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Bangwanubusa, Theogene. "Participation of rural communities in development policy and practice : the South African experience and its relevance for Rwanda." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52986.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLIAH ABSTRACT: Several indispensable variables for effective community development include, among others: development skills, networking and partnership, and community participation in the development project life cycle. The study aimed to derive relevant lessons about these factors for Rwanda from the South African community development experience. A literature study was first undertaken on key concepts such as participation, rural community, development, and policy and practice. Literature on principles and policies guidelines for community development in both the South African and Rwandan contexts was also reviewed. Within the perspective of comparative analysis, the socio-political and historical backgrounds of both countries served as the basis of criteria for selecting four case studies. From South Africa, three case studies were selected from both the apartheid and post-apartheid periods. One postapartheid study was regarded as unsuccessful and one was successful. The third is a successful ongoing case that straddles the apartheid and post-apartheid periods. From Rwanda, a postgenocide ongoing case was selected on the grounds of its perceived success. A comparative analysis was undertaken of practical results and the South African experience provided actual relevance for Rwanda in specific ways. In complete contrast to the current view that community driven development depends on the political context, the study shows that it depends rather on a number of objective principles for active community participation. What is demonstrated is that community driven development cannot be adequately supported by the developer-centred, consultation, and blueprint approaches because they fail to inspire active community participation. Nor can community participation be seen merely as cheap labour or superficial involvement. Instead, it implies empowering the community with development skills that enable people to acquire more choices and gain control of their community life. To achieve such empowerment, the study stresses the need for a shift toward the bottom-up approach to the planning and implementing of rural-based development projects.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verskeie onmisbare veranderlikes vir doeltreffende gemeenskapsontwikkeling sluit, onder andere, die volgende m: ontwikkelingsvaardighede, netwerk en vennootskap, en gemeenskapsdeelname aan die lewensiklus van die ontwikkelingsprojek. Die studie het gepoog om relevante lesse omtrent hierdie faktore vir Rwanda af te lei uit Suid-Afrika se ondervinding ten opsigte van gemeenskapsontwikkeling. 'n Literatuurstudie oor sleutelbegrippe soos deelname, landelike gemeenskap, ontwikkeling en beleid en praktyk, is eers onderneem. Literatuur oor beginsels en beleidsriglyne vir gemeenskapsontwikkeling in sowel die Suid- Afrikaanse as Rwandese omgewings is ook bestudeer. Binne die perspektief van vergelykende analise, het die sosio-politiese en historiese agtergrond van albei lande gedien as die basis van die kriteria waarvolgens vier gevallestudies gekies is. Drie Suid-Afrikaanse gevallestudies is uit die apartheids- en die post-apartheidsera gekies. Een post-apartheidstudie is as onsuksesvol beskou en een as suksesvol. Die derde geval is 'n suksesvolle, voortgaande een uit die apartheidsera en daarna. Uit Rwanda is 'n voortgaande geval uit die era na die volksmoord op grond van sy sigbare sukses gekies. 'n Vergelykende analise van die praktiese resultate is onderneem, en die Suid-Afrikaanse ondervinding het op spesifieke maniere wesenlike toepassings vir Rwanda verskaf. In algehele teenstelling met die huidige opvatting dat gemeenskapsgedrewe ontwikkeling afhang van die politieke omgewing, wys hierdie studie dat dit eerder van 'n aantalobjektiewe beginsels vir aktiewe gemeenskapsdeelname afhang. Wat gedemonstreer word, is dat gemeenskapsgedrewe ontwikkeling nie voldoende deur ontwikkelaargesentreerde, konsultasie- en bloudrukbenaderings ondersteun kan word nie, aangesien hulle nie daarin slaag om aktiewe gemeenskapsdeelname te inspireer nie. Net so kan gemeenskapsdeelname nie bloot gesien word as goedkoop arbeid of oppervlakkige betrokkenheid nie. Dit impliseer eerder die bemagtiging van die gemeenskap met ontwikkelingsvaardighede wat mense in staat stelom meer keuses te bekom en om beheer oor hulle gemeenskapslewe te verkry. Die studie beklemtoon dat, ten einde hierdie bemagtiging te bereik, daar 'n skuif moet plaasvind na die benadering waar die gemeenskap betrokke is by die beplanning en implementering van landelikgebaseerde ontwikkelingsprojekte.
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Kaushal, Achhar Ram. "Citizen rights and the black experience in Britain : a view from two multi-racial towns." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288138.
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Elias, Maria Veronica. "Community: An Experience-Based Critique of the Concept." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1214500741.
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Thomas, Peter R. Jr. "Camp, Combat, and Campaign: North Carolina's Confederate Experience." UNF Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/586.
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This research examines a sample of North Carolina Confederates as they transitioned from citizen to soldier between 1861 and 1863 during the American Civil War, and it questions how levels of commitment and devotion emerged during this transformation. North Carolina Confederates not only faced physical and emotional challenges as they transitioned from citizen to soldier, but also encountered social obstacles due to the strict social order of the Old South. Orthodoxy maintains this social dissent hindered any form of solidarity among North Carolina Confederates. The question remains, though, why did so many North Carolinians remain committed to the Confederacy until death or surrender? This thesis addresses that question. It acknowledges traditional works on North Carolina’s Civil War experience, however it focuses on the war front more closely. By examining soldiers’ personal reflections to experiences encountered during their transition more understanding concerning soldiers’ shifting perceptions emerge. This thesis encapsulates a soldier’s transition through three stages: camp, combat, and campaign. Each stage offers insight into how perceptions toward fellow men, the home front, combat, and camp-life changed over time. Soldiers were exposed to unprecedented levels of fear, sickness, death, and nostalgia that shook their foundations. Levels of commitment were questioned as men encountered each obstacle. The reflections herein indicate men’s devotion actually increased by 1863 by engaging the basic duties of soldiering and learning to function together in the midst of combat. Self-awareness for health and survival, hard work, and camp life activities took on new meanings by 1863. Furthermore, this sample offers an example of how the constant interactions of men whether in camp or on the battlefield ultimately strengthened solidarity among troops. This thesis pays particular attention to soldiers’ attachments to natural landscapes, and their abilities to materially alter landscapes for the purposes of survival and respite. These North Carolinians reveal how experiences during their transition from citizen to soldier ultimately laid a foundation to remain committed to the war.
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McCray, Jacquelyn Yvonne. "Civic Deliberative Dialogue and the Topic of Race: Exploring the Lived Experience of Everyday Citizens and Their Encounters with Tension and Conflict." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1400249625.
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Lane, Rebecca E. "THE GEOPOLITICS OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE: LATINA IMMIGRANTS’ EXPERIENCES AS NON-CITIZENS AND BIOLOGICAL CITIZENA IN ATLANTA, GA." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/44.
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This dissertation examines the experiences of Latina immigrants in Atlanta, GA in accessing and receiving reproductive healthcare. Although Atlanta is a new destination city for immigrant labor, the state of Georgia has passed anti-immigrant legislation, including a 2011 law that allows local police to check immigrants’ documentation while investigating unrelated violations. This localization of immigration policing heightens immigrants’ risk of detention and deportability. In combination with media discourses of illegality, local immigration policing instills fear in immigrants, which deters them from going out in public in order to perform everyday tasks such as seeing a doctor. Latinas immigrants’ ascribed illegality is not only an issue when trying to access reproductive healthcare, however, but also inflects their interactions with health service providers. Moreover, legal and pragmatic barriers to reproductive healthcare are bound up with ideological notions of Latinas’ reproduction. Drawing from 68 interviews with recent Latina immigrants and immigrant advocates, I detail how experiences of receiving reproductive healthcare foster a “biological citizenship” – which can be defined as the ways in which an individual or group claims inclusion through biological means – that eases Latinas’ outsider status. By enacting biological citizenship through the care of their bodies, which are often viewed and treated as undeserving of care, I contend that undocumented immigrants act politically via one of the few avenues that is open to them, albeit one – the care of the body – that is often overlooked. Additionally, they are creating a bit of security in an overwhelming insecure environment.
This research finds that Latina immigrants’ access to reproductive healthcare is impeded not only by anti-immigrant laws and inflammatory discourse, but also by pragmatic issues such as lack of health insurance and language differences. Moreover, legal and pragmatic barriers to reproductive healthcare are bound up with ideological notions of Latinas’ reproduction. For example, Latinas are frequently portrayed as “hyperfertile” in anti-immigrant discourse. Latina immigrants’ reproduction is viewed as threatening to the nation-state and is thus often blatantly or covertly treated to render Latinas as “undeserving” of citizenship and the welfare state. Interestingly, however, in the context of the aging population of the U.S., there are other discourses making their way onto the scene. These discourses reveal that Latina reproduction, though much maligned, was concomitantly viewed as the solution to revitalizing the eroding lower rungs of the U.S. population pyramid. Additionally, political pundits drew on the trope of the hyperfertile Latina immigrant to construct the hopes of an eventual permanent Democratic majority, which would be facilitated by the exponential breeding of Hispanic immigrants. However, this research corroborates 2015 statistics from the Centers of Disease Control that show that Hispanic fertility is steeply declining, thus undermining the demographic and political dreams which relied on tropes of the hyperfertile Latina.
This study aims to expand conceptions of citizenship by examining reproductive healthcare as a site where risk is negotiated and borders of membership are both constructed and broken down. The lens of biological citizenship emphasizes the political nature of healthcare access and allows for analyzing Latina immigrants’ everyday experiences with reproductive health as they are shaped by state policies, anti-immigrant legislation, and gendered portrayals of illegality. In doing so, this study complicates healthcare access and draws out both the non-biological determinants and non-biological implications of this access.
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Eriksson, Niklas, and Mikael Forss. "Ålderspensionärers upplevelse av förändringar i vardagsaktiviteter utifrån rekommendationer och restriktioner införda under Covid-19 pandemin." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84803.
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Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur äldre personer upplever att deras vardagsaktiviteter påverkats av Folkhälsomyndighetens rekommendationer och restriktioner som infördes i samband med Coronapandemin. Metod: Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ design. Författarna genomförde åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer via telefon med pensionärer som var medlemmar i PRO Gävleborg eller SPF Hälsingedistriktet i Södra Norrland och var 70 år och äldre. Vid analysen användes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Det insamlade materialet resulterade i sex kategorier: Affärens betydelse, Minskad risk för att bli smittad och smitta andra, Tjänster i samhället som underlättar en fungerande vardag, Fysisk kontakt, social samvaro och inställda evenemang, Anpassningar i det egna hemmet och Boendets fördelar och utomhusaktiviteter för hälsan. Resultatet visade att många äldre hade anpassat sin vardag utifrån Folkhälsomyndighetens rekommendationer och restriktioner. Förändringen av vardagen har lett till flera negativa aspekter som minskad fysisk kontakt och social samvaro men också positiva aspekter som ökad vistelse i naturen. Med hjälp av digital teknik, förändrade vardagsrutiner, ett säkerhetstänk och ett större fokus på utomhusmiljön hade tiden under Coronapandemin underlättats. Slutsats: I studien framkom att deltagarna funnit strategier och aktiviteter för att främja fysisk aktivitet för att få en fungerande vardag med meningsfulla aktiviteter. Anpassningarna i vardagen ledde till en förbättring av individens mående.Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate how older people feel that their everyday activities have been affected by the Swedish Public Health Agency's recommendations and restrictions that were introduced in connection with the Corona pandemic. Methods: The study was conducted with a qualitative design. The authors conducted eight semi-structured interviews by telephone with pensioners who were members of PRO Gävleborg or SPF Hälsinge district in Southern Norrland and were 70 years and older. A qualitative content analysis was used in the analysis. Result: The collected material resulted in six categories: The importance of the store, Reduced risk of becoming infected and infecting others, Services in society that facilitate a functioning everyday life, Physical contact, social interaction and canceled events, Adaptations in one's own home and Accommodation benefits and outdoor activities for health. The results showed that many older people have adapted their everyday lives based on the public health authority's recommendations and restrictions. The change in everyday life has led to several negative aspects such as reduced physical contact and social interaction, but also positive aspects such as increased stays outdoors. With the help of digital technology, changed everyday routines, a safety mindset and a greater focus on the outdoor environment, the time during the Corona pandemic has been made easier. Conclusion: The study shows that the participants have found strategies and activities to promote physical activity and to have a functioning everyday life with meaningful activities. The adjustments and adaptations of everyday life have led to an improvement of the individual's well-being.
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Patrick, Ruth. "Irresponsible citizens? : the lived experiences of welfare reform." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10737/.
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This thesis reports on a qualitative longitudinal study into the lived experiences of welfare reform under the 2010-15 Westminster coalition government. Between 2011 and 2013, a small group of out-of-work benefit claimants were interviewed three times as they were directly affected by changes to the benefits system. In these interviews, disability benefit(s) recipients, young jobseekers and single parents shared both their experiences and attitudes to the coalition’s reform programme. The study found a significant disjuncture between the dominant citizenship narratives of recent governments and lived realities for those directly affected by welfare reform. The hard work that ‘getting by’ on benefits demands, and the various forms of socially valuable contribution in which so many of the participants were engaged, counter the dominant characterisation of claimants as inactive and passive. Relationships with paid employment were found to be far more fluid and complex than is suggested by successive governments’ repeated recourse to static divisions between ‘welfare dependants’ and the ‘hardworking majority’. Tracking experiences of welfare reform over time showed the worry and anxiety that changes to benefits were causing, with little evidence of welfare-to-work ‘support’ being experienced positively. There were also examples of participants internalising negative characterisations of claimants, in ways which were profoundly damaging to their sense of self and their wider inclusion within society. Over the past 35 years, welfare reforms and an increasingly negative rhetoric around ‘welfare dependency’ have significantly devalued the social rights of citizenship, with citizenship increasingly operating in exclusionary ways. Those relying on out-of-work benefits are granted a lesser citizenship status, with their right to a ‘modicum of economic security’ (Marshall, 1950, p.8) seriously undermined. There are signs of a shift from ‘conditionality’ to ‘conditioning’, such that individual claimants become accepting of an individualisation of responsibility which places the ‘blame’ for individuals’ reliance on benefits with the individual herself. There is also evidence that political agreement on welfare reform is contributing to a broader moral consensus on the supposedly negative characteristics of both ‘welfare’ and those who rely on it for all or most of their income.
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Ljungman, Fanny. "Utilizing the full engagement of experienced citizen scientists: how to motivate for increased contribution." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415219.
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Citizen science is when ordinary people help with scientific research, e.g. within biodiversity, molecular biology and astronomy. At Artdatabanken, which is an organization that observes biodiversity, citizen science is used to enable data gathering of species in Sweden. Previous research has investigated how to maintain long-term engagement by observing motivation for citizen scientists regardless of skill-levels. In this study, the motivations of experienced citizen scientists are investigated. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with citizen scientists at Artdatabanken, and thematic analysis was used to find themes in the answers. The participants were open both to increase contributions and to report other species. The results showed mainly extrinsic motivations, which could be due to a lack of reflection of intrinsic motivation. Three main themes were found in the interviews. The first theme, Efficiency, was connected to usability-issues, mainly focusing on time-efficiency and simplifying the reporting tool. The acknowledgement-theme involved motivation to receive recognition for the contributions. The third theme, Knowledge and Understanding, was connected to motivation for increased knowledge regarding species and data. Some suggestions for implementation are presented to make the motivations feasible for design implementations of citizen science systems.
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Gomez, Menjivar Jennifer Carolina. "Liminal Citizenry: Black Experience in the Central American Intellectual Imagination." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305915276.
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Hallifax, Stuart. "Citizens at war : the experience of the Great War in Essex, 1914-1918." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:73fe34ce-e418-414c-8939-819b14a1f81f.
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This thesis examines the experiences and attitudes of civilians in Essex during the First World War, 1914-1918. Through these it explores the reasons for people’s continued support for the war and how public discourse shaped conceptions of the war’s purpose and course and what sacrifices were needed and acceptable in pursuit of victory. This combination kept the war comprehensible and enabled people to continue to support it. Vital to getting a picture of how the war was understood is an account of the role of the local elites that sought to shape popular knowledge and attitudes about the war. The narratives of the war, the discourse of sacrifice, and elites’ roles evolved with events at home and at the front. Chapter 1 deals with the initial reactions to the war and growing acceptance of the major war narratives. The second and third chapters address two of their major features: attitudes towards the enemy and volunteering for the armed forces. The fourth chapter addresses the changes to the war's narratives and ideas of sacrifice as casualties and hardships increased from 1916, while Chapter 5 provides an in-depth case study of local military service tribunals. The final chapter deals with the crises of 1917-18, which covered both the expected course of the war and the image of equal sacrifice, and how local and national elites overcame these problems. The successful depiction of the Great War as necessary, just, winnable, and fought against an evil enemy allowed civilians to accept sacrifices in order to win. An evolving discourse of sacrifice framed what was expected of and acceptable to civilians. Local elites played an essential role: advocating sacrifice and endurance for the national cause while also working to ensure that sacrifices were minimised and borne equally. This combination of framing the war and mitigating its effects was vital in maintaining civilian support for the war effort.
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Raheemson, Farouk A. "Corruption and Conflict: A Phenomenological Study of the Experiences of Nigerian Citizens." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/46.
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This qualitative phenomenological study was designed to gain an in-depth understanding of the lived experiences of Nigerian citizens on corruption and conflict. A review of the literature found a gap in the understanding of the lived experiences of participants on corruption and conflict in Nigeria, and this study was designed to fill that gap. Using a purposeful sampling method, the investigator targeted 20 Nigerian citizens who have experienced corruption and conflict. The phenomenological method provided the basis for a reflective structural analysis that exposes the meanings and essences of the lived experiences of the participants on corruption and conflict in Nigeria. Participant interviews showed that many Nigerians encounter bribery on a daily basis because of the following reasons: they were encouraged by a perceived culture of greed, a culture of impunity, a culture of impropriety and a culture of no accountability. All of the participants indicated the need to survive the harsh realities of living in Nigeria. The study revealed a broad variety of corruption and conflict situations in Nigeria. This dissertation adds value and richness to existing body of knowledge, which suggested to policy makers, advocates and civil society of the need to develop policies and strategies to stem corruption as part of a wider strategy for resolving the negative conflicts that currently characterize the socio-political and economic landscape of Nigeria. Overall, as part of the major contributions and objectives, this dissertation illuminated the psychological impacts of corruption and conflict in Nigeria. In other words, this research bridged the gap between the social structural understandings and impacts of corruption and the personal component.
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Hassan, Mohamed Aden. "Transnational active citizens : theorising the experiences of young Somali males in London." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2014. http://research.gold.ac.uk/10582/.
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This thesis focuses on young Somali males in London and their transnational engagements. It offers a critical intervention within the literature on forced migration, diaspora, transnationalism, citizenship, intergenrational acculturation and masculinity and challenges existing definitions, concepts and approaches employed in this work. It further unpacks the dominant narrative of ‘citizen suspects’ associated with young British Somali men: it, thus, addresses a gap generally overlooked by diaspora and transnational theories, which commonly focus on the problematised participation of young migrants. It offers a more nuanced approach to youth migration highlighting various social and structural interactions between host-societies, diaspora communities and generations in the UK. The research seeks to engage with four key questions that have been largely overlooked in the literature: 1) What are young people’s understandings of notions of ‘belonging’ and ‘home’?; 2) How do young people perceive their place in society, deal with the challenges that they face and become active citizens while forging (united) voices?; 3) How do intergenerational matters affect young people? 4) How do young people’s networks function at the local and transnational level and how are these sustained? Through semi-structured interviews, focus groups and participant observation, the research frames young Somali men as active citizens by shedding new light onto how they understand and construct their social, political, civic and religious spaces both locally and transnationally. In so doing, it offers a more balanced account with regards to notions of home and belonging. It contributes to research on Somali diaspora(s) in general, and its youth more specifically, as well as their more grounded transnational engagements. It unravels the complexities of intergenerational issues and reveals how young Somalis manage multiple notions of belonging, whilst negotiating broader diaspora and transnational engagements. It concludes that young people’s broader experiences and adopted social positions are firmly shaped by their historical context, interactions with their immediate social environment and more broadly the host-society and transnational narratives. Such experiences are fluid, varied and interactive usually dictating the delicate balance and outcome of reception and rejection in the host-society. Whilst the focus of the thesis is on young Somali males, there are wider theoretical implications for the study of diaspora, transnationalism and citizenship.
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Dorji, Nidup. "Adverse life experiences and quality of life among senior citizens of Bhutan." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/101525/1/Nidup_Dorji_Thesis.pdf.
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This study investigated links between adverse life experiences, health and quality of life (QOL) among 391 older adults in Bhutan. Women and men aged between 60 to 101 years in four towns were interviewed. Good QOL was reported by most participants, although many encountered difficulties. QOL was associated with the absence of significant illness, spirituality, family harmony and close social connectedness. Adverse life experiences, including from childhood five to eight decades earlier, were linked with poor QOL. This first study in Bhutan to examine these issues yielded insights that may assist development of social services for older people.
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SILVA, JESSE GUIMARAES DA. "THE ART OF BEING CITIZEN: EXPERIENCES OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN SOCIAL PROJECTS FROM THE THEATER." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11770@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOREste estudo tem por objetivo investigar alguns modos de ser protagonizados por jovens, a partir da arte teatral, em projetos sociais, e a sua repercussão sobre a constituição da noção de cidadania. Particularmente, o trabalho se apóia nas análises desenvolvidas a partir de observações da montagem da peça Urucubaca, trabalho realizado por jovens integrantes da Trupe de Teatro do Grupo Cultural Afro Reggae (GCAR), cujas atividades são realizadas no Parque Proletário de Vigário Geral, bairro do Rio de Janeiro. Baseada nos autores Michel Certeau e Mikhail Bakhtin, a pesquisa, cuja duração foi de 7 (sete) meses, teve como recurso metodológico a utilização de dois instrumentos: a entrevista e o diário de campo. A primeira foi realizada com 7 (sete) integrantes do grupo, sendo 6 (seis) jovens e 1 (um) diretor. Já o diário de campo contou com as observações e apontamentos feitos a partir das visitas realizadas aos ensaios e atividades em geral, nas quais o grupo da Trupe de Teatro trabalhava em prol da constituição daquela peça. A presença e o envolvimento destes jovens neste projeto em especial acabava por gerar um espaço em que eles construíam para si modos identitários através dos quais eles não apenas firmavam o seu pertencimento àquele grupo, como também se projetavam como autores de suas próprias vidas.
This study aims to investigate some ways of being by young people from the theatrical art, social projects, and its impact on the formation of the concept of citizenship. Particularly, the work will be supported in the analyses developed from observations of the assembly of the teatrical piece Urucubaca, formed by young members of the Group Theater Trupe of Cultural Afro Reggae (GCAR), whose activities are carried out in the Parque Proletário, Vigário Geral, Rio de Janeiro state. Based on author Michel Certeau and Mikhail Bakhtin, the research, whose duration was 7 (seven) months, had methodological use of two tools: a interview and diary of field. The first was performed with 7 (seven) members of the group, 6 (six) youths and one (1) director. During the journey some notes and abservations had been made about the activities of the group of Trupe of Theater whose worked in favour of the constitution of that piece. The presence and involvement of young people in this project in particular ended by creating a space in which they construct for them all modes of identity through which they not only firmate their belonging to that group, but also projected them as authors of their own lives.
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Klefbom, Sanna. "Augmented Urban Values : Virtual Gothenburg as a place for citizen dialogue and shared lived experiences." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-45934.
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In the domain of social design, this thesis introduces a design project that explores a place-centric view on interaction design to address issues of participation, representation, and place. The project aims to envision possible futures of city-scaled digital twins as places that enable collective engagement within communities and between citizens and cities. It explores this aim with a methodology grounded in co-design- and ethnographic values, focusing on the place of Ringön in Gothenburg. The final design outcome of the study is an augmented reality-based application connected to the city-scaled digital twin of Gothenburg. The application introduces a concept that enables citizens to express location-based social and cultural values and engage in common concerns. It enables the City of Gothenburg to communicate with citizens and develop an enriched understanding of the identity and character of places in Gothenburg. The study hopes to contribute with knowledge to the body of work within social design that explores how sustainable smart cities can develop from a bottom-up perspective, in a more participatory and socially sustainable way.
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Alzahrani, Latifa. "The critical factors influencing citizens' trust in e-government adoption : citizens' aspects perspective." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14612.
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Despite the importance of citizens’ trust toward the successful adoption of e-government, the majority of the extant research focuses only on two dimensions to investigate the role of citizens’ trust in e-government which are, trust in technology and trust in government. Hence, there is an absence of research into the multi-dimensional nature of trust and in particular how demographic aspects such as citizens’ personality, culture, gender, experience, education level, beliefs and value systems influence citizens’ trust in e-government. This research particularly aims to investigate and analyse the critical factors influencing citizens' trust in e-government from different aspects including: technology, government agency, risk and citizens' perspective. To achieve this aim, this research undertook a comprehensive review of the e-government and trust literatures, followed by a systematic review of relevant academic articles to identify the factors influencing trust in e-government. The existing literature considered technical factors, government agencies, risk and citizens' aspects. Thereby, a conceptual framework was developed by extending the updated DeLone and McLean’ IS Success Model. To validate the framework, empirical research was preformed, followed by the distribution of a questionnaire to participants who have a past experience in using e-government services, within three ministries in Saudi Arabia. Of 1076 completed survey responses received, 912 were considered valid to use in this study. This study has applied structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the proposed research framework using SmartPLS 3.0. The final developed framework was then refined and presented along with the findings regarding the significant factors influencing citizens’ trust in e-government. The findings of study revealed that while technical factors and disposition to trust have a positive influence on trust in e-government, factors related to government agencies and risk have negative impacts on citizens' trust. With regard to the citizens' aspects, the findings reveal that the female respondents demonstrate a more positive evaluation of online services as compared to the male respondents, with the female group reporting more significant and positive influences of the technical aspects on trust in e-government as compared to the male group. Interestingly, this study found that old people display greater trust in e-government as compared to levels of trust reported by younger people. The findings also highlight that internet experience has a positive influence on citizens' trust, as increased levels of Internet experience increased the level of trust in e-government. Finally, the study found non-significant support of the influence of education level in terms of trust in e-government. Lastly, the strategies that governments use to build and develop citizens' trust were identified based on the findings of the study. The originality of this study is that it tries to provide new insights on the subject of citizens’ trust in e-government in Saudi Arabia, as limited studies investigate and analyse how citizens’ differences in gender, age, education level and internet experience can influence their trust in e-government. This study attempts to provide a validated conceptual framework that integrates different antecedents of trust in e-government. Also, the impact of additional factors such as citizens’ satisfaction, intention to continue use e-government and the moderating effect of different demographic factors (gender, age, education and internet experience) are considered in this research, complementing and enhancing the existing literature on trust in e-government. Also, this research offers several implications to practitioners (decision maker) and stakeholders who are involved in e-government initiatives by providing new insights into e-government adoption from a citizens’ perspective.
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Hecht, Joy Eliza. "Introducing information technology in third world cities : the Tunisian experience." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66720.
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Duker, Hanna. "Recovering the experience of place and nature in contemporary cities." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6087.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
This project has its origin in my interest in the relationship of nature and sense of place to contemporary cities, and it is informed by the idea that the process of settlement making over time has disengaged these elements from urban life.
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Lim, Eun-Jung. "Significant Influences in the Lives of Senior Citizens: Reflections on Music Experiences during School Years and Beyond." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1328371467.
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Lameck, Marylin K. "Citizens Experience of Inequitable Distributive Justice in Mineral Resource Revenues in Tanzania: A phenomenological Inquiry." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/94.
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Tanzania’s natural resources are national resources for the benefit of all Tanzanian citizens (The Arusha Declaration, 1967). The liberalization of the Mining Industry in the mid-1990s sparked hope in the country that the socio-economic status of all citizens across the nation would improve as a result of the mineral resource revenues obtained by the Government of Tanzania. Contemporary literature on mining in Tanzania has mostly riveted on issues surrounding a triangular relationship between the mining girdle and its population, foreign mining companies, and the Government of Tanzania. Hardly any attention has been given to the non-mining rural districts where the poor majority reside. This qualitative study using a phenomenological approach explored the shared experiences of citizens living in non-mining rural districts and their ascribed meanings of inequitable distributive realities in mineral resource revenues in Tanzania. The study employed the theories of relative deprivation and human needs for the theoretical framework. Study findings revealed seven core essences: socio-economic insecurity, inequity and injustice, communication and trust, investment and technology, moral leadership and human capital, growth and a culture of dependency. Understanding these essences should help determine policies and practices that promote equitable distribution of not only mineral resource wealth but also in other types of natural resource wealth found in the country; allowing for a true/win-win tri-partnership relationship involving all stake-holders: Tanzanian citizens, foreign investors, and the Government of Tanzania.
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Joubert, Jacomina Christina. "The life experiences and understanding of children as citizens in a democratic South Africa." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05202008-182045.
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Kitshoff, Danine. "The value of collaboration in an integrated community development programme as experienced by stakeholders." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6739.
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Thesis (MCur)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond Samewerking tussen belanghebbendes is ʼn baie waardevolle instrument om die holistiese ontwikkeling van gemeenskappe te bevorder. Gevolglik het die navorser deur hierdie projek gepoog om die waarde van samewerking in ’n gemeenskap te bepaal. Doelstelling en Doelwitte Die doel van die studie was om die waarde van samewerking in ʼn geïntegreerde gemeenskapsontwikkelingsprogram te ondersoek, soos dit onder die belanghebbendes in die gemeenskap van Kuilsrivier ervaar is. Die volgende doelwitte is gestel om te bepaal of: • samewerking ʼn oplossing is vir gemeenskapsontwikkeling • ʼn integrasie van al die belanghebbendes in die gemeenskap ʼn verskil maak in ontwikkelende gemeenskappe. Navorsingsontwerp Vir die doel van hierdie studie was ʼn fenomenologiese navorsingsontwerp toegepas met ‘n kwalitatiewe benadering. Populasie en steekproefneming Die populasie het bestaan uit ʼn verskeidenheid van belanghebbendes wat betrokke was in die program. Deur doelgerigte steekproefneming is 10 deelnemers gekies wat bestaan het uit ‘n fokusgroep met vyf deelnemers en onderhoude met vyf afsonderlike individue. Onderhoudsriglyne en data insameling Onderhoude is gevoer met een fokusgroep en vyf individue afsonderlik. Elke onderhoud was gelei deur semi-gestruktureerde onderhoudsriglyne wat gebaseer was op die doelwitte. Data is deur die navorser persoonlik ingesamel. ʼn Voorondersoek is nie gedoen nie. Geldigheid Om die geldigheid van hierdie studie te verseker, is die beginsels van geloofwaardigheid, gelykvormigheid, betroubaarheid en oordraagbaarheid toegepas. Etiese oorweging Toestemming vir die uitvoering van die studie was verkry van die Etiese Komitee van die Fakulteit Gesondheidswetenskappe by Stellenbosch Universiteit. Ingeligte, geskrewe toestemming was verkry. Die onderhoude is op band opgeneem met toestemming van die deelnemers. Deelname aan die studie was vrywillig en die etiese beginsels met betrekking tot privaatheid, anonimiteit en vertroulikheid is verseker deur die hele studie. Data analise Data was geanaliseer volgens Tesch (1990:154-156). Opgeneemde onderhoude is getranskribeer. Getranskribeerde data was gegroepeer in temas en sub-temas en gekodeer deur die hele proses. Bevindinge Gedurende die onderhoude, en spesifiek in die fokusgroep, het deelnemers die waarde so beskryf van aandeelhouers in gemeenskapsontwikkeling: “Samewerking is baie belangrik. Integrasie van alle partye dra definitief by tot die ontwikkeling van die gemeenskappe.” Daar is bevind dat bemagtiging die gemeenskappe in staat stel om hulle individuele take meer effektief uit te voer, n.a.v. die volgende: ”Ons skakel in en deur dit bemagtig ons ons gemeenskappe in Kuilsrivier en nou ook ander gemeenskappe”. Die projek het nuwe bewyse geïdentifiseer van ʼn wyer spektrum van die waarde van samewerking en het die waarde van persoonlike, geestelike en emosionele ondersteuning geïdentifiseer wat ervaar is deur die aandeelhouers. Verder het die studie baie belangrike persoonlike ontwikkeling en bemagtiging, soos ervaar deur die aandeelhouers gewys dat daar ʼn baie belangrike persoonlike ontwikkeling en bemagtiging ervaar is deur die aandeelhouers en dat integrasie van al die gemeenskapsaandeelhouers wel ʼn verskil maak in ontwikkelende gemeenskappe. Aanbevelings Aanbevelings wat gebaseer is op die wetenskaplike bewyse wat deur die studie bekom is, was gemaak en sluit die volgende in: ʼn Groter poging moet aangewend word om die beste moontlike mense betrokke te kry by ʼn geïntegreerde gemeenskapsonwikkelingsprogram Vertroue en respek tussen die aandeelhouers onderling en tussen die aandeelhouers en die gemeenskap is noodsaaklik ʼn Mentorprogram vir vrywilligers Persoonlike ontwikkelingsprogramme vir die vrywilligers Ter opsomming kan gesê word dat die LINK geïntegreerde program gewys het dat om verandering teweeg te bring in Suid-Afrika, sal daar ʼn toename in geïntegreerde gemeenskapsontwikkelingsprogramme te weeg gebring moet word met ʼn samewerkingsvennootskap van verskeie aandeelhouers.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background Collaboration between stakeholders is a valuable tool to enhance holistic development in communities. Consequently through this project the researcher endeavored to determine the value of collaboration in development of a community. Goal and objectives The purpose of the study was to explore the value of collaboration of an integrated community development programme as experienced by stakeholders which was introduced in Kuils River. The following objectives were set to determine whether: • collaboration is a solution to community development • an integration of all community stakeholders makes a difference in developing societies. Research design For the purpose of this study a phenomenological research design with a qualitative approach was applied. Population and sampling The population comprised of the various stakeholders involved in the programme. Through purposive sampling 10 participants were selected, which consisted of one focus group of five participants and five face to face individuals interviews. Interview Guide and data collection Interviews were conducted with one focus group and five individual participants. Each interview was guided by a semi-structured interview guide based on the objectives. Data was collected personally by the researcher. A pretest was not done. Validity To ensure the validity of the study the principles of credibility, conformability, dependability and transferability were applied. Ethical considerations Consent to conduct the study was obtained from the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Stellenbosch University. Informed written consent was obtained. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the participants. Participation in the study was voluntary and the ethical principles pertaining to privacy, anonymity and confidentiality were maintained throughout the study. Data analysis Data was analysed according to Tesch (1990:154-156). Recorded interviews were transcribed. Transcribed data was grouped into themes, subthemes and coded throughout the process. Findings During the interviews, specifically with the focus group, participants described the value of collaboration of various stakeholders in community development: “Collaboration is very important. Integration of all the parties definitely contributes to the development of the communities”. It was shown that empowerment enables communities to fulfil their individual tasks more effectively as the following comment illustrates: “We are linking in and through that we are empowering our communities, our community in Kuils River and now also other communities”. The project identified new evidence of a broader range of the value of collaboration and has identified the value of personal, spiritual and emotional support experienced by stakeholders. Furthermore, the study has shown the high importance of personal development and empowerment experienced by stakeholders and that the integration of all community stakeholders does make a difference in developing societies. Recommendations Recommendations were made based on the scientific evidence obtained and include the following: Effort should be made to involve the best possible people in the integrated community development programme (ICDP). Trust and respect between the stakeholders and between the stakeholders and the community are imperative A mentorship programme for volunteers Personal development programme for the volunteers In conclusion the Local Integrated Network in Kuils River (LINK) integrated programme has shown that to bring about change in South Africa, an increase in ICDP’s should be introduced with a collaborative partnership of various stakeholders.
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Henshaw, Victoria. "The role of smell in urban design." Thesis, University of Salford, 2011. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/43042/.
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The dominance of sight in built environmental design and management is well documented with smell overlooked by built environment professionals, considered of primarily negative influence upon experience and perception. However odour has special characteristics, retained in memory longer than visual images, and can transport people back through space and time through recollection and association. As a result, it has an important role to play in urban place experience. Few dedicated studies have examined the role of smell in environmental experience and perception. As a result, important questions are raised: What odours are commonplace in contemporary urban environments? How are they perceived? What is the relationship between odour and place perception and experience? What tools are available when designing olfactory environments? What are the ethical implications when doing so? Drawing on evidence from smellwalks and semi-structured interviews with fifty-two professionals, licensees, community representatives and business people in Doncaster, accompanied by data involving eighty-two residents, collected in Manchester, Sheffield and Clerkenwell, London by the Vivacity2020 Project, smell is argued highly influential in place experience and perception. This empirical study is one of the first to evidence odour perception as related to place perception with individuals playing an active role in perception according to past experiences and olfactory perceptual state. A potentially positive role for odour is identified in restorative experiences of the city, gained from natural and non-natural sources. A range of tools are introduced, assisting in designing with odour without reliance upon scenting practices, themselves identified problematic due to perceived physical and psychological reactions. Through adopting a pragmatic approach to findings, where experiences of odour are considered on a site by site basis and within the context of local stakeholder engagement, a new model is proposed by which olfactory design can be incorporated into everyday urban design decision making processes.
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Weinberg, Yoav. "Community-university partnership : past and present experiences with reference to the Israeli context." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33266.
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Community-university projects have been a common practice in most western countries since the 1960s. However, such projects are very rare in Israel. This thesis explores the possible methods by which architecture and urban planning schools and low-income communities can cooperate and examines the ways these methods can be implemented in Israel.The research investigates several community-university projects practiced in North America between the 1960s and 1990s. A set of interviews conducted with directors of schools of architecture and urban planning as well as with different actors in community-based organizations in Israel enlarges, hopefully, the understanding of the eventual possibility for such projects to exist in Israel.
This research reveals that although involvement of Israeli architecture and urban planning students in community issues has been so far rather limited, there are both demand and will among schools of architecture and community-based organizations to cooperate in the future. In conclusions, basic guidelines for a community-university project are given, tailor made for the Israeli context.
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Perez, Quintero Camilo E. "Images to Disarm Minds: An Exploration of the "Pasolini en Medellin" Experience in Colombia." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1366637599.
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Hassellöf, Carl. "Under Occupation : Citizens of the West Bank and their Experiences of Democracy and Freedom in Palestine." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130094.
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This thesis handles the subjects of freedom and democracy on the West Bank, Palestine. The analysis builds on discourse theory with focuses on the informants’ reality and experiences. In order to highlight the difficulties they face in their daily lives under occupation and oppression this thesis focuses on how they express themselves in regards to freedom and democracy. The study has been carried out through fieldwork and qualitative interviews undertaken to ascertain the people’s opinions and views on subjects of democracy and freedom. The analysis handles subjects of inequalities, how fellow citizens get divided geographically and based on opinions held, the reasons behind it; as well as the role played by the occupation of the Palestinian territories in the fight for democracy and freedom for the informants.
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Målström, Mikaela. "Evaluation on “My pages” for public transport in Värmland : A study on improving the user experience for citizens." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84775.
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The digitization in public transport is aimed at all citizens, which means that everyone should be able to use IT-based services in a simple way and obtain available information. The purpose of this study is to identify the usability issues that can occur on “My pages” of county-wide bus service. The purpose is to find out the improvements that can be made to the efficiency and user experience on My pages based on the comments of the test participants. The research questions in this study are: What usability problems can be identified on My pages? What efficiency improvements can be made on My pages based on test participant feedback and how is the user experience perceived by test participants? The methods used during this study are usability testing using eye-tracking equipment, observation, thinking aloud, and structured interview that includes background questions about the participants. The results are based on the data collection through the test participants. Eight usability issues were identified, and eight improvement points were revealed. Eye-tracking equipment combined with gaze-plots and observation can be used to see how a usability problem arises. Test participants comments when thinking aloud and interviewing give a better understanding of testing behavior.
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Sarukawa, Asao. "Mapping Cities in Early Modern Japan : Experience, Representation and Environment in Kyoto and Edo." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.514223.
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Nudrali, F. ozlem. "The Experiences Of British Citizens In Didim A Coastal Town In Turkey: A Case Of Lifestyle Migration." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608244/index.pdf.
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The aim of this thesis is providing an initial insight into the quite recent Northern European immigration to Coastal Turkey through exploring its causes and consequences within the context of a particular locality, Didim where a single nationality group, the British, comprise the most prominent lifestyle migrant category.
In that frame, three aspects of the migratory move namely the causes and the meaning of the move through the migrant narrativesthe new social spaces created in terms of everyday practices of the migrants and the interactions with the locals
and the meanings of the changes for the locals have been elaborated. Within a descriptive ethnographic approach, in depth interviews were conducted in Didim with 20 British lifestyle migrants and 20 locals. It is found out that while the migratory move to Didim is a strategy devised by the British migrants to react to the broader social and cultural changes impacting their lives
the meaning of the same move for the locals of Didim is a change impacting their lives which requires devising new strategies for coping and for challenging. The encounters and co-habitation of the two groups of people from countries of different affluence levels and with a significant cultural distance, in the social setting of migration transgressing the boundaries of the already established context of international tourism, shape the daily life in Didim through the new social spaces being constructed and identities being constantly re-negotiated.
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Patterson, Mary Frances 1948. "An Analysis of the Elderhostel Experience at One University." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332298/.
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This ethnographic, descriptive case study is concerned with an analysis of the Elderhostel experience at one specific university. Questionnaires, evaluation documents, observations, phototographs, and interviews were used in this study to describe the 1988 Elderhostel experience at North Texas State University. Thirty-three persons were initially asked to participate in this study. Twenty-nine agreed and actually completed the questionnaires, and 26 completed the program evaluation. The study is organized and presented in the following manner: Chapter I introduces the study. Chapter II presents a review of related literature addressing those studies directly concerned with the Elderhostel experience, those addressing motivational reasons for participation in adult education, and those dealing with learning abilities, interests, and goals of the elderly in general. Chapter III includes the methods and procedures used to collect and analyze the data. Chapter IV presents the descriptive and statistical analysis of the data, and Chapter V includes the summary, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations that were derived from the analysis. Major findings of this study include a description of the organization and administration of the program, a description of the educational and co-curricular activities offered and how they were evaluated by the participants, and demographic and motivational data of the participants involved. The "average" participant can be described as white, married, female, retired, white-collar background, from an urban community, a mean age of 70, a mean educational level of 16.5 years, and an income in excess of $20,000 annually. The most frequent reason given for attending Elderhostel was "program content," and for attending North Texas State University, the "International Focus." On the basis of the findings of this study it can be concluded that the characteristics of older adults most likely to enroll in educational programs can be identified; the North Texas State University Elderhostel program is meeting the needs and interests of its participants; and the primary motivators for attending Elderhostel are instrumental in nature.
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Kahl, Daniel W. "Who makes community change for whom: the lived experience of civic leadership by citizens in a midwestern rural community." Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15047.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Curriculum and Instruction
Jeong Hee Kim
Jeffrey Zacharakis
Community leadership development programs often strive to cultivate civic leadership as an approach that involves citizens in activities and efforts which serve the common good. This descriptive case study examines citizen perspectives of civic leadership in a rural Kansas community to better understand how citizens: 1) understand civic leadership, 2) are involved in civic leadership activities, 3) perceive their ability to participate in civic leadership, and 4) classify opportunities for civic leadership in their community over time. The community identified is a purposeful selection of a community identified as having strong civic leadership characteristics. Through individual interviews; focus group interviews; field observations; and supporting physical artifacts, this study triangulates findings to get a “picture” of citizen perspectives of their capacity for civic leadership. The study provides insight into how citizens perceive their ability to participate in the leadership of the community and to what degree they feel their participation is important and effective in bringing about change. Findings include that citizens identified civic leadership as action based in personal commitment and applied to community betterment. Avenues to engage in civic leadership include service through community organizations or local government, or by initiating action to address emerging issues. Not all citizens expressed full confidence and ability in making community change, and while several income levels demonstrated mixed results, only the lowest income study participants all expressed mixed combinations of ability and/or confidence in making community change. Case study discussion considers connections between civic leadership and community development and civic leadership activities in light of community power and community capacity building.
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D'Antoni, John G. "The Home Front: The Experience of Soldiers and Civilians in the Louisiana Maneuvers of 1940 and 1941." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2452.
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In the years before and during World War II, the United States Army conducted a series of military maneuvers in north-central Louisiana. The two biggest maneuvers occurred in May 1940 and September 1941. The Louisiana Maneuvers are credited with helping to prepare the U.S. armed forces for World War II. Previous studies of the 1940 and 1941 maneuvers have focused on the day-to-day activities during the maneuvers or the generals behind the maneuvers. This study will focus on the impacts of the maneuvers on the soldiers themselves and on the citizens of north-central Louisiana who lived in the maneuver area. This study will also focus on how the Louisiana state government worked with the U.S. army to get the maneuvers.
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Engdahl, Sten. "Attraction and retention reasons for international retirement migration : the case of swedish citizens in Portugal and in Spain." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21654.
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Doutoramento em GestãoThis study attempts to contribute to the existing literature on International Retirement Migration. First, it simultaneously analyses the reasons for attracting and the reasons for retaining International Retired Migrants (IRM) in a country. Second, it devises an empirically driven structure of attraction and retention reasons. Third, it distinguishes between needs - Personal Requisites - and experiences - Experienced Context - of IRM in the host country. Fourth, the study analyses how variables of Personal Requisites and Experienced Context affect the anticipated timeframe for IRM to remain in the host country. Finally, the study identifies country-specific issues of Swedish IRM in Portugal and Spain. Data was collected in Portugal and Spain through the use of an internet-based instrument. A sample of 219 Swedish IRM in Portugal and 356 in Spain was obtained and the results were analysed through Partial Least Squares (PLS). The most important attraction reasons are a better quality of life, better climate, safety, and healthcare. The results are similar for retention reasons, with the addition of gastronomy, flight connections, and health benefits. The empirically driven structure of reasons consists of four factors; Senior Needs, Social Life, Access to Home Country, and Contacts in Host Country. The Timeframe to Remain in Portugal is directly affected by Tax Incentives, Senior Housing, and Sociocultural Adaptation. In Spain, Senior Needs, Senior Housing, and Healthcare directly affect the Timeframe to Remain. In both countries, Senior Housing mediates between Personal Requisites variables and Timeframe to Remain. Healthcare is also a mediator in Spain. Theoretical contributions and practical applications for designing strategies to attract and retain IRM are discussed.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Loewus, Sabra Elysia. "Downtown living: for families? : the Vancouver, BC urban livability experience and lessons for other cities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45153.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2008.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-158).
Across North America, downtowns are experiencing revitalization and population growth, as "urban pioneers" are making their homes in city centers. While downtowns are typically thought of as places for empty nesters and young, single professionals, some North American cities are experiencing recent growth in families moving downtown, despite its tradeoffs, and others are working to attract families with children to their downtowns. With an increasing number of families living in central city neighborhoods, cities are presented with unique opportunities and challenges. Initiatives to make cities more family-friendly for residents of all backgrounds and income levels will help attract and retain families downtown, as well as contribute to healthy, thriving cities overall. Using Vancouver, BC as a case study, this thesis explores urban livability in general and with specific reference to Vancouver's family-oriented downtown as one component of livability. Vancouver is consistently ranked as one of the world's most livable cities and has been a pioneer city in embracing family-friendly urban living, beginning its efforts several decades ago, while many other cities have only recently begun to address issues of livability. This thesis investigates how Vancouver has accommodated families living downtown and what elements have contributed to its world-renowned status as a model city. However, the story of this perceived "urban utopia" is not complete without consideration of the dilemmas that have come hand-in-hand with Vancouver's success, such as increasing housing prices that are unaffordable to many. These challenges reveal potential implications for other cities hoping to emulate the "Vancouver Model."
(cont.) Lessons learned consider under what circumstances the elements attributable to Vancouver's "success" are applicable and realizable in other cities in North America, with a focus on Seattle, WA and Portland, OR. Recommendations are offered for both how Vancouver can improve and other cities can create more family-friendly urban environments, while avoiding the pitfalls that have come with Vancouver's success. As the case of Vancouver has demonstrated, downtown living is a complex issue and perceived successes can create powerful externalities that may diminish the city's achievements in the long-term if challenges are not properly addressed.
by Sabra Elysia Loewus.
M.C.P.
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Curatolo, Courtney. "The public official leadership experience| A case study of leadership collier and its impact on motivating and empowering select citizens." Thesis, Florida Atlantic University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3585013.
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This dissertation explored a type of qualitative case study based on the experiences of 11 graduates from Leadership Collier, a Naples, Florida-based leadership program, who had run for public office after completing the program. The researcher assessed the program goals, participant experiences and motivation with regard to community involvement and running for elected office. It was the belief of the researcher that there was a need for more qualified and effective leaders to run for public office at the local, state, and national levels of government. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation study was to understand what leadership experiences gained through participating in a leadership training program could empower and motivate a person to run for public office.
Information provided in this dissertation includes an introduction, the study’s purpose and research questions, methodology, critical terms, an examination of the literature review, study findings, researcher reflections, and recommendations for future studies. Data analysis codes in this study include sense of community, social capital, program design, confidentiality, diversity, bonding, empowerment, and motivation. Research findings showed that Leadership Collier has motivated and empowered select citizens to run for public office by providing experiences that have enabled individuals to develop leadership skills, become aware of community issues, develop confidence and a sense of community, expand social capital, and increase engagement in the community.
Keywords: leadership, public office, empowerment, motivation.
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Van, Ewyk Johanna Jacquetta. "Lesbian mothers' lived psychological experience of planned motherhood in three South African cities : an exploratory study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85801.
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Thesis (MA)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The concept of what constitutes a “normal” family has changed within recent years. This is because various family forms have been found viable. The current study is exploratory and focuses on the planned lesbian family. It aims to describe lesbian mothers’ lived psychological experience of planned motherhood. Utilising a feminist phenomenological approach, the narratives of 10 lesbian couples were obtained. Their emotional experiences are discussed under four headings, namely; the decision to become mothers; the actual process of becoming mothers; motherhood experience; and the anticipation of and actual responses to lesbian motherhood, lesbian families and children of lesbian mothers. Significant findings reveal the decision making involved in becoming mothers; the influence the type of donor has on the couple and their child; the joys and challenges of raising children; the fair division of childcare and household chores; the importance of partner support; the level of bonding with social and adoptive mothers; society’s lack of parental validation; the issue of homophobia and the preparation of their children against homophobia. Lesbian mothers seem to experience motherhood in very similar ways to heterosexual mothers, except that they do not seem as lonely and isolated. The aim of this study was not only to explore the experiences of lesbian mothers, but also to give them a voice within the psychological literature and to strive towards the acceptance of diverse families within mainstream psychology and the broader South African community.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die konsep van wat ’n “normale“ familie behels het in die afgelope jare verander. Die rede is dat verskeie gesinsvorme as lewensvatbaar bevind is. Die gesinsvorm onder bestudering is die beplande lesbiese gesin. Hierdie was ’n verkennende studie wat gefokus het op die beskrywing van lesbiese ouers se sielkundige ervaring van beplande lesbiese moederskap. Daar is gebruik gemaak van ’n feministies-fenomenologiese benadering om die verhale van 10 lesbiese paartjies te verkry. Hulle ervarings word onder vier adelings bespreek, naamlik; die besluit om moeders te word; die werklike proses om moeders te word; moederskap ervarings; en die verwagte en werklike reaksies tot lesbiese moederskap van lesbiese families en kinders van lesbiese moeders. Noemenswaardige bevindings onthul die besluitneming betrokke om moeders te word; die invloed wat die tipe skenker op die paartjie en hulle kind het; die vreugde en vereistes van kinders grootmaak; die regverdige verdeling van kindersorg en huishoudelike take; die belangrikheid van lewensmaat ondersteuning; die krag van kinders se band met sosiale en aangenome moeders; die samelewing se tekort aan ouerlike bekragtiging; die kwessie van homofobie en die voorbereiding van hulle kinders hierteen. Dit wil voorkom of lesbiese moeders moeders in baie opsigte dieselfde ervaar as heteroseksuele moeders, behalwe dat hulle nie so alleen en geïsoleerd voorkom nie. Die studie se voorneme was nie net om die ervarings van lesbiese moeders te verken nie, maar ook om aan hulle ’n stem te bied binne die sielkundige literatuur en om te streef na die aanvaarding van uiteenlopende gesinsvorme binne hoofstroom sielkunde asook die breër Suid-Afrikaanse gemeenskap.
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Aviram-Freedman, Eilat. ""Making oranges from lemons": experiences of support of South African Jewish senior citizens following the emigration of their children." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Family is widely expected to be the main source of support for Senior Citizens and, like many religions and cultures, the Jewish tradition has expectations of filial obligations of care. South Africa and its Jewish community have experienced increased emigration over the last decade resulting in many Senior Citizens remaining in South Africa after all their children have emigrated. A phenomenological methodology was used in this study, with the aim of gaining more understanding, firstly about what is experienced by Senior Citizens as beneficial and not beneficial in regards to support in general and secondly about the challenges of later stages of life from Senior Citizens&rsquoperspective, especially without expected support of offspring. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight Jewish women, aged over 75, who find themselves in such a position. Their experiences are described in terms of social, practical, emotional and spiritual support as well as in terms of the contextual experiences that necessitate support. The overall experience was found to be one of managing aloneness and dealing with the loss of family and its accompanying sense of belonging. It includes constantly missing one&rsquo
s family, trying to keep in satisfyingly regular contact and trying to comprehend, justify and accept their emigration in terms of expected intergenerational roles. It demands adjusting to constant changes in supports and in one&rsquo
s independence and identity and finding the motivation to strive to remain alive and discover meaning in the painful situation. In the face of all this, there is also a discovery of previously unsuspected new strengths in being able to cope with these difficulties and an exciting new sense of liberation in catering only for oneself. A model of perceived Ideal Support was uncovered comprising a hierarchy of needs within such support, including
Consistency, Reliability, Role Fulfilment, Desire to Support, Respect, Dignity, Enabled Independence, Affection, Like-Mindedness and Belonging.
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Chatterjee, Vaswati. "Disasters, Smart Growth and Economic Resilience: An Empirical Analysis of Florida Cities." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1538665/.
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This dissertation examines the relationship between economic resilience, disaster experience, and smart growth policies at the local government level. The study is based upon three research questions that examine spatial distribution of economic resilience in Florida cities, and examines the impact of disaster experience, and smart growth policies adopted by local governments on economic resilience. Based upon the bounce-forward approach (Cowell, 2013; Klein et al. 2003), economic resilience is defined using three dimensions—economic stability, economic equity, and economic diversity. The spatial analysis is conducted by mapping economic resilience scores across 780 Census Designated Places in Florida through standard deviation method of classification, and conducting cluster-outlier analysis. Results suggest difference in economic resilience within coastal and inland communities—with higher scores mostly situated inland. East Central Florida, Tampa Bay, and South Florida were identified as high economic resilience clusters, and Northwest Florida was identified as low resilience cluster. Impact of disaster experience, and smart growth policies on economic resilience was examined based upon logic of focusing events by Birkland (1997, 2010). Data was collected from the U.S. Census, the National Climatic Data Center, and the Energy Sustainable Florida Communities Survey conducted by Florida State University in 2009. Results suggest significant association between disaster experience of communities and their level of economic resilience, highlighting the importance of community learning in building capacity for resilience after disasters. The results also highlight the need of balancing mitigation and adaptation strategies. Mixed-use development policies, green building certification, and energy savings policies were found to have a significant positive impact on economic resilience.
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Bailey, Susan Ruth. "Causes, effects, and implications of subletting : experiences from low-income neighborhoods in Third World cities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/71064.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1987.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-101).
In recent years increasing numbers of low-income families in Third World cities have found it necessary to share housing accommodation. Those with access to land may be unable to afford to build their house or to pay the fees associated with their housing (particularly in upgrading or sites & service projects). Families who entered the market later may be unable to buy land as a result of tightening markets. Government has interests in this process because, while it takes away aspects of their control in sponsored projects, it produces new housing stock with a minimum of government's financial or administrative resources,and without consuming government owned land or the land of powerful political constituents. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first explores the interests of government in subletting. The second looks at the housing needs of landlord-occupants and renters in the present context. And, the third examines three mechanisms of subletting: commodification of housing, consolidation (as both a prerequisite to and result of subletting), and architectural design as an agent in the occurrence of subletting.
by Susan Ruth Bailey.
M.Arch.
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Neto, João Soares de Oliveira. "Inclusive smart cities: theory and tools to improve the experience of people with disabilities in urban spaces." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-30012019-090025/.
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Cities have employed technologies in several domains to improve the delivery of public services, attend citizens\' demands, and measure the consumption of natural resources. Known as Smart Cities, these initiatives aim to increase the overall citizens\' quality of life, and they have already had a positive impact on the way citizens interact with urban spaces, services, and with each other. On the other hand, urban spaces can be considered as a threat to the independence and autonomy of people with disabilities. In fact, according to the Social Approach, disability is not in the individual, but in society and the environment, which does not provide adequate conditions for the individual to fully participate and be a citizen of social, professional, educational, recreational activities, and so on. Society and the environment need to be corrected and their deficiencies compensated to include a significant portion of the population that is excluded from a range of activities when their abilities are not addressed in urban communication processes. Although this group of citizens has gained access to education, work and leisure, it is necessary to confront the city and all its challenges in order to enjoy these rights. In order to extend the benefits of Smart Cities to people with disabilities, we first proposed the idea of an Inclusive Smart City, which employs Smart Cities technology to provide a better urban experience for people with disabilities while overcoming accessibility barriers in urban spaces. To achieve this goal, we began using a multi-instrument approach to collect data from different stakeholders - people with disabilities, professionals that work with people with disabilities, accessibility-related experts, and policymakers -, aiming at understanding the obstacles that people with disabilities face when they are moving around the city, the strategies they use to solve unexpected problems, and how they interact with other people and with urban facilities. Based on an empirical observation, literature review and results collected using this multiinstrument approach, we first defined Inclusive Smart Cities. Then, we proposed some tools to support practitioners and researchers involved in the development of digital urban assistive technologies with the Inclusive Smart City\'s vision in mind: a list of requirements, a political structure, an implementation/operation methodology, a business model, a conceptual model, and a system architecture. According to the conceptual model we introduced, people with disabilities are able to interact with inclusive smart objects that are available in urban spaces to obtain information about the environment around them, enabling them to navigate and explore cities in an innovative way. In Inclusive Smart Cities, inclusive smart objects provide people with disabilities with user-adapted information and services, focusing on the individuals\' abilities rather than their disabilities. Moreover, the system architecture is based on equipping users and the environment with smart technologies, aiming at supporting a symbiotic relationship between citizens and inclusive smart objects, a web-based user interface to enable public agents and local authorities to register and maintain the information required by the Inclusive Smart City platform, and the Cloud infrastructure, responsible for storing system data and processing user requests. Finally, we further demonstrated a Proof of Concept to assess the experience that people with disabilities would have when using an Inclusive Smart City solution. To accomplish that, we mapped a block of Paulista Avenue, in São Paulo, Brazil, as a sequence of QR codes. In a simulated circuit, when users read each code, they received location-based information and services related to the object linked to the code. The participants evaluated the UrbanAssist application positively and recognized the relevance of the functionalities and resources provided by the application, which gave them an inventive interface to explore the urban environment in a new, safer and effective way. In conclusion, this new technology has the potential not only to improve the independence and autonomy of people with disabilities in urban spaces, but also to enable them to play a proactive role in society as a whole.As cidades têm empregado a tecnologia em diversos segmentos a fim de melhorar a qualidade de serviços prestados, para atender as demandas dos cidadãos, e para medir o consumo de recursos naturais. Conhecidas como Cidades Inteligentes, estas iniciativas buscam aumentar a qualidade de vida dos cidadãos, e já têm causado impactos positivos na maneira como os indivíduos interagem com o espaço urbano, com serviços, e com outros indivíduos. Por outro lado, o espaço urbano ainda é considerado como uma ameaça à autonomia e à independência de pessoas com deficiência. De fato, segundo o Modelo Social, a deficiência não está no indivíduo, mas na sociedade e no ambiente, que não fornecem condições apropriadas para que o cidadão participe inteiramente de atividades sociais, profissionais, educacionais, recreativas etc. A sociedade e o ambiente precisam ser corrigidos e suas deficiências compensadas para que ocorra a inclusão de uma parcela considerável da população que é excluída de uma série de atividades quando suas habilidades não são consideradas nos processos de comunicação urbanos. Embora esses cidadãos tenham ganhado acesso a educação, trabalho e lazer, o acesso pleno a esses direitos exige ter que lidar com o espaço urbano e todos os seus desafios. Com o objetivo de estender os benefícios das Cidades Inteligentes às pessoas com deficiência, inicialmente propomos o conceito de Cidades Inteligentes Inclusivas, que utiliza tecnologias das Cidades Inteligentes a fim de fornecer às pessoas com deficiência uma melhor experiência urbana ao mitigar as barreiras de acessibilidade nas cidades. A fim de alcançar este objetivo, utilizamos um método multi-instrumentos para coletar dados de diferentes interessados nesta temática - pessoas com deficiência, profissionais que trabalham na área, especialistas em acessibilidade, e criadores de políticas públicas - para melhor entender os obstáculos que as pessoas com deficiência enfrentam quando estão se locomovendo nos centros urbanos, as estratégias que eles usam para resolver problemas inesperados, e como eles interagem com outras pessoas e com os objetos e instalações urbanas. Baseado em observação empírica, em revisão da literatura, e nos resultados coletados pelo método multi-instrumentos, elaboramos a definição de Cidades Inteligentes Inclusivas e propomos algumas ferramentas para apoiarem autoridades governamentais, profissionais e pesquisadores envolvidos com o desenvolvimento de tecnologias assistivas urbanas digitais: uma lista de requisitos, estrutura política, metodologia de implantação e funcionamento, modelo de negócios, e uma arquitetura de sistema. De acordo com o modelo conceitual que apresentamos, as pessoas com deficiência são capazes de interagir com objetos inteligentes inclusivos no espaço urbano a fim de obter informações a respeito do ambiente ao redor, o que possibilita navegar e explorar nas cidades de uma maneira inovadora. Nas Cidades Inteligentes Inclusivas, os objetos inteligentes inclusivos fornecem às pessoas com deficiência informações e serviços adaptados às habilidades de cada usuário. A arquitetura do sistema é baseada em equipar os usuários e o ambiente com tecnologias inteligentes; uma interface web que permite a agentes públicos e autoridades municipais a cadastrar e manter as informações necessárias ao funcionamento da Cidade Inteligente Inclusiva; e pela infraestrutura da Cloud, que é responsável por armazenar os dados do sistema e por processar as requisições dos usuários. Finalmente, demonstramos com uma Prova de Conceito a avaliação da experiência de usuário que indivíduos com deficiência têm ao usar soluções concebidas com a visão de uma Cidade Inteligente Inclusiva. Para tanto, mapeamos como QR codes os objetos e prédios de um quarteirão da Avenida Paulista, em São Paulo. Num circuito simulado, ao ler cada código os usuários recebem com informações baseadas na localização do objeto lido e os serviços associados ao objeto. Os participantes avaliaram positivamente a aplicação Urban Assist e reconheceram a relevância das funcionalidades e recursos disponibilizados pela aplicação, que lhes proporcionaram uma interface inovadora para explorar o ambiente urbano de uma maneira mais segura e eficaz. Concluindo, essa nova tecnologia tem o potencial não somente de melhorar a independência e autonomia de pessoas com deficiência no espaço urbanos, mas, também de prover estes usuários com a possibilidade de desempenharem o papel de cidadãos proativos.
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Ong, Chinlim. "Privatization of sewage treatment in China's coast cities : environmental policies, international experience, and policy implications for Guangzhou." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38377.
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Urssi, Nelson José. "Metacidade: projeto, bigdata e urbanidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16134/tde-01062017-154915/.
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As tecnologias de informação e comunicação em todas as instâncias de nosso cotidiano modificam nossa maneira de viver e pensar. A computação urbana, ubíqua, locativa, multimídia e interconectada gera grande quantidade de dados o que resulta em abundância de informação sobre quase tudo em nosso mundo. As cidades permeadas por sensores pessoais, veiculares e ambientais adquirem características sencientes. Uma cidade sensível ao cidadão pode funcionar com estratégias individualizadas para o dia a dia. A tese discute o papel das cidades na complexidade de nossas vidas, o inter-relacionamento de equipamentos físicos (hardware), modelos simbólicos (software) e padrões de uso (aplicações), e os desafios de projeto para esse ecossistema global de informação híbrida. Apresenta investigação netnográfica, por meio de estudos de caso, explorações urbanas e entrevistas, em que se pode observar nossa condição contemporânea. Concluímos com a hipótese constatada na tese, a cidade atualizada em tempo real, um ecossistema informacional urbano de novas e infinitas possibilidades de interfaces e interações.The technologies of information and communication in all the instances of our daily life modifies the way we live and think. Urban computing, ubiquitous, locative, multimídia and interconnected, generates a large amount of data, resulting in an abundance of information on almost everything in our world. Cities permeated by personal, vehicular and environmental sensors acquire sentient characteristics. A citizen-sensitive city can work with individualized day-to-day strategies. The thesis discusses the role of cities and the complexity of our lives, the interrelationship of hardware, symbolic models and patterns of use (applications), and the design challenges to this global hybrid information ecosystem. It presents netnographic research, through case studies, urban explorations and interviews, where one can observe our presente contemporary condition. The hypothesis verified in the thesis, the city updated in real time, an urban informational ecosystem of new and infinite possibilities of interfaces and interactions.
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Wedderburn, Nadine V. "Managing Small-Medium Cities in a Time of Globalization: Experiences and Evidence from Florida’s Public Managers." FIU Digital Commons, 2009. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/308.
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This study examines how public management practitioners in small and medium-sized Florida cities perceive globalization and its impact on public management practice. Using qualitative analysis, descriptive statistics and factor analysis methods, data obtained from a survey and semi-structured interviews were studied to comprehend how public managers view the management and control of their municipalities in a time of globalization. The study shows that the public managers’ perceptions of globalization and its impact on public management in Florida’s small-medium cities are nuanced. Whereas some public managers feel that globalization has significant impacts on municipalities’ viability, others opine that globalization has no local impact. The study further finds that globalization processes are perceived as altering the public management functions of decision-making, economic development and service delivery in some small-medium cities in Florida as a result of transnational shifts, rapidly changing technologies, and municipalities’ heightened involvement in the global economy. The study concludes that the globalization discourse does not resonate among some public managers in Florida’s small-medium cities in ways implied in extant literature.
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Schmidt, Jonathan A. "The historical experience of Cheswold a methodology for the research of fragmentary landscapes in Delaware /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 107 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1251898991&Fmt=7&clientId=79356&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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IGNÁCIO, JOCELENE DE ASSIS. "DOCTORS, BUT NO-CITIZENS?: INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCES OF PROFESSIONALS LIVING ON THE SLUM AREA OF JACAREZINHO: RIO DE JANEIRO, FROM 2000 TO 2009." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21325@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROEste estudo trata de trajetórias acadêmicas e profissionais de estudantes de ensino superior residentes em espaços favelizados. O objeto empírico deste trabalho é composto pela experiência um grupo de profissionais de nível superior, moradores da favela do Jacarezinho, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo deste estudo é o de compreender o alcance e os limites da educação superior enquanto um dos mecanismos de garantia aos direitos de cidadania, com ênfase nos moradores de espaços favelizados no Rio de Janeiro. Os colaboradores apresentados neste trabalho são egressos do ensino superior do Rio de Janeiro, que ingressaram no Pré-vestibular para Negros e Carentes (PVNC) após o ano 2000. Dentre eles há profissionais que conquistaram posições nas principais universidades do Estado, particularmente em cursos considerados de alto perfil acadêmico e elevado valor social e simbólico, tais como: Direito, Psicologia e Engenharia. Residentes em espaços favelizados e oriundos de famílias de baixa renda, estes indivíduos contrariam certo ―determinismo social amplamente aceito, que prevê o fracasso pessoal, acadêmico e/ou profissional dos indivíduos pertencentes a este grupo. Entretanto, a hipótese que norteia este trabalho é a de que a passagem pelo ensino superior, por si só, não afiança aos moradores de espaços favelizados - majoritariamente afros descendentes -, a garantia aos direitos de cidadania, uma realidade que demonstra os limites de uma das principais apostas políticas dos movimentos de resistência social contemporâneos.
This study deals with academic and professional experiences of ex-graduate students living in slum areas in Brazil. This research has its focus on a group of professionals that are residents of the Jacarezinho favela of Rio de Janeiro. The goal of this work is to know the effectiveness and the limits of higher education as a mechanism to ensure civil rights, with emphasis on the professional slum area residents of Rio de Janeiro. The individuals presented in this work are graduate from Rio de Janeiro colleges, who enrolled in the Prep-course for the Black and the Poor (PVNC) after the year 2000. Among them there are professionals that earned their places in the most prestigious universities of Rio de Janeiro, particularly in carreers considered of high academic profile, social and symbolic value, such as: Law School, Psychology and Engineering. As residents of slum areas and members of low income families, these individuals denied the largely accepted ―social determinism‖ that prescribes personal, academic and professional failure for the members of this social group. However, the hypothesis that guides this work is that the access to higher education, alone, does not ensure to the slum area residents — mostly African-descendents— their civil rights, a reality that exposes the limits of one of the most important political agendas of contemporary social resistance movements.
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Dickson, Annie. "An exploration of the psycho-social responses and adaptations of citizens to the experience of conflict between consumerist and environmental values in the UK." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516191.
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Boyle, Patricia. "Exploring Potential Connections between Philadelphia-Area Catholic High School Experiences and Graduates' Later Life Pathways| Are These Schools Helping to Shape Service-Oriented Citizens?" Thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10600942.
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As the continuous search for educational alternatives in Philadelphia intensifies, one only has to look at the current landscape, our surrounding communities, and fiscal pressures to appreciate the need for better alternatives to our public system. This study examines one such “alternative,” though long-standing education model, Philadelphia’s Catholic schools. Within these schools, perhaps we have leaders and a system that may be positioned to play an even greater role in providing a set of experiences that may impact the later life pathways of graduates, potentially predisposing them to community or civic service interests in their adult lives. I have completed an analysis of recollections of Catholic high school graduates across multiple graduation eras and collected insights from their narratives, to help illuminate those potential connection points. Further, unlike many previous longitudinal and correlational studies, in both Catholic and secular schools, I have conducted qualitative research to map earlier student experiences to current-day life practices and dispositions. Through surveys, one-on-one interviews and a focus group with graduates of Philadelphia’s area high schools, I am surfacing findings to determine if graduates are embracing certain values from their experiences and whether and how this may have helped shaped their civic and community interests years later.
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Okari, Jeremiah Moruri. "A Phenomenological Inquiry into the Experiences of Kenyan International Students in US Graduate Schools in the Twin Cities, Minnesota." Thesis, Saint Mary's University of Minnesota, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125252.
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This hermeneutic phenomenological study sought to investigate the nature of graduate experience of Kenyan international students in the Twin Cities area in Minnesota. International students seek high education in the United States for various reasons including; access to quality education, research infrastructure, employment, prestige, and exposure. A review of literature showed that Kenyan students while appreciative of the opportunity to study in the US face challenges not limited to; cultural conflicts, discrimination, emotional stress, and financial difficulties. A purposeful sample was employed to collected data from 21 participants using interviews and focus groups.
From the data analysis five themes emerged, namely; (a) Positive educational experience reinforced by enabling environment, (b) Graduate experience enhanced by favorable opportunities, (c) Hardships and struggles impede graduate experience, (d) Strong social relationships foster academic performance, and (e) Nurturing resiliency and discipline for educational success. The findings suggested that despite the many challenges, availability of strong supportive relationships and abundance of university resources significantly influence the transformative graduate experience for Kenyan students in the United States. Moreover, the findings raised awareness and demonstrated the need for stakeholders such as: educators, faculty members, counselors, recruiters, and university administrators to address the unique needs of Kenyan students, and other subgroups of international students, in the U.S. higher education system.
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Kou, Yongxia. "The Impacts of Urban Renewal: The Residents' Experiences in Qianmen, Beijing, China." PDXScholar, 2013. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1497.
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The study examines the influences of the Qianmen urban renewal project on its original residents, which is one of a few demonstration projects under the new policy orientation of urban renewal practices in Beijing, China, entering the new century. It employs "residential satisfaction" as an evaluative indicator to understand the residents' experiences before and after urban renewal. Seventy-two residents were interviewed. Among them, 25 remained in Qianmen; 20 relocated to Hongshan, a neighborhood in the central city area; 21 moved to Longyue, a neighborhood in one of the suburban areas; and 6 residents relocated to other locations.
The study found that the participants' level of residential satisfaction was skewed toward dissatisfaction before the urban renewal, whereas participants showed a much higher satisfaction level after the urban renewal, which means that overall the Qianmen urban renewal project had positive impacts on the residents' residential environment. However, among the three neighborhoods, there are no statistically significant differences. The policy arrangements of the Qianmen urban renewal project contribute to the results. Under the new policy orientation, the policy arrangements of the Qianmen urban renewal project featured a government-led approach with a large amount of public investment, which formed a good basis to provide better compensation to the residents, in particular to provide extra aid to low income residents. Therefore, the residents got their housing conditions improved to a large extent contributing to their higher level of residential satisfaction after the project was implemented. Because of the extra aid, the low income residents were even more satisfied than the middle-high income residents. On the other hand, the policy arrangements took into account the opinions of the original residents, in other words, most residents made their own decision about where to live after the urban renewal. In this circumstance, they actually saw the urban renewal as an opportunity to improve their residential environment, in spite of the fact that the urban renewal project was initiated by the municipal government. Therefore residents stayed or relocated voluntarily, which significantly predicts the resulting higher level of residential satisfaction. The findings in the Qianmen case remind us that we do need a more open, balanced perspective for analysis of urban renewal processes and outcomes, rather than a predominantly negative displacement view embedded in a gentrification discourse; and that policy arrangements toward more redistribution and social equity are more likely to achieve positive outcomes for disadvantaged people.
However, the improvements in unit size and housing quality are the main achievements of the urban renewal. Many residents still face the shortage of community facilities in the short run, and in the long run they might continue to suffer from poorer accessibility to public facilities and other resources. Furthermore, the urban renewal inevitably caused social disturbances for many residents, in particular for disadvantaged people (low income residents, and the elderly, etc), although the negative impacts of relocation on social networks were mitigated by the benefits of escaping the social conflicts and annoyance in the original neighborhood, and were compensated by the improved housing conditions. Generally, the key argument of this study is that policy makers need to pay more attention to the disadvantaged class; in other words, the government needs to assume its role more actively in redistribution and social equity.