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Journal articles on the topic 'Christmas Island'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

STEPHENSON, STEVEN L. "Assemblages of myxomycetes on subantarctic Macquarie Island and tropical Christmas Island." Phytotaxa 464, no. 1 (October 14, 2020): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.464.1.3.

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Christmas Island and Macquarie Island are two isolated islands of essentially the same size but providing very different environmental conditions for myxomycetes. The former is located in the tropics and the latter in the subantarctic. Surveys for myxomycetes carried out on Christmas Island in 2017 and Macquarie Island in 1995 yielded a total of 85 species. These data were published in two previous papers, but these papers did not consider the biogeographical distribution of all of the myxomycetes recorded from the two islands. Christmas Island and Macquarie Island share only nine species in common. Two of the 26 species recorded from Macquarie Island and one of the 68 species recorded Christmas Island were new to science.

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2

Tungay, John. "Christmas island, 1957." Medicine and War 3, no. 1 (January 1987): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07488008708408740.

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3

Chan, Ying-kit. "Who, or What, is Lost: Singapore’s Impressions of Christmas Island, c. 1960–1990." MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities 25, no. 1 (June 9, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-24030009.

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Abstract Although Singapore no longer governs Christmas Island, either on behalf of its British colonial administrators or for itself, some Singaporeans continue to regard it as a lost territory and have false impressions that it once belonged and should again belong to Singapore. By examining this complexity related to Christmas Island and its possible implications for Singapore’s national psyche, this paper surveys the newspapers of Singapore and oral history records of Singaporean ministers and officials for accounts of Christmas Island. It suggests that Singaporean newspapers’ portrayal of Christmas Island as a neglected Australian overseas territory contributed to some Singaporeans’ perception that Christmas Island might actually be better off with Singapore; others even had a misconception of Christmas Island as a lost territory. Such opinions have never really dissipated because the government has never publicly clarified the transfer of Christmas Island and rejected claims about its “sale” to Australia.

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4

Wettenhall, Roger. "Decolonizing through integration: Australia’s off-shore island territories." Island Studies Journal 11, no. 2 (2016): 715–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.376.

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Australia’s three small off-shore island territories – Norfolk Island in the Pacific Ocean and Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Group in the Indian Ocean – can be seen as monuments to 19th century British-style colonization, though their early paths to development took very different courses. Their transition to the status of external territories of the Australian Commonwealth in the 20th century – early in the case of Norfolk and later in the cases of Christmas and Cocos – put them on a common path in which serious tensions emerged between local populations which sought autonomous governance and the Commonwealth government which wanted to impose governmental systems similar to those applying to mainstream Australians. This article explores the issues involved, and seeks to relate the governmental history of the three island territories to the exploration of island jurisdictions developed in island studies research.

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5

Turner, Lucy M., J. Paul Hallas, Michael J. Smith, and Stephen Morris. "Phylogeography of the Christmas Island blue crab,Discoplax celeste(Decapoda: Gecarcinidae) on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93, no. 3 (May 25, 2012): 703–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315412000598.

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The land crab,Discoplax celeste(Gecarcinidae) is endemic to Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. Due to a freshwater-dependant life history, in which the megalopae migrate from the ocean up freshwater streams to their adult terrestrial/freshwater habitat,D. celesteinhabits only a few isolated locations on the island. This restricted distribution is one of a number of factors which has previously highlighted the vulnerability of this species to outside threats. A number of anthropogenic factors including the introduction of multiple invasive species and habitat destruction have led to drastic ecosystem change on Christmas Island. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the restricted geographical distributions ofD. celestepopulations contribute to significant genetic structuring across Christmas Island, with an objective to inform future conservation strategies for this species on Christmas Island. Fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene and the control region were sequenced from 95 individuals collected from all five locations on Christmas Island known to be inhabited byD. celeste. Analyses using analysis of molecular variance revealed no evidence of population sub-structuring, indicating that despite any geographical isolation, there is a single population ofD. celesteon Christmas Island. This lack of population differentiation is probably explained by the oceanic dispersal of larvae, rather than terrestrial migration ofD. celeste. Therefore, based on these results, for conservation purposes,D. celesteon Christmas Island can be considered a single management unit.

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6

Smithers, CN. "Psocoptera (Insecta) of Christmas Island." Invertebrate Systematics 9, no. 3 (1995): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9950529.

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The first species of Psocoptera from Christmas Island are recorded. There are 33 species, including two new genera and ten new species. The fauna of the island is of Indonesian affinity. A key to the species is provided.

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7

HOBBS, JEAN-PAUL A., ANTHONY M. AYLING, J. HOWARD CHOAT, JUSTIN J. GILLIGAN, CHRISTIAN A. MCDONALD, JOSEPH NEILSON, and STEPHEN J. NEWMAN. "New records of marine fishes illustrate the biogeographic importance of Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Zootaxa 2422, no. 1 (April 9, 2010): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2422.1.6.

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Christmas Island is situated in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean on a biogeographic border where Indian and Pacific Ocean faunas meet. Detailed field studies in 2004, 2007 and 2008, of the island’s fish fauna revealed 30 new records from 15 families. For six families (Dasyatidae, Chanidae, Bramidae, Mugilidae, Siganidae, Molidae) this is the first time a species has been recorded at Christmas Island. Many of the newly recorded fishes appear to have recently colonised the island, and establishing populations will be dependent on the availability of suitable habitat and conspecific mates. These new records illustrate that Christmas Island is important for range expansion because it serves as a critical stepping-stone in the dispersal of Pacific Ocean species into the Indian Ocean and vice versa. Contact between Indian and Pacific Ocean sister species has also resulted in hybridisation at Christmas Island.

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8

Saegusa, Asako. "Japan looking forward to Christmas Island." Nature 395, no. 6701 (October 1998): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/26562.

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9

Thomas, Oldfield. "On the Mammals of Christmas Island." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 56, no. 1 (August 20, 2009): 532–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1888.tb06728.x.

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10

Boulenger, G. A. "On the Reptiles of Christmas Island." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 56, no. 1 (August 20, 2009): 534–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1888.tb06729.x.

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11

Gahan, C. J. "On the Coleoptera. of Christmas Island." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 56, no. 1 (August 20, 2009): 538–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1888.tb06731.x.

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12

Butler, A. G. "On the Lepidoptcra of Christmas Island." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 56, no. 1 (August 20, 2009): 542–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1888.tb06732.x.

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13

Stürchler, D. "Arrivals and “gifts” for Christmas Island." Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 20 (November 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2017.11.008.

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14

Gilbert, Anne, John F. Prior, Janeen Bennett, Erna Lim, and Wendy N. Erber. "Hemoglobinopathies in the Christmas Island Population." Hemoglobin 28, no. 4 (January 2004): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/hem-200037749.

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15

GILL, ANTHONY C., JOHN J. POGONOSKI, GLENN I. MOORE, and JEFFREY W. JOHNSON. "Review of Australian species of Plectranthias Bleeker and Selenanthias Tanaka (Teleostei: Serranidae: Anthiadinae), with descriptions of four new species." Zootaxa 4918, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 1–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4918.1.1.

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Australian species of the anthiadine genera Plectranthias and Selenanthias are reviewed. Twenty-two species of Plectranthias and two species of Selenanthias are recorded from Australian waters: Plectranthias sp. 1 from a seamount north of Middleton Reef and Norfolk Ridge, Tasman Sea; P. alleni Randall from off southwest Western Australia; P. azumanus (Jordan & Richardson) from off southwest Western Australia; P. bennetti Allen & Walsh from Holmes Reef, Coral Sea; P. cruentus Gill & Roberts from Lord Howe Island, and possibly off Stradbroke Island, Queensland; P. ferrugineus n. sp. from the North West Shelf and Arafura Sea; P. fourmanoiri Randall from Christmas Island and Holmes Reef, Coral Sea; P. grahami n. sp. from off central New South Wales, Tasman Sea; P. inermis Randall from Christmas Island; P. japonicus (Steindachner) from the Arafura Sea and North West Shelf; P. kamii Randall from the Coral Sea, Lord Howe Island and Christmas Island; P. lasti Randall & Hoese from the North West Shelf and off Marion Reef, Queensland; P. longimanus (Weber) from the Timor Sea, Great Barrier Reef, Coral Sea and southern Queensland; P. maculicauda (Regan) from southeastern Australia; P. mcgroutheri n. sp. from the North West Shelf; P. megalophthalmus Fourmanoir & Randall from northeast of the Whitsunday Islands, Queensland; P. melanesius Randall from southeastern Queensland and a seamount north of Middleton Reef; P. moretonensis n. sp. from off Stradbroke Island, Queensland; P. nanus Randall from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Christmas Island, Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea; P. retrofasciatus Fourmanoir & Randall from the Great Barrier Reef; P. robertsi Randall & Hoese from off Queensland, Coral Sea; P. winniensis (Tyler) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea; Selenanthias analis Tanaka from the North West Shelf and Arafura Sea; and S. barroi (Fourmanoir) from west of Lihou Reef, Coral Sea. Five of the species represent new records for Australia: P. azumanus, P. kamii, P. megalophthalmus, P. melanesius and S. barroi. Previous records of P. megalophthalmus from the North West Shelf are based on misidentified specimens of P. lasti. Records of P. wheeleri from the North West Shelf are based on specimens here identified as P. mcgroutheri n. sp. A record of P. yamakawai Yoshino from Christmas Island is based on a misidentified specimen of P. kamii. Plectranthias retrofasciatus was previously recorded from the Great Barrier Reef as P. pallidus Randall & Hoese, here shown to be a junior synonym of P. retrofasciatus. Video-based records of P. kelloggi from the Great Barrier Reef appear to be based on P. retrofasciatus. Identification keys, diagnoses, character summaries, photographs and Australian distribution information are presented for all species. Full descriptions are provided for the new species and for those newly recorded from Australia.

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16

Lai, Joelle C. Y., Hsi-Te Shih, and Peter K. L. Ng. "The systematics of land crabs of the genus Gecarcoidea and recognition of a pseudocryptic species, G. humei, from the eastern Indian Ocean (Crustacea : Decapoda : Gecarcinidae)." Invertebrate Systematics 31, no. 4 (2017): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is16052.

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The gecarcinid genus Gecarcoidea H. Milne Edwards, 1837 is currently represented by two species from the Indo-West Pacific – the widely distributed purple land crab, G. lalandii H. Milne Edwards, 1837, and the red crab endemic to Christmas Island, G. natalis (Pocock, 1889). One species, G. humei (Wood-Mason, 1874), described from the Nicobar Islands, has had a confused taxonomic history, but was treated as a junior synonym of G. lalandii by Türkay (1974) in his revision of the family. In this study, using molecular as well as morphological characters, we show that G. humei is a valid species. Gecarcoidea lalandii and G. humei have distinct non-overlapping distributions throughout much of their range, with G. lalandii occurring in most of South-east Asia and the West Pacific, while G. humei is known only from the eastern Indian Ocean. On Christmas Island, in the eastern Indian Ocean, however, all three species are present. As a result, Christmas Island is the only locality where all extant species of Gecarcoidea are found. The three species can also be separated by differences in live colours and patterns, as well as proportions of the carapace, male abdomen, ambulatory legs and third maxillipeds, and details of the orbits and male first gonopods.

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17

Anagnostou, C., and C. D. Schubart. "Evidence for a single panmictic and genetically diverse population of the coconut crab Birgus latro (Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae) on Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean." Marine and Freshwater Research 68, no. 6 (2017): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16031.

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For the coconut crab Birgus latro, Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean may be one of the last retreats where populations of this declining species are not threatened by overharvesting, as on many other mostly tropical Indo-Pacific islands within the species’ wide range. Nevertheless, the population on Christmas Island has experienced severe losses during the past decade owing to habitat destruction and road mortality. To assess the population’s evolutionary potential and identify the number of conservation units, we conducted a combined morphometric and population genetic analysis using microsatellite markers. The findings suggest that the population is genetically diverse and panmictic. Neither genetic nor morphometric analyses revealed any population substructuring. There was no genetic evidence for sex-biased dispersal. Single-sample estimators for the effective population size (Ne) ranged from 492 to infinity, with very wide confidence intervals; they should therefore be viewed with caution. It would be advisable to reanalyse Ne, preferably by temporal methods. Despite mixed results, there is stronger evidence against rather than for the occurrence of a recent genetic bottleneck. So far, the population of B. latro on Christmas Island may be considered as a single conservation management unit, this way simplifying future conservation efforts taken for this magnificent species.

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18

Meek, Paul D. "The decline and current status of the Christmas Island shrew Crocidura Attentuata Trichura on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Australian Mammalogy 22, no. 1 (2000): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am00043.

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The Christmas Island shrew (Crocidura Attentuata Trichura) is listed as an endangered species an Australian legislation. The cause of decline and its current status are unknown. In 1997-98 surveys were conducted at 15 sites on Christmas Island to determine the status of Crocidura Attentuata Trichura. During 17 months, 4,150 trap nights of surveys were conducted using Longworth traps, hair tubes and pitfall maps.

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19

Stewart, Alistair. "Responding to the Plight of Species and Landscapes." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 30, no. 1 (July 2014): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aee.2014.36.

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Have you heard of the White-footed Rabbit Rat, or the Christmas Island Pipistrelle? The White-footed Rabbit Rat was thought to be widespread in south-east Australia but became extinct within 3 decades of European colonisation (Tzaros, 2005). The Christmas Island Pipistrelle, a micro bat, is probably the most recent species to become extinct in Australia (Flannery, 2012).

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20

Renvoize, S. A. "An Endemic Ischaemum (Gramineae) from Christmas Island." Kew Bulletin 40, no. 2 (1985): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4108271.

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21

GALLAGHER, M. D. "BIRD NOTES FROM CHRISTMAS ISLAND, PACIFIC OCEAN." Ibis 102, no. 4 (June 28, 2008): 489–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1960.tb07125.x.

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22

James, D. J., P. T. Green, W. F. Humphreys, and J. C. Z. Woinarski. "Endemic species of Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Records of the Western Australian Museum 34, no. 2 (2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18195/issn.0312-3162.34(2).2019.055-114.

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23

McCarthy, P. M. "The Trichotheliaceae of Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Lichenologist 33, no. 5 (September 2001): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.2001.0343.

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AbstractTwenty-six taxa of Trichotheliaceae are reported from rock, bark and leaves on Christmas Island in the north-eastern Indian Ocean. Trichothelium oceanicum P. M. McCarthy sp. nov., a common foliicolous species, is described.

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24

Turner, Lucy M., Stephen Morris, and J. Paul Hallas. "Population Structure of the Christmas Island Blue Crab, Discoplax hirtipes (Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinidae) on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Journal of Crustacean Biology 31, no. 3 (July 1, 2011): 450–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1651/10-3420.1.

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25

Andrew, Paul, Hal Cogger, Don Driscoll, Samantha Flakus, Peter Harlow, Dion Maple, Mike Misso, et al. "Somewhat saved: a captive breeding programme for two endemic Christmas Island lizard species, now extinct in the wild." Oryx 52, no. 1 (November 30, 2016): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316001071.

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AbstractAs with many islands, Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean has suffered severe biodiversity loss. Its terrestrial lizard fauna comprised five native species, of which four were endemic. These were abundant until at least the late 1970s, but four species declined rapidly thereafter and were last reported in the wild between 2009 and 2013. In response to the decline, a captive breeding programme was established in August 2009. This attempt came too late for the Christmas Island forest skink Emoia nativitatis, whose last known individual died in captivity in 2014, and for the non-endemic coastal skink Emoia atrocostata. However, two captive populations are now established for Lister's gecko Lepidodactylus listeri and the blue-tailed skink Cryptoblepharus egeriae. The conservation future for these two species is challenging: reintroduction will not be possible until the main threats are identified and controlled.

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26

Watling, Dick. "Notes on the status of Kuhl's Lorikeet Vini kuhlii in the Northern Line Islands, Kiribati." Bird Conservation International 5, no. 4 (December 1995): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900001192.

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SummaryKuhl's Lorikeet Vini kuhlii has a precarious status reflected by its disjunct distribution in the Pacific, with surviving populations in the Northern Line (Kiribati) and Austral Islands (French Polynesia) some 3,000 km apart, possibly as a result of Polynesian trade in red feathers. The species is extinct in the southern Cook Islands. On Rimatara (Austral Islands), where it is believed indigenous, it is still common but the recent introduction of the Rattus norvegicus is of concern. In the Northern Line Islands, R. rattus appears to have all but extirpated the lorikeet on Tabuaeran (Fanning Island), but one small population has apparently survived for over 70 years, an explanation for which may guide in situ conservation of Vini lorikeets on ship-rat-infested islands elsewhere. The arid and unpredictable climate of Kiritimati (Christmas Island) may preclude the establishment of lorikeets. Only on Teraina (Washington Island), where over 1,000 V. kuhlii survive, are there no confirmed threats and good in situ conservation potential.

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27

MILDER, SHARON L., and RALPH W. SCHREIBER. "The vocalizations of the Christmas Island Warbler Acrocephalus aequinoctialis, an island endemic." Ibis 131, no. 1 (April 3, 2008): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1989.tb02749.x.

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28

Johnston, Michael, Guy McCaldin, and Andrew Rieker. "Assessing the availability of aerially delivered baits to feral cats through rainforest canopy using unmanned aircraft." Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/juvs-2016-0012.

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At least eight threatened wildlife species are at direct risk from predation by cats (Felis catus) on Christmas Island (Director of National Parks. 2014. Christmas Island biodiversity conservation plan. Canberra. Australia: Department of the Environment.). A range of strategies are now being used to manage cats across the island, including responsible ownership methods for domestic cats and lethal control tools to remove feral cats outside the township area. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were used to drop non-toxic baits through the rainforest canopy to assess whether aerial baiting could be undertaken successfully on the island. Ground crews located 88% of baits, indicating that sufficient baits would be accessible to feral cats if broad-scale aerial baiting was to be undertaken in the future.

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29

JAŁOSZYŃSKI, PAWEŁ. "First record of Cephenniini on Christmas Island, with updated checklist of world Cephennomicrus species and summary of their distribution (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)." Zootaxa 4227, no. 4 (February 6, 2017): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4227.4.9.

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The tribe Cephenniini is reported for the first time to occur on Christmas Island (external territory of the Commonwealth of Australia). Cephennomicrus lawrencei sp. n. is described and illustrated; the new species shows similarities to several Oriental and Japanese congeners, with the endophallic complex of long flagellum flanked by elongate sclerites especially similar to that of Indonesian C. fesumatranus Jałoszyński. The distribution of world Cephennomicrus species is summarized, ranging from southern and central-eastern Africa, Madagascar, Indian Ocean islands, through Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, south-eastern China and Taiwan, the Ryukyus and Tsushima Island, eastern Papua New Guinea to Australia and southern Pacific islands. An updated checklist of Cephennomicrus species is provided.

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30

Adams, PJ, AD Elliot, D. Algar, and RI Brazell. "Gastrointestinal parasites of feral cats from Christmas Island." Australian Veterinary Journal 86, no. 1-2 (January 2008): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2007.00246.x.

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31

Armfield, Nigel R., and Anthony C. Smith. "Responding to the Christmas Island health care crisis." Medical Journal of Australia 200, no. 6 (April 2014): 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja13.00262.

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32

SMITH, EDGAR A. "On the Terrestrial Mollix.;ks of Christmas Island." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 56, no. 1 (August 20, 2009): 536–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1888.tb06730.x.

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33

Roth, Louis M. "The cockroaches (Blattaria) Of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean)." Oriental Insects 34, no. 1 (January 2000): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2000.10417254.

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34

STEPHENSON, STEVEN L., and BARBARA C. STEPHENSON. "Distribution and ecology of myxomycetes on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Phytotaxa 416, no. 2 (September 10, 2019): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.416.2.2.

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A survey for myxomycetes was carried out on Christmas Island in May 2017. Specimens included those that had fruited in the field under natural conditions and those appearing in moist chamber cultures prepared with samples of dead plant material collected on the island. Fifty-nine species in 18 genera were recorded. Hemitrichia serpula was the most common species represented among field collections, whereas Arcyria cinerea, Diderma effusum, Lamproderma scintillans, Didymium squamulosum, Diderma hemisphericum and Diachea leucopodia were recorded the most often in moist chamber cultures. These new records bring the total number of species of myxomycetes known from Christmas Island to 68 species in 22 genera. The distribution and ecology of these species in relation to the various substrates available to them are discussed.

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35

Pickering, J., and C. A. Norris. "New Evidence Concerning the Extinction of The Endemic Murid Rattus macleari From Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Australian Mammalogy 19, no. 1 (1996): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am96019.

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Recently rediscovered material from the collections and archives of the Oxford University Museum throws new light on the disappearance of the endemic rat Rattus macleari from Christmas Island (Indian Ocean), thought to have gone extinct between 1898 and 1908 as a result of diseases introduced by infected individuals of R. rattus. A collection of rats made by H.E. Durham in 1901-1902 reveals that R. macleari was present on Christmas Island at this time, although in lesser numbers than had been the case when the species was described in 1887. Also present in the collection are specimens of R. rattus, together with a number of rats which exhibit a mixture of characters from both R. rattus and R. macleari. Durham's notes on blood parasites in the Christmas Island rats reveal that in 1901-1902 both R. rattus and some specimens of R. macleari were heavily infested with trypanosomes. Notes deposited in the University Museum archives by Hanitsch (1923) show that R. macleari was no longer present on Christmas Island after 1904. As a result of the authors' observations on the Durham collection and the Hanitsch manuscript, it is proposed that the extinction of R. macleari occurred between 1901 and 1904. During this period, there is evidence for extensive interspecific hybridisation between R. macleari and R. rattus. The selective pressure for such hybridisation may have been parasitisation, resulting from the introduction of trypanosome-infected individuals of R. rattus in a cargo of hay in 1899.

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36

New, TR. "The order Zoraptera (Insecta) from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean." Invertebrate Systematics 9, no. 2 (1995): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9950243.

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A new species of Zorotypus Silvestri, Z. lawrencei, sp.nov., is described from female specimens collected on Christmas Island, marking the first species of the insect order Zoraptera from an Australian territory.

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37

Krivonogov, V. P. "Ethnic processes of Chinese and Malays on Christmas Island." Siberian Journal of Anthropology 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31804/2542-1816-2020-4-1-22-39.

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38

Anderson, Sean, and Jennifer Ferng. "No Boat: Christmas Island and the Architecture of Detention." Architectural Theory Review 18, no. 2 (August 2013): 212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2013.825941.

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39

Schreiber, Ralph W., and N. Philip Ashmole. "SEA-BIRD BREEDING SEASONS ON CHRISTMAS ISLAND, PACIFIC OCEAN*." Ibis 112, no. 3 (April 3, 2008): 363–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1970.tb00113.x.

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40

Giachino, Pier Mauro. "A new Argiloborus from Christmas Island, Australia (Coleoptera: Carabidae)." Records of the Western Australian Museum 31, no. 1 (2016): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18195/issn.0312-3162.31(1).2016.056-058.

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Dennis, Simone. "Seeing Red, Tasting Blood: Sensual Citizenship on Christmas Island." Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology 10, no. 3 (September 2009): 186–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14442210903104968.

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Andrews, C. W., Edgar A. Smith, H. M. Bernard, R. Kirkpatrick, and F. C. Chapman. "On the Marine Fauna of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean)." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 69, no. 2 (August 21, 2009): 115–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1890.tb01710.x.

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ANKER, ARTHUR. "Metabetaeus Borradaile, 1899 revisited, with description of a new marine species from French Polynesia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)." Zootaxa 2552, no. 1 (July 29, 2010): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2552.1.2.

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The alpheid shrimp genus Metabetaeus was previously known from two species associated with anchialine pools and caves, M. minutus (Whitelegge, 1897) and M. lohena Banner & Banner, 1960. In the present study, a somewhat unusual, coral reef inhabiting species of Metabetaeus, M. mcphersonae n. sp., is described based on one male and three female specimens collected off Moorea, Society Islands, French Polynesia. A detailed diagnosis of Metabetaeus is provided for the first time, accommodating characters of all three species. Distribution ranges are updated for M. minutus, recorded for the first time from Sulawesi and Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean, and for M. lohena, recorded for the first time from Rapa Nui (Easter Island). A key to the species of Metabetaeus is also provided.

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Falloon, Trevor J., Kaj Hoernle, Bruce F. Schaefer, Ilya N. Bindeman, Stanley R. Hart, Dieter Garbe-Schonberg, and Robert A. Duncan. "Petrogenesis of Lava from Christmas Island, Northeast Indian Ocean: Implications for the Nature of Recycled Components in Non-Plume Intraplate Settings." Geosciences 12, no. 3 (March 3, 2022): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12030118.

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Lava samples from the Christmas Island Seamount Province (CHRISP) record an extreme range in enriched mantle (EM) type Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotope signatures. Here we report osmium isotope data obtained on four samples from the youngest, Pliocene petit-spot phase (Upper Volcanic Series, UVS; ~4.4 Ma), and four samples from the earlier, Eocene (Lower Volcanic Series, LVS; ~40 Ma) shield building phase of Christmas Island. Osmium concentrations are low (5–82 ppt) with initial Os isotopic values (187Os/188Osi) ranging from (0.1230–0.1679). Along with additional new geochemical data (major and trace elements, Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes, olivine δ18O values), we demonstrate the following: (1) The UVS is consistent with melting of shallow Indian mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) mantle enriched with both lower continental crust (LCC) and subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) components; and (2) The LVS is consistent with recycling of SCLM components related to Gondwana break-up. The SCLM component has FOZO or HIMU like characteristics. One of the LVS samples has less radiogenic Os (γOs –3.4) and provides evidence for the presence of ancient SCLM in the source. The geochemistry of the Christmas Island lava series supports the idea that continental breakup causes shallow recycling of lithospheric and lower crustal components into the ambient MORB mantle.

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RHEINDT, FRANK E., LES CHRISTIDIS, JANETTE A. NORMAN, JAMES A. EATON, KEREN R. SADANANDAN, and RICHARD SCHODDE. "Speciation in Indo-Pacific swiftlets (Aves: Apodidae): integrating molecular and phenotypic data for a new provisional taxonomy of the Collocalia esculenta complex." Zootaxa 4250, no. 5 (April 7, 2017): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4250.5.1.

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White-bellied swiftlets of the Collocalia esculenta complex constitute a radiation of colony-breeding swifts distributed throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Resolution of their taxonomy is challenging due to their morphological uniformity. To analyze the evolutionary history of this complex, we combine new biometric measurements and results from plumage assessment of museum specimens with novel as well as previously published molecular data. Together, this body of information constitutes the largest systematic dataset for white-bellied swiftlets yet compiled, drawn from 809 individuals belonging to 32 taxa for which new molecular, biometric, and/or plumage data are presented. We propose changing the classification of white-bellied swiftlets, for which two species are currently recognized, to elevate eight regional forms to species level, and we also describe two new subspecies. The ten taxa we recommend recognizing at the species level are: Collocalia linchi (Java to Lombok, Sumatran hills), C. dodgei (montane Borneo), C. natalis (Christmas Island), C. affinis (Greater Sundas, including the Thai-Malay Peninsula and Andaman–Nicobar Islands), C. marginata (Philippines), C. isonota (Philippines), C. sumbawae (west Lesser Sundas), C. neglecta (east Lesser Sundas), C. esculenta (Sulawesi, Moluccas, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands), and C. uropygialis (Vanuatu, New Caledonia). Future molecular and morphological work is needed to resolve questions of speciation and population affinities in the Philippines, Christmas Island, Wallacea and central Melanesia, and to shed light on historic diversification and patterns of gene flow in the complex.

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Shume, E. B., A. J. Mannucci, and R. Caton. "Phase and coherence analysis of VHF scintillation over Christmas Island." Annales Geophysicae 32, no. 3 (March 28, 2014): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-293-2014.

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Abstract. This short paper presents phase and coherence data from the cross-wavelet transform applied on longitudinally separated very high frequency (VHF) equatorial ionospheric scintillation observations over Christmas Island. The phase and coherence analyses were employed on a pair of scintillation observations, namely, the east-looking and west-looking VHF scintillation monitors at Christmas Island. Our analysis includes 3 years of peak season scintillation data from 2008, 2009 (low solar activity), and 2011 (moderate solar activity). In statistically significant and high spectral coherence regions of the cross-wavelet transform, scintillation observations from the east-looking monitor lead those from the west-looking monitor by about 20 to 60 (40 ± 20) min (most frequent lead times). Using several years (seasons and solar cycle) of lead (or lag) and coherence information of the cross-wavelet transform, we envisage construction of a probability model for forecasting scintillation in the nighttime equatorial ionosphere.

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Ohlsen, Daniel J., Leon R. Perrie, Lara D. Shepherd, and Michael J. Bayly. "Taxonomic status and distribution of the critically endangered Christmas Island spleenwort (Asplenium listeri, Aspleniaceae): it is not as rare as we thought." Australian Systematic Botany 27, no. 6 (2014): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb14047.

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Asplenium listeri C.Chr. has been considered endemic to Christmas Island and is one of only two fern species listed as Critically Endangered under Australia’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act. Its status as a distinct species has been questioned because of morphological similarity to the widespread A. polyodon G.Forst., which also occurs on Christmas Island. Molecular analyses revealed that A. listeri and plants attributed to A. polyodon from coastal limestone in New Caledonia and Vanuatu share the same rbcL, trnL–trnF and rps4–trnS haplotype and that other samples of A. polyodon in Australia and the south-western Pacific belong to three separate molecular lineages. One of these lineages is formed by epiphytic A. polyodon from Christmas Island and has a chloroplast haplotype closely related to that of A. listeri, differing by four mutations. The A. listeri haplotype and each of the three A. polyodon lineages are associated with morphological characters and are all worthy of recognition as separate species. Asplenium listeri is here expanded to include limestone dwelling populations in the Pacific previously assigned to A. polyodon. This greatly extends the geographic range of A. listeri, and its conservation status should be revised accordingly. Application of correct names to all species in the A. polyodon complex requires further molecular sampling throughout its geographic range and clarification of how type material relates to each of the molecular groups.

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Stephenson, S. L., Yu K. Novozhilov, and I. S. Prikhodko. "A new species of Physarum (Myxomycetes) from Christmas Island (Australia)." Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii 54, no. 2 (2020): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/nsnr/2020.54.2.397.

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A new species of Physarum (Myxomycetes), described herein as P. australiense, appeared on a sample of aerial litter in a moist chamber culture prepared as part of a survey of the myxomycetes of Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. The morphology of representative sporocarps was examined by light and scanning electron microscopy, and micrographs of relevant morphological details of sporocarps and spores are provided. The species is characterized by distinct and unique morphological features, including brownish-red lime knobs or large squamae on the surface of the single layered peridium, a limeless brittle, black stalk, a large clavate columella that attains the center of the sporotheca, and a capillitium with large white angular or rod-like nodes. The combination of these characteristics makes P. australiense a well-defined morphospecies when compared to all other species of Physarum. In addition to the morphological description, partial sequences of three genetic markers of this new species (SSU, EF1α, and COI) were obtained and submitted to GenBank. Phylogeny, based on the small ribosomal subunit gene (SSU), indicates an affinity of the new species with P. bogoriense and P. hongkongense.

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Rose, Karrie, Jessica Agius, Jane Hall, Paul Thompson, John-Sebastian Eden, Mukesh Srivastava, Brendan Tiernan, Cheryl Jenkins, and David Phalen. "Emergent multisystemic Enterococcus infection threatens endangered Christmas Island reptile populations." PLOS ONE 12, no. 7 (July 20, 2017): e0181240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181240.

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Knight, K. "CHRISTMAS ISLAND RED CRABS REMODEL LEGS FOR LONG HAUL HIKE." Journal of Experimental Biology 213, no. 10 (April 30, 2010): i—ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.045633.

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