Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chromatographie d’exclusion de taille'
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Dejaeger, Karlien. "Disinfection by-product formation during drinking water chlorination : identifying organic matter precursors and associated hazards." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSMRE/2024/2024ULILR066.pdf.
Full textDisinfection by-products (DBPs) form when dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water reacts with disinfectants, leading to regulated compounds such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). However, unregulated DBPs like iodinated THMs/HAAs, and nitrogenous DBPs, such as haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloacetamides (HAMs), pose higher health risks, as studies with Chinese Hamster Ovary cells have shown. To control DBP formation in tap water, researchers focus on identifying DBP precursors by fractionating DOM using resins or membranes, though results vary widely. In this thesis, a meta-analysis compares the reactivity of DOM fractions towards (un)regulated DBPs. The meta-analysis reveals that hydrophobic compounds exhibit 10-20% higher reactivity to both THM and HAA formation compared to hydrophilic compounds in waters with high specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254nm (SUVA254 >2). In waters with low SUVA254, both hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds have equal reactivity. However, hydrophilic compounds are 20-80% more reactive towards unregulated DBPs. Neither chlorination time nor dose alters this reactivity ratio, but an increase in column capacity factor does. Additionally, dead-end ultrafiltration membranes may not always separate fractions sharply, leading to inconsistent results for DBP formation across groups. To address this, a novel membrane fractionation method was developed. This method was first validated using a size exclusion chromatographic approach (HPSEC) to ensure reliability, considering key factors such as detection limits (19.0µgC dm-3) and the importance of preserving samples for a maximum of two weeks at 4°C. Inorganic carbon removal was achieved by acidifying the sample to pH 6 and purging it with N2. The HPSEC-TOC method proved reliable for DOM fraction analysis in both treated and untreated water sources. Using this method, DOM was separated into three molecular weight (MW) fractions: high (>20kDa), medium (0.3-20kDa), and low (<0.3kDa). A mathematical tool was developed to optimize the protocol and predict the diafiltration factor for each fraction, ensuring consistent results. The method was applied to surface water across three seasons, yielding a fraction up to 50% high MW compounds, a fraction over 80% medium MW compounds, and a fraction containing only low MW compounds. Chlorination and chloramination tests (24h, 1mgCl2 L-1 residual) on these fractions assessed the formation of THMs, HAAs, HANs, HAMs, and nitrosamines. Results showed that the medium MW fraction had the highest overall reactivity. However, the low MW fraction was highly reactive toward di-iodinated THMs, and its reactivity increased with increasing chlorine atoms in the HAA, HAN, and HAM families. The high MW fraction showed the lowest reactivity towards most DBPs, except iodoacetic acid and chloroacetonitrile. Fluorescence spectroscopy further revealed that DBP precursors' chemical properties vary by fraction and disinfection method, suggesting complex reaction mechanisms. A site-specific strategy is recommended to identify the most concerning DBPs, considering both their toxicity and concentration. Finally, the thesis explores the impact of reactive oxygen species on inflammation and oxidative stress pathways induced by HAAs and HAMs. In human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells, lethal concentrations ranged from 12µM for iodoacetamide and iodoacetic acid to 47mM for dichloroacetamide. Primary intestinal epithelial cells from donors with colorectal cancer, Crohn's disease, and healthy controls were also exposed to HAAs and HAMs. HAAs triggered oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in cells adjacent to cancerous tissue, while HAMs induced these effects across all cell types. These findings suggest a potential link between DBP exposure and inflammatory bowel disease development, although further validation through RNA sequencing is needed
Degoulet, Christophe. "Taille et forme de macromolecules en solutions diluees : apport de la chromatographie d'exclusion sterique." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066542.
Full textBreitenstein, Johann. "Application de la chromatographie d'exclusion stérique multi-détection à l'étude de la spéciation de la matière organique dissoute en milieu estuarien et côtier Measuring dissolved organic matter in estuarine and marine waters: size-exclusion chromatography with various detection methods, in Environmental Chemistry 15(7), October 2018." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0074.
Full textDissolved organic matter (DOM) is one of the most important vector of carbon to the ocean.However, DOM is deeply altered during its transit through estuarine waters and its residence time in Coastal waters. The purpose of this thesis is to bring new insights on the DOM composition, role in biogeochemical cycles during land-sea transfer and fate in Coastal areas. DOM analysis was performed with a global and semi-specific tool: size-exclusion chromatography multi-detection (SEC-mDEC), which allow the separation of DOM into six size fractions of different nature. Dynamics of these compounds are studied seasonally in the Aulne estuary and the bay of Brest. The coupling between SEC-mDEC and 3D fluorescence was studied in the estuary.Initially design for freshwater analysis, the adapted SEC-mDEC for estuarine and marine water analyses permitted the demonstration that DOM is involved in several biogeochemical processes. In the Aulne estuary, DOM tracks the contribution of both riverine and marine sources. Substantial changes are made to the DOM by microorganisms and flocculation processes upstream. In the Bay of Brest, ail fractions enable to design a reactivity continuum from the bacterial degradation of the phytoplanktonic bloom.Results demonstrate that the single use of the global dissolved organic carbon is not enough to constrain DOM dynamic in the land-sea continuum
Barakat, Fatima. "Développement de méthodes analytiques pour l’analyse d’oligonucléotides thérapeutiques bio-conjugués à des lipides." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0292.
Full textAntisense oligonucleotides (ASO) have the ability to inhibit or modulate the expression of a target gene by various mechanisms. Bioconjugation of ASO with a lipid is a very promising approach which has shown an improvement in the delivery of the antisense sequence and therefore, in the therapeutic efficacy of the oligonucleotide. These new therapeutic agents, lipid oligonucleotides (LON), are amphiphilic molecules and are able to self-assemble to form supramolecular objects. Their pharmaceutical development requires suitable analytical methods to study the purity of the LONs synthesized and to be able to quantify them in the formulations but also to characterize the supramolecular assemblies formed.In this work, different methods were investigated in ion-pairing reversed-phase HPLC and hydrophilic interaction chromatography, capillary electrophoresis (CE) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) for LON analysis with various chemical structures. Despite the different parameters studied, the asymmetry of the peaks obtained by HPLC limits its use for assays. On the other hand, a quantitative method has been developed and validated in CE in the presence of cyclodextrins (CD). The complexation constant between free LON and CDs as well as the electrophoretic mobility of the complex were determined. Finally, the potential of SEC and CE for the characterization of supramolecular objects of LON was assessed
Rebiere, Jérémy. "Nouvelle méthodologie pour la caractérisation de distributions de masses molaires d'échantillons cellulosiques complexes." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0017/document.
Full textCellulose is a very abundant natural biopolymer. According to its origin and to its extraction mode, it presents various cristallinity rate and molar mass. Its organization relies mainly on intermolecular hydrogen bonds that form a strong network and thus limitating cellulose solubility. Complete andnon-degradative dissolution is then complicated and depends on the solvent ability to disrupt these hydrogen bonds. Analysis of the molar mass distribution (MMD) of cellulose by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) of cellulose is consequently problematic while the study of the evolution of cellulose molar mass during transformations could be extremely useful in many processes. The most common solvent used in SEC is lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc), which is extremely toxic. The aim of this PhD study is then to develop a new analytical method to characterize cellulose MMD using safer solvents and adapted to all kinds of cellulosic sample. Among the numerous non-derivatizing solvent systems described in the literature, three of themhave been selected. Greener and less toxic than LiCl/DMAc, their ability to dissolve cellulosic sample of various cristallinity and average molar mass without degradation was then tested. Thermogravimetric analyses and viscosimetric studies allowed to evaluate and to compare the modifications involved by the dissolution for four different cellulosic samples. LiCl/DMAc degraded the samples of higher molar mass (-cellulose and Vitacel) decreasing their degree ofpolymerization by 50 % after dissolution. Tetrabutylammonium/dimethylsulfoxide (TBAF/DMSO) system allows rapid dissolution of the 4 cellulose samples, without major degradation or modification. TBAF/DMSO system was then studied as solvent for SEC analysis of these cellulose samples. Due to the interactions between the aromatic groups composing the stationary phase with TBAF molecules, the complete system could not be used as eluant. Chosen eluant was then DMSO alone. However, as the TBAF molecules are mandatory for the dissolution of cellulose, TBAF concentration was adapted according to the cellulose nature for the preparation of the samples. For low molar mass cellulose samples, a TBAF concentration of 1 %(w/v) was sufficient and allowed to performed correctly the chromatographic analysis. For the samples of higher molar mass, this concentration was not high enough to complete the dissolution. Using, higher concentrations caused aggregation phenomena resulting in the elution of a large amount of the macromolecules in the dead volume, as observed with the analysis of pullulan standards
Schmitt, Charlène Eva. "Caractérisation de polyacrylamide de hautes masses molaires par fractionnement couplage flux force couplée à la diffusion de la lumière." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3039.
Full textOne method for optimizing the production of hydrocarbon is based on the injection of water, viscosified by the addition of polymers such as polyacrylamides, in order to enhance the oil extraction (EOR). The viscosifying properties of polymers depend on their molecular masses. The aim of this thesis was therefore to develop new methods for determining wide molecular mass distributions and high dispersity, which are specific characteristics of samples of industrial interest in the oil sector. The analytical strategy used is based on size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and flow field flow fractionation (A4F), coupled to light scattering and refractometer. Model polymers were synthesized by a polymerization process by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT/MADIX). This allowed to obtain polymers in a range of molar masses between 103 and 107 g / mol and with a dispersity lower than 1.4. Through the use of these polymers, the capabilities and limitations of the two separation methods invested were evaluated. The A4F operating conditions were determined and this method has proved to be adapted to the analysis of industrial polymers distributed over 3 decades of molecular masses. Beyond the dimensional analysis, A4F-based coupling also allowed conformational analysis
Zoonens, Manuela. "Caractérisation des complexes formés entre le domaine transmembranaire de la protéine OMPA et des polymères amphiphiles, les amphipols : application à l'étude structurale des protéines membranaires par RMN à haute résolution." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066415.
Full textMichodjehoun-Mestres, Laetitia. "Etude des composés phénoliques de la pomme cajou (Anacardium occidentale L. )." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20053.
Full textThe phenolic compounds [monomeric phenols and proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins)] from epidermis and flesh of cashew apple, false fruit of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L. ), were studied in four mature gentypes (2 clones from Brazil and 2 varieties from Bénin). Phenolic compounds were extracted with acetone/water (60:40). Monomeric phenols were analysed by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS and condensed tannins were characterized by acid degradation with presence of phloroglucinol and size-exclusion chromatography coupled to light scattering and differential refractometry detectors (HPSEC/MALS/DRI). Monomeric phenols are qualitatively identical in the four genotypes and epidermis seem richer than fleshes. Anthocyanidin glycosides are only present in skins of red and orange pigmented apples, for variety PARAKOU ROUGE (2. 72mg/100 g unpeeled apple) and clone CCP 76 (0. 06 mg/100 g). They are peonidin, petunidin, and cyanidin hexosides. Skins seem richer in condensed tannins (in average 650 mg/100 g for 150 mg/100 g in fleshes). They are prodelphinidins (85%) and all constitutive monomers are in 2,3-cis configuration. The level of galloylation in fleshes (40%) was twice than the skin one (20%) whatever the genotype. The weigth-average molecular weight (Mw) of proanthocyanidins was measured by HPSEC/MALS/DRI: skin and flesh condensed tannins from clone CCP 76 had molecular masses of 13000 ± 760 g/mol and 55000 ± 10200 g/mol
Belot, Vincent. "Accès à une bibliothèque ciblée de n-aryl-thiazoline-2-thiones pour l'établissement d'une nouvelle échelle de taille de substituants usuels." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0408.
Full textA steric scale of 20 recurrent groups was established from comparison of rotational barriers on N-(o-substituted-aryl)-thiazoline-2-thione atropisomers. The resulting energy of activation ΔG≠rot reflects the spatial requirement of the ortho substituent borne by the aryl moiety, electronic aspects and external parameters (temperature and solvent) generating negligible contributions. Concerning divergent rankings reported in literature, the great sensitivity of this model allowed to show unambiguously that a methyl appears bigger than a chlorine, and gave the following order in size: CN > OMe > OH. For the very bulky CF3 and iPr groups, constraints in the ground state decreased the expected ΔG≠rot values resulting in a minimization of their apparent sizes
Belot, Vincent. "Accès à une bibliothèque ciblée de n-aryl-thiazoline-2-thiones pour l'établissement d'une nouvelle échelle de taille de substituants usuels." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0408/document.
Full textA steric scale of 20 recurrent groups was established from comparison of rotational barriers on N-(o-substituted-aryl)-thiazoline-2-thione atropisomers. The resulting energy of activation ΔG≠rot reflects the spatial requirement of the ortho substituent borne by the aryl moiety, electronic aspects and external parameters (temperature and solvent) generating negligible contributions. Concerning divergent rankings reported in literature, the great sensitivity of this model allowed to show unambiguously that a methyl appears bigger than a chlorine, and gave the following order in size: CN > OMe > OH. For the very bulky CF3 and iPr groups, constraints in the ground state decreased the expected ΔG≠rot values resulting in a minimization of their apparent sizes
Benghalem, Mohammed Amine. "Interactions entre morphologies, acidités et diffusion dans les zéolithes beta : éléments de réponse par spectroscopie infrarouge, réactions modèles et chromatographie à flux inversés." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2295/document.
Full textIn order to study the impact of the size and morphology of zeolite crystals on the textural, chemical and diffusion properties, a series of beta zeolites was studied.The logical increase of the porous surfaces and volumes with the decrease in crystal size is observed. In addition, this also implies a decrease in the overall acidity as well as strength of the adsorption sites. However, understanding the complex acidity of these materials requires advanced characterization techniques.The adsorption of probe molecules (pyridine, CO, ethylene) followed by infrared as well as ammonia thermodesorption were correlated to model reactions of ethanol conversion and n-hexane cracking. In this case, the morphology of the crystals has little influence and performance is mainly dictated by the Brønsted sites. The presence of extra-framework aluminums makes it possible to exalt the acid strength of the protonic sites. With the transformation of ethanol, better activities and stabilities are observed in the case of hierarchical zeolites.The study of diffusion by the reversed-flow gas chromatography (RF-IGC) showed that if the diffusion coefficients increase as opposed to crystal size, the secondary porosity reduces the diffusion path. Moreover, the weak sites predominantly present on the hierarchized materials facilitate the desorption of the molecules and are involved in the lateral interactions measured by RF-IGC.This work thus provides elements of response to the stability and the complex catalytic behaviors observed on the beta zeolite
Maria, Aoun. "Development of Analytical methods for the evaluation of the impact of phosphate fertilizer industry on marine environment." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3033.
Full textDevelopment of Analytical methods for the evaluation of the impact of phosphate fertilizer industry on marine environment
Kolitcheff, Svetan. "Approche multitechnique des phénomènes de diffusion en hydrotraitement de distillats." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1033/document.
Full textThe catalytic cracking has an important role in fuels production from heavy oil cuts like vacuum gas oil (VGO). To optimize these processes, a pre-hydrotreatment is required. The amount of work dealt by the research community in the last years has highly contributed to the enhancement of the catalyst’s activity. Therefore, the internal mass transfer can become the limiting step and it must be quantified.A methodology based on inverse liquid chromatography has been developed to characterize the mass transfer within alumina catalyst supports. The experimental setup was also used to study the influence of several parameters into mass transfer properties such as, adsorption, temperature, and active phase precursors. In mesoporous aluminas, the diffusion regime undertaken by saturated compounds, going from gasoline to VGO is the molecular regime. For different alumina supports, tortuosity values were estimated and correlated to the textural properties (porosity, specific surface area and pore size distribution). These results showed that the aluminas can not be considered as homogeneous supports given the estimated mass transfer properties. Thus, we assume that a hierarchical porous structure might be in cause. A catalytic test promoted in a stirred reactor was also developed to study the mass transfer properties under reactive conditions. The impact of the particle grains size into the hydrodesulphurization of a synthetized molecule was characterized and modeled. A good agreement was found between the data obtained using the inverse chromatography experiments and the catalytic tests
Barakat, Hala. "Effet de la stérilisation par électrons accélérés sur les COC et sur l'impact des interactions avec des molécules actives." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA114802/document.
Full textThe aim of this work was to study the effect of electron beam radio-sterilization on cyclo olefins copolymers (COC) used as pharmaceutical storage materials, as well as to investigate its impact on the interaction with pharmaceuticals formulations. Due to the analytical methodology used which dealt with different techniques of characterization such as size exclusion chromatography, reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements, we have been able to put into evidence different kinds of modifications both in the bulk and on the surface of the sterilized material and also after ageing.The principal modification of material’s bulk, observed at the recommended dose for sterilization (25 kGy), was polymer chains scissions, accompanied with creation of low molecular weight compounds, that are potentials migrants that risk to affect the safe use of COC. Indeed, some of these compounds have been found with a relatively important concentration in the solutions where sterilized COC was stored, especially in aqueous solutions. However, the preliminary study of toxicity has shown the absence of cytotoxicity of the extractables obtained at the sterilization dose.Surface modifications of radio-sterilized COC are of two types: a physical one, with an increase of the surface’s roughness and a chemical one with the formation of polar oxidation products; these two modifications result in an increase of surface’s wettability that may be important. However, in some cases such as for aged samples, these modifications are relatively weak even at doses higher than the one recommended for sterilization, which can explain the absence of the effect of radiation on the behavior of COC towards drug solutions. Indeed, no variation of drug sorption has been observed between aged COC irradiated and none irradiated
Herranz-Lancho, Coral. "Synthesis and characterization of molecules for electronic devices." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAE037.
Full textThe demand of downscaling of technology will reach its limit at the atomic length scale. This claim creates the necessity of investigating the smallest components suitable to become devices, single molecules or group of atoms. Therefore, 1,4-bis(pyridin-4-ylethynyl) benzene (BPEB), Dibenzo[a,h]thianthrene (DBTH) and Bis{82,92,152,162,222,232-hexa-(2,4,6-trifluorophenoxy)[g,l,q]-5,10,15,20-tetraazaporphyrino)}[b,e]-benzene (H4Pc2) have been designed, synthesized and characterized to investigate transport of charge through molecules and surface confined molecular switching. Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM), such as STM, nc-AFM and combined STM/AFM were used to study the molecules on near-surface conditions. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were used to interpret the experimental results. Moreover, the self-assembly of new fluorinated metalo mono-phthalocyanines, MPc (M= Mg2+, 2H+, Co2+) was investigated in solution.Firstly, conductance experiments performed while a molecular wire (BPEB) was being lifted up from a surface revealed the conformational changes associated to the transport of electrons through molecules. Secondly, the “butterfly” flapping motion in the class of the thianthrenes was blocked due to the interaction with a surface at low temperature. This block leads to the first stereochemical study of a quiral thianthere derivative (DBTH). The STM experiments on DBTH revealed a reproducible and non-destructive switching between two surface confined configurations of DBTH. In addition, nc-AFM with submolecular resolution has been proved to be a powerful tool for the full characterization and distinction of configurational and constitutional isomers on surfaces. Thirdly, the molecular structure of a binuclear phthalocyanine (H4Pc2) was confirmed through constant current STM and constant high _f AFM experiments. These results set the state of future spintronic transport experiments (ongoing work). On the other hand, the aggregation studies on MPc revealed that the coordination character of the central atom of the Pc cavity has an important effect on the formation of aggregates. Additionally, electrochemical experiments demonstrated that molecular aggregations can lead to the quenching of the electrochemical-active nature of a Co2+ atom.Herein it has been demonstrated that SPM are suitable techniques to study the conformational and configurational changes associated with the tunneling of electrons through planar and non-planar molecules in real space. Aggregation studies of magnetic switches were carried out to better understand the supramolecular organization under near surface conditions, a key point for the design of future devices based on the bottom up approach
Maknun, Luluil. "Development of mass spectrometric analytical methods for the determination of iron complexes in plants and bacteria and for the determination of cobalt using bimetallic nanoparticles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PAUU3039.
Full textThe research focuses on an analytical method development using chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for the analysis of low molecular weight iron complexes. In the second part, the study explores the utilization of bimetallic nanoparticles for Co2+ detection.In the first part, a method using liquid chromatography with two detector mass spectrometry, i.e., electrospray high-resolution accurate mass (HRAM) mass spectrometry (MS) and inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), was developed for the analysis of low molecular weight iron (Fe) complexes, called ‘siderophores'. The complexity of the samples, their low concentrations, and the lability of the iron complexe were challenges in the development of methods for their identification and quantification. For the sample clean-up, solid phase extraction (SPE) using acidic conditions was developed to purify the samples, followed by evaporation to dryness. The individual 56Fe-siderophore complexes were identified by fast size-exclusion chromatography (FastSEC) - Orbitrap MSn based on the exact molecular mass (+ 1 ppm) and MS2. Their capability of exchanging the natural 56Fe with the spiked 58Fe was demonstrated by SEC with ICP-MS and ESI-MS detection. The method was applied to the analysis of peat collected in the Eastern part of the French Pyrenean mountains. Nineteen siderophores belonging to four different classes were presumptively identified and quantified. The results were compared with ICP-MS detection of iron and matching of the sum of the moles of iron complexes determined by the isotopic- ESI-MS within each peak as eluted from the fastSEC column.In the second part, a method using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the single particle mode and the conventional mode coupled to a flow field flow fractionation was developed to select suitable conditions for the synthesis of Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles and to monitor the colorimetric changes due to aggregations. Ag-Au BNPs, synthesized by using citrate reduction of Ag and Au ions, were used as sensors for the detection of Co2+. To better understand the colorimetric sensing of Co2+ using the Ag-Au BNPs, various mixtures were studied, viz. (i) only Ag-Au BNPs; (ii) Ag-Au BNPs with thiosulfate; (iii) Ag-Au BNPs with thiosulfate and ethylenediamine; and (iv) Ag-Au BNPs with thiosulfate, Co2+ and ethylenediamine. SP-ICP-MS was used to determine the core size, size distribution, and number concentration, as well as the heterogeneity of the particles synthesized by using various citrate concentrations and metal ratios. Fl-FFF-ICP-MS was also used to observe the hydrodynamic size and the Ag: Au signal intensity ratio of the BNPs to support information obtained from the SP-ICP-MS. The combination of the proposed techniques has been applied to monitor the reaction during colorimetric sensing. Additional information from fractograms provided by Fl-FFF-ICP-MS was also useful for the understanding of the aggregation of BNPs arising from the [Co(II)(en)3]2+ complex surrounding the surface of the BNPs. Furthermore, when compared to colorimetric sensing, the limit of detection for Co2+ ion, using the BNPs and SP-ICP-MS, were 20-fold lower, decreasing from ppb to ppt levels
Gerard, Francine. "Caractérisations biophysiques et structurales du complexe de réplication des Rhabdoviridae." Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343710.
Full textL'analyse biophysique montre que P RV & VSV existent sous forme de dimère allongé en solution. L'analyse bioinformatique a révélé une organisation modulaire, confirmé par des études biochimiques et biophysiques de mutants de P RV. La structure du domaine C-terminal de P VSV a été résolue par RMN et montre une homologie celle du C-ter de P RV. La caractérisation de l'interaction entre P et les anneaux N-ARN a révélé l'existence de deux types de complexes N-ARN-P (contenant un et 2 dimères de P par anneau). L'étude par ME des complexes nucléocapsides-P a permis de mettre en évidence un changement de conformation important.
Pour devenir accessible à L, l'ARN viral doit se dissocier localement de N. L'interaction N-ARN-P représente potentiellement une nouvelle cible pour le développement d'antiviraux.