Journal articles on the topic 'Cholecalciferol'
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&NA;. "Cholecalciferol." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 370 (September 1991): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199103700-00015.
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Peterson, Michael E., and Kerstin Fluegeman. "Cholecalciferol." Topics in Companion Animal Medicine 28, no. 1 (February 2013): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.tcam.2013.03.006.
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Warner, Mary. "Cholecalciferol." Pharmacy Today 26, no. 6 (June 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptdy.2020.05.007.
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&NA;. "Ergocalciferol/cholecalciferol." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 433 (January 1993): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199304330-00034.
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&NA;. "Cholecalciferol overdose." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 478 (November 1993): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199304780-00024.
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Brouwer, D. A. Janneke, Jackelieng Van Beek, Harri Ferwerda, Astrid M. Brugman, Fiona R. M. van der Klis, H. Jacoline van der Heiden, and Frits A. J. Muskiet. "Rat adipose tissue rapidly accumulates and slowly releases an orally-administered high vitamin D dose." British Journal of Nutrition 79, no. 6 (June 1998): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19980091.
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We investigated the effect of oral high-dose cholecalciferol on plasma and adipose tissue cholecalciferol and its subsequent release, and on plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Female Wistar rats (n 126) received 37·5 μg cholecalciferol/d for 14 d and were subsequently studied for a further 88 d. Two subgroups of eighteen rats each were fasted for 3 d immediately after treatment (days 14−17) and at the end of the study (days 98−101). During treatment, plasma cholecalciferol increased rapidly to reach a steady-state. Plasma 25(OH)D and adipose tissue cholecalciferol increased linearly for 1 - 2 d after treatment. Serum Ca and inorganic phosphate also increased. Subsequently half-lives of plasma cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D, and perirenal and subcutaneous adipose tissue were: 1·4, 22·5, 97·5 and 80·9 d respectively. Fasting, as compared with ad libitum feeding, caused increased plasma free fatty acids, weight loss up to 14% and increased adipose tissue cholecalciferol (nmol/g wet weight). It did not affect plasma cholecalciferol immediately after cholecalciferol treatment, but raised plasma 25(OH)D. Fasting at the end of the study decreased plasma cholecalciferol and increased plasma 25(OH)D. We conclude that orally-administered cholecalciferol rapidly accumulates in adipose tissue and that it is very slowly released while there is energy balance. Fasting causes preferential loss of triacylglycerols from adipose tissue, as opposed to cholecalciferol, but nevertheless augments plasma 25(OH)D. Adipose tissue may act as a ‘buffer to functional vitamin D status’ by preventing, to a certain extent, unregulated production of 25(OH)D from dietary vitamin D, and by slowly releasing vitamin D under fasting conditions.
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Li, Jun, Shen Xu, Jin-Bo Zhu, Jin Song, Biao Luo, Ya-Ping Song, Zhi-Hui Zhang, et al. "Pretreatment with Cholecalciferol Alleviates Renal Cellular Stress Response during Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (March 25, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1897316.
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Background. Cellular stress is involved in ischemia/reperfusion- (I/R-) induced acute kidney injury (AKI). This study is aimed at investigating the effects of pretreatment with cholecalciferol on renal oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during I/R-induced AKI. Methods. I/R-induced AKI was established by cross-clamping renal pedicles for 90 minutes and then reperfusion. In the Chol+I/R group, mice were orally administered with three doses of cholecalciferol (25 μg/kg) at 1, 24, and 48 h before ischemia. Renal cellular stress and kidney injury were measured at different time points after reperfusion. Results. I/R-induced AKI was alleviated in mice pretreated with cholecalciferol. In addition, I/R-induced renal cell apoptosis, as determined by TUNEL, was suppressed by cholecalciferol. Additional experiment showed that I/R-induced upregulation of renal GRP78 and CHOP was inhibited by cholecalciferol. I/R-induced renal IRE1α and eIF2α phosphorylation was attenuated by cholecalciferol. Moreover, I/R-induced renal GSH depletion, lipid peroxidation, and protein nitration were blocked in mice pretreated with cholecalciferol. I/R-induced upregulation of renal NADPH oxidases, such as p47phox, gp91phox, and nox4, was inhibited by cholecalciferol. I/R-induced upregulation of heme oxygenase- (HO-) 1, gshpx and gshrd, was attenuated in mice pretreated with cholecalciferol. Conclusions. Pretreatment with cholecalciferol protects against I/R-induced AKI partially through suppressing renal cellular stress response.
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Smelt, Hendrika J. M., Sjaak Pouwels, and Johannes F. Smulders. "The Influence of Different Cholecalciferol Supplementation Regimes on 25(OH) Cholecalciferol, Calcium and Parathyroid Hormone after Bariatric Surgery." Medicina 55, no. 6 (June 6, 2019): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060252.
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Background and objectives: Vitamin D is an essential vitamin that plays a key role in maintaining physiological calcium balance, and is also a pivotal element in the formation of bone structure. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a wide array of clinical symptoms. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are quite common prior to and after bariatric surgery, and therefore we have evaluated the effects of two different cholecalciferol supplementation regimes on serum calcium, 25(OH) cholecalciferol, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Materials and Methods: In this retrospective matched cohort study, two different cholecalciferol supplementation regimes were compared. Group A consisted of 50 patients who had 1000 mg calcium and 800 IU cholecalciferol. In Group B, 50 patients had 1000 mg calcium and 800 IU cholecalciferol with an additional 1 mL liquid cholecalciferol (50,000 IU) monthly. The primary outcome was the effects on blood serum levels of calcium, 25(OH) cholecalciferol, and PTH. Results: In group A and group B, there were significant increases in 25(OH) cholecalciferol, with a higher delta in favor of group B (for all three p < 0.001). A decrease was seen in PTH (p < 0.001), and no differences were measured in calcium levels in both groups. Conclusion: Our study suggests that an additional 1 mL cholecalciferol (50,000 IU) monthly can result in less biochemically 25(OH) cholecalciferol deficient patients after bariatric surgery. No effects were seen on the calcium balance. However, larger randomized clinical trials need to be done to assess the effects on clinical outcomes like bone health and fracture risk.
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&NA;. "Estrogen/norethisterone + cholecalciferol." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 432 (December 1992): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199204320-00056.
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Ozsoylu, Sinasi. "Cholecalciferol-dependent rickets." Lancet 349, no. 9053 (March 1997): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)60166-3.
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Utian, HL. "Cholecalciferol-dependent rickets." Lancet 349, no. 9053 (March 1997): 728–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)60167-5.
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Patel, Harilal, Prakash Patel, Chandrakant Bhatt, Ashok Ghoghari, Urvesh Patel, Mukesh Ukawalal, Shafiq Sheikh, Vikram Ramanathan, and Nuggehally Srinivas. "Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Cholecalciferol in Dogs from 2 Different Oral Formulations Using Corrective Measures to Overcome Interference from Endogenous Cholecalciferol." Drug Research 67, no. 07 (April 26, 2017): 388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-101527.
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AbstractThe aim of the preclinical investigation was to obtain single dose pharmacokinetics in dogs from 2 different oral cholecalciferol formulations using corrective measures to overcome the interference of endogenous cholecalciferol. 6 dogs were fasted overnight and the following day received 60 000 IU dose cholecalciferol [reference, Eris®, vs. test, Sunbless®] by oral dosing. Blood samples were collected on day 0 (baseline establishment) and after dosing on day 1 up to 28 days. The serum samples were extracted using protein precipitation/solid phase extraction and analysed to determine cholecalciferol by LC-MS/MS assay with calibrators prepared from cholecalciferol free serum. Standard pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out to assess pharmacokinetic parameters. An un-paired t-test was employed for comparing statistical significance between formulations. Serum cholecalciferol concentration vs. time profiles for the 2 formulations was almost superimposable. None of the pharmacokinetic parameters showed statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between the 2 treatments. For example: Cmax (ng/mL) and AUCinf (ng.h/mL) derived after the baseline corrections were 708.65 and 38 877.18 for reference and 743.71 and 40 665.51 for test, respectively. Pharmacokinetics of cholecalciferol was comparable between reference vs. test formulations. The procedures, baseline correction and employment of cholecalciferol devoid serum, can be readily adopted in future pharmacokinetic studies in animals or humans.
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Andrade, Jacqueline C., Maria Flaviana B. Morais Braga, Gláucia Morgana M. Guedes, Saulo R. Tintino, Maria A. Freitas, Lucindo J. Quintans, Jr., Irwin R. A. Menezes, and Henrique D. M. Coutinho. "Cholecalciferol, Ergosterol, and Cholesterol Enhance the Antibiotic Activity of Drugs." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 88, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2018): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000268.
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Abstract. Background: This is the first report demonstrating the antibiotic-modifying activity of cholecalciferol. Aim: In this study, cholecalciferol was evaluated against multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Methods: The antibacterial and modulatory effects of cholecalciferol, ergosterol, and cholesterol (8–512 μg/mL) were evaluated by microdilution assay against multiresistant bacterial strains. Results: Cholecalciferol, when combined with aminoglycosides, was more effective against P. aeruginosa, reducing the concentration of amikacin and gentamicin necessary to inhibit bacterial growth from 156.25 to 39.06 μg/mL and from 39.06 to 9.76 μg/mL, respectively. It is possible that cholecalciferol, due to its lipid-soluble nature, had a lipophilic interaction with the cell membrane, enhancing antibiotic uptake. Cholesterol and ergosterol were used to see if the mechanism of action of cholecalciferol was similar to that of these lipid compounds. Ergosterol and cholesterol increased aminoglycoside activity, where the effect was greater with higher subinhibitory concentration of sterol. Conclusions: There is no reported study on the use of cholesterol and ergosterol as modulators of antibiotics or any other drug, making this the first study in this area highlighting the interaction between cholesterol, ergosterol, and cholecalciferol with regard to modifying aminoglycoside activity.
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Aarts, Edo, Lenneke van Groningen, Ronald Horst, Darryl Telting, Adriaan van Sorge, Ignace Janssen, and Hans de Boer. "Vitamin D absorption: consequences of gastric bypass surgery." European Journal of Endocrinology 164, no. 5 (May 2011): 827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-10-1126.
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BackgroundSevere vitamin D deficiency is a common finding in morbid obesity, and the incidence increases markedly after RYGB. Normalization of vitamin D levels after RYGB is difficult to achieve because the degree of surgery-induced malabsorption is not known.ObjectiveTo develop a test that quantifies the changes in intestinal cholecalciferol absorption induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.MethodsAbsorption characteristics of cholecalciferol were studied in 14 morbidly obese, premenopausal women before and 4 weeks after laparoscopic RYGB. Serum cholecalciferol levels were measured at baseline and 1, 2, 3, and 14 days after a single oral dose of 50 000 IU solubilized cholecalciferol.ResultsPeak serum cholecalciferol levels were observed on day 1 in all patients. They were 26.6±3.7% lower after RYGB (P=0.02). Inter-individual variability was high.ConclusionPeak cholecalciferol levels are reduced by about 25% after RYGB. Further analysis suggested that the timing of sampling in the current study was not optimal. This might have caused an underestimation of the true decrease in cholecalciferol absorption induced by RYGB.
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Trivedi, Dahryn, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, and Snehasis Jana. "Characterization of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Cholecalciferol Using LC-MS and GC-MS Spectrometry." Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Science And Technology 2, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2328-0182.japst-21-3772.
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Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is a fat-soluble vitamin, which widely used for the prevention and treatment rickets, osteoporosis, arthritis, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, autoimmune disease, dementia, glucose intolerance, etc. The impact of the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the structural properties and the isotopic abundance ratio of cholecalciferol were evaluated using LC-MS and GC-MS spectroscopy. The test sample cholecalciferol was divided into control and treated parts. Only, the treated cholecalciferol was received the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi. The LC-MS spectra of both the samples at retention time (Rt) ~22 minutes exhibited the mass of the molecular ion peak at m/z 385.25 (calcd for C27H45O+, 385.35). The LC-MS based isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the treated cholecalciferol was increased by 0.74% compared with the control sample. But, the GC-MS based isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM and PM+2/PM in the treated cholecalciferol was significantly increased by 66.39% and 62.69%, respectively compared with the control sample. Hence,13C, 2H, 17O, and 18O contributions from C27H44O+ to m/z 386 and 387 in the treated cholecalciferol were significantly increased compared with the control sample. The isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 13C/12C or 17O/16O) and PM+2/PM (18O/16O) in the treated cholecalciferol were significantly increased as compared to the control sample. The increased isotopic composition of the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treated cholecalciferol might have altered the neutron to proton ratio in the nucleus via the possible mediation of neutrino. The increased isotopic abundance ratio of the treated cholecalciferol may increase the intra-atomic bond strength, increase its stability. The new form of cholecalciferol would be better designing novel pharmaceutical formulations that might be more stable and more efficacious for the prevention and treatment of various diseases such as vitamin D deficiency, rickets, osteoporosis, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, cancer, diabetes mellitus, mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, infections, influenza, cognitive impairment in older adults, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, autoimmune disease, dementia, glucose intolerance, multiple sclerosis, etc.
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Smelt, Pouwels, Celik, Gupta, and Smulders. "Assessment of Physical Fitness after Bariatric Surgery and Its Association with Protein Intake and Type of Cholecalciferol Supplementation." Medicina 55, no. 6 (June 17, 2019): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060281.
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: Background: Several studies showed that there is a relationship between vitamin and mineral status and muscle strength. In particular this is the case for handgrip strength (HS) and vitamin D deficiency. In bariatric surgery there is a risk of decrease in muscle strength after surgery and also vitamin and mineral deficiencies are not uncommon. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of low vitamin 25 (OH) cholecalciferol levels, high dose cholecalciferol supplementation regime and protein intake on physical fitness, measured using handgrip strength (HS) and the shuttle walk run test (SWRT). Methods: For this retrospective study, 100 patients who have had bariatric surgery were included. Group A (n = 50) used 800 IU oral cholecalciferol per day. Group B (n = 50) used 800 IU oral cholecalciferol daily and 50,000 IU liquid cholecalciferol monthly lifelong. Both groups were matched on common variables. To measure physical fitness, we used the HS manometer of Jamar and the Shuttle Walk Run Test (SWRT) to assess physical capacity. Results: No significant differences in HS and SWRT outcomes were found between patients with serum 25 (OH) cholecalciferol < 75 nmol/L or >75 nmol/L. The postoperative HS is significantly influenced by protein intake (p = 0.017) and no significant influence was seen in outcomes of the SWRT (p = 0.447). Conclusion: We have found that serum 25 (OH) cholecalciferol and different cholecalciferol supplementation regimes do not have a significant effect on HS and SWRT before, three and 6 months after surgery. It seems that protein intake plays a more important role in maintaining adequate muscle strength.
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Eason, C. T., M. Wickstrom, R. Henderson, L. Milne, and D. Arthur. "Nontarget and secondary poisoning risks associated with cholecalciferol." New Zealand Plant Protection 53 (August 1, 2000): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2000.53.3699.
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In New Zealand cholecalciferolcontaining baits are used for possum and rodent control We have assessed the primary and secondary nontarget hazards associated with these baits At 2000 mg/kg cholecalciferol had no adverse effects in ducks but some chickens and canaries died Weta and weka were not affected by eating bait containing cholecalciferol In secondary poisoning studies most dogs and cats fed carcasses of possums poisoned with cholecalciferol were unaffected but repeat exposures for 5 days induced some reversible signs of toxicosis in dogs The most distinguishing feature of cholecalciferol is a lower risk of secondary poisoning when compared with 1080 and brodifacoum
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Okoye, Chukwuma, Valeria Calsolaro, Filippo Niccolai, Alessia Maria Calabrese, Riccardo Franchi, Sara Rogani, Giulia Coppini, Virginia Morelli, Nadia Caraccio, and Fabio Monzani. "A Randomized, Open-Label Study to Assess Efficacy of Weekly Assumption of Cholecalciferol versus Calcifediol in Older Patients with Hypovitaminosis D." Geriatrics 7, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics7010013.
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The aim of this single-center, open-label, randomized controlled study was to evaluate which formulation of vitamin D—between cholecalciferol and calcifediol—is most effective in the treatment of hypovitaminosis D in older adults. Demographic characteristics, clinical history, and comprehensive geriatric assessment were recorded at admission. Eligible patients were randomly assigned an equivalent vitamin D supplement, either with cholecalciferol or calcifediol, from the time of hospital admission to three months after discharge. Among the 140 older patients included (mean age 83 ± 6.6 years, 57.8% females), 69 received cholecalciferol and 71 received calcifediol. The mean plasma values of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OH-vitamin D3) found at the time of enrollment were 16.8 ± 9.9 ng/mL in patients receiving cholecalciferol and 18.8 ± 13.3 ng/mL in those treated with calcifediol (p = 0.31). At the three month follow-up, the mean concentration of 25OH-vitamin D3 was significantly higher in patients treated with calcifediol than in those receiving cholecalciferol (30.7 ± 8.4 vs. 45.4 ± 9.8 ng/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). Supplementation with either cholecalciferol or calcifediol effectively results in reaching the optimal circulating values of 25OH-vitamin D3 in older patients suffering from hypovitaminosis D. However, supplementation with calcifediol led to average circulating values of 25OH-vitamin D3 that were significantly higher (over 50%) than those obtained with cholecalciferol.
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Descombes, Eric, Benoit Fellay, Ould Maouloud Hemett, Jean-Luc Magnin, and Gilbert Fellay. "Oral Postdialysis Cholecalciferol Supplementation in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Dose-Response Approach." International Journal of Nephrology 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/597429.
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dose of postdialysis cholecalciferol needed to maintain the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in the optimal range of 75–150 nmol/L. Twenty-six patients who had low baseline 25(OH)D levels (mean27.5±14.9 nmol/L) were studied. The 25(OH)D levels were measured every 2 months for one year. During the first two months, all the patients received 2000 IU of cholecalciferol after each hemodialysis (=6000 IU/wk). Thereafter, the dose was individualized and adapted every 2 months by administering 1 to 6 cholecalciferol tablets (2000 IU each) per week (total weekly dose = 2000–12000 IU/wk). During cholecalciferol supplementation, the 25(OH)D concentrations rapidly increased from baseline to140.1±28.3 nmol/L at month 6 and95.6±20.9 nmol/L at month 12. At month twelve, 86% of the patients had 25(OH)D levels within the target range with a mean dose of5917±4106 IU/wk of cholecalciferol; however, the amount needed to maintain these levels varied widely from 0 (n=2) to 12000 IU/wk (n=5). In conclusion, postdialysis cholecalciferol prescription is quite effective in correcting vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, but the amount of cholecalciferol needed to maintain the 25(OH)D levels within the optimal range over the long-term varies widely among patients and must be individualized.
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Yurt, Methap, Jie Liu, Reiko Sakurai, Ming Gong, Sumair M. Husain, Mohammed A. Siddiqui, Maleha Husain, et al. "Vitamin D supplementation blocks pulmonary structural and functional changes in a rat model of perinatal vitamin D deficiency." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 307, no. 11 (December 1, 2014): L859—L867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00032.2014.
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Whereas epidemiological data strongly link vitamin D (VD) deficiency to childhood asthma, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Although VD is known to stimulate alveolar epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, promoting perinatal lung maturation, whether VD supplementation during this period protects against childhood asthma has not been demonstrated experimentally. Using an in vivo rat model, we determined the effects of perinatal VD deficiency on overall pulmonary function and the tracheal contraction as a functional marker of airway contractility. One month before pregnancy, rat dams were put on either a no cholecalciferol-added or a 250, 500, or 1,000 IU/kg cholecalciferol-added diet, which was continued throughout pregnancy and lactation. At postnatal day 21, offspring plasma 25(OH)D levels and pulmonary function (whole body plethysmography and tracheal contraction response to acetylcholine) were determined. 25(OH)D levels were lowest in the no cholecalciferol-supplemented group, increasing incrementally in response to cholecalciferol supplementation. Compared with the 250 and 500 IU/kg VD-supplemented groups, the no cholecalciferol-supplemented group demonstrated a significant increase in airway resistance following methacholine challenge. However, the cholecalciferol deficiency-mediated increase in tracheal contractility in the cholecalciferol-depleted group was only blocked by supplementation with 500 IU/kg cholecalciferol. Therefore, in addition to altering alveolar epithelial-mesenchymal signaling, perinatal VD deficiency also alters airway contractility, providing novel insights to asthma pathogenesis in perinatally VD-deficient offspring. Perinatal VD supplementation at 500 IU/kg appears to effectively block these effects of perinatal VD deficiency in the rat model used, providing a strong clinical rationale for effective perinatal VD supplementation for preventing childhood asthma.
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Camu, William, Philippe Lehert, Charles Pierrot-Deseilligny, Patrick Hautecoeur, Anne Besserve, Anne-Sophie Jean Deleglise, Marianne Payet, Eric Thouvenot, and Jean Claude Souberbielle. "Cholecalciferol in relapsing-remitting MS: A randomized clinical trial (CHOLINE)." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 6, no. 5 (August 6, 2019): e597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000597.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of cholecalciferol in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).MethodsIn this double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group, 2-year study, 181 patients with RRMS were randomized 1:1. Key inclusion criteria were a low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) concentration (<75 nmol/L), a treatment with interferon beta-1a 44 μg (SC 3 times per week) 4 months ± 2 months before randomization, and at least one documented relapse during the previous 2 years. Patients received high-dose oral cholecalciferol 100,000 IU or placebo every other week for 96 weeks. Primary outcome measure was the change in the annualized relapse rate (ARR) at 96 weeks. Secondary objectives included safety and tolerability of cholecalciferol and efficacy assessments (ARR, MRI parameters, and Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS]).ResultsThe primary end point was not met. In patients who completed the 2-year follow-up (45 with cholecalciferol and 45 with placebo), all efficacy parameters favored cholecalciferol with an ARR reduction (p = 0.012), less new hypointense T1-weighted lesions (p = 0.025), a lower volume of hypointense T1-weighted lesions (p = 0.031), and a lower progression of EDSS (p = 0.026). The overall rate of adverse events was well balanced between groups.ConclusionsAlthough the primary end point was not met, these data suggest a potential treatment effect of cholecalciferol in patients with RRMS already treated with interferon beta-1a and low serum 25OHD concentration. Together with the good safety profile, these data support the exploration of cholecalciferol treatment in such patients with RRMS.Clinicaltrials.gov identifierNCT01198132.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class II evidence that for patients with RRMS and low serum 25OHD, cholecalciferol did not significantly affect ARRs.
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Fedotova, J., and T. Dudnichenko. "Modifications of depression-like behavior in the adult ovariectomized female rats treated with different doses of cholecalciferol." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.708.
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The aim of the preclinical study was to examine the effects of chronic the effects of chronic cholecalciferol administration (1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day, s.c., once daily, for 14 days) on depression-like behavior following ovariectomy in rats. Cholecalciferol was administered to the ovariectomized (OVX) rats and OVX rats treated with 17β-estradiol (17β-E2, 0.5 μg/rat, s.c., once daily, for 14 days). Depression-like behavior was assessed in the forced swimming test (FST) and the spontaneous locomotor activity was assessed using the open field test (OFT). Treatment with cholecalciferol in high dose (5.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) significantly decreased immobility time of OVX rats in the FST. Co-administration of cholecalciferol in high dose with 17β-E2 exerted a markedly synergistic antidepressant-like effect in the OVX rats on the same model of depression-like behavior testing. Cholecalciferol in high dose administered alone or together with 17β-E2 significantly enhanced frequency of grooming of the OVX rats in the OFT. Moreover, cholecalciferol in high dose administered alone or together with 17β-E2 significantly decreased the elevated corticosterone levels in the blood serum of OVX rats following the FST. These results indicate that cholecalciferol in high dose has a marked antidepressant-like effect in the adult female rats with low levels of estrogen. The data also indicate that the combination of cholecalciferol in high dose and 17β-E2 is more effective than 17β-E2 alone in OVX rats inducing a more profound antidepressant-like effect in the FST.Russian Science Foundation (RSF) funded the reported study accordingly to the research project № 16-15-10053.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Mohammed, A., M. J. Gibney, and T. G. Taylor. "The effects of dietary levels of inorganic phosphorus, calcium and cholecalciferol on the digestibility of phytate-P by the chick." British Journal of Nutrition 66, no. 2 (September 1991): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19910029.
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Male broiler chicks (1-d-old; Ross one) were given either a control diet containing recommended levels of phosphorus, calcium and cholecalciferol or experimental diets low in P and with variable levels of Ca (normal and low) and cholecalciferol (normal or high). The low-P diet with normal levels of Ca and cholecalciferol induced a hypophosphataemia and a hypercalcaemia which was reflected in reduced tibia length and weight and in reduced Ca, P and magnesium contents of tibia. The phytate digestibility remained normal while the retention of P and Ca fell significantly. The lowering of Ca alone elevated phytate digestibility and restored P and Ca retention. The hypercalcaemia and hypophosphataemia remained and tibia mineralization remained impaired. The raising of cholecalciferol alone dramatically increased phytate digestibility and the retention of Ca and P. While this remedied the hypercalcaemia, the hypophosphataemia persisted as did the diminution of tibia weight. The simultaneous lowering of dietary Ca and elevation of cholecalciferol on low-P diets restored all variables to the levels for the control diet. Circulating levels of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol were significantly elevated by low-P diets, more so with high cholecalciferol intakes. However, Ca did not influence 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol levels in plasma
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Bella, Leonardo M., Isis Fieri, Fernando H. G. Tessaro, Eduardo L. Nolasco, Fernanda P. B. Nunes, Sabrina S. Ferreira, Carolina B. Azevedo, and Joilson O. Martins. "Vitamin D Modulates Hematological Parameters and Cell Migration into Peritoneal and Pulmonary Cavities in Alloxan-Diabetic Mice." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7651815.
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Background/Aims. The effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on the course of diabetes in humans and animals need to be better understood. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of short-term cholecalciferol supplementation on biochemical and hematological parameters in mice.Methods. Male diabetic (alloxan, 60 mg/kg i.v., 10 days) and nondiabetic mice were supplemented with cholecalciferol for seven days. The following parameters were determined: serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, phosphorus, calcium, urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, red blood cell count, white blood cell count (WBC), hematocrit, hemoglobin, differential cell counts of peritoneal lavage (PeL), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and morphological analysis of lung, kidney, and liver tissues.Results. Relative to controls, cholecalciferol supplementation increased serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell counts and decreased leukocyte cell counts of PeL and BAL fluids in diabetic mice. Diabetic mice that were not treated with cholecalciferol had lower serum calcium and albumin levels and hemoglobin, WBC, and mononuclear blood cell counts and higher serum creatinine and urea levels than controls.Conclusion. Our results suggest that cholecalciferol supplementation improves the hematological parameters and reduces leukocyte migration into the PeL and BAL lavage of diabetic mice.
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Behairy, Maha A., Reem M. Elsharabasy, Abdel Bassit El Shaarawy, Walid Anwar, Zeinab Ahmed Mahmoud, and Lina Essam Khedr. "Oral versus intramuscular cholecalciferol replacement in hemodialysis patients with vitamin D deficiency." Journal of Nephropharmacology 11, no. 1 (June 19, 2021): e7-e7. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/npj.2022.07.
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Introduction: Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level in hemodialysis (HD) patients is associated with high bone turnover, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and decreased bone mineral density (BMD). Objective: To investigate the efficacy of equivalent doses of pulse oral cholecalciferol versus intramuscular (IM) cholecalciferol in correcting serum 25(OH)D levels in HD patients with vitamin D deficiency. Patients and Methods: In a prospective randomized open-label clinical trial, 80 HD patients with 25(OH)D level <20 ng/mL and serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level >100 pg/mL were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups. Group I: 40 HD patients received oral cholecalciferol 25 000 IU weekly for 12 weeks. Group II: 40 HD patients received a single dose of IM cholecalciferol 300 000 IU. Patients were maintained on their regular medications as alfacalcidol or phosphate binders. Serum calcium, phosphorus, 25(OH)D, alkaline phosphatase and iPTH were monitored at 0, 6th, and 12th week of intervention. Results: Significant increase in serum 25(OH)D level in group II patients who received IM (intramuscular) cholecalciferol, with delta mean a change of vitamin D level was 2.92 ±7.29 ng/mL over three months in comparison to the insignificant change in oral cholecalciferol group. Additionally there was a significant increase in the mean of serum calcium in comparison to oral cholecalciferol group, while we found a statistically significant decrease in alkaline phosphatase level in both groups too (P<0.05). The mean of iPTH levels was reduced significantly with IM cholecalciferol dose (1064.00 ± 787.60 to 609.9 ± 551.41 pg/mL; P<0.05). Conclusion: Intramuscular cholecalciferol dose is more effective at increasing 25(OH) D levels in dialysis patients than oral supplementation, achieves more increase in serum calcium and reduce iPTH levels. However, the longer duration of treatment is required to achieve recommended levels of vitamin D and suppress high iPTH levels.
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SAINAGHI, PIER PAOLO, MATTIA BELLAN, ALESSANDRA NERVIANI, DANIELE SOLA, ROSSELLA MOLINARI, CHIARA CERUTTI, and MARIO PIRISI. "Superiority of a High Loading Dose of Cholecalciferol to Correct Hypovitaminosis D in Patients with Inflammatory/Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases." Journal of Rheumatology 40, no. 2 (December 15, 2012): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.120536.
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Objective.To compare 3 different cholecalciferol supplementation regimens in patients with rheumatic diseases.Methods.One hundred fifty-four patients who completed a 6-month course of cholecalciferol supplementation, of whom 111 had an autoimmune/inflammatory rheumatic disease (ARD) and 43 osteoarthritis (NARD), were retrospectively identified from a database of 872 consecutive adult patients who attended a tertiary level immuno-rheumatology clinic from 2007 to 2010. Patients with renal failure or primary hyperparathyroidism were excluded. Plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations were evaluated at baseline and after completion of treatment with (i) a single oral dose of cholecalciferol 300,000 IU, followed by oral cholecalciferol 800–1000 IU daily for 6 months [high-dose loading treatment (HLT) group; n = 40]; (ii) a single oral dose of cholecalciferol 100,000 IU, followed by daily oral cholecalciferol as above [low-dose loading treatment (LLT) group; n = 30]; or (iii) daily oral cholecalciferol as above but without the loading dose [standard therapy (ST); n = 84].Results.The rates of serum 25(OH)D and PTH normalization (defined as values > 75 nmol/l and < 72.9 pg/ml, respectively) were as follows: HLT, 52.5% (95% CI 37.5–68.5) and 69.2% (95% CI 54.7–83.3); LLT, 36.7% (95% CI 19.7–54.3) and 53.8% (95% CI 36.2–71.8); ST, 31.0% (95% CI 21.1–40.9) and 35.0% (95% CI 14.1–55.9). All regimes increased 25(OH)D (p < 0.001) but only HLT reduced PTH (p < 0.01) in comparison to baseline. The ARD group had a similar 25(OH)D increase but a smaller PTH reduction than the NARD (p < 0.05).Conclusion.An HLT cholecalciferol regimen is needed to correct hypovitaminosis D of patients with rheumatic diseases, with superior 25(OH)D normalization and PTH suppression rates at 6 months.
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Maheshwari, Nathumal, Omperkash Khemani, Siri Chand, Bilawal Hingorjo, Mehmood Shaikh, and Anjum Rehman. "CHILDHOOD BRONCHIAL ASTHMA." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 11 (November 10, 2018): 1677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4352.
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Objectives: Determine serum cholecalciferol in childhood bronchial asthma andits association with asthma severity. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration:Department of Paediatrics, Layari General Hospital, Shaheed Muhtrama Benazir Bhutto MedicalCollege Karachi from January 2015 – November 2016. Subjects and Methods: 100 diagnosedcases of childhood bronchial asthma and 100 controls were included. 5 ml venous blood wasused for the full blood counts and sera were used for the serum cholecalciferol and IgE. Datawas analysed on statistical software (SPSS v 22.0, IBM, Incorporation, USA) at 95% confidenceinterval (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Mean ± SD age of controls and cases was noted 8.23±1.84 and9.40 ±0.54 years. Low serum cholecalciferol was noted in the cases compared to the controls(25.7±14.5 vs. 38.3±15.5 ng/dl) (p=0.0001) with a rise in blood eosinophil, absolute eosinophilcounts and serum Ig E. Serum cholecalciferol shows negative correlation with serum IgE, bloodeosinophil and absolute eosinophil counts. Conclusion: The present study reports low serumcholecalciferol in childhood bronchial asthma. Cholecalciferol shows negative association withseverity of asthma.
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Khokhlov, Alexander L., and Dmitry P. Romodanovsky. "Review of bioequivalence studies of cholecalciferol drugs." Research Results in Pharmacology 6, no. 3 (September 24, 2020): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.6.54929.
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Introduction: The general requirements for assessing bioequivalence of endogenous drugs are described in the relevant guidelines, but they do not provide a complete picture of how to adequately develop a design of such a study. The aim of this article is to offer recommendations on the development of a design for bioequivalence studies of endogenous drugs, using cholecalciferol as an example. Materials and methods: A systematic review of our database on the results of bioequivalence studies of generic drugs revealed one study of cholecalciferol drugs, which was performed using a simple cross-over design. The study involved 24 healthy adult subjects. The data of 24 volunteers were retrospectively analyzed to identify endogenous cholecalciferol concentrations and intraindividual variability (CVintra) for Cmax and AUC0-t. As part of a retrospective analysis, we also assessed gender differences of pharmacokinetics. Results and discussion: Assessment of the bioequivalence of cholecalciferol drugs was complicated by the presence of endogenous concentrations of cholecalciferol for the tested drug – 1.27 (±0.55) ng/ml and for the reference drug – 0.98 (±0.55) ng/ml. The results of the analysis of the intraindividual variability of Cmax and AUC0-72 of the tested and reference drugs showed the following CVintra values – 22.80% and 21.58%, respectively. A comparative analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters did not reveal statistically significant gender differences. The article presents approaches to the planning of future bioequivalence studies of cholecalciferol drugs. Conclusion: Cholecalciferol is not a highly variable drug; however, it relates to drugs – analogues of endogenous compounds, which requires determining the endogenous concentrations.
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Al-Makki, Akram, Kaitlin Frost, Sang-A. Yun, Brian Overholser, and Brian Shepler. "Ergocalciferol Versus Cholecalciferol in Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Small Retrospective Cohort Study." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 22 (December 2, 2019): 593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/jpps30581.
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Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to measure the difference between cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol in their ability to effect vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and phosphorous serum concentrations in patients with stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted within a single-center ambulatory nephrology clinic. Patients eligible for the study were identified through medical records displaying each patient’s initiation on either ergocalciferol or cholecalciferol from 2013 to 2016. Patients’ baseline vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorous serum concentrations were taken prior to treatment initiation, and patients were reassessed with a second measurement within 12 months of therapy. Results: Out of 149 eligible patients, 110 were excluded. There were 33 patients included on cholecalciferol and 6 patients on ergocalciferol. A significant difference was observed in the percent change of phosphorous serum concentrations from baseline following drug administration (p=0.03). The mean changes from baseline to final serum phosphorous concentrations (mg/dL) were 0.12 and -0.3 for cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol, respectively. There was no significant difference in vitamin D (14.9, 15.1, p=0.97), PTH (5.6, 2.3, p=0.72), or calcium (0.05, -0.17, p=0.08) serum concentrations between cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol, respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in the mean change in serum phosphorous concentrations within the cholecalciferol group compared to the ergocalciferol group. Conclusion: In this small pilot study, cholecalciferol treatment appeared to increase serum phosphorous concentrations compared to ergocalciferol. These observations may warrant further large-scale studies that are appropriately powered to validate such findings.
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Jolly, SE, RJ Henderson, C. Frampton, and CT Eason. "Cholecalciferol Toxicity and Its Enhancement by Calcium Carbonate in the Common Brushtail Possum." Wildlife Research 22, no. 5 (1995): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9950579.
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The common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula), an introduced pest in New Zealand, is susceptible to cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), which is marketed as a rodenticide in many countries. To evaluate cholecalciferol for possum control we offered 242 caged adult possums cereal pellets containing cholecalciferol on its own or with calcium carbonate. Mortality was recorded for two weeks after presentation. For cholecalciferol on its own the LD50 was 16.8 mg kg-1 (95% confidence interval 11.6-21.9 mg kg-1), but the addition of calcium carbonate reduced this to 9.8 mg kg-1 (95% confidence interval 7.0-12.7 mg kg-1). When the sexes were analysed separately, the reduction of the LDS0 by the addition of calcium carbonate was significant only in females. The addition of calcium carbonate appeared to result in a more predictable outcome as shown by the reduced confidence intervals. For possum control, adding calcium carbonate to cholecalciferol bait would improve the bait's efficacy, decrease the amount of toxic material needed, and reduce the cost of bait production.
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Landy, Nasir, Farshid Kheiri, Mostafa Faghani, and Ramin Bahadoran. "Investigation of different levels of cholecalciferol and its metabolite in calcium and phosphorus deficient diets on growth performance, tibia bone ash and development of tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 43 (November 6, 2020): e48816. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.48816.
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This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of 1-α(OH)D3 alone or in combination with different levels of cholecalciferol on performance, and tibia parameters of one-d–old male broilers fed a tibial dyschondroplasia (TD)-inducing diet. A total of three hundred male broilers were randomly allocated to 5 treatment groups with 4 replicates. The dietary treatments consisted of TD inducing diet, TD inducing diet supplemented with 5 μg per kg of 1-α(OH)D3; TD inducing diet supplemented with 5 μg per kg of 1-α(OH)D3 and 1,500; 3,000 or 5,000 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet. At 42 d of age, broiler chickens fed diets containing 1-α(OH)D3 and 1,500 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet had higher body weight (p < 0.05). In the complete experimental period the best FCR and the highest daily weight gain were obtained in broilers supplemented with 1-α(OH)D3 and 1,500 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet. Broilers supplemented with 1-α(OH)D3 and 1,500 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet had significantly lower incidence and severity of TD in comparison with other groups. In conclusion, the results indicated that the supplementation of 1-α(OH)D3 in combination of 1,500 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet could maximize tibia bone ash, performance and prevent TD in broilers fed TD inducing diet.
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Shams, Shahab, Farshid Kheiri, and Nasir Landy. "The effects of 1a(OH)D3 individually or in combination with phytase, and different levels of cholecalciferol on performance, tibia criteria, and plasma minerals of Japanese quails." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 44 (March 7, 2022): e54218. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.54218.
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The aim of studywas to compare efficacy of 1-α(OH)D3 alone or in combination with phytase and 1-α(OH)D3 in combination of phytase and different concentration of cholecalciferol on performance, tibia parameters, andplasma minerals of quails fed Ca-P deficient diet. A total of 280 mixed sex 5-d-old quails were allocated to 7 treatments with 5 replicates. The vitamin supplement which incorporated to basal diet did not contain cholecalciferol. The dietary treatments were as follows: Ca-P deficient diet (basal diet); basal diet + 500 FTU phytase/kg of diet; basal diet + phytase + 5 μg of 1-α(OH)D3 kg-1 of diet;basal diet + phytase + 5 μg of 1-α(OH)D3 and 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 IU of cholecalciferol kg-1of diet. The highest final body weight and the best feed conversion ratioobtained in the group supplemented with 1,000 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet (p < 0.05). Supplementation of 1-α(OH)D3 alone or in combination with phytase and phytase and different concentration of cholecalciferol could improve tibia parameters (p < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of 1-α(OH)D3 alone to Ca-P deficient diet could maximize tibia mineralization, whereas it couldn't maximize performance, performance criteria were maximized by supplementation of 1,000 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet.
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Jana, Kallol, and Beduin Mahanti. "An Improved Efficient Chromatographic Development and Validation for Quantitative Determination of Rosuvastatin Calcium and Cholecalciferol in Solid Pharmaceutical Tablets Dosage Forms." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 13, no. 04 (September 1, 2022): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.13.4.15.
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The simple, reliable, sensitive and isocratic analytical chromatography was developed for the estimation, separation and validation of both the drugs rosuvastatin calcium and cholecalciferol in tablets dosage forms. Chromatographic elution was attained by C18 thermo, 250 x 4.6 mm column, with particle size 5 μm and 1.5 mL per minute flow rate using mobile phase as methanol : acetonitrile : triethanolamine (55:45:0.4%). Detection of both drugs were monitored at 265 nm. The retention time of rosuvastatin calcium and cholecalciferol were 1.336 and 6.031 minutes, respectively and overall chromatographic run time was approximately 20 minutes. The establishment of linearity was done in concentration of 70–130 μg/mL ( r2 = 0.995) and 7–13 IU ( r2 = 0.983), respectively in rosuvastatin calcium and cholecalciferol. The limit of detection (LoD) 0.88 and 0.11 and limit of quantification (LoQ) was 2.66 and 0.34 for rosuvastatin calcium and cholecalciferol, respectively. Accuracy (recovery) was between 94.34 to 103.51% and 100.82 to 102.46% for rosuvastatin calcium and cholecalciferol, respectively. The developed and validated chromatographic method was within the acceptable limits for both the drugs with precision, robustness, accuracy, ruggedness, and stability of the solution and the relative standard deviation was less then 2. The proposed chromatographic method is precise, accurate, rapid, time effective, simple, reproducible for routine quantitative estimation of both the drugs rosuvastatin calcium and cholecalciferol in solid pharmaceutical tablets dosage forms
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Ling, Stephanie F., Eleanor Broad, Rebecca Murphy, Joseph M. Pappachan, Satveer Pardesi-Newton, Marie-France Kong, and Edward B. Jude. "High-Dose Cholecalciferol Booster Therapy is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Centre Observational Study." Nutrients 12, no. 12 (December 11, 2020): 3799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123799.
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The worldwide pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed the most substantial and severe public health issue for several generations, and therapeutic options have not yet been optimised. Vitamin D (in its “parent” form, cholecalciferol) has been proposed in the pharmacological management of COVID-19 by various sources. We aimed to determine whether COVID-19 mortality was affected by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, vitamin D status, or cholecalciferol therapy, and to elucidate any other predictors of COVID-19 mortality. Patients hospitalised with COVID-19 were opportunistically recruited from three UK hospitals, and their data were collected retrospectively. Logistic regression was used to determine any relationships between COVID-19 mortality and potential predictors, including 25(OH)D levels and cholecalciferol booster therapy. A total of 986 participants with COVID-19 were studied, of whom 151 (16.0%) received cholecalciferol booster therapy. In the primary cohort of 444 patients, cholecalciferol booster therapy was associated with a reduced risk of COVID-19 mortality, following adjustment for potential confounders (ORadj 0.13, 95% CI 0.05–0.35, p < 0.001). This finding was replicated in a validation cohort of 541 patients (ORadj 0.38, 95% CI 0.17–0.84, p = 0.018). In this observational study, treatment with cholecalciferol booster therapy, regardless of baseline serum 25(OH)D levels, appears to be associated with a reduced risk of mortality in acute in-patients admitted with COVID-19. Further work with large population studies needs to be carried out to determine adequate serum 25(OH)D levels, as well as multi-dose clinical trials of cholecalciferol therapy to assess maximum efficacy.
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Lee, Su Mi, Mi Hwa Lee, Young Ki Son, Seong Eun Kim, and Won Suk An. "Combined Treatment with Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Cholecalciferol Increases 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Levels by Modulating Dysregulation of Vitamin D Metabolism in 5/6 Nephrectomy Rats." Nutrients 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 2903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11122903.
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The protein 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) was expressed in liver and omega-3 fatty acid (FA) elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] levels in dialysis patients. The aim of this study was to determine whether omega-3 FA and cholecalciferol have effects on vitamin D metabolism related to CYP27B1 and 24-hydroxylase (CYP24) activities in the kidney and liver of 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into the following groups: sham control, 5/6 Nx, 5/6 Nx treated with cholecalciferol, 5/6 Nx treated with omega-3 FA, and 5/6 Nx treated with cholecalciferol/omega-3 FA. CYP27B1 and CYP24 expression were measured in the liver and kidney. Further, 1,25(OH)2D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were measured in serum. Among Nx groups, 1,25(OH)2D and 25(OH)D levels were lowest in the 5/6 Nx group. CYP24 expression was increased in the kidney of the 5/6 Nx rat model, which was found to be reversed by omega-3 FA or cholecalciferol/omega-3 FA supplementation. Decreased CYP27B1 expression was observed in the liver of the 5/6 Nx rats and its expression was recovered by supplementation with cholecalciferol/omega-3 FA. In conclusion, omega-3 FA and cholecalciferol may synergistically increase 1,25(OH)2D levels by inhibiting CYP24 expression in the kidney and liver and activating CYP27B1 expression in the liver of 5/6 Nx rats.
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Khawaja, Nahla, Mohammed Liswi, Mohammed El-Khateeb, Dana Hyassat, Dalila Bajawi, Mayada Elmohtaseb, Hussein Alkhateeb, and Kamel Ajlouni. "Vitamin D Dosing Strategies Among Jordanians With Hypovitaminosis D." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 30, no. 2 (July 8, 2016): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190015626334.
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Objective: To compare between weekly and daily cholecalciferol in patients with hypovitaminosis D and to determine the optimal maintenance dose. Methods: Seventy-one volunteers with hypovitaminosis D were randomly assigned to 2 dose regimens: cholecalciferol 50 000 IU weekly for 8 weeks, then 50 000 IU monthly for 2 months (group A) and 7000 IU daily for 8 weeks, then 12 500 IU weekly for 2 months (group B). Cholecalciferol was stopped for 2 months and reintroduced as 50 000 IU bimonthly for group A and 50 000 IU monthly for group B. Results: Two months after therapy, the mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level increased from 11.4 to 51.2 ng/mL and from 11.7 to 44.9 ng/mL in groups A and B, respectively ( P = .065). The levels of 25(OH)D declined similarly in both groups during maintenance and after holding therapy. After resuming cholecalciferol, 25(OH)D levels increased to 33.8 and 28.8 ng/mL in groups A and B, respectively ( P = .027). There was a negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and body mass index (BMI; P = .040). Conclusion: Timing and frequency of the dosing (daily vs weekly) have no effect on the rise in serum 25(OH)D levels as long as the accumulative dose of cholecalciferol is similar. Cholecalciferol 50 000 IU bimonthly is required to maintain sufficient 25(OH)D levels.
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Hymøller, Lone, and Søren K. Jensen. "25-Hydroxycholecalciferol status in plasma is linearly correlated to daily summer pasture time in cattle at 56°N." British Journal of Nutrition 108, no. 4 (February 6, 2012): 666–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511005964.
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In vitro studies with skin samples or pure precursors of cholecalciferol indicated that cholecalciferol synthesis during UV light exposure is a non-linear process. However, in vitro studies indicate nothing about the relationship between sunlight exposure and physiological cholecalciferol status of living organisms. Due to the lack of cholecalciferol in plant material, this relationship is important for herbivores including domestic cattle, particularly in organic agriculture, because the use of synthetic additives, like cholecalciferol, is restricted in order to fulfil the principles of sustainable organic production. The major physiological metabolite of cholecalciferol is the liver-derived 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3). The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between sunlight exposure and 25(OH)D3 status in vivo in large herbivores during mid-summer at 56°N. Five groups of cows were given access to pasture during 15, 30, 75, 150 or 300 min daily for 28 d in June and plasma analysed for 25(OH)D3. Animals allowed 15, 30 or 75 min of daily access to pasture showed a declining linear relationship between plasma 25(OH)D3 and sampling day in contrast to animals allowed 150 or 300 min of pasture access which showed linear increasing plasma 25(OH)D3 status. Determined from the slopes of 25(OH)D3 concentration curves within treatments, breakeven for maintaining the initial 25(OH)D3 status of 45 nmol/l was 90 min pasture access per d during summer at 56°N.
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Stancheva, Mona, Diana A. Dobreva, and Bistra Galunska. "Retinol, cholecalciferol and alpha-tocopherol contents of Bulgarian Black Sea fish species." Analele Universitatii "Ovidius" Constanta - Seria Chimie 23, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10310-012-0004-7.
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AbstractThe aim of the present study is to determine and to compare the content of retinol, cholecalciferol and alpha-tocopherol in edible tissue of two Black sea fishes - Garfish (Belone belone) and Turbot (Psetta maxima). All-trans-retinol (vitamin A), cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) were analyzed simultaneously using HPLC/UV/FL system (Thermo Scientific Spectra SYSTEM) equipped with RP analytical column. The mobile phase was composed of 97:3 = MeOH:H2O. Retinol and cholecalciferol were monitored by UV detection at lmax = 325 nm and lmax = 265 nm, respectively. Alpha-tocopherol was detected by fluorescence at lex=288 nm and lem=332 nm. The sample preparation procedure includes alkaline saponification, followed by liquid-liquid extraction. Quantities of all-trans-retinol and cholecalciferol were higher in garfish tissues while alpha-tocopherol content in turbot showed seven times higher values.
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Pérez-Castrillon, Jose-Luis, Ricardo Usategui-Martín, and Pawel Pludowski. "Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency with Calcifediol: Efficacy and Safety Profile and Predictability of Efficacy." Nutrients 14, no. 9 (May 5, 2022): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091943.
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Calcifediol (25-OH-vitamin D3) is the prohormone of the vitamin D endocrine system. It is used to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency. Calcifediol, as well as cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), is efficient and safe in the general population, although calcifediol has certain advantages over cholecalciferol, such as its rapid onset of action and greater potency. This review analyzed studies comparing the efficacy and safety of both calcifediol and cholecalciferol drugs in the short and long term (>6 months). Calcifediol was found to be more efficacious, with no increase in toxicity. We also assessed the predictability of both molecules. A 25OHD increase depends on the dose and frequency of calcifediol administration. In contrast, after cholecalciferol administration, 25OHD increase depends on more factors than dose and frequency of administration, also phenotypic aspects (such as obesity and malabsorption), and genotypic factors impacts in this increase.
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Bo Jansen, Rasmus, and Ole Lander Svendsen. "The Effect of Oral Loading Doses of Cholecalciferol on the Serum Concentration of 25-OH-Vitamin-D." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 84, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2014): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000192.
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Background/Objectives: Severe vitamin D deficiency can be treated with oral loading doses of cholecalciferol. Our objective was to develop an algorithm to accurately calculate the amount of cholecalciferol needed for a loading dose, and what factors should be taken into account.Methods: Two studies were conducted on subjects with Vitamin D deficiency. Study 1 was observational, retrospective and included 88 subjects treated with a daily supplementation of cholecalciferol. 60 of these furthermore received a loading dose, calculated by an algorithm.Study 2 was prospective and included 29 subjects treated with a cholecalciferol loading dose, calculated by an algorithm developed based on data from study 1, which included BMI.Results: Baseline 25OH-vit.D was below 25 nmol/L (study 1) and 23 nmol/L (study 2). Subjects were given a single loading dose of cholecalciferol, averaging 172,000 IU (study 1) and 212,000 IU (study 2), based on their baseline 25OH-vit.D level.25OH-vit.D increased by 35 nmol/L (study 1) and 56 nmol/L (study 2)(range 113.0, SD 29.79) respectively. In study 2 the increase lead to an end 25OH-vit.D of 79 nmol/L - not significantly different from the target value of 80 nmol/L (P = 0.46). The increase in 25OH-vit.D in study 1 was significantly lower than in study 2 (P<0.001).Conclusion: When calculating loading doses of cholecalciferol, taking subject BMI into account gives a better estimate of the loading dose of vitamin D3 needed to treat vitamin D deficiency. It does not, however, remove the large interindividual variation in dose-response.
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Corrado, Addolorata, Cinzia Rotondo, Daniela Cici, Stefano Berardi, and Francesco Paolo Cantatore. "Effects of Different Vitamin D Supplementation Schemes in Post-Menopausal Women: A Monocentric Open-Label Randomized Study." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020380.
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Background: The improvement of muscular strength is a well-known extra-skeletal effect of Vitamin D. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the calcifediol supplementation compared to various cholecalciferol administration schedules in increasing 25(OH)D serum levels and improving muscular function. Methods: 107 post-menopausal women with hypovitaminosis D were assigned to receive Vitamin D supplementation according to four different regimens: colecalciferol single, monthly, or weekly oral dose and calcifediol weekly oral dose. Serum levels of 25(OH)D and muscular function of lower limbs (Sit-to-Stand test and Timed-Up-and-Go test) were evaluated at baseline and during 6 months follow-up. Results: Calcifediol and weekly cholecalciferol induced a greater and faster increase of serum 25(OH)D, compared to monthly or single-dose cholecalciferol administration. The 25(OH)D increase was associated with an improvement of muscle function of lower limbs. The larger increase of serum 25(OH)D observed with calcifediol and with weekly cholecalciferol was associated with a concomitant greater improvement of muscle strength. Conclusions: Supplementation with calcifediol is more effective and faster compared to cholecalciferol in increasing 25(OH)D serum levels and is associated with a greater improvement of muscular function, thus representing a therapeutic alternative for treatment of hypovitaminosis D.
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Klinger, Christoph J., Stefan Hobi, Cornelia Johansen, Hans-Joachim Koch, Karin Weber, and Ralf S. Mueller. "Vitamin D shows in vivo efficacy in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomised clinical trial on canine atopic dermatitis." Veterinary Record 182, no. 14 (February 1, 2018): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104492.
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Atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs is among the most common skin diseases in small animal practice. It is an inflammatory disease based on a genetic predisposition to develop hypersensitivity against environmental and food allergens and typical clinical signs up exposure. Treatment sometimes can be difficult and associated with adverse effects. Previous studies evaluating cholecalciferol as treatment for human AD have shown promising results. With canine AD being a good animal model for its human counterpart, it was hypothesised that cholecalciferol might have beneficial clinical effects in dogs, too. In this randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded eight-week cross-over study, 23 client-owned dogs received either systemic cholecalciferol (n=16), a vitamin D receptor analogue (n=8) or placebo (n=13). Blood samples for ionised calcium were obtained regularly during the study, and Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index and pruritus scores, blood levels of vitamin D metabolites, measurements of skin pH and transepidermal water loss were determined before and after. Pruritus and lesion scores decreased significantly in the cholecalciferol group versus placebo. No differences in water loss or skin pH were observed. An increase in serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol strongly correlated with a reduction in pruritus. Systemic cholecalciferol may be a viable treatment option for canine AD.
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Sakinah, Elly Nurus. "The role of Cholecalciferol in the Improvement of Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Mice Model." Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences 3, no. 3 (December 12, 2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ams.v3i3.6146.
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Insulin resistance is an important predictor of the incidence of diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D deficiency is one of the risk factors for insulin resistance, and there is a relationship between hypovitaminosis vitamin D with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Cholecalciferol is one form of vitamin D3. HOMA-IR levels are one of the parameters of insulin resistance. This study aims to prove that administration of cholecalciferol can improve insulin resistance conditions in diabetic mice model. This study used 20 mice divided into 5 groups negative control(STZ+propilen glycol), positive control (STZ+metformin), P1(STZ+cholealciferol 25ng), P2(STZ+cholealciferol 50ng), P3(STZ+cholealciferol 100ng). Mice given STZ dose 150mg / KgBB intraperitoneal to obtain hyperglycemia conditions. Administration of cholecalciferol for 14 days. The result obtained average HOMA-IR level after treatment is negative control(2,32), positive control (0,825), P1(0,975), P2(0,5), P3(0,3). The result obtained average HOMA-B level after treatment is negative control (2,76), positive control (11,92), P1 (18,4), P2(10,88), P3(35,35). The result of statistical analysis using Kruskall wallis test obtained p <0,005. The conclusion of this study is that administration of cholecalciferol may improve insulin resistance in diabetic model mice.
Keyword : cholecalciferol, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, streptozotocin
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Khan, Hamad Ahmad, Muhammad Naeem, Noman Khan Gandapur, Fouzia Jameel, and Jaweria Gul. "Evaluation of Cholecalciferol Efficacy in the Management of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Hemodialysis Patients." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 544–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22169544.
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The deficiency of vitamin D is public among hemodialysis (HD) patients and is a key factor in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Secondary hyperparathyroidism is currently accomplished by lowering circulating phosphate levels with parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D analogs, and oral binders. The current study aim was to assess the efficacy of cholecalciferol in the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients with concomitant vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency. A total of 53 patients were taken with25 male and 28 female patients. After treating patients with cholecalciferol, serum PTH levels improved significantly, with mean pre-treatment levels of 486.99±191.10, which had decreased to a mean post-treatment level of 301.66±201.08. Serum Vitamin D levels also improved significantly, with mean pre-treatment levels of 10.86±4.98, which increased to a mean post-treatment level of 29.98±17.24. Patients treated with cholecalciferol had no significant change in phosphorous and calcium levels. Keywords: Parathyroid Hormone; Cholecalciferol; Vitamin D; Secondary Hyperparathyroidism; hemodialysis; Pakistan
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Judistiani, Raden Tina Dewi, Sefty Mariany Samosir, Setyorini Irianti, Benny Hasan Purwara, Budi Setiabudiawan, Johannes Cornelius Mose, and Budi Handono. "Correlation of Maternal Serum Hepcidin, Soluble Transferrin Receptor (sTfR) and Cholecalciferol with Third Trimester Anemia: Findings from A Nested Case-control Study on A Pregnancy Cohort." Indonesian Biomedical Journal 12, no. 4 (December 2, 2020): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v12i4.1252.
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BACKGROUND: Cholecalciferol, hepcidin, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) interaction play an essential role in iron hemostasis. Anemia in pregnancy contributes to morbidity and mortality both for the mother and baby. In this study, we assessed the correlation between hepcidin, sTfR and cholecalciferol in third trimester maternal anemia. We aimed to find the cut-off for hepcidin and sTfR.METHODS: A case-control study involving 56 pregnant women in each anemia and healthy group was nested on a previous larger cohort study in Indonesia. Serum hepcidin, sTfR and cholecalciferol level were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.RESULTS: Serum hepcidin and sTfR level were significantly higher in case group, while serum cholecalciferol level has no difference between the two groups. New cut-off points were found for hepcidin (<15.93 ng/mL) and sTfR level (>2234.45 ng/mL). Low level of hepcidin (OR=5.32) and high level of sTfR (OR=8.28) increase the risk of anemia. High level of sTfR (adjusted OR=4.725; CI 95%=1.730-12.904; p=0.02) was the most important factor contributes to anemia, followed by the low level of hepcidin (adjusted OR=3.677; CI 95%=1.363-9917; p=0.01).CONCLUSION: The high level of sTfR is the most important factor related to anemia in the third trimester, followed by the low level of hepcidin. Low cholecalciferol level tends to favor the incident of anemia. The new cut-off point of third trimester sTfR and third trimester hepcidin were established in this study and may be useful for risk assessment and treatment monitoring for anemia in pregnancy.KEYWORDS: anemia, cholecalciferol, hepcidin, pregnancy, soluble transferrin receptor
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Lockwood, A., A. Currie, S. Hancock, S. Broomfield, S. Liu, V. Scanlan, G. A. Kearney, and A. N. Thompson. "Supplementation of Merino ewes with cholecalciferol in late pregnancy improves the vitamin D status of ewes and lambs at birth but is not correlated with an improvement in immune function in lambs." Animal Production Science 56, no. 4 (2016): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15085.
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Functional deficiencies of the immune system are known to predispose human and animal neonates to death. Thus, immune competency may be a significant factor influencing the mortality of lambs. Vitamin D has been recognised to improve immune function and is transferred across the placenta. This study tested the hypotheses that (1) supplementation of Merino ewes with cholecalciferol during late pregnancy will increase the concentrations of vitamin D in the ewe and lamb at birth and (2) supplementation of Merino ewes with cholecalciferol during late pregnancy is correlated with an increase in innate phagocytic and adaptive antibody immune responses in the lamb. Merino ewes (n = 53) were injected intramuscularly with 1 × 106 IU cholecalciferol at Days 113 and 141 of pregnancy. A control group (n = 58) consisted of ewes receiving no additional nutritional treatments. The vitamin D status of ewes and lambs was assessed up until 1 month post-lambing. Lamb immune function was assessed by analysing the functional capacity of phagocytes, and the plasma IgG and anti-tetanus-toxoid antibody concentrations between birth and weaning. Maternal supplementation with cholecalciferol increased the plasma 25(OH)D concentrations of both ewes (137 vs 79 nmol/L; P < 0.001) and lambs (49 vs 24 nmol/L; P < 0.001) at birth compared with the controls. Supplementation with cholecalciferol had no significant effect on the phagocytic capacity of monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes, the concentration of IgG in the colostrum or plasma of lambs, or the vaccine-specific antibody response against tetanus toxoid. Overall, the results support our first hypothesis, but suggest that maternal supplementation with 1 × 106 IU cholecalciferol does not improve innate, passive or adaptive immune function in lambs.
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Bhoora, Sachin, Tahir S. Pillay, and Rivak Punchoo. "Cholecalciferol Mediates Apoptosis in Siha Cervical Cancer Line via Autocrine Mechanisms." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.2072.
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Abstract Cervical cancer disproportionately affects low-resource countries and is a significant health burden in South Africa. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated numerous anti-cancer actions of vitamin D metabolites. Here, the anti-cancer action of the vitamin D precursor, cholecalciferol, was investigated in a high-grade cervical cancer cell line, SiHa. SiHa cell cultures were treated with a range of cholecalciferol doses (26 nM, 104 nM, 260 nM and 2600 nM) for 72 hours. Cell count and viability were assessed by crystal violet and trypan blue assays, respectively. Apoptotic cell death was investigated by flow cytometry, which measured mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), phosphatidylserine (PS) externalisation, effector caspase activation and the expression of DNA damage markers. Additionally, brightfield microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were respectively used to characterise morphological and ultrastructural features of apoptosis. Expression of the vitamin D metabolising system (VDMS) – consisting of cholecalciferol activating (CYP2R1 and CYP27A1), calcidiol activating (CYP27B1) and calcidiol inactivating (CYP24A1) enzymes, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) – was assessed by qPCR and Western blots. Data were analysed using a one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Significant decreases in cell count (p = 0.011) and cell viability (p < 0.0001) were identified in SiHa cells treated with 2600 nM cholecalciferol. Furthermore, biochemical markers at 2600 nM treatment were significant for apoptosis, and included decreased ∆Ψm (p = 0.0145); increased PS externalisation (p = 0.0439); terminal caspase activation (p = 0.0025); and nuclear damage (p = 0.004). Moreover, biochemical apoptosis was corroborated by classical apoptotic features observed by brightfield microscopy and TEM. Additionally, a significant increase in CYP2R1 gene (p < 0.0001) and protein (p = 0.021) expression, and a converse significant decrease in CYP27B1 gene (p = 0.003) and protein expression (p = 0.031) were observed at 2600 nM cholecalciferol treatment. Furthermore, significant increases in VDR gene (p = 0.033) and protein (p = 0.04) expression, and CYP24A1 gene (p < 0.0001) and protein (p = 0.0274) expression were observed at 2600 nM cholecalciferol. In summary, high-dose cholecalciferol treatment of SiHa cervical cancer cells inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and furthermore, upregulates CYP2R1 and VDR expression. Taken together, these findings suggest that autocrine activation of cholecalciferol to calcidiol may mediate VDR signalling of cell growth inhibition, and apoptosis in SiHa experimental cultures.
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Özsoylu, Şinasi. "Requirements for cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol." Journal of Pediatrics 117, no. 6 (December 1990): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(05)80156-8.
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Stamatov, Stephan D., and Salo Gronowitz. "Glyceroamidothiophosphates of cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)." Lipids 25, no. 3 (March 1990): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02544329.
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Nigwekar, Sagar U., Ishir Bhan, and Ravi Thadhani. "Ergocalciferol and Cholecalciferol in CKD." American Journal of Kidney Diseases 60, no. 1 (July 2012): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.12.035.
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