Journal articles on the topic 'Choosing foreign markets'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Choosing foreign markets.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Choosing foreign markets.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Zif, Jehiel. "Choosing the Rate of Global Market Expansion by Entrepreneurial Firms." International Journal of Business Administration 11, no. 4 (June 10, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v11n4p13.
Full textAbstract:
This paper outlines a rational for assessing the rate of global market expansion by entrepreneurial firms. Many entrepreneurial firms are dependent for their success on global market expansion. This is especially true about firms from relatively small countries. One can conceive of two major and opposing strategies for market expansion: market diversification and market concentration. The first strategy implies a fast penetration into a large number of markets in order to achieve fast growth and a first mover advantage. The second strategy is based on concentration of resources in a few markets and gradual expansion into new territories in order to test the response before committing too much effort. The paper is updating prior work on market expansion, taking into account entrepreneurial firms in the digital age. Firms with digital products don’t have to depend on foreign distribution networks and they have new opportunities for fast entry into foreign markets. We propose a concise framework for determining the preferred rate of market expansion utilizing two key variables: the potential response function of customers and the complexity of the product. The paper include a discussion of ways to assess customers’ response to entrepreneurial innovation and additional factors that can influence the market expansion decision.
2
Efimova, Olga, Sergey Vakulenko, Petr Kurenkov, Naida Magomedova, and Elena Rudakova. "Selection of schemes for delivery of foreign trade cargoes using digital technologies." MATEC Web of Conferences 334 (2021): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133401018.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the problem of transport management in all types of communication in the context of digitalization. Possible schemes of interaction between the subjects of the transport services market and various modes of transport in foreign trade transportations in mixed messages are presented. It is recommended that when choosing a route for transport and freight flows, take into account all types of interaction and coordination of activities of various types of transport, as well as subjects of transport and other markets.
3
Alcantara, Lailani Laynesa, and Hitoshi Mitsuhashi. "Too many to handle? Two types of multimarket contacts and entry decisions." Management Decision 53, no. 2 (March 16, 2015): 354–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-03-2014-0125.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how firms with multimarket contacts in both product and geographic markets make foreign direct investments (FDI) location choices and to advance the understanding about how managers with cognitive limits cope with opportunities to take the advantage of mutual forbearance in two types of markets. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing upon the literatures on multimarket contact and decision making, the authors develop original hypotheses on how multimarket contacts in two types of markets influence firms’ choice of destination for foreign investments. The authors test the hypotheses using longitudinal archival data on foreign market entries of Japanese auto parts makers. Findings – The authors find that when choosing FDI locations, firms reduce the cognitive burdens of coping with multimarket contacts in the two types of markets by focussing exclusively on what is perceived as relevant to the decision at hand. The authors also find that this propensity is particularly significant for large firms, whereas small firms use different decision rules and avoid entering markets with the greater degree of multimarket contact with prior entrants, whether in product or national market. Practical implications – Although heuristics simplify competitive environments and reduce managers’ cognitive burdens, such a cost-saving orientation could increase the risk associated with international entry that may end in severe counterattacks from prior entrants, wasteful foreign investments, and substantial entry failures. Originality/value – This study contributes to the literature by adopting multimarket contact theory to foreign market entry, jointly analyzing two types of multimarket contacts, testing three alternative hypotheses about how boundedly rational managers cope with multimarket contacts in two markets, and demonstrating that managers focus on multimarket contacts only in one type of markets when making entry decisions.
4
Bubnova, Galina V., Olga V. Efimova, Irina V. Karapetyants, and Petr V. Kurenkov. "Digitalization of intellectualization of logistics of intermodal and multimodal transport." MATEC Web of Conferences 236 (2018): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823602013.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, the problem of managing various types of transportation under digitalization conditions is considered. Possible schemes of interaction between the subjects of the transport services market and various modes of transport under foreign trade are presented. It is recommended to take into account all types of interaction and coordination of activities of different modes of transport, as well as transport and other markets, when choosing a route for transport and freight flows.
5
Hubarieva, I., and V. Rudyka. "ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND TRENDS OF THE WORLD AND UKRAINE OIL MARKET DEVELOPMENTS." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 1 (2019): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2019.1-11.
Full textAbstract:
The article assesses the state and defines the main tendencies of the development of the world and Ukrainian oil markets. Analysis of trends in the development of the world and domestic oil markets was carried out on the basis of data describing both stocks and production, and consumption of oil, as well as production from it and consumption of petroleum products, taking into account foreign economic relations of the country. The regional structure of world production, consumption, export and import of oil is estimated. The assessment of the state and trends of the world and Ukrainian oil markets is the basis for choosing the priority directions of ensuring Ukraine's energy security. Key words: oil, oil market, fuel and energy resources, regional structure, development
6
Klute-Wenig, Sandra, Svenja Rebsch, Hartmut Holzmüller, and Robert Refflinghaus. "Improving the selection of international distribution partners by using quality management methods." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 9, no. 3/4 (September 18, 2017): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-03-2017-0022.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The importance of international markets has increased in the past years and will further increase in the future. This offers potential for being competitive, but especially for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is going along with a variety of risks, e.g. the competition in the domestic market intensifies. Nevertheless, in most cases, SMEs with foreign operations are more successful than SME operating solely in the domestic markets. Nevertheless, the internationalization activities of SME are often unsystematic and emotional, especially when looking for distribution partners. The research project “Empirical based development of an instrument for identifying and making decisions about the choice of market entry and the selection of distribution partners of SME of the tool and cutlery industry when developing foreign markets” deals with this topic. In this paper the results of a literature review and an expert discussion regarding market development and especially the process of finding distribution partners for foreign markets are presented. Also, further steps in the project dealing with aspects of realizing the detected success factors by using quality management methods are explained. Design/methodology/approach The first step comprises a literature review and an expert discussion with leading managers of SME, with the aim to receive information about market entry decisions and selection of distribution partners. Therefore, a literature review and an expert discussion with leading managers of SME are carried out. The discussions are evaluated with MAXQDA©, a software for qualitative data analysis. Next, a questionnaire is designed for a quantitative analysis of the topic and will be evaluated by using SMART-PLS. Then, the results will be used as input variable for a quality function deployment for identifying appropriate measures for implementing the prior identified success factors. Thereby, also quality management methods and techniques will be used for finding the “right” measures. In this context, also a method for selecting distribution partners will be developed which is based on the logic of supplier evaluation. Finally, an Excel-based tool will be developed which includes the results of the project and allows companies easily applying them. Findings A literature review and an expert discussion within the tool and cutlery industry have been carried out and analysed. Thereby, the need for action regarding the selection of distribution partners has been revealed as essential step for success in foreign markets. Literature mostly deals with aspects like choosing appropriate countries for market entry and market entry strategy but not with distribution partners. Expert discussion also has shown that choosing distribution partners is often managed with gut feel. It lacks a criteria-based approach for optimizing this step during the internalization process. Originality/value Finding adequate distribution partners for a successful entry into foreign markets has not been investigated thoroughly yet. The project offers insights into determining factors for the selection process and improves the distribution partner selection by using quality management methods, for instance, by adapting the fundamental procedure of supplier assessment for distribution partner assessment.
7
El-Higzi, Faiza. "Foreign Market Selection Factors in the Australian Construction Services Sector." Construction Economics and Building 2, no. 1 (November 15, 2012): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v2i1.2891.
Full textAbstract:
A survey of Australian construction companies is described, aimed at identifying the mainfactors considered when choosing foreign markets for their international activities. Thishighlights the importance of the host country’s economic, political and structural factors,the interplay of company motivations for expansion and the availability of a relevant constructionproject. Other factors influence a company’s approach to overseas operations,but do not significantly affect the choice of country. Also identified is a need to improvegovernment approaches to construction service expansion to other countries, with a focuson specific projects and policy regulations to assist the industry, and to build closer relationsbetween construction companies and financial institutions.
8
Panibratov, Andrei. "Russian Restaurant with Japanese Cuisine Makes Foreign Markets' Selection: The Case of Two Sticks." Asian Case Research Journal 16, no. 02 (December 2012): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927512500149.
Full textAbstract:
The case considers the problem of the expansion strategy of the Russian Japanese restaurant Dve Palochki (Two Sticks). The focus of the case is the exploration of the regional and international opportunities for the company, particularly the Chinese market. This case is recommended for discussion in study groups in an international business strategy course when considering the following issues: choosing a foreign market entry strategy; internationalization of SME; the marketing and HR policy of a firm that is in the process of initial internationalization. This case is intended for analysis of the decisions a medium-sized enterprise's management has to make regarding its foreign expansion. Students are expected to examine the problems linked to quality management, the development of marketing activities, the adjustment of the brand concept, and the organizational restructuring. The analysis can be carried out with the following aims: to evaluate the business environment of newly internationalizing firms in the Japanese restaurant sector as it exists today in the Russian market; to realize the perspectives and difficulties of working in developing and developed markets for a firm in the process of internationalization; to carry out comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of foreign strategies based on strong marketing and HR policies; to examine the promotion process of the restaurant in Russia and evaluate the options for implementing its principles in new overseas locations.
9
Щепеткова and D. Shchepetkova. "The Role of Cross-cultural Analysis in Choosing the International Marketing Strategy of Adaptation or Standardization." Economics of the Firm 2, no. 3 (February 4, 2014): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2497.
Full textAbstract:
Nowadays most of the companies successfully sell goods by crossing the
borders of the domestic country. However international corporations often
face problems, connected with cultural differences in consumer behavior as
well as distinctions in their perception of foreign products. Thus, for achieving
the success on the international markets, a company should take precise
actions before launching a new product, selecting appropriate marketing
strategies and carrying out cross-cultural marketing research.
10
Tanasiichuk, Alona, Olha Hromova, Anastasiia Abdullaieva, Yulia Holovchuk, and Kateryna Sokoliuk. "Strategy of Internationalization by Ukrainian Meat Producers’ Implementation." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n1p339.
Full textAbstract:
Scientific and methodical approaches to the definition of international markets for implementation of the strategy of internationalization by Ukrainian meat producers' have been developed, choosing strategy of internationalization by Ukrainian meat producers procedure has been determined, a system of indicators has been developed to assess the marketing appeal of new international markets for Ukrainian meat producers. According to the analysis of practical aspects results of the agrarian enterprise and its associations functioning, a scientific and methodical approach to the integrated assessment of the business environment of international markets attractiveness’ for Ukrainian meat producers by the product group "0207 Poultry Meat" was developed. The proposed approach is based on applying summing up the ranks to rank foreign markets according to the system of dynamic indicators method, which allowed determining the marketing attractiveness of the new international markets for the activity of Ukrainian meat producers in these markets. As a result of the proposed approach application, foreign markets have been identified that demonstrate favorable conditions for doing business with Ukrainian meat producers. It has been proved that the markets of Denmark and Finland have demonstrated favorable conditions for doing business with them, which testifies that internationalization of Ukrainian meat producers’ strategy should be aimed at the formation of future outlines of new markets in the direction which is beneficial to them.
Keywords: international business activities, internationalization strategies, attractiveness of international markets marketing, a system of indicators for assessing the marketing attractiveness of new international markets.
11
Klimova, L. "Analysis of the work of the commodity distribution network of JSC “Mogotex” and choosing a strategy for interacting with intermediaries." E-Management 3, no. 2 (August 29, 2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-3445-2020-2-13-21.
Full textAbstract:
With the development of market relations, most domestic enterprises have gained access to new markets, including external ones. The study and development of these markets requires not only time, but also significant financial, labor and organizational resources. Domestic manufacturer deals with a horizontal, geographically dispersed market, where a large number of consumers are present, and creating its own sales network to serve them requires disproportionately high costs in relation to the expected sales volume. Intermediaries, by providing relatively easy and inexpensive access to foreign markets, play an important role in the export of the enterprise’s products and are designed to ensure more efficient movement of goods from producer to consumer, while producers can focus their attention and effort on producing high-quality products that better meet the needs of consumers.An analysis of the distribution network of the open joint stock company “Mogotex” has been conducted in the article, the structure of finished production enterprises through joint ventures and through dealers have been analysed, the analysis of dynamics of sales through distribution network has been performed, the author`s methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of intermediaries, has been сreated, taking into account the opinions of experts from the Marketing Department of the company under study and the weight of the criteria selected for evaluation, based on the developed methodology, depending on the average amount of points collected, the company᾽s intermediaries have been grouped and strategies for interaction with various groups have been selected. For the key intermediaries of the enterprise, the development of a program for their stimulation and support has been proposed.
12
Haryanto, Budhi, Awang Febrianto, and Edi Cahyono. "LIFESTYLE AND CONSUMER PREFERENCES IN CHOOSING LOCAL OR FOREIGN BRANDS: A STUDY OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN SURAKARTA – INDONESIA." Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan 21, no. 1 (April 5, 2019): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/jmk.21.1.75-89.
Full textAbstract:
This study discusses the relationship between lifestyle and individual preferences in choosing local or foreign brands. The sample consisted of 250 people, taken randomly through surveys in several public places in Surakarta - Indonesia, including the department stores, traditional markets, or other public areas, where many people were there and were willing to become research participants. Furthermore, the collected data is processed using factor analysis to reduce lifestyle dimensions, and logistic regression analysis is used to explain the relationship between lifestyle dimensions and preferences in choosing a local brand or foreign brand, in this case represented by Wong Solo Grilled Chicken (WSGC) or Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC).The test results indicate 13 dimensions of lifestyle, and only 5 dimensions are significantly related to brand preference: (1) individuals who have a fashion consciousness lifestyle tend to choose KFC rather than WSGC, (2) individuals with health consciousness lifestyles tend to choose WSGC rather than KFC, (3) individuals with leadership lifestyles tend choosing KFC rather than WSGC, (4) individuals with attentiveness lifestyle tend to choose WSGC rather than KFC, and (5) individuals with extroversion lifestyles tend to choose KFC rather than WSGC. This study also discusses the implications of studies related to the contribution of theory, practitioners, and possibilities for future studies
13
Haryanto, Budhi, Awang Febrianto, and Edi Cahyono. "LIFESTYLE AND CONSUMER PREFERENCES IN CHOOSING LOCAL OR FOREIGN BRANDS: A STUDY OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN SURAKARTA – INDONESIA." Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan 21, no. 1 (April 5, 2019): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/jmk.21.1.74-88.
Full textAbstract:
This study discusses the relationship between lifestyle and individual preferences in choosing local or foreign brands. The sample consisted of 250 people, taken randomly through surveys in several public places in Surakarta - Indonesia, including the department stores, traditional markets, or other public areas, where many people were there and were willing to become research participants. Furthermore, the collected data is processed using factor analysis to reduce lifestyle dimensions, and logistic regression analysis is used to explain the relationship between lifestyle dimensions and preferences in choosing a local brand or foreign brand, in this case represented by Wong Solo Grilled Chicken (WSGC) or Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC).The test results indicate 13 dimensions of lifestyle, and only 5 dimensions are significantly related to brand preference: (1) individuals who have a fashion consciousness lifestyle tend to choose KFC rather than WSGC, (2) individuals with health consciousness lifestyles tend to choose WSGC rather than KFC, (3) individuals with leadership lifestyles tend choosing KFC rather than WSGC, (4) individuals with attentiveness lifestyle tend to choose WSGC rather than KFC, and (5) individuals with extroversion lifestyles tend to choose KFC rather than WSGC. This study also discusses the implications of studies related to the contribution of theory, practitioners, and possibilities for future studies
14
Boroš, Martin, Filip Lenko, and Andrej Velas. "The impact of foreign markets globalization on the price and functionality of electronic access control systems." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 07009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219207009.
Full textAbstract:
Research background: The research, which is the subject of the paper, is based on the global expansion of the use of electronic access control systems using biometric data for user verification. Due to the globalization of products from foreign markets to Slovakia, there is a competition between suppliers. The disadvantage is that organizations that are considering procuring an electronic access control system focus their attention only on its price. Globalization and global use have neglected the skills gap between European, American, and Asian markets. Purpose of the article: The paper will aim to point out, through a case study, the financial and functional differences of electronic access control systems. In the case study, a comparison of three different systems with the possibility of procurement on the European, American, and Asian markets will be performed on the building - administrative building. Methods: The article will mainly use methods such as the global method and the optimization model of the financial plan. As well as a case study, the cooperation of achieved results and analysis of possibilities of foreign markets. Findings & Value added: The results achieved by the paper will be globally usable in the conditions of European countries. These will be the conclusions of a case study that will point to the appropriateness of choosing an electronic access control system using biometric features in a standard office building. We can also consider the creation of a project budget usable for organizations as one of the added values.
15
LOZOVA, T. P. "TRENDS AND PROBLEMS OF LOGISTIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE FRUIT AND FRUIT PRODUCTS MARKET." Economic innovations 21, no. 2(71) (June 20, 2019): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2019.21.2(71).70-82.
Full textAbstract:
Topicality. The market of fruit and berry products plays an important role in ensuring the food security of the state and its regions, has prospects for integration into the world market by introducing new technologies of growing products, choosing optimal irrigation systems, taking into account the peculiarities of organization of processing and storage of products, improving its quality in order to reach foreign markets. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study the current trends in the market development of fruit and berry products of Ukraine, determine the boundaries of the market, its main subjects, competitive advantages and logistical problems of development. Research results. The main parameters of the market of fruit and berry products of Ukraine are analyzed in the article, the main tendencies and logistical problems of development are revealed. In the course of the research the tendency of growth of production in individual sectors of the market, yield and demand for fruit and berry products was established. The author identifies the main logistical problems that hinder the reproductive development of the SNF market, which include: lack of storage facilities in the region, underdevelopment of storage units and sales of products of individual farms, low role of the state, lack of wholesale markets for agricultural products and others. Solving these problems will contribute to the logistical development and expanded reproduction of resources in the sectors of this market. Conclusion. The study substantiates the author's definition of the category "Logistics development of the SNF market", analyzes the main tendencies and logistical problems of development, proposes the basic measures of logistic development of the market, in particular: the creation of cooperatives of sales or processing, the construction of fruit stores in the region, the creation of wholesale markets, the establishment of wholesale markets, connection of individual manufacturers with wholesalers and provide them with a range of marketing services.
16
Grishanov, Gennadii M., Sergey A. Kolychev, and Dmitrii Yu Ivanov. "Simulation modeling of the dynamics of competitive interaction between manufacturers of light-engine aircraft equipment in the conditions of volumetric competition." Vestnik of Samara University. Economics and Management 12, no. 2 (August 5, 2021): 180–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0461-2021-12-2-180-191.
Full textAbstract:
Enterprises of the domestic light-engine aircraft industry are in tough competition both in the domestic and foreign markets. To minimize the risks associated with strategic interaction with participants in these markets, enterprises should form their production programs based on a comprehensive analysis of the competitive environment. Determination of the optimal equilibrium values of the output volumes for each participant does not provide information on the dynamics of the interaction of competitors. In this regard, in order to describe the dynamics of market relations, it becomes necessary to develop a dynamic simulation model for the development of the light aircraft market. The paper considers a dynamic model of the problem of choosing a production program by enterprises producing light aircraft equipment in the duopole market, using a discrete simulation computer model. This model is represented by several algorithms generated in the Simulink software package (Matlab), using the library of standard operators of this package. This model allows to determine the trajectories of changes in the equilibrium values of quantities, prices and gross income. Also, using this model, it is possible to assess the influence of the costs incurred by enterprises on the implementation of the production program, on the results of market interaction, to determine the most significant parameters and, on this basis, to form a decision on the choice of a competitive strategy.
17
LARINA, Y. S. "REASONING OF STRATEGIES OF AGRARIAN SECTOR COMPANIES ON THE BIOENERGY MARKET." Economic innovations 21, no. 2(71) (June 20, 2019): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2019.21.2(71).59-69.
Full textAbstract:
Topicality. As a result of the transformational changes in the agrarian sector of the economy, the market orientation of the agrarian enterprises, which have significant potential for diversification of activities and improvement of the provision of resources on the basis of efficient waste management, is intensified. However, a significant part of such enterprises do not pay sufficient attention to these issues, thus reducing the opportunities for bioenergy development. The problem of choosing a strategy by enterprises in the agrarian sector is relevant due to the need to attract additional resources in the process of growth or diversification of activities, as well as new opportunities for development and ecologization. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical, methodological and practical propositions, which should justify the tools of choice of marketing strategies by enterprises of agrarian sphere on the bioenergy market. The objectives of the article are, first, clarification of the essence of the category "strategy" and their classification; secondly, identification of factors influencing the choice of agribusiness in the growth or diversification strategy; and third, the definition of the stages of selection of such a strategy on the bioenergy market. Research results. Marketing strategy is a key strategy of the enterprise; this is the main direction of development, the market orientation, the generalized model of marketing actions, which allows the company to meet the needs of consumers as much as possible, achieve marketing goals and optimally allocate resources in the process of development of markets. General strategies of enterprises are divided into strategies of growth, stabilization (maintenance of competitive advantages) and reduction. The growth strategy is typical for those businesses whose business is at an initial stage or is rapidly developing. This strategy involves the selection of target segments, increased investment, research and innovation. The natural-climatic, economic, technological and market factors must be taken into account in choosing the growth strategy and / or the strategy of diversifying agricultural enterprises in the bioenergy market. The order of selecting the strategy for the Ansoff matrix is standard. However, it should be borne in mind that in the process of functioning of agricultural enterprises of the branches of plant growing and livestock production waste (shrivelled remnants, husk, manure, etc.) are formed. The presence of such waste in sufficient quantities forms the bionergic potential of the enterprise, which in itself may be the reason for choosing a diversification strategy with access to bioenergy markets. The choice of growth strategy or diversification by agroformations in the bioenergy market should be completed by combining the results of the analysis into one table and assessing the ratio as a whole, describing the opportunities and risks of agri-formation in the implementation of each strategy, selecting the strategy that scored the highest score and then carrying out its verification for using PEST and SWOT analysis tools. Conclusion. The main strategies for the development of agricultural enterprises include growth and diversification strategies. The choice of these strategies in the context of the rapid development of bioenergy markets is based on the consideration of nature and climate, technological, economic and market factors. The algorithm for selecting growth or diversification strategy by agrarian enterprises is standard and based on the Ansoff matrix. However, the sufficient bionergic potential of the enterprise may be the reason for choosing a diversification strategy with access to bioenergy markets. The choice of agribusiness strategy should be completed by verification. The prospects for future research in the development of agrarian sector strategy strategies in the bioenergy market are linked with the specification of strategies based on market research in domestic and foreign markets, the development of investment projects, risk assessment.
18
Voiko, A. V. "Models for Predicting the Probability of Bankruptcy: Applying in Construction Companies." Accounting. Analysis. Auditing 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2021): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2021-8-1-13-23.
Full textAbstract:
The paper examines some foreign and domestic methods of forecasting bankruptcy of enterprises in order to apply them in the largest construction organizations in Russia. The empirical basis of the study is the construction companies that are comparable in size, revenue, and market share. Their annual financial statements preceding the analysis are the information base of calculations. The quality of forecasts has been checked on independent indicators’ calculations of financial analysis, as well as using data from financial markets and share prices under studied companies. The result of the research is the selection of models that gives the most correct forecast of the financial situation of a company in the construction industry. It has been also revealed that models for predicting financial insolvency of enterprises has not been able to assess changes in financial stability in the short term. Therefore, the author compares calculation results with data of financial markets. As a result, it was found that models which demonstrate the greatest predictive ability correlate with the results of independent financial analysis, as well as with data of financial markets regarding the share price dynamics of construction companies. The paper provides recommendations on approaches to choosing models for analyzing the probability of bankruptcy and can be useful for specialists of financial and analytical services to predict the financial insolvency of construction business.
19
Cavusgil, S. Tamer. "Executive Insights: International Partnering—A Systematic Framework for Collaborating with Foreign Business Partners." Journal of International Marketing 6, no. 1 (March 1998): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069031x9800600109.
Full textAbstract:
One consequence of market globalization has been the growing incidence of collaborative ventures among companies from different countries. Small and large, experienced and novice, companies increasingly are choosing partnerships as a way to compete in the global marketplace. Motives for international collaborative ventures are varied and complex, including a desire to leverage resources and assets, retain flexibility, reduce risks, gain speed, and capitalize on each partner's strengths. The systematic framework presented here can be used by managers as a practical, ten-step approach to establishing successful collaborative ventures. The article also discusses four major types of international business partnership—distributor agreements, licensing, franchising, and joint ventures, and highlights key success factors for each. A major player in express package delivery, United Parcel Service (UPS) has been actively globalizing its operations for more than 20 years. The company first entered Canada and Germany and then other markets without a strategic plan or much commitment. The approach was simply enter markets one by one, set up operations, and wait for the market to develop. When available, UPS acquired an existing delivery company in order to get established more quickly. In exploring entry into Japan, UPS encountered a significant challenge. While UPS is competent in distribution and logistic networking, it knew little about the Japanese market and quickly realized that it needed a partner with customs clearance expertise. In a market well known for nontariff trade barriers, UPS also required assistance in deciphering the complex legal, structural, and political environment. A local partner would provide specific market expertise and help UPS overcome entry barriers. Furthermore, with a legacy of losing money in overseas operations, UPS did not wish to risk much capital in Japan. For these reasons, partnering with a qualified Japanese company made most sense. Yamato of Japan emerged as a prospective partner. It was experienced, had access to distribution channels, and was well capitalized. Interestingly, when UPS began negotiations, it inquired whether Yamato would be interested in a purchase. Yamato management asked the selling price of UPS—not exactly what UPS had in mind! As it turned out, there was a good fit and sufficient rationale for the two companies to establish a strategic alliance. UPS realized that a partnership with Yamato could not be a one-way street and arranged to bring packages back to the United States for delivery from Yamato. This opened up the market in both directions for each company. Teams of employees were exchanged to learn about organization and business processes, which provided valuable experience in making each company a truly global player.
20
Berger, Ron. "Mastering the Art of Jugaad and Guanxi." International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 5, no. 4 (October 2014): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.2014100102.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: Successfully entering foreign markets is a major issue in the field of international business. Cultural ignorance increases uncertainty that hinders a firm's international performance. Research has shown that the impact of cultural differences is one of the biggest obstacles to entering the Chinese and Indian markets, which are seen as one of the more important and growing markets in the last decade. This paper builds a framework for analyzing and choosing effective business strategies across the divide between very different business systems and cultures. It assists western firms in how to enter these complex markets and increase the probability of success. Design/methodology/approach: the proposed conceptual model hinges on social networking theory. Three different strategies are presented based on the different cultural, political and historical settings of China and India. Findings: the paper builds a framework for India and China structured around three core attributes to building social networks. It shows what international firms need to do in-order to build social networks that allow access to the local markets and decrease business risks. Practical implications: the proposed conceptual models enable marketers to cope even with the most complex markets and improve their probability for success. Originality/value: the literature review demonstrates that researchers have not dealt in-depth with the social constructs of social networks, especially in India. The paper depicts the commonality and differences between the two countries and serves as a basic business model when penetrating these markets.
21
Wąsowska, Aleksandra. "Organisational-Level Attributes of Micro-Multinationals. The Evidence From European SMEs." International Journal of Management and Economics 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijme-2017-0006.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper investigates organisational-level attributes that allow European SMEs to choose equity-based modes of entry to foreign markets, thus becoming micro-multinationals. We hypothesize that international R&D cooperation (hypothesis 1) and using digital marketing (hypothesis 2) by SMEs increase their likelihood of becoming a mMNE. These hypotheses are tested through a logistic regression analysis based on a large sample of European companies drawn from the Flash Eurobarometer study. Separate regression models are estimated for companies originating from EU-13 and EU-15. Hypothesis 1 is supported by both samples. Hypothesis 2 is supported in the EU-15 sample. Our identification of organisational-level attributes that increase the likelihood of SMEs choosing equity-based internationalisation contributes to International Entrepreneurship entry mode literature.
22
Kononov, Yu D., and D. Yu Kononov. "Distinctions and issues of choosing the discount rate for power engineering development forecasts." National Interests: Priorities and Security 16, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 2254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.16.12.2254.
Full textAbstract:
Subject. The article examines how the discount rate chosen influences the reasonableness of power engineering development forecasts. Economic-mathematical models of optimization serve as the main methodological tool for long-term forecasting on power engineering. Development scenarios are chosen and compared by the lowest amount of discounted cash flows for supplying fuel and energy as much as needed. Such models do not provide for generally accepted methods for substantiating values of the discount rate. Objectives. We identify distinctions in cost discounting, and results throughout phases of power engineering forecasting. We also evaluate how the discount rate chosen influences the outcome of forecasts. Methods. The study is based on the systems analysis of foreign and national practices and original methodological tools that concurrently optimizes the development of power engineering systems and uses the Monte-Carlo method. Results. The article substantiates that optimization models shall employ different approaches to discounting at different hierarchical levels of forecast studies into the fuel and energy complex development. Illustrating the optimization of the development of regional power supply systems, we demonstrate that the discount rate considerably influences the way capacities of power plants are put into operation, and other analyzable indicators. Conclusions and Relevance. Used to forecast the development of power engineering development, the discount rate depends on a future scenario in question. It is set with reference to the forecasted aspect, objectives and methods of forecast studies, the way they accommodate for the evolution of power markets. The more unlikely the future, the higher the risk component of the discount.
23
Ulozhynоva, M. Y., and Y. S. Usenia. "CONSUMER PREFERENCES OF FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE FOOD CONCENTRATES." Food Industry: Science and Technology 14, no. 1(51) (March 11, 2020): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/10.47612/2073-4794-2021-14-1(51)-93-100.
Full textAbstract:
Nutrition is one of the main determinants of human health. Functional foods can help reduce the risk of disease. The development of new types of functional food concentrates, which will be competitive both in the domestic and foreign markets, should be based on consumer preferences. The article presents a marketing research of consumer preferences for functional food concentrates. The research was carried out in the form of a sociological survey. The target audience was determined, the issues of «healthy nutrition» and the reasons for refusing to use food concentrates for functional purposes were considered. The most significant criteria for choosing functional products were established: «usefulness» — 18.33 %, «safety» — 16.72 %, «taste» — 15.56 %. Taking into account the results obtained, a line of food concentrates enriched with linseed fiber, which is a source of omega-3 PUFA, has been developed.
24
KOVALCHUK, Oleksandra, Kseniia KOVTUNENKO, and Olena STANISLAVYK. "The concept of "strategy" in the context of strategic management of enterprise development in the conditions of intellectualization of the economy." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.6.4.
Full textAbstract:
At the present stage of development of the Ukrainian economic system, the concept of "strategy" and its appropriate application by modern enterprises is becoming increasingly important. As a country of the former Soviet Union, Ukraine is undergoing a complex process of transformation, complicated by the decline of small and medium-sized businesses in global pandemic, military events in the east, inflation, and significant wear and tear of equipment and technology. Given all these factors, it is reasonable to assume that competitiveness in both foreign and domestic markets is declining. Increasingly, modern enterprises face the problem of identifying and choosing a strategy, because every company usually has a mission and goal, but unfortunately, not every manager understands that strategy plays an important role in implementing the plan, especially when it comes to enterprise development. That is why, in the context of the intellectualization of the economy, it is necessary to focus on strategic management of modern enterprises and try to develop innovative areas of economic activity. This study aims to generalize various interpretations of the term "strategy" with the subsequent proposal of its own interpretation in the context of strategic management of enterprise development. In the course of the research the significance of strategic development management for modern Ukrainian enterprises was considered and the own interpretation of the concept of "strategy" was offered. The results of the study are of practical significance for the production enterprise LLC "Odetex", as the strategy proposed in the article will create a kind of "foundation" for the implementation of the company's goals, further development and acquisition of new markets. Thus, in the context of the intellectualization of the economy, strategy and strategic management of the development of modern Ukrainian enterprises are an integral part of effective functioning in both domestic and foreign markets.
25
Smith, C., M. Ogutu, M. Munjuri, and J. Kagwe. "The Effects of Foreign Market Entry Strategies on Financial Performance of Listed Multinational Firms in Kenya." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 3 (June 28, 2021): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.3.517.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to establish the effects of foreign market entry strategies on the financial performance of listed multinational firms in Kenya. Internationalization theory was used as the theoretical foundation of the study. Empirical studies reviewed revealed that several studies had been done on the direct relationship between performance of multinational firms and their modes of entry into foreign firms. However, none of these studies focused on the financial performance of listed multinational firms. The study utilised a cross-sectional descriptive design. Secondary data collected from firms’ annual reports and financial statements for a period of four years (2014 to 2017) was used. The firms’ financial indicators of Sales Growth, Return on Equity, Return on Assets and Return on Capital Employed were employed to measure their performance. Franchising, exporting, wholly owned subsidiary and acquisitions were assessed as the entry strategies used by multinational firms. Data was collected from all the 62 listed multinational companies in Kenya and analysed using quantitative methods. This analysis was most preferred for data collected was quantitative in nature. The relationship between the independent and the dependent variable was tested using simple linear regression. The results show that the performance of multinational firms operating through franchises and as wholly owned subsidiaries as well as acquisitions was lower than the performance of multinationals operating as export companies. The study concludes that the mode of entry into foreign markets chosen by a firm significantly affected its financial performance in the said market. It is therefore recommended that multinational firms wishing to expand their operations globally to come up with long term strategies that have gone through rigorous scrutiny for the benefit of the firm. The study gave a contextual understanding of the internationalization theory. The theory managed to emphasize on reasons why multinational firms should expand their operations beyond their national boundaries. Actual ingredients for policy makers to undertake a well thought through policy formulation to fully understand the importance of choosing the right entry strategy was provided for in the results. Recommendations of the study are that a thorough marketing evaluation of the country of interest should be undertaken to ensure that proper measures are put in place for the selection of an entry strategy that will address the goals and objectives of a firm. The study also recommends that employees of a firm who are at the forefront in the internationalization process should be well informed and trained ahead of the firm’s plans. Policy makers and advisories in countries are advised to streamline the processes of foreign firms’ registration so to attract foreign investors.
26
Lutchenko, V. G., A. I. Khorev, L. O. Zhitinskaya, N. M. Parshin, and S. V. Ionov. "Enterprise innovation development strategy." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 82, no. 4 (January 20, 2021): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2020-4-313-318.
Full textAbstract:
In the innovative development of an enterprise, an important role should be played by the determination of methods for ensuring a long-term direction of development by choosing an algorithm of actions, that is, a sound strategy based on economic decisions, business approaches, ways of their implementation, and establishing relationships with other subsidiaries of the integrated structure. In conditions of tough competition in the markets, the only way to ensure competitive advantages for an enterprise can only be strategic management of innovative development, which is capable of providing long-term forecasting and implementation of the innovative goals and objectives set in the strategy. There are quite a few formulations and varieties of strategies for innovative development, among which the most characteristic types can be distinguished: offensive - typical for enterprises that base their activities on the principles of entrepreneurial competition and the creation of "breakthrough" innovations; defensive - aimed at maintaining competitive positions in existing markets; imitation - aimed at copying the consumer properties of innovations from other enterprises; “Niche” - aimed at adapting to narrow market segments with products with unique characteristics associated either with differentiation or with low costs. The mission of innovative development is formulated as follows: "The company guarantees its shareholders adherence to the innovative direction of development by developing and manufacturing high-quality innovative products that are not inferior to the best foreign models and generating high employee incomes, fulfilling obligations to society and profit to shareholders." Implementation of the strategy of innovative development should be reduced to constant monitoring of its implementation and adjustments, taking into account the changing external environment and internal conditions of the enterprise. This function at the analyzed enterprise is performed by the management of the enterprise, since its functions include not only the formulation of the strategy, but also the choice of methods for its implementation, as well as control and, if necessary, its adjustment.
27
Shevchenko, Anna, and Olena Borysenko. "MARKETING APPROACH TO THE FORMATION OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ENTERPRISE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALISATION." Journal of International Legal Communication 1 (June 29, 2021): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2021.1.pp.186-196.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of global consumer and financial market formation, international economic institutions, taking into account special aspects of the present stage in economic development in Ukraine, it becomes necessary to focus enterprises on their own goods competitiveness not only in the domestic, but, moreover, at the foreign markets. In order to achieve objectives in view the enterprise should make maximum use of its internal resources, explore the market environment, predict its development and demands, using all tools of the strategic marketing. Special attention should be paid to the development of marketing strategies since they determine the enterprise course of action and they are aimed at achieving stated targets. Marketing strategy formation is one the most important and essential marketing stages at the enterprise. Marketing strategy is one of the main long-term plans of the enterprise marketing activity, aimed at choosing target consumer segments. It combines elements of marketing complex, basing on which the enterprise creates its effective marketing events targeted to the marketing goals achieving. Successfully chosen and effectively implemented strategy provides enterprise the opportunity to gain competitive advantage not only in the domestic market, but additionally meet demands of international consumers. Based on research of the issue the article highlights the main features of the management system in the strategic development of marketing strategy at the enterprise. The article substantiates the necessity of using marketing approach to the management of enterprises and the finding the new ways in the formation of appropriate organisational structures. Marketing approach to the management of enterprise characterises it as a complex system that allows to link the capabilities of this economic entity with the needs of the market and gain advantages over competitors. It was defined the main factors influencing the organisation of marketing activities of enterprises (external and internal) and factors influencing the behaviour of their end users (social, informational and consumer attitudes).
28
Brzeziński, Mariusz, and Dariusz Pyza. "CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION FROM DIESEL ENGINE VEHICLES IN INTERMODAL TRANSPORT." Transport 36, no. 3 (September 14, 2021): 246–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2021.15484.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, many logistics operators operate in both domestic and foreign markets using various forms of transport organization. Choosing a corresponding technology and appropriate form of transport has an influence not only delivery time and costs, but also has an impact on the environment as a whole. There is a plethora of public research available in global literature discussing various ways of exploiting transport. On the other hand, there is a lack of complex studies detailing carbon emissions coming from transport activity. Specifically, where a theory of organic fuel combustion in the form of a chemical reaction with oxygen is considered. To fill this gap, we offer an innovative Emission Model of Industrial Sources (EMIS) method. This method makes it possible to determine the amount of CO2 emitted into the atmosphere during various transport methods. It also enables us to estimate, in terms of CO2 output, a threshold where transport of containers via combined mode becomes more favourable for the environment, than road transport. We ran a simulation of our algorithm to create boundary conditions. This let us prepare a regression function of CO2 emission, for intermodal and road transport as a function of various transport distances. The simulation results suggest that our approach may be used by supervisory institutions, which are responsible further developing and utilizing combined transport.
29
Kushnirenko, Оksana, and Olga Zarudna. "Тrade policy as an instrument to promote industrial development in Ukraine." University Economic Bulletin, no. 42 (June 19, 2019): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2019-42-90-102.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance of the research topic is due to the rapid growth in world trade, which leads to new challenges for Ukraine’s industry in the context of deepening economic globalization and increasing international competition. Under these conditions, the development and application of effective industrial policy instruments aimed at supporting promising sectors of the processing industry in the process of integration into the world market is very important. Formulation of the problem. New opportunities associated with the further liberalization of foreign trade in an increasingly open and competitive environment require the creation of a favorable environment for promoting the export activities of Ukrainian industrial producers under the constraints of international trade agreements. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. In the context of increasing the influence of integration processes on the development of production, the problem of choosing the most effective instruments of state regulation, which most of all contributed to active cooperation with foreign partners for export-oriented industrial producers of Ukraine, in particular for products with a higher degree of processing, remains insufficiently studied. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The objective of the study is to develop proposals for effective trade policy instruments aimed at supporting the export of industrial products with higher added value within the framework of the existing restrictions of international agreements. Method or methodology for conducting research. General scientific methods are used in the work: abstract-logical, systemic; analysis and synthesis, statistical comparisons, grouping, sampling; expert assessments. The field of application of results. The results of this study can be applied in the process of government policy formation on the main aspects of the export development of industry in the context of integration processes. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of international trade, its geographical vectors, trends in exports and imports of Ukrainian-made industrial goods are disclosed, and effective trade policy instruments are proposed: namely, non-tariff regulatory methods aimed at creating effective policies and institutions and can be used for the eliminating restrictions upon integration of the Ukrainian manufacturer to the international markets.
30
Zu, Enhou, Shao-Yu Liu, Bi-Min Hsu, Yu-Cheng Wang, and Edwin M. Lau. "An Analysis of the Success Factors for Passenger Boarding Enthusiasm for Low-Cost Regional Airline Routes." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 14, 2020): 6600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166600.
Full textAbstract:
Airports are important air transportation facilities, providing cargo transportation, aircraft takeoff and landing, and passenger services. Trade liberalization and globalization along with shifting economies and trading focuses have led to the rapid growth of airline and cargo transportation in Asia-Pacific regions. Therefore, Asian countries are constantly expanding and improving their airport facilities. Thus, improving and measuring airline service quality has attracted significant research attention in recent years. The Chinese Government has also actively promoted low-cost tourism, although competition in low-cost carrier markets was bound to be fierce. This not only promoted tourism industries but also attracted many foreign visitors to taking low-cost carriers to China for sightseeing. With international oil prices and regional economy issues, full-service carriers face considerable operational pressure on cost and competition. This study used the fuzzy delphi and decision making trial and evaluation laboratory methods to explore and analyze key factors for passengers choosing low-cost airlines. We considered passengers using U Airlines to travel from Shanghai to Taiwan (Taoyuan, Kaohsiung Far) and investigated service quality, low-price strategies, switching costs, and boarding willingness factors. We found that boarding willingness and service quality were strongly relevant to passenger satisfaction. Service quality should be prioritized, followed by switching cost, to enhance passenger boarding willingness. Low-cost regional airlines need to prioritize improving service quality empathy and service quality responsiveness with limited resources. Performance indicators such as willingness, service quality assurance, and service quality reliability showed significant benefits for overall service performance and passenger boarding willingness.
31
Sychevskyi, Mykola, Oleksandr Shpychak, Olha Kovalenko, Oleksandr Kuts, and Olena Bokii. "Trends and prospects for the development of bakery production in European countries." Ekonomika APK 309, no. 7 (July 28, 2020): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202007054.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the article is to assess the development trends of the production of bakery products in the countries of the European space and the possibilities of the national industry to strengthen its positions in the domestic and foreign markets. Research methods. The research used the methods of theoretical generalizations, dynamical, statistical comparisons and groupings to analyze trends in the development of bakery production and assess the development of individual countries according to the selected system of indicators; economic and statistical analysis to determine the level of mutual influence of factors and forecast estimates. Research results. On the basis of the proposed methodological approach and the selected system of indicators, trends in the development of the bakery industry in European countries are studied. The mutual influence of factors of the macroeconomic environment on the development of bakery production has been determined, in particular: total income from product sales; capital investment; GDP per capita; wages; exchange rate. The influence of economic globalization on the expansion of exports of bakery products is revealed. The dynamics of production and export of bakery products is estimated. Based on the experience of developed countries and existing trends, the author suggests ways of developing the national bakery market. Scientific novelty. The market shares of manufacturers in the bakery market and the share of industrial products in the total consumption of bread products in Ukraine, the influence of price factors on the formation of demand for bread and flour in European countries have been established. It has been substantiated that the main trends of the European bakery market, which will continue in the future, are: an increase in the total volume of industrial production in the EU as a whole; growing demand for functional types of products, production of flour mixtures for the needs of bakery enterprises for a given range of bakery products; diffusion of innovations in consumer packaging and semi-finished products; preservation of national traditions of consumption of flour products. The article reveals the dependence of the total income of the bakery industry on the volume of capital investment, growth in average wages and the volume of gross domestic product per capita, which is typical for Ukraine and developing countries. Practical significance. Designed for experts in the field of economics of the food industry and the bakery industry, scientific workers, teachers, graduate students and students of higher educational institutions. The results of the study can be used by specialists to assess the level of development of bakery production in individual countries of the European space, by government officials when choosing directions for food policy, by researchers to expand the scope of research. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 7. Refs.: 39.
32
Zdravković, Stefan, and Jelena Peković. "Cultural intelligence and heritage impact on choosing foreign tourist destination." Menadzment u hotelijerstvu i turizmu 9, no. 1 (2021): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/menhottur2101027z.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the process of globalization, travel has become much more affordable, so tourists have the opportunity to visit foreign and even some exotic destinations. Market research helps travel agencies in formulating a marketing strategy, which should attract tourists and ensure their satisfaction, which ultimately enables the service provider to make a profit. The purpose and goal of the research is to determine whether cultural intelligence as a push-factor implying the desire of tourists to learn a foreign language, and get to know other cultures and their value systems and cultural heritage as a pull-factor implying touring buildings, and cultural monuments of other countries, influence the choice of foreign tourist destinations. Furthermore, the research examines whether the influence of these variables from the aspect of a demographic characteristic of age is more pronounced in respondents belong to generation Z compared to the generation X respondents. The sample includes 208 respondents from the Republic of Serbia. After statistical processing of the data, the obtained results show that variables have a statistically significant positive impact on the choice of foreign tourist destinations, and that their impact is more pronounced in generation Z respondents compared to those of generation X, so the research provides useful information to marketers and travel agencies.
33
Gogriciani, G. V., and A. N. Lyashenko. "Strategic Development of Oil Shipments from Russia to Palestine." World of Transport and Transportation 17, no. 4 (January 15, 2020): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2019-17-4-136-147.
Full textAbstract:
Recent decades have seen a significant expansion of world oil trade, which contributes to development of appropriate transport infrastructure, improvement and deepening of business ties in world energy markets and acceleration of their globalization. Russia plays an increasingly important role in export of oil and oil products, thereby seriously affecting physical volumes of foreign trade operations, prices, and the level of supply and demand. At the same time, interest in Russian oil is obviously taking into account the use of the existing or planned transport infrastructure. Despite the featured significant fluctuations in prices, which are caused by various factors of economic, geopolitical, and political nature, it is obvious that the general tendencies towards increase in oil prices remain against the background of the expected increase in demand for liquid fuel. This conclusion can be made on the basis of the costs of extracting energy resources, organizing the logistics component, of growing relevant political risks, according to competitive realities. In this regard, selection of an optimal transport route is of particular importance. The objective of the study is to test the algorithm developed by the authors for solving the multicriteria problem of choosing a rational route of fuel delivery within the framework of logistics chains from an oil refinery to a consumer. Testing is carried out at the example of development of hypothetical oil shipments from Russia to the State of Palestine. The use of the methods of economic analysis, multicriteria problem solving, expert assessments, representation of tasks in a multi-criteria setting using the developed deterministic method allows in each case to objectively find the best practical solution.The results of the analysis based on a sample of four options, have confirmed the possibility of using the proposed algorithm for solving the multicriteria problem to select the optimal route. The developed theory allows to objectively select the best proposal among possible variants; to improve the quality of the result obtained not only by the digital values of the accepted criteria, but also by taking into account the significance of different criteria among themselves by their influence on the process under consideration; to refine the intermediate data by using linear and nonlinear interpolation; to consider possible financial, time and other risks; to pose and solve problems taking into account hypothetical ways of transporting liquid fuel and compare the results with existing schemes.
34
Ciepielewska-Kaczmarek, Luiza. "Neue Ansätze in der DaF-Methodik und ihre Konsequenzen für die Lehrwerkgestaltung." Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics 36 (November 5, 2018): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/gl.2010.36.09.
Full textAbstract:
The following factors have contributed to arising new target groups in teaching foreign languages: the European Union’s claim concerning the multilingualism of its members, migrations, common mobility. As a consequence of this situation new handbooks for teaching and learning foreign languages have appeared on the market. Thus, the teacher is often confronted with the necessity of choosing the handbook, which is most adequate for the needs of a particular group of learners. The present article aims at defining the criteria of handbook selection in the light of the latest trends in foreign language teaching methodology.
35
English, David A. "Why Foreign Retail Grocery Stores Fail in South Korea: Propositions for Future Research." Transnational Marketing Journal 4, no. 1 (May 18, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/tmj.v4i1.399.
Full textAbstract:
International retailers have conducted business the South Korea since the Korean Government liberalized the retail market in 1996. Some retailers have succeeded while others have failed. The author proposes further research on the failures of international retailers by examining the challenges of entering a foreign market. Additionally, the author provides a brief history of international grocery retailers and literature on international retailing in South Korea. The problems encountered by international retailers in South Korea were discussed. The propositions for future research were as follows: factors that international retailers used to enter the market, steps taken to minimize the possible problems when entering the market, alternative market entry methods, methods for choosing the store format, problems discovered after market entry, and what research done to determine the preference of Korean consumers.
36
Hassan Khayat, Sahar. "Determinants of International Foreign Portfolio Investment Flows to GCC Countries: An Empirical Evidence." International Journal of Business and Management 15, no. 10 (September 16, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v15n10p51.
Full textAbstract:
The present study focuses on the roles of trade openness, market forces and domestic credit to private sector and infrastructures by documenting the determinants of Foreign Portfolio Investments (FPI) to Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies. The determinants of foreign portfolio investment for the period between 2000 and 2018 were estimated by implementing random effects (RE), fixed effects (FE), and GMM methods. The dependent variable was foreign portfolio investment against different independent variables. The results of the study lead to the development of framework through the associated countries in GCC that are mainly focused on attracting additional foreign portfolio investment. The results have clearly showed that there is significant influence of macroeconomic factors on the decision of choosing an investment country by the foreign investor.
37
Kumar, S. S. S. "Why Foreign Institutional Investors are Investing in India?" Foreign Trade Review 42, no. 3 (October 2007): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732515070303.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines whether the surge in FII inflows to India is consistent with the standard models of international portfolio choice. Our analysis shows that the FIIs are investing in India primarily due to the high returns that may be earned by investing in India and not because of the diversification benefits that accrue to a foreign portfolio investor by choosing to invest in an emerging market like India. Therefore, any attempts by the policymakers to use the forex reserves for financing any real assets have to be very carefully weighed because substantial part of the Indian forex reserves are built from the portfolio flows.
38
Tvaronavičienė, Manuela, Virginija Grybaitė, and Renata Korsakienė. "FOREIGN CAPITAL DESTINATIONS: BALTIC STATES VERSUS INDIA." Journal of Business Economics and Management 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2008): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1611-1699.2008.9.227-234.
Full textAbstract:
The presented paper aims to elaborate which factors have the biggest influence on investment decisions while choosing between India and the new EU members ‐ Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. For analysis purpose the Baltic States have been juxtaposed to India, as the latter represents emerging market, and, according to almost unanimous prognosis, is one of the main FDI destinations for the nearest future. The Baltic States are considered as attractive recent entrants of the EU demonstrating high growth and representing new unsaturated market. FDI inflows into those rather different countries started in approximately 1991, thus driving forces behind international capital movement serve as object of scientific interest. The data retrieved and used for considerations embraces period from 1999 to 2008. Authors ground premises about significance of certain sets of driving factors and use multi‐criteria evaluation methods to indicate driving forces determining propensity to invest into the Baltic States’ region and India. Results of speculative analysis are supposed to add to better understanding of contemporary investment behaviour of well‐developed economies.
39
Petrou, Andreas P. "Foreign Market Entry Strategies in Retail Banking: Choosing an Entry Mode in a Landscape of Constraints." Long Range Planning 42, no. 5-6 (October 2009): 614–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2009.09.001.
Full text
40
جمعة مطر, زينب, and م. د. بهاء حسين الحمداني. "تقييم اداء الوحدة الاقتصادية باستخدام مؤشر القيمة الاقتصادية المضافة EVA." Iraqi Journal For Economic Sciences 2021, no. 68 (March 13, 2021): 141–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/ijes2021.68.7.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The research aims to study the economic value-added index (EVA) as an innovative way to measure the value of the economic unit and its performance based on its economic position and not according to accounting figures produced using Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) as each economic unit must be very careful in choosing its measurement tools because it will greatly affect the resources of the administration and every section of the economic unit, the economic unit must create value for the shareholders. Due to developments in the past decade in the world of economic units, managers and investors are looking for an economic framework that better reflects the value and profitability of the economic unit, so the accounting tools used to date are not sufficient and unlikely to face the challenge arising from capital markets and owners. A new economic dimension is required to be used as a value-based measurement framework, which can better reflect the opportunities and downsides. One of the measures based on a value in the economic context is Economic Value Added (EVA). To achieve this, the researcher relied on the deductive approach in writing the theoretical framework of the research based on that on foreign sources as well as letters, university releases, research, periodicals and articles related to the research topic, while the descriptive and analytical approach was relied upon in writing the applied side of the research based on a set of means, including financial data, cost data, and personal interviews with managers, technical engineers, and factory administrations, as well as the field experience for each of the General Administration of the General Company for Vegetable Oils and its factories (Al-Rasheed Factory, Al-Mamoun Factory, Al-Amin Factory, Al-Moatasem Factory) in the application of the economic value-added index (EVA). The researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that the use of the EVA index is one of the methods that can be used as well as the proper use of investment opportunities and the prevention of waste of resources, as economic units can be informed about their future performance by providing the necessary warnings so that they can take appropriate measures through these warnings: Investors can identify the optimal investment opportunities from unwanted opportunities and invest their resources in the appropriate opportunities and places. In light of these conclusions, a set of recommendations was reached, the most important of which is the suggestion to use the EVA index, as the cost of capital cannot be ignored in its calculation and evaluation, and to meet the expectations of shareholders in the country, the EVA account should be mandatory for financial reporting and disclosure, and to expand its use. In other major industries, it should be studied as well, as a source of reliable financial performance measurement.
41
Sudiartha Athar, Handry, Lady Faerrosa Josman, and Hermanto. "FOREIGN TOURIST’S FOOD PREFERENCES IN LOMBOK: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR." Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management 1, no. 3 (April 30, 2020): 444–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v1i3.254.
Full textAbstract:
Customer behavior is one of the challenging studies in marketing. Most of all, the customer’s behavior towards a tourism destination’s product such as food or as we often call gastronomy. This study is a qualitative research aimed to know what’s behind the food preferences of foreign tourist from different countries (such as Australia, Finland, Japan, Malaysia, and the UK), what motivates them when choosing a certain food during their holiday. In-depth interview along with keen observation were held to get sufficient information and deep results on the purpose of the study. This study was held in Lombok and ten participants were being interviewed. The results indicate that there are three main aspects that affect the participants in choosing their food when in a tourism destination: a) Exposure effect; b) Intention to looking for new experiences and/or based on past experiences; and c) The food aspects. This study surely answers that providing sufficient information to the international market of our tourism industry is a big must as they surely will search for related information before deciding on what to consume in a certain destinations as well as providing them with good quality culinary and a long life experiences that they can cherish in the future.
42
Mohammed, I. M. M., and V. Pizengolts. "Activity of oil companies of Iraq and their role in the world economy." Upravlenie 7, no. 3 (October 21, 2019): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2309-3633-2019-3-38-46.
Full textAbstract:
Сurrently, oil market remains one of the most demanded types of energy resources, the trade of which can be called the most important element of modern world economic relations.The global market for oil and oil products is characterized by high volatility, which requires the development of various strategies for insuring financial losses. Futures contracts are one of the main market financial risk management tools. Companies face the challenge of choosing the optimal hedging strategy. Will this strategy be used solely to hedge prices or will it become part of a wider market strategy.Another specific feature of the oil market is the participation of foreign companies in the exploration of oil fields in developing countries. Since the Iraqi oil market is currently in dire need of investment in technological infrastructure, the problem of attracting and operating foreign companies is also very topical for Iraq, and such relations themselves are also unstable and are influenced by many internal and external factors. The global energy sector is undergoing fundamental changes. At the same time, Iraq today has the most favorable opportunities for solving its economic problems, both shortterm and long-term. Iraq has a huge oil potential, largely unrealized, while possessing significant explored and undiscovered reserves. However, the oil and gas industry in Iraq requires the restoration and achievement of a stable export flow after the crisis period for it. Moreover, refineries need modernization, which requires significant financial costs.
43
Vasyl Namoniuk, Vasyl Namoniuk, and Nataliya Shavrina Nataliya Shavrina. "FOREING DIRECT INVESTMENTS OF GERMAN TNCs: MAIN TRENDS AND FEATURES." Gulustan-Black Sea Scientific Journal of Academic Research 21, no. 03 (May 10, 2015): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/2103201522.
Full textAbstract:
The paper deals with the features of German transnational corporations’ investment activity within the last decade. The period of active foreign direct investing during 2004–2007 and the period of FDI decline due to the global economic and financial crisis are distinguished. The sectoral and regional structures of German TNCs’ investments are analyzed as well. The special accent is made on the issue of investment attractiveness of Central and Eastern Europe, especially Ukraine, for the German TNCs. It was revealed that stability and predictability of the situation in the country and main features of its market are more important for German corporations when choosing the host country, than regulatory restrictions on foreign direct investment. This is a very important issue for the FDI attraction into Ukrainian economy. Keywords: TNCs, FDI, international capital flows, regulatory restrictions, Central and Eastern Europe, Ukraine.
44
Marjanović, Darko M. "Competitiveness of the Serbian Economy Through the Prism of Tax Incentives for Foreign Investors." Economic Analysis 51, no. 3-4 (December 27, 2018): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.28934/ea.18.51.34.pp95-104.
Full textAbstract:
In order to make Serbia the most attractive investment destination in relation to countries in the region, special attention should be paid to the current tax incentives granted to foreign investors. Hence, the aim of this paper is to find the opinion and attitudes of foreign investors in the relevant research and analysis regarding the importance of tax relief for their investment in Serbia. Tax incentives are one of the most important tax instruments that can play a decisive role on foreign investors when choosing an investment location, and therefore to increase the competitiveness of the Serbian economy. In this paper, special attention will be given to tax incentives in certain areas for the business of foreign investors, depending on the way foreign investors enter the Serbian market. The methodology of empirical research in this paper is based on a quantitative approach to the collection of primary data through the survey of relevant subjects, the comparison of collected data, and the analysis of the causality of the investigated phenomena. On the basis of the obtained results it can be concluded that the greatest influence on the investor when making a decision on investing in Serbia is tax incentives in corporate income tax.
45
Balaban, O. I., O. M. Venher, and O. B. Opanasyk. "Market fundamentals of organization of work in the field of stage and audio-visual arts and production." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 53, no. 53 (November 20, 2019): 200–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-53.12.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Survival and further development is an acute problem for any modern Ukrainian repertory theater. According to the Law (which is only a framework, since it does not answer all the questions that arise), repertory theaters are non-profit organizations and exist for budget funds. The latter are steadily declining and depreciating in the conditions of market relations exist in modern Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to consider and propose methodological approaches to the development and implementation of innovations in the organization of cultural institutions in the field of cultural industries, theater, film and television. Presentation of the main material. The modern development of society is extraordinary – it is filled with changes and transformations caused by the influence of such phenomena as globalization, cheap labor, a large number of competitors. The spread of information and nanotechnology, computer networks is causing changes in the structure of organizations and cultural institutions, in particular, a reduction in their size, which, in turn, predetermines innovation as a result of a creative search for original, non-standard solutions to various problems. Globalization today is not only fierce competition. It also affects the human capital of enterprises, in particular, transforms the concept of a permanent place of work. Technogenic civilization and the rapid change of information technology make cultural institutions need to work extraordinary in such relevant areas as technology, personnel and organizational aspects of business. The most important qualities of the modern cultural space, concerning cultural and educational institutions, creative industries, are openness of thoughts and the possibility to avoid stereotypes. As a result of the development of market relations in Ukraine, cultural institutions have economic freedom, respectively, freedom in choosing directions and guidelines for development, as well as of markets for activities, determining directions for using and attracting own funds, creating a competitive policy, etc. In the same time, the following threats were identified that are relevant for any modern Ukrainian repertory theater, namely: 1) the growth of the budget deficit of the country and the region, which can suspend the budget maintenance of theaters; 2) an increase in inflation; 3) economic instability; 4) political instability; 5) the growth of tax rates; 6) a decrease in the solvency of the audience; 7) low demand from the audience for theatrical services; 8) significant variability in the needs of the audience; 9) a high level of competitiveness of other theaters and cultural institutions; 10) changes in public values; 11) low social consciousness of the population. Due to these conditions, the solution of the problem of survival and development requires the search for new strategic approaches to the organization of activities and management of these theaters, which seems quite relevant. The possibilities are contained in the Law itself, which allows theaters to earn money through various types of commercial activities. Strategically, the most promising is production, which is used by almost all foreign non-commercial theaters. The opportunities provided by “The Law on Public-Private Partnership”, 2010, in the fields of tourism, re-creation, culture and sports can be included in support of such activities. The effectiveness and profitability of cultural institutions depends on the quality of management, as well as monitoring the implementation and quality of services. The high potential of cultural institutions with an underestimation of activity and inefficient management leads to insufficient funding for the development of cultural institutions, a lack of working capital, and low material interest of workers. This situation makes it necessary to constantly increase the budget line for the maintenance of institutions. But to increase the budget revenues of cultural institutions, it is possible to use crisis management technologies. The development of crisis management methods by the management company (with an emphasis on theatrical activities) will be aimed at: protecting intellectual property and patenting by type of activity, developing and applying franchising schemes in theatrical activities; constant monitoring of the theater audience in order to identify trends in the development of culture and demand from the audience; collecting and summarizing the practice of successful European theater projects and managerial decisions to create a system of training the managerial staff of cultural institutions; collecting and analyzing information about the interaction of theaters with the external environment, tracking new trends and market contradictions; creating the basis for adjusting the regulatory framework; increasing the profitability of theaters; development of areas related to the core business; attraction and use of various types of financing (budget, grants, commercial, credit, investment funds); reduction of the budget load and the transition from current financing schemes to the financing of theater projects and programs; the creation of new financial instruments for the development of the theater, including depreciation and accumulation of income; the search for opportunities for the management company to implement external financial management and carry out financial planning, control over improving the effectiveness of theater management; creation of systems of motivation and interest of the creative team of theaters; creative audit of theatrical productions and repertoire policy, assessment of the positioning of theaters and theatrical productions. Summing up the above, we can reach the statements: 1) the rapid reduction of budget support for modern Ukrainian repertory theaters may end with a complete rejection of it; 2) under such conditions, it will be appropriate to study the experience of organizing the activities of foreign non-profit theaters that successfully survive in market conditions; 3) this becomes possible through the use of a rather specific activity called “producing”; 4) modern Ukrainian repertory theaters will have to master it; 5) for this purpose, it seems appropriate to create a "production center" in the theater, which can be started as a startup; 6) this creates a new creative and production system that becomes productive.
46
Pehrsson, Anders. "An acquisition or a greenfield subsidiary? The impact of knowledge on sequential establishments in a host country." International Marketing Review 37, no. 2 (April 14, 2020): 377–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-12-2018-0345.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeEstablishment of wholly owned subsidiaries in a foreign market is central to international marketing because sole ownership and high commitment facilitate firm's marketing in the local market. Drawing on knowledge-based theory, this study extends the current understanding of firm's sequential establishments of wholly owned subsidiaries in a host country.Design/methodology/approachSwedish firms' establishments of wholly owned subsidiaries in Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States were analyzed using a longitudinal approach.FindingsA firm's broad international experience is associated with an acquisition in any phase, while mode experience and value-adding experience are associated with postinitial acquisitions. There is no association between mode experience and greenfield investments.Research limitations/implicationsKnowledge-based theory explains a firm's choice of establishment mode when establishing in the same host country. Effects of marketing experiences are due to the establishment mode and different experiences explain choices for initial and postinitial establishments.Practical implicationsIn choosing between a wholly owned subsidiary in terms of an acquisition or a greenfield investment, for a foreign establishment the firm is advised to consider the impact of marketing experiences and establishment phase.Originality/valueResearch is needed on how experiences affect choices between foreign establishment modes where the firm is the sole owner. This study is the first to focus on the choice between wholly owned subsidiaries in terms of acquisitions and greenfield investments, and the impact of experience and phase of establishment in a particular host country.
47
Wenfen, Zhang, Tu Min, and Yang Jiaqi. "Choosing the Mode for FDI Entry to China's Port Market based on Two-stage Game between the Foreign-funded Enterprises and Government." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 96 (November 2013): 704–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.081.
Full text
48
Petruneva, R. M., L. F. Belyakova, and T. L. Sidorova. "Internationalization of Education: La Peau de Сhagrin of the Russian Language." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 30, no. 7 (September 8, 2021): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2021-30-7-139-148.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the processes of internationalization, provides information on the number of foreign students in various countries and in Russia, discusses the arguments for choosing the country for study by international students, including socio-cultural and linguistic preferences. The authors address the issues relating to the status of the Russian language in countries of the Central Asia region – the former republics of the Soviet Union. The article provides an information on the expansion of Western and Eastern countries into the educational system of these countries. The conclusion is made about the need for Russian universities to more actively enter the international market of educational services, especially in those areas where the Russian Federation has undeniable achievements (natural science fields of training, etc.).
49
Antonova, N. L., and K. B. Lozovskaya. "INTERNATIONALIZATION OF EDUCATION: INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS AS A TOOL FOR STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC MOBILITY." Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2020-4-3-253-258.
Full textAbstract:
On the basis of materials of a sociological study, the authors consider international scholarship programs as a tool for academic mobility. Students’ academic mobility is a factor and condition for the internationalization of higher education and the development of modern universities. Based on a questionnaire survey of undergraduate students (n=250), interviews with postgraduates (master degree) (n=12), as well as interviews with MOFCOM Scholarship program fellows (n=3), the article states that students are ready to join international academic mobility programs and compete for international scholarships to study primarily in European countries, the USA, and China. At the same time, students are interested in scholarships implemented at the state level and at the level of specific universities. A factor for choosing a scholarship program is, first of all, the scholarship amount which should cover, along with tuition, transport costs, accommodation, food, and cultural activities. Studying in a foreign university allows students to improve their foreign language and serves as a factor in strengthening their position of a future specialist in the labour market.
50
Gaitniece, Lasma. "ORGANIZATION OF THE PEDAGOGICAL COOPERATION PROCESS FOR CHINESE STUDENTS IN THE LATVIAN LANGUAGE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 21, 2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol3.3749.
Full textAbstract:
It is self-evident that in the second decade of the 21st century more and more students are involved in mobility: knowledge is acquired beyond the borders of their country, as well as studying new foreign languages - not only the language of the great nations alone. Students' goal is not only to enrich their knowledge and intellectual potential but also ensure more opportunities for themselves in the labour market. Twenty students from the Beijing International Study University (Beijing International Studies University; BISU) have acquired Latvian language as a foreign language as well as other human-oriented subjects related to Latvia during the 2017/2018 academic year at the Riga Technical University (RTU). For teaching staff this is a big challenge: they need to find a new approach, students from different countries must be treated differently, choosing different teaching tools and pedagogical methods, and constantly thinking about pedagogical cooperation process. This is important not only for successful communication, but also for the advanced new knowledge and skills transfer to students. The article is dedicated to finding out the peculiarities of the organization of the pedagogical cooperation process for Chinese students in the classes of the Latvian language as a foreign language.