10.2%; the population of senior citizens is over 2.33 million. However, Taiwan senior citizen complexes need much more improvements in both living surroundings and facilities. Under the changes of family structure and social environment, senior citizens move into the apartments, but the process of moving in and the changes in life style both affect those seniors psychologically and physically. How to assist the seniors to build a better interpersonal relationship and thus re-construct the sense of home and community through” minimizing the space organization” and “developing diverse space” become an significant issue. Thus, this thesis analyzes the connection between lifestyle clusters and space levels from the aspect of environment behavior. Furthermore, the mutual influence between individual life and social activities in senior citizen apartments is also discussed. Through the thoughts and life experience of the seniors, this paper proposes practical improvements and the layout of life clusters in the apartments. By looking into the seniors’ participation in social activities , the scale of space they use and the average time of staying in apartments, the life styles of the seniors can be categorized into three types: the indoors , the sociable and the outdoors. From the aspect of activities, the outdoors seniors are more diverse than the sociable. The activities of the indoors are dull, compared with the other two types. The group of the sociable has more opportunities to encage in social interactions with others whereas those in the groups of the sociable and the outdoors have less social activities. Based on the current regulations of standard facilities and designs of senior citizen complex, this paper divides the designs for lifestyle clusters in the apartments into 3 layers—inhabitation unit, basic cluster and life cluster. Furthermore, analyzing the seniors’ behaviors from the aspect of space and organization, the lifestyle clusters of the seniors can be divided into four categories—inhabitation unit, small cluster, basic life cluster and life cluster, which are elaborated as below. 1. The main concern in the design of inhabitation units focuses on how to support the seniors to have an independent life through better designs of living space. The designs should consider the diversity of the seniors’ lives, providing ample living space and facilities as well as suitable interior designs for couples. 2. Small clusters are the core combination of inhabitation units, which consist of four to six units. Through sharing living space, each unit gets acquainted with each other and thus builds up neighbor relationships as well as sense of belonging. 3. Basic life clusters refer to the independent living space for the seniors, offering them the space and facilities in daily life, such as public dinning rooms, kitchens, washing machines, living rooms, entertainment rooms and balconies. The clusters are built up by two to three small clusters. 4. Life clusters stand for the social life for the seniors. These groups provide them entertainment and social activities which increase the opportunities of getting to know each other. According to the plan for senior citizen complexes, when three basic life clusters constitute a life cluster, it is necessary to have multi-functional recreation rooms and public space for outdoors activities. Regard to private space, semi-public space and public space, due to the trend of space-minimizing, the quantity of individual inhabitation units should be reduced and enlarge the dimensions of apartments. The total dimensions should be 40% lower than floor dimensions, which increases the space of semi-public and public space. The dimensions of semi-public space should be 20% higher than total floor dimensions. Public space should be adjusted according to the scale of complexes, around 15% of total dimension. Senior citizen complex is one of the housings for the seniors. Urban senior citizen apartments have small scales and communities as well as convenient transportation which help to prolong and re-construct the seniors’ life circles. Along with suitable designs of lifestyle clusters, these plans enable senior citizens to have stable, carefree and safe later years.
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(5930729), Ke Liu. "Pattern Exploration from Citizen Geospatial Data." Thesis, 2019.
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Due to the advances in location-acquisition techniques, citizen geospatial data has emerged with opportunity for research, development, innovation, and business. A variety of research has been developed to study society and citizens through exploring patterns from geospatial data. In this thesis, we investigate patterns of population and human sentiments using GPS trajectory data and geo-tagged tweets. Kernel density estimation and emerging hot spot analysis are first used to demonstrate population distribution across space and time. Then a flow extraction model is proposed based on density difference for human movement detection and visualization. Case studies with volleyball game in West Lafayette and traffics in Puerto Rico verify the effectiveness of this method. Flow maps are capable of tracking clustering behaviors and direction maps drawn upon the orientation of vectors can precisely identify location of events. This thesis also analyzes patterns of human sentiments. Polarity of tweets is represented by a numeric value based on linguistics rules. Sentiments of four US college cities are analyzed according to its distribution on citizen, time, and space. The research result suggests that social media can be used to understand patterns of public sentiment and well-being.
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Louw, Humarita. "Men at the margins : day labourers at informal hiring sites in Tshwane." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3115.
Full textBooks on the topic "Citizens cluster"
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Information society technologies: Systems and services for the citizen : cluster of research projects. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2001.
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Meléndez-Badillo, Jorell A. The Lettered Barriada. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478022091.
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In The Lettered Barriada, Jorell A. Meléndez-Badillo tells the story of how a cluster of self-educated workers burst into Puerto Rico's world of letters and navigated the colonial polity that emerged out of the 1898 US occupation. They did so by asserting themselves as citizens, producers of their own historical narratives, and learned minds. Disregarded by most of Puerto Rico's intellectual elite, these workers engaged in dialogue with international peers and imagined themselves as part of a global community. They also entered the world of politics through the creation of the Socialist Party, which became an electoral force in the first half of the twentieth century. Meléndez-Badillo shows how these workers produced, negotiated, and deployed powerful discourses that eventually shaped Puerto Rico's national mythology. By following these ragtag intellectuals as they became politicians and statesmen, Meléndez-Badillo also demonstrates how they engaged in racial and gender silencing, epistemic violence, and historical erasures in the fringes of society. Ultimately, The Lettered Barriada is about the politics of knowledge production and the tensions between working-class intellectuals and the state. Duke University Press Scholars of Color First Book Award recipient
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Benjamin, Ruha. Recasting Race. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190465285.003.0009.
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This chapter deprovincializes science by examining genomic sovereignty beyond the US context. Genomics research presents different elements of appeal to different groups of people. Future medical benefits as a result of genomics research are anticipated in India as well as Mexico. Both nations are composed of geographically clustered subgroups, and researchers reason that it would be beneficial to analyze each group's genetic makeup for possible differences between them. In bioethnic markets, human bodies are classified into biologically meaningful subgroups rather than as individuals or as a part of the human species as a whole. Some nations, such as Mexico, have chosen to prevent foreign researchers from gaining access to their citizens' genetic material, keeping the knowledge within their borders, while others release the information to other countries, contributing to an international effort to map populations' genetic material around the world.
Book chapters on the topic "Citizens cluster"
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Kley, Florian K., and Holger Lengfeld. "Is There an East–West Divide over European Solidarity? Comparing European Citizens’ Attitudes Towards Cross-Border Solidarity 2016." In Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics, 81–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54674-8_4.
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Abstract The Euro and sovereign debt crises since 2008, as well as the following Great Recession, have challenged the strength of European solidarity between EU citizens and member states. This chapter analyses the strength of European solidarity within East Central Europe and other European countries in two dimensions: citizens’ willingness to support indebted European countries financially (European fiscal solidarity) and their willingness to reduce welfare differences among EU member states (European territorial solidarity). The analyses are based on a comparative survey conducted in 13 European countries in 2016. Results show that citizens displayed a notably high level of European solidarity in both dimensions. While ECE countries showed slightly lower approval rates for European fiscal solidarity, their demand for European territorial solidarity is average. However, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland do not form a unique cluster standing out on these topics, making further policies of European integration possible.
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Moniz, Gonçalo Canto, Ingrid Andersson, Knud Erik Hilding-Hamann, Américo Mateus, and Nathalie Nunes. "Inclusive Urban Regeneration with Citizens and Stakeholders: From Living Labs to the URBiNAT CoP." In Contemporary Urban Design Thinking, 105–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89525-9_5.
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AbstractIn recent decades, many city authorities have been implementing strategies for the development of urban regeneration in their central areas. Most of these processes aim to improve the use of public space, and are often to be found in historic areas and waterfronts. The aim of this text is to put forward an alternative urban regeneration plan which focuses on the peripheral areas of cities, areas which were often built as neighbourhoods of social housing, and which now face environmental challenges as well as social and economic ones. To this end, the URBiNAT H2020 project is promoting inclusive urban regeneration that engages citizens and stakeholders in all the stages of the co-creation process. The overall objective is to implement a cluster of human-centred, nature-based solutions (NBS) in order to create Healthy Corridors that bring together both material and immaterial solutions that will impact the environment and the wellbeing of the community. The activation of Living Labs in the seven URBiNAT cities is building a Community of Practice so that knowledge can be shared with project partners, within the cities themselves, and with the public in the wider world. The intermediate results achieved in the pilot case studies validate the overall methodology and are helping us to identify lessons to be learnt and recommendations for the future.
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Ferrante, Mauro, and Anna Maria Parroco. "Media and fake news: An analysis of citizens’ attitudes toward misinformation in European countries." In Proceedings e report, 185–90. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-461-8.35.
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The rapid changes determined by the rise of Internet and the recent development of social media in daily life have led to profound consequences on the quantity and quality of data made available and on the mechanisms of their dissemination. The rapid spread of on-line disinformation is one of the most discussed topic, and has been identified as one of the top-trends in modern societies by the World Economic Forum, also because of the link between these processes and political communication. Thanks to the availability of micro-data from the Flash Eurobarometer survey on “Fake news and disinformation online”, the present work aims at analyzing the attitude of European citizens toward fake news and disinformation. In a first step, cluster of citizens are identified according to their level of trust in media news, in relation to different types of media. Given the categorical nature of the variables considered, k-mode clustering is implemented. Secondly, the main determinants of news trust levels are analyzed, through regression models for categorical response variables. Preliminary results show that socio-demographic characteristics as well as technological use have an influence on trust in the media, which in turn determines different approaches on the role of institutions in tackling disinformation. The relevance of fake news in contemporary period and its potential consequences on the political side require a reflection on the role of statistical literacy and of official statistical institutes in dealing with disinformation in the post-truth era.
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Engström, Alina, Marte Luesink, and Arjen Boin. "From Creeping to Full-Blown Crisis: Lessons from the Dutch and Swedish Response to Covid-19." In Understanding the Creeping Crisis, 105–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70692-0_7.
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AbstractOn the last day of 2019, China alerted the World Health Organization to a cluster of mysterious pneumonia cases. A new coronavirus (Covid-19) was discovered. Within three months after the alert, Europe had become the epicenter of a global pandemic. Even though the virus spread easily and quickly within communities, it took its time to travel from China to northern Europe. Nevertheless, many governments were slow to respond to the emerging threat. This chapter analyzes the initial phase of the Covid-19 crisis in Sweden and the Netherlands, focusing on the relationship between experts and decision-makers. The chapter discusses four factors that may help explain why the Swedish and Dutch governments were slow in their response. The governments assumed an epidemic like the one in China would not happen in their country, the experts followed international scientific guidelines, citizens were expected to defy limitations on their freedoms, and both experts and decision-makers were confident with regard to the level of preparedness. Lessons are formulated for further analysis and future preparations.
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Gitahi, Joseph, and Michael Hahn. "Evaluation of Crowd-Sourced PM2.5 Measurements from Low-Cost Sensors for Air Quality Mapping in Stuttgart City." In iCity. Transformative Research for the Livable, Intelligent, and Sustainable City, 225–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92096-8_14.
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AbstractExposure to particulate matter (PM) pollution poses a major risk to the environment and human health. Monitoring PM pollution is thus crucial to understand particle distribution and mitigation. There has been rapid development of low-cost PM sensors and advancement in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) that has led to the deployment of the sensors by technology-aware people in cities. In this study, we evaluate the stability and accuracy of PM measurements from low-cost sensors crowd-sourced from a citizen science project in Stuttgart. Long-term measurements from the sensors show a strong correlation with measurements from reference stations with most of the selected sensors achieving Pearson correlation coefficients of r > 0.7. We investigate the stability of the sensors for reproducibility of measurements using five sensors installed at different height levels and horizontal distances. They exhibit minor variations with low correlation of variation (CV) values of between 10 and 14%. A CV of ≤10% is recommended for low-cost sensors. In a dense network, the sensors enable extraction pollution patterns and trends. We analyse PM measurements from 2 years using space-time pattern analysis and generate two clusters of sensors that have similar trends. The clustering shows the relationship between traffic and pollution with most sensors near major roads being in the same cluster.
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Bonnet, Romain, Amerigo Caruso, and Alessandro Saluppo. "The First Revolution of the Twentieth Century: Fears of Socialism and Anti-Labour Mobilisation in Europe After the Russian Revolution of 1905." In Rethinking Revolutions from 1905 to 1934, 195–219. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04465-6_8.
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AbstractIn the late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Europe experienced labour conflicts, unprecedented in their character, intensity and scope. From the waves of strikes and social conflicts of the pre-war era, through the ordeal of the First World War, and the extraordinary violence of the post-1917 upheavals, the revolutionary potential of mass strikes never ceased to torment those who were assigned, or self-appointed, to protect the threatened order. The purpose of this article is to analyse the repertoire of actions and ideas of right-wing civil defence leagues, vigilante organisations, private police and yellow unions which emerged at the end of the century, and most noticeably in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution of 1905. This phenomenon is considered in a comparative and transnational perspective, with a particular focus on the most industrialised societies of pre-war Europe: France, Germany and Great Britain. The article provides a systematisation and assessment of the different forms, types and characteristics of this process of relative privatisation and realignment in security roles, outlying trends and shared clusters of ideological beliefs in violent activity across various industries and national contexts. The article shows how the pre-war experience of vigilantism, anti-socialism and nationalism would represent a key incentive to the development of governmental strikebreaking schemes as well as an important situational antecedent for citizens’ militias and right-wing paramilitary organisations in the aftermath of the Great War.
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Nasır, Süphan, Onur Şahin, and Merve Kır. "Profiling the Citizens Based on Their Offline and Online Political Participation Level." In Advances in Human Services and Public Health, 214–30. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4543-3.ch010.
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Political participation is an important component of democracy. The aim of this study is to reveal the tendency of citizens' offline and online political participation. As a result of factor analysis, active participation, civic participation, and passive participation are determined as the dimensions of offline political participation. Political participation on social media is determined as two dimensions which are slacktivism and following up. Cluster analysis was used to identify political participation typologies based on the dimensions of offline and online political participation. Four clusters were identified, namely politicized citizens, politically mindful citizens, politically concerned followers, and apolitical citizens. Politicized citizens explicitly express their political tendencies without any hesitation. Politically mindful citizens are aware of the manipulative power of social media so that they do not actively participate politics on social media. Politically concerned citizens only follow political issues passively, and finally, apolitical citizens do not have an interest in politics.
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Terán, Luis, Andreas Ladner, Jan Fivaz, and Stefani Gerber. "Using a Fuzzy-Based Cluster Algorithm for Recommending Candidates in E-Elections." In Digital Democracy, 684–705. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1740-7.ch034.
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The use of the Internet now has a specific purpose: to find information. Unfortunately, the amount of data available on the Internet is growing exponentially, creating what can be considered a nearly infinite and ever-evolving network with no discernable structure. This rapid growth has raised the question of how to find the most relevant information. Many different techniques have been introduced to address the information overload, including search engines, Semantic Web, and recommender systems, among others. Recommender systems are computer-based techniques that are used to reduce information overload and recommend products likely to interest a user when given some information about the user’s profile. This technique is mainly used in e-Commerce to suggest items that fit a customer’s purchasing tendencies. The use of recommender systems for e-Government is a research topic that is intended to improve the interaction among public administrations, citizens, and the private sector through reducing information overload on e-Government services. More specifically, e-Democracy aims to increase citizens’ participation in democratic processes through the use of information and communication technologies. In this chapter, an architecture of a recommender system that uses fuzzy clustering methods for e-Elections is introduced. In addition, a comparison with the smartvote system, a Web-based Voting Assistance Application (VAA) used to aid voters in finding the party or candidate that is most in line with their preferences, is presented.
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Terán, Luis, Andreas Ladner, Jan Fivaz, and Stefani Gerber. "Using a Fuzzy-Based Cluster Algorithm for Recommending Candidates in E-Elections." In Fuzzy Methods for Customer Relationship Management and Marketing, 115–38. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0095-9.ch006.
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The use of the Internet now has a specific purpose: to find information. Unfortunately, the amount of data available on the Internet is growing exponentially, creating what can be considered a nearly infinite and ever-evolving network with no discernable structure. This rapid growth has raised the question of how to find the most relevant information. Many different techniques have been introduced to address the information overload, including search engines, Semantic Web, and recommender systems, among others. Recommender systems are computer-based techniques that are used to reduce information overload and recommend products likely to interest a user when given some information about the user’s profile. This technique is mainly used in e-Commerce to suggest items that fit a customer’s purchasing tendencies. The use of recommender systems for e-Government is a research topic that is intended to improve the interaction among public administrations, citizens, and the private sector through reducing information overload on e-Government services. More specifically, e-Democracy aims to increase citizens’ participation in democratic processes through the use of information and communication technologies. In this chapter, an architecture of a recommender system that uses fuzzy clustering methods for e-Elections is introduced. In addition, a comparison with the smartvote system, a Web-based Voting Assistance Application (VAA) used to aid voters in finding the party or candidate that is most in line with their preferences, is presented.
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Michelman, Frank I. "Introduction: An Entanglement of Missions for Constitutional Law." In Constitutional Essentials, 1—C00.N25. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197655832.003.0001.
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Abstract This book enters a longstanding liberal conversation between philosophy and law. On the philosophical side we have John Rawls with his thought of a country’s legal constitution serving as a public platform for the justification, to dissenting free and equal citizens, of the force of democratic law. A study of Rawls’s thinking here can shed light, this book claims, on a cluster of seemingly interminable constitutional lawyers’ debates; but also those seeking the best and truest readings of Rawls can learn from the controversies of the lawyers. As what he names “the liberal principle of legitimacy,” Rawls postulates that exercises of coercive governmental powers may properly be justified to free and equal dissenters as long as taken “in accordance with a constitution the essentials of which all citizens may reasonably be expected to endorse.” Rawls thus speaks into a duality of missions that lawyers in constitutional democracies assign to their countries’ bodies of constitutional law: to constrain oncoming governmental acts and policies by directions previously set, and to supply a basis on which citizens in sharp disagreement over the moral and other merits of laws and policies just now issuing can nevertheless all freely and willingly accept those laws and be disposed normally to abide by them. This introduction shows preliminarily how those two assignments to constitutional law—“regulatory” and “justificatory”—can sometimes point in conflicting directions for constitutional-democratic practice, and lays out a plan for the rest of the book.
Conference papers on the topic "Citizens cluster"
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Tóth, Veronika, and Miriam Šebová. "Climate change awareness and climate-friendly activities: Identifying resident typologies in Košice, Slovakia." In XXIV. mezinárodního kolokvia o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9896-2021-68.
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The research focuses on studying climate change awareness and climate-friendly activities among different socioeconomic groups in the city of Košice, Slovakia. Public awareness is a key element when tackling complex issues demanding wide-ranging compliance across sectors and individuals. In order to assess the perceptions and activities related to the climate change, we analyze the data stemming from survey conducted during the last quarter of 2019. Applying latent class cluster analysis to the sample of 368 observations, we were able to identify four types of respondents. These groups differ in the degree of vulnerability to adverse conditions due to climate change. This study sheds light on how different groups of citizens perceive the threat of climate change impacts in their everyday lives and how they act in order to adapt. Such findings can be applied by policymakers at both national and local level when designing and communicating socially just measures reflecting the needs of all major types of citizens. The paper identifies four different groups of residents based on their perceptions of climate change and their activities to adapt. Each group needs to be considered separately when designing adaptation strategy in order not to exacerbate existing socioeconomic inequalities. The findings also point to the need to strengthen municipality's activities in the area of climate change education.
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Wang, Shu-Yan, and Shyh-Huei Hwang. "A Study on the Activities and Strategies of Citizen Participation during the Creation Process of the Hua-Zhai Cultural Cluster in Wangan Township." In 3rd IEEE International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention 2020 (IEEE ICKII 2020). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811238727_0009.
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Dhamo, Sotir, Valerio Perna, and Ledian Bregasi. "Non-Cooperative and Repetitive Games for Urban Conflicts in Tirana: A Playful Collaborative System to Lower Social Tension." In International Conference on the 4th Game Set and Match (GSM4Q-2019). Qatar University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/gsm4q.2019.0039.
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Game Theory (GT) offers a critical lens to understand and analyze the capacity of different actors to make rational decisions linked to complex and emergent situations. Even though developed as a theory to tackle economic issues, GT has found a wider range of applications in heterogeneous fields such as architecture, where this new transdisciplinary tool can be used to address topics such as urban planning and public participation. The objectives of these researches aim for avoiding ghettoization, lowering social tension, and conflicts, and for proposing long-term solutions in a reality where the lack of authority has led to the development of closed informal clusters at the outskirts of the city. In this paper, we present the city of Tirana as a case study to develop our speculative research in an operative field that blends GT, computational design, and morphological/behavioral patterns. Non-cooperative and repetitive games are useful tools to identify generative patterns in the Albanian informal settlements, with the certainty that even the most spontaneous ones carry within them positive enzymes that can be taken into account to re-organize the informal settlements either spatially, socially, and economically (Dhamo, 2017, 2021). We propose a set of operative categories, filtered through the lens of GT and playful dynamics and mechanics, to set the debate for a deeper understanding of the reality of informal areas and foster co-design processes, from the perspective that collective interest is a key to let professionals, institutions and citizens work together in a more informed process of city-making.
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Esan, Oluwasegun. "Cultural heritage: an urban memoir towards Idanre city prosperity." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/gnbv3886.
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The present tasks facing most of the cities in Nigeria is over reliance on crude oil. The task ahead is to ensure cities function properly and cater for its inhabitants adequately. Several efforts to diversify and develop other sectors of the economy over the last two decades yielded little result. The crash in global crude oil economy is compelling Nigerian cities to explore alternative source of income. At this crucial time, a closer look at creative industry to leverage on heritage resources is being explored. The paper examines precious Idanre heritage as a developmental tool towards urban prosperity. Idanre is a relatively small and historic town in Ondo State situated at the foot of scenic Idanre hills with unique cultural heritage and propensity to attract diverse tourist locally and internationally. The study adopts qualitative research approach through purposive interview and focus group discussion. Community participation will permit inclusive planning for the city. This research findings include 1350AD ancient palace on the hill: unique Orogho, Usalu and Udale quarters; Orosun Sacred Groove and Festival; Agaga Hills; Idanre Forest Reserve; and small-scale Cocoa Agricultural Estates. Community consensus identified heritage memorabilia, cottage industry, small scale local chocolate industry, community sacred forest tour guides and Orosun festival as to enhance the prosperity of the town. Conclusively, community opinion, cultural custodians, traditional rulers, heritage tourists were various elements of Idanre city system as Idanre city is tied to its heritage resources. The legibility of Idanre city is influenced by heritage resources as the collective memory that can be translated into urban prosperity. This paper recommends that innovation capacity and citizenry interaction are fundamental for desired Idanre prosperity through a robust heritage resource deeply rooted in creative industry rooted in heritage resources. Government need to promote the development of cultural heritage and creative industries. Furthermore, urban planning policies should be in favour of mixed-use, well defined and connected spatial clusters within the urban network. An integrated and comprehensive strategy is also needed for the development of creative industries.
Reports on the topic "Citizens cluster"
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Rutherford, J., and J. F. Cassidy. Comparing felt intensity patterns for crustal earthquakes in the Cascadia and Chilean subduction zones, offshore British Columbia, United States, and Chile. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330475.
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In this study, we utilize US Geological Survey citizen science earthquake felt intensity data to investigate whether , crustal earthquakes in the Chilean Subduction Zone show similar, "felt intensity" distributions to events of the same magnitude and depths within the Cascadia Subduction Zone (Quitoriano & Wald, 2020; USGS Earthquake Hazards Program, 2020). In a companion article (Rutherford & Cassidy, 2022) we examine intraslab deep earthquake intensity patterns for the Chile and Cascadia subduction zones. Building on from the intraslab companion article, the goal of this comparison is to determine whether felt intensity information from several recent large (M8-8.8) subduction earthquakes in Chile can be applied to Cascadia (where no subduction earthquakes have been felt since 1700). This would provide a better understanding of shaking intensity patterns for future subduction earthquakes in Cascadia - critical information for scientists, engineers, and emergency management organizations. For this research, we utilized 20 years of cataloged Did-You-Feel-It (DYFI) citizen science data from the US Geological Survey's (USGS) earthquake online catalog, the ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat) Documentation (USGS Earthquake Hazards Program, 2021). In total, we considered and compared intensity patterns for fourteen magnitudes from 30 earthquakes in Cascadia (ranging from magnitudes 4.5 to 7.2, the highest magnitude event in Cascadia zone) to the intensity patterns from 114 earthquakes in Chile, with the same magnitudes as the Cascadia events (M4.5-M7.2). Our analysis involved plotting and fitting the Chile and Cascadia earthquake DYFI responses to compare the intensity patterns for the two subduction zones. Overall, we find good agreement between felt patterns in Chile and Cascadia. For example, all plots show the expected downward trend for intensity with distance. Even distribution with limited clustering is seen in all fourteen magnitudes, with slight intensity clustering of responses around the 30 to 600 km. This is slightly different from the intraslab pattern which demonstrated a distinct cluster at further distance from the hypocenter, e.g., cluster at 50 to 300 km. These results provide confidence that we can use Chilean intensity data for megathrust earthquakes in Cascadia.