Journal articles on the topic 'Circular entrepreneurship'

The purpose of this research paper is to explore the antecedents and consequences of circular entrepreneurship in emerging markets. The consequences of circular entrepreneurship will be explored through the lens of three dimensions of sustainability: social, economic, and environmental. This study used a multi-case approach, which is frequently applied in circular business literature. The study used convenient and purposeful sampling techniques to identify circular entrepreneurs starting a business by recognizing opportunities in CE. We interviewed the 15 entrepreneurs (all participants engage in plastic circular entrepreneurship) with more than 8 years of experience. We employed a semi-structured interview method because respondents explored important information during the interview. Atlas.ti, a prominent qualitative software package, was used for analysis. This study portrays the antecedents and consequences of circular entrepreneurship identified when circular entrepreneurs take the initiative to serve low-income customers. This study points out that circular entrepreneurs can be motivated both intrinsically and extrinsically. The consequences of circular entrepreneurship show how such enterprises impact on society, sustainability, and the economy. The study points out that circular entrepreneurship can have both positive and negative impacts on the environment. By investigating the determinants and consequences of circular entrepreneurship in emerging markets, the authors make a significant contribution to the field of circular economy and entrepreneurship. We have limited logistics and resources, thus we did not collect data from stakeholders, who might provide a richer picture and insights into how circular products affect their lifestyle. Policymakers can get a better understanding of such enterprises from the findings of this study. They should reassess policies regarding circular entrepreneurship and suggest ways to promote open innovation within circular entrepreneurship. Circular enterprises serve low-income customers by offering an affordable product with attractive features. The government should develop an open innovation action-packed forum to find, design, and create prototypes, as well as introduce more comprehensive sustainable solutions for wastable plastic products.

PurposeThe paper aims to contribute to the Circular Economy debate from the Entrepreneurship Education perspective. Despite scholars' growing interest in both these research streams, scarce consideration is given to the comprehension of their mutual implications and meaning.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a cross-case analysis. It compares 16 higher education programmes launched by Universities in Europe aimed to create competences and skills for Circular Economy in students with different profiles. The analysis provides a critical view of the emerging trends for the entrepreneurship education skills and competencies needed for the emerging circular entrepreneurship paradigm.FindingsThe paper discusses the main trends of Entrepreneurship Education focused on Circular Economy debate at the European level: rationale and learning objectives (why); contents (what), target students and stakeholders (who) and the learning processes (how). Four thematic areas are identified as common patterns: circular economy business model, green supply chain management, technology entrepreneurship and innovation and public policies and institutional frameworks.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper sheds new light on a still under-researched area, suggesting several implications and avenues for future research in Circular Economy and Entrepreneurship Education. Limitations regard the need to analyse education programmes from a larger geographical area, to take into consideration interesting experiences in the rest of the world and to also collect quantitative data.Practical implicationsPractical implications arise for the development of learning initiatives for the Circular Economy: learning objectives and new thematic areas focused on circular, sustainable and innovative rethinking of the process for creating value in the incumbent companies; exploring meaning and benefits of collaborative approaches and participation in the circular economy innovation ecosystem and developing advanced models for soft-skills development in terms of leadership, motivational and creative skills.Originality/valueThe debate on CE can also be rooted in the paradigm of entrepreneurship as a core process to advance knowledge on valuable and sustainable innovation.

Global polarization and linear economy models has for generations been the servant of ruthless capitalism and bourgeoisie ventures. In such ruthless circumstance there has been alarming situation both globally and locally to challenge prevailing linear economy structures to question and create a sustainable platform for protecting the resources and user structures of our future generations. Life cycle assessments globally has been a case study which has shown the minimal usage of products in value based propositions and bringing the environmental ecosystem in a balanced structure irrespective of political or governmental interventions. From the birth of the Paris Agreements on Climate changes, scientists and technologists globally has stressed upon the importance of sustainability and resilience on global food security as well as natural resource management. In such scenario resource allocations even in advanced countries like Europe and America has fallen prey to gross inequality, gender gaps and faulty resource transitions even in most advanced regions. Shocking Gini coefficient figures across boundaries have led scientists and economists globally to rethink and restrategise the way strategic business management hovers globally and to better revisualise globalization and utilize the resources our earth has endowed us upon. This paper challenges prevailing notions and even best practices in current management scenario and principles of economics of entrepreneurship to jump start a society based on values, tradition and value based usage proposition; in other terms from a linear based economy to a sustainable resilient circular economy model with greater emphasis on environmental protection, poverty eradication with better integration of triple line bottom of pyramid and better community disciplines to foster a vibrant shared economy model. There is a persistent gap lying across various parameters of a linear economy which has in turn been the causal effect of human impoverishment, poverty and vast scale ecological destructions. A case based approach and exploratory study in this research paper tries to answer rising question in addressing this burning topic of circular entrepreneurship which is quite different in structure and outcome to normative economical falsifications arising out of entrepreneurship models which has till now failed to create a functional economy devoid of hazards and wastes.

Purpose In the context of China, the purpose of this paper is to empirically answer three related questions: Could circular agriculture (CA) attain economic, ecological and social benefits simultaneously? What is key to a successful CA business in emerging economies? And who plays the vital role in building and sustaining a circular business? Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a field study and looks at a farm in China. It uses a triangulation methodology to collect information. Besides longitudinal filed work at the farm, the researchers have also interviewed multiple stakeholders and conducted field research at the local markets. Findings With concrete performance data, the study proves that a circular approach can help achieve ecological, economic and social goals together. It shows that economic viability is essential to succeeding in circular operation, sufficient production pathways are required to make such operation sustainable, and entrepreneurship is key to build and grow a circular business. Research limitations/implications The findings point to the crucial role of entrepreneurship in promoting the circular model in emerging economies. These findings, however, may not be readily generalizable, given the limitations of the case study approach. Practical implications The study highlights a few areas in which government assistance can make a difference, including financial incentives, information provision, technical support and most importantly the creation of a positive environment for entrepreneurial development. Originality/value While prior research emphasizes the role of government in promoting circular economy in developing and emerging markets, the study proves that entrepreneurship is key to turning government initiatives into economically viable and sustainable circular operation.

Quality of life and social welfare are objectives of the social policy of any state. The study aims to identify the influence of factors such as the circular economy, digital innovation, sustainable entrepreneurship on social progress and completes the current approach identified in the literature by assessing the dependencies between the phenomena represented by them. The quantification of the influences of the enumerated factors on social progress was achieved by identifying some synthetic indicators, such as composite indices, which would surprise the complexity of the analyzed phenomena. To measure the progress of the transition to the circular economy – using multivariate analysis methods – a composite indicator has been proposed and determined that allows the ranking of EU states according to its orientation, as a premise of social progress, and can substantiate the adjustment national policies. The integration of the proposed indicator in the regression models used, with similar indices, is done to highlight the impact of the circular economy, innovation and sustainable entrepreneurship on social progress. Thus, the adaptation of digital technologies in current business models, the development of sustainable innovative entrepreneurship support the transition from the linear economy to a circular economy and offer new study opportunities.

The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted such challenges for the world’s socio-economic and financial systems Social entrepreneurship is an integral part of Europe’s diverse social market economy. The aim of the paper is to tackle the social entrepreneurship field in Latvia and in particular to reveal the enterprises operating in the textile industry, as fashion industry in general is evaluated as second polluting industry, being just behind oil industry. The paper is limited to social entrepreneurship in the field of textile, as it is a new waste stream that has received particular goals and thus needs to be managed in a more sustainable way. To promote social enterprises in the field of textile production and processing it is especially important to implement elements of the circular economy in the daily activities of a social enterprise. Fostering social entrepreneurship in the textile field allows to reach a range of goals simultaneously, including, but not limited to – decrease of textile waste volume, increase of upcycling and moving towards circular economy targets.

The paper focuses on the commonalities between Entrepreneurship and Marketing. Entrepreneurial marketing has not clearly shown the common grounds between the two disciplines. Organizations are learning that the skills acquired and mastered are not effectively matching the rapidly evolving conditions in the market. This development has impacted revenue and equally reveals the potent place of marketing in entrepreneurship. The methodology is exploratory, textual in design and divided into sections. The article contends that there is a circular links between entrepreneurship and marketing. Entrepreneurial activities create marketing and marketing creates entrepreneurial activities. Marketing interfaced Entrepreneurship by fostering positive rewards and risk minimization for the entrepreneurs through marketing mix. By implication, managers aspiring competitive edge must promote mutual interaction of the two concepts.

In this article, the conditions and determinants of the introduction and development of the circular economy (CE) in Poland were presented against the background of the widely discussed essence of circular economy, with particular emphasis on the Polish mining sector. In addition, the European Green Deal—an action plan for a sustainable economy for the entire European Union, was discussed. Particular attention was paid to the role of human resources in the area of supporting research and stimulating innovation, and in the area of activating education and training. These issues are further discussed in the next chapter by presenting the forms, ways and scope of education for sustainable development in the international context. Another chapter describes the EIT Raw Materials KAVA 5 RIS competition in Poland (in Kraków) at AGH-UST from 2019 to 2022, an international project in a consortium of four universities whose main objective is to strengthen entrepreneurship in the V4 countries in line with the recommendations of the “Green action plan for SMEs” in a way to meet the requirements of circular economy. The initiatives and trainings carried out within the framework of this project were discussed, and the results of the student survey on the level of knowledge achieved regarding entrepreneurship in the area of the raw materials industry were analysed. The validity and necessity of continuous education in eco-responsible citizenship has thus been confirmed.

The process of shaping an entrepreneurial identity is emerging as a focal point in the field of entrepreneurship. Scholarly efforts to date have turned attention to what happens during the process of identity creation, how, and why. In this article, we seek to extend the current literature by examining how entrepreneurs mold their entrepreneurial identities while enacting circular business models. Specifically, identity construction under circular business modeling is proposed as a negotiation process whereby the conflict mechanisms by which entrepreneurs construct their entrepreneurial identities are highly influenced by stakeholders’ interests. Propositions regarding the inherence of stakeholders are presented and discussed.

The world’s global plastics waste crisis demands policy coordination and technological solutions to improve waste management systems, and organizations worldwide have created momentum around the concept of a circular economy. This paper advances a holistic, inclusive circular economy framework that aims to empower waste pickers with the following basic pillars: (1) build collaborative networks of stakeholders to enable inclusion of waste pickers; (2) establish cooperative enterprise models to integrate waste pickers into the formal economy; (3) build waste pickers’ technical skills and capacity for entrepreneurship; and (4) provide access to technologies and markets that enable waste pickers to manufacture upcycled products.

The aim of the article was to assess the circular flow model from the point of view of the theory of the Austrian School. The article discusses the theory of capital and the production structure model of this school. The issues discussed were related to the circular flow model that dominates the mainstream of economics. This model is criticized by the Austrian School because of too much simplification. The main allegations relate to the omission of: the creative nature of human action, the problems of imperfect knowledge and entrepreneurship that is associated with risk, the role of time in action and the production process, the vertical nature of production in the economy, linking savings and investments. The Austrian School also points to the aggregation of economic categories going too far in the circular flow model.

The aim of the article was to assess the circular flow model from the point of view of the theory of the Austrian School. The article discusses the theory of capital and the production structure model of this school. The issues discussed were related to the circular flow model that dominates the mainstream of economics. This model is criticized by the Austrian School because of too much simplification. The main allegations relate to the omission of: the creative nature of human action, the problems of imperfect knowledge and entrepreneurship that is associated with risk, the role of time in action and the production process, the vertical nature of production in the economy, linking savings and investments. The Austrian School also points to the aggregation of economic categories going too far in the circular flow model.

The theoretical approach to managing the anti-crisis potential of the region by transforming the interaction of society, business, and the state is considered. An indicator of the effectiveness of such a transformation is the growth of social return, which can be achieved by implementing the principles of circular economy, social entrepreneurship and public-private partnership. The cyclical economy is aimed at achieving minimization of the impact of human activity on the environment through an innovative approach to resource consumption. This harmonizes society’s relationship with nature and greatly facilitates interaction between all economic entities regarding the regulation of problems of harmful emissions of enterprises and other environmental issues. Public-private partnership unites the efforts of the state and business for the implementation of large-scale long-term projects and raises the effectiveness of their interaction to a new level. For the successful functioning of the proposed model, society, the state and business must firmly hold on to a stable system of values: honesty, mutual assistance, spirituality, a harmonious attitude towards oneself, surrounding people and nature. Keywords circular economy, social entrepreneurship and public-private partnership.

This article traces the experiences of Vicky, a female entrepreneur who runs a circular business that produces swim and activewear from regenerated fishing nets. The idea of a circular economy, which moves away from the linear economic model based on a make-use-dispose logic towards the elimination of waste and a sustainable use of the world’s resources, has rapidly gained popularity. Vicky’s story highlights the often overlooked but critical role of small businesses and their owners in this systemic change. Vicky performs three intertwined but distinct forms of work – entrepreneurial work on the business, identity work on the self and institutional work on the wider world – that all contribute to the circular transition. At the same time, Vicky exemplifies an alternative approach to entrepreneurship through a relational interpretation of circularity. Her case draws attention to how the labour of actors in the grassroots propels large-scale transitions.

The article discusses the comparative analysis of the country's linear and circular economy models by the author. The results of the linear development of the analyzed economy and the negative challenges that accompany the traditional use of this model. The author describes the article as a circular economic model of the country's transition to sustainable development, which in the future will ensure the loss of resources and efficient use of resources in production. In addition, this model of economic development is characterized by the development of waste production, during which it is possible to recycle waste and increase the life cycle of the products produced. Under the operating conditions of the circular economy model, the principle of "gain-use-process-use again" applies. The introduction of this principle in the field of entrepreneurship will ensure the transition to a model of sustainable development of the country's economy and the achievement of 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Keywords : Circular economy, Linear economy, Comparative analysis, Waste production, sustainable development.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the state of implementation of modern eco-innovations and assess their impact on improving the competitiveness of enterprises. Methodology. The main research methods were analysis and synthesis in the study of economic processes that accompanied innovation in enterprises; statistical analysis in the study of the dynamics of waste by type of economic activity and in households; comparative analysis in assessing the world practice of eco-innovation in production; specific and abstract comparative characteristics – in presenting the results, providing conclusions and suggestions for research. Results. Interactive links between innovation and greening are identified. It is emphasized that eco-innovation means a special form of innovation aimed at significantly improving the environment. A critical analysis of the regulatory framework governing sustainable development in Ukraine is made. A statistical assessment of the waste generation process by regions of Ukraine in 2019, including hazard classes I-III, is provided. A secondary statistical observation was conducted, based on the results of which it can be concluded that today three out of twenty people in the world prefer ecological products. It is stated that modern enterprises face a large number of challenges, among which the leading place is occupied by environmental protection and digitalization. The importance of digital, blue and green entrepreneurship (circular business) in Ukraine and the world is proved. The competitive advantages of “digital”, “green” (“blue”) business are obvious: environmental friendliness today is a global trend, and digitalization is the content and benchmark of entrepreneurship; there is currently little competition in green and blue business; their products are in growing demand among consumers; in these types of business there are endless opportunities for the manifestation of creative innovative ideas; these types of business are supported by the public, the state and the world community; eco-innovation can significantly reduce business costs, create conditions for investment and access to foreign markets. Practical implications. These practical recommendations can be applied not only in the Ukrainian business space, but also in the business of countries that have chosen sustainable development. Value/originality. The conducted research can become a theoretical basis for practitioners who aim to provide competitive advantages by greening activities. It is established that the competitive advantages of business today are formed under the influence of globalization processes, digitalization, increasing capital mobility, informatization, and most importantly – improving environmental living standards.

Abstract The scope of the research is to find out how social entrepreneurship operations can be modelled within existing business methods using circular economy principles. A literature review was undertaken in order to clarify and find out different opinions regarding circularity and social businesses models. Moreover, the author interviewed managers of different social mission organizations in order to find out the critical factors that determine the sustainability and performances of the organizations. Using the results of the field and desk research, the author suggests the following business model elements to be considered by social enterprises aiming to implement circular economy principles: Desired social and environment vision; Value proposition; Alignment of organizations to the strategy and acceleration of change through executive leadership implication; Financial sustainable perspective: a) to increase financial resources and b) to manage costs; Stakeholders perspective: a) customers segments, b) users, c) employees, d) community beneficiaries, e) channels, f) customer relationships, g) Key partnerships; Internal process perspective: a) processes necessary to use circular economy principles; b) impact measurement and key activities; c) internal and external communication; Resources perspective: a) networks; b) skills on circular principles and social impact; c) information and technologies.`

A joint collaboration between the Arctic Centre of the University of Lapland, Finland and the Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, Lagos, Nigeria was organised as a hybrid conference on several topics that are related to climate, food, health and entrepreneurship. The utilisation of natural resources in both regions is an important theme in meeting the sustainable development goals agenda. The topics discussed were multidisciplinary, they include Nigerian indigenous foods, bioeconomy, circular economy, nutrition, health, innovation and entrepreneurship under four themes (Climate, Food, Health and Entrepreneurship). There were dignitaries from Finland and Nigeria. The presenters are researchers from Nigerian universities (University of Ibadan, University of Abuja and Eko university, Lagos), Nigerian Federal Institute of Industrial research centre and from the Finnish side we have the university of Lapland, Rovaniemi, University of Oulu, Oulu and the Centria University of Applied Sciences, Kokkola. The topics discussed will serve as training materials for students and learners, the discussion focussed on research opportunities for institutions in both countries. The experts from both countries will continue to dialogue on the possibility of promoting common topics as research agenda in these important areas with the possibilities of creating more jobs.

Subject. Today the circular economy is viewed as a new model of economic growth that allows overcoming resource constraints. Despite the general understanding that environmental problems are the main incentive for the transition to circular models of production and consumption, the underlying factors in the development of this economic model have not been fully studied in modern literature. Are circular production models available only to technologically highly developed rich countries, or, conversely, poverty and a total lack of resources are the best incentive for the development of a circular economy? Objectives. I study the influence of such factors as the general economic and innovative development of the country, as well as the State's innovating activity to form and develop circular models of economic growth. Methods. The research was carried out with methods of econometric modeling. Eurostat data were used as an underlying source of information. Results. The study showed that the high level of the national economic development positively influences the resource efficiency of an economy, but more advanced countries produce more waste in the consumption sector. Production and consumption waste recycling demonstrates better trends in less economically developed countries. Countries with substantial innovation expenditures tend to have more robust municipal and industrial waste recycling technologies, as well as a more effective use of secondary materials. The development of an e-waste recycling system is essentially dependent on government incentives for innovation in this area. Conclusions. The findings can be used for outlining national federal and regional programs for the development of production and consumption waste recycling mechanisms in Russia. Social entrepreneurship and business initiative may appear one of the priority mechanisms spurring the circular economy in Russia through traditional patterns of resource-saving consumer behavior.

This article is addressed to the theory of the international migration of workers to low-wage sectors of developed industrial economies from underdeveloped regions. Its starting point is the framework of analysis originally put forward in Birds of Passage, a framework built around the notion of circular migration through the secondary sector of a dual labor market. It then discusses how that theory might be amended in light of recent developments in migration patterns to encompass enclave economies, immigrant entrepreneurship, and the settlement process.

In line with circular economic, the role of green entrepreneurship (GE) should be useful in preserving environmental sustainability. However, so many people are less aware of the importance of sustainability and green behavior in business activities. Therefore, the goal of the study is to explore a linkage of green value, GE, and sustainable development that is perceived by entrepreneurship students in Jakarta, Indonesia. 180 students were involved as respondents resulting in significant impacts. By using Smart-PLS proves significant relationships and finds a mediating effect of GE which links green value to sustainable development at the level of 5 percent. It forms a green triangle approach in promoting sustainability education for university students so that this linkage signs a good perception of students in expressing green value toward GE and sustainability issues. It is an early stage in promoting the triple bottom line so that the learning system could collaborate with stakeholders for enhancing the sustainability system in entrepreneurial education.

Case overview Odds & Edge, a micro venture based in Ahmedabad, India, has created a niche for itself in the affordable designer wear segment. Covid-19 induced lockdown pushed Odds & Edge to the brink of collapse. And because of the severe cash crunch partners need to take a call regarding the continuation or closure of the venture. The case is intended to be discussed in an entrepreneurship class for post-graduate level participants. The case setting is inside Odds & Edge and it was May 01, 2020, when Ms Jheel Jain - a partner & the protagonist, needed to decide the future of the venture. Participants will have a brief understanding of entrepreneurial traits and will also learn about the Ansoff Model of expansion in case of continuation and the different exit choices for an entrepreneur. As Odds & Edge operates in the fashion industry, students will be able to understand the concepts such as Ecopreneurship, Circular Economy, and Trashion. The case follows through the background of Ms Jain, the ideation stage, and the players in the Trashion Industry. It then moves on to the operation of Odds & Edge narrating the process, products, and partners of the venture. The case ends with the decision dilemma for Ms Jain i.e. should she continue? If yes then how could Odds and Edge expand & grow? Or Should Jheel surrender and exit? If yes then what are the probable exit choices for her? Learning objectives 1. to understand the concept of Ecopreneurship, Circular Economy and Trashion; 2. to identify and discuss common entrepreneurial traits; 3. to analyze the Ansoff Matrix for exploration of various expansion/growth strategies; and 4. to understand different exit strategies available to an entrepreneur. Complexity academic level The case is intended to be discussed in an entrepreneurship class for post-graduate level participants. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CCS 3: Entrepreneurship.

The article considers economic education in circular economics Republic of Poland in response to modern challenges and demands society; it is noted that economic education for sustainable development is available holistic and covers the content of curricula, learning outcomes, teaching and learning methods, educational environment. It is education in the interests sustainable development provides an opportunity to build «green» economies and societies, as it provides students with the skills they need for «green» jobs; forms people’s motivation for life in accordance with the goals of sustainable development. Environmental issues, the establishment of a clean economy began to gain considerable relevance after the Republic of Poland acceded to the European Union. In a market economy, an innovative approach to higher economic education, as it becomes especially relevant training of specialists of the new formation for the economic sector in the conditions modernization of economic relations, approval of market principles management, social and social transformations. Circular economics and training of specialists in circular economics is the way to solving economic problems and environmental problems. Conscious attitude to environmental protection and the introduction of appropriate management technologies is formed in children. Poland is still at the stage of entrepreneurship in high school. Shown that the circular economy is rooted in the humanistic and democratic education, implementing the principle of human-centeredness.

The study makes, under a new configuration of the circular economy, a cross-country analysis based on the Competitiveness and Innovation Indicators in the E.U., i.e., two sub-criteria: private investments, jobs, and gross value added; and patents related to recycling and secondary raw materials as a proxy for innovation. The analysis proved that investments influence the number of patents, and participate in societal transformation. A further cluster analysis classified countries on the level of innovation. The cluster analysis in SPSS centres on significant potential, weaknesses, impact, and waste management control through blockchain technology. It is found that the factors that influence innovation, according to the Global Competitiveness Report, link the business dynamism and innovation capability with the capacity to sustain resilient ideas, such as competitive intelligence and social entrepreneurship. The discussions aim to prove that the efforts to rethink the circular economy principles contribute to its conceptual and societal transformation role through the implementation of innovative processes, inventive solutions, and blockchain technologies, and their social consequences to solve environmental problems. Once understood and accepted, CE will drive sustainable behaviour.

The article proposes a study on one of the concepts of the circular economy – the sharing economy. To achieve the goals of sustainable development and reduce environmental threats, the world community has adopted the concept of a circular economy, a closed-loop economy. One of the entrepreneurial models of the circular economy is the sharing economy. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical provisions on increasing the influence of the sharing economy on improving the quality of life of the population. The sharing economy in our study is considered as a model using which projects aimed at improving the quality of life of the population can be implemented. It is presented that social entrepreneurs play a significant role in implementing of such projects, who strive to achieve the social effect in the field of improving the quality of life of the population. Within the frameworks of the sharing economy social entrepreneurs implement their projects by applying investment resources: impact investing and crowdfunding. Using these investment resources in practices is hindered due to the fact that the entrepreneurs do not have enough knowledge about those and their investment opportunities in a sharing economy. In the theoretical aspect, we believe, there is not enough research on the impact of the sharing economy on improving the quality of life of the population. In this work, an attempt is made to expand the theoretical understanding of the sharing economy aimed at improving the quality of life of the population. As the methodological basis of the study, the author used the basic provisions of economic theory, circular economy, sharing economy, digital economy, the concept of social entrepreneurship, and theoretical and methodological aspects of the quality of life of the population. The information base of the study was the expert and statistical data of the “Our Future” Foundation for Regional Social Programs (https://nb-fund.ru/), HSE University, and other data on the development of the social entrepreneurship sector in Russia. The theoretical result of the study is the definition of some interdisciplinary provisions related to the concept of the quality of life of the population based on the use of investment resources for the implementation of projects of the sharing economy by social entrepreneurs with a view to their further application in research. The practical area of application of the results and provisions will be the use of crowdfunding and impact investing to increase the effectiveness of implementation of projects of social entrepreneurs in order to improve the quality of life of the population.

Abstract The current system for producing, distributing, and using clothing is putting pressure on resources, pollutes and degrades ecosystems. Nowadays, when disposed of, clothing still has at least 70% of its useful life left. A different approach to the way clothes are made, distributed and disposed of is needed. Prevention of textile waste is one angle to address these challenges and is being taken into consideration by the European public bodies. Reuse is increasingly recognized as a waste prevention measure, specifically addressed in 25 of the 33 waste prevention programs of European countries but national approaches to encourage reuse are, so far weak. Though in Romania it is estimated that textile waste will be produced mainly by households by 2025, knowledge about clothing reuse stakeholders and the mechanisms of exchange is scarce. Some activity is however developed by charities, acting as social enterprises. The primary goal of this research was to understand the role of social entrepreneurship in textile waste prevention by identifying clothing reuse practices and stakeholders in Bucharest, the Romanian city with the largest number of households in Romania (10% of the total of households). By gaining concrete knowledge related to the clothing reuse initiatives, in terms of number and characteristics, moving from identifying current clothing reuse practices and mechanisms of exchange to the type of stakeholders involved, either public or private, the research contributed to modeling the circular business ecosystem in Romania. The main research question concerned the degree of involvement of social enterprises in the development of clothing reuse activities, and therefore textile waste prevention. The findings revealed a high disproportion between the number of private and public clothing reuse initiatives, most of the activities being developed by charities which to some extent act as social enterprises. The results were intended to provide information to support decision-making bodies and communities in building up a functional clothing waste prevention plan through benefiting of existing knowledge from stakeholders in the field. These results also open the pathway to public-private dialogue for highlighting and scaling up existing textile waste prevention activities.

The article deals with the main provisions of the concept of circular economy in the context of political, educational, legal and other transformations without which achievement of the set goals is impossible. The authors pay special attention to analysis of the legal mechanism of achieving the goals and objectives in the area of reducing the volume of waste produced in the country, creating conditions for development of technologies for its treatment and reuse. This requires formation of the new legal category of “environmental entrepreneurship”, along with establishment of the system of incentives, permissions, restrictions and prohibitions aimed at a radical change of the existing model of waste management in legal acts of the system. Development of this legal institution will lead to adjustment of a number of civil agreements, including further development of environmental insurance and environmental audit agreements.

As known, Indonesia is a nation with the largerst Moslem society in the world. According to data issued by Bappenas, in 2020 the population of Indonesia is predicted about 271,066,400 people (Bappenas: 2018). 85 percent of this population (ca. 230.406.440 people) are Moslems. It shows the huge potential in the acceptance of zakat fund, as an obligation for a Moslem who has qualified in accordance with the provisions of Islam. Since MDGs declared in 2000 (UNRC: 2008) which contains a commitment to accelerate human development and poverty alleviation (8 goals), Indonesia has a strong commitment to achieve the MDGs targets became one of Indonesia’s main priorities. As a continuation of the MDGs program, in 2015, more than 190 world leaders committed to 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In Indonesia, 17 SDGs are grouped into 4 part, one of them is poverty alleviation (UNDP Indonesia: 2018). One of the goals for poverty alleviation is explained with the goal number 8, that is decent work and economic growth. And one of the drivers the existence of decent work and economic growth is the growth of entrepreneurship activities.The growth of entrepreneurship can be implemented with the support of funds. One of them come from the distribution of zakat fund acceptance. By terminology, zakat means a certain amount of property that is required by Allah SWT to be given to the mustahik mentioned in the Qur’an. Or it could also mean a certain amount of certain property given to a particular person (Solihin: 2010). There is a fund transfer from muzaki (zakat payer) to mustahik (zakat recipient).With the transfer of funds, there is an expectation that there will be a better life change for mustahik, so that in time they will be becomes muzaki.This activity is expected to occur continously, forming a circle of increasing goodness. And ultimately will improve society wellbeing. To support this paper, the author use a qualitative methods with secondary datas and supported by Tawhidi String Relation (TSR) theory which includes the method of circular causation and IIE (interaction, integration and evolution) method. Keywords : zakat, entrepreneurship, poverty alleviation, SDGs, TSR

The world has found itself spinning ever faster and economies producing ever more. But this process cannot go on forever. The Earth we live on is one and only and it has limited resources in comparison with what the people are ready to use. Sustainability of the environment is bitten by recklessness of many but critical voices are being raised in recent decades. As Stahel (2016) noted, contrary to nature and its processes, people are still primarily functioning in linear way – "make, use, dispose". This is fundamentally supported by consumerism approach and the view that the economy prospers only by permanent growth driven by infinite desires of consumers (Rojek 2004). But critical voices emphasize the social role of entrepreneurship (Zahra and Wright 2016) with the conclusion that the entrepreneurship can benefit from lowering their environmental impact (wasteful resource usage) thus also resulting in personal and societal benefits, beside the economic value creation (see about the triple bottom line also in Klarin 2018). This also spurs emerging of new business opportunities (Korhonen, Honkasalo, and Seppälä 2018). As Zahra and Wright (2016) develop it further, the businesses have to "move from 'do no harm' to 'do good'". Sustainability can be promoted by the circular economy (CE). CE is a concept in which instead of linear flow, outputs from one part of the economic process are kept in this part longer (reused, repaired, refurbished) and eventually recycled as the input for the next part of the process. This reduces the waste for the landfill disposal and the needs for resources. (Geisendorf and Pietrulla 2018; Korhonen et al. 2018) Although the definitions clearly rely on the actions of the producers (e.g. companies), we cannot forget the market pull factor and the role of consumers. Raising awareness of the consumers about the consequences of their actions can be an important factor for hurrying up introduction of the CE principles, and especially increased recycling in their everyday operating practices (Abe et al. 2014). Since CE and its principles represent a complex phenomenon, in this paper the focus of research is on the "Reuse" principle and the awareness and willingness of the adult population in northern Croatia region to engage in the reusing the consumer goods. This region is economically strong with higher contribution of the manufacturing industry to the GDP compared to the rest of the country which makes it a good candidate for this preliminary study. Keywords: Sustainability, Circular Economy, Reuse, Reduce, Recycle

In order to approach a system change towards a circular economy model (CE) in Europe, the entrepreneurial activities of young people need to be encouraged to achieve the Green Deal (GD) goals. This article presents the evaluation results of young people’s awareness and attitudes towards the CE and the GD. The data used in this study was collected by surveying 286 young people from five European countries. The questionnaire covered four areas: (1) belief, (2) knowledge, (3) competence, and (4) young people’s ability to deal with the CE. Descriptive and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to analyse the questionnaire on the basic factors that motivate young people to the CE and GD. A literature review was conducted to identify the main research concepts and connections. A review included two phases, the first encompassing a search through the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection for research papers meaningful for further research, followed by Leximancer analysis. The analysis showed that young people believe in the principles and priorities of CE but do not receive enough support to participate and implement the priorities actively. Formal education does not provide enough knowledge to work in this field actively. They are primarily undecided about their understanding of the principles of CE. Responses to whether they can implement the project, business, or entrepreneurial ideas are also uninspiring. Young people do not see themselves as creators of change towards the CE. However, it is encouraging that they approach the CE from different angles and show responsible behaviour in everyday life. Young people’s ability to reason, think, evaluate, connect, and create new solutions for the CE is not enviable. Most respondents did not comment on their competence in concepts of the GD and CE. It is encouraging to know that they have already heard about the CE’s goals and action plan. Young people do not show significant skills in the practical implementation of CE principles. The analysis has shown that young people are particularly unable to reason, think, and evaluate in an entrepreneurial way when linking the CE to business opportunities. Relating them to business models and entrepreneurship also seems to be problematic. As a result, the majority of them are unable to design, develop, and create new business solutions.

Following COVID-19, new accreditation standards include digitization, entrepreneurship, social inclusion and the circular economy. Blockchain can help to simplify difficult accreditation processes that ensure worldwide teaching, learning, practice and business communication excellence. The paper proposes a Collaborative Learning and Student Work Evaluation (CLSWE) model based on blockchain technologies (BCTs) encompassing selected concepts from the scientific research peer-review process. BCTs are used to develop a safe platform for storing and exchanging data about students’ projects and evaluations. The CLSWE model offers the possibility of improving cooperation between higher-education institutions and companies that seek the “employable skills” of proactive students. Before implementing the CLSWE model, a questionnaire was conducted to survey lecturers about their attitudes related to the potential application of BCTs. The results of the surveys are encouraging and reveal a desire and willingness to introduce BCTs in education. A project scheme with the main functionalities of the model and a description of the roles of the prominent participants was designed. A platform with a database created in the MySQL language for the testing model was built. This research also contributes to higher education literature in terms of the sustainability of the education process and collaborative learning with BCTs.

The business is an abstraction of the way in which value is created and delivered. The concrete representation is the business model, expressed by a group of artifacts built with different languages. It serves to describe, explain, analyze, design, and evaluate the business. The set of concepts, construction rules, artifacts, and languages required to express it, are defined by a Meta-Business Model (MBM). Multiple authors have proposed different MBMs, each one with a specific motivation and objective. Some of these MBMs are widely recognized and have been applied in contexts like innovation and entrepreneurship. Due to new challenges, such as sustainability, being faced by businesses and given new ways of producing and delivering value, like the sharing economy, Novel Complex Businesses (NCBs) are emerging. NCBs are businesses characterized by circular structures made out of numerous inter-related components, and by creating value out of the product/service schema. While existing MBMs fulfill certain purposes, they do not have the expressiveness required to describe NCBs precisely enough to describe and analyze them. This paper introduces an MBM with the concepts, construction rules, and graphical notation needed to represent NCBs. We also illustrate an NCB and present the results of the validation for our MBM.

In this essay, which starts from the current scenario triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic and from the impact it has had on various sectors, the Authors lay the foundations for the study of a welfare of the heritage to accompany the cultural welfare through the creation of a model of integrated management of the same (heritage) both in aspects related to the enhancement and in those inherent in the process of cultural innovation, aiming attention at an international audience. A welfare that bets on the creation of “ecosystems” of welfare of the heritage able to connect to European clusters for a participatory management of the same, in the renewed scenario of economic recovery where the combination of culture and employment is central. All is analysed and contextualised in the welfare dimension/view. This essay, according to a definitive methodological approach in the opening paragraphs, reviews the value of culture and heritage in the European scenario - including a focus on the National Recovery and Resilience Plan - along with the themes of sustainable development and cultural indicators 2030, passing through the analysis of cultural activators and circular business models. In the second part, the effects of the pandemic on cultural employment are analysed, as well as scenarios of new professionalism in the job market in the sectors of heritage and culture, without neglecting the focus on the relationship between tourism and culture. According to a circular path, which is connected to the incipit of the essay that at the beginning refers to the Assembly of “Gli Stati Generali del Patrimonio Italiano” (The General States of the Italian Heritage), the Authors outline the perspectives de iure condendo also related to the workshop activities of the Assembly and to the need to iitiate among stakeholders (public and private) a continuous and participatory confrontation in order to promote, on the one hand, a new and sustainabe entrepreneurship of cultural heritage, and on the other hand, structural policies aimed at creating employment. Keywords: Cultural heritage; Welfare; Employment; Economic asset.

INTRODUCTION There is increased international pressure to develop sustainable and circular businesses. This raises the question of entrepreneurs’ green awareness and the ability to adopt green values ​​in their business and management practices. While this has become a hot topic on the agenda of policymakers and researchers, there is a critically low level of green awareness among entrepreneurs. This highlights the need to explore how to better foster the development of a green business mindset among entrepreneurs. Collaboration with multiple stakeholders is currently promoted as an essential resource for companies to create a positive environmental impact and circular value. However, entrepreneurs do not recognise the advantages of collaboration, but instead face growing stakeholder green pressure. Collaboration competence has been recognised as one of the essential elements of the green business mindset. The awareness of green values ​​and the importance of collaboration in this context needs to be developed at school to provide theoretical knowledge and promote green skills. This study aimed to investigate the understanding of teachers and academic staff about the green business mindset and to assess their perception of the importance of collaboration competencies within the green business mindset. Research questions: 1) What are the main competencies comprising the green business mindset model and the status quo of the collaboration within this model; 2) How do teachers and academic staff perceive the importance of collaboration in developing the green business mindset? MATERIALS AND METHODS The systematic literature analysis, content analysis and clustering of the co-occurrence of keywords and concepts were used for the research. The empirical study reflects the situation in Latvia, and accordingly, the academic staff as well as teachers from Latvia were surveyed. Interviews of experts were conducted. The descriptive analyses synthesised the research results and described the main implications and further research gaps. RESULTS The green business model encounters the development of critical thinking, creativity, initiative and leadership, reflection, sharing and collaboration, environmental concerns and the attitude towards green values. The research results reveal the increased necessity to promote green awareness among youth, entrepreneurs, families and teachers. The academic staff rather have an overall understanding of green business, but they lack detailed green knowledge. Changing the behaviour and attitudes towards environmentally friendly business is considered most important, but collaboration is less critical. DISCUSSION Latvian entrepreneurs do not recognise the benefits and positive impact of green business practices. Changing customer values and global trends of sustainable transition will foster green business practices. Therefore, it is essential to develop knowledge of the circular and green business and stimulate behavioural changes of entrepreneurs to accept and follow environmentally friendly values. Previous studies prove the vital and integral role of collaboration with and for multiple stakeholders in creating positive environmental impacts. Such stakeholder collaboration includes various managerial tasks - the establishment of the relationship, value mapping and standard value orientation, regular communication, involvement and engagement, sharing and co-creation, and requiring appropriate competencies. Collaboration with multiple stakeholders is a cross-cutting issue that should be reflected horizontally in different study courses, not just in a specific environmental or ecological curriculum. However, the entrepreneurship and management study programmes should include stakeholder collaboration topics as one of the managerial practices. CONCLUSION This study describes the green business mindset model and its multi-dimensional nature, including knowledge and skills related to entrepreneurship, sustainability, ecology, and green education on the one hand, and emotional intelligence, green values and attitudes on the other. This research reveals the shorthand situation of Latvia. The green business mindset model envisages several levels of development and assessment – raising awareness, acquiring knowledge, changing attitudes and values, changing behaviour, and initiating green actions. The academic staff and teachers consider that, in Latvia, besides green business knowledge, the emotional, intuitive and spiritual intelligence, self-awareness and self-confidence encompassing green values ​​are essential, and should be developed.

INTRODUCTION There is increased international pressure to develop sustainable and circular businesses. This raises the question of entrepreneurs’ green awareness and the ability to adopt green values ​​in their business and management practices. While this has become a hot topic on the agenda of policymakers and researchers, there is a critically low level of green awareness among entrepreneurs. This highlights the need to explore how to better foster the development of a green business mindset among entrepreneurs. Collaboration with multiple stakeholders is currently promoted as an essential resource for companies to create a positive environmental impact and circular value. However, entrepreneurs do not recognise the advantages of collaboration, but instead face growing stakeholder green pressure. Collaboration competence has been recognised as one of the essential elements of the green business mindset. The awareness of green values ​​and the importance of collaboration in this context needs to be developed at school to provide theoretical knowledge and promote green skills. This study aimed to investigate the understanding of teachers and academic staff about the green business mindset and to assess their perception of the importance of collaboration competencies within the green business mindset. Research questions: 1) What are the main competencies comprising the green business mindset model and the status quo of the collaboration within this model; 2) How do teachers and academic staff perceive the importance of collaboration in developing the green business mindset? MATERIALS AND METHODS The systematic literature analysis, content analysis and clustering of the co-occurrence of keywords and concepts were used for the research. The empirical study reflects the situation in Latvia, and accordingly, the academic staff as well as teachers from Latvia were surveyed. Interviews of experts were conducted. The descriptive analyses synthesised the research results and described the main implications and further research gaps. RESULTS The green business model encounters the development of critical thinking, creativity, initiative and leadership, reflection, sharing and collaboration, environmental concerns and the attitude towards green values. The research results reveal the increased necessity to promote green awareness among youth, entrepreneurs, families and teachers. The academic staff rather have an overall understanding of green business, but they lack detailed green knowledge. Changing the behaviour and attitudes towards environmentally friendly business is considered most important, but collaboration is less critical. DISCUSSION Latvian entrepreneurs do not recognise the benefits and positive impact of green business practices. Changing customer values and global trends of sustainable transition will foster green business practices. Therefore, it is essential to develop knowledge of the circular and green business and stimulate behavioural changes of entrepreneurs to accept and follow environmentally friendly values. Previous studies prove the vital and integral role of collaboration with and for multiple stakeholders in creating positive environmental impacts. Such stakeholder collaboration includes various managerial tasks - the establishment of the relationship, value mapping and standard value orientation, regular communication, involvement and engagement, sharing and co-creation, and requiring appropriate competencies. Collaboration with multiple stakeholders is a cross-cutting issue that should be reflected horizontally in different study courses, not just in a specific environmental or ecological curriculum. However, the entrepreneurship and management study programmes should include stakeholder collaboration topics as one of the managerial practices. CONCLUSION This study describes the green business mindset model and its multi-dimensional nature, including knowledge and skills related to entrepreneurship, sustainability, ecology, and green education on the one hand, and emotional intelligence, green values and attitudes on the other. This research reveals the shorthand situation of Latvia. The green business mindset model envisages several levels of development and assessment – raising awareness, acquiring knowledge, changing attitudes and values, changing behaviour, and initiating green actions. The academic staff and teachers consider that, in Latvia, besides green business knowledge, the emotional, intuitive and spiritual intelligence, self-awareness and self-confidence encompassing green values ​​are essential, and should be developed.

INTRODUCTION There is increased international pressure to develop sustainable and circular businesses. This raises the question of entrepreneurs’ green awareness and the ability to adopt green values ​​in their business and management practices. While this has become a hot topic on the agenda of policymakers and researchers, there is a critically low level of green awareness among entrepreneurs. This highlights the need to explore how to better foster the development of a green business mindset among entrepreneurs. Collaboration with multiple stakeholders is currently promoted as an essential resource for companies to create a positive environmental impact and circular value. However, entrepreneurs do not recognise the advantages of collaboration, but instead face growing stakeholder green pressure. Collaboration competence has been recognised as one of the essential elements of the green business mindset. The awareness of green values ​​and the importance of collaboration in this context needs to be developed at school to provide theoretical knowledge and promote green skills. This study aimed to investigate the understanding of teachers and academic staff about the green business mindset and to assess their perception of the importance of collaboration competencies within the green business mindset. Research questions: 1) What are the main competencies comprising the green business mindset model and the status quo of the collaboration within this model; 2) How do teachers and academic staff perceive the importance of collaboration in developing the green business mindset? MATERIALS AND METHODS The systematic literature analysis, content analysis and clustering of the co-occurrence of keywords and concepts were used for the research. The empirical study reflects the situation in Latvia, and accordingly, the academic staff as well as teachers from Latvia were surveyed. Interviews of experts were conducted. The descriptive analyses synthesised the research results and described the main implications and further research gaps. RESULTS The green business model encounters the development of critical thinking, creativity, initiative and leadership, reflection, sharing and collaboration, environmental concerns and the attitude towards green values. The research results reveal the increased necessity to promote green awareness among youth, entrepreneurs, families and teachers. The academic staff rather have an overall understanding of green business, but they lack detailed green knowledge. Changing the behaviour and attitudes towards environmentally friendly business is considered most important, but collaboration is less critical. DISCUSSION Latvian entrepreneurs do not recognise the benefits and positive impact of green business practices. Changing customer values and global trends of sustainable transition will foster green business practices. Therefore, it is essential to develop knowledge of the circular and green business and stimulate behavioural changes of entrepreneurs to accept and follow environmentally friendly values. Previous studies prove the vital and integral role of collaboration with and for multiple stakeholders in creating positive environmental impacts. Such stakeholder collaboration includes various managerial tasks - the establishment of the relationship, value mapping and standard value orientation, regular communication, involvement and engagement, sharing and co-creation, and requiring appropriate competencies. Collaboration with multiple stakeholders is a cross-cutting issue that should be reflected horizontally in different study courses, not just in a specific environmental or ecological curriculum. However, the entrepreneurship and management study programmes should include stakeholder collaboration topics as one of the managerial practices. CONCLUSION This study describes the green business mindset model and its multi-dimensional nature, including knowledge and skills related to entrepreneurship, sustainability, ecology, and green education on the one hand, and emotional intelligence, green values and attitudes on the other. This research reveals the shorthand situation of Latvia. The green business mindset model envisages several levels of development and assessment – raising awareness, acquiring knowledge, changing attitudes and values, changing behaviour, and initiating green actions. The academic staff and teachers consider that, in Latvia, besides green business knowledge, the emotional, intuitive and spiritual intelligence, self-awareness and self-confidence encompassing green values ​​are essential, and should be developed.

Recently, the thesis that the use of methods and models of a linear economy can lead to negative social and environmental consequences of turbulent economic development, which will be difficult to correct, has become relevant. The thesis on the need for development without violating the ability to meet the needs of future generations is becoming more and more insistent. The object of the research is the process of ensuring the sustainable development of the country’s economy by adjusting linear models of economic processes. The most problematic is the transition from linear programming of economic processes to development without violating the ability to meet the needs of future generations. The proposed methods include the positive influence of more developed countries on the economy, efficiency, ecology and social problems in less developed countries. This approach allows to form proposals for the future prospects of business functioning. It is advisable to name the management of economic entities in the direction of sustainable development, in the model approach it should be a model of sustainable entrepreneurship. Its main goal should be to improve the quality of life. The model is a reflection of the continuous process of balancing the economic, social and environmental goals of economic entities, which provides for a flexible change in the distribution of resources as the environment changes. In addition, there is a stimulating impact on the environment and an increase in the chances in the market. The model of sustainable development at both micro and macro levels is the use of a circular economy built upon the causal aspect of innovation in the process of forming a model for its development. The proposal as to the model approach of sustainable entrepreneurship regarding the management of entrepreneurial activity in general and any enterprise in particular in the direction of sustainable development belongs to the future perspective of business functioning. Its main goal is to improve the quality of life. The model approach consists in the continuous process of balancing economic, social and environmental goals at enterprises, which involves a flexible change in the allocation of resources as the environment changes. In addition, there is a stimulating impact on the environment of entrepreneurial activity (of a company) in order to increase the chances in the market.

Learning outcomes Upon completion of the case, students will be able to reflect the forces, which may disrupt the art industry through Artientifique initiatives and the ability to apply Phoenix encounter method with proactive scanning to remain competitive; create various multi-functional roles as a youth entrepreneur in the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) capacity and be able to understand the level and review the competition and business trends from an art industry perspective; analyze how innovation clubbed with sustainability will create a competitive advantage in a circular economy; determine the leadership style most appropriate for MSMEs to indulge in innovation and sustainability in the fine arts business; and design and discover opportunities to promote women’s entrepreneurship in the art industry, especially in emerging markets. Case overview/synopsis On a cold Friday morning in November 2020, Aisha Mir was in utter confusion written all over her face. She had to decide on a prosperous pathway. Should it be customization or standardization of artwork? Also, whether she should continue investing in the existing in-house supply chain or outsource this to a third party. Being practicing sustainability in her personal and professional life, she had designed her art studio herself by using upcycled materials. While enjoying the pigeons and sparrows chirping and eating grains on her wide windowpane, she looked at the world map with keen interest and imagined herself flying to each country along with her gray and white pigeons. While sitting in Madina city, Saudi Arabia, she was concerned about the expired makeup collection hub being set up in Abu Dhabi, UAE. The collection and the painting processes had to be monitored; the artworks needed auditing, framing and packing before they were shipped to a customer. Centralizing would add unnecessary hassle, and outsourcing needed distribution of authority. Keeping the challenges in mind, she was struggling to find a solution for efficient community engagement. Complexity academic level This case has been particularly focused on undergraduate and postgraduate early-stage level students pursuing business or commerce programs, particularly those studying entrepreneurial and management courses in innovation and sustainability. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

It is evident that for an organisation, the most successful way for operating is being part of business ecosystems and creating more value than on its own. Universities play a specific role in this field. We undertook this research to verify the universities’ role in an innovation ecosystem where they work together with businesses to create and share new cutting-edge knowledge. Our theory-based research offers scientifically underpinned suggestions for innovators and entrepreneurs in developing innovation ecosystems with a specific focus on the altered role of universities. The article focuses on the roles of universities to discovers how it can become more resilient to adapt to the ever-changing demands of an innovation ecosystem. How can it provide professional knowledge sharing on an equal base within the ecosystem whilst remaining its leading role in innovation and knowledge development? This approach breaks with the traditional view of universities as the primary source of knowledge in society. Universities take several roles in a business ecosystem, which we conclude in this paper. To let universities stay strong in innovation, they must adapt their traditional role to suit to the ever-changing demands presented by the ecosystem. They need to focus on knowledge sharing instead of knowledge delivery to achieve a sustainable growth. The changing approach fits better the innovation and entrepreneurship by working within a knowledge ecosystem. Additionally, organisations must stay proactive by evaluating partners better, building meaningful relationships, and adopting a business-like mentality. Organising such a knowledge ecosystem will stimulate innovation and facilitate entrepreneurs in searching for new markets in an increasingly sustainable and circular world.

Learning outcomes Appendix 1: Comic Frames A At the end of the case study discussion, students will able to as follows: Explain various growth strategies as a potential unicorn with the exponential growth mindset rather than linear growth mindset through adaptation of Massive Transformative Purpose (MTP) and Moonshot Thinking (MT). Demonstrate innovative and creative plans and ideas, with the ability to scale up in the circular economy. Review and summarize the power of Collaborative Innovation (CI). Compare and contrast different ways in dealing with Hedgehog and Fox style of leadership into the business. Appendix 2: Comic Frames B At the end of the case study discussion, students will able to as follows: Act with a growth strategy as a potential unicorn with the exponential growth mindset rather than linear growth mindset through adaptation of MTP and MT. Simulate innovative and creative plans and ideas, with the ability to scale up in the circular economy. Assess and leverage the power of CI. Decide and differentiate in dealing with Hedgehog and Fox style of leadership into the business. Case overview/synopsis Ankit Tripathi, was a compassionate 22-year-old, the typical lad from New Delhi, India, who seemed driven to change the world. His elder brother Atul Tripathi, a young, creative 25-year-old, was sat there next to him, beaming with pride and gratitude. Both brothers, being mechanical engineering graduates, had experienced the advancement of technology at the cost of Mother Earth. It pained them no end. It was the reason that Atul had refused to serve as an engineer in a government institution after graduating. The parents were shocked when Ankit followed suit. The brothers were poles apart in their personality and temperament, and it was rare to see them agree on anything in this way. Yet, they agreed to disagree with their parents and ventured into becoming entrepreneurs with a purpose and passion to salvage the environment. They had a vision, but without a proper roadmap, it would certainly be a tough game. Nevertheless, they boldly embarked upon their journey and established their start-up “Uneako” in 2019. “Uneako” was a calculated risk, taking into account family resistance (parents’ attitude/perception), personal conflicts (psychological), financial limitations (resources), shallow expertise (professionalism), social concern acceptability and low awareness (environment), government regulations (legalities/approvals), conflicts between brothers (personality issues), etc. Being from a nonbusiness family, the brothers had defied the wave of obstacles and challenges in daring to start their own business, putting at stake the hard-earned money of their father, Satendra Tripathi. Amidst so much social mockery, would Atul and Ankit succumb and become a laughing stock or would they find something that they could live and die for? Complexity Academic Level Appendix 1: Comic Frames A: This case has been particularly focused on undergraduate level students pursuing business or commerce programs. Especially those studying core courses, for example, entrepreneurial and strategic management. Appendix 2: Comic Frames B: This case has been particularly focused postgraduate-early stage or higher level students pursuing business or commerce programs. Particularly those specializing in entrepreneurial and strategic management courses. Also, can be taught in the entrepreneurial or start-up workshops. Supplementary materials www.pewresearch.org/topics/generation-z/ Paulynice. J.P., (2019) “From Idea to Reality: An Entrepreneur’s Guide to Meaningful Business Growth” Paulynice Consulting Group. Hardy.D., (2015) “The Entrepreneur Roller Coaster: It’s Your Turn to Join The Ride” Success Publishers. Wadhwa.V., Amla.I., Salkever.A., (2020) “From Incremental to Exponential” Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Sustainable Entrepreneurship: Business Success through Sustainability edited by Christina Weidinger, Franz Fischler, René Schmidpeter, Springer 2014. Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

During the past two decades of e-commerce growth, the concept of a business model has become increasingly popular. More recently, the research on this realm has grown rapidly, with diverse research activity covering a wide range of application areas. Considering the sustainable development goals, the innovative business models have brought a competitive advantage to improve the sustainability performance of organizations. The concept of the sustainable business model describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and captures value, in economic, social, cultural, or other contexts, in a sustainable way. The process of sustainable business model construction forms an innovative part of a business strategy. Different industries and businesses have utilized sustainable business models’ concept to satisfy their economic, environmental, and social goals simultaneously. However, the success, popularity, and progress of sustainable business models in different application domains are not clear. To explore this issue, this research provides a comprehensive review of sustainable business models literature in various application areas. Notable sustainable business models are identified and further classified in fourteen unique categories, and in every category, the progress -either failure or success- has been reviewed, and the research gaps are discussed. Taxonomy of the applications includes innovation, management and marketing, entrepreneurship, energy, fashion, healthcare, agri-food, supply chain management, circular economy, developing countries, engineering, construction and real estate, mobility and transportation, and hospitality. The key contribution of this study is that it provides an insight into the state of the art of sustainable business models in various application areas and future research directions. This paper concludes that popularity and the success rate of sustainable business models in all application domains have been increased along with the increasing use of advanced technologies.

The socio-economic effects induced by the Pandemic and the Ukrainian war, together, have led to a substantial revision of our way of thinking, living, and producing. This year we have realized that another world is necessary and urgent. A world based on the principles of sustainability, on the use of renewable and local resources, towards a kind of new autarchy. Design has an important responsibility in this transition, but a transdisciplinary approach is indispensable to meet these challenges. Because to be truly sustainable, designers need to dialogue with scientists, ecologists, engineers, companies, and philosophers. Transdisciplinarity is fascinating for all, but it isn't easy to apply because designers, scientists, and humanists have different ways of working and thinking, various times, languages, and goals. The paper intends to present the results of the More Design Less Waste research project aimed at promoting design-based upcycling processes of post-consumer and post-production waste in the Campania region, in southern Italy, to generate new start-ups based on the circular economy. The research was born to develop a method to approach the upcycling of local waste with a design-driven point of view. An iterative method that Campania designers can use, regardless of the type of waste, to tackle very complex problems of waste management and unemployment by addressing them with their creative, interpretative, and innovative capabilities. A method that can help build new entrepreneurship is returning value to rejects that are considered only as a cost. The Hybrid Design Lab has conducted experiences in this field since 2013. These have led to new upcycling-based products such as chairs and tables for restaurants made from mussel and echinoid waste, lamps made from parts of used wine barrels, or home accessories made from glass or stone scraps from building demolitions.

Abstract Recent literature on new Taiwanese-Chinese immigrants to Western countries has focussed on those who have arrived since the late 1980s — but may not be staying permanently in their host countries — and have adopted a transnational residence pattern which requires them to engage in two or more social fields. Using autobiographical interviews, the author reconstructs the lives of early Taiwanese-Chinese immigrants in three different cities in Canada, and in Guam, an Unincorporated Territory of the US located in the insular western Pacific region. The three major research themes in this study pertain to reasons for and processes of migration, lived experiences, and self-identity. For this study, 46 Taiwanese-Chinese immigrants (24 in Canada and 22 in Guam) were selected from the available samples in the two respective regions where the author conducted extensive fieldwork in 2008-2011. Arriving mainly in the 1960s and 1970s, the early Taiwanese-Chinese immigrants to Canada and Guam survived various hardships, worked or established businesses from which they earned a steady income. Diligence, ingenuity and perseverance, as well as skills in entrepreneurship and social capital brought from Taiwan, served them well in their achievements in their new home countries in Canada and Guam. As young, well-educated university graduates or professionals at the time of immigration, sometimes re-migrating from another country, they developed significant language competency, social skills, and local knowledge in Canada and Guam. Having a strong sense of belonging, and identifying with the countries they have moved to, most of the Taiwanese-Chinese of Canada and Guam who took part in this study have become “permanent settlers” and some have even retired and remained in their host regions enjoying the multi-cultural environment. The current inquiry provides a timely case study of the meaningful diversity that is present among Taiwanese-Chinese permanent settlers, who are different from the transnational or circular migrants commonly found in the last three decades.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of coaching to develop female entrepreneurship by overcoming potential barriers. It sought to understand how entrepreneurial self-efficacy can be applied to development relationships, through on-line coaching, examining changes in the four key elements of entrepreneurial self-efficacy enactive mastery, vicarious experiences, social persuasion and psychological arousal. The study examines the impact of coaching relationships on female entrepreneurial self-efficacy compared to a control group. The participant group was matched with coaches and undertook a structured six months’ coaching programme. Design/methodology/approach This was a longitudinal study using a mixed methods approach. Questionnaires investigating entrepreneurial self-efficacy were collected at two time points for both the coaching and control group. After the first time point, the coaching group was supported through a six months coaching development programme. At the second time point, questionnaires were again completed by both groups and qualitative data gather via interviews with the coaching group. Findings The findings from this study showed that coaching relationships had a positive impact on coachees’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy, compared to the control group in terms of enactive mastery, vicarious experience, social persuasion and psychological arousal. This suggests that coaching is a development intervention which can be used to enhance self-efficacy beliefs of female entrepreneurs, thereby increasing their chances of engaging in successful business creation and operation. Research limitations/implications The group size was a problem, with four of the coaching group and ten of the control group dropping out. The coaching participants left the intervention due to personal reasons but no reason could be established for the control group participants leaving the study. The problem of ‘Type II’ was considered and in an attempt to overcome this problem, data were shown at below 10% (p < 0.10). It would also have been useful to collect more qualitative data from the control group. Practical implications An online coaching programme provided by women for women, which is tailored to the individual, can support female entrepreneurs through the difficult stages of start-up and development phases of business development. Creating more successful women owned businesses will not only provide financial benefits, but should help provide additional entrepreneurial networks for women, as well as more positive female role models. Exposure to positive role models has been found to have a direct effect on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This circular affect should in theory keep on increasing, if female entrepreneurs have access to the tailored support provided by coaching programmes such as the one used here. Social implications Considering the current global economic climate, it is increasingly important for women to be supported in small business ownership (Denis, 2012). Countries which actively promote women entering into business ownership will ultimately share the gains in terms of wider issues, i.e. improving education and health, and economic growth (Harding, 2007). If female entrepreneurship is to be encouraged and supported, provision needs to be designed and developed based on female entrepreneurs’ needs and requirements, rather than simply conforming to traditional business support models. Originality/value This study contributes to learning and theoretical debates by providing an understanding of female entrepreneurs' needs with regard to business support and how this can be related to and supported by coaching. It also adds to the literature on entrepreneurial self-efficacy, coaching and learning by providing empirical evidence to illustrate how coaching interventions, including the use of online methods, can have a positive impact on female entrepreneurial self-efficacy.

This 68th issue of the journal Cuadernos de Administración corresponds to the September-December 2020 period and gives closure to volume 36 on its 44th year. Twenty-twenty was a different year in many respects and with regards to past editorial processes, as it was faced with limitation and challenges associated with situation-specific constraints, new issues, and problems to be addressed, such as research in the sciences of administration, among other areas of the knowledge.As with past issues, the 16 papers published in issue 68 come from the previous months’ call, whose authors - from several countries and different regions of Colombia - entrusted their manuscripts to our editorial process. I thank our peer reviewers who supported us through their experience and expertise in assessing each paper for what we believe is an objectivity-based academic dialogue that seeks to recognize the quality of the scientific output proposed for each issue of Cuadernos de Administración. The first three papers in this issue are “Development of typical vacuum-packed and frozen Boyaca soups”, “Territorial Governance: A bibliometric analysis” and “University reports in Colombia: a contribution to accountability” The first paper’s authors study gastronomy and tourism in the department of Boyacá, Colombia, and their production processes to facilitate product handling and increase their offer to tourists. The second one is a bibliometric literature study analyzing territorial governance by analyzing papers from the Web of Science. The third paper presents the current state of accountability in Colombian public universities through research carried out analyzing university reports using the content analysis method.The second group of papers includes those entitled “The effect of human resource management practices and innovation: Colombian small and medium-sized enterprises”, “Quality Assessment in the Context of Banking Services” and “Performance appraisal: an experience between recognition and contempt” The first paper of that group accounts for the research carried with SME 492 managers in Cali, Bogotá, and Medellín on human resources management practices and their innovation effect. The second paper uses theoretical systematization to approach the quality assessment of services, banking services in this case, from a critical standpoint. The third article is a case study that uses qualitative interviews on a group of workers from a Colombian company in the energy generation and distribution sector. It examined the recognition or contempt experienced by and evidenced in the workers’ discourse after undergoing a performance appraisal designed under the Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM) logic. The third group of articles consists of those entitled “A comprehensive tax reform under OECD parameters for Colombia”, “Updating the strategic framework for the Spanish port system using a SWOT analysis” and “Correlating affective commitment with prosocial behavior: Does it matter to perceive that work has meaning?” The first one studies tax reforms in Colombia, the orientation of these, and identifies structuring-related problems. The second paper uses the SWOT analysis and benchmarking to analyze the Spanish port system. Finally, in the third paper, a study was conducted on 144 professional employees across various Colombian industries to analyze their prosocial behavior and attitudes in different organizational environments and under varying management practices, which may or may not promote prosocial behavior.“Absenteeism at work, remuneration, and equity: a confusing relationship”, “The role of family dynamics and culture in the psychological ownership of family shareholders in family businesses” and “Prospective and its valuation in public policy of two regional development strategies in Chile” are the papers that follow in this number. The first paper presents the results of a study conducted in a higher education institution that analyzes the relationship between absenteeism, workers’ compensation, and equity variables using statistical methods and based on 840 inputs. The second article studies 14 cases of Colombian and 5 Finns shareholders using qualitative and exploratory methods to analyze the role of family dynamics and culture in developing psychological ownership in family shareholders. The third article studies Chilean public officials’ perception of prospective from a qualitative approach, which is considered a tool for public policies in two regional development strategies. The following two papers are “Social commitment in organizations: a look at Universidad del Valle“ and “Current Challenges of the Social Function of Accounting” The first of the aforementioned papers’ authors study social commitment in a case study applied to the Universidad del Valle through interviews with officials and using content analysis on the Outreach Office’s management reports and the University’s Strategic Development Plans. The second article aims to determine potential social costs and financial statements’ models for social accounting.The last group of articles includes “Strengths and opportunities of sustainable entrepreneurship in Colombia” and “Institutional isomorphism in IPSAS adoption” The first case is an analysis of the strengths and opportunities of sustainable entrepreneurship in Colombia based on the review of papers published in the Colombian context, as available in the primary databases (national journals and university repositories were also included). The last article presents the results of a systematic literature review to study institutional isomorphism in governments’ implementation of IPSAS into their accounting model.The publication of Universidad del Valle’s Faculty of Administration’s 68th issue of Cuadernos de Administración consolidates us as a means of dissemination for scientific knowledge in that area. Twenty twenty-one will see our 45th year of publication, for which there will be a thematic issue on Circular Economy, with the support of HEC Montreal and the ITESM. In that anniversary framework, the first issue will present an analysis of these 45 years’ publications, among other activities. Once again, we thank each of the authors of these 16 papers and the peer reviewers who supported our editorial process, always bearing in mind that each article’s content is its authors’ responsibility. We hope that this issue will contribute to our readers’ academic work and that it will drive our research, reflections, or reviews in the sciences of administration.

International Journal of Innovation - IJI completes 7 yearsInternational Journal of Innovation - IJI has now 7 years old! In this editorial comment, we not only want to talk about our evolution but get even closer to the IJI community. It is our first editorial comment, a new IJI's communication channel. Some of the changes are already described on our website.IJI is an innovation-focused journal that was created to support scientific research and thereby contribute to practice. Also, IJI was born internationally, receiving and supporting research from around the world. We welcome articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish.We have published eight volumes in IJI since 2013, totaling 131 articles. Our journal is indexed in: Dialnet and Red Iberoamericana de Innovación y Conocimiento Científico; Ebsco Host; Erih Plus; Gale - Cengage Learning; Latindex; Proquest; Redalyc; Web of Science Core Collection (Emerging Sources Citation Index), among others. We provide free access “open access” to all its content. Articles can be read, downloaded, copied, distributed, printed and / or searched.We want to emphasize that none of this would be possible without the authors that recognized in IJI a relevant journal to publicize their work. Nor can we fail to mention the tireless and voluntary action of the reviewers, always contributing to the articles' improvement and skilling up our journal, more and more.All editors who passed through IJI have a fundamental role in this trajectory. And, none of this would be possible without the editorial team of Uninove. Everyone who passed and the current team. We want to express that our work as current editors of IJI would not be possible without you. Changes in the Intenational Journal of Innovation – IJIAs we mentioned earlier, IJI was born in 2013. And, over time, we are improving its structure always to improve it. In this section, we want to show some changes we made. We intend that editorial comments become a communication channel and that they can help our readers, authors, and reviewers to keep up with these changes.Although IJI is a comprehensive Innovation journal, one of the changes we want to inform you is that now, at the time of submission, the author will choose one of the available topics that best suit your article. The themes are: Innovative Entrepreneurship; Innovation and Learning; Innovation and Sustainability; Internationalization of Innovation; Innovation Systems; Emerging Innovation Themes and; Digital Transformation. Below, we present each theme so that everyone can get to know them:Innovative Entrepreneurship: emerging markets provided dynamic advantages for small businesses and their entrepreneurs to exploit the supply flows of resources, capacities, and knowledge-based on strategies oriented to the management of innovation. Topics covered in this theme include, for example: resources and capabilities that support innovative entrepreneurship; innovation habitats (Universities, Science and Technology Parks, Incubators and Accelerators) and their influences on the development of knowledge-intensive spin-offs and start-ups; open innovation, triple/quadruple helix, knowledge transfer, effectuation, bricolage and co-creation of value in knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship ecosystems; and adequate public policies to support innovative entrepreneurship.Innovation and Learning: discussions on this topic focus on the relationship between learning and innovation as topics with the potential to improve teaching and learning. They also focus on ways in which we acquire knowledge through innovation and how knowledge encourages new forms of innovation. Topics covered in this theme include, for example: innovative projects for learning; innovation-oriented learning; absorptive capacity; innovation in organizational learning and knowledge creation; unlearning and learning for technological innovation; new learning models; dynamics of innovation and learning; skills and innovation.Innovation and Sustainability: discussions on this topic seek to promote the development of innovation with a focus on sustainability, encouraging new ways of thinking about sustainable development issues. Topics covered in this theme include, for example: development of new sustainable products; circular economy; reverse logistic; smart cities; technological changes for sustainable development; innovation and health in the scope of sustainability; sustainable innovation and policies; innovation and education in sustainability and social innovation.Internationalization of Innovation: the rise of developing countries as an innovation center and their new nomenclature for emerging markets have occupied an important place in the international research agenda on global innovation and Research and Development (RD) strategies. Topics covered in this theme include, for example: resources and capabilities that support the internationalization of innovation and RD; global and local innovation and RD strategies; reverse innovation; internationalization of start-ups and digital companies; development of low-cost products, processes and services with a high-value offer internationalized to foreign markets; innovations at the base of the pyramid, disruptive and/or frugal developed and adopted in emerging markets and replicated in international markets; institutional factors that affect firms' innovation efforts in emerging markets.Innovation Systems: regulation and public policies define the institutional environment to drive innovation. Topics include industrial policy, technological trends and macroeconomic performance; investment ecosystem for the development and commercialization of new products, based on government and private investments; investment strategies related to new companies based on science or technology; Technology transfer to, from and between developing countries; technological innovation in all forms of business, political and economic systems. Topics such as triple helix, incubators, and other structures for cooperation, fostering and mobilizing innovation are expected in this section.Emerging Themes: from the applied themes, many emerging problems have a significant impact on management, such as industry 4.0, the internet of things, artificial intelligence or social innovations, or non-economic benefits. Intellectual property is treated as a cognitive database and can be understood as a technological library with the registration of the product of human creativity and invention. Social network analysis reveals the relationships between transforming agents and other elements; therefore, encouraged to be used in research and submitted in this section. The theoretical field not fully developed is not a barrier to explore any theme or question in this section.Digital Transformation: this interdisciplinary theme covers all the antecedents, intervening, and consequent effects of digital transformation in the field of technology-based companies and technology-based business ventures. The technological innovator (human side of innovation) as an entrepreneur, team member, manager, or employee is considered an object of study either as an agent of innovation or an element of the innovation process. Digital change or transformation is considered as a process that moves from the initial status to the new digital status, anchored in the theories of innovation, such as adoption, diffusion, push / pull of technology, innovation management, service innovation, disruptive innovation, innovation frugal innovation economy, organizational behavior, context of innovation, capabilities and transaction costs. Authors who submit to IJI will realize that they now need to make a structured summary at the time of submission. The summary must include the following information:(maximum of 250 words + title + keywords = Portuguese, English and Spanish).Title.Objective of the study (mandatory): Indicate the objective of the work, that is, what you want to demonstrate or describe.Methodology / approach (mandatory): Indicate the scientific method used in carrying out the study. In the case of theoretical essays, it is recommended that the authors indicate the theoretical approach adopted.Originality / Relevance (mandatory): Indicate the theoretical gap in which the study is inserted, also presenting the academic relevance of the discipline.Main results (mandatory): briefly indicate the main results achieved.Theoretical-methodological contributions (mandatory): Indicate the main theoretical and / or methodological implications that have been achieved with the results of the study.Social / managerial contributions (mandatory): Indicate the main managerial and / or social implications obtained through the results of the study.Keywords: between three and five keywords that characterize the work. Another change regarding the organization of the IJI concerns the types of work. In addition to the Editorial Comment and Articles, the journal will include Technological Articles, Perspectives, and Reviews. Thus, when submitting a study, authors will be able to choose from the available options for types of work. Throughout the next issues of the IJI, in the editorial comments, we will pass on pertinent information about every kind of work, to assist the authors in their submissions.Currently, the IJI is available to readers with new works three times a year (January-April; May-August; September-December) with publications in English, Portuguese and Spanish. From what comes next, we will have some changes in the periodicity. Next stepsAs editors, we want the IJI to continue with a national and international impact and increase its relevance in the indexing bases. For this, we will work together with the entire editorial team, reviewers, and authors to improve the work. We will do our best to give full support to the evaluators who are so dedicated to making constructive evaluations to the authors. We will also support authors with all the necessary information.With editorial comments, we intend to pass on knowledge to readers, authors, and reviewers to improve the articles gradually. We also aim to support classroom activities and content.Even with the changes reported here, we continue to accept all types of work, as long as they have an appropriate methodology. We also maintain our scope and continue to publish all topics involving innovation. We want to support academic events on fast tracks increasingly. About the articles in this edition of IJIThis issue is the first we consider the new organization of the International Journal of Innovation - IJI. We started with this editorial comment talking about the changes and improvements that we are making at IJI—as an example, showing the reader, reviewer, and author that the scope remains the same. However, at the time of submission, the author has to choose one of the proposed themes and have a mandatory abstract structured in three languages (English, Portuguese, and Spanish).In this issue, we have a section of perspectives that addresses the “Fake Agile” phenomenon. This phenomenon is related to the difficulties that companies face throughout the agile transformation, causing companies not to reach full agility and not return to their previous management model.Next, we publish the traditional section with scientific articles. The article “Critical success factors of the incubation network of enterprises of the IFES” brings critical success factors as the determining variables to keep business incubators competitive, improving their organizational processes, and ensuring their survival. Another published article, “The sharing economy dilemma: the response of incumbent firms to the rise of the sharing economy”, addresses the sharing economy in terms of innovation. The results of the study suggest that the current response to the sharing economy so far is moderate and limited. The article “Analysis of the provision for implementation of reverse logistics in the supermarket retail” made it possible to observe that through the variables that define retail characteristics, it is not possible to say whether a supermarket will implement the reverse logistics process. And the article “Capability building in fuzzy front end management in a high technology services company”, whose main objective was to assess the adherence among Fuzzy Front End (FFE) facilitators, was reported in the literature its application in the innovation process of a company, an innovative multinational high-tech services company.We also published the article “The evolution of triple helix movement: an analysis of scientific communications through bibliometric technique”. The study is a bibliometric review that brings essential contributions to the area. This issue also includes a literature review entitled “Service innovation tools: a literature review” that aimed to systematically review the frameworks proposed and applied by the literature on service innovation.The technological article “A model to adopt Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Business Intelligence (BI) among Saudi SMEs”, in a new IJI publication section, addresses the main issues related to the intention to use ERPBI in the Saudi private sector.As we mentioned earlier in this editorial, IJI has a slightly different organization. With the new format, we intend to contribute to the promotion of knowledge in innovation. Also, we aim to increasingly present researchers and students with possibilities of themes and gaps for their research and bring insights to professionals in the field.Again, we thank the reviewers who dedicate their time and knowledge in the evaluations, always helping the authors. We wish you, readers, to enjoy the articles in this issue and feel encouraged to send your studies in innovation to the International Journal of Innovation - IJI.