Relevant bibliographies by topics / CHROMIUM OXIDES

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'CHROMIUM OXIDES'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "CHROMIUM OXIDES"

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Cochran, SJ, and FP Larkins. "An X-Ray Photoelectron Study of Doped and Supported Nickel Oxide." Australian Journal of Chemistry 38, no. 9 (1985): 1293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9851293.

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The surfaces of lithium-and chromium-doped nickel oxide and of nickel oxide supported on alumina have been examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The concentration of the nickel(III) species increased for the lithium-doped oxide and decreased for the chromium-doped oxide relative to the undoped oxide. The effects of doping were manifested most clearly however by the amount of oxygen-containing species adsorbed on the oxide surface rather than by variations in the nickel(III) peak intensity. Lithium-doped oxides were also shown to reduce more readily than undoped or chromium-doped oxides in the presence of carbon-containing impurities. The rate of reduction is influenced by the activation energy for electron transport which is related to the availability of the nickel(III) species. Supported oxides showed significant surface enhancement of nickel(II) as well as an absence of the nickel(III) species. The nickel(II) species in the supported oxide was not easily reduced to nickel(0).
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Davies, T. J., M. Biedermann, Q.-G. Chen, H. G. Emblem, and W. A. Al-Douri. "Refractory oxides containing aluminium and barium." Cerâmica 44, no. 289 (October 1998): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69131998000500005.

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Oxides containing aluminium and barium, optionally with chromium, are refractory with several possible industrial uses. A gel precursor of an oxide having the formula BaO.n(Al2xCr2yO3), where 1<n<6.6, (x+y)=1 and 0<y<0.5 was prepared by mixing a solution of a barium salt with a solution of an aluminium salt or a solution of an aluminium salt and a chromium III salt, then forming a gel which was fired to obtain the desired oxide. Filaments may be drawn as the gel is forming or extruded from a semi-rigid gel. FT-lR, XRD and 27Al NMR studies showed that barium is not incorporated directly into the gel structure. Barium aluminium oxides were obtained only after liquefaction of barium species. A powder mixture suitable for firing to an oxide of the formula BaO.m [Al2xCr2y O3] where 4.6<m<6.6, (x+y)=1 and 0<y<0.5 was prepared from source materials barium hydroxide, barium oxide, barium carbonate and barium mono-aluminate, alumina and/or a hydrated alumina and chromium III oxide, the relative amounts being varied to give the desired values of m and y on firing. A preferred oxide has the formula BaO.6Al2O3 (m=6 and y=0). Strong ceramic shapes have been prepared from this. XRD studies of oxide compositions (n or m=6 and y=0) sintered at high temperature showed that barium mono-aluminate is a low-temperature intermediate phase. Chromium III reduces the temperature required to form a barium aluminium oxide. Previously published work is summarised.
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Gac, Wojciech, Witold Zawadzki, Grzegorz Słowik, Magdalena Greluk, Justyna Pawlonka, and Andrzej Machocki. "Chromium-modified zinc oxides." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 125, no. 3 (June 18, 2016): 1205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5586-4.

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Arora, Pankaj. "Chromium Oxides and Lithiated Chromium Oxides. Promising Cathode Materials for Secondary Lithium Batteries." Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 1, no. 6 (1999): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1390702.

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JIANG, ZHI, HAIRONG ZHANG, ZHONGPENG WANG, MINGXIA CHEN, and WENFENG SHANGGUAN. "SIMULTANEOUSLY CATALYTIC REMOVAL OF NOx AND SOOT ON RARE EARTH ELEMENT OXIDE LOADED WITH POTASSIUM AND TRANSITION NANOSIZED METAL OXIDES." Nano 03, no. 04 (August 2008): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292008001088.

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The simultaneous catalytic removal of NO x and soot over the rare earth element (REE) oxide-based mixture oxides loaded with potassium and transition nanosized metal oxide (designated as M/K/REE oxide) was investigated by using temperature-programmed reaction (TPR). The influence of the type of REE oxides together with the type and amount of transitional metal oxides on the catalytic removal activity was discussed. K / Nd 2 O 3 was found to be the most active oxide among the REE oxides to simultaneous remove the NO x and soot under lean conditions. Chromium oxide was more active than the other transition metal oxides on enhancing the activity of soot oxidation of Nd 2 O 3 loaded with potassium. The optimum loading level of chromium was about 10 wt%, with ignition temperature at about 237°C and the conversion ratio NO → N 2 about 24.1%. The Mn -loading on K / Nd 2 O 3 resulted in the biggest conversion efficiency of NO to N 2 at about 30.2%. The increasing catalytic reaction of NO x–soot activities is attributed to the formation of complex crystalline phase in the catalyst together with the improving contacting between catalysts and soot.
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Shaporova, E. A., A. A. Zhukova, A. K. Baev, and A. Yu Sidorenko. "Acid-basic properties of chromium(III) oxide surface." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series 57, no. 3 (September 5, 2021): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-3-270-277.

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The article is devoted to the study of the nature and number of acid-base centers on the surface of chromium(III) oxide obtained by precipitation from an aqueous nitrate solution. The curve of the distribution of the number of acidbase centers of the samples is plotted depending on the indicator of the ionization constant of indicators. It was determined that the main Lewis centers make the main contribution to the acidity of the samples; there are also Bronsted centers of different acidity. A comparative analysis of the structural features of the surface of oxides of chromium, zinc and binary systems Cr (III)–Zn (II) was carried out according to the results of X-ray phase analysis of oxides and thermolysis of the corresponding hydroxides. Based on this, the possibility of obtaining nanosized catalysts based on oxide-hydroxide systems of chromium with a number of 3d-metals obtained in the process of polynuclear hydroxocomplexation is predicted.
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CROSBIE, G. M., G. J. TENNENHOUSE, R. P. TISCHER, and H. S. WROBLOWA. "Electronically Conducting Doped Chromium Oxides." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 67, no. 7 (October 4, 2006): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1984.tb19642.x.

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Zachariasz, R., D. Bochenek, and B. Bruś. "Internal Friction In The PFN Ceramics With Chromium Dopand." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 1773–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0302.

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Abstract An aim of this work was to determine an influence of an admixture, the chromium (for x from 0.01 to 0.06), on the mechanical properties of the PFN ceramics. The ceramics with chemical composition Pb(Fe0.5−xCrxNb0.5)O3 was synthesized in two steps from simple oxides PbO, Fe2O3, Nb2O5, Cr2O3. The first stage was based on obtaining the FeNbO4 from the Fe2O3 and Nb2O5 simple oxides. At this stage an admixture in a form the Cr2O3 chromium oxide was added to the solution. In the second stage the PbO lead oxide and the doped FeNbO4 (obtained earlier) were synthetized. The sintering of ceramic samples PFCN type was carried out by free sintering method. Temperature measurements of the internal friction were conducted on a computer-controlled automatic resonant mechanical spectrometer (heating cycle with 3 deg/min).
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Rebak, Raul B., Michael Larsen, and Young-Jin Kim. "Characterization of oxides formed on iron-chromium-aluminum alloy in simulated light water reactor environments." Corrosion Reviews 35, no. 3 (August 28, 2017): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2017-0011.

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AbstractTo avoid accidents like that in Fukushima, the US Department of Energy is engaged with a nuclear fuel vendor to evaluate the performance of iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl) alloys such as advanced powder metallurgy tubing (APMT) as accident-tolerant material for uranium dioxide fuel cladding in light water reactors (LWR). It was important to characterize the oxides formed on APMT under both boiling water reactor (BWR) and pressurized water reactor (PWR) environments for a better understanding of its environmental sustainability in LWRs. Coupons of APMT were exposed for 1 year to both hydrogenated and oxygenated high-purity water at 288°C (e.g. simulated BWR water chemistry without Pt injection) and hydrogenated high-purity water at 330°C (e.g. simulated primary PWR water chemistry without Li/B addition). Results show that after 1-year immersion, APMT always developed a chromium-rich protective oxide film on its surface. In oxygen-containing environments, the oxide consisted of a dual layer, an external thicker layer containing mostly iron oxides and a thinner internal layer rich in chromium oxide. In hydrogen environments, only a single oxide layer formed, consisting of chromium oxide. This is a similar finding as for type 304 and 316 stainless steels and for nickel-based alloy 600, which is extensively reported in the literature. General corrosion of APMT alloys under LWR operating conditions would not be a limiting factor for its performance as cladding material.
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Arora, Pankaj, Dong Zhang, Branko N. Popov, and Ralph E. White. "ChemInform Abstract: Chromium Oxides and Lithiated Chromium Oxides. Promising Cathode Materials for Secondary Lithium Batteries." ChemInform 30, no. 7 (June 17, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199907012.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CHROMIUM OXIDES"

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Nadler, Jason Hayes. "The hydrogen reduction of iron and chromium oxides." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19410.

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Ali, Iqbal 1948. "THE SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF CHROMIUM OXIDES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276486.

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A detailed study has been carried out to investigate the dissolution characteristics of unstabilized and stabilized CrO₂ particles. It has been found that on contact of CrO₂ with aqueous solutions, it dissolves by disproportionation reaction to HCrO₄ and Cr2O₃. XPS study has shown that stabilization of CrO₂ particles with bisulfite solution leads to the formation of Cr2O₃. However, because of agglomeration of the CrO₂ particles due to their magnetic properties, not all of the surface is completely stabilized. The electrokinetic characteristics of Cr(IV) and Cr(III) oxides in aqueous solutions have been investigated. Experiments suggest that sulfite ions chemisorb strongly on Cr₂O₃ particles. Experiments have also been carried out to study the adsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on Cr₂O₃ particles. With increasing SDS concentration, Cr₂O₃ becomes less positively charged and ultimately negatively charged when the surfactant concentration exceeds 10⁻³ M. This suggests that SDS specifically adsorbs onto the oxide.
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McIntosh, Monique Sandra. "Mechanisms and Factors Affecting Chromium Oxide Particle reduction in Iron-Chromium Honeycombs." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6934.

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In the production of iron chromium honeycombs, iron oxide and chromium oxide mixtures are reduced by hydrogen at elevated temperatures to produce a metallic alloy. The complete reduction of the iron oxide occurs prior to the reduction of the chromium oxide. The reduction of the chromium oxide particles within the iron matrix is affected by factors that include the diffusion of the reduced chromium away from the chromium oxide particle into the iron matrix, the diffusion of the gaseous reactants and products to and from the chromium oxide particles, and the porosity of the iron matrix, which changes as a result of sintering. The type of heat-treatment used, (isothermal or non-isothermal, i.e., holding at a specific temperature versus using a steadily increasing temperature) plays a vital role in how these factors will affect chromium oxide reduction. Experimental data were used in conjunction with sintering and dissolution models to obtain an understanding of the environment in which the chromium oxide particles reduce as a function of heat-treatment. This understanding will assist in the development of more effective processing steps for the reduction of metallic honeycombs from oxide mixtures.
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Hillan, Marguerita Charlotte. "Investigations into steel substrate surface composition and the assessment of Cr. (VI) electrodeposit characteristics." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365054.

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Rowley, Adrian. "Computer simulation of oxides." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298405.

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Lei, Yun School of Chemical Engineering &amp Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "Novel Fe2O3-Cr2O3 catalyst for high temperature water gas shift reaction." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23321.

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The thesis is focused on the study of high temperature water gas shift catalysis, the identification of new improved catalysts and the study of the kinetics and mechanism of reaction over these catalysts. Rh-promoted Fe2O3-Cr2O3 was found to offer best performance which was significantly better than unpromoted catalyst over wide temperatures range. An extensive literature survey is first reported. Guidelines to develop new WGS catalysts are developed. As a result, the activities of precious metals supported on various oxides for high temperature WGS reaction have been tested. Rh(1wt%) doped Fe2O3/Cr2O3, exhibits the highest activity for WGS over a wide temperature range. 5wt%CuO/Fe2O3-Cr2O3, 1wt%Pt/Cr2O3, 1wt%Pt/Fe2O3-Cr2O3, 1wt%Pt/U3O8, 1wt%Pt/10%U3O8-Al2O3 and 1wt%Pt/5%V2O5-TiO2 fall into the second most active catalysts group, with an improved activity compared to commercial Fe2O3-Cr2O3 catalyst. It is clear that both the support/catalyst and the promoter can affect the efficiency of the WGS, leading to the obvious inference that the reaction rate is controlled at the promoter ??? support interface. Further kinetic studies and characterisation (TPR, TPD, pulse-adsorption (reaction)) on Rh/Fe3O4/Cr2O3 have been conducted. The study, conducted under conditions without inhibition from products of both forward and backward reactions, shows that the overall reaction rate expression is described as: 2 22 ??? =0.0041exp(???4042.6 ) 0.64 0.5 ???0.024 exp(???6022.9 ) 0.46 0.73 CO CO H O CO H r PP P P T T . Kinetics studies carried out under fuel reforming gas compositions shows that reaction rate expression changed when the temperature of reaction varied. The reaction rate equations at temperatures of 573K, 623K and 673K are derived as: 573K: 2 2 2 - 2.84 10-6 0.6 0.12 - 9.08 10-7 0.09 0.52 rCO = ?? PCO PH O ?? PCO PH 623K: 2 2 2 - 1.45 10-6 0.99 0.40 - 7.12 10-7 0.11 0.73 rCO = ?? PCO PH O ?? PCO PH 673K: -6 2 2 2 - = 4.37 ?? 10 0.86 0.41 -1.83 ??10-6 0.28 0.66 rCO PCO PH O PCO PH , The apparent activation energy was 61.7??2.5 kJmol-1 . TPR, TPD, TPO characterisation studies and reoxidation of catalysts by CO2 or H2O show that the active site for high temperature WGS reaction on Rh/Fe2O3/Cr2O3 is reduced magnetite Fe3O4 which dissociatively breaks down the H2O to form H* and OH* and adsorbs CO2. The deposited metal, Rh, acts as a promoter by facilitating the uptake of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO), desorption of H2 (at high temperature) and CO2.
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Davies, G. H. "Adsorption and reaction of hydrogen cyanide on mixed copper and chromium oxides." Thesis, University of Bath, 1985. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290991.

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The adsorption and interaction of HCN has been studied on (a) copper oxides on crystalline chromia, (b) mixtures of chromium (III) oxide and copper oxides on silica, and (c) mixtures of Cr(VI)O3 and CuO on silica. The adsorption and reaction of both HCN and C2N2 on Cr(VI)O3/SiO2 has also been studied. The work has involved gravimetric studies with a vacuum microbalance, infra-red spectroscopy of adsorbed species, and mass spectroscopic analysis of products. HCN contact at 293 K with both CuO/a-Cr2O3 and CuO-Cr2O3/SiO2 samples led to the slow release of cyanogen. The cyanogen reaction was shown to be occurring on the copper ions of the surface accompanied by reduction to cuprous hydroxide. Some HCN adsorption also occurred on this surface and on the chromia part of the surface without oxidation to cyanogen. On heating, some HCN was desorbed intact but most was oxidised to CO2 with some retention of nitrogen compounds on the surface. The infra-red work indicated that on the copper oxide part of the surface this oxidation occurred via an isocyanate, NCO, intermediate. On the chromia part of the surface HCN adsorption produced an amide species which decomposed to CO2 and N2. Pre-reduction of the surface suppressed cyanogen formation upon HCN adsorption, although considerable oxidation still occurred on heating. On Cr(VI)O3/Aerosil both HCN and C2N2 formed surface amides. On heating, there was some decomposition to CO2 and N2, as with Cr (III) oxide, but also in some cases sublimation of oxamide. With Cr(VI)O3-Cu(II)O/Aerosil, much less gaseous C2N2 was produced from HCN than on Cr2O3/CuO/Silica. This suggests that cyanogen was being preferentially adsorbed on the Cr(VI)O3. The results show the importance of the oxidation states of Cu and Cr in determining the surface reactions of HCN.
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Luxton, Todd Peter. "Oxyanion Adsorption by Iron and Ruthenium Oxides: A Macroscopic, Spectroscopic, and Kinetic Investigation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28394.

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The adsorption and desorption behavior of trace element contaminants was evaluated solids-goethite and ruthenium oxide. The importance of anion displacement as a mechanism responsible for arsenic release from iron oxides was investigated on goethite. The adsorption and polymerization of silicate on goethite was examined as a function of surface concentration determine the influence of adsorbed silicate monomers and polymers on arsenite adsorption desorption. A kinetic model was employed to describe arsenite adsorption and desorption absence and presence of silicate. The potential environmental impacts of the research discussed. Hydrous and crystalline ruthenium oxides were extensively characterized traditional colloidal surface characterization techniques, dissolution experiments, and macro- spectroscopic experiments. The two ruthenium oxide phases exhibited large specific areas, a high density of reactive surface functional groups and the presence of multiple oxidation states in both solids. Enhanced dissolution of hydrous ruthenium oxide occurred presence of oxalate and ascorbate. While enhanced dissolution of the crystalline phase only in the presence of oxalate at pH 3. Results from the dissolution experiments were develop possible mechanisms for the oxalate and ascorbate promoted dissolution of ruthenium oxides. Macroscopic adsorption studies of arsenate adsorption on both ruthenium oxides examined over a broad pH (3-10) and initial solution concentration range (0.01 to Results from the adsorption studies indicate arsenate forms a stable surface complex with ruthenium oxide phases. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and Pressurejump relaxation studies indicates arsenate is specifically adsorbed the ruthenium oxide Chromate adsorption on ruthenium oxides was investigated as a function of pH and chromate solution concentration. Macroscopic adsorption studies and zeta measurements suggest chromate forms an inner-sphere surface complex with both oxide X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy data indicates chromate (Cr(VI)) is reduced chromium (Cr(III)) on the ruthenium oxide surface. Modeling of the first Cr shell indicated two oxygen backscattering distances similar to the Cr-O atomic distances reported for coordinated to Cr(VI) and Cr(III) providing additional evidence for Cr(VI) reduction.
Ph. D.
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Chan, Chun Man. "Transmission electron microscopy study of growth of oxide film in nanoparticles of Cr and Fe /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?PHYS%202003%20CHAN.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-59). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Dong, Pengli. "Measurements of the thermodynamic activities of chromium and vanadium oxides in CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9940.

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In the present work, the thermodynamic activities of chromium and vanadium oxide in CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slags were measured using gas-slag equilibration technique. The slag was equilibrated with a gas mixture of CO, CO2 and Ar gases enabling well-defined oxygen partial pressures in the gas mixture (PO2=10-3,10-4,10-5 Pa) at temperatures 1803, 1823K, 1873, 1923 K. The slags were kept in Pt crucibles during the equilibration and the duration of which was 20 h. From a knowledge of the thermodynamic activity of chromium and vanadium in Cr or V in Pt alloy, obtained from literature, and the oxygen partial pressure in the gas stream calculated by Thermo Calc software, the thermodynamic activity of chromium, vanadium oxide in the slags could be observed.An assessment of the experimental studies in earlier works reveal that, the activities of chromium at low chromium contents and vanadium in their respective alloys in platinum exhibits a strong negative deviation from ideality, the logarithms of activity coefficient of these elements were found to increase with increasing mole fractions of these metals in the Pt-alloys.Regarding the slag phase, all the chromium in the slags was assumed to be present in the divalent state in view of the low Cr contents and the low oxygen potentials employed in the present studies. Analogously, vanadium in the slag was assumed to be in the trivalent state in view of the low vanadium contents in the slag and the low oxygen partial pressure in the gas phase. Activity of chromium oxide, CrO decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing content of chromium oxide in slag and oxygen partial pressure in the gas phase. Activity of vanadium oxide, VO1.5 in slag phase shows a negative deviation from ideality. Activity coefficient of vanadium oxide shows a decrease with basicity of slag and the “break point” occurs at about slag basicity of 1 under the oxygen partial pressure of 10-3 Pa and temperature of 1873 K.A relationship for estimating the actual content of chromium, vanadium in slag as a function of activities of chromium or vanadium, temperature, oxygen partial pressure and slag basicity were developed from the present results, the agreement between the estimated and experimental values is satisfactory, especially at lower oxygen partial pressure.

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Books on the topic "CHROMIUM OXIDES"

1

DellaCorte, Christopher. Evaluation of advanced solid lubricant coatings for foil air bearings operating at 25 and 500⁰C. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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DellaCorte, Christopher. Evaluation of advanced solid lubricant coatings for foil air bearings operating at 25 and 500⁰C. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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DellaCorte, Christopher. Evaluation of advanced solid lubricant coatings for foil air bearings operating at 25 and 500⁰C. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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DellaCorte, Christopher. The evaluation of a modified chrome oxide based high temperature solid lubricant - coating for foil gas bearing. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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The World Market for Iron and Non-Alloy Steel Flat-Rolled Products Plated or Coated with Chromium Oxides or Chromium and Chromium Oxides and At Least 600 mm Wide: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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Parker, Philip M. The World Market for Iron and Non-Alloy Steel Flat-Rolled Products Plated or Coated with Chromium Oxides or Chromium and Chromium Oxides and At Least 600 mm Wide: A 2007 Global Trade Perspective. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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Parker, Philip M. The 2007 Import and Export Market for Chromium Oxides and Hydroxides in China. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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Parker, Philip M. The World Market for Chromium Oxides and Hydroxides: A 2007 Global Trade Perspective. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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The World Market for Chromium Oxides and Hydroxides: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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Group, Research. The 2000 World Market Forecasts for Imported Zinc, Chromium, Manganese and Iron Oxides. Icon Group International, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "CHROMIUM OXIDES"

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Durand, B., J. M. Paris, E. C. Behrman, A. Huang, and A. Wold. "Divalent Metal Chromium(III) Oxides (Chromites)." In Inorganic Syntheses, 50–53. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132517.ch15.

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Bleuzen, A., P. Barbotix, F. Garcia, and J. Livage. "Synthesis of Chromium Oxides from Aqueous Solutions." In Thermodynamic Modeling and Materials Data Engineering, 321–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72207-3_33.

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Flügge-Hamann, Uta, and Wolfgang Calmano. "Immobilization of toxic chromium compounds in soils with iron-oxides." In Contaminated Soil ’95, 1205–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0421-0_76.

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Stokłosa, Andrzej, and Stefan S. Kurek. "Chromium-Doped Magnetite – (Fe1−x Cr x )3±δO4." In Structure and Concentration of Point Defects in Selected Spinels and Simple Oxides, 97–107. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003106166-6.

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Fischel, J. S., M. H. Fischel, and D. L. Sparks. "Advances in Understanding Reactivity of Manganese Oxides with Arsenic and Chromium in Environmental Systems." In ACS Symposium Series, 1–27. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2015-1197.ch001.

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Gutiérrez, Juliana, Gabriel Plascencia, Antonio Romero, Fidel Reyes, and Isaac Arellano. "Rate of Reduction of Chromium Oxides in a Slag by FeSi and FeMgSi Ferroalloys." In Defect and Diffusion Forum, 288–93. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-36-1.288.

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Liu, Yingjia, Kangli Wang, and Jeffrey W. Fergus. "Effect of Chromium Doping on the Crystal Structure, Electrical Conductivity and Thermal Expansion of Manganese Cobalt Spinel Oxides." In Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, 125–29. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118095249.ch11.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Hydrated Chromium Oxide." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 374. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_6093.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Chromium Oxide Green." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 144. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_2377.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Chromium Oxide, Hydrated." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 144. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_2378.

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Conference papers on the topic "CHROMIUM OXIDES"

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Stanoi, Daniela, Gabriel Socol, Carmen Ristoscu, Ion N. Mihailescu, Beatrice Bastide, Odile Monnereau, and Laurence Tortet. "Pulsed laser deposition of chromium oxides for applications in spintronics." In 12th International School on Quantum Electronics Laser Physics and Applications, edited by Peter A. Atanasov, Alexander A. Serafetinides, and Ivan N. Kolev. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.519513.

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Novak, Mark D., and Carlos G. Levi. "Oxidation and Volatilization of Silicide Coatings for Refractory Niobium Alloys." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42908.

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Degradation mechanisms relevant to hypersonic environments have been investigated for silicide-coated niobium alloys. To assess the suitability of silicide coatings for possible leading edge, scramjet combustor, and vehicle acreage applications, tests were conducted over a range of oxygen and water vapor partial pressures. X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the composition of oxide phases. Chemical compositions of both the coatings and resulting oxides have been examined using energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Partial pressures of oxygen and water vapor have been found to influence the oxide composition, which may include silica, chromia, iron niobate, and chromium niobate phases. The formation of volatile oxide and hydroxide species also affects oxidation behavior and coating performance. Thermodynamic models of oxidation and volatilization are used to interpret experimental results.
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Kruizenga, Alan, and Darryn Fleming. "Materials Corrosion Concerns for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Heat Exchangers." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26061.

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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (S-CO2) is an efficient and flexible working fluid for power production. Research to interface S-CO2 systems with nuclear, thermal solar, and fossil energy sources are currently underway. To proceed, we must address concerns regarding high temperature compatibility of materials and compatibility between significantly different heat transfer fluids. Dry, pure S-CO2 is thought to be relatively inert [1], while ppm levels of water and oxygen result in formation of a protective chromia layer and iron oxide [2]. Thin oxides are favorable as diffusion barriers, and for their minimal impact on heat transfer. Chromia, however, is soluble in molten salt systems (nitrate, chloride, and fluoride based salts) [3–8]. Fluoride anion based systems required the development of the alloy INOR-8 (Hastelloy N, base nickel, 17%Mo) [9] to ensure that chromium diffusion is minimized, thereby maximizing the life of containment vessels. This paper reviews the thermodynamic and kinetic considerations for promising, industrially available materials for both salt and S-CO2 systems.
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Stanoi, Carmen-Daniela, Gabriel Socol, Carmen Ristoscu, Emanuel Axente, D. Caiteanu, Ion N. Mihailescu, Cristiana E. Grigorescu, et al. "Pulsed laser deposition of chromium oxides thin films: chemical stabilizations by capping and doping." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Valentin I. Vlad. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.582915.

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Hilerio, I., and M. A. Barron. "Effect of Pre Oxidation on the Sliding Wear of Multi-Component Ferrous Alloys." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81963.

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Presence oxides on sliding surfaces can greatly influence friction and wear. Oxides have been usually considered as a friction and wear reducing agent acting as a solid lubricant. Effects of pre-oxidation, carried out at different temperatures, on the tribological behaviour of a high-speed steel and a high chromium white cast iron sliding against a ceramic material have been studied in this work. Wear was evaluated through a new methodology, which calculates the volume of removed material from topography data of the worn surface. Wear mechanisms were determined by scanning electron microscopy analysis. Results showed a large difference between wear rate of the studied materials. High speed steel had a much lower wear than high chromium white cast iron. However pre-oxidation did not cause any meaningful influence on the tribological behaviour of both material, at least in the conditions evaluated in this work.
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Depiak, A., and I. Wierzba. "The Catalytic Oxidation of Heated Lean Homogeneously Premixed Gaseous-Fuel Air Streams." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/cae-29065.

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Results are presented of an experimental laboratory investigation of the oxidation reactions of heated low velocity streams of homogeneous lean fuel-air mixtures within a packed bed tubular reactor at atmospheric pressure in the presence of non-noble metal oxides catalysts. The main fuel considered was methane, however, other common gaseous fuels, i.e. propane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and ethylene were also examined for comparative purposes. It was shown that binary cobalt oxide/chromium oxide catalysts can be effective in the oxidation of very lean fuel-air mixtures. Furthermore, there is an optimum value of their mass ratio that could produce a significant improvement to the low temperature oxidation of the lean mixtures examined and the corresponding resulting emissions.
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Helgason, Örn. "57Fe- and 119Sn-Mössbauer Studies of Tin Doped Chromium Iron Oxides of Composition α-Cr2−xFexO3." In INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF THE MOSSBAUER EFFECT: International Symposium on the Industrial Applications of the Mossbauer Effect. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1923656.

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Wright, J. V., and J. R. Leader. "The Effects of Gas Velocity and of Temperature on the Oxidative Response of Selected Sheet Superalloys." In ASME 1988 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/88-gt-281.

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The ability of a range of sheet alloys to withstand oxidation has been assesed under static furnace conditions and under dynamic conditions. It was established that alloys showing considerable promise in the static environment degraded more rapidly during the dynamic burner rig test so that rankings were changed dramatically. Chromium depletion as a result of volatilisation of oxide species was believed to be responsible. A testing programme was instituted to study the effects of gas velocity and of temperature on oxide stability in Nimonic alloy 86, Haynes alloy 188 and Hastelloy X. Although the compositions of the alloys and hence of the oxides were complex, reduction in the Cr2O3 content of the oxide layer was observed following high velocity gas stream exposure when temperatures were as low as 750°C. A theory is proposed relating the response of the three alloys to the composition of each of the principal spinels.
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Zhirenkina, Nina V., Maxim A. Mashkovtsev, Nikolay V. Obabkov, Yulia D. Kurasova, Egor V. Gordeev, Evgenie O. Baksheev, and Artem O. Vereshchagin. "The effect of precipitation conditions and calcination temperature on the properties of particles of chromium hydroxides and oxides." In PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATION (PTI-2019): Proceedings of the VI International Young Researchers’ Conference. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5134229.

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Dent, A. H., A. J. Horlock, D. G. McCartney, and S. J. Harris. "The Structure and Properties of Two Fe-Cr-B-Based Coatings Sprayed Using HVOF." In ITSC 1997, edited by C. C. Berndt. ASM International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1997p0917.

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Abstract Two boron-rich Fe/Cr based gas atomised powders (Armacor M and Armacor C) have been thermally sprayed using the HVOF process and the resultant deposits subsequently characterised, using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), plan view transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and microhardness measurements. The wear and corrosion characteristics of the two alloy coatings have also been investigated by three body abrasive wear (utilising cross-sectional TEM to examine the worn surfaces) and potentiodynamic corrosion testing respectively. Results from microstructural analysis of the as-sprayed deposits revealed the presence of small chromium-iron boride precipitates within a predominantly amorphous matrix in the Fe-based Armacor M coating. The Fe-Cr-based Armacor C coating, however, consisted mainly of regions of nano- and microcrystalline material interspersed with chromium boride precipitation. Iron-chromium oxides have been observed within both of the alloy coatings studied. Both of these alloys exhibit good abrasive wear resistance when compared with other metallic based HVOF sprayed coatings. Both Armacor M and Armacor C also exhibit extensive passivation on exposure to an acidic solution. The wear and corrosion test results are related to the microstructural observations.
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Reports on the topic "CHROMIUM OXIDES"

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Green, Patrick. The chemistry of chromium (VI) and chromium (V) oxide fluorides. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5923.

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Hao Gan, Xiaodong Lu, Andrew C. Buechele, M. Catherine Paul, and Ian L. Pegg. Corrosion of Chromium-Rich Oxide Refractories in Molten Waste Glasses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793355.

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Fergus, Jeffrey W. Chromium Vapor Sensor for Monitoring Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1566829.

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Swisher, J., W. Cho, and W. Qiu. Thermal healing of defects in oxide scales on iron-chromium alloys. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7126820.

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McKimpson, M. G., A. N. Niemi, and D. S. Gelles. Processing of two iron-chromium oxide dispersion strengthened steels by mechanical alloying. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6428230.

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S.E. Ziemniak and E.P. Opalka. Phase Stability of Chromium(III) Oxide Hydroxide in Alkaline Sodium Phosphate Solutions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/821873.

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Vojtech, O., J. Sussmilch, and Z. Urbanec. The effect of chromium oxide on the properties of simulated nuclear waste glasses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/211652.

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Qian, Y. T., R. Kershaw, K. Dwight, and A. Wold. Preparation and Characterization of Chromium(III) Oxide Films by a Novel Spray Pyrolysis Method. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada231271.

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Gopalan, Srikanth. Mitigation of Chromium Impurity Effects and Degradation in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: The Roles of Reactive Transport and Thermodynamics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1526237.

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Farmer, Joseph, Bassem El-dasher, James Ferreira, Magdalena Serrano de Caro, and Akihiko Kimura. Coolant Compatibility Studies for Fusion and Fusion-Fission Hybrid Reactor Concepts: Corrosion of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Iron-Chromium Steels and Tantalum in High Temperature Molten Fluoride Salts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1126766.

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