Journal articles: 'Cirrhinus mrigala'

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Sikandar, Muhammad Atif, Zaigham Hassan, Abdul Basit, Raees Khan, and Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir. "Virtual Analysis on Proximate Body Composition of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i1.105-109.2812.

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Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala are the two Indian major carps and chief components of polyculture system in the local population. Proximate body composition is the analysis of water, fat, protein and ash contents of fish. Values are vary considerably within and between species, size, sexual condition, feeding season and physical activity. The percentage of water is a good indicator of its relative contents of energy, proteins and lipids. Determination of some proximate profiles such as protein content, lipid, ash and other nutrients is often necessary to ensure that they are within the range of dietary requirement and commercial specifications. Based on this background the present study was aimed to evaluate the nutritional value of some major craps (Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala) fishes of Peshawar Carp Hatchery and training centre Sherabad. The proximate composition of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala samples were determined and data was evaluated statistically by performing t-test through Sigma Plot and graphs were made by using Graph Pad Prism. The average value of crude protein for Cirrhinus mrigala was found higher than Labeo rohita (51.7% and 39.04%) similarly the water contents were also found higher in Cirrhinus mrigala than Labeo rohita (75.88% and 73.95%). The average value of dry matter and muscle fats contents were lowered in Cirrhinus mrigala than Labeo rohita (24.11% and 26.04%) and (13.00% and 13.45%) respectively. However, the ash contents were similar in both of experimental species (23.91% and 23.93%). From these results, it is concluded that both Cirrhinus mrigala than Labeo rohita are very proteineous and have low fats contents so it is very good for the health of consumers. Further research is recommended on the other parameters and miss rays of this work.

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Dumpala, Sridhar, Vivek Chintada, A. Govardhan Naik, Mohan Rao S, Vijayadeepika R, K. Veeraiah, and Kakarlapudi Ramaneswari. "Evaluating The Suitability of Cirrhinus Mrigala in a Sintex Tank Culture System: A Promising Experimental Study." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, no. 4 (November 8, 2023): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i4.1639.

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This pioneering study conducted by the Department of Aquaculture aimed to assess the suitability of Cirrhinus Mrigala, a freshwater species, for cultivation in a Sintex tank. The objective was to determine the growth potential and productivity of Cirrhinus Mrigala in this specific tank culture system. Over a period of 60 days, the final weights of the fish specimens were recorded as follows: 2.0g, 4.30g, 6.96g, 9.98g, 11.21g, and 14.17g, respectively. The total fish yield achieved during this period was 437.58 grams, utilizing a natural feeding regime. This study provides valuable insights as the first investigation in this domain, revealing promising indications for the implementation of Sintex tank culture for Cirrhinus Mrigala cultivation.

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Madhu, Devarapaga, Bhaskar Singh, and Yogesh C. Sharma. "Studies on application of fish waste for synthesis of high quality biodiesel." RSC Adv. 4, no. 59 (2014): 31462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra03590a.

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Shahbaz Azhar, Muhammad, Muhammad Zubair Anjum, Shamim Akhter, Shaista Bibi, Muhammad Qayash Khan, and Fatima Rasool. "Effect of Temperature Fluctuation on the Indian Major Carp Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala Larvae under a Controlled Environment." Jammu Kashmir Journal of Agriculture 2, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.56810/jkjagri.002.03.0044.

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Major carp i.e., Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigala (Cirrhinus mrigala) are economically very important and commonly cultured in Indian subcontinent. In Pakistan aquatic organisms especially, freshwater species are facing many environmental problems such as variation in weather pattern. Temperature fluctuation is pervasive and most common environmental factor that is very distressing for major carps. The larvae of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala were treated with different temperatures 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 33 and 35 °C following 28 °C acclimation temperature. Thermal variation rate was recorded 2 °C/day. Death rate of both species larvae was observed. In temperature group 10 °C, 15% and 64% mortality of Labeo rohita was observed while, in Cirrhinus mrigala 16% and 66% mortality was recorded at 14 and 10 °C respectively. When larvae of both species were exposed to 10-20 °C, significantly (P < 0.05) maximum death rate was observed at this temperature as compared to other experimental groups. Cumulative death rate of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala were recorded 84, 43, 22, 16, 1, 2, 3% and 86, 45, 23, 17, 1, 2, 4% in 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 33, 35 °C temperature groups, respectively. All larvae of both species died within 2 days at temperature group 10 °C and continued to die at temperature groups 15 °C and 20 °C up to 11 days. Both species larval mortality persisted in temperature groups at 25 °C up to 18 days. Simple regression analysis was applied for thermal range (T < 28 °C and T > 28 °C), variation in death per fall and elevation of ∆T = 1 °C was measured in the log-linear regression model framework. When water temperature dropped from acclimation temperature 28 °C, the accumulative death of larvae for 1 °C decrease of temperature from acclimation one, significantly (P < 0.05) was calculated in both species. When water temperature elevated from 28 °C, less steep beta coefficient was observed in Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala. 1 °C elevation of water temperature from acclimation temperature 28 °C, the accumulative death in Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala were (P > 0.05) obtained

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Paul, B. N., S. Sarkar, and S. N. Mohanty. "Dietary vitamin E requirement of mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala fry." Aquaculture 242, no. 1-4 (December 2004): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.08.037.

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Rahman, MR, MS Rahman, MGQ Khan, and S. Mostary. "Suitability of Mahseer Tor putitora (Hamilton) in Polyculture with Indian Major Carps." Progressive Agriculture 18, no. 2 (March 4, 2014): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18194.

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An experiment on polyculture of mahseer with Indian major carps at same stocking density was carried out for a period of 10 months from February 1 to December 1, 2004 in six experimental ponds. There were three treatments with two replicates each. Treatment 1 was designed with catla (Catla catla), rohu (Labeo rohita) and mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), treatment 2 with catla (Catla catla), rohu (Labeo rohita) and mahseer (Tor putitora) while treatment 3 with catla (Catla catla), rohu (Labeo rohita), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) and mahseer (Tor putitora). Mahseer of the treatment 2 was introduced instead of mrigal of treatment 1 and 50% of mrigal was replaced with mahseer in treatment 3. The stocking density in all the treatments was 30 fish/decimal (7500 fish/ha). The feeds were supplied at the rate of 3-7% of the body weight of fish. The gross and net productions recorded were 5362.78 and 5188.64, 5431.42 and 5262.32, 5357.11 and 5528.74 kg/ha/yr in treatments 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Though there was no significant difference (p>0.05) among the three treatments using ANOVA but the production in treatment-3 was slightly higher than treatments 1 and treatment 2. However, there was no negative effect of mahseer on the growth and production of Indian major carps. So, it can be concluded that polyculture of mahseer with Indian major carps (catla, rohu and mrigal) can be done in ponds.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18194 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 175 - 182, 2007

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Bhattacharjya, B. K., B. J. Saud, V. K. Verma, D. Debnath, D. Kumar, A. K. Yadav, S. Yengkokpam, and U. K. Sarkar. "Occurrence of functional single-lobed ovary in Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton,1822) brood fish from Assam, India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 2477–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i4.1556.

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Occurrence of abnormally developed gonads in fish is rather more uncommon in freshwater fish than marine fish. It is therefore worthwhile to disseminate the information of occurrence of a single-lobed ovary in Cirrhinus mrigala brood fish as an abnormal phenomenon. During April 2011 to March 2013, around 500 brood fish samples of Indian major carps (Labeo rohita, Catla and C. mrigala) were collected from different government and private fish farms of Assam and Tripura located in the Northeast of India. Among them, one C. mrigala specimen measuring 41 cm in total length and 640 g in weight collected from Ulubari fish seed farm of Guwahati, Assam during June, 2012 was found to have a single-lobed ovary instead of the normal bilobed structure. The ovary occupied the entire body cavity and the majority of ova were round and translucent. The ovary contributed substantially to the total body weight with gonado-somatic index of 32.81 which was the highest among all the mrigal specimens examined. The study indicates possibility of artificially inducing development of single-lobed ovary in C. mrigala for achieving possible higher spawn outputs in induced breeding of the cultivable species.

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Gayatri, Acharya, and Prafulla Mohanty K. "Comparative Haemato-Biochemical Studies on Cirrhinus mrigala and Cirrhinus reba." Indian Journal of Biology 5, no. 12 (2015): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijb.2394.1391.2115.3.

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Nazir, Sadia, Sheeza Bano, Muhammad Asghar, Aamna Batool, and Sadaf Hameed. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND MEAT CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HEALTHY AND INFECTED CIRRHINUS MRIGALA, AND (LABEO ROHITA X CIRRHINUS MRIGALA) HYBRID WITH ABDOMINAL DROPSY DISEASE." JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR GENETICS 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/jmmg.v3i2.57.

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The current study has been conducted for investigating effects of Aeromonas hydrophila infection on haematological indices of Cirrhinus mrigala, and Labeo rohita×Cirrhinus mrigala (hybrid). However, some haematological indices, including those for healthy and infected fish, were measured in two adult groups of Indian major carps. Our findings showed that infected fish had significantly lower values for red blood cells, white blood cells, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophils, basophils, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and platelet count (p<0.05) as compared to healthy fish. Meat chemical analysis values were also shown significant (p<0.05) both in infected and healthy fish. In conclusion, our findings concluded that Aeromonas hydrophila can alter the haematology of Indian major carps to affect their health.

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Dash, Polash Chandra, Nahid Sultana, Khandker Nesar Ahmed, Mahmuda Begum, Shankar Chandra Mandal, and Anwar Hossain. "Effects of feeds on growth performance and nutritional composition of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings." Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v24i2.46326.

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Effects of four different feeds on growth and nutrient composition of mrigal fingerlings (Cirrhinus mrigala) were evaluated. After 30 days of rearing growth parameters and quality of fish flesh were examined. During the rearing period, the change in growth and feed utilization by the mrigal fed with feeds have been assessed as condition factor (K), average daily gain (ADG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR).The highest FCR (6.23 ± 0.59) was found in the treatment 4 while the lowest (3.08 ± 0.10) in the treatment 1. The condition factor was highest (0.89 ± 0.01) in treatment 1 while the lowest (0.81 ± 0.05) in the treatment 4. After 30 days of rearing, moisture content of mrigal in different treatments was 77.2, 78.41, 76.99 and 77.86% in treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Protein was 17.15, 15.89, 16.90 and 14.76% in treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Lipid was 2.07, 2.22, 2.25 and 2.85% and ash content was 3.58, 3.48, 3.88 and 4.53% in four (1, 2, 3 and 4) treatments, respectively. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(2): 153-159, 2015 (July)

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Kumar, G. Praveen, G. V. S. Reddy, K. Dhanapal, P. Hari Babu, and T. Sandhya Rani. "Quality Changes of Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) during Different Stages of Rigor Mortis." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 12 (December 10, 2017): 3242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.612.377.

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Azhar, Muhammad Shahbaz, Muhammad Zubair Anjum, Shamim Akhter, Muhammad Qayash Khan, Ahmad Ali, Misbah Farooq, and Shaista Bibi. "Degree-hours to spawning response, fertilization rate and hatching of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala through induced breeding under hatchery environment." Journal of Zoo Biology 5, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 09–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/zoobiol.005.01.4487.

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Major carp is a group of fish species commonly cultured in Indian Subcontinent. Fish is the major source of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. With the robust increase in human population, the demand of food is also increasing. To overcome the food, demand many food sectors are working in line to cope with the protein requirements management of brood stock and successful breeding is also very important. Estimation of degree-hours for the spawning response, hatching of brood stock and their fertilization rate, hatching rate of fish eggs is one of the major aspects of hatchery management. Degree-hours is a standard unit that is used to measure the heat requirement for spawning and hatching while data is scarce for many species. The current study was designed to investigate the degree-hours to spawning and hatching for major carps i.e., Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigala (Cirrhinus mrigala) during May to August 2022 at Punjab Fish Seed Hatchery, Rawal Town Islamabad, Pakistan. Two triplets (one male and two females) of each species were selected for induced breeding. Ovaprim was administrated at the rate of 0.5ml/kg for female and 0.2ml/kg for male to stimulate ovulation and spermitation respectively. Both species showed ovulation rate (100%). Spawning was occurred after 9.35±0.4299 hours in Rohu and in Mrigala 10.18±0.4393 hours at average water temperature of 26.3±0.575. Degree-hours to spawning in Rohu and Mrigala were calculated as 248.6±9.35 and 264.6±5.625 respectively. Higher fertilization rate (87.23±2.029%) and hatching rate (84.88±1.7747%) were observed in Mrigala (Cirrhinus mrigala) as compared to Rohu (Labeo rohita) i.e. (85.75±1.856%) and (81.75±1.525%) respectively. Hatching activity proceeded rapidly in Rohu and completed in 741.025±14.532 degree-hours while, in Mrigala it occurred in 778.43±9.1972 degree-hours. This was a first documented report on effect of degree-hours on induced breeding of indigenous carps of Pakistan i.e., Rohu and Mrigala under controlled hatchery environment.

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Asad, Farkhanda, Samina Qamer, Asma Ashraf, Azhar Rafique, Zunaira Shaheen, Ayesha Nisar, and Sidra Javaid. "Apparent nutrient digestibility of carbohydrate (corn) in Cirrhinus mrigala under the influence of chromium chloride hexahydrate." Brazilian Journal of Biology 80, no. 3 (September 2020): 518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.214176.

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Abstract A feeding trial was carried out to assess the effect of dietary chromium supplementation on apparent nutrient digestibility coefficient (%) of gelatinized and non-gelatinized corn in Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings for 90 days. Using various levels of chromium chloride hexahydrate six test diets designated as T1 (G/0.0 Cr2Cl3.6H2O mg Kg-1), T2 (NG/0.0 Cr2Cl3.6H2O mg Kg-1), T3 (G/0.2 Cr2Cl3.6H2O mg Kg-1), T4 (NG/0.2 Cr2Cl3.6H2O mg Kg-1), T5 (G/0.4 Cr2Cl3.6H2O mg Kg-1) and T6 (NG/0.4 Cr2Cl3.6H2O mg Kg-1) were prepared. Results showed highest apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of nutrients dry matter, crude lipid and gross energy in test diet T5 that was gelatinized and supplemented with chromium 0.4 mg/Kg while, for crude protein higher value of nutrient digestibility was recorded in T3 test diet (G/0.2 Cr2Cl3.6H2O mg/Kg). It was concluded that chromium supplementation with gelatinized corn in fish (Cirrhinus mrigala) diet can improve the nutrients digestibility more efficiently.

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Doulaha, Mohammad Ashaf Ud, Mohammad Harun Or Rashida, SM Majharul Islam, Mohammad Shadiqur Rahmana, Md Shariful Islam, and Nur A. Raushon. "Growth and survival performance of Mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings in high temperature at laboratory condition." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 6, no. 3 (January 1, 2020): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v6i3.44807.

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Global warming is expected to affect the aquatic ecosystem and aquaculture industry. In the current experiment, we have observed growth and water quality of Indian major carp mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) exposed to three different temperature regimes, such as 30, 33 and 36°C representing T1, T2 and T3, respectively for 60 days. One hundred and twenty fish were used, kept in 6 Aquarium, and were exposed to the different temperature. Highest body weight gain and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded at T2. The highest specific growth rate was recorded at T2 followed by T1 and T3. The optimum temperature range for growth was 30 to 33°C. Survival at different acclimation temperatures was between 90.00±0.00, 90.0±0.00 and 75.00±0.00%, from lower to higher acclimation temperatures. Dissolved oxygen decreased and free CO2 increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing temperature, while pH and total alkalinity significantly showed no distinct changes in any temperature conditions. On the other hand, the ammonia levels significantly increased at day 7 in 36°C. Taken altogether, this study confirmed that mrigal feel better growth at 30°C and 33°C, while high temperature is stressful to Indian major carp mrigal. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(3): 415-420, December 2019

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Sharmila S, Arockia, Abhishek Srivastava, and Sachin Onkar Khairnar. "Salinity tolerance and survival of an Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala (mrigal): Feasibility assessment for rearing in inland saline water." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29, no. 01 (2023): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.034.

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An experimental trial was conducted in triplicate to determine the effect of different salinity levels 0 (SA0), 2(SA2), 4(SA4), 6(SA6), 8(SA8) and 10 (SA10) ppt on survival, behaviour, and morphological changes in mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings during short-term rearing in inland saline water in glass aquaria for 10 days. Healthy fingerlings (average length-11.18 cm, average weight-11.05 g) of mrigal, procured from the Instructional cum Research Farm, College of Fisheries, were conditioned for one week at 0 ppt (freshwater) in FRP pools and conditioned fingerlings were gradually acclimated to varying salinities by raising the salinity by 1 ppt hourly and then stocked into glass aquaria of respective salinity levels @ 10 fingerlings aquarium-1. Predetermined salinity levels and the water level were maintained in all the treatments and fish were fed with pelleted feed (crude protein 26.12%) @ 0.5% of fish body weight, once a day, as sustenance ration throughout the experimental period. The results indicated that all the water quality parameters, except temperature, varied significantly (P0.05) across treatments. Furthermore, no fish mortality occurred up to 6 ppt salinity during the experiment. In contrast, survival rates were 93.33% and 86.67% at 8 and 10 ppt salinity, respectively at the termination of the experiment. Normal swimming and feeding (feed intake) behaviour were recorded up to 6 ppt, whereas no adverse morphological changes were observed in fish during the tolerance test in all the treatments. From the above results, it can be concluded that mrigal, C. mrigala can tolerate salinity up to 6 ppt during short term (10 days) rearing in inland saline water.

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Bhatnagar, Anita, Abhay Singh Yadav, and Navneet Cheema. "Genotoxic Effects of Chlorpyrifos in Freshwater Fish Cirrhinus mrigala Using Micronucleus Assay." Advances in Biology 2016 (March 1, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9276963.

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The genotoxicity of pesticides is an issue of worldwide concern and chlorpyrifos is one of the largest selling organophosphate agrochemicals that has been widely detected in surface waters of India. The studies on long term genotoxic biomarkers are limited; therefore, present study was carried out to analyze the incidence of nuclear anomalies in the blood cells of fresh water fish Cirrhinus mrigala using micronucleus (MN) assay as a potential tool for assessment of genotoxicity. Acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos was evaluated by exposing fingerlings to different doses of chlorpyrifos (1/20, 1/10, and 1/5 of LC50) and LC50 was calculated as 0.44 mg L−1 using probit analysis. Blood samples were taken on days 2, 4, 8, 12, 21, 28, and 35. In general, significant effects for both concentration and duration of exposure were observed in treated fish. It was found that MN induction was highest on day 14 at 0.08 mg L−1 concentration of chlorpyrifos. It was concluded that chlorpyrifos is genotoxic pesticide causing nuclear anomalies in Cirrhinus mrigala.

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Rani, T. Sandhya, K. Dhanapal, G. V. S. Reddy, D. R. K. Reddy, K. Sravani, and G. Praveen Kumar. "Quality Assessment of Mince Based Products Made from Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) During Frozen Storage." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 12 (December 10, 2017): 3230–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.612.376.

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Cai, L., Y. Hou, D. Johnson, P. Zhao, and P. Zhang. "Swimming ability and behavior of Mrigal carp Cirrhinus mrigala and application to fishway design." Aquatic Biology 27 (December 12, 2018): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00702.

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Ashaf-Ud-Doulah, Mohammad, Md Shariful Islam, Nafia Binte Ryhan, Shaheed Nasrullah Al Mamun, Kazi Atiah Taiyebi, Sunny Khan Majlish, and Md Salmon Hasan Biplob. "High temperature tolerance limits and changes of hemato-biochemical parameters of mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala." International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 9, no. 6 (November 1, 2021): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/fish.2021.v9.i6b.2590.

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Velmurugan, R., N. Neethiselvan, B. Sundaramoorthy, Xavier Rayan, Kalidoss Radhakrishnan, and M. Kalaiarasan. "Gill net Selectivity and Fishing Pressure on Indian Major Carp in Thirumoorthy Reservoir, Tamil Nadu." Current World Environment 11, no. 2 (August 25, 2016): 554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.11.2.25.

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In present study attempts has been made to document the fishing crafts and gears which operated in Thirumoorthy reservoir, Tamil Nadu. This investigation revealed, the post monsoon season had higher catch per unit effort of 11kg/boat/day by gillnet fishing and about 20 to 30kg/day in cast net. Catla catla has the dominant fish species and accounted about 58% followed by Cirrhinus mrigala (29%), Labeo rohita (12%) and Cyprinus carpio (2%) against the total landings. However, three species including the Tilapia, Rohu and Mrigala were found to constitute fishery in the cast net with mean CPUE of 20 to 30 kg per day.

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Tasawar, Zahida, Salma Khurshid, and Masood Akhtar. "Prevalence of Copepod Ectoparasites of Mori Fish Cirrhinus mrigala." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 2, no. 3 (June 15, 1999): 1060–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.1999.1060.1061.

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Lekeshmanaswamy, M., K. Anusiya devi, and C. A. Vasuki. "Effect of Cypermethrin on a freshwater fish,Cirrhinus mrigala." Advances in Applied Research 7, no. 2 (2015): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2349-2104.2015.00025.x.

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Pradhan, Sunil Chandra, Ajya Ku Patra, Kapil Charana Mohanty, and Arttatrana Pal. "Hematological and plasma biochemistry in Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton 1822)." Comparative Clinical Pathology 23, no. 3 (November 14, 2012): 509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00580-012-1642-z.

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RUHELA, NEETU SINGH, PRINCE KUMAR SRIVASTAVA, SADGURU PRAKASH, and K. K. ANSARI. "HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE KIDENY OF FRESHWATER TELEOSTS, CIRRHINUS MRIGALA EXPOSED TO SODIUM FLUORIDE." Scientific Temper 2, no. 1&2 (July 25, 2011): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.58414/scientifictemper.2011.02.1.05.

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In the present study Cirrhinus mrigala were exposed for the period of 90 days at 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L and 15 mg/L NaF. Histopathological changes observed in kidney showed renal architecture damage in the form of increased capsular space, shrunken glomeruli, shrunken lumen of renal tubules and vacuolated cytoplasm. None of these changes was observed in the control group.

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Palazhy, Sabitha, Joseph Kalathiparambil Thomas, and Shibu Sivadasan. "Toxic effect of lead on the fingerlings of Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822)." Journal of Fisheries 6, no. 1 (January 21, 2018): 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.32.

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Pollution of water bodies caused by heavy metals such as lead is a major problem affecting aquatic fauna. The effect of lead on the fingerlings of fishes has not been widely investigated. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of heavy metal lead on the fingerlings of the freshwater fish, Cirrhinus mrigala. Different concentrations of lead nitrate solutions, viz., 1 ppm, 10 ppm, 40 ppm, 100 ppm, 120 ppm, 160 ppm, 200 ppm, 240 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm and 500 ppm were prepared. Ten fingerlings were introduced into each concentration. The mortality rate and the time of survival of fingerlings in the lead nitrate solution during next 96 hours were recorded. The mortality rate increased to a sudden plateau from 100 ppm to 200 ppm (from 10% to 100%) and total mortality was attained at 200 ppm. LC50 for the fingerlings was found to be 160 ppm. There was almost instantaneous mortality – absolute intolerance – of the fingerlings at 500 ppm. Our study results show that the fingerlings of Cirrhinus mrigala can survive the toxic effect of lead nitrate up to 40 ppm, without physiological stress.

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Palazhy, Sabitha, Joseph Kalathiparambil Thomas, and Shibu Sivadasan. "Toxic effect of lead on the fingerlings of Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822)." Journal of Fisheries 6, no. 1 (January 21, 2018): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/jfish.v6i1.2018.202.

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Pollution of water bodies caused by heavy metals such as lead is a major problem affecting aquatic fauna. The effect of lead on the fingerlings of fishes has not been widely investigated. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of heavy metal lead on the fingerlings of the freshwater fish, Cirrhinus mrigala. Different concentrations of lead nitrate solutions, viz., 1 ppm, 10 ppm, 40 ppm, 100 ppm, 120 ppm, 160 ppm, 200 ppm, 240 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm and 500 ppm were prepared. Ten fingerlings were introduced into each concentration. The mortality rate and the time of survival of fingerlings in the lead nitrate solution during next 96 hours were recorded. The mortality rate increased to a sudden plateau from 100 ppm to 200 ppm (from 10% to 100%) and total mortality was attained at 200 ppm. LC50 for the fingerlings was found to be 160 ppm. There was almost instantaneous mortality – absolute intolerance – of the fingerlings at 500 ppm. Our study results show that the fingerlings of Cirrhinus mrigala can survive the toxic effect of lead nitrate up to 40 ppm, without physiological stress.

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Reza, Rizoneul Haq, Shahena Aktar Shipa, M. Niamul Naser, and Md Faruque Miah. "Surveillance of Escherichia coli in a fish farm of Sylhet, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 48, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v48i2.52373.

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The study was accomplished to investigate Escherichia coli from two freshwater fish, Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), collected from a fish farm in Sylhet, Bangladesh. Six of each fish were analyzed to isolate and detect Escherichia coli, and E. coli was identified based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. The antibiogram of E. coli was investigated in different generations using eight antibiotic discs such as Chloramphenicol (CH), Streptomycin (S), Gentamycin (G), Ciprofloxacin (CI), Co-trimethoxazole (CO), Azithromycin (AZI), Erythromycin (E) and Novobiocin (NV), and the sensitivity of E. coli was found as 100%, 25%, 100%, 75%, 87.5%, 81.25%, 0%, 0% respectively. Among the 8 antibiotics, for Erythromycin (E) and Novobiocin (NV), the observed resistance pattern of E. coli was 81.25% and 87.5% respectively, whereas, for the rest of the antibiotics, it was 0%. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 335-346, 2020

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Ghazala, Ghazala, Shahid Mahboob, K. A. Al-Ghanim, Salma Sultana, Tayyaba Sultana, F. Almisned, L. Ahmed, Tehniat Shahid, and Zubair Ahmad. "A STUDY ON CHRONIC EFFECT OF PROFENOFOS ON ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AND BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITIES AND PROTEIN CONTENTS IN VARIOUS TISSUES IN MAJOR CARPS." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 13, no. 3 (March 15, 2016): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v13i3.7.

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Background: Pesticides widely used for agricultural purposes are carbamates, organophosphates as well as organochlorines. Among these pesticides, organochlorine compounds have been extensively used to control disease vectors as well as agricultural pests. The objective of this experiment was to study the chronic effect of a commercial formulation of profenofos on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity in various tissues in Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings was investigated. Materials and Methods: Healthy fingerlings of Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala with an average body length 90±6 mm and 30.00±2.00 g body weight were collected from the fish seed hatchery and brought to the laboratory. Fishes were maintained in 70 litter glass aquaria (27 ± 1oC, 2.70–2.80 ms and 8.85–9.40 pH). The fingerlings of Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala were exposed to the 3 sub lethal concentrations of profenofos (0.038, 0.019, 0.012; 0.06, 0.03, 0.02 and 0.041, 0.020 and 0.013 mg/L) for 8 weeks. The control experiments were also performed with the addition of carrier solvent alone. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase level were estimated according to the methodology of Ellman et al. (1961) and Kuster (2005). Total soluble proteins were determined by the Bradford (1976) standard method to assess enzymatic activity of the protein. Results: The least activity of AChE was recorded in muscle samples of Catla catla (1.07±0.040 μmoles/min/g of protein), exposed to the highest concentration of profenofos. BuChE activity was also reduced against various concentrations of profenofos. The AChE and BuChE activity was significantly inhibited even when exposed to a minimum concentration of this insecticide. Profenofos exposure affected the functioning of brain, blood, gills, muscle, kidneys and liver. We concluded that profenofos caused more inhibition in the liver for AChE and BuChE compared to other tissues. Conclusion: It has been concluded that profenofos is very highly toxic to the C. catla, L. rohita and C. mrigala fingerlings, but further studies are required to assign a certain level of toxicity to the said pesticide. Considering the high toxicity of profenofos, it is suggested to handle the profenofos carefully using all the precautionary measures in order to minimize the harmful effects on non-target organisms.

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Das, Sofia P., Subrat K. Swain, Lakshman Sahoo, Joy Krushna Jena, and Paramananda Das. "Single Genetic Stock Revealed by Microsatellite Markers Among Wild Populations of Cirrhinus mrigala from Peninsular India." Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 21, no. 09 (May 26, 2021): 425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v21_9_01.

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Cirrhinus mrigala (mrigal) is one of the Indian major carps widely cultured in the whole Indian subcontinent. Population genetic structure of this species from Peninsular Rivers of India is lacking. Among DNA markers, microsatellites are excellent tools to evaluate genetic variation of populations. In this study, genetic variation of six peninsular riverine mrigal populations was evaluated using seventeen microsatellite loci. In analyzing 288 samples, the number of alleles ranged from 4 to 27; observed heterozygosity from 0.595 to 1.00, expected heterozygosity from 0.586 to 0.959 and inbreeding coefficient (FIS) ranged from -0.034 to 0.02. Exact test for Hardy Weinberg disequilibrium revealed that one locus was not in equilibrium across the rivers except one. The AMOVA analysis revealed the main source of genetic variation to be within the population (94.54%) than among the populations (5.46%). The Nei’s genetic distance and structure analysis depict river Narmada and Mahi populations are different from the four east coast rivers. The overall Fst (0.05462) data showed moderate differentiation among the six populations. The results of this study provide essential information to resource recovery and help in delineating populations for fishery management. Besides, the data will provide a valuable baseline for further investigations on the geographic distribution of this commercially important fish species.

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Rani, Poonam, Jitendra Thakur, and Ashish Upadhyay. "Partial Replacement of Protein Using Microfloc Meal for the Diet of Mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala Fingerlings." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 10 (October 10, 2017): 1524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.182.

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Kowtal, G. V., and S. D. Gupta. "A note on the hybrid mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) × common carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus) (Cyprinidae)." Aquaculture 49, no. 2 (October 1985): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(85)90123-1.

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Sudhabose, Shanmugam, Balakrishnan Sooryakanth, and Muthuswami Ruby Rajan. "Impact of acute and sub-acute exposure of magnesium oxide nanoparticles on mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala." Heliyon 9, no. 4 (April 2023): e15605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15605.

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Pradhan, Pravata, Dev Verma, Shrish Yadav, Atul Dev, Thangaraj Swaminathan, Anutosh Paria, Rajendran Valappil, and Neeraj Sood. "Carps, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Are Resistant to Experimental Infection with Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV)." Fishes 6, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040056.

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Tilapia tilapinevirus, also known as tilapia lake virus (TiLV), is an emerging fish virus that primarily affects tilapines. However, the virus has also been detected in a few non-tilapines. As tilapia is generally farmed in polyculture systems along with carps in South Asian countries, there is a likelihood that TiLV-infected tilapia can transmit the virus to the co-cultured species. In view of the above, the susceptibility of three carp species, namely catla (Catla catla), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was evaluated vis-à-vis tilapia, following experimental infection with TiLV. No clinical signs and histopathological alterations could be observed in carps. RT-qPCR revealed that TiLV copy numbers in liver and brain of all the three carps were almost negligible and did not show any increase with time, suggesting that the virus did not replicate in liver and brain, the target organs of TiLV. Further, TiLV could not be isolated from pooled liver and brain tissues of carps using permissive CFF cell line. On the contrary, in tilapia, typical clinical signs and histopathological lesions were observed and there was significant increase in TiLV copy number up to 6 days post-injection. Furthermore, the virus was successfully isolated from pooled liver and brain tissue of infected tilapia. From the above findings, it could be concluded that C. catla, C. mrigala and H. molitrix are resistant to TiLV infection and unlikely to be carriers for this virus.

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Minhas, Rashid, Huma Naz, Sajid Abdullah, Khalid Abbas, Tanveer Ahmed, and Nimra Zahid. "Evaluation of Genotoxicity induced by Cobalt to Freshwater Fish, Cirrhina mrigala using Micronuclei Assay." Journal of Zoo Biology 5, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/zoobiol.005.01.4511.

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Due to industrial advancement, a variety of toxic chemicals including metals are released into the aquatic environment which not only disturbs the physico-chemical properties of the water bodies but also influences the aquatic food chain to cause physiological and cytogenetic alternations in the aquatic animals. Metals have the ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that would cause the oxidative of nucleic acid. Micronucleus test has been commonly used for the estimation of biological impacts of water pollutants on genotoxic damage in fish. Therefore, the present research work was designed to check the genotoxic potential of cobalt for fish Cirrhinus mrigala by using a micronuclei assay. Fish were exposed to the various sub-lethal concentrations of cobalt metal such as 2/3rd, 1/3rd, 1/4th, and 1/5th of LC50 concentration for one month and sampling was done after 10 days intervals. Blood sample from the caudal vein of fish was collected to see the micronuclei and binucleated nuclei. Results showed that all test concentrations induced micronuclei and binucleated nuclei in peripheral erythrocytes of C. mrigala. Maximum nuclear abnormalities in peripheral erythrocytes of C. mrigala were observed in 2/3rd concentration followed by the orders: 1/3rd 1/4th 1/5th.Due to industrial advancement, a variety of toxic chemicals including metals are released into the aquatic environment which not only disturbs the physico-chemical properties of the water bodies but also influences the aquatic food chain to cause physiological and cytogenetic alternations in the aquatic animals. Metals have the ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that would cause the oxidative of nucleic acid. Micronucleus test has been commonly used for the estimation of biological impacts of water pollutants on genotoxic damage in fish. Therefore, the present research work was designed to check the genotoxic potential of cobalt for fish Cirrhinus mrigala by using a micronuclei assay. Fish were exposed to the various sub-lethal concentrations of cobalt metal such as 2/3rd, 1/3rd, 1/4th, and 1/5th of LC50 concentration for one month and sampling was done after 10 days intervals. Blood sample from the caudal vein of fish was collected to see the micronuclei and binucleated nuclei. Results showed that all test concentrations induced micronuclei and binucleated nuclei in peripheral erythrocytes of C. mrigala. Maximum nuclear abnormalities in peripheral erythrocytes of C. mrigala were observed in 2/3rd concentration followed by the orders: 1/3rd 1/4th 1/5th.

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Saleem, Nida, Saim Haroon, Uzma Yasmeen, Sikander Hayat, and Quratulane Gillani. "Effect of Sub Lethal Doses of Nickel Chloride on CBC and Histology of Cirrhinus Mrigala." Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/pjbb.v3i1.73.

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This present study aims to investigate the histological and CBC parameters on Cirrhinus marigala after the exposure of Nickel Chloride. The first group of fish was taken as control group and placed in normal water without given any treatment. The second and third groups of fish were administered to two concentrations of sub-lethal doses of 96 hrs (LC50, 3.75ppm) of nickel chloride for 30 days. Results of this study showed that the number of white blood cells, platelets and haemoglobin level were significantly increased where simultaneously the number of red blood cells was significantly decreased due to exposure of nickel chloride. It was also observed that nickel chloride accumulated in organs (Kidneys < Gills < Liver < Heart) of Cirrhinus marigala. Results of histopathology showed the heavy damage of vital organs in fish due to nickel chloride exposure. One-way ANOVA test was performed in SPSS package volume 16 showed that observed data was statistically signi?cant (P < 0.05). This study concluded that nickel chloride effects the CBCs and histopathological parameters of fish Cirrhinus marigala. Keywords: Fish, Toxic effect, Heavy metal, blood parameters

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Prapthi, U. B., S. Akarsh, D. S. Somashekar, H. V. Sowmya, and B. Thippeswamy. "Diversity of Fungal infections and Histopathological preparations of some economically important Fresh Water Fishes in Bhadra Reservoir Project, Karnataka, INDIA." Research Journal of Biotechnology 19, no. 1 (December 5, 2023): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1901rjbt059070.

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Fungal infections are very serious diseases in culturable freshwater fishes. The present research work aimed to investigate the fungal infections in four economically important freshwater carps i.e. Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala and Cyprinus carpio which were collected from the Fish seed production unit at Bhadra Reservoir Project (BRP). The infected fishes were collected in polythene bags and brought for mycological study in the laboratory. The fungal strains were isolated using potato dextrose agar and Sabourd’s dextrose agar media. Out of 240 fishes, 168 (70%) infection have been recorded with six different fungal genera of Saprolegnia sp. (54.167%), Penicillium sp. (7.14%), Aspergillus sp. (14.285%), Trichoderma sp. (6.546%), Rhizopus sp. (4.167%) and Mucor sp. (13.695%). These fungi were frequently isolated and identified based on spore structure and morphological characteristics. The monthly variation and percentage of fungal infection in Catla catla was 35.10 %, Labeo rohita was 24.99%, Cirrhinus mrigala was 21.41% and Cyprinus carpio was 18.42%. Winter season (57.5%) and the rainy season (39%) was more favorable for the growth of Saprolegnia sp. than summer season (10%). Histopathological study was carried out to study the effect of Saprolegnia sp. on infected fish. Based on the results, Catla catla fishes were more susceptible to Saprolegnia sp. than other varieties of fishes.

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Thangam, Yesudass. "Histopathological Studies on Nitrite Toxicity to Freshwater Fish, Cirrhinus Mrigala." IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 8, no. 4 (2014): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-08411014.

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Singh, Dharmendra. "IMPACT OF DISTILLERY EFFLUENT ON INDIAN MAJOR CARP, CIRRHINUS MRIGALA." International Journal of Biological Innovations 03, no. 01 (2021): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2021.3124.

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Neeru, Neeru, Anita Bhatnagar, and Abhay Singh Yadav. "A study of constitutive heterochromatin and NOR banding in three species of Indian major carps from the State of Haryana, India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i2.1731.

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Cytogenetic survey of fishes becomes increasingly important to establish chromosomal relation between the teleosts, to have a glimpse of the relation between chromosomal evolution and differentiation of vertebrate species. In the present study, Chromosome banding studies was done in three species of carps i.e. Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822), Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) and Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822). Diploid chromosome number 50 was observed in all 3 species of carps. The chromosomes of C. catla, L. rohita and C. mrigala showed constitutive heterochromatin at telomeric and centromeric regions of chromosomes. The Ag-NOR (Argyrophilic-Nucleolus Organizer Region) bands were observed on homologous chromosome pair number 11 in C. catla, 15th chromosome pair in L. rohita. In C. mrigala, the Ag- NOR staining elucidated the presence of darkly stained NORs on the terminal region of the long arms of one of the chromosome. Another homologue of this chromosome pair could not be localized due to scattering of chromosomes. The results depict that variation in ecological conditions with time due to human activities can not only affect the chromosomal number but also chromosomal morphology.

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Rout, Ajaya Kumar, Varsha Acharya, Diptimayee Maharana, Budheswar Dehury, Sheela Rani Udgata, Rajkumar Jena, Bhaskar Behera, Pranaya Kumar Parida, and Bijay Kumar Behera. "Insights into structure and dynamics of extracellular domain of Toll-like receptor 5 in Cirrhinus mrigala (mrigala): A molecular dynamics simulation approach." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): e0245358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245358.

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The toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is the most conserved important pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) often stimulated by bacterial flagellins and plays a major role in the first-line defense against invading pathogenic bacteria and in immune homeostasis. Experimental crystallographic studies have shown that the extracellular domain (ECD) of TLR5 recognizes flagellin of bacteria and functions as a homodimer in model organism zebrafish. However, no structural information is available on TLR5 functionality in the major carp Cirrhinus mrigala (mrigala) and its interaction with bacterial flagellins. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to unravel the structural basis of TLR5-flagellin recognition in mrigala using structural homodimeric TLR5-flagellin complex of zebrafish as reference. Integrative structural modeling and molecular dynamics simulations were employed to explore the structural and mechanistic details of TLR5 recognition. Results from structural snapshots of MD simulation revealed that TLR5 consistently formed close interactions with the three helices of the D1 domain in flagellin on its lateral side mediated by several conserved amino acids. Results from the intermolecular contact analysis perfectly substantiate with the findings of per residue-free energy decomposition analysis. The differential recognition mediated by flagellin to TLR5 in mrigala involves charged residues at the interface of binding as compared to the zebrafish complex. Overall our results shows TLR5 of mrigala involved in innate immunity specifically recognized a conserved site on flagellin which advocates the scientific community to explore host-specific differences in receptor activation.

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Paul, B. N., S. Sarkar, S. S. Giri, P. V. Rangacharyulu, and S. N. Mohanty. "Phosphorus requirements and optimum calcium/phosphorus ratio in the diet of mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.) fingerlings." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20, no. 4 (August 2004): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2004.00541.x.

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Naz, Saima, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha, Durali Danabas, Muhammad Farhan Khan, Youhou Xu, Peng Zhu, and Laiba Shafique. "Bioaccumulation Pattern and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Cirrhinus mrigala at Panjnad Headworks, Bahawalpur, Pakistan." Toxics 11, no. 7 (July 7, 2023): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11070596.

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Heavy metal accumulation in freshwater ecosystem has become one of the major aquatic environmental concerns for freshwater flora and fauna due to their higher stability and bioaccumulation as well as bio-magnification properties. Furthermore, passing through the food web, these heavy metals affect human populations ultimately. This study assessed the heavy metal accumulation in Cirrhinus mrigala in spring, autumn, and winter at different locations (I, II, and III) of Panjnad headwork. Furthermore, the human health risk assessment for the consumption of C. mrigala from the sampling locations was also carried out. Fish were collected from upper (I), middle (II), and lower (III) stream of Panjnad on a monthly basis. The current study evaluated the accumulation of Aluminum (Al), Arsenic (As), Barium (Ba), and Lead (Pb) in various fish organs (liver, kidney, gills, fins, skin, muscles and bones) and assessed their potential hazard to human health through health risk assessment indicators. The results demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.05) in heavy metal accumulation in different fish organs, seasons, and locations. The accumulation of Al, As, Ba, and Pb were considerably higher in liver and kidney as compared to the other body organs and followed a trend of liver > kidney > gills > fins > skin > bones > muscle and the overall mean concentrations of metals in different body tissues of C. mrigala were in the order of Al > As > Ba > Pb. The results also concluded that C. mrigala caught from the Panjnad headwork is not safe for human consumption due to higher values of TTHQIng (3.76), THQIng for Ba (3.27) and CRIng for As (6.4742).

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Yu, Fan Dong, Dang En Gu, Yan Nan Tong, Gao Jun Li, Hui Wei, Xi Dong Mu, Meng Xu, et al. "The current distribution of invasive mrigal carp (Cirrhinus mrigala) in Southern China, and its potential impacts on native mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella) populations." Journal of Freshwater Ecology 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 603–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2019.1655492.

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Prasad, Laxmi, and P. V. Rangacharulu. "Effect of feed supplemented exogenous bacteria, Lactobacillus sporogenes on the growth and body composition of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 585–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i2.649.

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Probiotics are known to improve the growth rate of aquatic organisms. Little experimentation has focused on supplementation of live colony forming units ofL.sporogenes in Cirrhinus mrigala to access the growth performance. A feeding trial was conducted for 50 days to study the effects of Lactobacillus sporogenes on growth and body composition of Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton-Buchnan, 1822) fingerlings. Fishes were fed with five experimental feeds containing 3.31x105 colony forming units (CFU)/100g-1 of L. sporogenes in diet D2 , 1.65×106 CFU/ 100g-1 in diet D3, 3.31×106 CFU/100g-1 in diet D4 and 4.96×106 CFU/100g-1 in diet D5. Control diet D1 was kept devoid of L. sporogenes. The diets prepared were containing 0.0% (D1), 0.1% (D2), 0.5% (D3), 1.0% (D4) and 1.5%(D5) of live cells of L. sporogenes CFU/100gm-1 of feed. Increasing trend of weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) improved food conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in treatments fed with probiotic added feeds than control feed. Best growth performance was found in the treatment fed with D4 of L. sporogenes containing 3.31×106 CFU 100g-1 of feed. At increased level 4.96×106 CFU 100g-1 of L. sporogenes inclusion the growth performance was dropped. Tissue protein content was also observed to be higher in animals fed with D4 feed. The lipid content was significantly (P<0.05) higher in fingerlings fed with control feed (D1). In short, L. sporogenes addition to a level of 3.31×106 CFU 100g-1 in feed improved growth performance of C. mrigala fingerlings. Therefore, it is evident that 3.31×106 CFU 100g-1 of feed of L. sporogenes can be considered as suitable concentration for attaining good growth in C.mrigala fingerlings.

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Raza, Muhammad Akram, Zakia Kanwal, Saira Riaz, Maira Amjad, Shafqat Rasool, Shahzad Naseem, Nadeem Abbas, Naushad Ahmad, and Suliman Yousef Alomar. "In-Vivo Bactericidal Potential of Mangifera indica Mediated Silver Nanoparticles against Aeromonas hydrophila in Cirrhinus mrigala." Biomedicines 11, no. 8 (August 15, 2023): 2272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082272.

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The present study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from leaves’ extract of Mangifera indica (M. indica) and their antibacterial efficacy against Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) in Cirrhinus mrigala (C. mrigala). The prepared M. indica mediated silver nanoparticles (Mi-AgNPs) were found to be polycrystalline in nature, spherical in shapes with average size of 62 ± 13 nm. C. mrigala (n = ±15/group) were divided into six groups i.e., G1: control, G2: A. hydrophila challenged, G3: A. hydrophila challenged + Mi-AgNPs (0.01 mg/L), G4: A. hydrophila challenged + Mi-AgNPs (0.05 mg/L), G5: A. hydrophila challenged + Mi-AgNPs (0.1 mg/L) and G6: A. hydrophila challenged + M. indica extract (0.1 mg/L). Serum biochemical, hematological, histological and oxidative biomarkers were evaluated after 15 days of treatment. The liver enzyme activities, serum proteins, hematological parameters and oxidative stress markers were found to be altered in the challenged fish but showed retrieval effects with Mi-AgNPs treatment. The histological analysis of liver, gills and kidney of the challenged fish also showed regaining effects following Mi-AgNPs treatment. A CFU assay from muscle tissue provided quantitative data that Mi-AgNPs can hinder the bacterial proliferation in challenged fish. The findings of this work suggest that M. indica based silver nanoparticles can be promising candidates for the control and treatment of microbial infections in aquaculture.

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Rahman, Md Faridur, Shamima Sultana, Manash Kabiraj, and Md Alimullah. "Effect of nutrients enriched feed premix on the growth performance of major carps Rohu, Catla and Mrigal in a polyculture system." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 4, no. 3 (November 12, 2018): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v4i3.38469.

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To evaluate the effect of nutrients enriched feed premix on the growth performance of major carps Rohu (Labeo rohita), Catla (Catla catla) and Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) in a polyculture system, the present experiment was carried out in six earthen ponds located at Khulna University of Bangladesh for a period of 90 days. Two treatments each with three replications were stocked with 40% Rohu, 30% Catla and 30% Mrigal with a total stocking density of 10000/ha. T-2 was treated with feed premix at the rate of 4g/1 kg feed while T-1 was not treated with any feed premix. Both treatments were applied normal feed twice a day at the rate of 2% to 4% of the body weight of the fingerlings. The net fish production was found to be 2238.06 kg/ha and 3607.33 kg/ha in T-1 and T-2 respectively. The results showed that fish production was significantly higher in T-2 than T-1 (P<0.05). T-2 showed 0.60 times greater fish production than that of T-1.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2018, 4(3): 298-306

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Mohapatra, B. C., L. Das, S. K. Mahanta, H. Sahu, P. Sahoo, S. Lenka, and K. Anantharaja. "Oxygen consumption in fry and fingerling stages of Indian major carps analysed using indigenously developed respirometer." Indian Journal of Fisheries 64, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21077/ijf.2017.64.1.61272-16.

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Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions for determination of oxygen consumption of advanced fry, fingerlings and advanced fingerlings of Indian major carps, catla Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822); rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822); and mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822) in freshwater medium of total alkalinity varying between 150-154 mg l-1, total hardness 130-140 mg l-1, pH 7.5-8.0, carbon dioxide 5.6-12.0 mg l-1 and temperature 31-35oC. Experiments were conducted in acrylic respirometers designed and developed for this purpose. The oxygen consumption values for advanced fry, fingerlings and advanced fingerlings of catla were 634±9, 565±27 and 516±28; rohu 549±26, 459±41 and 374±38 and mrigal 532±24, 449±28 and 343±30 mg kg body wt-1 h-1 respectively. In all stages, oxygen consumption values of catla varied significantly (p<0.05) from rohu and mrigal, whereas no significant differences were noticed between rohu and mrigal. Oxygen consumption was found to be more in all the three developmental stages of catla compared to corresponding stages of rohu and mrigal. In all the fishes, oxygen consumption was found to be higher in advanced fry stage than fingerling and advanced fingerling stages. The lower critical tolerance limits of oxygen in water for survival of advanced fingerlings of catla, rohu and mrigal were found to be 0.4, 0.32 and 0.32 mg l-1 respectively.

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Kar, Avijit, Deep Sankar Chini, Manojit Bhattacharya, Bidhan Chandra Patra, Shampa Patra, and Jayanta Kumar Saha. "A comparative study of fatty acids profile of two Indian major carps (Gibelion catla, Hamilton, 1822 and Cirrhinus mrigala, Hamilton, 1822) using value added fish feed." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 13, no. 2 (May 9, 2021): 443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i2.2598.

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Abstract:

Freshwater fishes are not only a major source of protein but they also possess nutritionally valuable lipids in the form of Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which play a crucial role in the normal growth, disease prevention, development, cardiovascular health and reproduction of human. The present study was performed to determine the incorporation rate of fatty acids profile and their composition in two common freshwater carps as Gibelion catla and Cirrhinus mrigala (in situ trial and experimental) in the different experimental time period (0 days, i.e. initial, 90 days and 180 days) by using of value added feed like flaxseed (?-linolenic acids, 51.26% – 54.94%) and soybean oil (?-linolenic acids, 7.95%-9.01%) as omega-3 supplements. To determine the specific growth pattern Length-Weight Relationships (LWRs) are analyzed where it showed positive allometric growth (b=3.20 in 90 days, b=3.11 in 180 days for Catla and b=3.18 in 90 days, b=3.1 in 180 days for Mrigala fish). The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) method also confirmed that the percentages of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) increased significantly (P< 0.05) in experimental (0.096a±0.41, initial; 5.16a±0.27, 90 days; 6.21b±0.36, 180 days Catla fish species and 0.019a±0.96 initial; 3.74b±0.37, 90 days; 3.50a±0.46 180 days for Mrigal fish species) fishes rather than controls (4.28a±0.27, 90 days; 4.36b±0.36, 180 days for Catla species and 2.24b±0.31 90 days; 2.50a±0.11 180 days for Mrigal species). Therefore, it was clearly indicated that formulated diet performed significantly to maintain the positive allometric growth as well as successive enrichment of PUFAs in experimental specimens, which is beneficial for human health as high source of protein and PUFAs as well.

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Bhilave, Madhav. "Effect of methanol on lipid profile of freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala." International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 9, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/fish.2021.v9.i5c.2569.

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Ahmed, Imtiaz, and Mukhtar A. Khan. "Dietary arginine requirement of fingerling Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton)." Aquaculture Nutrition 10, no. 4 (August 2004): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2004.00293.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cirrhinus mrigala'

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