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Journal articles on the topic 'Chronic and acute diseases'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Senok, A. C. "Chronic Versus Acute Diseases." Science 309, no. 5733 (July 15, 2005): 380b—381b. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.309.5733.380b.

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2

Zafrani, Lara, and Can Ince. "Microcirculation in Acute and Chronic Kidney Diseases." American Journal of Kidney Diseases 66, no. 6 (December 2015): 1083–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.06.019.

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3

V. Vernekar, Pradeep. "HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA IN ACUTE & CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2, no. 43 (October 26, 2013): 8372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/1469.

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4

Pfeiffer, H. "Acute infections in children with chronic diseases." British Homoeopathic journal 82, no. 2 (April 1993): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-0785(05)81063-4.

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5

Turk, Dennis C. "Are Pain Syndromes Acute or Chronic Diseases?" Clinical Journal of Pain 16, no. 4 (December 2000): 279–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002508-200012000-00001.

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6

Floege, Jürgen. "Models for acute and chronic kidney diseases." Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models 7, no. 1-2 (March 2010): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ddmod.2010.11.002.

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7

Lin, Tien-An, Victor Chien-Chia Wu, and Chao-Yung Wang. "Autophagy in Chronic Kidney Diseases." Cells 8, no. 1 (January 16, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8010061.

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Autophagy is a cellular recycling process involving self-degradation and reconstruction of damaged organelles and proteins. Current evidence suggests that autophagy is critical in kidney physiology and homeostasis. In clinical studies, autophagy activations and inhibitions are linked to acute kidney injuries, chronic kidney diseases, diabetic nephropathies, and polycystic kidney diseases. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are implicated as important mechanisms underlying many kidney diseases, modulate the autophagy activation and inhibition and lead to cellular recycling dysfunction. Abnormal autophagy function can induce loss of podocytes, damage proximal tubular cells, and glomerulosclerosis. After acute kidney injuries, activated autophagy protects tubular cells from apoptosis and enhances cellular regeneration. Patients with chronic kidney diseases have impaired autophagy that cannot be reversed by hemodialysis. Multiple nephrotoxic medications also alter the autophagy signaling, by which the mechanistic insights of the drugs are revealed, thus providing the unique opportunity to manage the nephrotoxicity of these drugs. In this review, we summarize the current concepts of autophagy and its molecular aspects in different kidney cells pathophysiology. We also discuss the current evidence of autophagy in acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, toxic effects of drugs, and aging kidneys. In addition, we examine therapeutic possibilities targeting the autophagy system in kidney diseases.
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8

khatal, Sujata, Priya Nair, and U. B. Shetkar U.B.Shetkar. "Case Report of Acute on Chronic Pancreatitis with Hyperparathyroidism with Chronic Kidney Disease." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2011): 397–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/mar2014/124.

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9

Suvada, Jozef, Irad Bejdjebel, Vladimir Krcmery, Zuzana Dudlova, Premyslaw Ulmann, Alexandra Mamova, Michael Leisten, et al. "The Most Common Diseases Among Syrian and Palestinian Refugees to Lebanon: Acute and Chronic Stress Related Diseases are Prevalent." Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention 8, no. 1 (March 27, 2017): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22359/cswhi_8_1_11.

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10

Ramonet, David, Marco Pugliese, Manuel J. Rodrı́guez, Lluı̈sa de Yebra, Carmen Andrade, Rosa Adroer, Teresa Ribalta, Joan Mascort, and Nicole Mahy. "Calcium precipitation in acute and chronic brain diseases." Journal of Physiology-Paris 96, no. 3-4 (May 2002): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0928-4257(02)00020-7.

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11

Kreuter, Michael, and Vincent Cottin. "The threat in chronic lung diseases: acute exacerbations." European Respiratory Review 26, no. 145 (September 27, 2017): 170075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0075-2017.

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12

Kennedy, David W., and Erica R. Thaler. "ACUTE VS. CHRONIC SINUSITIS." Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 6, Supplement 2 (November 1997): S49—S58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019048-199711002-00005.

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13

Ayala, Ignacio, and Nieves Martos. "Changes in serum dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, and 17β-oestradiol levels associated with disease and surgery in the horse." Acta Veterinaria Brno 82, no. 1 (2013): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201382010091.

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The aim of this work was to measure serum concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone and 17β-oestradiol in horses with various diseases and after surgery. We hypothesize that diseases and castration could potentially affect concentrations of steroid reproductive hormones. Blood samples were obtained from six groups of horses comprising a total of 119 horses (75 males and 44 females, 5–15 years old) with laminitis, acute abdominal syndrome, acute diseases, chronic diseases, after castration and healthy control. Hormone concentrations in serum were determined for each group using competitive enzyme immunoassay. Significant increases compared to control were found for dehydroepiandrosterone in horses with castration (P < 0.01), acute abdominal syndrome and acute diseases (P < 0.05). Besides, significant increases were observed for androstenedione in horses with laminitis, castration and acute diseases (P < 0.01), and in acute abdominal syndrome and chronic diseases (P < 0.05). Significant increases were also found for testosterone in horses with castration (P < 0.01) and with laminitis, acute abdominal syndrome and chronic diseases (P < 0.05). The lowest values of testosterone were found in the control group. Compared to control, 17b-oestradiol serum concentrations showed significant decreases (P < 0.01) in horses with laminitis, acute abdominal syndrome, acute and chronic diseases. Significant differences (P < 0.05) for the four studied hormones were found between males and females in each group. Our results showed that there were significant differences in steroid reproductive hormone concentrations in diseased horses and in those after surgery, compared to controls.
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14

Gallis, Harry A. "ACUTE BRONCHITIS AND ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS." Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 3, no. 2 (March 1994): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019048-199403000-00002.

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15

Maribzhanovna, Kakharova Dildora, Shadmanov Mirzamakhmud Alisherovich, Khoshimova Dilrabo Khoshimovna, Abdurkhmanova Mukhayyo Abdurakhimovna, and Madaminkhuzhaeva Dilafruz. "Application Of The Preparation Floxal In Treatment Of Acute And Chronic Diseases Of The Lid And Conjunctives." American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 03, no. 06 (June 10, 2021): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume03issue06-19.

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The problem of treating inflammatory diseases of the anterior segment of the eye, in particular chronic allergic conjunctivitis, blepharoconjunctivitis , continues to be relevant. In addition to the pronounced subjective discomfort, cosmetic defect, these diseases pose a danger to the cornea. Our study was aimed at studying the effectiveness of Floxal antibacterial ophthalmic ointment - in the treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the eyelids and conjunctiva.
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16

Herrero-Cervera, Andrea, Oliver Soehnlein, and Ellinor Kenne. "Neutrophils in chronic inflammatory diseases." Cellular & Molecular Immunology 19, no. 2 (January 17, 2022): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41423-021-00832-3.

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AbstractChronic inflammation is a component of many disease conditions that affect a large group of individuals worldwide. Chronic inflammation is characterized by persistent, low-grade inflammation and is increased in the aging population. Neutrophils are normally the first responders to acute inflammation and contribute to the resolution of inflammation. However, in chronic inflammation, the role of neutrophils is less well understood and has been described as either beneficial or detrimental, causing tissue damage and enhancing the immune response. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils are important players in several chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and autoimmune disorders. This review will highlight the interaction of neutrophils with other cells in the context of chronic inflammation, the contribution of neutrophils to selected chronic inflammatory diseases, and possible future therapeutic strategies.
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17

Ball, Peter. "Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 13, no. 2 (April 2000): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001432-200004000-00013.

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18

Brook, Itzhak. "Acute and Chronic Bacterial Sinusitis." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 21, no. 2 (June 2007): 427–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2007.02.001.

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19

Vizel, А. A., R. F. Khamitov, E. D. Gizatullina, S. M. Khasanova, R. S. Fatkullina, M. S. Filatova, Y. A. Aznabaeva, and I. N. Khalfiev. "Efficiency of ambrosan in bronchopulmonary diseases." Kazan medical journal 80, no. 3 (April 2, 1999): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj66684.

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As many as 137 patients with acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma, bron- choectatic disease and tuberculosis were given ambrosan in a dose of 30 mg three times per day in combined therapy (all patients were given antibacterial drugs). It was shown that ambrosan softens cough, promotes sputum passage, positively affects rhe bronchopulmonary disease course. This effect was the most pronounced in acute and chronic bronchitis (87% and 94,8%).
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20

McDonald, Vanessa M., Christian R. Osadnik, and Peter G. Gibson. "Treatable traits in acute exacerbations of chronic airway diseases." Chronic Respiratory Disease 16 (January 1, 2019): 147997311986795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1479973119867954.

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Acute exacerbations of chronic airway disease are common occurrences that cause a major burden of illness. Acute exacerbations are associated with impaired health status, increased lung function decline, hospitalization and increased risk of death. Exacerbation avoidance is a major priority. Despite this goal, exacerbations continue to occur and the need for effective models of care that optimize patient outcomes are urgently needed. ‘Treatable Traits’ is an approach to personalized medicine that has been proposed for the management of airway diseases. The treatable traits approach allows for the recognition of clinically important, identifiable and treatable disease characteristics, followed by targeted and individualized treatment interventions to address each trait. We review the literature relating to treatable traits in airway diseases; in particular, those traits that can predict exacerbations and approaches to management that aim to prevent exacerbations by using a treatable traits model of care. We propose this approach as a potentially useful model of care to both prevent and manage acute exacerbations.
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21

Zhang, Yuan-Yao, and Zhong-Ji Meng. "Definition and classification of acute-on-chronic liver diseases." World Journal of Clinical Cases 10, no. 15 (May 26, 2022): 4717–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i15.4717.

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22

Massaccesi, Luca, and Carmela Rita Balistreri. "Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Acute and Chronic Diseases." Antioxidants 11, no. 9 (September 7, 2022): 1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091766.

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Molecular biomarkers consent to apply individual decisions in the complex management of both acute or chronic diseases, and their identification constitutes a fundamental phase for achieving the important object to develop personalized therapies [...]
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23

Brubaker, R. R. "Factors promoting acute and chronic diseases caused by yersiniae." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 4, no. 3 (July 1991): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.4.3.309.

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The experimental system constructed with the medically significant yersiniae provides a powerful basic model for comparative study of factors required for expression of acute versus chronic disease. The system exploits the close genetic similarity between Yersinia pestis, the etiological agent of bubonic plague, and enteropathogenic Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica. Y. pestis possesses three plasmids, of which one, shared by the enteropathogenic species, mediates a number of virulence factors that directly or indirectly promote survival within macrophages and immunosuppression. The two remaining plasmids are unique and encode functions that promote acute disease by enhancing bacterial dissemination in tissues and resistance to phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes. These properties are replaced in the enteropathogenic yersiniae by host cell invasins and an adhesin which promote chronic disease; the latter are cryptic in Y. pestis. Additional distinctions include specific mutational losses in Y. pestis which result in loss of fitness in natural environments plus gain of properties that facilitate transmission and infection via fleabite.
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24

Brubaker, R. R. "Factors promoting acute and chronic diseases caused by yersiniae." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 4, no. 3 (1991): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.4.3.309-324.1991.

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25

Landolfi, Raffaele, Giuseppe Leone, Giuseppe Fedeli, Sergio Storti, Ferdinando Laghi, and Bruno Bizzi. "Platelet-Associated IgG in Acute and Chronic Hepatic Diseases." Scandinavian Journal of Haematology 25, no. 5 (April 24, 2009): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.1981.tb01423.x.

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26

Meliconi, R., O. Parracino, A. Facchini, A. M. Morselli-Labate, Flavia Bortolotti, F. Tremolada, M. Martuzzi, F. Miglio, and G. Gasbarrini. "Acute phase proteins in chronic and malignant liver diseases." Liver 8, no. 2 (December 10, 2008): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb00970.x.

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27

De Schepper, Luc. "Using Acute Intercurrent or Intermediate Remedies in Chronic Diseases." Homoeopathic Links 18, no. 1 (2005): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-837478.

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28

Fiskum, Gary, Anne N. Murphy, and M. Flint Beal. "Mitochondria in Neurodegeneration: Acute Ischemia and Chronic Neurodegenerative Diseases." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 19, no. 4 (April 1999): 351–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004647-199904000-00001.

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29

Sharma, Rahul, and Gilbert R. Kinsey. "Regulatory T cells in acute and chronic kidney diseases." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 314, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): F679—F698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00236.2017.

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Foxp3-expressing CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) make up one subset of the helper T cells (Th) and are one of the major mechanisms of peripheral tolerance. Tregs prevent abnormal activation of the immune system throughout the lifespan, thus protecting from autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have elucidated the role of Tregs beyond autoimmunity. Tregs play important functions in controlling not only innate and adaptive immune cell activation, but also regulate nonimmune cell function during insults and injury. Inflammation contributes to a multitude of acute and chronic diseases affecting the kidneys. This review examines the role of Tregs in pathogenesis of renal inflammatory diseases and explores the approaches for enhancing Tregs for prevention and therapy of renal inflammation.
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30

Dinarello, C. A. "Blocking interleukin-1β in acute and chronic autoinflammatory diseases." Journal of Internal Medicine 269, no. 1 (December 16, 2010): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02313.x.

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31

Papastergiou, K., and K. Gourgoulianis. "Comorbidity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute cardiovascular diseases." Herz 43, no. 5 (June 12, 2017): 466–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00059-017-4582-1.

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32

Morevati, Marya, Evandro Fei Fang, Maria L. Mace, Mehmet Kanbay, Eva Gravesen, Anders Nordholm, Søren Egstrand, and Mads Hornum. "Roles of NAD+ in Acute and Chronic Kidney Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010137.

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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form, NAD+) is a critical coenzyme, with functions ranging from redox reactions and energy metabolism in mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation to being a central player in multiple cellular signaling pathways, organ resilience, health, and longevity. Many of its cellular functions are executed via serving as a co-substrate for sirtuins (SIRTs), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), and CD38. Kidney damage and diseases are common in the general population, especially in elderly persons and diabetic patients. While NAD+ is reduced in acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), mounting evidence indicates that NAD+ augmentation is beneficial to AKI, although conflicting results exist for cases of CKD. Here, we review recent progress in the field of NAD+, mainly focusing on compromised NAD+ levels in AKI and its effect on essential cellular pathways, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, compromised autophagy, and low expression of the aging biomarker αKlotho (Klotho) in the kidney. We also review the compromised NAD+ levels in renal fibrosis and senescence cells in the case of CKD. As there is an urgent need for more effective treatments for patients with injured kidneys, further studies on NAD+ in relation to AKI/CKD may shed light on novel therapeutics.
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33

Herald, G. Peter Praveen, and Suresh Kumar Cherlopalli. "FACTORS DETERMINING OUTCOMES IN ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE." International Journal of Integrative Medical Sciences 5, no. 7 (August 20, 2018): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijims.2018.127.

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34

Monroe, Eugene. "Therapy of acute and chronic urticaria." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 8, S1 (May 1997): S11—S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.1997.tb01069.x.

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35

Kasperska-Zajac, A. "Acute-phase response in chronic urticaria." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 26, no. 6 (November 25, 2011): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04366.x.

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36

MONROE, E. "Therapy of acute and chronic urticaria." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 8 (May 1997): S11—S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-9959(97)90018-0.

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37

Kanda, Tatsuo, Reina Sasaki-Tanaka, Tomotaka Ishii, Hayato Abe, Masahiro Ogawa, and Hirayuki Enomoto. "Acute Liver Failure and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in COVID-19 Era." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 14 (July 21, 2022): 4249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144249.

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38

Davydov, V. V., E. L. Arekhina, and M. S. Tarasova. "Acute kidney injury worsens outcomes in acute decompensation of chronic heart failure." CardioSomatics 8, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/cs45367.

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Acute kidney injury was 33.6% of patients had acute decompensation of chronic heart failure. This complication has increased the number of cardiovascular diseases, relapses of chronic heart failure decompensation and mortality during the next 12 months.
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39

Neupane, Maniraj, and Erik R. Swenson. "High-Altitude Pulmonary Vascular Diseases." Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension 15, no. 3 (January 1, 2017): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21693/1933-088x-15.3.149.

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More than 140 million people permanently reside in high-altitude regions of Asia, South America, North America, and Africa. Another 40 million people travel to these places annually for occupational and recreational reasons, and are thus exposed to the low ambient partial pressure of oxygen. This review will focus on the pulmonary circulatory responses to acute and chronic high-altitude hypoxia, and the various expressions of maladaptation and disease arising from acute pulmonary vasoconstriction and subsequent remodeling of the vasculature when the hypoxic exposure continues. These unique conditions include high-altitude pulmonary edema, high-altitude pulmonary hypertension, subacute mountain sickness, and chronic mountain sickness.
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40

Fatima, Tanveer, Aurangzeb Afzal, and Sania Ashraf. "CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 06 (June 9, 2018): 887–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4418.

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41

Pan, Binbin, and Guoping Fan. "Stem cell-based treatment of kidney diseases." Experimental Biology and Medicine 245, no. 10 (April 11, 2020): 902–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370220915901.

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Kidney dysfunction, including chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury, is a globally prevalent health problem. However, treatment regimens are still lacking, especially for conditions involving kidney fibrosis. Stem cells hold great promise in the treatment of chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury, but success has been hampered by insufficient incorporation of the stem cells in the injured kidney. Thus, new approaches for the restoration of kidney function after acute or chronic injury have been explored. Recently, kidney organoids have emerged as a useful tool in the treatment of kidney diseases. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and approaches of cell therapy in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, including diabetic kidney disease and lupus nephritis. We also summarize the potential applications of kidney organoids in the treatment of kidney diseases. Impact statement Stem cells hold great promise in regenerative medicine. Pluripotent stem cells have been differentiated into kidney organoids to understand human kidney development and to dissect renal disease mechanisms. Meanwhile, recent studies have explored the treatment of kidney diseases using a variety of cells, including mesenchymal stem cells and renal derivatives. This mini-review discusses the diverse mechanisms underlying current renal disease treatment via stem cell therapy. We postulate that clinical applications of stem cell therapy for kidney diseases can be readily achieved in the near future.
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42

Sayaf, Katia, Daniela Gabbia, Francesco Paolo Russo, and Sara De Martin. "The Role of Sex in Acute and Chronic Liver Damage." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18 (September 13, 2022): 10654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810654.

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Acute and chronic hepatic damages are caused by xenobiotics or different diseases affecting the liver, characterized by different etiologies and pathological features. It has been demonstrated extensively that liver damage progresses differently in men and women, and some chronic liver diseases show a more favorable prognosis in women than in men. This review aims to update the most recent advances in the comprehension of the molecular basis of the sex difference observed in both acute and chronic liver damage. With this purpose, we report experimental studies on animal models and clinical observations investigating both acute liver failure, e.g., drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and chronic liver diseases, e.g., viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), autoimmune liver diseases, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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43

El-Reshaid, Kamel. "B-mode gray-scale ultrasound abnormalities in adult patients: A useful tool in diagnosis of kidney diseases." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 3 (May 15, 2021): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i3.4698.

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Ultrasound scanning of the urogenital tract has a pivotal role in revealing most etiologies of renal disease. Moreover, it is also of value in assessment of disease prognosis and its progression. In this review article, details of the examination technique, ultrasonic kidney norms and the clinicoradiological correlation regarding acute and chronic kidney disease are presented. Specific characteristics of diseases viz. acute and chronic glomerulopathy, diabetes, amyloidosis, chronic reflux nephropathy, Nephroangiosclerosis, vasculitis, nephrocalcinosis, cystic diseases of the kidney, renal infarction and obstructive uropathy are presented. Keywords: acute, chronic, diagnosis, diseases, ultrasound, kidney.
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44

Zhang, William R., and Chirag R. Parikh. "Biomarkers of Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease." Annual Review of Physiology 81, no. 1 (February 10, 2019): 309–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-020518-114605.

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The current unidimensional paradigm of kidney disease detection is incompatible with the complexity and heterogeneity of renal pathology. The diagnosis of kidney disease has largely focused on glomerular filtration, while assessment of kidney tubular health has notably been absent. Following insult, the kidney tubular cells undergo a cascade of cellular responses that result in the production and accumulation of low-molecular-weight proteins in the urine and systemic circulation. Modern advancements in molecular analysis and proteomics have allowed the identification and quantification of these proteins as biomarkers for assessing and characterizing kidney diseases. In this review, we highlight promising biomarkers of kidney tubular health that have strong underpinnings in the pathophysiology of kidney disease. These biomarkers have been applied to various specific clinical settings from the spectrum of acute to chronic kidney diseases, demonstrating the potential to improve patient care.
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45

Fernandez-Bustamante, Ana, and John Repine. "Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)." Current Pharmaceutical Design 20, no. 9 (March 31, 2014): 1400–1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990561.

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46

Rozenberg, O. A. "Pulmonary Surfactants for Acute and Chronic Lung Diseases (Part I)." General Reanimatology 10, no. 4 (August 26, 2014): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2014-4-51-73.

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47

Rozenberg, O. A. "Pulmonary Surfactants for Acute and Chronic Lung Diseases (Part II)." General Reanimatology 10, no. 5 (October 21, 2014): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2014-5-69-86.

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48

Goldstein, David S. "Computer Models of Stress, Allostasis, and Acute and Chronic Diseases." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1148, no. 1 (December 2008): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1410.061.

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49

KUBOTA, Tatsuya, Yoshiko TAKAGI, and Hideo KIMURA. "Kampo Medicine Treatment of Acute Infection Be-treating Chronic Diseases." Kampo Medicine 61, no. 3 (2010): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3937/kampomed.61.359.

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Akimova, V. M., and L. E. Lapovets. "Systemic effects of inflammation in acute and chronic abdominal diseases." Fiziolohichnyĭ zhurnal 64, no. 2 (April 10, 2018): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fz64.02.047.

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