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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chronischer Stress'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Baumeister, Bernhard Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Chronischer Stress und Cortisolspiegel bei Arbeits- und Wegeunfällen / Bernhard Sebastian Baumeister." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123822315X/34.

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2

Schlagloth-, Kley Claudia [Verfasser], Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Fengler, and Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Fischer. "Berufliche Belastungsfaktoren und chronischer Stress bei freiberuflichen gesetzlichen Betreuern. Eine Erhebung zur Erfassung von beruflicher Belastung und chronischem Stress im retrospektiven Selbstbericht freiberuflicher gesetzlicher Betreuer / Claudia Schlagloth- Kley. Gutachter: Jörg Fengler ; Klaus Fischer." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058946358/34.

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3

Schlagloth-Kley, Claudia [Verfasser], Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Fengler, and Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Fischer. "Berufliche Belastungsfaktoren und chronischer Stress bei freiberuflichen gesetzlichen Betreuern. Eine Erhebung zur Erfassung von beruflicher Belastung und chronischem Stress im retrospektiven Selbstbericht freiberuflicher gesetzlicher Betreuer / Claudia Schlagloth- Kley. Gutachter: Jörg Fengler ; Klaus Fischer." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058946358/34.

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4

Hirschmann, Florian [Verfasser], and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Waschler. "Chronischer Stress im Nachwuchsleistungssport. Eine empirische Studie an bayerischen Eliteschulen des Sports (EdS) / Florian Hirschmann ; Betreuer: Gerhard Waschler." Passau : Universität Passau, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1124229701/34.

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5

Strahler, Jana. "Salivary alpha-amylase: More than an enzyme Investigating confounders of stress-induced and basal amylase activity." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-60778.

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Summary: Salivary alpha-amylase: More than an enzyme - Investigating confounders of stress-induced and basal amylase activity (Dipl.-Psych. Jana Strahler) The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are two of the major systems playing a role in the adaptation of organisms to developmental changes that threaten homeostasis. The HPA system involves the secretion of glucocorticoids, including cortisol, into the circulatory system. Numerous studies have been published that introduced salivary cortisol to assess HPA axis activity and therefore strengthens its role as an easy obtainable biomarker in stress research that can be monitored easily and frequently. Recent findings suggest a possible surrogate marker of autonomic activity due to autonomic innervation of salivary glands: salivary alpha-amylase (sAA). Up to date, additional methodological research is needed for a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of sAA activity in comparison to already established markers of ANS activity. The aim of the present thesis is to further our knowledge of confounders of sAA activity under basal and acute stress conditions and to strengthen the validity of this enzyme as an easy obtainable alternative for ANS testing. After introducing classical and modern stress concepts and stress system physiology (chapter 2), the reader is acquainted with anatomical basics of salivary gland innervation and secretion of salivary proteins, including sAA, due to autonomic innervation (chapter 3 and 4). Afterwards, a more nuanced review of methodological considerations of sAA determination shows gaps of knowledge concerning its usefulness as a marker of ANS activity (chapter 5). Given the fact that the integration of sAA into developmental and aging research is a relative recent phenomenon, several issues have to be addressed before a final conclusion could be drawn. Therefore, we conducted a series of studies incorporating these considerations regarding behavioral correlates of inter- and intraindividual differences in sAA activity with a special emphasis on older adults. Chapter 7 deals with sAA activity under psychological stress conditions in different age groups. Since vulnerability to disease and disease prevalence patterns change with age, it is important to investigate stress reactivity of people in different age groups. We therefore investigated children between 6 and 10 years, because childhood is a sensitive period of growth and development, and thus plays an important role for later life health. Young adults were included to represent the most studied human age group as a reference. Older adults between 59 and 61 years were investigated, because at this age the course is set for the further development of a person’s health in later life, and because autonomic stress responses in older age might be important determinants of cardiovascular and inflammatory aging. Our goal is to test for associations of sAA with more established stress system markers, i.e., salivary cortisol as outcome measurement of HPA reactivity, heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) as markers for autonomic reactivity, and to directly compare these responses between different age groups across the life span. Secretion of sAA and cortisol was repeatedly assessed in 62 children, 78 young adults, and 74 older adults after exposure to a standardized psychosocial stressor, the Trier Social Stress Test. In addition, cardiovascular activity was measured in both adult groups. Older adults showed attenuated sAA, HR, and HRV responses. Furthermore, we found higher sAA but lower cortisol at baseline as well as lower sAA and cortisol responses in children. Age by sex interactions were observed only for cortisol with higher responses in older male participants. No associations between the parameters were found. Results in children and young adults confirm previous results. Overall, findings implicate sAA as an alternative or additional autonomic stress marker throughout the life span, with marked and rapid responsiveness to stress in three relevant age groups. The impact of age and chronic stress on basal sAA activity is the center of interest in chapter 8. We therefore assessed diurnal profiles of sAA and salivary cortisol in 27 younger and 31 older competitive ballroom dancers as well as 26 younger and 33 older age- and sex-matched controls. According to the Allostatic Load concept, repeated, non-habituating responses to social-evaluative conditions, which characterize the lives of competitive ballroom dancers, should be associated with stress system dysregulations. Furthermore, we expect to see an increased sympathetic drive associated higher overall alpha-amylase activity in older adults. Analyses revealed an elevated daily overall output of sAA in older adults while there was no effect of age on mean cortisol levels. Alterations of diurnal rhythms were only seen in younger male dancers showing a flattened diurnal profile of sAA and younger dancers and female older dancers showing a blunted diurnal rhythmicity of cortisol. Furthermore, we found a negative correlation between summary indices of basal sAA and the amount of physical activity. In conclusion, higher overall output of sAA in older adults was in line with the phenomenon of a “sympathetic overdrive” with increasing age. Furthermore, a lower output of sAA in people who are more physical active was in line with the hypothesis of an exercise-induced decrease of sympathetic activity. Taken together, results of chapter 7 and 8 show a clear impact of age on sAA activity, either under acute stress or basal conditions. One problem when integrating sAA into developmental and aging research is the use of adrenergic agonists and antagonists what is very common in older adults, i.e. antihypertensive drugs (AD). As well, the previously shown sympathetic overactivity that occurs with normal aging is associated with higher blood pressure (BP). Therefore, chapter 9 deals with a possible impact of high BP and AD on diurnal sAA activity in 79 older adults (33 normotensive adults, 16 medicated vs. 45 hypertensive adults, 34 medicated). Results showed a pronounced rhythm of sAA in all groups. Diurnal profiles differed significantly between men and women with men lacking the typical decrease of sAA in the morning and showing more pronounced alterations throughout the day. An effect of AD on sAA profiles and area under the curve values indicates that subjects not using AD´s show a heightened diurnal profile and a higher total output of sAA. Descriptively, this was also true for hypertensive older adults. Hypertensive subjects and those not using AD showed the highest diurnal output of sAA and the steepest slope. In sum, our results show an impact of antihypertensive medication and a difference between normotensive and hypertensive subjects on characteristics of diurnal sAA activity. Hence, findings are of particular interest in research using sAA as a prognostic indicator of pathological states and processes. Given the fact that hypertension was also shown to be associated with substantial changes of transmitters within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) - the “biological clock” that receives photic input from retinal glands via the retinohypothalamic pathway - and an altered output from the SCN to the sympathetic nervous system, we broaden the idea of a possible effect of different lighting conditions on morning sAA profiles in chapter 10. In a counterbalanced within-subjects design six men and 16 women of different ages collected sAA morning profiles on two consecutive days with leaving their shutters closed on the one day (= dark) and open their shutters on the other day (= bright). We were able to replicate earlier findings of light-induced changes of salivary cortisol with higher responses during the bright condition. On either day, women showed larger cortisol increases than men. Despite multisynaptic autonomic connections arising from the SCN projecting to multiple organs of the body, we could not find an effect of sunlight on sAA morning profiles. Evidence for circadian clock gene expression in human oral mucosa might account for this result and indicates that peripheral oscillators may act more like integrators of multiple different time cues, e.g. light, food intake, instead of a “master” oscillator (SCN). Results of chapter 7 to 10 provide clear evidence that sAA is heightened in states of autonomic arousal, i.e. stress, aging and hypertension, and that its circadian rhythmicity seems to be regulated rather integrative than directly via efferent input from hypothalamic SCN neurons. In chapter 11 this thesis tries to approach one central question: What is the biological meaning of the findings made? According to this enzyme´s anti-bacterial and digestive action short term changes might not have a biological meaning itself but rather reflect just a small part of multiple coordinated body responses to stressful stimuli. While the sympathetic branch of the ANS mainly stimulates protein secretion, the parasympathetic branch stimulates saliva flow. Acute stress responses might therefore be interpreted as reflecting predominant sympathetic activity together with parasympathetic withdrawal. The same mechanism could also be suitable for the finding of higher diurnal levels of sAA in older adults or hypertensive subjects reflecting a higher peripheral sympathetic tone in these groups. Diurnal profiles of sAA itself may reflect circadian changes in autonomic balance. Circadian rhythms are of great advantage since they enable individuals to anticipate. This pre-adaptation enables the individual to cope with upcoming demands and challenges. Our finding of a relationship between sAA and salivary cortisol what strengthens the relevance of glucocorticoids that were previously shown to be able to phase shift circadian rhythms in cells and tissue. Within a food-related context there is evidence that decreasing levels of sAA in the morning could reflect increases of feeling hungry since sAA systematically increases during food consumption and with the subjective state of satiety. So far, much more research is needed to identify underlying physiological mechanisms of circadian sAA rhythmicity. Taking the next step, future studies will have to focus on the integration of sAA assessment into longitudinal studies and different disease states to prove its applicability as a marker of sympathetic neural functioning in the genesis and prognosis of disease.

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6

Petrowski, Katja, Sören Kliem, Michael Sadler, Alicia E. Meuret, Thomas Ritz, and Elmar Brähler. "Factor structure and psychometric properties of the english version of the trier inventory for chronic stress (TICS-E)." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-234462.

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Background Demands placed on individuals in occupational and social settings, as well as imbalances in personal traits and resources, can lead to chronic stress. The Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (TICS) measures chronic stress while incorporating domain-specific aspects, and has been found to be a highly reliable and valid research tool. The aims of the present study were to confirm the German version TICS factorial structure in an English translation of the instrument (TICS-E) and to report its psychometric properties. Methods A random route sample of healthy participants (N = 483) aged 18–30 years completed the TICS-E. The robust maximum likelihood estimation with a mean-adjusted chi-square test statistic was applied due to the sample’s significant deviation from the multivariate normal distribution. Goodness of fit, absolute model fit, and relative model fit were assessed by means of the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and the Tucker Lewis Index (TLI). Results Reliability estimates (Cronbach’s α and adjusted split-half reliability) ranged from .84 to .92. Item-scale correlations ranged from .50 to .85. Measures of fit showed values of .052 for RMSEA (Cl = 0.50–.054) and .067 for SRMR for absolute model fit, and values of .846 (TLI) and .855 (CFI) for relative model-fit. Factor loadings ranged from .55 to .91. Conclusion The psychometric properties and factor structure of the TICS-E are comparable to the German version of the TICS. The instrument therefore meets quality standards for an adequate measurement of chronic stress.

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7

Karge, Rachel Ayala [Verfasser]. "Die Glutathion/Glutathiondisulfid-Ratio als Hinweis von oxidativem Stress und nichtinvasive Gefäßmessung zur Ermittlung der arteriellen Gefäßeigenschaften bei Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz / Rachel A. Karge." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031098046/34.

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8

Marter, Nicole [Verfasser]. "Lebensqualität, chronischer Stress sowie Einstellungen und Verhalten zu Ernährung und Sport von gesunden und erkrankten BREAST CANCER GEN 1 und 2 -Mutationsträgerinnen im Verlauf einer multizentrischen Machbarkeitsstudie zum Lebensstil / Nicole Marter." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149512717/34.

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9

Feller, Silke [Verfasser], Matthaeus [Akademischer Betreuer] Vigl, Heiner [Akademischer Betreuer] Boeing, Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Busse, and Clemens [Akademischer Betreuer] Kirschbaum. "Chronischer Stress und seine Assoziation zur Körperzusammensetzung und etablierten Risikofaktoren des Lebensstils in einer EPIC-Potsdam-Substudie / Silke Feller. Gutachter: Heiner Boeing ; Reinhard Busse. Betreuer: Matthaeus Vigl ; Heiner Boeing ; Reinhard Busse ; Clemens Kirschbaum." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1068255889/34.

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Hoerig, Tino [Verfasser], Wolfgang F. [Akademischer Betreuer] Beyer, and Wolfgang F. [Gutachter] Beyer. "Der Einfluss von Erschöpfung und chronischem Stress auf den Rehabilitationserfolg beim chronischen Rückenschmerz / Tino Hoerig ; Gutachter: Wolfgang F. Beyer ; Betreuer: Wolfgang F. Beyer." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2020. http://d-nb.info/1206734132/34.

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Galli, Ursula. "Stress and pain (dys)regulation in chronic orofacial pain." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/99103158X/04.

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Penz, Marlene [Verfasser]. "From chronic stress exposure to increased disease vulnerability : Von chronischem Stress zu erhöhter Krankheitsvulnerabilität / Marlene Penz." Dresden : Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240760450/34.

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Tapia, León Onno [Verfasser]. "Einfluss von chronischem und akutem Stress auf appetitive Konditionierung / Onno Tapia León." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173614958/34.

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Kaluza, Simon. "Zum Stellenwert psychobiologischer Indikatoren für chronischen Stress bei Lehrern die Sommerferien-Studie." Hamburg Kovač, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992492467/04.

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Ockenfels, Margit. "Der Einfluss von chronischem Stress auf die Cortisolkonzentration im Speichel : Gesamtkonzentration, Tagesprofil und Cortisolreaktivität auf alltägliche Stressoren /." Münster ; New York : Waxmann, 1995. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=006799906&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Volmering, Lisa Clara [Verfasser], and Gudrun [Akademischer Betreuer] Schneider. "Auswirkungen von Stress und Traumatisierung auf die sensorische Wahrnehmung von chronischem Pruritus / Lisa Clara Volmering ; Betreuer: Gudrun Schneider." Münster : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149154616/34.

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Schmidt, Dominic [Verfasser], and Daniela [Akademischer Betreuer] Männel. "Wirkung von chronisch-psychosozialem Stress auf myeloide Suppressorzellen und auf Tumorwachstum / Dominic Schmidt. Betreuer: Daniela Männel." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081543310/34.

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Rohner, Anne-Christin [Verfasser]. "Auswirkungen von chronischem und akutem Stress auf die Herzfrequenzvariabilität bei Männern und postmenopausalen Frauen der gleichen Altersgruppe / Anne-Christin Rohner." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1176633813/34.

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Weber, Cora Stefanie [Verfasser]. "Psychologische und biologische Marker von Stress und autonomer Imbalance als Risikofaktoren für kardiovaskuläre und andere chronische Erkrankungen / Cora Stefanie Weber." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025240456/34.

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Hornetz, Lena [Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Erhard. "Telemetrische Untersuchungen zur Belastung von Mäusen durch verschiedene Methoden der Blutentnahme, Kennzeichnung und durch chronischen Stress / Lena Hornetz. Betreuer: Michael Erhard." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112943064/34.

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Vollmann-Honsdorf, Gesa. "Lichtmikroskopische und ultrastrukturelle morphologische Veränderungen in der Hippocampusformation von Tupaia (Tupaia belangeri) als Folge von chronisch psychosozialem Stress." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963793578.

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Heider, Miriam [Verfasser], André [Akademischer Betreuer] Bleich, and Christine [Akademischer Betreuer] Häger. "Telemetrische Überwachung zur Belastungsbeurteilung in Mausmodellen für Stress und chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen / Miriam Heider ; André Bleich, Christine Häger." Hannover : Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1179209354/34.

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Bruns, Lukas [Verfasser], Lars Ivo [Gutachter] Partecke, and Stefan [Gutachter] Hinz. "Der Einfluss von chronischem Stress auf die Tumorangiogenese des Pankreaskarzinoms - Intravitalmikroskopische und andere Betrachtungen / Lukas Bruns ; Gutachter: Lars Ivo Partecke, Stefan Hinz." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204200165/34.

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Risser, Hans-Heinrich [Verfasser]. "Die Cranio-Mandibuläre-Dysfunktion (CMD) als multifaktorielles Geschehen : eine Pilotstudie zur Erfassung von chronischem Stress in der zahnärztlichen Praxis / Hans-Heinrich Risser." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1054877580/34.

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Spiegel, Silvana [Verfasser], Helga [Gutachter] Stopper, Martin J. [Gutachter] Herrmann, and Sarah [Gutachter] Kittel-Schneider. "Mikrokernfrequenzanalyse unter dem Einfluss von Methylphenidat und chronischem Stress bei adultem ADHS / Silvana Spiegel ; Gutachter: Helga Stopper, Martin J. Herrmann, Sarah Kittel-Schneider." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1117477282/34.

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Speerforck, Sven [Verfasser]. "Parameter der Tumorprogression von humanen Pankreaskarzinomzellen unter Katecholaminexposition in vitro und therapierbare Effekte von chronischem Stress auf murine Pankreaskarzinome in vivo / Sven Speerforck." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1111111111/34.

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Rakers, Florian [Verfasser], Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwab, Herbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Witte, and Geert [Akademischer Betreuer] Mayer. "Der Einfluss von chronischem Stress während der Schwangerschaft auf die funktionelle Reifung des fetalen zentralen Nervensystems / Florian Rakers. Gutachter: Matthias Schwab ; Herbert Witte ; Geert Mayer." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1016368410/34.

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Faller, Sandra [Verfasser]. "Individuelle Auswirkungen von Bissverletzungen auf die Entstehung einer Glukokortikoid-Resistenz in Milzzellen männlicher C57BL/6–Mäuse unter dem Einfluss von chronischem psychosozialen Stress / Sandra Faller." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162193646/34.

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Gustaityte, Viktorija [Verfasser], Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Raasch, and Inge [Gutachter] Derad. "Einfluss der AT1-Blockade auf die Aufnahme von Cafeteriadiät und auf die diätinduzierte Adipositas nach chronischem Stress / Viktorija Gustaityte ; Gutachter: Inge Derad ; Akademischer Betreuer: Walter Raasch." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1209094207/34.

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Kollmar, Frank. "Abwehr- und Bewältigungsverhalten : eine Studie mit gesunden und chronisch kranken Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/359641245.pdf.

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Dirzka, Jennifer [Verfasser], Miriam [Gutachter] Cortese-Krott, and Maria [Gutachter] Grandoch. "Einfluss von Insulin und chronisch oxidativem Stress auf die endotheliale Funktion – Rolle der endothelialen Stickstoffmonoxid-Synthase / Jennifer Dirzka ; Gutachter: Miriam Cortese-Krott, Maria Grandoch." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220503509/34.

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Seubert, Florian [Verfasser], Bernstorff Wolfram [Akademischer Betreuer] von, Bernstorff Wolfram [Gutachter] von, and Robert [Gutachter] Jaster. "Tumorwachstum und Expression der Matrixmetalloproteinase-9 in einem orthotopen Pankreaskarzinom-Mausmodell unter der Einwirkung von chronischem Stress / Florian Seubert ; Gutachter: Wolfram von Bernstorff, Robert Jaster ; Betreuer: Wolfram von Bernstorff." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215293135/34.

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Seubert, Florian [Verfasser], Bernstorff Wolfram Akademischer Betreuer] von, Bernstorff Wolfram [Gutachter] von, and Robert [Gutachter] [Jaster. "Tumorwachstum und Expression der Matrixmetalloproteinase-9 in einem orthotopen Pankreaskarzinom-Mausmodell unter der Einwirkung von chronischem Stress / Florian Seubert ; Gutachter: Wolfram von Bernstorff, Robert Jaster ; Betreuer: Wolfram von Bernstorff." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-38779.

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34

Flohre, Stefanie [Verfasser]. "Psoriasis und Tinnitus: Der Einfluss von chronischem Stress und Arbeit und Beruf auf die beiden Krankheitsbilder : eine Vergleichsstudie an 103 Psoriasis vulgaris Patienten und 114 Patienten mit dekompensiertem Tinnitus / Stefanie Flohre." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1082202525/34.

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35

Muñoz, Saravia Silvia Gilka [Verfasser]. "Chronische Chagas-Erkrankung : Auto-Antikörper gegen den beta1-Adrenorezeptor, beta2-Adrenorezeptor und muscarinergen Rezeptor M2 sowie Entzündungsmarker, Marker für Oxidativen Stress und Herzmarker zur Risikoabschätzung, Diagnostik und zum Monitoring / Silvia Gilka Muñoz Saravia." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2010. http://d-nb.info/102410351X/34.

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36

Hausmann, Claudia [Verfasser], Karl Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Ladwig, and Karl-Friedrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Hamann. "Tinnitus und Stress – psychophysiologische Untersuchung zum Stressverhalten von Patienten mit chronischem Tinnitus : Vergleich kompensierter und dekompensierter Tinnituspatienten bezüglich ihrer Psychopathologie und ihrer physiologischen Stressreaktion im Strooptest / Claudia Hausmann. Gutachter: Karl-Friedrich Hamann. Betreuer: Karl Heinz Ladwig." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1058139215/34.

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Wintermann, Gloria-Beatrice, Kerstin Weidner, Bernhard Strauss, Jenny Rosendahl, and Katja Petrowski. "Predictors of posttraumatic stress and quality of life in family members of chronically critically ill patients after intensive care." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-215881.

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BACKGROUND: Prolonged mechanical ventilation for acute medical conditions increases the risk of chronic critical illness (CCI). Close family members are confronted with the life-threatening condition of the CCI patients and are prone to develop posttraumatic stress disorder affecting their health-related quality of life (HRQL). Main aim of the present study was to investigate patient- and family-related risk factors for posttraumatic stress and decreased HRQL in family members of CCI patients. METHODS: In a cross-sectional design nested within a prospective longitudinal cohort study, posttraumatic stress symptoms and quality of life were assessed in family members of CCI patients (n = 83, aged between 18 and 72 years) up to 6 months after transfer from ICU at acute care hospital to post-acute rehabilitation. Patients admitted a large rehabilitation hospital for ventilator weaning. The Posttraumatic Stress Scale-10 and the Euro-Quality of life-5D-3L were applied in both patients and their family members via telephone interview. RESULTS: A significant proportion of CCI patients and their family members (14.5 and 15.7 %, respectively) showed clinically relevant scores of posttraumatic stress. Both CCI patients and family members reported poorer HRQL than a normative sample. Factors independently associated with posttraumatic stress in family members were the time following ICU discharge (β = .256, 95 % confidence interval .053-.470) and the patients\' diagnosis of PTSD (β = .264, 95 % confidence interval .045-.453). Perceived satisfaction with the relationship turned out to be a protective factor for posttraumatic stress in family members of CCI patients (β = -.231, 95 % confidence interval -.423 to -.015). Regarding HRQL in family members, patients\' acute posttraumatic stress at ICU (β = -.290, 95 % confidence interval -.360 to -.088) and their own posttraumatic stress 3 to 6 months post-transfer (β = -.622, 95 % confidence interval -.640 to -.358) turned out to be significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Posttraumatic stress and HRQL should be routinely assessed in family members of CCI patients at regular intervals starting early at ICU. Preventive family-centered interventions are needed to improve posttraumatic stress and HRQL in both patients and their family members.

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Wintermann, Gloria-Beatrice, Kerstin Weidner, Bernhard Strauss, Jenny Rosendahl, and Katja Petrowski. "Predictors of posttraumatic stress and quality of life in family members of chronically critically ill patients after intensive care." Springer, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A30053.

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BACKGROUND: Prolonged mechanical ventilation for acute medical conditions increases the risk of chronic critical illness (CCI). Close family members are confronted with the life-threatening condition of the CCI patients and are prone to develop posttraumatic stress disorder affecting their health-related quality of life (HRQL). Main aim of the present study was to investigate patient- and family-related risk factors for posttraumatic stress and decreased HRQL in family members of CCI patients. METHODS: In a cross-sectional design nested within a prospective longitudinal cohort study, posttraumatic stress symptoms and quality of life were assessed in family members of CCI patients (n = 83, aged between 18 and 72 years) up to 6 months after transfer from ICU at acute care hospital to post-acute rehabilitation. Patients admitted a large rehabilitation hospital for ventilator weaning. The Posttraumatic Stress Scale-10 and the Euro-Quality of life-5D-3L were applied in both patients and their family members via telephone interview. RESULTS: A significant proportion of CCI patients and their family members (14.5 and 15.7 %, respectively) showed clinically relevant scores of posttraumatic stress. Both CCI patients and family members reported poorer HRQL than a normative sample. Factors independently associated with posttraumatic stress in family members were the time following ICU discharge (β = .256, 95 % confidence interval .053-.470) and the patients\' diagnosis of PTSD (β = .264, 95 % confidence interval .045-.453). Perceived satisfaction with the relationship turned out to be a protective factor for posttraumatic stress in family members of CCI patients (β = -.231, 95 % confidence interval -.423 to -.015). Regarding HRQL in family members, patients\' acute posttraumatic stress at ICU (β = -.290, 95 % confidence interval -.360 to -.088) and their own posttraumatic stress 3 to 6 months post-transfer (β = -.622, 95 % confidence interval -.640 to -.358) turned out to be significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Posttraumatic stress and HRQL should be routinely assessed in family members of CCI patients at regular intervals starting early at ICU. Preventive family-centered interventions are needed to improve posttraumatic stress and HRQL in both patients and their family members.

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Schmidt, Kornelius. "Chronic Stress, Executive Functioning, and their Methodological Assessment Challenges." 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A74072.

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The 21st century world is characterized by globalization, optimization, high performance demands, and continuous acceleration of processes. Not surprisingly, stress has steadily become more prevalent over the past years and has become a permanent challenge for many of us. Still we are always expected to perform at our best, and an impairment of cognitive performance can be devastating, particularly in the professional world. This ubiquity in daily life of chronic stress, cognitive demands, and their potential interactions was the motivation for this dissertation. Among cognitive processes executive functioning (EF) are of particular interest, as they represent set of fundamental cognitive abilities for mastering daily life. More precisely, EF is described as higher-order cognitive processes that control and coordinate complex cognitive tasks (Diamond, 2013; Miyake et al., 2000). The primary aim of this dissertation was to investigate the interplay between chronic stress and EF in detail. A three-year longitudinal cohort, the StressCog cohort, was established for this purpose. In order to understand the longitudinal interplay between chronic stress and EF, methodological foundations and cross-sectional matters had to be investigated first. As a result, this dissertation encompasses the following three studies: With classical laboratory designs, the estimation of generalizable and robust effects on the relationship between chronic stress and EF is impaired. Therefore, the StressCog study was set up to make use of internet-based data assessment within domestic environments. Study 1 addressed the feasibility of internet-based response time data, including the common concern that internet-based response time data collected in domestic environments is subject to increased data variability (Chetverikov & Upravitelev, 2016; Reips, 2002). To this end, performance measures collected in the laboratory were compared with measures collected in domestic environments. We found that a setting-related difference in the variability of conventional performance measures (i.e., response times and error rates), as well as diffusion model-based measures is only of small size. An overall increase of variance of approximately 5% was visible in domestic environments. However, as internet-based assessments allow for the recruitment of larger sample sizes (Reips, 2002) the loss of static power can be easily compensated. Therefore, the findings of Study 1 support the use of internet-based cognitive data collection in domestic environments. This formed a valuable basis regarding the collection and interpretation of the StressCog data used in Study 2 and Study 3. In order to get a broad picture of chronic stress the StressCog study aimed for multimethod assessment. The subjective (i.e., perceived) extent of chronic stress and conceptually related constructs were assessed by multiple self-reported measures. The objective (i.e., physiological) extent of chronic stress was assessed via hair cortisol concentration, which has been established as a widely accepted biological marker of chronic stress (E. Russell et al., 2012; Stalder & Kirschbaum, 2012). Surprisingly, however, multiple studies have shown that hair cortisol concentration is, at best, only weakly correlated with subjective chronic stress (Stalder et al., 2017; Staufenbiel et al., 2013; Weckesser et al., 2019). This lack of psychoendocrine covariance was addressed in Study 2 by investigating the construct validity of commonly used chronic stress instruments. A multidimensional item response theory approach was applied in order to display the overlap between items of commonly used measures of chronic stress, depressiveness, and neuroticism. A common latent scale covered the major amount of variance (40% to 48%). It appeared that the overlap of content is mainly based on fatigue, which is a core symptom of depressiveness. Similar to previously reported findings, the common latent scale displayed only a weak association with hair cortisol concentration. It can therefore be argued that items of self-reported chronic stress do not reflect the physiological (i.e., endocrine) aspect of chronic stress to a satisfactory extent. Thus, the results of Study 2 were a valuable basis for the interpretation of chronic stress data in Study 3. In Study 3, we investigated the cross-sectional association between chronic stress and EF. The study made use of data from the baseline assessment of the StressCog cohort (N = 514). Using structural equation modelling, we found no evidence for a meaningful association between chronic stress (i.e., self-reported measures and hair cortisol concentration) and a common latent EF factor. The results found in Study 3 were further supported by unpublished longitudinal StressCog data and analyses making use of diffusion model performance measures. Considering the mainstream of existing findings, which suggests chronic stress to be negatively associated with EF (e.g., Deligkaris et al., 2014; Sandi, 2013), an absence of an association between chronic stress and EF seems surprising. However, other existing findings support this perspective (Castaneda et al., 2011a; McLennan et al., 2016). Beyond this, the results of Study 1 and 2 help to explain why a lack of an association between chronic stress and EF is quite plausible. As within traditional, laboratory-based settings a recruitment of larger samples sizes is difficult and costly, most existing studies lack large, representative samples. In consequence, many findings are based on narrow sample characteristics. Supported by the findings of Study 1, the StressCog study made use of internet-based data collection, which led to the establishment of one the largest, population-based cohorts in the field. Thus, the results presented in this dissertation can be seen as much more robust and representative than many other studies that suggest opposing results. The findings of Study 2 allow for the assumption that many studies in the field make use of questionable self-report instruments and that subjective (i.e., self-reported) measures of chronic stress are only weakly related to objective (i.e., HCC) measures. In consequence, results always depend on the operationalization of the chronic stress measures being used. Caution is advised when comparing opposing results of different measures. With regard to our daily life demands, it may appear quite promising that no association between chronic stress and EF was found in this dissertation. However, these results should not be misunderstood. It has been demonstrated countless times that chronic stress can severely affect the human organism, causing various negative effects that go far beyond a possible impairment of cognitive abilities. Knowing that chronic stress can impair EF under certain circumstances leads to the central question of what conditions make stress toxic. In order to answer this question further systematic research is needed, in which representative samples and experimental study designs will be of crucial help. As long as these questions are not satisfactorily clarified, it seems best to deal with the challenges of chronic stress in a conscious and responsible manner.

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Rink, Nikki Janneke [Verfasser]. "Messungen von Endothelfunktion und oxidativem Stress zur Beurteilung des Arterioskleroserisikos bei Kindern mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz und bei Kindern mit korrigierten Herzfehlern / vorgelegt von Nikki Janneke Rink." 2006. http://d-nb.info/980397383/34.

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Spiegel, Silvana. "Mikrokernfrequenzanalyse unter dem Einfluss von Methylphenidat und chronischem Stress bei adultem ADHS." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-139387.

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Einleitung: Methylphenidat (MPH) als Medikament der ersten Wahl bei Patienten mit einem Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit- /Hyperaktivitätssyndrom (ADHS) ist für die Therapie von Kindern aber auch von Erwachsenen weit verbreitet. Weil es immer noch Sicherheitsbedenken gegen dieses Medikament gibt, wurde in der vorliegenden Studie untersucht, ob die Langzeiteinnahme von MPH unschädlich hinsichtlich eines zytogenetischen Effektes ist. Ein weiteres Ziel war die Beurteilung von chronischer psychosozialer Stressbelastung von Patienten im Vergleich zu Kontrollprobanden und zu beurteilen ob die Medikation einen Einfluss auf die Höhe des Stresses hat. Nicht zuletzt war das dritte Ziel der Studie zu untersuchen, ob Stress selbst zu zytogenetischen Schäden führt. Material und Methoden: Lymphozyten von 72 (42 ADHS- und 28 gesunde Kontrollprobanden) geschlechts- und altersgematchte Probanden im Alter von 18-28 Jahren, wurden aus venösem Blut für den Mikronukleusassay isoliert. Hauptendpunkt der Studie war die Mikrokernanzahl in binukleären Zellen. Die psychosoziale Stressbelastung der letzten drei Monate wurde mit dem Trier Inventar zum chronischen Stress (TICS) gemessen. Zusätzlich wurden Speichelproben für eine Cortisolmessung gesammelt. Ergebnisse: Ein Einfluss der MPH-Einnahme auf die Mikrokernfrequenz konnte nicht gefunden. ADHS-Patienten wiesen eine signifikant höhere Stressbelastung im Vergleich zu den Kontrollprobanden auf. Ein signifikanter positiver Einfluss auf das chronische Stresserleben unter MPH-Einnahme konnte bei Einnahme von mehr als 1 Jahr beobachtet werden. Die Stressbelastung der ADHS-Patienten und Kontrollprobanden zeigte keine Korrelation zu zytogenetischen Endpunkten. Eine kleine Untergruppe, ADHS-Patienten mit Komorbidität Depression, zeigte jedoch signifikante erhöhte Mikrokernfrequenzanzahlen unter stark erhöhtem chronischen Stress. Aussichten: Aus unserer Sicht kann MPH auch in der Langzeittherapie sicher hinsichtlich eines Krebsrisikos in gewichts- und symptomadaptierter Dosis eingesetzt werden. Weitere Studien sind nötig um das Krebsrisiko bei chronischer erhöhter Stressbelastung abzuschätzen
Introduction: Methylphenidate (MPH) as first line treatment for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is widely used not only for therapy in children but also in adults. Because there are still safety concerns for this medication this study investigated if the long term treatment of MPH is harmless regarding to cytogenetic effects. A further aim was to compare the psychosocial stress levels of ADHD patients to those in control subjects and to investigate if MPH medication has an influence on self-perceived stress levels in ADHD. The third aim of this study was to explore if psychosocial stress leads to cytogenetic damage. Materials and methods: Lymphocytes of 72 subjects (42 ADHD and 28 healthy control subjects), matched in age and gender(aged 18-28 years) were isolated from venous blood for micronucleus assay. Main endpoint was the micronucleus frequency in binucleated cells. Psychosocial stress exposure of the last three month was measured by Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (TICS). Additionally saliva samples were collected for cortisol measurement. Results: An influence of MPH intake on cytogenetic markers could not be found. ADHD patients showed significantly higher stress levels in comparison to control subjects. Patients taking MPH for more than one year displayed significantly lower chronic psychosocial stress levels than patients taking it less than one year or not-treated patients. Stress exposure of ADHD patients and control subjects showed no correlations to cytogenetic endpoints. A small subgroup of ADHD patients with comorbid depression showed significantly higher micronuclei frequencies and reported greater increased chronic stress. Views: We conclude that MPH in weight - and symptom - adjusted dose can be safely used also for long term treatment regarding to cancer risk. Further studies are necessary to estimate cancer risk for increased chronic stress exposure

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Kvint, Ariane [Verfasser]. "Immunoendokrinologie bei Stress : Interaktion von Cortisol und Makrophagen-migrationsinhibierendem Faktor (MIF) bei akutem und chronischem Stress im Menschen / vorgelegt von Ariane Kvint geb. Weber." 2009. http://d-nb.info/100020314X/34.

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Araya-Callís, Carolina. "Modulation of gene expression by chronic stress in astroglia in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the rat." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-EF5A-6.

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Reinhardt, Eva-Gabriela [Verfasser]. "Endokrinologische Veränderungen (Cortisol und Amylase) im Speichel bei akutem und chronischem Stress während einer stationären Psychotherapie / vorgelegt von Eva-Gabriela Reinhardt." 2008. http://d-nb.info/993365663/34.

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Folle, Jan. "Zusammenhang zwischen körperlicher Aktivität und gesteigerter sympathischer Nervenaktivität bei chronisch obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-6014-6.

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Hintergrund: Die chronisch obstruktive Lungenerkrankung (COPD) ist eine der Haupttodesursachen weltweit. Eine gesteigerte Aktivität des sympathischen Nervensystems wird als wesentlicher pathophysiologischer Aspekt vermutet. Grundsätze: Die vorliegende Arbeit untersuchte die muskelsympathische Nervenaktivität (MSNA) und die Baroreflex-Sensitivität bei COPD-Patienten und gesunden Probanden in Ruhe sowie unter moderater körperlicher Belastung. Ergebnisse: COPD-Patienten zeigten in Ruhe eine signifikant gesteigerte MSNA sowie eine signifikant verminderte Baroreflex-Sensitivität. Diese Ergebnisse bestätigen die Resultate vorausgegangener Publikationen der Arbeitsgruppe. In der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte erstmals ein signifikanter Anstieg der MSNA unter moderater statischer Belastung bei COPD-Patienten nachgewiesen werden. Fazit: In der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte erstmals eine Korrelation zwischen sympatho-vagaler Imbalance und verminderter körperlicher Leistungsfähigkeit bei COPD-Patienten nachgewiesen werden. Eine Modifikation der neuro-humoralen Aktivität bei COPD-Patienten könnte in Zukunft eine Rolle in der Behandlung der COPD spielen und sollte in größeren, randomisierten Studien untersucht werden.

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