Relevant bibliographies by topics / CIRCULAR HARMONICS

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'CIRCULAR HARMONICS'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "CIRCULAR HARMONICS"

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Fan, Tingting, Patrik Grychtol, Ronny Knut, Carlos Hernández-García, Daniel D. Hickstein, Dmitriy Zusin, Christian Gentry, et al. "Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 46 (November 3, 2015): 14206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519666112.

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We demonstrate, to our knowledge, the first bright circularly polarized high-harmonic beams in the soft X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and use them to implement X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements in a tabletop-scale setup. Using counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields at 1.3 and 0.79 µm, we generate circularly polarized harmonics with photon energies exceeding 160 eV. The harmonic spectra emerge as a sequence of closely spaced pairs of left and right circularly polarized peaks, with energies determined by conservation of energy and spin angular momentum. We explain the single-atom and macroscopic physics by identifying the dominant electron quantum trajectories and optimal phase-matching conditions. The first advanced phase-matched propagation simulations for circularly polarized harmonics reveal the influence of the finite phase-matching temporal window on the spectrum, as well as the unique polarization-shaped attosecond pulse train. Finally, we use, to our knowledge, the first tabletop X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at the N4,5 absorption edges of Gd to validate the high degree of circularity, brightness, and stability of this light source. These results demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating the polarization, spectrum, and temporal shape of high harmonics in the soft X-ray region by manipulating the driving laser waveform.
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Klemke, Nicolai, Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean, Giulio M. Rossi, Yudong Yang, Roland E. Mainz, Giuseppe Di Sciacca, Angel Rubio, Franz X. Kärtner, and Oliver D. Mücke. "Polarization states of high-harmonics generated in silicon from elliptical drivers." EPJ Web of Conferences 205 (2019): 02022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920502022.

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The polarization states of high-harmonics generated in silicon with elliptical excitation are studies. Circularly polarized harmonics are demonstrated with both circular and non-circular excitation, determined by crystal symmetry and the dynamical response of the system.
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Snape-Jenkinson, C. J., S. Crozier, and L. K. Forbes. "NMR shim coil design utilising a rapid spherical harmonic calculation method." ANZIAM Journal 43, no. 3 (January 2002): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446181100012578.

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AbstractA rapid spherical harmonic calculation method is used for the design of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance shim coils. The aim is to design each shim such that it generates a field described purely by a single spherical harmonic. By applying simulated annealing techniques, coil arrangements are produced through the optimal positioning of current-carrying circular arc conductors of rectangular cross-section. This involves minimizing the undesirable harmonics in relation to a target harmonic. The design method is flexible enough to be applied for the production of coil arrangements that generate fields consisting significantly of either zonal or tesseral harmonics. Results are presented for several coil designs which generate tesseral harmonics of degree one.
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Xie, Duan, Yan Yin, Tongpu Yu, Hongyu Zhou, and Dongxia Li. "High harmonic generation by co-rotating bi-circular laser fields interaction with relativistic plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 10 (October 2022): 103107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0110746.

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We present an investigation of high harmonic generation (HHG) from relativistic plasmas driven by two-color co-rotating circularly polarized (CP) laser fields at various frequency ratios [Formula: see text]. The theoretical analysis and the particle-in-cell simulation results reveal that when [Formula: see text], CP harmonics with opposite helicities can appear simultaneously due to the relativistic mirror effect and the related conservation laws. Meanwhile, the harmonic spectra features (including the HHG efficiency, the allowed harmonic orders, and their polarization states) can be tuned through adjusting the frequency and intensity ratio of the two driving field components. This finding might be helpful for a consummate understanding of the bi-circular HHG technique.
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Khangale, Z. N., S. B. Potter, P. A. Woudt, D. A. H. Buckley, A. N. Semena, E. J. Kotze, D. N. Groenewald, et al. "A spectroscopic, photometric, polarimetric, and radio study of the eclipsing polar UZ Fornacis: the first simultaneous SALT and MeerKAT observations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 3 (January 11, 2020): 4298–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa080.

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ABSTRACT We present phase-resolved spectroscopy, photometry, and circular spectropolarimetry of the eclipsing polar UZ Fornacis. Doppler tomography of the strongest emission lines using the inside-out projection revealed the presence of three emission regions: from the irradiated face of the secondary star, the ballistic stream and the threading region, and the magnetically confined accretion stream. The total intensity spectrum shows broad emission features and a continuum that rises in the blue. The circularly polarized spectrum shows the presence of three cyclotron emission harmonics at ∼4500, 6000, and 7700 Å, corresponding to harmonic numbers 4, 3, and 2, respectively. These features are dominant before the eclipse and disappear after the eclipse. The harmonics are consistent with a magnetic field strength of ∼57 MG. We also present phase-resolved circular and linear photopolarimetry to complement the spectropolarimetry around the times of eclipse. MeerKAT radio observations show a faint source that has a peak flux density of 30.7 ± 5.4 $\mu$Jy beam−1 at 1.28 GHz at the position of UZ For.
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Holmes, Stewart. "Circular harmonics beamforming with spheroidal baffles." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no. 5 (May 2013): 3524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4806335.

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Ahmad, Mahmoud, Najah Kabalan, and Samar Omran. "An Analytical Study of the Diffraction of Light by a Circular Aperture Using Spherical Harmonics for n≤1." International Journal of Optics 2020 (June 9, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3057674.

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Based on the importance of spherical harmonics and their applicability in many physical problems, this research aimed to study the diffraction pattern of light by a circular aperture starting from the first Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction equation and to expand the polar radius of a point on the surface of the circular aperture based on spherical harmonics. We depended on this theoretical framework in our paper. We calculated the optical intensity compounds C00,C10,C11,C1−1 for n=0,1,m=−1,0,1. We studied the intensity distributions in three special cases (along the optical axis, at the geometrical focal plane, and along the boundary of the geometrical shadow). We presented numerical comparative examples to illustrate the variation of the intensity versus a ratio (Z/A is the ratio of the distance between the circular aperture and the observation plane to a radius of the circular aperture), and we used Maple program to represent these results. We noticed that the expansion we made using spherical harmonic analysis led to an increase in the number of fringes bright enough to be visible to the naked eye. We then concluded with a brief discussion of the results.
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Rylyuk, V. M. "Tunneling and multiphoton ionization of atoms in two-color linear and circular laser fields and possibility of coherent polarization control of terahertz waves." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 29 (October 28, 2020): 2050275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220502756.

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The tunneling and multiphoton ionization of atoms in an intense two-color linearly and circularly polarized laser fields are discussed in the Keldysh theory framework. We use the “imaginary-time” method, where tunneling of the photoelectron is described by the classical equations of motion but with purely imaginary “time.” Together with using of the saddle-point method, this allows to obtain the dependence of the total ionization rate and the net photoelectron current, generated due to the interaction of an intense two-color laser field with an atom, on the ratio of the second and fundamental harmonic amplitudes, their relative phase and an angle between harmonics. Application of the “imaginary-time” method also allows us to specify the parameters maximizing the net photocurrent and to determine the Coulomb correction to the ionization rate. We investigate the properties of polarization and spectral intensity of terahertz (THz) radiation and also the possibility of the coherent control of THz waves polarization in two-color scheme, through the relative phase between harmonics. We theoretically demonstrate that the amplification of THz radiation in the case of parallel co-rotating circular laser pulses is greater than for a combination of circularly and linearly polarized harmonics and provides the most promising conditions for increasing the efficiency of THz emission and coherent control of the THz beam polarization.
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Buznikov, N. A., A. S. Antonov, and A. A. Rakhmanov. "Bias Current Effect on Nonlinear Magnetoimpedance Response in Amorphous Wires with Circular Anisotropy." Solid State Phenomena 152-153 (April 2009): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.152-153.329.

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The effect of bias current on the appearance of higher harmonics in the nonlinear mag¬netoimpedance in amorphous wires with a circular anisotropy is studied. The rotational model to calculate the voltage response in the case of a weak skin effect is proposed. It is shown that the ap¬plication of the bias current may lead to significant increase of the second harmonic amplitude in the voltage. The conditions of maximum field sensitivity of the second harmonic are found.
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Ghaffarian, Mohammad Saeid, Gholamreza Moradi, and Reza Zaker. "Harmonic Suppressed Slot Antennas Using Rectangular/Circular Defected Ground Structures." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/721565.

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Two wide rectangle-shaped microstrip-fed 2.6-GHz slot antennas using defected ground structures (DGSs) with a low design complexity are proposed to achieve wideband harmonic suppression. To accomplish this, two rectangular DGSs (RDGSs) in the first antenna and two circular DGSs (CDGSs) in the second one with various dimensions are etched into the ground plane, which could have a wideband-stop characteristic. Simulated and measured reflection coefficients indicate that the two proposed structures effectively suppress the second and third harmonics up to 23 dB between 3.5 and 10.5 GHz with a maximum ripple of 2.4 dB. In addition, the radiation patterns and peak gains of the antennas can be suppressed at least 17 dB and 7.1 dBi, respectively, at the third harmonic frequency of 7.86 GHz.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CIRCULAR HARMONICS"

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Quellmalz, Michael. "Reconstructing Functions on the Sphere from Circular Means." Universitätsverlag Chemnitz, 2019. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38406.

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The present thesis considers the problem of reconstructing a function f that is defined on the d-dimensional unit sphere from its mean values along hyperplane sections. In case of the two-dimensional sphere, these plane sections are circles. In many tomographic applications, however, only limited data is available. Therefore, one is interested in the reconstruction of the function f from its mean values with respect to only some subfamily of all hyperplane sections of the sphere. Compared with the full data case, the limited data problem is more challenging and raises several questions. The first one is the injectivity, i.e., can any function be uniquely reconstructed from the available data? Further issues are the stability of the reconstruction, which is closely connected with a description of the range, as well as the demand for actual inversion methods or algorithms. We provide a detailed coverage and answers of these questions for different families of hyperplane sections of the sphere such as vertical slices, sections with hyperplanes through a common point and also incomplete great circles. Such reconstruction problems arise in various practical applications like Compton camera imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic tomography, Radar imaging or seismic imaging. Furthermore, we apply our findings about spherical means to the cone-beam transform and prove its singular value decomposition.
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem der Rekonstruktion einer Funktion f, die auf der d-dimensionalen Einheitssphäre definiert ist, anhand ihrer Mittelwerte entlang von Schnitten mit Hyperebenen. Im Fall d=2 sind diese Schnitte genau die Kreise auf der Sphäre. In vielen tomografischen Anwendungen sind aber nur eingeschränkte Daten verfügbar. Deshalb besteht das Interesse an der Rekonstruktion der Funktion f nur anhand der Mittelwerte bestimmter Familien von Hyperebenen-Schnitten der Sphäre. Verglichen mit dem Fall vollständiger Daten birgt dieses Problem mehrere Herausforderungen und Fragen. Die erste ist die Injektivität, also können alle Funktionen anhand der gegebenen Daten eindeutig rekonstruiert werden? Weitere Punkte sind die die Frage nach der Stabilität der Rekonstruktion, welche eng mit einer Beschreibung der Bildmenge verbunden ist, sowie der praktische Bedarf an Rekonstruktionsmethoden und -algorithmen. Diese Arbeit gibt einen detaillierten Überblick und Antworten auf diese Fragen für verschiedene Familien von Hyperebenen-Schnitten, angefangen von vertikalen Schnitten über Schnitte mit Hyperebenen durch einen festen Punkt sowie Kreisbögen. Solche Rekonstruktionsprobleme treten in diversen Anwendungen auf wie der Bildgebung mittels Compton-Kamera, Magnetresonanztomografie, fotoakustischen Tomografie, Radar-Bildgebung sowie der Tomografie seismischer Wellen. Weiterhin nutzen wir unsere Ergebnisse über sphärische Mittelwerte, um eine Singulärwertzerlegung für die Kegelstrahltomografie zu zeigen.
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Khoshniat, Ali. "A Linearly and Circularly Polarized Active Integrated Antenna." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/881.

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This thesis work presents a new harmonic suppression technique for microstrip patch antennas. Harmonic suppression in active integrated antennas is known as an effective method to improve the efficiency of amplifiers in transmitter side. In the proposed design, the antenna works as the radiating element and, at the same time, as the tuning load for the amplifier circuit that is directly matched to the antenna. The proposed active antenna architecture is easy to fabricate and is symmetric, so it can be conveniently mass-produced and designed to have circular polarization, which is preferred in many applications such as satellite communications. The antenna simulations were performed using Ansoft High Frequency System Simulator (HFSS) and all amplifier design steps were simulated by Advanced Design System (ADS). The final prototypes of the linearly polarized active integrated antenna and the circularly polarized active integrated antenna were fabricated using a circuit board milling machine. The antenna radiation pattern was measured inside Utah State University's anechoic chamber and the results were satisfactory. Power measurements for the amplifiers' performance were carried out inside the chamber and calculated by using the Friis transmission equation. It is seen that a significant improvement in the efficiency is achieved compared to the reference antenna without harmonic suppression. Based on the success in the single element active antenna design, the thesis also presents a feasibility of applying the active integrated antenna in array configuration, in particular, in scanning array design to yield a low-profile, low-cost alternative to the parabolic antenna transmitter of satellite communication systems.
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Salahifar, Raydin. "Analysis of Pipeline Systems Under Harmonic Forces." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19820.

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Starting with tensor calculus and the variational form of the Hamiltonian functional, a generalized theory is formulated for doubly curved thin shells. The formulation avoids geometric approximations commonly adopted in other formulations. The theory is then specialized for cylindrical and toroidal shells as special cases, both of interest in the modeling of straight and elbow segments of pipeline systems. Since the treatment avoids geometric approximations, the cylindrical shell theory is believed to be more accurate than others reported in the literature. By adopting a set of consistent geometric approximations, the present theory is shown to revert to the well known Flugge shell theory. Another set of consistent geometric approximations is shown to lead to the Donnell-Mushtari-Vlasov (DMV) theory. A general closed form solution of the theory is developed for cylinders under general harmonic loads. The solution is then used to formulate a family of exact shape functions which are subsequently used to formulate a super-convergent finite element. The formulation efficiently and accurately captures ovalization, warping, radial expansion, and other shell behavioural modes under general static or harmonic forces either in-phase or out-of-phase. Comparisons with shell solutions available in Abaqus demonstrate the validity of the formulation and the accuracy of its predictions. The generalized thin shell theory is then specialized for toroidal shells. Consistent sets of approximations lead to three simplified theories for toroidal shells. The first set of approximations has lead to a theory comparable to that of Sanders while the second set of approximation has lead to a theory nearly identical to the DMV theory for toroidal shells. A closed form solution is then obtained for the governing equation. Exact shape functions are then developed and subsequently used to formulate a finite element. Comparisons with Abaqus solutions show the validity of the formulation for short elbow segments under a variety of loading conditions. Because of their efficiency, the finite elements developed are particularly suited for the analysis of long pipeline systems.
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Santos, Nalzira Medalha dos. "Os processos circulares como instrumento para a investigação dos elementos que contribuem para a relação harmoniosa entre professor e aluno." Universidade de Taubaté, 2015. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=788.

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This work is related to a research about teacher-student relationship developed with seventeen teachers from a public school, from a country town in São Paulo State. The aims are: from the educator point of view, investigate which elements contribute to a harmonious relationship between teacher and student and inquire, from the same point of view, which are the obstacles that challenge the current teacher-student relationship. For that, the circular process technique was used as a methodology, where some questions related to the teacher and student relationship were proposed, they were recorded and then transcribed for further analysis, according to the model of Bardin. The theoretical basis was mainly from Vygotsky concerning to: the close relation between cognition and affectivity, to the importance of the environment as a source for the individual development, and still considering the relation between thinking and language, the meaning of words, being all this together with the concept of perezhivanie, fundamental inputs for this research. According to the analysis of the collected answers, reported by the subjects of the research about their emotional experiences relating to the memories of the elements that characterize the good relationship between teacher and student, it was observed that the subjects value the human and emotional aspects, but do not stop to consider the aspects of technical and pedagogical character, which also represent the appreciation and respect of teachers by students, resulting in personal appreciation that enables to create affective bonds. As for the difficulties and challenges of teacher-student relationship today, a large percentage of answers showed factors outside the school (lack of values in the family and society) as the main responsible. These responses encourage a reflection on how to solve this problem. In the view of the surveyed teachers, the found alternatives take again the importance of human and affective aspects. It is believed that this work will contribute to the reflection on the harmonious coexistence between teachers and students, as this relationship becomes a key factor in the educational process.
Este trabalho diz respeito a uma pesquisa sobre a relação professor-aluno realizada com dezessete professores de uma escola municipal de uma cidade do interior paulista. Os objetivos são: investigar, segundo o ponto de vista docente, quais elementos contribuem para uma relação harmoniosa entre professor e aluno e inquirir, segundo o mesmo ponto de vista, as dificuldades que caracterizam os desafios da atual relação professor-aluno. Para tanto, utilizou-se como metodologia a técnica do Processo Circular em que foram propostas algumas questões referentes à relação professor-aluno, as quais foram gravadas e posteriormente transcritas, a fim de serem analisadas segundo os constructos da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. A fundamentação teórica apoiou-se sobretudo em Vygotsky no que diz respeito à indissociação entre cognição e afetividade, ao papel do ambiente como fonte de desenvolvimento, abordando ainda a relação entre pensamento e linguagem, o sentido da palavra, sendo estes, juntamente com o conceito de perezhivanie, aportes fundamentais para esta pesquisa. De acordo com a análise das respostas colhidas a partir do relato das experiências emocionais dos sujeitos de pesquisa referentes às memórias acerca dos elementos que caracterizam a boa relação entre professor-aluno, foi possível observar que os sujeitos valorizam os aspectos humanos e afetivos, mas não deixam de considerar os aspectos de caráter técnico-pedagógico, os quais também representam o apreço e o respeito do professor pelo aluno, traduzindo-se em valorização pessoal, capaz de criar vínculos afetivos. Quanto às dificuldades e desafios da relação professor-aluno nos dias atuais, um grande percentual de respostas apresentou os fatores externos à escola (falta de valores na família e na sociedade) como os principais responsáveis. Essas respostas incentivam uma reflexão acerca de como resolver essa problemática. Na visão dos professores pesquisados, as alternativas encontradas retomam a importância de aspectos humanos e afetivos. Acredita-se que esse trabalho poderá contribuir para a reflexão sobre a convivência harmoniosa entre professores e alunos, uma vez que tal relação torna-se um fator fundamental no processo educativo.
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Herald, Christopher R., and Christopher R. Herald. "The Advent of an Artist-Composer Movement Exemplified by the Works of Saxophonists Colin Stetson, Evan Parker, and Contemporaries." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625662.

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Arising out of the avant-garde jazz tradition, a particular genre of solo saxophone music has emerged that combines stylistic attributes of avant-garde jazz and improvisation with minimalism, and is dependent on circular breathing, harmonic manipulation, and other techniques. To distinguish the music and the saxophonists and composers associated with it I have referred to this genre as "post avant-garde." With its roots ultimately in avant-garde jazz of the 1960s, this genre arose through the solo improvisation work of Evan Parker from the 1970s to present, and the music has since been an influence on the work of Colin Stetson and other artists, as well as composers including Gordon Fitzell and Alex Mincek. This document examines a previously unacknowledged but distinct genre of solo saxophone music, as well as the music of associated artists and composers.
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Kumar, Bhunesh. "Design of Harmonic Filters for Renewable Energy Applications." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1862.

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Harmonics are created by non-linear devices connected to the power system. Power system harmonics are multiples of the fundamental power system frequency and these harmonic frequencies can create distorted voltages and currents. Distortion of voltages and currents can affect the power system adversely causing power quality problems. Therefore, estimation of harmonics is of high importance for efficiency of the power system network. The problem of harmonic loss evaluation is of growing importance for renewable power system industry by impacting the operating costs and the useful life of the system components. Non-linear devices such as power electronics converters can inject harmonics alternating currents (AC) in the electrical power system. The number of sensitive loads that require ideal sinusoidal supply voltage for their proper operation has been increasing. To maintain the quality limits proposed by standards to protect the sensitive loads, it is necessary to include some form of filtering device to the power system. Harmonics also increases overall reactive power demanded by equivalent load. Filters have been devised to achieve an optimal control strategy for harmonic alleviation problems. To achieve an acceptable distortion, increase the power quality and to reduce the harmonics hence several three phase filter banks are used and connected in parallel. In this thesis, high order harmonics cases have been suppressed by employing variants of Butterworth, Chebyshev and Cauer filters. MATLAB/SIMULINK wind farm model was used to generate and analyze the different harmonics magnitude and frequency. High voltage direct current (HVDC) lines for an electrical grid that is more than50km far away wind farm generation plant was investigated for harmonics. These HVDC lines are also used in offshore wind farm plant. Investigated three-phase harmonics filters are shunt elements that are used in power systems for decreasing voltage distortion and for correcting the power factor. Renewable energy sources are not the stable source of energy generation like wind, solar and tidal e.t.c. Though they are secondary sources of generation and hard to connect with electrical grid. In near future the technique is to use the wave digital filter (WDF) or circulator-tree wave digital filter (CTWDF) for the renewable energy application can be employed to mitigate the harmonics. These WDF and CTWDF can b eused in HVDC lines and smart grid applications. A preliminary analysis is conducted for such a study.
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Bakhshi, Shashwat. "Numerical Analysis to Study the Effect of Sag and Non-circular Whirl Orbits on the Damping Performance of a Squeeze Film Damper." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522420027908978.

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David, Anca Hélène. "L'évolution du droit de l'environnement de l'Union européenne : un outil de mise en place de l'économie verte et circulaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB177.

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L'évolution du droit de l'environnement de l'Union européenne a conduit au développement d'un objectif nouveau qui vise à promouvoir l'éco-innovation et les modèles d'entreprise verts, afin de mettre en place une économie verte et circulaire. Ce nouvel objectif a eu des conséquences sur sa forme et son contenu. En effet, la forme du droit de l'Union européenne en matière d'environnement est dominée par des directives-cadres et présente une flexibilité accrue, tandis que son contenu intègre de nouveaux modèles d'entreprise, notamment le modèle d'entreprise circulaire. La transition vers une économie verte a également des conséquences sur la manière dont les États membres transposent le droit de l'environnement de l'Union européenne. Le processus de transposition est devenu un vecteur de commercialisation de l'éco-innovation sur le marché européen, associant des acteurs nouveaux à la prise de décision, à savoir : les éco-entreprises, les laboratoires de recherche et d'innovation, les pôles de compétitivité, les entreprises du numérique ou les investisseurs providentiels
The evolution of the European Union environmental law has led to the development of a new goal that aims to promote eco-innovation and green business models, in order to create a green and circular economy. This new goal had consequences on its form and content. The form of the European Union environmental law is dominated by framework directives and presents increased flexibility, while its content integrates new business models, particularly the circular business model. Furthermore, the transition to a green economy has an impact on how Member States transpose the European Union environmental law. The transposition process has become a vector of commercializing eco-innovation on the European market, and brings together new stakeholders in the decision-making process, namely: green companies, research and innovation laboratories, clusters, digital companies or business angels
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Harouni, Zied. "Conception et caractérisation d’une Rectenna à double polarisation circulaire à 2.45 GHz." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1026/document.

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Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire s'inscrivent dans la thématique de la transmission d'énergie sans fil, appliquée à l'alimentation à distance de capteurs, de réseaux de capteurs et d'actionneurs à faible consommation. Cette étude porte sur la conception, la caractérisation, et la mesure d'un circuit Rectenna (Rectifying antenna) à double polarisation circulaire à 2.45 GHz, compact et à rendement de conversion RF-DC optimisé. Un outil d'analyse globale basé sur la méthode itérative a été développé et exploité pour valider la faisabilité de cette analyse. La diode Schottky a été modélisée en utilisant une impédance de surface. La rectenna à double polarisation circulaire, réalisée en technologie micro-ruban, a été validée expérimentalement. Elle est caractérisée par la rejection de la 2ème harmonique et une possibilité de recevoir les deux sens de polarisation LHCP et RHCP par l'intermédiaire de 2 accès. Le rendement mesuré avec une densité de puissance de 0.525 mW/cm² est de l'ordre de 63%, tandis que la tension DC obtenue aux bornes d'une charge optimale de 1.6 kohm est de 2.82 V
The work presented in this thesis is within the subject of wireless power transmission, power applied to the remote sensors, networks of sensors and actuators with low power consumption. This study focuses on the design, characterization, and measurement of a rectenna circuit (rectifying antenna) with dual circular polarization at 2.45 GHz, and optimisation of the conversion efficiency. A global analysis tool, based on the iterative method was developed and used to validate the feasibility of this concept by this method. The Schottky diode was modeled using surface impedance. The dual circular polarization rectenna with microstrip technology has been optimized and characterized experimentally operating at 2.45 GHz. It includes the property of harmonic rejections. Two accesses can receive either direction LHCP or RHCP sense. The conversion efficiency of 63% has been measured with a power density of 0.525 mW/cm². A DC voltage of 2.82V was measured across an optimum load of 1.6 kohm
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Chen, Zhangchi. "Differential invariants of parabolic surfaces and of CR hypersurfaces; Directed harmonic currents near non-hyperbolic linearized singularities; Hartogs’ type extension of holomorphic line bundles; (Non-)invertible circulant matrices On differential invariants of parabolic surfaces A counterexample to Hartogs’ type extension of holomorphic line bundles Directed harmonic currents near non-hyperbolic linearized singularities Affine Homogeneous Surfaces with Hessian rank 2 and Algebras of Differential Invariants On nonsingularity of circulant matrices." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASM005.

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La thèse se compose de 6 articles. (1) Nous calculons les générateurs des SA₃(ℝ)-invariants pour les surfaces paraboliques. (2) Nous calculons les invariants rigides relatifs pour les hypersurfaces rigides 2-non-dégénérées de rang de Levi constant 1 dans ℂ³: V₀, I₀, Q₀ ayant 11, 52, 824 monômes au numérateur. (3) Nous organisons tous les modèles affinement homogènes non-dégénérés dans ℂ³ en branches inéquivalentes. (4) Pour un courant harmonique dirigé autour d'une singularité linéarisée non-hyperbolique qui ne charge pas les séparatrices triviales dont l'extension triviale à travers 0 est ddc-fermée, nous démontrons que le nombre de Lelong en 0 est : 4.1) strictement positif si λ>0 ; 4.2) nul si λ est rationnel et négatif ; 4.3) nul si λ est négatif et si T est invariant sous l'action d'un sous-groupe cofini du groupe de monodromie. (5) Nous construisons des fibrés holomorphes en droites en toute dimension n>=2 non-prolongeables au sens de Hartogs. (6) Nous montrons que les matrices circulantes ayant k entrées 1 et k+1 entrées 0 dans leur première rangée sont toujours non singulières lorsque 2k+1 est soit une puissance d'un nombre premier, soit un produit de deux nombres premiers distincts. Pour tout autre entier 2k+1, nous exhibons une matrice circulante singulière
The thesis consists of 6 papers. (1) We calculate the generators of SA₃(ℝ)-invariants for parabolic surfaces. (2) We calculate rigid relative invariants for rigid constant Levi-rank 1 and 2-non-degenerate hypersurfaces in ℂ³: V₀, I₀, Q₀ having 11, 52, 824 monomials in their numerators. (3) We organize all affinely homogeneous nondegenerate surfaces in ℂ³ in inequivalent branches. (4) For a directed harmonic current near a non-hyperbolic linearized singularity which does not give mass to any of the trivial separatrices and whose trivial extension across 0 is ddc-closed, we show that the Lelong number at 0 is: 4.1) strictly positive if the eigenvalue λ>0; 4.2) zero if λ is a negative rational number; 4.3) zero if λ<0 and if T is invariant under the action of some cofinite subgroup of the monodromy group. (5) We construct non-extendable, in the sense of Hartogs, holomorphic line bundles in any dimension n>=2. (6) We show that circulant matrices having k ones and k+1 zeros in the first row are always nonsingular when 2k+1 is either a power of a prime, or a product of two distinct primes. For any other integer 2k+1 we exhibit a singular circulant matrix
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Books on the topic "CIRCULAR HARMONICS"

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Gaulier, Armelle, and Denis-Constant Martin. Cape Town Harmonies: Memory, Humour and Resilience. African Minds, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/9781928331506.

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"Cape Town's public cultures can only be fully appreciated through recognition of its deep and diverse soundscape. We have to listen to what has made and makes a city. The ear is an integral part of the research tools one needs to get a sense of any city. We have to listen to the sounds that made and make the expansive mother city. Various of its constituent parts sound different from each other [T]here is the sound of the singing men and their choirs (teams they are called) in preparation for the longstanding annual Malay choral competitions. The lyrics from the various repertoires they perform are hardly ever written down. [] There are texts of the hallowed Dutch songs but these do not circulate easily and widely. Researchers dream of finding lyrics from decades ago, not to mention a few generations ago back to the early 19th century. This work by Denis Constant Martin and Armelle Gaulier provides us with a very useful selection of these songs. More than that, it is a critical sociological reflection of the place of these songs and their performers in the context that have given rise to them and sustains their relevance. It is a necessary work and is a very important scholarly intervention about a rather neglected aspect of the history and present production of music in the city." Shamil Jeppie, Associate Professor, Department of Historical Studies, University of Cape Town
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Franks, Hallie M. The Journey Around. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190863166.003.0005.

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The four-spoked wheel that is the subject of this chapter has a number of associations: it is a children’s toy, a torture device, a love charm, and an emblem of the circle of fate. In each of these contexts, it is the wheel’s spinning that gives it resonance. In the andron, mosaic wheels draw attention to the living revolutions of wine and conversation that unfold in the andron and align sympotic circling with cyclic patterns of movement that carry a deep cultural association with universal rhythms and harmonies. The result of rhythmic turning elsewhere—in dancing or in the movements of the stars—is balance, unity, constancy, and order. These are also the values of the ideal symposium, and in highlighting the pattern of circular movement as a stable cycle, the wheel points drinkers to the promise of these results.
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Book chapters on the topic "CIRCULAR HARMONICS"

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Freeden, Willi, and Michael Schreiner. "Circular Harmonics." In Spherical Functions of Mathematical Geosciences, 71–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65692-1_3.

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Grychtol, Patrik, Ofer Kfir, Ronny Knut, Emrah Turgut, Dmitriy Zusin, Dimitar Popmintchev, Tenio Popmintchev, et al. "X-Ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism Probed Using High Harmonics." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 60–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13242-6_15.

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Kéchichian, Jean Albert. "Analytic Solutions for the Perturbed Motion of a Spacecraft in Near-Circular Orbit, Under the Influence of the J2 and J3 Earth Zonal Harmonics, in Rotating and Inertial Cartesian Reference Frames." In Orbital Relative Motion and Terminal Rendezvous, 19–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64657-8_2.

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Kim, Hyungshin, and B. V. K. Vijaya Kumar. "Rotation-Tolerant Watermark Detection Using Circular Harmonic Function Correlation Filter." In Digital Watermarking, 263–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24624-4_20.

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Sekikawa, Taro, Kengo Ito, Eisuke Haraguchi, and Keisuke Kaneshima. "Circularly Polarized High Harmonic Generation for Probing Molecular Chirality." In Topics in Applied Physics, 129–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75089-3_7.

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Adjei, Osei, and Alfred Vella. "Recognition of Human Faces Based on Fast Computation of Circular Harmonic Components." In Advances in Multimodal Interfaces — ICMI 2000, 160–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-40063-x_21.

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Grychtol, P., O. Kfir, R. Knut, E. Turgut, D. Zusin, D. c, T. Popmintchev, et al. "Generation of Bright Circularly-Polarized High Harmonics for Magneto-Optical Investigations." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 187–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19521-6_24.

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Dütsch, H., S. Becker, and H. Lienhart. "Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Flow Induced by Harmonic Motion of a Circular Cylinder." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics (NNFM), 119–26. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-86573-1_15.

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Rani, Rashmi, and Roshan Lal. "Radially Symmetric Vibrations of Exponentially Tapered Clamped Circular Sandwich Plate Using Harmonic Differential Quadrature Method." In Mathematical Analysis and its Applications, 633–43. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2485-3_52.

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Bandrauk, André D., François Mauger, and Kai-Jun Yuan. "Molecules in Bichromatic Circularly Polarized Laser Pulses: Electron Recollision and Harmonic Generation." In Springer Series in Chemical Physics, 111–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64840-8_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "CIRCULAR HARMONICS"

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Holmes, Stewart. "Circular harmonics beamforming with spheroidal baffles." In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4799001.

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Grychtol, Patrik, Ofer Kfir, Ronny Knut, Emrah Turgut, Dmitriy Zusin, Dimitar Popmintchev, Tenio Popmintchev, et al. "Magnetic Circular Dichroism probed using High Harmonics." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.2014.10.thu.b.1.

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Sijtsma, Pieter. "Circular Harmonics Beamforming with Multiple Rings of Microphones." In 18th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference (33rd AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference). Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-2224.

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Muginshtein, Gregory, Khona Garb, and Raphael Kastner. "Multimode harmonic power meter for circular overmoded waveguide at second and third harmonics." In Electronics Engineers in Israel (IEEEI 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeei.2010.5662170.

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Wang, Min, Xiaochuan Ma, Shefeng Yan, and Zhigang Shang. "Broadband signal recording for a baffled circular microphone array using circular harmonics decomposition." In 2014 12th International Conference on Signal Processing (ICSP 2014). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icosp.2014.7015015.

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Rahim, R. A., M. N. Junita, S. I. S. Hassan, and H. F. Hassan. "Harmonics suppression circular polarization elliptical shape microstrip patch antenna." In 2014 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Technology, Informatics, Management, Engineering & Environment (TIME-E). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/time-e.2014.7011608.

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Kfir, Ofer, Patrik Grychtol, Emrah Turgut, Ronny Knut, Dmitriy Zusin, Dimitar Popmintchev, Tenio Popmintchev, et al. "Magnetic Circular Dichroism Probed with Bright High-order Harmonics." In CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2014.ftu3b.1.

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Fan, Tingting, Patrik Gychtol, Ronny Knut, Carlos Hernández-García, Daniel Hickstein, Christian Gentry, Craig Hogle, et al. "Bright Circularly Polarized Soft X-Ray High Harmonics for X-Ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2015.jth5c.1.

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Fan, T., P. Grychtol, R. Knut, C. Hernández-García, D. D. Hickstein, D. Zusin, C. Gentry, et al. "Generation of Bright Soft X-ray Harmonics with Circular Polarization for X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2016.sf1i.1.

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Evtikhiev, N. N., S. N. Litovchenko, A. V. Shevchuk, R. S. Starikov, and E. Yu Zlokazov. "Experimental modeling of high accuracy measurement of circular and radial harmonics." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Yuri N. Kulchin, Jinping Ou, Oleg B. Vitrik, and Zhi Zhou. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.725797.

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Reports on the topic "CIRCULAR HARMONICS"

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Rezaie, Shogofa, Fedra Vanhuyse, Karin André, and Maryna Henrysson. Governing the circular economy: how urban policymakers can accelerate the agenda. Stockholm Environment Institute, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.027.

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We believe the climate crisis will be resolved in cities. Today, while cities occupy only 2% of the Earth's surface, 57% of the world's population lives in cities, and by 2050, it will jump to 68% (UN, 2018). Currently, cities consume over 75% of natural resources, accumulate 50% of the global waste and emit up to 80% of greenhouse gases (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2017). Cities generate 70% of the global gross domestic product and are significant drivers of economic growth (UN-Habitat III, 2016). At the same time, cities sit on the frontline of natural disasters such as floods, storms and droughts (De Sherbinin et al., 2007; Major et al., 2011; Rockström et al., 2021). One of the sustainability pathways to reduce the environmental consequences of the current extract-make-dispose model (or the "linear economy") is a circular economy (CE) model. A CE is defined as "an economic system that is based on business models which replace the 'end-of-life' concept with reducing, alternatively reusing, recycling and recovering materials in production/distribution and consumption processes" (Kirchherr et al., 2017, p. 224). By redesigning production processes and thereby extending the lifespan of goods and materials, researchers suggest that CE approaches reduce waste and increase employment and resource security while sustaining business competitiveness (Korhonen et al., 2018; Niskanen et al., 2020; Stahel, 2012; Winans et al., 2017). Organizations such as the Ellen MacArthur Foundation and Circle Economy help steer businesses toward CE strategies. The CE is also a political priority in countries and municipalities globally. For instance, the CE Action Plan, launched by the European Commission in 2015 and reconfirmed in 2020, is a central pillar of the European Green Deal (European Commission, 2015, 2020). Additionally, more governments are implementing national CE strategies in China (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2018), Colombia (Government of the Republic of Colombia, 2019), Finland (Sitra, 2016), Sweden (Government Offices of Sweden, 2020) and the US (Metabolic, 2018, 2019), to name a few. Meanwhile, more cities worldwide are adopting CE models to achieve more resource-efficient urban management systems, thereby advancing their environmental ambitions (Petit-Boix & Leipold, 2018; Turcu & Gillie, 2020; Vanhuyse, Haddaway, et al., 2021). Cities with CE ambitions include, Amsterdam, Barcelona, Paris, Toronto, Peterborough (England) and Umeå (Sweden) (OECD, 2020a). In Europe, over 60 cities signed the European Circular Cities Declaration (2020) to harmonize the transition towards a CE in the region. In this policy brief, we provide insights into common challenges local governments face in implementing their CE plans and suggest recommendations for overcoming these. It aims to answer the question: How can the CE agenda be governed in cities? It is based on the results of the Urban Circularity Assessment Framework (UCAF) project, building on findings from 25 interviews, focus group discussions and workshops held with different stakeholder groups in Umeå, as well as research on Stockholm's urban circularity potential, including findings from 11 expert interviews (Rezaie, 2021). Our findings were complemented by the Circular Economy Lab project (Rezaie et al., 2022) and experiences from working with municipal governments in Sweden, Belgium, France and the UK, on CE and environmental and social sustainability.
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