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Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Podruchny, Carolyn. "Baptizing Novices: Ritual Moments among French Canadian Voyageurs in the Montreal Fur Trade, 1780-1821." Canadian Historical Review 83, no. 2 (June 2002): 165–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.83.2.165.

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2

Mannion, Patrick. "Empire and Emancipation: Scottish and Irish Catholics at the Atlantic Fringe, 1780–1850. S. Karly Kehoe." Canadian Historical Review 103, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 618–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.103.4.br04.

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3

Daschuk, James, and Scott MacNeil. "Pemmican Empire: Food, Trade, and the Last Bison Hunts in the North American Plains, 1780–1882 by George ColpittsPemmican Empire: Food, Trade, and the Last Bison Hunts in the North American Plains, 1780–1882. George Colpitts. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015. Pp. 303, US $90.00 cloth." Canadian Historical Review 97, no. 2 (June 2016): 279–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.97.2.br03.

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4

Wiederkehr, K. H. "Christian Samuel Wei� (1780?1856) unter dem Einfluss der romantischen Naturphilosophie und sein Briefwechsel mit H. Chr. Oersted �ber Atomistik und Dynamik." Centaurus 31, no. 1 (April 1988): 63–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0498.1988.tb00715.x.

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5

Reid, John. "Britannica or Pax Indigena?Planter Nova Scotia (1760-1782) and Competing Strategies of Pacification." Canadian Historical Review 85, no. 4 (December 2004): 669–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.85.4.669.

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6

Chappuis, Loraine. "Enquêter, baptiser, réprimer : le contrôle de la bâtardise à Genève au XVIIIe siècle (1750-1770)." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 18, no. 1 (July 1, 2014): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.1466.

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7

Kruglov, Alexey. "Commemorative and Anniversary Philosophical Medals as a Visual Aid and Philosophical Source." Philosophy. Journal of the Higher School of Economics V, no. 2 (July 11, 2021): 143–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2587-8719-2021-2-143-190.

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The paper demonstrates the significance of commemorative and anniversary philosophical medals that are seen as a special visual aid for problematic issues in the history of philosophy specification. The author puts forward the thesis that such medals can clarify the perception of philosophical doctrine and the context of philosophical doctrine consideration at a particular time. So, they greatly assist as an additional historical and philosophical source, but they can hardly be helpful with the interpretation of either various aspects of a philosophical doctrine or a particular statement of a particular philosopher. The rationale for the thesis presents the analysis of four philosophical medals: the medal commemorating the foundation of the alethophile society (1740), A. Abramsonʼs medal in honor of I. Kantʼs sixtieth anniversary (1784), A. Abramsonʼs medal for the death of I. Kant (1804), A.L. Heldʼs medals in honor of the sixtieth anniversary of G.W.F. Hegel (1830). If the first three medals contribute to a better understanding of the philosophical traits of the German Enlightenment, the reasons for appealing to Horace's words “sapere aude”, Kant's peculiarity as an Enlightenmentist, philosophical meaning of the Kantian Copernican Revolution and the transformation of the perception of the “Critique of Pure Reason” in the late 18th century, expectations regarding the fourth medal has proved misplaced. It cannot clarify the Hegelian phrase about reason as a rose on the cross of modernity and reconciliation with reality. In addition, in the course of clarifying the meaning of the four aforementioned medals, the author also turns to the commemorative medal of Chr. Wolff by J. Dassier (c. 1733), the medal for the return of Chr. Wolff to Halle by J.Chr. Koch (1740) and the medal for Kantʼs death by F.W. Loos (1804).

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8

Emsley, Clive. "Deirdre Palk, Gender, Crime and Judicial Discretion, 1780-1830." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2008): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.89.

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9

Dewar, Helen. "Canada or Guadeloupe?: French and British Perceptions of Empire, 1760–1763." Canadian Historical Review 91, no. 4 (December 2010): 637–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.91.4.637.

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10

Cartier, Michel. "Enregistrement de la population et recensements. La tradition chinoise." Articles 25, no. 1 (March 25, 2004): 13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/010199ar.

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RÉSUMÉ Le cas de la Chine est à maints égards exemplaire, car non seulement se caractérise-t-û par son ancienneté, mais il a connu au cours des siècles une expansion dans la région; on peut donc parler d'un modèle. Instrument de dénombrement administratif, les premiers « recensements » avaient pour objectif de permettre la gestion des listes de corvéables. Victimes de modifications des règlements, ces listes furent vouées à la désuétude et remplacées, lors du changement de dynastie, en 1644, par des registres fiscaux. Afin de mettre en relation les connaissances économiques — en particulier les prix du grain — et un état de la population, l'administration centrale des années 1740-1780 poussa les services de maintien de l'ordre à la production de registres nominatifs. Une autre source de connaissance comprend les généalogies, qui peuvent générer une masse d'informations. Avec quelques modifications, le modèle chinois se diffusa dans la région sinisée comprenant le Japon, le Vietnam et la Corée. Chaque cas met en valeur des similitudes et des différences par rapport au modèle, et ce en fonction de l'histoire de chaque société.

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11

Doria, Mario. "Sulla storia del toponimo Istriano Rabac." Linguistica 28, no. 1 (December 1, 1988): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.28.1.49-51.

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Il nome della nota località balneare istriana Rabac (in grafia italianeggiante Rabaz) è attestato già nel 1341 sotto la forma Rabaç, precisamente negli Statuti di Albona [Labin] (cfr. P. Kandler "L'Istria" III, 1848, pp. 14 s.). A questo Rabaç fa riscontro, nel '500, Rabaz, che incontriamo nell'Itinerario Bragadin-Lando-Morosini dell'a. 1554 (ed. M. Bertoša VHARP 17, 1972, p. 41) e nel Catastico di Fabio da Canal dell'a. 1566 (ed. D. Klein, ib. 11-12, 1966-67, pp. 16- bis, 62). Rabaz ricompare in Carlo Donadoni, a. 1719 (P. Kandler Emporio p. 96, in "Miscellanea Conti" 1861-62), in un documento dell'a. 1749 (P. Kandler cit. p. 282), nonché nel Catasto di V. Morosini IV, a. 1775-76 (ed. M. Bratulić, Trieste-Fiume 1980, pp. 349-352). Anche la cartografia veneta di fine '700 attesta la forma Rabaz, così la nota carta dell'Istria Meridionale di Giov. Valle (Venezia 1784). Rabaz ricompare nel Reperto-Bargnani dell'a. 1806' (ed. E. Apih, ACRSR 12, 1981-82, p. 219), nell "' A vviso della Commissione per la vendita dei beni dello Sta to del Litorale", Trieste 15-1-1825 (Archivio di Stato, per gentile informazione del dott. Pierpaolo Dorsi), in Carlo Combi a. 1858-59 (cfr. E. Apih cit. p. 321) ecc. Rammenteremo anche la forma Rabatz (alternante con Rabaz) in R. P. Burton Note sopra i Castellieri (Capodistria 1877) p. 35 e Rabas (nella locuzione Porto Rabas in alcune carte geografiche del 1753 e 1780, Lago-Rossit OH indici), nonché in P. Tedeschi Viaggio fantastico in Oga Magoga, 1863, su cui v. P. Blasi "Voce Giul." 1-6-1984 p. 4). Abbastanza comune anche la locuzione Porto Rabaz, soprattutto nella cartografia istriana a partire dall'a. 1620 fino al 1797 (vedi gli indici in Lago-Rossit cit.): ricorderemo fra queste la Carta Geografka del Coronelli (Venezia 1696) nonché la Carta Santini ("à Venise" ante 1780, cfr. fot. in E. Schwarzenberg Plstr. 44 s. V, f. 8-9, 1980, p. 12); fra i moderni citeremo M. Gerbini Quaderni di Fianona (Trieste 1976) p. 41 e M. Catano, "In Strada Granda" N. 27 (aprile 1986) p. 26 e qualche altro.

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12

Korchagin, V. I., L. N. Studenikina, A. V. Protasov, and R. N. Plotnikova. "Ecological and Process Aspects of Oxidative Biodegradable Films Production Based on Low Density Polyethylene." Ecology and Industry of Russia 26, no. 7 (July 6, 2022): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2022-7-15-19.

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Modifying additives impact – pro-oxidants – on low-density polyethylene oxidative degradation under short-term aging conditions in a thermostat with forced convection at 70 °C and ultraviolet irradiation with different exposures (48, 96, 144 h) was studied. It is concluded that for polyethylene films modified with stearates of metals of variable valence, under short-term aging conditions, the formation of aldehydes (1733–1740 cm-1) and carboxyl (1700 cm-1) was observed and accompanied by a sharp decrease in the intensity of absorption bands at 1465–1470 cm-1, which is specific to stretching and bending deformations of CH2 of the polyethylene polymer matrix and indicating the destruction of polymer chains. It is shown that the short-term aging of oxidatively biodegradable polyethylene affects environmental and technological problems associated with the pollutants release, including in particular, formaldehyde and other pollutants.

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13

LATİFOVA, Elvira. "The Place and Role of the Northwest Territories of Azerbaijan in the Caucasus Politics of the Ottoman State in the 1720-1730s." Bilig, no. 107 (October 30, 2023): 101–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12995/bilig.10704.

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Araştırmakta olduğumuz dönem Osmanlı Devleti’nin Kafkasya siyasetinde özel bir aşamayı oluşturmaktadır. Bu dönemde Osmanlı Devleti Kafkasya’da güçlenme konusunda Doğu’da geleneksel rakibi Safevi evleti dışında Rusya İmparatorluğu ile de mücadele etmek zorunda kaldı. Osmanlı Devleti, önceki dönemlerde olduğu gibi, 1720-1730’lu yıllarda da rakipleri ile mücadelede yerli Müslüman yönetimleri güçlendirerek onlara güvenme siyasetini sürdürdü. Söz konusu yerel yönetimler arasında Azerbaycan’ın kuzeybatısında bulunan Sahur (İlisu) Sultanlığı, Şeki Hâkimliği ve Car-Tala Cemaatlikleri bölgesel ağırlığa sahipti. Bu durumu dikkate alan Osmanlı Devleti, söz konusu bölgesel güçlerle ilişkilere özel önem vermişti. Mevcut durumda yerel yöneticiler daha çok kendi çıkarlarını koruma yönünde hareket etseler de, Osmanlı-Safevi-Rusya rekabetinde Osmanlı yönetimini kabul etmeyi tercih ediyorlardı. Bu seçimde dinî faktör önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Çalışmamızda XVIII. yüzyılın 20-30’lu yıllarında Azerbaycan’ın kuzeybatı topraklarının Osmanlı Devleti’nin Kafkasya siyasetindeki yeri ve rolü dönemin kaynaklarına istinaden ele alınmıştır.

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14

Abu El-Rub, Ziad, Eddy Bramer, Samer Al-Gharabli, and Gerrit Brem. "Impact of Char Properties and Reaction Parameters on Naphthalene Conversion in a Macro-TGA Fixed Char Bed Reactor." Catalysts 9, no. 4 (March 28, 2019): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9040307.

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Catalytic tar removal is one of the main challenges restricting the successful commercialization of biomass gasification. Hot gas cleaning using a heterogeneous catalyst is one of the methods used to remove tar. In order to economically remove tar, an efficient low-cost catalyst should be applied. Biomass char has the potential to be such a catalyst. In this work, the reactor parameters that affect the conversion of a model tar component “naphthalene” were investigated employing an in situ thermogravimetric analysis of a fixed bed of biomass char. The following reactor and catalyst parameters were investigated: bed temperature (750 to 900 °C), gas residence time in the char bed (0.4 to 2.4 s), char particle size (500 to 1700 μm), feed naphthalene concentration, feed gas composition (CO, CO2, H2O, H2, CH4, naphthalene, and N2), char properties, and char precursor. It was found that the biomass char has a high activity for naphthalene conversion. However, the catalytic performance of the biomass char was affected by the gasification reactions that consumed its carbon, and the coke deposition that reduced its activity. Furthermore, high ash and iron contents enhanced char activity. The results of this work will be used in the design of a process that uses biomass char as an auto-generated catalyst in the gasification process.

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15

Colpitts, George. "‘Animated like Us by Commercial Interests’: Commercial Ethnology and Fur Trade Descriptions in New France, 1660-1760." Canadian Historical Review 83, no. 3 (September 2002): 305–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.83.3.305.

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16

Mossoba, Magdi M., Sarah Adams, John A. G. Roach, and Mary W. Trucksess. "Analysis of IHchothecene Mycotoxins in Contaminated Grains by Gas Chromatography/Matrix Isolation/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 79, no. 5 (September 1, 1996): 1116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/79.5.1116.

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Abstract Gas chromatography/matrix isolation/Fourier transform infrared (GC/MI/FTIR) spectroscopy and GC/mass spectrometry (MS) were used to confirm the identities of trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of trichothecene mycotoxins in naturally contaminated grains. Infrared spectral bands observed in the fingerprint region were unique for 10 trichothecene standards. Characteristic absorption bands were observed for the ester (near 1750 cm-1) and ketone (near 1700 cm-1) carbonyl stretching vibrations, the acetate CH3 symmetric bend (1370 cm-1), the epoxide ring (1262 cm-1), the trimethylsilyl CH3 in-plane deformation (1253 cm-1), the ester (O)C-O asymmetric stretching vibration (near 1244 cm-1), and several other bands including intense features due to the TMS function. Infrared bands observed under cryogenic matrix isolation conditions were compared with those found at room temperature in a potassium bromide matrix for 5 of these standards. Identities of deoxynivalenol (DON) from barley and mixed feed, nivalenol from wheat and barley, and DON and fusarenon-x from sweet corn were confirmed by comparison of their infrared spectral bands with those of standards. The identity of DON in the same test samples of sweet corn was confirmed further by GC/MS. GC/MS was also used to quantitate the levels of DON (67-455 ppm) in sweet corn test samples.

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17

Welwei, Karl-Wilhelm. "Das Problem der Ethnogenese im antiken Griechenland." Balcanica, no. 42 (2011): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1142007w.

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Sprachwissenschaftliche Untersuchungen lassen darauf schlie?en, dass die historischen Dialekte der alten Hellenen erst auf griechischem Boden um und nach 1000 v. Chr. entstanden sind. Bei den fr?hen Zuwanderern kann es sich nur um kleinere Verb?nde gehandelt haben, so da? zweifelllos keine gro?en ?St?mme? nach Griechenland vorgedrungen sind, wie man in der ?lteren Forschung angenommen hat. In Griechenland haben die Zuwanderer die Suffixe -ss und -nth oder -nd nicht erst kennengelernt, sondern zumindest zum Teil schon mitgebracht und vermutlich im 3. Jahrtausend v. Chr. die allm?hliche Entwicklung des sp?teren Griechischen eingeleitet. Impulse f?r die Entwicklung der materiellen Kultur gingen um 1700 v. Chr. von Kreta aus und beeinflussten in starkem Ma?e die mykenische Zeit mit ihren Palastsystemen, deren Zusammenbruch um 1200 v. Chr. aber nicht schon zum Ende der mykenischen Kultur f?hrte, wenn auch die Linear B-Schrift nicht mehr benutzt wurde und die Infrastrukturen der Machtzentren zusammenbrachen. Dies war zugleich die Voraussetzung f?r die Bildung kleinerer Siedlungen mit neuen F?hrungssystemen und Sozialstrukturen sowie mit einem jeweils eigenen Identit?tsbewu?tsein.

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18

Guengant, Jean-Yves. "Les Élus (Amis) de Sully, 1783-1944." Chroniques d'histoire maçonnique N° 72, no. 2 (July 15, 2013): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/chm.072.0027.

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19

Cordner, Michael. "English Drama 1660-1700 by Derek Hughes." Comparative Drama 32, no. 2 (1998): 291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cdr.1998.0023.

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20

Loo, Tina. "Who Controls the Hunt? First Nations, Treaty Rights, and Wildlife Conservation in Ontario, 1783–1939." Canadian Historical Review 100, no. 1 (February 26, 2019): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.100.1.br04.

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21

Devaux, M. F., P. Robert, A. Qannari, M. Safar, and E. Vigneau. "Canonical Correlation Analysis of Mid- and Near-Infrared Oil Spectra." Applied Spectroscopy 47, no. 7 (July 1993): 1024–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702934415435.

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A mathematical procedure based on Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) was used in order to assign the wavelengths of the near-infrared spectra through knowledge of the mid-infrared spectra. The relevance of the treatment was tested on commercial oils that mainly differ in their level of unsaturation. Initially, two separated Principal Component Analyses (PCAs) were performed on the near- and mid-infrared data to overcome the high intercorrelations across the wavelengths. CCA was then applied to the resulting principal components. Near- and mid-infrared canonical variates were assessed so that they achieved maximum correlation. The procedure makes it possible to draw CCA spectral patterns that exhibit significant positive and negative peaks. The first near-infrared canonical variate was highly correlated with the first mid-infrared canonical variate ( r2 = 0.97). The corresponding near- and mid-infrared CCA spectral patterns were therefore given the same interpretation. The mid-infrared pattern opposed negative peaks characteristic of CH2 groups to the positive peaks of CH3 and =CH groups. Consequently, in the near-infrared pattern, the positive peaks at 1708, 2140, 2170, and 2480 nm were assigned to CH3 or =CH groups, and the negative peaks at 2304, 2344, and 2445 nm were assigned to CH2 groups. A more precise interpretation was obtained by comparing the wavelengths observed to theoretical values and to previous assignments.

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22

Jones, Joseph R. "Theatre in Spain, 1490-1700 by Melveena McKendrick." Comparative Drama 25, no. 3 (1991): 295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cdr.1991.0018.

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23

Gannon, Susan R. "In Search of the New Child: 1730-1830." Children's Literature 25, no. 1 (1997): 262–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0541.

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24

Teleaga, Emilian, Dorin Sârbu, Mihai Constantinecu, and Ștefana Stoica. "Neue archäologische Untersuchungen der hallstattzeitlichen Nekropole in Bârseşti." CaieteARA. Arhitectură. Restaurare. Arheologie, no. 6 (2015): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47950/caieteara.2015.6.01.

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Die Wiederaufnahme der archäologischen Untersuchungen der hallstattzeitlichen Hügelnekropole in Bârseşti ermöglicht sowohl die Auswertung der unpublizierten Ausgrabungen als auch die akribische Dokumentation eines Tumulus’. Die Arbeit umreißt den Forschungsstand, beschreibt die Paläogeographie der Region und stellt die zwei Monteoru-Gräber des Keramikstils Ic2 (2000-1750 v. Chr.) dar. Weiterhin wird die Bauart des neu ausgegrabenen Hügelgrabes 32 beschrieben und eine Typologie der Hügelbauarten in Bârseşti durchgeführt. Die C14-Daten dreier hallstattzeitlicher Bestattungen lassen das Ende der Nekropole in der Mitte des 6. Jhs. v. Chr. vermuten. Die anthropologischen Untersuchungen der Leichenbrandreste erwachsene Individuen, die bei einer Temperatur von 800-1000º C verbrannt wurden. Die Einschätzung der verwendeten Energie für die Errichtung des Hügelgrabes 32 weist darauf hin, daß es von einem kleinen Familienverband erbaut worden sein könnte.

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25

Pinares-Patiño, C. S., G. C. Waghorn, A. Machmüller, B. Vlaming, G. Molano, A. Cavanagh, and H. Clark. "Methane emissions and digestive physiology of non-lactating dairy cows fed pasture forage." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 87, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 601–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas06023.

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The objective of this study was to identify intake and digestion characteristic(s) responsible for variation in methane (CH4) emissions from non-lactating cows fed pasture forage. Nine Friesian × Jersey cows ranked low, medium or high CH4 emitters [group means 15.3, 19.2 and 24.8 g kg-1 dry matter intake (DMI), respectively; P = 0.015] were selected from a herd of 302 lactating cows. The selected cows were dried-off, rumen-fistulated, and fed indoors on fresh pasture forage at 0700 and 1700. Voluntary feed intake (VFI), feeding behaviour and intake rates (IR) were measured over 5 d. Feed allowance was reduced to 90% of VFI for measurement of CH4 emissions and rumen fermentation and digestion kinetics parameters. Although some variation in CH4 yield remained among the animals (26.4 ± 3.6 g kg-1 DMI), the previous ranking of cows during lactation was no longer evident during this study (P = 0.41). The change in CH4 yields may have resulted from lower feed intakes of lower quality pasture compared with grazing. Regression analysis showed that absolute CH4 emission (g d-1) was best described by DMI and rumen acetate concentration (ACE) before the PM feeding (ACE 1700) (R2 = 0.88), whereas CH4 yield (g kg-1DMI) was mainly a function of ACE 1700 h alone (R2 = 0.84). We suggest that large animal-to-animal variations in CH4 yield are most likely associated with high intakes and concomitant effects of salivation and rumen digestion and passage. Key words: Methane, animal variation, feed intake, rumen digestion, dairy cows, pasture

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26

Beaulieu, Alain. "“An equitable right to be compensated”: The Dispossession of the Aboriginal Peoples of Quebec and the Emergence of a New Legal Rationale (1760–1860)." Canadian Historical Review 94, no. 1 (March 2013): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.1060.

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27

Babu, V. R. Sarath, S. Patra, M. S. Thakur, N. G. Karanth, and M. C. Varadaraj. "Degradation of caffeine by Pseudomonas alcaligenes CFR 1708." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 37, no. 6 (November 2005): 617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.03.022.

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28

Barman, Jean. "Masters and Servants: The Hudson’s Bay Company and Its North American Workforce, 1668–1786. Scott P. Stephen." Canadian Historical Review 101, no. 4 (December 2020): 642–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr-101.4-br02.

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29

Xu, Jingyu, Hongge Jia, Nan Yang, Qingji Wang, Guoxing Yang, Mingyu Zhang, Shuangping Xu, et al. "High Efficiency Gas Permeability Membranes from Ethyl Cellulose Grafted with Ionic Liquids." Polymers 11, no. 11 (November 18, 2019): 1900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11111900.

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Ethyl cellulose was grafted with ionic liquids in optimal yields (62.5–64.1%) and grafting degrees (5.93–7.90%) by the esterification of the hydroxyl groups in ethyl cellulose with the carboxyl groups in ionic liquids. In IR spectra of the ethyl cellulose derivatives exhibited C=O bond stretching vibration peaks at 1760 or 1740 cm−1, confirming the formation of the ester groups and furnishing the evidence of the successful grafting of ethyl cellulose with ionic liquids. The ethyl cellulose grafted with ionic liquids could be formed into membranes by using the casting solution method. The resulting membranes exhibited good membrane forming ability and mechanical properties. The EC grafted with ionic liquids-based membranes demonstrated PCO2/PCH4 separation factors of up to 18.8, whereas the PCO2/PCH4 separation factor of 9.0 was obtained for pure EC membrane (both for CO2/CH4 mixture gas). The membranes also demonstrated an excellent gas permeability coefficient PCO2, up to 199 Barrer, which was higher than pure EC (PCO2 = 46.8 Barrer). Therefore, it can be concluded that the ionic liquids with imidazole groups are immensely useful for improving the gas separation performances of EC membranes.

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30

Pickles, Katie. "Building Better Britains? Settler Societies in the British World, 1783–1920 by Cecilia MorganBuilding Better Britains? Settler Societies in the British World, 1783–1920. Cecilia Morgan. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2017. Pp. xxvii+202, $55.00 cloth $24.95 paper." Canadian Historical Review 99, no. 1 (March 2018): 134–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.99.1.br10.

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31

Graves, Donald E. "“Your Most Obedient and Affectionate Son”: James Wolfe’s Letters to His Parents, 1740–1759. Lawrence Ostola." Canadian Historical Review 103, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 507–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr-103.3.br20.

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32

Smyth, Jim, and Alan McKinlay. "Whigs, Tories and Scottish Legal Reform, c.1785-1832." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 15, no. 1 (May 1, 2011): 111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.1246.

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33

Eisner, Manuel. "Clive Emsley, Hard Men – Violence in England since 1750." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.1310.

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Wiener, Martin J. "Clive Emsley, Crime and Society in England 1750-1900." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.944.

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35

Fyson, Donald. "In Duty Bound: Men, Women, and the State in Upper Canada, 1783–1841by J.K. JohnsonIn Duty Bound: Men, Women, and the State in Upper Canada, 1783–1841. J.K. Johnson. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2014. Pp. 304, $110.00 cloth, $32.95 paper." Canadian Historical Review 97, no. 3 (September 2016): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.97.3.br04.

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36

Borsk, Michael. "Empire, Kinship and Violence: Family Histories, Indigenous Rights and the Making of Settler Colonialism, 1770–1842. Elizabeth Elbourne." Canadian Historical Review 104, no. 4 (December 1, 2023): 601–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.104.4.rev1.

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37

Sharpe, James. "David Hitchcock, Vagrancy in English Culture and Society, 1650-1750." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 25, no. 1 (August 5, 2021): 146–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.2948.

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Lucassen, Leo. "« Harmful tramps » Police professionalization and gypsies in Germany, 1700-19451." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 1, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.1029.

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Heijden, Manon van der. "Karine Lambert, Itinéraires féminins de la déviance. Provence 1750-1850." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 19, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.1579.

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Dyonet, Nicole. "Éric Hestault, La lieutenance de Maréchaussée de Nantes (1770-1791)." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 8, no. 1 (August 1, 2004): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.525.

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Hofman, Elwin. "Strategic Inequality: Social Status in French Criminal Interrogations, 1750-1850." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 26, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.3224.

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42

Bronevetsky, Yelena, Evan Massi, Candy Garcia, Ningchun Liu, Yewei Xing, Natalie Czeryba, Scott Wise, and James Lim. "Abstract 1782: Functional potency assay predicts CAR-T effectiveness in tumor microenvironment." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1782.

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Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy holds great promise for the treatment of various cancers, including solid tumors. However, attempts to model the behavior and effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapies for blood cancers and solid tumors have been challenging due to the unique tumor microenvironments in which these cancer cells are found. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is often characterized by hypoxia, increased acidity, and high interstitial fluid pressures, allowing cancer cells to effectively evade immune surveillance. This immunosuppressive TME also contributes to CAR-T cell exhaustion, thereby limiting its antitumor activity and function. To address these concerns, we have developed a proprietary cell-based assay to measure CAR-T cell potency and cytotoxic function in three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell culture system, human acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia mouse model, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. Utilizing the AVATAR system, we replicated the oxygen and interstitial fluid pressures found in the vasculature, the bone marrow and solid tumor microenvironments. Tumor cytolysis assays were conducted in these environments to measure cell exhaustion as analyzed by flow cytometry and electrical impedance. In addition, serial tumor challenge assays were performed to examine CAR-T potency and effectiveness in TME. Proof-of-concept experiments were performed using ROR1 CAR-T cells targeting the ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line, SKOV3. CD19 CAR-T were also used targeting the acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, NALM6. Defined ratios of effector T cells to tumor cells was assessed to model CAR-T potency in vitro and elevated CD19 CAR-T mediated cytotoxicity was confirmed with the increased ratio of effector T cells to tumor cells in both 2D and 3D culture system. CD19 CAR-T cells also exhibited in vivo dose dependent efficacy against the systemic NALM6-Luc acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) mouse model, quantified by bioluminescence (BLI) image monitoring method. Multiple pressure and oxygen settings were examined to model the cross-section of the bone marrow and solid tumor microenvironments (0 PSI to 5 PSI, 1% to 10% O2). Initial results from these screening experiments show significant decline in ROR1 CAR-T mediated cytotoxicity when performed under TME conditions. However, CD19 CAR-T showed effective cell killing under TME conditions. Interestingly, acclimating and expanding ROR1 CAR-T cells to high pressure and decreased oxygen culture conditions improved potency levels and warrants further investigation. In summary, we observe CAR-T cells comprise the tumor cell killing ability in both in vitro 3D and in vivo animal models. We also describe a physiologically relevant potency assay that incorporates hyperbaric and hypoxic incubation technology to predict the behavior of cell therapies in immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. Citation Format: Yelena Bronevetsky, Evan Massi, Candy Garcia, Ningchun Liu, Yewei Xing, Natalie Czeryba, Scott Wise, James Lim. Functional potency assay predicts CAR-T effectiveness in tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1782.

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Katsumoto, Yukiteru, Daisuke Adachi, Harumi Sato, and Yukihiro Ozaki. "Usefulness of a Curve Fitting Method in the Analysis of Overlapping Overtones and Combinations of CH Stretching Modes." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 10, no. 1 (January 2002): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.325.

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This paper reports the usefulness of a curve fitting method in the analysis of NIR spectra. NIR spectra in the 7500–5500 cm−1 (1333–1818 nm) region were measured for water–methanol, water–ethanol and water–1-propanol mixtures with alcohol concentrations of 0–100 wt% at 25°C. The 6000–5600 cm−1 (1667–1786 nm) region, where the overtones and combinations of CH3 and CH2 stretching modes are expected to appear, shows significant band shifts with the increase in the alcohol content. To analyse the concentration-dependent spectral changes, a curve fitting method was utilised, and the results were compared with those obtained previously by a second derivative method. It was found that the first overtones of CH3 asymmetric and symmetric stretching modes of alcohols show a downward shift by about 15–30 cm−1 with the increase in the concentration of alcohols. The shifts are much larger for water–methanol mixtures than for water–ethanol and water–1-propanol mixtures. The first overtones and combinations of CH2 stretching modes of ethanol and 1-propanol also show a small downward shift. These shifts support our previous conclusion that there is an intermolecular “CH⃛O” interaction between the methyl group and water in the water–alcohol mixtures. The curve fitting method provided more feasible results for the band shifts than the second derivative method. It was revealed from the curve fitting method that the first overtone of the CH3 asymmetric stretching mode of water–methanol, water–ethanol and water–1-propanol mixtures shows different concentration-dependent plots. The first overtone of CH3 asymmetric stretching mode of water–methanol mixtures shifts more rapidly in the high methanol concentration range while that of water–1-propanol concentration shifts more markedly in the low 1-propanol concentration range. That of water–ethanol mixtures shows an intermediate trend. Based upon these differences structural differences among the three kinds of water–alcohol mixtures are discussed.

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Sever, Hüseyin. "Die Urformen Der Börse Und Inflation In Anatolien Und Ein Gestein, Dessen Ausfuhr In Der Zeit Der Kolonie Aus Anatolien Verboten Ist (1970-1750 v. Chr.)." Belleten 60, no. 228 (August 1, 1996): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.1996.237.

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In Anatolien, wo die Metalle wie Gold, Silber und Kupfer reichlich zur Verfügung stand, gab es im 3. Jahrtausend Betriebe, die sich mit genannten Metallen beschaftigten und man war auf dem Gebiet der Landwirtschaft technisch sehr fortgeschritten; das alles lenkte die Aüfmerksamkeit der in südöstlichen Anatolien und Nordmesopotamien ansassigen assyrischen Kaufleute auf sich. Aus diesem Grunde kamen zwischen 1970 und 1750 v. Chr., also in einem Zeitraum von etwa 200 Jahren, die assyrischen Kaufleute nach Anatolien und liessen eine Epoche, die man als Zeitalter der Handelskolonien der Assyrier nennt, anfangen.

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Champkin, Julian. "C.R. Rao." Significance 8, no. 4 (November 25, 2011): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2011.00525.x.

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Fillion, Eric. "Listening to the Fur Trade: Soundways and Music in the British North American Fur Trade, 1760–1840. Daniel Robert Laxer." Canadian Historical Review 103, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 631–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.103.4.br10.

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47

Reinke, Herbert. "Leo Lucassen, Zigeuner. Geschichte eines politischen Ordnungsbegriffes in Deutschland 1700-1945." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.874.

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48

Robert, Philippe. "Clive Emsley, Crime, Police and Penal Policy, European Experiences, 1750-1940." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2008): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.91.

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Susan Stewart. "Talking Animals in British Children's Fiction, 1786-1914 (review)." Children's Literature Association Quarterly 34, no. 1 (2009): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chq.0.1896.

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Bolton, Betsy. "Staging Governance: Theatrical Imperialism in London, 1770-1800 (review)." Comparative Drama 40, no. 2 (2006): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cdr.2006.0007.

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