Journal articles: 'Circulating fluidized bed boiler'

1

Dudek, Agata, and Rafał Kobyłecki. "Influence of the Environment on the Operational Safety of a Fluidized Bed Boiler." System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2019-0086.

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AbstractThe use of fluidized bed boilers in modern power engineering is a promising solution for clean and economically acceptable combustion of various fuels, including coal, biomass and waste, for the generation of electricity. The fluidized bed boilers are nowadays technically advanced and complex combustion facilities where all individual boiler elements are subjected to withstand continuous structural and thermal loads during their operation. Intensive loading of boiler elements can be quite easily linked with boiler operational safety and is quite often one of the main reasons for emergency shutdowns followed by necessary replacements of the damaged items. In case of industrial large-scale circulating fluidized bed boilers the frequency of unplanned shutdowns is also quite often affected by the hydrodynamics of the fluidized bed and some other parameters, such as the intensity of solids circulation, temperature, solids concentration, flue gas composition and velocity, solids accumulation and deposition, as well as the corrosion or erosion of heat transfer surfaces. The present paper briefly reports the results of authors investigation focused on the morphology and structure of some chosen elements (steel anchors) sampled from one of Polish circulating fluidized bed boilers. The anchors were degraded during boiler operation and lost their mechanical durability. In order to determine the reasons of anchors’ degradation chemical composition of the elements was determined with the use of a spark spectrometer SPECTROLAB and sample morphology was investigated with JEOL JSM-6610LV scanning microscope equipped with LaB6 cathode.

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Yan, Yi. "Analysis and Discussion on Burning Low Calorific Value Fuel of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." E3S Web of Conferences 329 (2021): 01074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132901074.

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China's coal-dominated energy structure will not change in a short time. In order to implement the relevant national policies on energy conservation and emission reduction, it is a good response to adopt circulating fluidized bed boilers in coal-fired power stations. Circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts fluidized combustion, which has high reliability and high utilization rate because of its special combustion mode and particle recycling device. For the low calorific value inferior fuel which is difficult to burn in common boiler, CFB boiler also has certain adaptability and compatibility. In this background, this article with coal gangue as the representative of the inferior coal are discussed its application in the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the combustion process, boiler equipment and special fly ash produced by combustion is proposed that often appear in the three aspects of problems, and accordingly put forward the solution and optimization measures, provides reference for the actual process.

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Ma, Da Fu, and Xiao Hong Hao. "Status and Prospect of Large-Scale Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 444–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.444.

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The paper is focused on the present situation and the development of large-scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers. Several developed technology of CFB such as supercritical and ultra supercritical pressure CFB boilers for power plants, oxy-fuel CFB boiler for CO2 capture and high-density circulating fluidized bed gasifier for advanced IGCC/IGFC are introduced in this paper.

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Basu, P., and P. K. Halder. "A New Concept for Operation of a Pulverized Coal Fired Boiler Using Circulating Fluidized Bed Firing." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 111, no. 4 (October 1, 1989): 626–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240302.

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The feasibility of adapting existing pulverized coal fired boilers slated for life extension to circulating fluidized bed firing is examined by considering the case of a 150 MWe tangentially fired pulverized coal boiler. The proposed modifications call for a minimum of change in existing units. Thermal calculations are presented to show how heat absorption in different sections of the converted boiler can be matched to that in the pre-existing pulverized coal fired boiler. Data for two load conditions are presented to identify problems associated with low loads. Fuel flexibility in the converted circulating fluidized bed unit is shown by repeating the thermal calculations for coal washery rejects. It is concluded that the adoption of circulating fluidized bed firing is thermodynamically feasible.

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Kim, Seongil, Sangmin Choi, Jari Lappalainen, and Tae-Ho Song. "Dynamic simulation of the circulating fluidized bed loop performance under the various operating conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 233, no. 7 (March 27, 2019): 901–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919838111.

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In a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the large thermal mass and flow characteristics of the solids strongly affect the transient response of the circulating fluidized bed loop temperature, which determines the heat transfer rate to steam flow. Therefore, it is essential to interpret the dynamic response of the solid behavior in the circulating fluidized bed loop for the stable and efficient operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. In this study, the dynamic simulation of the solid behavior along with the flue gas flow in a circulating fluidized bed loop was performed by applying the core-annulus approach for the solid-gas flow inside the furnace and selected models for other physical phenomena of the fluidized bed. The circulating fluidized bed loop of a commercial boiler was selected as the target system. Especially, the model simulates the characteristics of the solid behavior, such as the local solid mass distribution, and the solid flow inside the furnace and the circulating solid according to the various operating conditions. These aspects are difficult to measure and quantify in a real power plant. In this paper, the simulated furnace temperature behavior as the representative performance parameter of the circulating fluidized bed loop was discussed along with the qualitative operation experiences reported in the literature. The operating conditions include the feed rate of fuel and air, the particle size, the solid inventory and the solid circulation rate. Furnace temperature behavior was reproduced through the simulation for each operating case in the literature and was analyzed with the solid behavior along with the combustion rate and heat transfer rate of the circulating fluidized bed loop. The simulation enables quantitative evaluation of the effect of the solid behavior on the temperatures of the furnace and return part in the various operating conditions.

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Zhao, Bin, Jun Hao Li, Jing Quan Shen, and Guo Zhong Wang. "The Analysis on Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Heat Tube Failure." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1679.

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Boiler heat tube failure is a long-term technical problem plaguing the production of electricity. The research on how to prevent failure of boiler heat tubes has practical significance. In this paper, select the type of the Tangshan Dong fang power plant SG-490/13.8-M572 CFB boiler as the research object, part by pressure, failure type, and run-time statistics on the heat tubes failure of two boilers throught the collation and analysis on records, the basic rules of the failure are found out, statistics show that the water wall and super heater tubes explosion causes boiler shutdown time accounted for unplanned boiler shutdown time about 82%, small power generating capacity of about 11% of the total time. Finally, relevant technical strategies including improving maintenance quality and strengthening boilers regular inspection are proposed, the unplanned outage of units is radically reduced, and the safety and reliability of boiler operation is comprehensively improved.

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Cui, Lin Lin, Hua Lai, Xiao Qian Yu, and Ming Jie Qi. "Modeling and Simulation of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Combustion System Based on Neural Network." Advanced Materials Research 706-708 (June 2013): 859–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.859.

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According to the multivariable coupling、 large time delay, non-linearity and time-varying and other difficulties of circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion system, a kind of control technology based on neural network to circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion system was presented. Actual parameter data of a paper mill in Kunming and neural network control principle were used in the establishment of a circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion system mathematical model and modified BP neural network algorithm training. Results of MATLAB simulation show that boiler combustion system control precision was effectively improved and good effects in production and application were got.

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8

Nie, Li, Jiayi Lu, Qigang Deng, Liming Gong, Dayong Xue, Zhongzhi Yang, and Xiaofeng Lu. "Study on the Uniformity of Secondary Air of a 660 MW Ultra-Supercritical CFB Boiler." Energies 15, no. 10 (May 14, 2022): 3604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103604.

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Based on the field test of a 600 MW supercritical circulating-fluidized bed boiler, this paper optimizes the secondary air pipe layout scheme of a 660 MW ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler with a similar furnace structure and carried out a numerical simulation on its air distribution uniformity. The secondary air box of the 660 MW ultra-supercritical circulating-fluidized bed boiler adopts a variable section design, and the secondary air branch pipe adopts a separate air inlet mode. The experimental results showed that the oxygen concentration was uniform near the rear wall, but all exhibited a “decrease–increase–decrease” profile along the horizontal line, which indicated that the trajectory of the secondary air jet was first in the shape of bending downward and then upward. To achieve a more uniform secondary air distribution for supercritical CFB boilers, further optimization of the layout of the bellows and branch pipes should be considered. Numerical results showed that the deviation rate of the internal and lower secondary air reached 17%, and there was optimization space for the secondary air branch pipe layout of the boiler. Its uniformity can be increased by adding valves and other measures. The velocity deviation of the secondary air of the 660 MW ultra-supercritical circulating-fluidized bed boiler can be within 3% by means of separate air supply and pipe diameter change, and better uniform air supply can be achieved to reduce the speed deviation by adding valves and adjusting the combustion.

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9

Liang, Yu Wen, Hui Song, and Yuan Xin Li. "Optimization Design of Limestone Conveyor System in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 731–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.731.

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The qualities of the limestone conveyor system running directly affect the efficiency of circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion. Aiming at the problems of limestone conveyor system, this paper optimizes the design of the control system and the ring limestone fluidized bed boiler combustion control system networking, the use of configuration technology for real-time data control system to monitor and implement manual and automatic switching function. While improving the delivery system and improve the combustion efficiency of the boiler. For the circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion system provides a reference value.

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Huang, Yuansheng, Lijun Zhang, and Min Zhong. "Study on Coordination Control of Subcritical Circulating Fluidized Bed Units with Win-Win Source Network." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 37, no. 3 (June 2019): 621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20193730621.

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Aiming at the large delay and inertia characteristics of circulating fluidized bed units, a coordinated control method of circulating fluidized bed units under the CPS evaluation system of power grid is proposed. Firstly, starting from the power grid performance evaluation index CPS, the formation characteristics of regional control error ACE in the CPS index are analyzed. Then, according to the operation characteristics of circulating fluidized bed units, the feasibility of realizing the boiler-turbine-grid coordinated control system is revealed. Then, the switch controller based on the energy state of the boiler and the optimal controller based on CPS standard are designed to realize the boiler network. Finally, through simulation experiments, it is verified that the proposed control methods not only meets the requirements of power grid for unit evaluation better, but also takes into account the overall energy state of the boiler to improve the control performance of main steam pressure, and achieves the win-win control effect of circulating fluidized bed units and power grid.

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11

Yang, Jian Meng, Bi Zheng Wang, and Wei Wang. "Lignite-Fired CFB Boiler SO₂, NO Emission Control Technology Research." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.256.

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For study on SO2 and NO emission characteristics of circulating fluidized bed boiler experiments were carried out in a 300MW circulating fluidized bed boiler. In these experiments, the variables were the amount of limestone and bed temperature. While conducting the test, the reasons for the changes in emission were analyzed, and some advices about combustion adjustment were proposed.

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12

Chang, De Gong, and Yun Peng Ju. "Intelligent Optimization of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 614 (September 2014): 580–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.614.580.

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BP neural network can predict and establish a relationship between the parameters of boiler operation. Because this method has certain errors, so this paper presents a optimization method based on genetic algorithm. The method uses the genetic algorithm to optimize the key parameters of boiler operation and search out the maximum boiler efficiency taking advantages of genetic algorithm's global search function. According to optimization results obtained, the staff can adjust the parameters of the boiler and achieve the purpose of optimizing.

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13

Chen, Yu Lin, Qing Wang, Cong Cong Liu, and Jian Xin Ge. "Numerical Simulation of the Flow Characteristics of 35t/h Internally Circulating Fluidized Bed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 529 (June 2014): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.529.272.

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The gas-solid flow characteristics of the 35t/h oil shale-combustion circulating fluidized bed boiler (Developed by Wangqing Longteng Energy Development Co., Ltd) was simulated using Eulerian-Eulerian model (EEM), which was based on the kinetic theory of granular. The distribution of particle volume fraction and the distribution of particle velocity revealed the mechanism of the internal recirculation flow of particles in the furnace. The simulation results provided a reference for the flow structure optimization of the inner circulating fluidized bed and the enlargement of the inner circulating fluidized bed boiler.

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14

Zhao, Zhong Xia, Wei Lv, Chong Qi, Rui Yang Li, and Chao Cheng. "Theoretical Analysis about Boiler Retrofit to Burn CWS." Advanced Materials Research 773 (September 2013): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.773.9.

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In this paper, the test fuel is organic waste water slurry, which can be mixed to by organic waste water and pulverized coal. The organic waste water comes from chamfor Papermaking Company of Jiangsu province. Theoretically, we introduce the structure retrofit of the 75t/h Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler of chamfor Papermaking Company in detail. It is the first industrial application that coal organic waste water as fuel to burn in circulating fluidized bed boiler in China. To get more reasonable boiler structure transformation scheme and more accurate data, we need carry lots of experiments.

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15

Baskakov, A. P., V. A. Munts, and E. Yu Pavlyuk. "Transients in a circulating fluidized bed boiler." Thermal Engineering 60, no. 11 (October 11, 2013): 775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0040601513110025.

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16

Svensson, A., F. Johnsson, and B. Leckner. "Bottom bed regimes in a circulating fluidized bed boiler." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 22, no. 6 (November 1996): 1187–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9322(96)00025-0.

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17

Guo, Haifeng, Jianan Li, Zhenlong Sun, Zhongbo Du, and Xueting Cheng. "Data Optimization Analysis of Integrated Energy System Based on K -Means Algorithm." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (May 26, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1211515.

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To learn about the practical application of K -environment algorithms in electronic data analysis. To increase the thermal efficiency of boiler combustion and reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, the paper uses a 300 MW circulating liquid bed boiler for a thermal power plant as a research product. The studied and improved optimization methods have been successfully used to optimize the combustion of circulating liquefied boilers. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of biogeographic optimization algorithm and K -means clustering algorithm, this paper combines the two algorithms into a new improved clustering algorithm k -bbo-cluster. According to the operation mode of circulating fluidized bed boiler, the calculation method of boiler combustion thermal efficiency and the generation mechanism of nitrogen oxides, the boiler thermal efficiency model, nitrogen oxide emission concentration model and its comprehensive model are established by using the least square support vector machine method based on Bayesian structure framework. The learning outcomes of the vector machines that support the minimum squares of the Bayesian structure are less than 0.05 by the difference between MSE, MAE, and MAPE. The study of optimizing the combustion of circulating liquefied bed furnaces in this article can effectively improve the thermal efficiency of circulating liquefied bed furnaces and reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. Protection is important.

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18

Jiang, Yin Ping, Shan Liu, and Yun Hua Yang. "Application of Advanced Process Control in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 135-136 (October 2011): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.135-136.305.

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Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler is a complicated control object with big delay, multi-variable and strong coupling, especially the combustion in it. It is too difficult to build an exact mathematic model to describe the combustion process. And it is hard to get ideal control effect with normal controller. This paper presents the overview of advanced control techniques in thermal process control of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler, such as decoupling control, predictive control and fuzzy control. The future of advanced control research and application is also discussed.

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19

Liu, Yan Ping, Yang Liu, and Ji Yu Qi. "Wear Resistant and Refractory Nonmetal Material of CFB Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.287.

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The key in restricting CFB (circulating fluidized bed) boiler running was material selection, construction fixing, pouring, coating, structure designing and running mode of wear resistant and refractory nonmetal material. Based on the comparison of CFB boiler and PC boiler, this paper expatiated on the failure, abrasion mechanism, material capability and selecting material principle of wear resistant and refractory nonmetal material, pointed out mistakes of utility boilers material selection and arranged reasonable principle of selecting material from the angle of improving working life of boiler and enhancing wearing resistance property of boiler.

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Lesnykh, Andrey, Sergey Golovatiy, and Danil Valovik. "Long-Term Experience of Running Operation Boilers Equipped with Furnace Working upon High-Temperature Circulating Fluidized Bed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.345.

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The boiler KE-10-14 reconstructed under high-temperature furnace circulation fluidized bed has been considered. Features of the boiler with a high-temperature furnace circulation fluidized bed have been presented. The characteristics of the boiler and problem of its operation for the whole period of operation have been shown. Recommendations for improving the efficiency of boiler have been developed on the basis of conducted operational tests. The results of adjustment system sectional blast have been presented. The characteristics of the boiler on different types of coal have been compared. The application of HTCFB furnace as well as carry out commissioning activities has made it possible to increase the effectiveness of the KE-10-14 boiler.

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21

Kotowicz, Janusz, Adrian Balicki, and Sebastian Michalski. "Thermodynamic evaluation of supercritical oxy-type power plant with high-temperature three-end membrane for air separation." Archives of Thermodynamics 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoter-2014-0023.

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Abstract Among the technologies which allow to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, mainly of carbon dioxide, special attention deserves the idea of ‘zero-emission’ technology based on boilers working in oxy-combustion technology. In the paper a thermodynamic analysis of supercritical power plant fed by lignite was made. Power plant consists of: 600 MW steam power unit with live steam parameters of 650 °C/30 MPa and reheated steam parameters of 670 °C/6 MPa; circulating fluidized bed boiler working in oxy-combustion technology; air separation unit and installation of the carbon dioxide compression. Air separation unit is based on high temperature membrane working in three-end technology. Models of steam cycle, circulation fluidized bed boiler, air separation unit and carbon capture installation were made using commercial software. After integration of these models the net electricity generation efficiency as a function of the degree of oxygen recovery in high temperature membrane was analyzed.

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22

Ling, Shao Hua, Chang Yong Jing, and Li Juan Zhang. "Analysis Flue Gas Denitration Technology for Small and Medium Sized Coal-Fired Industrial Boilers." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 810–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.810.

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In this paper, flue gas denitration technology in the application of small and medium sized coal-fired industrial boilers are analyzed and discussed. To 65t/h CFB(Circulating Fluidized Bed) industrial boiler, study small and medium sized coal-fired industrial boilers flue gas SNCR denitration technology solutions, and analyzes economic and environmental benefits for small and medium sized coal-fired industrial boilers flue gas SNCR denitration technology.

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Balicki, Adrian, and Łukasz Bartela. "Characteristics modeling for supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler working in oxy-combustion technology." Archives of Thermodynamics 35, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoter-2014-0013.

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Abstract Among the technologies which allow to reduce greenhouse gas emission, mainly carbon dioxide, special attention deserves the idea of ‘zeroemission’ technology based on boilers working in oxy-combustion technology. In the paper the results of analyses of the influence of changing two quantities, namely oxygen share in oxidant produced in the air separation unit, and oxygen share in oxidant supplied to the furnace chamber on the selected characteristics of a steam boiler including the degree of exhaust gas recirculation, boiler efficiency and adiabatic flame temperature, was examined. Due to the possibility of the integration of boiler model with carbon dioxide capture, separation and storage installation, the subject of the analysis was also to determine composition of the flue gas at the outlet of a moisture condensation installation. Required calculations were made using a model of a supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler working in oxy-combustion technology, which was built in a commercial software and in-house codes.

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Liu, Xuemin, Songsong Zhang, Yongqiang Chang, Zhongwei Wang, and Guoli Qi. "Combustion adjustment and operation optimiztion of a 240 t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler." Thermal Science 24, no. 5 Part A (2020): 2689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci191102003l.

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The influence of main operating parameters on boiler performance was studied, such as bed pressure drop, primary air-flow and secondary air-flow. Combustion adjustment tests were carried out on a circulating fluidized bed boiler with rated capacity of 240 t/h. From the test results, it can be seen that the loss due to exit flue gas is the largest heat loss of the boiler, accounting for more than 70% of the total heat losses. For coal fired boilers, compared with the loss due to unburned solids, the loss due to unburned gases is quite small. The unburned carbon con-tent in bottom ash is far lower than the value in fly ash. The trend of CO concentration in the exit flue gas is similar to that of the unburned carbon content in fly ash. To achieve higher boiler efficiency, the bed pressure drop is suggested to be maintained in about 8.5-9.0 kPa and the oxygen content in exit flue gas around 4%. The NOx emission concentration usually presents a negative correlation with CO concentration in exit flue gas. Through combustion adjustment and operation optimization, the NOx emission can be decreased by about 30% without affecting the boiler efficiency.

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Lin, Kae Long, Ta-Wui Cheng, Chih-Hsuan Ho, Yu-Min Chang, and Kang-Wei Lo. "Utilization of Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash as Pozzolanic Material." Open Civil Engineering Journal 11, no. 1 (February 24, 2017): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501711010176.

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A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler generates energy by burning petroleum coke. Because burnt petroleum coke has a high sulfur content, limestone is added to the boiler to reduce the emittance of sulfur dioxide through desulfuration. The residue collected from the boiler is called CFB ash. CFB boilers in Taiwan can produce 328,000 tonnes of CFB fly ash per year. In this study, the pozzolanic characteristics of CFB fly ash were investigated by blending CFB fly ash and ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The CFB fly ash was mainly composed of CaO, SO3, and SiO2 in concentrations of 37.8%, 9.2%, and 2.2%, respectively. The crystals of CFB fly ash contained 3CaO.SiO2, 2CaO.SiO2, Ca(OH)2, C-S-H (Tobermolite), and Ettringite. The results revealed that applying the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure to CFB fly ash renders it suitable for use in blended cement. At later curing ages (90 days), the pore volumes of both the OPC and the CFB-fly-ash-blended cement pastes (CFBFABCP) decreased as the curing time increased. A possible explanation is that C3S and C2S were consumed to form C-S-H gel, resulting in an increase in the Q1 and Q2 groups identified by 29Si Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, the peak of the Q0 group decreased, but those of the Q1 and Q2 peaks increased with an increasing curing time. The pozzolanic activity of the CFBFABCP containing 10% CFB fly ash indicates that it is a suitable substitute for OPC in blended cement.

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Majanne, Yrjö, and Petri Köykkä. "Dynamic Model of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 42, no. 9 (2009): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090705-4-sf-2005.00046.

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KUDO, Kazuhiko, Hiroshi TANIGUCHI, Hiroshi KANEDA, Ke-Hui GUO, and Masahiko MATSUMURA. "Heat transfer simulation in circulating fluidized bed boiler." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 57, no. 535 (1991): 1065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.57.1065.

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28

Qi, Guoli, Songsong Zhang, Xuemin Liu, Jian Guan, Yongqiang Chang, and Zhongwei Wang. "Combustion adjustment test of circulating fluidized bed boiler." Applied Thermal Engineering 124 (September 2017): 1505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.07.005.

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Fang, Jianhua, Qinggang Lu, Bo Wang, Zhonggang Pan, and Dasan Wang. "Combustion model for staged circulating fluidized bed boiler." Journal of Thermal Science 6, no. 1 (March 1997): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11630-997-0018-1.

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30

Rydén, Magnus, Malin Hanning, and Fredrik Lind. "Oxygen Carrier Aided Combustion (OCAC) of Wood Chips in a 12 MWth Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Using Steel Converter Slag as Bed Material." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (December 18, 2018): 2657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122657.

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The novel combustion concept Oxygen Carrier Aided Combustion (OCAC) is realized by addition of an active oxygen-carrying bed material to conventional fluidized bed boilers. The active bed material is meant to become reduced in fuel-rich parts of the boiler and oxidized in oxygen-rich parts, thus potentially providing advantages such as new mechanisms for oxygen transport in space and time. In this study, oxygen-carrier particles prepared from so called Linz-Donawitz (LD)-slag are examined as active bed material in a 12 MWth Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler. LD-slag is the second largest by-product in steel making and is generated in the basic LD oxygen converter process. The experimental campaign lasted for two full weeks. The fuel was wood chips. LD-slag worked well from an operational point of view and no problems related to handling, agglomeration or sintering were experienced, albeit the production of fly ash increased. The boiler temperature profile suggested that fuel conversion in the main boiler body was facilitated, but the effect did not readily translate into reduced emissions from the stack. Spraying an aqueous solution of ammonium sulphate directly into the cyclone outlet with the aim of rejecting alkali metals as alkali suphates was found to solve the problems related to carbon monoxide emissions, suggesting that the problems could be due to the poor ability of LD-slag to absorb certain ash components. Use of a mixed bed consisting of 10–50 wt% LD-slag, with the remaining part being silica sand for ash absorption, also worked well. It is concluded that LD-slag could be a very cheap and readily available oxygen-carrying bed material for use in fluidized bed applications.

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Joung, Hyun-Tae, Seung-Ki Back, Min-Ho Lee, Byung-Kwon Koo, and Yong-Chil Seo. "Identification of Boiler Tube Clinker Formation in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers." Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management 34, no. 3 (April 30, 2017): 282–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2017.34.3.282.

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32

Prikk, A., M. Hiltunen, and P. Makkonen. "CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS." Oil Shale 14, no. 3S (1997): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/oil.1997.3.09.

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33

Jin, Yan, Cui Ying Feng, and Juan Juan Liu. "Experimental Study on Microstructure of Fly-Ash from Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers." Advanced Materials Research 354-355 (October 2011): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.354-355.413.

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Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustion techniques have been widely used in China. In order to improve CFB boiler performance it is necessary to study on microstructures of fly-ash. With the help of nitrogen adsorption instrument and scanning electron microscopy, the pore structure of fly-ash in circulating fluidized bed boilers are studied by nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms of fly-ash, hysteresis loop and pore distribution. The results indicated that different particle sizes of fly-ash in CFB boilers are of similar nitrogen adsorption isotherms, pore types and the pore size distribution, and the most probable pore radius of fly-ash is about 2nm. Adsorption isotherms of fly-ash is the second type, and the macro-porous and meso-porous types are tapered hole, parallel plate slit hole and the ink bottle shape hole. And meso-pore in proportion is the largest. Micro-pores are not discovered in fly-ash from CFB boilers.

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He, Hong Zhou, and Huang Huang Zhuang. "Study on the Optimal Running Temperature of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Burning Fujian Anthracite." Advanced Materials Research 732-733 (August 2013): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.732-733.291.

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There is a contradiction in selecting the running temperature for CFB boilers burning Fujian anthracite, in order to simultaneously satisfy the requirement of efficient combustion and high desulfurization efficiency. Based on numerical simulation and industrial experiments, the effect of the running temperature on the carbon content in fly ash and the desulfurization efficiency were analyzed for two types of CFB boilers with different capacities. It is found that, with the rise of running temperature, both decrease quasi-linearly. For the 75 t/h CFB boiler, when the running temperature is lower than 950 °C, the carbon content in fly ash is very high, causing a low burnout efficiency; maintaining the running temperature at 1000 °C is favorable for the fine char to be burned out, however, continuous raise becomes almost useless. For 440 t/h CFB boiler, a higher burnout rate of the fine char particles can be obtained when the running temperature is kept at about 950 °C, and further increase brings no evident benefit either. For the 75 t/h and 440 t/h CFB boilers burning Fujian anthracite, considering both the boiler efficiency and the combustion desulfurization efficiency, the optimal running temperature should be respectively about 980 °C and 950 °C.

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Wang, Qing, Hai Bo Long, Hong Peng Liu, and Zhi Feng Wang. "Process Simulation of Oil Shale Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Based on Aspen Plus." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.49.

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A model for the combustion of oil shale in the 65t/h circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler was developed, consisting of oil shale combustion, steam-water and ash circulation system, calculating the O2 and RO2 content of flue gas emission under three kinds of oil shale combustion in 65t/h CFB boiler. The calculated results indicate that the simulation values are consistent with the experimental values. Effect of boiler load on the temperature of furnace, flue gas emission, inlet and outlet flue gas of economizer was discussed based on the model. Boiler load on the increase results in a increase in temperature of furnace, flue gas emission, inlet and outlet flue gas of economizer. The main performance parameters of 65t/h oil shale CFB boiler system were discussed and preliminarily predicted by the model.

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Dong, Heming, Yu Zhang, Qian Du, Jianmin Gao, Qi Shang, Dongdong Feng, and Yudong Huang. "Generation and Emission Characteristics of Fine Particles Generated by Power Plant Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." Energies 15, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 6892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15196892.

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The generation and emission characteristics of fine particulates (PM2.5) from three 300 MW power plant circulating fluidized bed boilers were investigated. One boiler had an external bed and used an electrostatic precipitator, the other two used an electrostatic filter precipitator and fabric filter, respectively. The particle size distribution of fine particles was performed by an electrical low-pressure impactor. PM2.5 samplers were used at the same time to collect fine particles for subsequent laboratory analysis. The results show that the number size distributions of fine particles presented one single peak, but there was no peak in mass size distributions. The mass concentrations of three CFB boilers were similar, but the number concentration of the external bed CFB boiler was much higher than that of the general CFB boiler. The minimum removal efficiencies of the precipitator appeared between 0.1~1 μm, but the locations of the minimum point were different. The morphology of fine particles was mostly irregular. The highest content of fine particles was insoluble oxides and the content of S element was also high. Different precipitators have different removal effects on Si, Al, Ca, S and Fe in fine particles, but they all have poor removal effects on Na and K as well as OC and EC.

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Błaszczuk, Artur, Wojciech Nowak, and Szymon Jagodzik. "Bed-To-Wall Heat Transfer in a Supercritical Circulating Fluidised Bed Boiler." Chemical and Process Engineering 35, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cpe-2014-0015.

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Abstract The purpose of this work is to find a correlation for heat transfer to walls in a 1296 t/h supercritical circulating fluidised bed (CFB) boiler. The effect of bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficient in a long active heat transfer surface was discussed, excluding the radiation component. Experiments for four different unit loads (i.e. 100% MCR, 80% MCR, 60% MCR and 40% MCR) were conducted at a constant excess air ratio and high level of bed pressure (ca. 6 kPa) in each test run. The empirical correlation of the heat transfer coefficient in a large-scale CFB boiler was mainly determined by two key operating parameters, suspension density and bed temperature. Furthermore, data processing was used in order to develop empirical correlation ranges between 3.05 to 5.35 m·s-1 for gas superficial velocity, 0.25 to 0.51 for the ratio of the secondary to the primary air, 1028 to 1137K for bed temperature inside the furnace chamber of a commercial CFB boiler, and 1.20 to 553 kg·m-3 for suspension density. The suspension density was specified on the base of pressure measurements inside the boiler’s combustion chamber using pressure sensors. Pressure measurements were collected at the measuring ports situated on the front wall of the combustion chamber. The obtained correlation of the heat transfer coefficient is in agreement with the data obtained from typical industrial CFB boilers.

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Shi, Jianzhong. "Identification of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Bed Temperature Based on Hyper-Plane-Shaped Fuzzy C-Regression Model." International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications 19, no. 04 (October 7, 2020): 2050029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1469026820500297.

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Bed temperature in dense-phase zone is the key parameter of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler for stable combustion and economic operation. It is difficult to establish an accurate bed temperature model as the complexity of circulating fluidized bed combustion system. T-S fuzzy model was widely applied in the system identification for it can approximate complex nonlinear system with high accuracy. Fuzzy c-regression model (FCRM) clustering based on hyper-plane-shaped distance has the advantages in describing T-S fuzzy model, and Gaussian function was adapted in antecedent membership function of T-S fuzzy model. However, Gaussian fuzzy membership function was more suitable for clustering algorithm using point to point distance, such as fuzzy c-means (FCM). In this paper, a hyper-plane-shaped FCRM clustering algorithm for T-S fuzzy model identification algorithm is proposed. The antecedent membership function of proposed identification algorithm is defined by a hyper-plane-shaped membership function and an improved fuzzy partition method is applied. To illustrate the efficiency of the proposed identification algorithm, the algorithm is applied in four nonlinear systems which shows higher identification accuracy and simplified identification process. At last, the algorithm is used in a circulating fluidized bed boiler bed temperature identification process, and gets better identification result.

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Huang, Zhong, Jimiao Long, Lei Deng, and Defu Che. "Feasibility Study of Using Carbide Slag as In-Bed Desulfurizer in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." Applied Sciences 9, no. 21 (October 24, 2019): 4517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9214517.

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Carbide slag is a waste residue during the production of acetylene. Due to its high content of Ca(OH)2, carbide slag becomes a potential alternative to limestone as the in-bed desulfurizer of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers. In this study, the calcination and sulfation characteristics of carbide slag were investigated by three different facilities, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), 1 MWth pilot CFB boiler, and 690 t·h−1 CFB boiler. Pore structures and sulfation behaviors of carbide slag and limestone were investigated for the sake of comparison. The results showed that carbide slag has a lower calcination temperature than limestone. Its calcined product has a better pore structure and desulfurization activity. The carbide slag exhibited a higher desulfurization efficiency than the limestone in the pilot tests. The SO2 emission concentration showed a downward trend with the increase of molar fraction of carbide slag in the desulfurizer. Meanwhile, carbide slag had a better sintering-resistance property, which makes it possible to effectively reduce SO2 emissions even at high combustion temperatures (>910 °C). While the field test results were similar to that of the pilot tests, the desulfurization efficiency of carbide slag with the same Ca/S mole ratio was higher than that of limestone. The fine size of carbide slag particles and the lower separation efficiency of the cyclone on the 690 t·h−1 boiler left the carbide slag with insufficient residence time in the furnace. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure a high separation efficiency of the cyclone if the carbide slag is used as an alternative desulfurizer in furnace.

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Su, Jian Min, and Nan Hu. "Application of Fluidization Reconstruction Energy-Saving Combustion Technology on 300MW CFB Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.140.

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Aiming at high power consumption by auxiliaries of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler, combustion tests were carried out on a 300MW inferior anthracite fired CFB boiler to decrease the bed material inventory via energy saving combustion technologies for CFB boiler based on fluidization reconstruction. The effects of fluidization reconstruction on boiler performance improvement were analyzed. Application practices show that after fluidization reconstruction, the power consumed by auxiliaries of the CFB boiler decreases obviously. Auxiliary power ratio of the 300MW boiler unit has been reduced from 6.1% to 4.3%. The erosion of boiler heating surface has been alleviated obviously.

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Wang, Zhong Jie, Ning Han, and Jia Wang. "The Study on the Fuzzy Control Algorithm for Main Steam Pressure Control of Circulated Fluidized Bed Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2092–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2092.

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The main steam Pressure is one of the most important guidelines on Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler (CFBB) operation quality and an important part in control system of CFBB. However, It is very difficult to establish the exact mathematical models of controlled objects because the combustion system of circulating fluidized bed boiler is an object that has many features: distributed parameters, nonlinear, time-varying and long time-delaying. it is unfavorable to control it with traditional controller. Therefore , In this paper fuzzy controller is used in controlling main vapor pressure systems of CFBB, and the fuzzy cascade control system is designed. In computer simulation, the fuzzy cascade control system exert stably, and has perfect control effect to main vapor pressure systems of CFBB.

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Jiang, X., L. Dechang, C. Hanping, Z. Chuguang, and Q. Yukun. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON OIL SHALE CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER." Oil Shale 18, no. 1 (2001): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/oil.2001.1.08.

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43

Findejs, Jiří, Vladimír Havlena, Jan Jech, and Daniel Pachner. "Model Based Control of the Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 42, no. 9 (2009): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090705-4-sf-2005.00010.

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Mori, Shigekatsu, Kimihito Narukawa, Tatsuo Mii, Yoshitada Tomoyasu, and Shigeyuki Takebayashi. "Dynamic Model of Circulating Fluidized Bed Coal-Fired Boiler." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 59, no. 560 (1993): 1356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.59.1356.

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Zeng, Guang, Sen Lin Zhao, Lai Wei, Run Ze Huang, and Modiri Badirwang. "Experimental Study on Technical Difficulties of Botswana First Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler during Loading Process." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.357.

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For study of technical difficulties that make Botswana first CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed) boiler can’t reach full load at beginning of loading process, first experiments were carried out as awful experimental cases to analyze influencing factors; Second experiments were carried out as tentative experimental cases to select useful solutions; Third experiments were carried out as targeted experimental cases to execute chose solutions. Results indicate that one prominent difficulty during CFB boiler reaching full load is that boiler operation bed temperature was too high which was a comprehensive effect with some other influencing factors. CFB boiler bed temperature MFT (Main Fuel Trip) set point slight increasing, grain size changing of both start-up material and feeding coal, limestone injecting, fluidizing air of seal pot and FBHE appropriate controlling and FBHE (Fluid Bed Heat Exchanger) gradually start working are taken simultaneously, all these effective solutions solve the technical difficulties and accelerate the boiler reach full load, but attentions still need to be paid for the boiler stable operation permanently in future.

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Wang, Shu Qin, and Kun Ling Jiao. "Numerical Calculation & Experiment of Effects of Additive on NO Discharge in Fluidized Bed Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 1626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.1626.

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The effects of the coal char on reducing NO emission with and without additive were studied at high temperature in order to decrease the fuel-N discharge in the circulating fluidized bed boiler. According to the experimental results, combining the calculating models and boundary conditions, the NO content distribution with and without additive were separately calculated through the FLUENT6.3 in a 460t/h CFB.The results indicated that the coal char specific surface area and reaction rate constant were increased with the addition of additive; the calculating models was suited; The NO weight percent was decreased with the addition of TiO2additive in the CFB. The experiments and simulation results suggested a reference basis is provided for improving the removal effect of the feul-N in circulating fluidized bed boiler.

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Salamov, A. A. "Circulating fluidized bed boilers abroad." Thermal Engineering 54, no. 6 (June 2007): 501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s004060150706016x.

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Liu, Xuemin, Hairui Yang, and Junfu Lyu. "Optimization of Fluidization State of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler for Economical Operation." Energies 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020376.

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To reduce the auxiliary power consumption and improve the reliability of large-scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers, we developed energy-saving CFB combustion technology based on the fluidization state re-specification. A calculation model of coal comminution energy consumption was used to analyze the change in comminution energy consumption, and a 1D CFB combustion model was modified to predict the operation parameters under the fluidization state optimization conditions. With a CFB boiler of 480 t/h, the effect of fluidization state optimization on the economical operation was analyzed using the above two models. We found that combustion efficiency presents a nonmonotonic trend with the change in the bed pressure drop and feeding coal size. There are an optimal bed pressure drop and a corresponding feeding coal size distribution, under which the net coal consumption is the lowest. Low bed pressure drop operation achieved by reducing the coal particle size is not beneficial to SO2 and NOx emission control, and the pollutant control cost increases. The effect of fluidization state optimization on the gross cost of power supply can be calculated, and the optimal bed pressure drop can be obtained.

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Xu, Yuan Ping, Hua Zhou, and Qing Yin Jiang. "Simulation of Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Boiler Oxygen-Enriched Combustion." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.139.

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In this paper, we focus on the relationship between oxygen-enriched combustion efficiency and oxygen content of primary air under N2 /O2 atmosphere combustion on CFB boiler. Firstly, an entirely possible of CFB boiler oxygen-enriched combustion model was proposed. Secondly, a platform was built for simulation of CFB combustion process on XD-APC configuration software. Finally, industrial simulation with industrial data was going on to prove the platform was reasonable. The simulation results were consistent of industrial data. It shows the simulation platform reliability, and the model accuracy. On this basis, coal combustion efficiency was simulated. It shows that the combustion efficiency increases following by oxygen content increasing. It’s economic for real process when oxygen content chooses from 25% to 30%.

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Qi, Guo Li, Jian Guan, and Hao Leng. "Discuss on Post Combustion Characteristics of the 116MW Circulating Fluidized Bed Hot Water Boiler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 1714–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1714.

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116MW circulating fluidized bed hot water boiler performance testing was carried out that found that burning high volatile lignite had post combustion phenomenon of separator yet. The phenomenon of post-combustion research results show that flue gas outlet temperature rise of the separation can be significantly reduced by adjusting the twelve wind ratio; Increasing coal-fired granularity which was able to reduce the separator post combustion phenomenon; Moderate post combustion of separation was able to improve boiler efficiency and reduce N2O. These results can provide guidance for improving boiler operation technology and improving the boiler design standard.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Circulating fluidized bed boiler'

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