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Pires Filho, Fernando Molinos, Isaura Bueno, and Suzana Gomes Moreira. "Perspectiva de localização profissional entre alunos da faculdade de odontologia da UFRGS." Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre 26, no. 1 (September 14, 2021): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.118267.
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The authors presents an analysis of prospect. of profissional localization in Dentistry UFRGS School students, in 1977. Results shows: 1) Before the last half yearly, 42% of students had choose their future professional localization; 2) 72% of them, chose metropoles and that choice grows between the 6º e 8º halÍ yearly students; 3) About 60% of them chose Porto Alegre as their future localization; 4) Nearly 43% that chose Porto Alegre, come from another cities.
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Mohai, Paul, Bunyan Bryant, and Craig Slatin. "“I Didn't Choose This. It Chose Me.” Community-Based Environmental Justice Leaders." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 30, no. 3 (October 6, 2020): 226–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048291120961510.
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On 13 February 2020, the University of Michigan School for Environment and Sustainability held the Michigan Environmental Justice Summit 2020: Commemorating the Thirtieth Anniversary of Michigan’s 1990 Conference on Race and the Environment and Looking Toward the Future. The Summit hosted a dynamic panel of community environmental justice leaders throughout the region who have “boots on the ground” in the progress and pursuit of environmental justice. The panelists included Donele Wilkins, the President/CEO of the Green Door Initiative in Detroit, MI; Andrea Pierce, Chair and Founder of the Anishinaabek Caucus, Idle No More Michigan, MI; and Theresa Landrum, co-founder of the 48217 Community and Environmental Health Organization, Detroit, MI. This article includes an edited transcript of the panel discussion. The panelists detail multiple grassroots efforts to remedy environmental injustice in Michigan.
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Eka putri, Fischa Prima, and Hansi Effendi. "Analisis Deskriptif Pembelajaran Dasar Listrik Elektronika selama Pandemi Covid-19." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Elektro 4, no. 1 (February 8, 2023): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jpte.v4i1.262.
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This article reviews the implementation of online learning and student motivation during a pandemic in the basic subjects of electricity and electronics at SMK Negeri 5 Padang. This research answers the question of how to describe the implementation of online learning and students' learning motivation in the Basic Electricity and Electronics (DLE) subject at SMK 5 Padang. This research is a quantitative study with a population of all students of class X who take Basic Electricity and Electronics (DLE) subjects at SMK 5 Padang City with a total of 35 people. The results showed that the learning constraints in the category of students who chose Yes showed a percentage of 61.4%. The category that chose Not showed a percentage of 38.6%. Regarding online learning resources, students who chose Yes showed a percentage of 40.7%. The category that chose Not showed a percentage of 59.3%. There is a desire and desire of students to learn who choose Yes shows a percentage of 90%. The category that chose No shows a percentage of 10%. There is encouragement and need for students in learning who choose Yes to show a percentage of 45.7%. The category that chose Not showed a percentage of 54.3%. There is hope that students in the future who choose Yes show a percentage of 79.4%. The category that chose No shows a percentage of 20.6%.
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Kerr, Steven, and Mary Ann Von Glinow. "The future of HR: Plus ca change, plus c'est la meme chose." Human Resource Management 36, no. 1 (1997): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-050x(199721)36:1<115::aid-hrm18>3.0.co;2-a.
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Zhang, Yuan, and Zhaoyang Guo. "Loyal past, fickle future: The effects of temporal thinking on consumers' variety-seeking behaviors." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 47, no. 9 (September 3, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.7975.
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In two studies, we investigated the effect of temporal thinking (past thinking vs. future thinking) on variety-seeking behaviors. In Study 1, 228 Chinese college students were recruited as participants, and they chose promotional items from a simulated supermarket in a behavioral laboratory. The findings indicated that, compared to participants who were not in a temporal-thinking condition, when participants had recalled a past event, they chose items from fewer categories in the promotional gift-selection task, and those who had imagined a future event chose from more categories. We uncovered that familiarity seeking associated with past thinking and novelty seeking associated with future thinking were the underlying mechanisms that presented two different psychological paths. However, in a real-choice task, the temporal-thinking effect was attenuated by self-irrelevant thinking (Study 2, 272 Chinese college students recruited as participants). We also found the temporal distance showed no influence on the temporal-thinking effect, regardless of whether the time cues were given (Study 1) or not given (Study 2).
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Kadagad, P., and P. Pinto. "Trends in Attitudes Towards Orofacial Cleft by Pregnant Women and Future Need for Cleft Care." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 7, no. 3 (2013): 134–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-7-3-134.
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ABSTRACT AIM To investigate the attitude of pregnant women towards prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of orofacial cleft and its impact on the future needs of cleft treatment. METHODS 100 subjects consulting the department of obstetrics and gynecology of KLE PK Hospital and Medical research centre were interviewed using a questionnaire. RESULTS Only 3 patients out of 100 patients chose the option of medical termination of pregnancy over continuation of pregnancy on prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of cleft. CONCLUSION Majority of pregnant women chose to continue pregnancy on prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of cleft; hence the implication to scale up the provision of future cleft therapy.
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Ingaldi, Manuela, and Katarína Lestyánszka Škůrková. "Company Strategy Determination in Food Company Using Swot Method." Acta Technologica Agriculturae 17, no. 3 (October 23, 2014): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ata-2014-0015.
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Abstract Strategy is a high-level plan to achieve one or more goals under conditions of uncertainty. Strategy becomes necessary when it is known or suspected there are insufcient resources to achieve these goals. To choose a good strategy, it is important to check frst the strategic position of a company. The SWOT analysis is a very useful tool to do so. Everyone almost every day buys food to live. For people, it is very important to buy food with good quality at a low price. That is why the authors chose a food company to check its strategic position. In this paper, the strategic position of the chosen food company was specifed. This allowed assessing the current situation of the company and to determine the direction of its future activities. The company should use the maxi-maxi strategy.
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Khowchernklang, Jeerayu, and Charoonsri Madilokkovit. "The Factors That Influence the Decision in Choosing Vocational Education of Students in Matthayom 3 in Eastern Economic Corridor Area (EEC) By Using Binary Logistic Regression Analysis." Journal Of Technical Education Development 35, no. 126 (June 1, 2023): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14416/j.ted.2023.06.009.
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This research aimed to study the influential factors that influence students’ decision to choose vocational education after graduation among Matthayom 3 students whose schools are located EEC zone. The objectives of the research were to study their education choices (high school vs. vocational school), personal information, economic and social status including an awareness towards the demand for labors in the EEC area. This research was conducted among Matthayom 3 students who were in the last semester in the academic year of 2021 for 1,101 samples. The research tool was a survey questionnaire and the statistics used were the frequency, percentage as well as a Binary Logistic Regression for analyzing key influential factors that influence students’ decision to choose vocational education over high school. The research revealed that the majority of students chose high school for further education for 70%, vocational institution for 29% and only 1% chose not to study after graduation. For students who chose vocational education, the results showed that the positive factors that influenced the students’ decision were gender, GPA, average household income, the demand for labor in future industries, job opportunity after graduation, and dual degree program. The prediction accuracy for the students was 93.6%. These research findings can be used as a guideline to promote and encourage students to study further in vocational education that has already become an excessive demand in the EEC labor market.
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Pansang, Sayan, Suchart Siengchen, Teerawat Boonyasopon, and Somnoek Wisuttipaet. "The Factors That Influence the Decision in Choosing Vocational Education of Students in Matthayom 3 in Eastern Economic Corridor Area (EEC) By Using Binary Logistic Regression Analysis." Journal Of Technical Education Development 35, no. 126 (June 1, 2023): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14416/j.ted.2023.06.013.
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This research aimed to study the influential factors that influence students’ decision to choose vocational education after graduation among Matthayom 3 students whose schools are located EEC zone. The objectives of the research were to study their education choices (high school vs. vocational school), personal information, economic and social status including an awareness towards the demand for labors in the EEC area. This research was conducted among Matthayom 3 students who were in the last semester in the academic year of 2021 for 1,101 samples. The research tool was a survey questionnaire and the statistics used were the frequency, percentage as well as a Binary Logistic Regression for analyzing key influential factors that influence students’ decision to choose vocational education over high school. The research revealed that the majority of students chose high school for further education for 70%, vocational institution for 29% and only 1% chose not to study after graduation. For students who chose vocational education, the results showed that the positive factors that influenced the students’ decision were gender, GPA, average household income, the demand for labor in future industries, job opportunity after graduation, and dual degree program. The prediction accuracy for the students was 93.6%. These research findings can be used as a guideline to promote and encourage students to study further in vocational education that has already become an excessive demand in the EEC labor market.
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Hsu, Mei Hua Kerry, and Man Ho Ling. "Nursing students’ attitudes towards older people and future career choices in Macao-A pilot study." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 9, no. 2 (September 25, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v9n2p10.
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Background: As global ageing, Macao also faces challenges with regards to an aging population. Not many nursing students are willing to choose gerontological nursing (GN) as a career choice. This pilot study was conducted on a small sample of Macao nursing students to assess nursing students’ attitudes towards older people and their future career choices. Moreover, this pilot study is aimed to validate the survey questionnaire for the further study.Methods: A cross-sectional survey to explore 30 Macao nursing students’ attitudes towards older people and future career choices. Kogan’s attitudes towards older people scale (KAOP) was adopted in this study.Results: About 33.3% nursing students agreed to work in GN after graduation. Only 6.7% participants chose “aged care institute” as their first choice for future career. Participants have higher mean scores of KAOP that indicate more positive attitudes towards older people. “GN practice experience” and “personal preference” are confirmed as contributors for nursing students towards GN in this study.Conclusions: Macao nursing students have positive attitudes towards older people but not many of them would choose GN as future career. This pilot study provided knowledge to current nursing educators and government for the situation among nursing students in Macao.
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Tunio, Muhammad Nawaz, Iffat Sabir Chaudhry, Sadia Shaikh, Mushtaque Ali Jariko, and Mohsen Brahmi. "Determinants of the Sustainable Entrepreneurial Engagement of Youth in Developing Country—An Empirical Evidence from Pakistan." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 12, 2021): 7764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147764.
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The article identifies the motivating factors behind the career preferences of university graduates who chose to engage in sustainable entrepreneurship. In this research, multi-methods—theoretical investigations and qualitative interviews—have been utilized to determine the factors responsible for promoting sustainable entrepreneurship in a developing region. The sample consisted of university graduates who chose to pursue their careers in entrepreneurial activities in Hyderabad, the sixth largest city of Pakistan located in Sindh Province. While determining why young academics choose entrepreneurship as a career choice, entrepreneurial careers are explored as an ongoing process of biographical sequences in which new ways of thinking and communication, new forms of economic and occupational challenges, and necessities as well as ways of success and failure are permanently claimed or raised. Due to these challenges, the youth are confronted with complex social and economic situation to deal with. The study findings provide guidelines on how sustainable entrepreneurship can be developed, engaged, and sustained in the future in developing and under-developed regions.
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Jones, Sandra C., and Lisa Kervin. "An experimental study on the effects of exposure to magazine advertising on children's food choices." Public Health Nutrition 14, no. 8 (December 8, 2010): 1337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010002983.
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AbstractObjectiveThe present study sought to determine the feasibility of an experimental research design to investigate the effects of exposure to magazine advertising on children's food choices.DesignChildren were randomized to read either a magazine with food advertisements or a magazine with no food advertisements. They then chose two food items from the intervention ‘store’ to eat after the session. Data were also collected on attitudes to advertising and snack food preferences. Finally, participants’ parents were provided with a self-completion survey on food choices and other variables (n24).SettingThree vacation care centres in regional New South Wales, Australia.SubjectsChildren aged 5–12 years (n47).ResultsChildren in the experimental condition were more likely to choose advertised foods than those in the control group. Interestingly, the majority reported taste and healthiness as the most important factors in snack food choices; however, when faced with the actual food choice, they predominantly chose unhealthy foods (eighty-two unhealthy and only twelve healthy items were chosen).ConclusionsThis was the first study to assess the effects on children of exposure to food advertising within the context of reading a child-targeted magazine. Importantly, even with the small sample size and venue limitations, we found that exposure to magazine advertising influenced food choices. Children's magazines are an under-researched and poorly regulated medium, with considerable potential to influence children's food choices. The present study shows that the methodology is feasible, and future studies could replicate this with larger samples.
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Thomas, Rhys, Helen Devine, Ann Donnelly, Alexander Foulkes, Clare Galtrey, Zhaleh Khaleeli, Joanne Lawrence, Marianne Novak, Jessica Redgrave, and Emma Tallantyre. "WHY NEUROLOGY? THE CAREER CHOICES OF CURRENT UK NEUROLOGY TRAINEES." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 86, no. 11 (October 14, 2015): e4.132-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2015-312379.42.
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IntroductionIt is important that we attract high-calibre medics to neurology. There are few studies of what motivated neurologists to choose their speciality, when they chose, or what else they might have become.MethodsAll UK neurology trainees were invited to complete an online survey.Results160 trainees responded (53% female; 17% less-than-fulltime). 54% decided on neurology before graduating (6% before medical school), whilst 29% decided after foundation training. Common reasons to choose neurology included: academically interesting (72%); clinical exposure as a student or junior (67%); personality fit (53%); influential role-model (37%). Less common motivations included lifestyle, family friendliness, prestige, and family members with neurological conditions. Two trainees chose neurology because they personally have a neurological condition. When asked what their second choice of medical career would have been the answers were diverse and 31 different specialties were named, but only one might have been a neurosurgeon.ConclusionsCareers advice should begin early in medical school and continue through medical training with direct exposure to clinical neurology. Traditional neurology values such as the intellectual challenge should be emphasised. Neurologists have a broad interest in medical and psychiatric specialties underlining the importance of core medical training to developing neurologists of the future.
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Eraqi, Ayman M. Zakaria, and Walid Abdul-Hady Shoura. "A Model Proposed for the Prediction of Future Sustainable Residence Specifications Using Analytical Network Process." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 4, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v4i3.681.
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In Egypt, people are unable to determine the qualities of appropriate residence that achieves quality and occupant satisfaction, and contributes to sustainability of residential conglomerations. In general, developing countries lack housing information which can be used to enhance quality of residence. Also, the methods of assessing and identifying the appropriate criteria for future residence quality remain traditional ones that cannot address the multiple, conflicting, overlapping aspects to reach a good decision. This calls for using the Analytical Network Process (ANP), an effective tool for specifying the relative importance of all factors impacting a specific issue for making an appropriate residential decision. In addition, this method provides results for the decision element impacts network within the decision structure; thus contributing to more understanding of the mechanisms and requirements of residence selection. The proposed decision structure comprises a two-level network: main clusters, main elements, and sub-elements included in the demographic characteristics group, the residence criteria group, the demand parameters group, the supply parameters group, the residence specifications group, and the alternatives group which representing, in total, the decision and specifying the percentage needed for each housing level. Results of the model showed complete capacity in smoothly addressing complexities and overlapping in the decision structure. The decision structure showed that 52% chose luxury residence, 28% chose middle-class residence, and 19.5% chose the economic residence. Mechanisms of decision making were analyzed; particularly in terms of relationship to demographic characteristics and residence specifications. Also, the importance and impact of demand / supply parameters in reaching decision were analyzed.
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Frantz, J., P. Cloete, A. Heynes, and A. Steenberg. "The future of physiotherapy in South Africa." South African Journal of Physiotherapy 56, no. 4 (November 30, 2000): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v56i4.1345.
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A brain drain in the physiotherapy profession is a cause of major concern currently among physiotherapists in South Africa. The main aim of this study was to determine the future plans of 2nd to 4th year physiotherapy students registered at the three academic institutions in the Western Cape for the 1999 academic year. It also aimed at determining the reasons why graduates chose to stay or leave South Africa. The results of the study show that an overwhelming majority (86%) of the respondents considered leaving South Africa following graduation. The reasons listed for leaving included gaining experience, financial gain and job availability. It is hoped that the results of this study will stimulate relevant role players to investigate means of persuading our graduates to stay and work in the country.
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Gilboa, Daniella, Liron Seidman, Polina Kimiagarov, Avia Noni, Ravid Doron, and Daniel S. Seidman. "Why do women choose to undergo oocyte aspiration without sedation or analgesia?" Reproduction and Fertility 2, no. 2 (June 2021): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/raf-20-0064.
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Objective Oocyte pick-up (OPU) is a painful but essential part of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) that is usually performed under sedation and analgesia (SaA). Our aim was to study that why some women decide to undergo OPU without SaA? Methods This was a prospective study using patient questionnaires and the standardized 7-item generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) score. The patients were asked to assess the pain experienced during OPU using a visual analog scale (VAS). The study sample was a convenience sample of 100 healthy women undergoing OPU at our unit with or without SaA. Results Women who chose to undergo OPU without SaA were significantly more likely to express the fear of anesthesia. A high pain score (VAS ≥ 6) was reported by significantly more patients who underwent OPU without SaA than with SaA. Yet, 98% of the patients who underwent OPU without SaA stated that in future IVF cycles, they would still choose to undergo OPU without SaA. More patients had high anxiety scores among those who underwent OPU with than without SaA. Conclusions Women who chose to undergo OPU without SaA reported more often fear of anesthesia. Although these women experienced significantly more pain during OPU, almost all of them suggested that they would still choose to undergo OPU without SaA. Increased anxiety, as expressed by higher GAD-7 scores, was not associated with a tendency to choose SaA during OPU. The option of OPU without SaA seems to be an acceptable option for selected women. Lay summary Egg retrieval from the ovaries is a painful part of in vitro fertilization (IVF). It is, therefore, usually performed under sedation and pain relief (analgesia). The aim of this study was to investigate: Why some women decide to undergo egg retrieval without sedation? We prospectively studied 100 women using patient questionnaires and standardized scores in order to measure patient's pain and anxiety levels. We found that women who chose to undergo egg retrieval without sedation were significantly more likely to express fear of anesthesia. As expected, women who decided to forgo sedation experienced more pain during egg retrieval, yet, 98% of them decided that in future IVF cycles, they would still choose to undergo egg retrieval without sedation. Surprisingly, women who had high anxiety scores were not more likely to ask for sedation during egg retrieval. The option to undergo egg retrieval without sedation during IVF seems to be acceptable for some women.
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Fairbanks, Joshua, Mark Griffiths, and Drew Winters. "Financial crisis solutions in the commercial paper market." Managerial Finance 45, no. 2 (February 11, 2019): 294–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-10-2017-0388.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine programs designed to support the commercial paper market during the financial crisis. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyzes the participants in the two programs to determine why domestic financial institutions chose one program over the other. Findings Domestic financial institutions chose the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program over the Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF) while foreign financial institutions chose the CPFF. Practical implications The analysis is intended to support future policy debate on how to address a liquidity crisis in the money markets. Originality/value The authors are the first paper to examine the participants in these two programs. The value is the policy implications of this study.
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Husin, Mohd Razimi, Hishamuddin Ahmad, Muhammad Bazlan Mustafa, Ismail @. Ismail Yusuf Panessai, and Ramlan Ramlan. "EFFECTIVE APPROACH, WORK-RELATED CONTENT AND OPPORTUNITY TO PURSUE HIGHER EDUCATION OF SCIENCE CORE SUBJECTS." International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling 5, no. 37 (December 3, 2020): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631//ijepc.5370011.
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This paper presents the most effective approach used by teachers for the core subjects of Science, work-related learning content, and its future functions for humanities students in Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia. Previous research indicates there is a teenager that does not have a career to choose although they have a high academic performance. Moreover, there are teenagers who chose a career which have less relevance to the stream chosen at school. In this study, certain effective techniques and the very related contents of science core subject to future works has developed. This study uses a qualitative approach which involves interviews that are analysed using Nvivo software. The qualitative approach uses phenomenological design to reflect on the experience of the former students towards their experience and learning contents of secondary school upper-level science core subject which impacted their career aspirations today. Twelve experienced workers were selected through purposeful sampling. The results show that there are certain techniques that are very effective for teachers including the use of certain learning aids and science laboratories. Meanwhile, respondents who obtained very good examination results were less able to take advantage of Science Subjects in Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (MCE) because most higher learning institutions tend to choose students who have biology or more relevant subjects in certain courses. This study has revealed effective learning experience techniques that are beneficial for all educators and also shows the lack of function of this science subject to students with excellent achievement.
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Park, SangJin, Chulyong Park, and Joo Hyun Sung. "How Does the Involuntary Choice of Self-Employment Affect Subjective Well-Being in Small-Sized Business Workers? A Cross-Sectional Study from the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 17, 2022): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19021011.
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In South Korea, self-employed workers comprise 24.6% of the working population—among which 99.7% were found to operate with less than 50 employees. However, few studies have investigated the effects of an involuntary choice of self-employment. In this study, based on the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey, the factors affecting subjective well-being and mental health in small business owners with less than 50 employees among service/sales workers, who account for more than half of the self-employed population in Korea, were analyzed by the World Health Organization—Five Well-Being Index, using the Student’s t-test, ANOVA and logistic regression analysis. Results showed that the well-being level for those who opted for self-employment involuntarily was lower than those who chose it voluntarily. Then, participants were separated into two groups according to sex; the degree corresponding to the poor well-being score group was compared, and that of the group who chose self-employment because they could not find any other work was significantly higher than that of the group who chose it voluntarily, in both men and women, and this was similar even after correcting for covariance. As the number of people being forced to choose self-employment is expected to further increase after the outbreak of COVID-19, future studies should be conducted to improve subjective well-being of such workers.
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Comas-Herrera, Adelina, Sara Northey, Raphael Wittenberg, Martin Knapp, Sarmishtha Bhattacharyya, and Alistair Burns. "Future costs of dementia-related long-term care: exploring future scenarios." International Psychogeriatrics 23, no. 1 (April 8, 2010): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610210000025.
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ABSTRACTBackground: This study explores how the views of a panel of experts on dementia would affect projected long-term care expenditure for older people with dementia in England in the year 2031.Methods: A Delphi-style approach was used to gather the views of experts. The projections were carried out using a macro-simulation model of future demand and associated expenditure for long-term care by older people with dementia.Results: The panel chose statements that suggested a small reduction in the prevalence of dementia over the next fifty years, a freeze in the numbers of people in care homes, and an increase in the qualifications and pay of care assistants who look after older people with dementia. Projections of expenditure on long-term care that seek to capture the views of the panel suggest that future expenditure on long-term care for this group will rise from 0.6% of GDP in 2002 to between 0.82% and 0.96% of GDP in 2031. This range is lower than the projected expenditure of 0.99% of GDP in 2031 obtained under a range of base case assumptions.Conclusions: This paper attempts to bridge the gap between qualitative forecasting methods and quantitative future expenditure modelling and has raised a number of important methodological issues. Incorporating the panel's views into projections of future expenditure in long-term care for people with dementia would result in projected expenditure growing more slowly than it would otherwise.
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Munuera, Jérôme, Marta Ribes Agost, David Bendetowicz, Adrien Kerebel, Valérian Chambon, and Brian Lau. "Intrinsic motivation for choice varies with individual risk attitudes and the controllability of the environment." PLOS Computational Biology 19, no. 8 (August 11, 2023): e1010551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010551.
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When deciding between options that do or do not lead to future choices, humans often choose to choose. We studied choice seeking by asking subjects to first decide between a choice opportunity or performing a computer-selected action, after which they either chose freely or performed the forced action. Subjects preferred choice when these options were equally rewarded, even deterministically, and traded extrinsic rewards for opportunities to choose. We explained individual variability in choice seeking using reinforcement learning models incorporating risk sensitivity and overvaluation of rewards obtained through choice. Model fits revealed that 28% of subjects were sensitive to the worst possible outcome associated with free choice, and this pessimism reduced their choice preference with increasing risk. Moreover, outcome overvaluation was necessary to explain patterns of individual choice preference across levels of risk. We also manipulated the degree to which subjects controlled stimulus outcomes. We found that degrading coherence between their actions and stimulus outcomes diminished choice preference following forced actions, although willingness to repeat selection of choice opportunities remained high. When subjects chose freely during these repeats, they were sensitive to rewards when actions were controllable but ignored outcomes -even positive ones- associated with reduced controllability. Our results show that preference for choice can be modulated by extrinsic reward properties including reward probability and risk as well as by controllability of the environment.
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McCaw, Caroline, Elinor Bray-Collins, Isabel Sousa, Machiko Niimi, Valeria Contreras, Samantha Groover, Madavi Nandalall, et al. "International Collaboration for a Sustainable Future." Futures of Education, Culture and Nature - Learning to Become 1 (January 21, 2022): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/fecun.v1i.130231.
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This paper represents a concrete reflection on the first steps in a Collaborative Online International Learning journey through the Global Polytechnic Alliance participation in Map the System. The polytechnics are in Denmark (VIA), Canada (Humber College), and New Zealand (Otago Polytechnic). Students and faculty participated in the initiative to work together strategically, based on common interests, to strengthen the participating institutions academically and globally. Three international teams were developed to participate and enter into the Map the System global competition. The teams chose a social or environmental issue that mattered to them and researched connecting elements and factors to share findings in a way that people can meaningfully learn from. This competition, and the paper, is viewed as a discovery process. In this article, we describe three stages the team went through faculty team formation, teaching and learning as well as developing student research and system maps. Through this process, we discovered key insights on creating a sense of community online, systems thinking and reflective learning process. The paper concludes with our thoughts on the unintended gifts of collaborating internationally in virtual teams.
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Flink, Dina M., Yvonne Kellar-Guenther, Jeanelle Sheeder, and Laxmi A. Kondapalli. "Fertility Attitudes and Cancer Treatment Study (FACTS)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2016): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.112.
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112 Background: Approximately 140,000 people under 45 year old are diagnosed with cancer annually in the US. Survivorship is high and many of these individuals desire future fertility. Although fertility preservation (FP) services are increasing, utilization rates remain low. Methods: We conducted a 2-phase study to identify factors for FP decisions among newly diagnosed males and females receiving fertility consultation, 18-45 years old. Phase 1 was a chart review; Chi-square and t-tests were used to determine potential factors associated with FP decision. Phase 2 consisted of face-to-face interviews. Content analysis was used to identify relevant themes associated with reasons, priorities, support, and satisfaction for FP decision. Results: In Phase 1, 108 charts were reviewed; FP utilization rate was 50%. Those who chose FP were more likely to be male (73.6% vs. 26.4%, p < 0.001), Caucasian (90.6% vs. 9.4%, p = 0.042), have a solid tumor (98.1% vs. 1.9% p = 0.032), and a shorter time from diagnosis to fertility consult (29.5 vs. 58.8 days, p = 0.017). Age, relationship, education, parity, or treatment plan did not differ with FP decision. In phase 2, we assessed reasons why patients chose FP; 27 participants were interviewed. Primary reasons for choosing FP were: future fertility and access to FP services. Main reasons for not choosing FP were: concerns with future conception and lack of access to FP services. Cost ranked 4thamong reasons to not choose FP; however 50% of patients overcame the cost to prioritize future fertility. Males top priorities were: future parenthood, cancer treatment, and survivorship QOL. Females top priorities were: future parenthood, decisional conflict, and cancer treatment. Patients greatest concerns with FP were: birth defects, future conception, and success of FP. Conclusions: Future fertility is a priority for newly diagnosed young adults. All patients should receive a referral to a reproductive specialist, regardless of patient factors or diagnosis. While patients expressed feeling well-informed to make FP decisions following fertility consult, some still had concerns with the safety and success of FP. Adequate FP consultation should include discussion of all treatment options and concerns for FP.
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Ladányi, Gábor, and Viktor Gonda. "Review of Peridynamics: Theory, Applications, and Future Perspectives." Strojniški vestnik – Journal of Mechanical Engineering 67, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 666–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2021.7289.
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The modelling and simulation of material degradations, particularly fractures in solids of different lengths and time scales, remains challenging despite the numerous approaches that have been developed. In this review, the focus is set on research work concerned with a very promising non-local method: peridynamic modelling. With this approach, continuous phenomena may be described, and the complete evolution (i.e., initiation, propagation, branching, or coalescence) of cracks and other discontinuities can be followed in solids in an integrated framework. Evaluating the large number of publications on this topic, the authors chose to present concisely the key concepts, applications, and results in identifying possible future paths: the incorporation of mechanics of large deformations and material nonlinearities, and the development of high-efficiency peridynamic solvers. This review does not intersect with recent relevant reviews, which reflects its significance to readers.
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Bälter, Olle, Elinor Fondell, and Katarina Bälter. "Feedback in web-based questionnaires as incentive to increase compliance in studies on lifestyle factors." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 6 (November 29, 2011): 982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011003041.
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AbstractObjectiveWe explored the use of feedback in interactive web-based questionnaires for collecting data on lifestyle factors in epidemiological studies.DesignHere we report from a cohort study on lifestyle factors and upper respiratory tract infections among 1805 men and women. We introduced interactivity in the form of personalized feedback and feedback on a group level regarding dietary intake, physical activity and incidence of infections in web-based questionnaires as incentives for the respondents to continue answering questions and stay in the study.SettingThe study was performed in Sweden.SubjectsAll participants were randomly selected from the population registry.ResultsPersonalized feedback was offered in the baseline questionnaire and feedback on a group level in the five follow-up questionnaires. In total, 88 % of the participants actively chose to get personalized feedback at least once in the baseline questionnaire. The follow-up questionnaires were sent by email and the overall compliance at each follow-up was 83–84 %, despite only one reminder. In total, 74 % completed all five follow-ups. However, the compliance was higher among those who chose feedback in the baseline questionnaire compared with those who did not choose feedback.ConclusionsThe results show that it is possible to use feedback in web questionnaires and that it has the potential to increase compliance. The majority of the participants actively chose to take part in the personalized feedback in the baseline questionnaire and future research should focus on improving the design of the feedback, which may ultimately result in even higher compliance in research studies.
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Qin, Qiao-Xu, and Yuan-Biao Zhang. "Evaluation and Improvement of Water Supply Capacity in the Region." Journal of Management and Sustainability 8, no. 4 (November 25, 2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v8n4p113.
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Aiming at the problem of water shortage in the world, we set up an index to measure the supply capacity of regional water resources, and chose six regions to verify the accuracy of the index. Then we chose the Beijing area to analyze the causes of water shortage combined with the actual situation. After that, we predicted the water supply situation in Beijing area in the next 15 years and explained the impact of future water resources on the residents’ life by using the grey prediction method. Then the intervention plan is put forward, and the influence of the intervention plan is added to the evaluation model, and then the water supply capacity of the prognosis is predicted again. The quality of the intervention plan is evaluated, and suggestions for future water resources supply are put forward.
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Li, Gelang. "The Influence of News Dissemination in the Micromedia Era Based on the Deep Trust Network Model." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (April 23, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4166750.
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With the development of technology and the traditional newspaper industry’s emphasis on technological dividends, news reporting will open up a larger market in the future. Since the deep trust network mode was proposed, news reports will have more room for changes in the future. Although we still have to insist that content is king, we cannot give up technology, let alone ignore the times. It is necessary to understand the importance and arduousness of the task of innovation in current affairs news reports, and to be firm in the new era, innovation in current affairs news reports lies in the core of voice. The article mainly puts forward the research questions and purposes and collects the literature of contemporary political news communication, the context of new media, and new news communication methods. This paper analyzes the application of deep trust network model in news communication and explained the content, research methodology, and innovation points. It focuses on the ecological background of local news and current affairs dissemination in the context of new media and highlights the impact and challenge activities of new media topics that combine today’s news coverage. Through case analysis, this article will analyze the present way of presenting news communication activities from four aspects: “content innovation,” “form innovation,” “means innovation,” and “communication power innovation.” The results showed that 43% of the respondents chose “primarily online reading” and 21% of the respondents chose “new reading tastes.” 14% of the respondents chose “reading with less paper,” and 11% of the respondents chose “mobile phone as one of the reading devices.”
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Moss, Simon A., Timothy C. Skinner, Melanie Irons, and Nektarios Alexi. "The inclination to shun healthy behaviours that generate only transient benefits: the role of future clarity." Health Promotion International 35, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): e32-e42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/day113.
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Summary Research has not definitively ascertained the circumstances that motivate people to live a healthier lifestyle. To redress this shortfall, we report two overlapping studies that examined whether people are more inclined to value health benefits that seem enduring and fundamental rather than transient or superficial—even after controlling effort and cost. In these studies, 242 participants indicated the degree to which they implement 17 health behaviours—as well as the extent to which they perceive the benefits of these behaviours as enduring and fundamental. Furthermore, participants completed a measure that gauges future clarity. Finally, they chose which of two drugs—drugs that differ only on the longevity of effects—they prefer. Participants were more inclined to implement health behaviours that seemed to generate enduring and fundamental benefits. This effect was more pronounced in people who perceive their future as vivid and certain. Furthermore, participants tended to choose the drug that was touted as generating more enduring benefits, even after controlling cost and effort. As these results imply, to encourage healthy behaviour, health practitioners should help people clarify their future goals and then advocate behaviours that generate lasting benefits.
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Coumans, Juul M. J., Catherine A. W. Bolman, Anke Oenema, and Lilian Lechner. "Predictors of Self-Determined Module Choice in a Web-Based Computer-Tailored Diet and Physical Activity Intervention: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 7 (July 23, 2020): e15024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15024.
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Background Tailoring an online intervention to participant preferences (eg, by giving participants a choice which modules to follow) may increase engagement in the intervention, motivation for behavioral change, and possibly intervention effects. So far, little is known about what characteristics predict these module choices. Filling this knowledge gap is useful for optimizing program engagement. Objective We investigated participant choice for a dietary and/or physical activity (PA) promotion module in our web-based computer-tailored intervention based on self-determination theory (SDT) and motivational interviewing (MI). Furthermore, we investigated which demographic characteristics, current behavior, psychosocial constructs and constructs from SDT and MI, and program-related variables such as advice on which module to follow were associated with these choices. Methods Observational data were used from the randomized controlled trial MyLifestyleCoach of participants who were randomized into the intervention condition, completed the baseline questionnaire, and made a module choice in the opening session of the intervention. Here, they received advice on their own dietary and PA behavior. At the session’s end, they chose which lifestyle modules they would like to follow (both, diet, PA, or no module). Measurements included demographic information; self-reported diet and PA; and several psychosocial, SDT, and MI constructs. In total, data from 619 Dutch adults (59.6% women; mean age was 51.9 [SD 13.5] years) were analyzed. A stepwise multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate which characteristics are related to module choice; the diet module served as reference category as almost everyone was advised to follow this module. Results Of this sample, 54.8% (339/619) chose to do both the diet and PA module, 25.4% (157/619) chose to follow the diet module, 17.8% (110/619) preferred to follow no module, and 2.1% (13/619) chose to do the PA module only. Furthermore, it was found that older people, those who consumed more fruit, and those who scored lower on importance to change their current diet were more likely to choose no module compared to the diet module. People who had more motivation to change their current PA and those who received strong advice compared with slight advice to follow the diet module were more likely to choose both modules compared with the diet module only. Conclusions The results show that more than half of the sample was interested in following both the diet and PA module in this online lifestyle intervention. Several characteristics were found to be related to module choice. A future challenge is to examine how this knowledge can be used to improve future interventions, such as tailoring (messages or content) on specific groups or examining where and how MI could be used to motivate people to make a certain module choice. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register NL7333; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7333
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Hamlin, Daniel, and Albert Cheng. "Parental Empowerment, Involvement, and Satisfaction: A Comparison of Choosers of Charter, Catholic, Christian, and District-Run Public Schools." Educational Administration Quarterly 56, no. 4 (November 16, 2019): 641–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161x19888013.
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Purpose: This study investigates parental empowerment, involvement, and satisfaction in charter, Catholic, Christian, and district-run public schools. The analyses of these indicators across school types also differentiate parents who chose district-run public schools through residential selection from those who did not. Research Design: A survey of 1,699 parents residing in Indiana was linked to school-level administrative data for the analyses. Parents in schools of choice were first compared with parents in district-run public schools using controls for demographic, school, and geographic characteristics. Parents in schools of choice were then compared with parents who chose district-run public schools through residential selection. Findings: Patterns were largely consistent with charter, Christian, and Catholic schools exhibiting greater parental empowerment, involvement, and satisfaction relative to district-run public schools. However, when parents in these schools of choice were compared with parents who chose district-run public schools through residential selection, these differences decreased. Strong negative relationships with parental empowerment, involvement, and satisfaction were observed for parents who did not choose district-run public schools through residential selection. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of parental selection into district-run public schools through choice of residence—a typically unobserved form of school selection in the literature. In district-run public schools, results suggest that deliberate strategies may be needed to support nonchoosers. Findings also indicate a need for future research on possible approaches that leaders use in different school types that contribute to greater parental empowerment, involvement, and satisfaction.
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Musa, Hussam, and Yaroslav Lysenko. "The impact of various stakeholders on business performance. A literature review." Ekonomika a spoločnosť 23, no. 1 (July 18, 2022): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24040/eas.2022.23.1.125-146.
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We reviewed the current state of thought of scholars of the stakeholder theory and its use in measuring business performance and determining the current state and how it is developed. We choose 6 online databases and the local university library to search articles and books related to the topic between 1984 and 2022. We used a broad set of keywords such as stakeholder management, theory, stakeholder impact, and performance. We made an effort to collect and distinguish the most prominent works and up-to-date research, and in most cases, where the entrepreneur or researcher chose his own framework. The use of this research could be helpful for future works in this area with determining different streams for approaches in management development. As a result of this research, it can be clearly seen that stakeholder engagement principles are universal for use with different types and sizes of businesses to achieve positive financial results. This review could help to tackle ongoing and future economic, societal, and environmental threats.
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Mikulica, Karel, and Iveta Hájková. "VERIFICATION OF THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED AND NATURAL AGGREGATES." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 22 (July 25, 2019): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2019.22.0067.
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In the future, it is planned to use up to 50% of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) for the production of new building structures. This leads us to think about how we can use recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as a substitute for natural aggregate (NA) in concrete mixtures. This is why we compare the two typical representatives of recycled aggregates with a representative of natural aggregates. As a representative of recycled aggregates, we chose pure concrete recycled from the cutting of concrete and mixed recyclate from the demolition of the apartment building. As a representative of natural stone, we chose the extracted aggregate.
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Araújo, Juliana, Sthan Bacelar, and Lisieux Eyer de Jesus. "Family planning among female medical students: are their plans comparable to other professionals?" Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 66, no. 4 (April 2020): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.4.485.
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SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Late pregnancy is a problem among physicians, especially surgeons. This paper studies family planning among Medical Students (MS) and Law students (LS). METHODS A questionnaire was sent to all female MS and LS attending the two last years of University in the first semester of 2019. Data on age, family income, marital status, and family planning (age, planning for future pregnancies, timing, professional relationship or other issues, the ideal moment for a pregnancy, attitude towards eventual pregnancies, or maternity leave) were researched. RESULTS MS were significantly older than LS. A minority of women did not plan future pregnancies (10.6% of MS and 16.4% of LS), for markedly different reasons: 40% of the MS mentioned career plans, while for 70% of LS motherhood was not a personal project. The ages chosen for pregnancy also differed: MS tended to choose older ages. The most important priorities were financial planning and professional career for both groups, but specialization/post-graduation were only cited among MS. Both groups considered that the ideal moment for pregnancy was after professional consolidation in the job market. There were differences between MS that chose a surgical specialty and other MS. DISCUSSION MS tend to go through pregnancy late, especially students planning a surgical career. Professional issues are more influential over MS than LS. Medical educators and health managers must recognize there is a need to reconcile the medical career and motherhood as females represent > 50% of MS in Brasil.
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Yasir Ahmed Khalaf. "" Future visions of the Syrian political system after (2019)"." Tikrit Journal For Political Science 3, no. 29 (September 30, 2022): 313–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjfps.v3i29.162.
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In the midst of the discussion about any political system، we see adherence to the military and police nature، and this is what we are trying to study about the structure of the political system in Syria because the regime chose the path of military security، and during the Syrian crisis the political system overturned because of repression and dependence on it and as a military solution to the regional and international crisis in which the forces cannot reach Regional and international solutions to be agreed upon by the various Syrian political forces. With the means of physical coercion of the regime، political and economic capabilities، as well as international and regional powers that do not support change in Syria and see it as a negative impact on themselves، such as Russia، China، Iran and more recently the United States of America under the Trump and Biden government، this matter shows that the survival of the regime is the only and conditional solution.
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Hilleman, Maurice R. "Past, Present, and Future of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccines." Pediatrics 90, no. 1 (July 1, 1992): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.90.1.149.
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It is a real pleasure for me to speak on this memorable occasion. Dr Saul Krugman is now entering his ninth decade while enjoying the world status of senior statesman! Saul and I have collaborated often during the last three of these decades. In the studies of new vaccines in our laboratories, our first clinical probes were made in cooperative studies with the late Dr Joseph Stokes and his colleagues and successors at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Following such initial phase, Dr Krugman received the vaccines for expanded clinical studies. Hence, he has been an indispensible clinical partner in most of the new viral vaccine developments in our laboratories during the past 30 years. In discussions with Dr Wade Parks, I was advised that I might speak on any subject I choose. I chose to talk about the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (M-M-R), a topic that has occupied Dr Krugman for nearly three decades and that is receiving renewed attention in the worlds of pediatrics and public health at the present time. This being a festive occasion, I feel I should keep it light. Therefore, I want to emphasize the science, but also to recount some of the less well-known "behind-the-scenes" activities that led to the creation and birth of M-M-R. There were lessons learned that might provide historic insight into problems that can be avoided in the future. MEASLES Measles vaccine began when the late Dr John Enders and Dr Samuel Katz and their coworkers developed and tested their Edmonston strain of attenuated live measles virus.1
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He, Haihuai. "Analysis of the Reasons of Public High School Students in United States Choosing Chinese as a Foreign Language – The Case of Nevada." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 12, no. 06 (June 27, 2017): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v12i06.7092.
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The research focuses on the motivations of US’s high school students chose Chinese as a secondary language study programme from multiple aspects: the future career considerations, Chinese population growth, and the personal interests. The current Chinese language learning statistics have been given as further references in terms of questionnaire findings.
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Inukollu, Pranadeep Reddy, Divya Solipuram, Anna Sunny, Aravind Kothagadi, and Deeksha Pandey. "A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude and practice towards contraception among medical students in a tertiary care center of coastal Karnataka, India." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2021.041.
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High rates of unplanned pregnancies are due to continued gaps in awareness and access to contraception. An exemplary health care infrastructure would play a major role in resolving this issue. To investigate knowledge, attitude and practice towards contraception among medical students in a tertiary care center of Karnataka. A cross-sectional study was conducted including 100 undergraduate medical students during September 2018 to February 2019 using predesigned questionnaire on contraception and analyzed using percentages. Nearly 93% of students chose condom as best way to prevent sexually transmitted infections and 47% chose emergency contraceptive pills as risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. Failure rates of natural methods was 20-25% according to 33% of the students. Majority of participants believed that both sexes have equal responsibility for contraception and chose intrauterine contraceptive devices as best contraception for nulliparous women. Oral contraceptive pills had least failure rates as per 70% of the subjects compared to diaphragm, condom or natural methods. Irregular bleeding was considered as most common side effect of oral contraceptives by half of participants while 91% thought condoms were best for couples who were not regularly sexually active. Around 84% of undergraduates preferred to consult a doctor for contraceptive advice and were comfortable discussing contraception with partner. Overall, students had reasonably good knowledge on contraception. Similar studies in future would pave the way for upgrading current health curriculum to strengthen knowledge base of future clinicians.
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Boeckle, M., M. Schiestl, A. Frohnwieser, R. Gruber, R. Miller, T. Suddendorf, R. D. Gray, A. H. Taylor, and N. S. Clayton. "New Caledonian crows plan for specific future tool use." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1938 (November 4, 2020): 20201490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1490.
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The ability to plan for future events is one of the defining features of human intelligence. Whether non-human animals can plan for specific future situations remains contentious: despite a sustained research effort over the last two decades, there is still no consensus on this question. Here, we show that New Caledonian crows can use tools to plan for specific future events. Crows learned a temporal sequence where they were (a) shown a baited apparatus, (b) 5 min later given a choice of five objects and (c) 10 min later given access to the apparatus. At test, these crows were presented with one of two tool–apparatus combinations. For each combination, the crows chose the right tool for the right future task, while ignoring previously useful tools and a low-value food item. This study establishes that planning for specific future tool use can evolve via convergent evolution, given that corvids and humans shared a common ancestor over 300 million years ago, and offers a route to mapping the planning capacities of animals.
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Severe, Jennifer, Ruiqi Tang, Faith Horbatch, Regina Onishchenko, Vidisha Naini, and Mary Carol Blazek. "Factors Influencing Patients’ Initial Decisions Regarding Telepsychiatry Participation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Telephone-Based Survey." JMIR Formative Research 4, no. 12 (December 22, 2020): e25469. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25469.
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Background Telepsychiatry enables patients to establish or maintain psychiatric care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about the factors influencing patients’ initial decisions to participate in telepsychiatry in the midst of a public health crisis. Objective This paper seeks to examine factors influencing patients’ initial decisions to accept or decline telepsychiatry immediately after the stay-at-home order in Michigan, their initial choice of virtual care modality (video or telephone), and their anticipated participation in telepsychiatry once clinics reopen for in-person visits. Methods Between June and August 2020, we conducted a telephone-based survey using a questionnaire comprising 14 quantitative and two qualitative items as part of a quality improvement initiative. We targeted patients who had an in-person appointment date that fell in the first few weeks following the Michigan governor’s stay-at-home order, necessitating conversion to virtual visits or deferment of in-person care. We used descriptive statistics to report individual survey responses and assess the association between chosen visit type and patient characteristics and future participation in telepsychiatry using multivariable logistic regression. Results A total of 244 patients whose original in-person appointments were scheduled within the first 3 weeks of the stay-at-home order in Michigan completed the telephone survey. The majority of the 244 respondents (n=202, 82.8%) initially chose to receive psychiatric care through video visits, while 13.5% (n=33) chose telephone visits and 1.2% (n=3) decided to postpone care until in-person visit availability. Patient age correlated with chosen visit type (P<.001; 95% CI 0.02-0.06). Patients aged ≥44 years were more likely than patients aged 0-44 years to opt for telephone visits (relative risk reduction [RRR] 1.2; 95% CI 1.06-1.35). Patient sex (P=.99), race (P=.06), type of insurance (P=.08), and number of previous visits to the clinic (P=.63) were not statistically relevant. Approximately half of the respondents (114/244, 46.7%) stated they were likely to continue with telepsychiatry even after in-person visits were made available. Telephone visit users were less likely than video visit users to anticipate future participation in telepsychiatry (RRR 1.08; 95% CI 0.97-1.2). Overall, virtual visits met or exceeded expectations for the majority of users. Conclusions In this cohort, patient age correlates with the choice of virtual visit type, with older adults more likely to choose telephone visits over video visits. Understanding challenges to patient-facing technologies can help advance health equity and guide best practices for engaging patients and families through telehealth.
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Ezequiel, Oscarina da Silva, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Alessandra Lamas Granero Lucchetti, Maria Helena Senger, Lucas Braga, Rafael Lacerda, Marlon Filippo, Fernando Colugnati, Danette McKinley, and Eliana Amaral. "Geographical distribution of medical graduates from a public university." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 63, no. 6 (June 2017): 512–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.63.06.512.
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Summary Objective: To evaluate the geographic distribution and career trajectory of medical graduates and the factors associated with their choice of practice location. Method: A cross-sectional study involving graduates from December 2001 to December 2010 was conducted. A self-administered questionnaire collected demographics and geographic information (place of birth, place of residence at the time of medical school admission, place of residency training and practice location), and reason for choosing the current location. Statistical analyses assessed trends in geographic distribution of graduates, and identified factors associated with location choice (through the population density of the location chosen for professional practice). Results: A total of 563 graduates completed the questionnaire. Of those, 4.3% (n=24) reported family medicine as their medical specialty, 19.9% (n=112) reported other primary care specialties (internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery and obstetrics-gynecology) and the others chose subspecialties. Larger cities were more likely to be chosen for practice, particularly for newly-graduated doctors. Job invitations received during medical residency training increased the likelihood of choosing high-populated cities. In contrast, job invitations received during medical school increased the likelihood of choosing cities less populated. Amongst those in cities with lower population density, proximity to family members was an additional influencing factor; those who chose more densely populated cities did so because of better infrastructure and recreational options. Conclusion: Most of the physicians included in this study pursue subspecialties training and were practicing medicine in large cities. Knowing the multiple factors that influenced the choice of practice location can assist in planning future strategies to reduce physician workforce misdistribution.
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Uzarevic, Zvonimir, Zrinka Ivanisevic, Matej Karl, Marina Tukara, Dora Karl, and Marko Matijevic. "Knowledge on Pre-Hospital Emergency Management of Tooth Avulsion among Croatian Students of the Faculty of Education." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 7159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197159.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge regarding tooth avulsion and dental first aid response among Croatian students of the Faculty of Education. A cross-sectional study was conducted among students. Participants (N = 235) were female with an average age of 21.9 ± 2.7 years. The questionnaire contained 10 close-ended questions with two to eleven possible answers. Every participant chose one correct answer. Statistical significance was determined using a Chi-square test. Majority of participants had never received any kind of information on management of a knocked-out tooth. Questions in the nature of tooth injuries, a knocked-out tooth, tooth replantation and whether the knocked-out tooth should be placed back were answered confirmatively by 40.43%, 83.40%, 57.02% and 62.55% of participants, respectively. The questionnaire showed that 18.78% of participants were aware that replantation should be performed within 30 min. The appropriate cleaning and transport medium was chosen by 40.85% and 35.31% of participants, respectively. A nearby dentist would be visited by 66.38% of students. Only 8.08% of participants provided a correct answer to all of the knowledge-based questions. The “I do not know” answer was chosen by 18.30% of participants whenever it was offered. This indicates that the majority (89.78%) were not aware of the fact that the procedure they chose would be inappropriate. The current study confirmed that future primary school teachers have a lack of knowledge for immediate response to tooth avulsion, leaving small chances for a successful prognosis of tooth replantation.
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Faro, Inês. "La forme de la chose-à‑venir : les aventures du langage de Wilfred Bion et de Serge Doubrovsky." Filigrane 30, no. 1 (November 22, 2021): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1083927ar.
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Dans cet article, j’examine les expériences que Wilfred R. Bion et Serge Doubrovsky font de l’autofiction en s’appuyant tous deux sur la théorie et la méthode psychanalytiques. Je soutiens que dans A Memoir of the Future (1979) de Bion et Fils (1977) de Doubrovsky, les auteurs remettent en question le potentiel du langage et de la forme littéraire pour explorer l’effet de l’expérience émotionnelle dans la formation des pensées (Bion) et du moi (Doubrovsky). La question à laquelle cet article tente de répondre est la suivante : comment articulent-ils et reproduisent-ils par l’écriture des engagements subjectifs avec l’activité psychanalytique alors que ce même processus est en constante évolution ? Pour ce faire, je me concentre sur la génétique et l’esthétique de A Memoir of the Future et Fils. Dans la première partie de cet article, j’aborde deux événements de la vie des auteurs et leur impact sur les deux oeuvres à l’étude, soit le trauma de guerre et l’expérience d’exil. J’analyse dans un second temps la manière dont Bion et Doubrovsky incarnent différentes épistémologies psychanalytiques, pour élaborer enfin les implications de celles-ci sur l’esthétique et la poétique de leurs oeuvres d’autofiction.
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Mattu, Hibur Wanti. "Semua Orang Dipilih-Nya Dari Semula: Eksegese Kitab Roma 8:28-30." KAMASEAN: Jurnal Teologi Kristen 1, no. 1 (June 28, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34307/kamasean.v1i1.7.
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In Romans 8: 28-30 it states that God chose. This arises the mistaken understanding that if God has chosen from the beginning, then there are those who are chosen and those who are not. Then, how does God's understanding choose people from the beginning? If so, are the good deeds of the believer still relevant? does the Great Commission still apply to believers? Therefore, the purpose of this writing is to seek the meaning of all the people He chose from the beginning in Romans 8: 28-30. This writing uses a qualitative writing method with a type of exegesis approach, namely Grammatical-context study. Grammatical means to examine the phrase all the people He chose from the beginning in Romans 8: 28-30. The intended context analysis is to link each analyzed word to the context in which the word is located. The findings of this writing which are related to being chosen in the Book of Romans are that the election of God from the beginning was an act of God long before all were made who knew humans and chose who would receive Christ and His glory. This calling occurs according to and based on God's purpose. God's call for believers is for a certain purpose or plan. The call is for believers to be like Christ and share in His glory and contribute well to God's plan. The purpose of the call is to accept the justification of the mistakes and sins that have been done. All sins and mistakes will be blotted out by the blood of Jesus, as a justification for His death, and His resurrection that has sacrificed for those who believe in Him. The Last is glorified. This is God's future action where He frees believers from every aspect of sin, at His second coming. This process requires all believers to be like Jesus Christ. Dalam Kitab Roma 8:28-30 menyatakan tentang Allah memilih. Hal ini muncul pemahaman yang keliru bahwa jika Allah telah memilih dari semula, maka ada yang terpilih dan ada yang tidak terpilih. Lalu, bagaimana pemahaman tentang Allah memilih orang-orang dari semula? Jika demikian, apakah perbuatan baik orang percaya masih relevan? apakah amanat agung masih berlaku bagi orang percaya? oleh karena itu, tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mencari makna semua orang dipilih-Nya dari semula dalam kitab Roma 8:28-30. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penulisan kualitatif dengan jenis pendekatan eksegese yakni kajian gramatikal-konteks. Gramatikal maksudnya adalah mengkaji frasa semua orang dipilih-Nya dari semula dalam kitab Roma 8:28-30. Analisa konteks yang dimaksudkan adalah menghubungkan setiap kata yang dianalisa terhadap konteks di mana kata itu berada. Temuan-temuan dari penulisan ini yang terkait dengan dipilih dalam kitab Roma adalah bahwa pemilihan Allah dari semula merupakan suatu tindakan Allah jauh sebelum semuanya dijadikan yang telah mengenal manusia dan memilih siapa yang akan menerima Kristus dan kemuliaanNya. Panggilan ini terjadi sesuai dengan dan berdasarkan tujuan Allah. Panggilan Allah bagi orang-orang percaya adalah untuk tujuan atau rencana tertentu. Panggilan tersebut agar orang percaya menjadi serupa seperti Kristus dan ikut ambil bagian dalam kemuliaan-Nya, dan berkontribusi baik dalam rencana Allah. Maksud panggilan itu adalah menerima pembenaran dari kesalahan-kesalahan dan dosa yang telah diperbuat. Segala dosa dan kesalahan akan dihapuskan oleh darah Yesus, sebagai pembenaran atas kematianNya, dan kebangkitanNya yang telah berkorban bagi mereka yang percaya kepadaNya. Terakhir dimuliakan. Ini adalah tindakan Allah di masa depan di mana Ia membebaskan orang percaya dari setiap aspek dosa, pada kedatangan-Nya kedua kali. Proses ini menuntut semua orang percaya untuk serupa dengan Yesus Kristus.
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Schuldt, Anna-Livia, Holger Kirsten, Jan Tuennemann, Mario Heindl, Florian van Bommel, Juergen Feisthammel, Marcus Hollenbach, and Albrecht Hoffmeister. "Necessity of transnasal gastroscopy in routine diagnostics: a patient-centred requirement analysis." BMJ Open Gastroenterology 6, no. 1 (April 2019): e000264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2018-000264.
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IntroductionNumerous indications require regular upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (oesophagogastroduodenoscopy; EGD) in outpatients. In most cases, peroral gastroscopy is performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the need of transnasal gastroscopy (nEGD) in outpatients.MethodsA questionnaire was used to assess patients’ preferred choice of method, previous experience with EGD, psychological aspects and sociodemographic data. Furthermore, patient satisfaction with and potentially perceived discomfort during the examination as well as preference for a method in regard to future examinations was evaluated.ResultsFrom September 2016 to March 2017, a total of 283 outpatients at endoscopy of the University Hospital of Leipzig were approached to participate in the study. 196 patients were eligible, of whom 116 (60%) chose nEGD. For 87 patients (87/283, 31%) nEGD had to be excluded for medical reasons. The average age in the total sample was 53 (±17) years. 147 (77%) have had previous experience with peroral EGD (oEGD). Of the nEGD examined patients 83% were fairly up to extremely satisfied with the procedure. Satisfaction significantly predicted the choice of future EGD examinations. Nasal pain experienced during nEGDs was associated with rejection of nEGD in further EGD examinations (p<0.01). Patients who did choose a specific procedure were more likely to select the same procedure as their future preference (χ²= 73.6, df=1, p<0.001); this preference was unaffected by the procedure that had been chosen previously (reselecting nEGD: 84%, oEGD: 89%, p=0.874).ConclusionnEGD without sedation is a viable alternative. Patient satisfaction with nEGD is high, and reselection rate for nEGD is similar to that for oEGD. As a result of this study nEGD is now offered as a routine procedure at the University of Leipzig.Trial registration numberNCT03663491.
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Weinfeld, Michael Seth, Priyanka Vinod Chablani, Natalie Marie Reizine, Walter Michael Stadler, and Karine Tawagi. "Evaluation of provider preferences in first-line metastatic cisplatin-ineligible urothelial carcinoma in the setting of platinum shortages." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2024): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.4_suppl.576.
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576 Background: Standard of care for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who are ineligible to receive cisplatin has been gemcitabine and carboplatin (gem/carbo), and more recently followed by maintenance therapy with avelumab. Combination pembrolizumab (pembro) and the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin (EV) has shown very promising results and is now approved for first-line therapy in cisplatin-ineligible patients based on the phase Ib/II EV-103 trial. We were interested in assessing providers’ decision-making between gem/carbo and EV/pembro based on perceived comparative response rates and toxicity profiles, as well as the nationwide platinum chemotherapy shortage in 2023. Methods: We sent a 10-question encrypted electronic survey centered on a scenario of a mUC case to 150 oncologists via email listservs and social media. Results: We received 45 responses: 7 oncologists (15.6%) chose gem/carbo, 15 (33.3%) chose EV/pembro, and a majority, 23 (51.5%) chose to discuss both options with patients. 40 (88.9%) were academic or disease focused and 5 (11.1%) described their practice as general oncology. Of oncologists who chose gem/carbo, the most common reasons were: gem/carbo has more long-term data (86.6%) and lack of phase 3 data for EV/pembro (71.4%). Of oncologists who chose EV/pembro, the most common reasons were: higher response rates (86.7%) followed by the carboplatin shortage (40%). Only 6.7% chose the carboplatin shortage as the main reason while 73.3% chose higher response rates as the main reason. Of oncologists who chose to discuss both, the most common reasons why they would consider EV/pembro were: higher response rates (82.6%), followed by patient preference (56.5%), followed by the carboplatin shortage (43.5%). 60.9% chose higher response rates as the main reason why they would consider EV/pembro. Conclusions: This questionnaire-based study of predominantly academic genitourinary oncologists suggests that the majority would consider EV/pembro as a first-line treatment for cisplatin-ineligible patients with mUC. The primary reason for this choice was the belief that it has higher response rates, as opposed to the national shortage of carboplatin or concerns regarding toxicity. We anticipate that the awaited results of the EV-302 trial in the coming months will also change the treatment landscape of mUC. However, similar issues may be relevant in the future for other treatment decisions in which incomplete information is available or with ongoing chemotherapy shortages.
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Banerjee, Sunanda, and Vladimir Ivanchenko. "Validation of Physics Models of Geant4 Versions 10.4.p03, 10.6.p02 and 10.7.p01 using Data from the CMS Experiment." EPJ Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125103010.
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CMS tuned its simulation program and chose a specific physics model of Geant4 by comparing the simulation results with dedicated test beam experiments. Test beam data provide measurements of energy response of the calorimeter as well as resolution for well identified charged hadrons over a large energy region. CMS continues to validate the physics models using the test beam data as well as collision data from the Large Hadron Collider. Isolated charged particles are measured simultaneously in the tracker as well as in the calorimeters. These events are selected using dedicated triggers and are used to measure the response in the calorimeter. Different versions of Geant4 (10.2.p02, 10.4.p03, 10.6.p02) have been used by CMS for its Monte Carlo production and a new version (10.7.p01) is now chosen for future productions. A suitable physics list (collection of physics models) is chosen by optimizing performance against accuracy. A detailed comparison between data and Geant4 predictions is presented in this paper.
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Özbek Güven, Gamze, Feyza İnceoğlu, Furkan Özdemir, and Osman Sinan Bakır. "Burnout and professional commitment in medical faculty students in Türkiye: A cross-sectional analysis." Research and Development in Medical Education 12 (October 26, 2023): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/rdme.2023.33127.
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Background: Burnout is a stress-related syndrome that affects medical students. Certain environmental and personal factors can contribute to the onset of burnout and lead to serious consequences such as dropping out of school, sleep disorders, depression, and even suicide. Professional commitment is a personal characteristic that positively influences burnout. Methods: This research was conducted to determine the differentiation of burnout levels among medical school students based on certain variables and examine the impact of professional commitment on burnout. The research sample consisted of a total of 130 individuals studying of Medical Faculty in Türkiye. Descriptive and correlational research techniques, including survey models, were utilized in the study. Data were collected through online platforms and face-to-face surveys. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: The research findings revealed that male students had higher depersonalization scores than female students (P<0.05). Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores were found to be higher among students with poor academic performance (P<0.017), those who did not choose medical school willingly (P<0.017), and those who chose medical school due to family pressure (P<0.05). Among female students, those who chose medical school willingly and those who chose it as their dream profession had higher scores of professional commitment. As professional commitment scores increased, burnout scale scores and their subscales, including exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate a relationship between professional commitment and burnout, suggesting that professional commitment can reduce burnout levels. This highlights the importance of increasing the level of professional commitment among medical students, who are future physicians. Strengthening students’ commitment to their profession can decrease the risk of burnout and improve the quality of healthcare services.
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Tregua, Marco, and Anna D'Auria. "One More Tweet: Firms Challenge a Sustainable Future." puntOorg International Journal 5, no. 2 (2020): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19245/25.05.pij.5.2.6.
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In the last decades, researchers have been provided with a huge amount of data thanks to the diffusion of online sources. Additionally, more companies are issuing reports and documents to share information with stakeholders about their sustainable approach to both strengthen and encourage people to adopt a similar approach. To support researchers in managing the increasing quantity of information, several tools have been provided for text mining studies, such as sentiment analysis, semantic analysis, and content analysis. We proposed to analyse the usefulness of automated and semi-automated techniques on a dataset composed of more than 875,000 tweets posted by the companies that Forbes (2020) considers to be the most sustainable. We chose to focus on sustainability because it is a topic of interest to the global community, as revealed by the significant amount of attention that companies are paying to it. In detail, we performed a double-step analysis: firstly, a comparison between exact words and stemmed words; secondly, a description of communication efforts and topics that firms opted for when dealing with sustainability. Our expected contribution is mainly methodological, as we provide suggestions regarding the advantages of performing the analysis in one of the two ways, while the research context offers insights into sustainability
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McGee, Richard, and Jill L. Keller. "Identifying Future Scientists: Predicting Persistence into Research Training." CBE—Life Sciences Education 6, no. 4 (December 2007): 316–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.07-04-0020.
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This study used semistructured interviews and grounded theory to look for characteristics among college undergraduates that predicted persistence into Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. training. Participants in the summer undergraduate and postbaccalaureate research programs at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine were interviewed at the start, near the end, and 8–12 months after their research experience. Of more than 200 themes considered, five characteristics predicted those students who went on to Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. training or to M.D. training intending to do research: 1) Curiosity to discover the unknown, 2) Enjoyment of problem solving, 3) A high level of independence, 4) The desire to help others indirectly through research, and 5) A flexible, minimally structured approach to the future. Web-based surveys with different students confirmed the high frequency of curiosity and/or problem solving as the primary reason students planned research careers. No evidence was found for differences among men, women, and minority and nonminority students. Although these results seem logical compared with successful scientists, their constancy, predictive capabilities, and sharp contrast to students who chose clinical medicine were striking. These results provide important insights into selection and motivation of potential biomedical scientists and the early experiences that will motivate them toward research careers.
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Prasetyo, Widi s., Fernando Nababan, Ani Teguh Purwanto, and Daniel Ari Wibowo. "Soteriological Studies About The Concept Of Choice God According To Romans 9:6-16." Journal KERUGMA 3, no. 2 (October 20, 2020): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33856/kerugma.v3i2.196.
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God acts to choose a person or group and within a larger community, for a purpose or future of His own choosing. The main OT word for this word is bak-har (bak-har), which means to choose someone or something carefully, after carefully considering other possibilities. This word includes the mind, is very fond of the chosen thing, and sometimes receives pleasure from it. In the LXX and the NT the verb which corresponds to ba-khar is eklegomai. In ancient Greek this language was usually used in an active sense, and the biblical writers used it in a form meaning to choose for himself. (Hareomai) Haireomai, used of God's election in 2 Thess 2:13, and in Deut. 26:18 LXX, with the same meaning.
The Hebrew verb (yada) (yada), meaning to know which is used for various ways of knowing, at least in the mind, containing and expressing love such as sexual relations, or confession on the part of one who believes in God is used in Gen. 18:19; Hos 13:5 concerning the election of God means knowing God in love. Likewise, the Greek word proginosko meaning “to know beforehand” is translated “He chose” in Romans 8:29.Election is a fully sovereign act of God; Allah is in no way obligated to choose anyone because everyone has lost his position before Allah. Even after Christ's death, God was still under no obligation to carry out salvation. Except that He had to keep the agreement He had made with Christ regarding the salvation of mankind. So, God's election is a fully sovereign act because there is no coercion from anyone.