Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chlorpyrifos

Academic literature on the topic 'Chlorpyrifos'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Chlorpyrifos"

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Sweety, Sweety, Kamlesh Kumar, and Arun Kumar. "Effects of chlorpyriphos on haematological parameters in freshwater fish Anabas testudineus." PROCEEDINGS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA 23, no. 01 (June 2024): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.59467/pzsi.2024.23.131.

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Haematological measures are frequently employed as stress indicators in fish and to evaluate their overall health. This study evaluated the sublethal effects of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyriphos on a number of haematological parameters in freshwater fish, specifically Anabas testudineus. Based on comparisons between control and experimental groups exposed to sublethal amounts of chlorpyrifos (0.125 and 0.250) at 7, 14, and 21 days, the effect was evaluated. Red blood cell counts, haemoglobin levels, WBC, and thrombocyte counts were found to decline as chlorpyrifos concentrations and days increased. White blood cell counts rose on the seventh day of exposure but fell on the fourteenth and twenty-first days when chlorpyrifos concentrations rose. According to the study, chlorpyrifos had a major negative effect on the fish's health, and haematological measures might be used as a diagnostic tool to determine whether A. testudineus has been exposed to chlorpyrifos.. KEYWORDS :A. testudineus, Chlorpyrifos, haemoglobin, Rbc, Wbc, haematological.
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Zu’amah, Hidayatuz, Elisabeth Srihayu Harsanti, Anicetus Wihardjaka, Sukarjo, and Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata. "Distribution of chlorpyrifos residue in maize (Zea mays)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1230, no. 1 (September 1, 2023): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1230/1/012075.

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Abstract Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide. It has low aqueous solubility, is volatile and non-mobile, moderately persistent in soil, highly toxic to mammals, and is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The main use of chlorpyrifos is to control various types of agricultural pests. This study aims to determine the absorption of chlorpyrifos residues in maize plants. The study was conducted in July-December 2019. Experimental research was conducted at Jakenan experimental field on land contaminated with chlorpyrifos residue. The maize used was a hybrid maize variety NK 6172 Perkasa. Pesticide residue analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of the Agricultural Environmental Research Institute (IAERI). The results showed that the highest chlorpyrifos residue was in the stalks and leaf with a value of 0.0318-0.5682 mg kg−1 but still below the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 10 mg kg−1 recommended by The National Standardization Agency of Indonesia. The concentration of chlorpyriphos residue in maize grain is 0.0014-0.2203 mg kg−1 (MRL=0.05 mg kg−1). Chlorpyriphos residue in the soil is 0.0148-0.0786 mg kg−1 (MRL=3.2 mg kg−1), and the lowest was root (<0.0014 mg kg−1). Information on residue distribution on maize and soils can be helpful as an early warning about the use of insecticides and food safety measures.
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Rosales-Rimache, Jaime, Paola Machado-Pereyra, and Guido Bendezu-Quispe. "Relationship between Butyrylcholinesterase Activity and Cognitive Ability in Workers Exposed to Chlorpyrifos." Safety 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety9010012.

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Background. The use of Chlorpyrifos leads to a public, environmental, and occupational health problem associated with adverse effects in the exposed population, generating alterations mainly in the central nervous system, such as cognitive function. This study aimed to estimate the association between butyrylcholinesterase activity (BChE) and cognitive ability in workers exposed to chlorpyrifos. Methods. We designed a cross-sectional study, where we measured BChE in serum samples as an indicator of exposure to chlorpyrifos. The cognitive ability was assessed by the mean score of the Peruvian version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We also used a questionary to collect demographic and occupational information. Results. We evaluated 120 farmers with a predominance of males (92%) and a mean age of 32.1 ± 9.0 years. We found most of the workers in fumigation activities (84%). The mean BChE was 6144.7 ± 2355.0 U/L, and 46% presented inhibition enzyme (<5500 U/L). The median MMSE score was 28 (interquartile range: 26.5–31.5; 6% showed an alteration in cognitive ability (score < 24)). The MMSE test found a significant association between BChE inhibition and MMSE score (β: −0.071, 95%CI: −0.108 to −0.025). Conclusion. In this study, 45.8% of workers exposed to chlorpyriphos presented BChE inhibition. The BChE inhibition is significantly associated with the MMSE score in workers exposed to chlorpyrifos.
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Maurissen, Jacques P. J., Mamtha R. Shankar, and Joel L. Mattsson. "Chlorpyrifos." Neurotoxicology and Teratology 22, no. 2 (March 2000): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-0362(99)00062-8.

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Sharma, Anish, Jyotsana Pandit, Ruchika Sharma, and Poonam Shirkot. "Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos by Pseudomonas Resinovarans Strain AST2.2 Isolated from Enriched Cultures." Current World Environment 11, no. 1 (April 25, 2016): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.11.1.33.

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A bacterial strain AST2.2 with chlorpyrifos degrading ability was isolated by enrichment technique from apple orchard soil with previous history of chlorpyrifos use. Based on the morphological, biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, AST2.2 strain was identified as Pseudomonas resinovarans. The strain AST2.2 utilized chlorpyrifos as the sole source of carbon and energy. This strain exhibited growth upto 400mg/l concentration of chlorpyrifos and exhibited high extracellular organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) activity. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) studies revealed that Pseudomonas resinovarans AST2.2 degraded 43.90 % of chlorpyrifos (400 mg/l) within 96 hrs. Intermediates of chlorpyrifos degradation were identified using GC-MS. This strain have potential to degrade chlorpyrifos and thus can be used for bioremediation and ecological restoration of sites contaminated with chlorpyrifos
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Li, Jinwang, Xiude Li, Zhihui Zhang, Weilong Cheng, Guangmin Liu, and Guoping Zhao. "High-Fat Diet Aggravates the Disorder of Glucose Metabolism Caused by Chlorpyrifos Exposure in Experimental Rats." Foods 12, no. 4 (February 14, 2023): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12040816.

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Epidemiological research has demonstrated that the increase in high fat consumption has promoted the morbidity of diabetes. Exposure to organophosphorus pesticides (such as chlorpyrifos) may also increase the risk of diabetes. Although chlorpyrifos is a frequently detected organophosphorus pesticide, the interaction effect between chlorpyrifos exposure and a high-fat diet on glucose metabolism is still unclear. Thus, the effects of chlorpyrifos exposure on glucose metabolism in rats eating a normal-fat diet or a high-fat diet were investigated. The results demonstrated that the glycogen content in the liver decreased and that the glucose content increased in chlorpyrifos-treated groups. Remarkably, the ATP consumption in the chlorpyrifos-treatment group was promoted in the rats eating a high-fat diet. However, chlorpyrifos treatment did not change the serum levels of insulin and glucagon. Notably, the contents of liver ALT and AST changed more significantly in the high-fat chlorpyrifos-exposed group than in the normal-fat chlorpyrifos-exposed group. Chlorpyrifos exposure caused an increase in the liver MDA level and a decrease in the enzyme activities of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD, and the changes were more significant in the high-fat chlorpyrifos-treatment group. The results indicated that chlorpyrifos exposure led to disordered glucose metabolism in all dietary patterns as a result of antioxidant damage in the liver, in which a high-fat diet may have aggravated its toxicity.
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Hagan, A. K., J. R. Weeks, and R. B. Reed. "Southern Stem Rot Suppression On Peanut With The Insecticide Chlorpyrifos1." Peanut Science 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-13-1-11.

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Abstract Chlorpyrifos 15G(2.24 kg a.i./ha), PCNB 10G (11.2 kg a.i./ha), and PCNB 10G + chlorpyrifos 15G(11.2 + 2.24 kg a.i./ha) were compared for the suppression of southern stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. on peanut in on-farm trials on nine farms over three years (1982–1984). Chlorpyrifos, PCNB, and PCNB + chlorpyrifos significantly reduced loci counts all three years. PCNB + chlorpyrifos generally gave the best stem rot suppression and yield response, but there was little difference in disease loci counts between chlorpyrifos and PCNB. PCNB significantly increased yield over the control two years while chlorpyrifos increased yield only one year.
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Li, Zhiguo, Meng Li, Jingnan Huang, Changsheng Ma, Linchen Xiao, Qiang Huang, Yazhou Zhao, Hongyi Nie, and Songkun Su. "Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Chlorpyrifos on Olfactory Learning and Memory Performances in Two Bee Species, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana." Sociobiology 64, no. 2 (September 21, 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v64i2.1385.

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Chlorpyrifos is a widely used organophosphorus insecticide. The acute oral 24 h median lethal dose (LD50) value of chlorpyrifos in Apis mellifera and in Apis cerana was estimated to assess differential acute chlorpyrifos toxicity in the two bee species. The LD50 values of chlorpyrifos in A. mellifera and in A. cerana are 103.4 ng/bee and 81.8 ng/bee, respectively, which suggests A. cerana bees are slightly more sensitive than A. mellifera bees to the toxicity of chlorpyrifos. Doses half the acute LD50 of chlorpyrifos were selected to study behavioral changes in the two bee species using proboscis extension response assay. A. mellifera foragers treated with chlorpyrifos showed significantly lower response to the 10% sucrose solution compared to control bees after 2, 24 and 48 h. Chlorpyrifos significantly impaired the olfactory learning abilities and 2 h memory retention of forager bees regardless of honey bee species, which may affect the foraging success of bees exposed to chlorpyrifos.
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Wang, Qinghai, Juan Yang, Cui Li, Bo Xiao, and Xiaoe Que. "Influence of initial pesticide concentrations in water on chlorpyrifos toxicity and removal by Iris pseudacorus." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 9 (May 1, 2013): 1908–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.071.

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For understanding the influence of initial concentrations of pesticides in the water body on removal efficiency of the contaminant by aquatic plants, one hydroponics experiment was used to investigate the influence of initial concentration (1–16 mg L−1) on toxicity and chlorpyrifos removal potential of Iris pseudacorus for 20 days under greenhouse conditions. An increased sensitivity to and reduced removal rate for chlorpyrifos were observed with increasing chlorpyrifos concentration. The relative growth rate (RGR) of I. pseudacorus was significantly inhibited in the presence of 4, 8 and 16 mg L−1 chlorpyrifos, and a negative relationship was also found between RGR and initial pesticide concentration. The half-life of chlorpyrifos was shortened in the hydroponic system with plants, indicating that I. pseudacorus accelerated chlorpyrifos removal from water. But the contribution of the plant to chlorpyrifos removal in the hydroponic phytoremediation system decreased with the increase of initial concentration of chlorpyrifos. The results also indicated that I. pseudacorus can efficiently eliminate chlorpyrifos and may ultimately serve as phytoremediation agents in the natural water body.
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Abbas Al-Khafaji, Zahraa Khudhair, Hassanin sabah hashim, Maryam Jabbar Nasser, and Mohammed A. Dabbi. "The efficiency of Pseudomonas mendocina in biodegradation of chlorpyrifos insecticides." Sumer 2 8, CSS 2 (September 15, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.02.54.

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At present, extensive varieties of pesticides are being used, but the demand for Organophosphorus pesticides is increasing globally to control insects. Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum, highly toxic, and chlorinated organophosphate insecticide that is synthetic and usually an ester or thiol derivative of phosphoric. The mode of action involves inhibiting acetyl-cholinesterase, leading to the accumulation of acetylcholine, causing neurotoxicity. Bacteria capable of degrading the pesticide chlorpyrifos were isolated from soil contaminated with pesticides. This way, three distinct chlorpyrifos degrading strains of p.mendocina were isolated and characterized using morphological and biochemical analysis. Strains exhibited the greatest chlorpyrifos degradation rate, reaching 100%, and were consequently selected for further investigation. Degradation of chlorpyrifos by strains was rapid at 20 and 37C. Bacteria species were able to effectively degrade chlorpyrifos in a sterilized medium using high inoculum levels. The maximum degradation rate of chlorpyrifos was calculated as 100% during 6-12 days. Bacteria such as strain PC1 that use chlorpyrifos as a carbon source could be employed in biodegradation sites contaminated with pesticides. Keywords: Biodegradation; organophosphate; Chlorpyrifos; pseudomonas putida; Hplc.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chlorpyrifos"

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Adams, Rachel May. "Transformation of Chlorpyrifos and Chlorpyrifos-Methyl in Prairie Pothole Pore Water." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429112011.

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Sindi, R. "Chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos oxon induce neurite retraction and cytoskeletal disruption in mouse N2a cells and human neural progenitor stem cells." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2015. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/28045/.

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The widespread use of the organophosphorous insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) over recent decades has posed major concerns about its toxicity in humans. Sub-cytotoxic concentrations of CPF and its metabolite CPF-oxon (CPO) were known to inhibit neurite outgrowth in differentiating neural cells but little was known about their ability to cause neurite retraction. The main aims of this study were to investigate the effects of CPF and CPO on the stability of neurites in pre-differentiated mouse N2a neuroblastoma and human ReNcell CX neural stem cells, and to relate toxicity to the regulation of cytoskeletal proteins involved in neural differentiation. At 3 μM, both compounds reduced the numbers of axon-like processes in pre-differentiated N2a cells, as indicated by morphometric analysis of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester-labelled cells. Retraction of neurites was observed within 2 h of exposure by live cell imaging. Neurofilament disruption was detected in treated cells, by indirect immunofluorescence with anti-phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNFH) monoclonal antibody SMI34, while the microtubule network was unaffected. Western blotting analysis revealed transiently increased levels of reactivity of Ta51 after 2 h exposure but reduced levels of reactivity following 8 h treatment with both compounds, whereas reactivity of anti-total NFH or anti-tubulin were unaffected. Altered NFH phosphorylation at 2 h exposure was associated with increased activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase ERK 1/2. Increased levels of phosphatase activity were observed following 8 h treatment, suggesting that organophosphate-induced neurite retraction in N2a cells is associated with early transient increases in NFH phosphorylation and ERK1/2 activation. High content analysis of immunofluorescently stained N2a cells showed that the induction of neurite retraction by both compounds was concentration-dependent. The same concentrations of CPF and CPO also caused retraction of neurites in differentiating neuronal and glial populations of human ReNcells. Using a cell ELISA technique changes observed in Western blot analysis were confirmed and found to be concentration-dependent in N2a cells. In pre-differentiated ReNcells, reduced levels of NFH phosphorylation were observed, whereas total NFH, βIII-tubulin and ERK1/2 activation were unaffected. Acetylcholinesterase assays suggested that inhibition was not required for neurite retraction but could affect the severity of such effects.
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Harshman, Sean William. "Effects of Chlorpyrifos-oxon on Prohormone Convertase Enzyme Activity." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1245238369.

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Cattani, Marcus P. S. "Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos." Thesis, Cattani, Marcus P.S. (2004) Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/509/.

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Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide moderately toxic to humans via inhalation and dermal absorption (LD50 oral, rat = 226 mg kg-1, LD50 skin, rabbits = 1265 mg kg-1), is widely used to eradicate termites in Australia. A series of 28 surveys totaling 32 separate assessments, or 10% of all professional users in Perth, Western Australia, comprised biological monitoring, exposure assessment techniques, a health symptoms and work practices questionnaire. Chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and alkyl phosphates were extracted from urine, and serum cholinesterase (SChE) and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase from blood. Chlorpyrifos was extracted from 24 patches removed from a supplied cotton overall, cotton gloves worn under protective gloves, 7 absorbent patches placed on the skin and an organic vapour collection tube. Surface wipes were collected in the workers vehicle and on the workers forehead. Chlorpyrifos was applied in either 0.5% (n=2) or 1% (n=26) concentration of active ingredient in water solution. Surveys took place at pre-construction sites (n=5) where pesticide was sprayed onto a prepared site, existing buildings with concrete foundations (n=17) where pesticide was injected under pressure around the perimeter of the building and existing buildings with suspended floors requiring the worker to spray under floor (n=6). Combined left and right glove deposition was 9 mg hour- 1 (SD = 18 mg.hour-1). Mean deposition on overalls was 14 mg.hour-1 (SD = 12 mg.hour-1), on skin patches was 0.2 mcg cm-1.hour-1, on vehicle gear-stick was 3 mcg (SD = 8 mcg) and, on steering wheels was 3 mcg (SD = 3 mcg). The mean protection 4 factor of overalls, a ratio of outer layer and inner levels, was 75 (SD = 411). Mean air concentration of chlorpyrifos during an application was 30 mcg m-3, and 17 mcg m-3 8 hour TWA (SD = 40 mcg m-3 8 hour TWA), and in one group of 17 workers correlated (p<0.05) with ambient air temperature (15 to 38 oC). Urinary metabolites and SChE activity were effective indicators of exposure. The health symptoms questionnaire did not highlight significant health effects. A discrepancy between operators' perception of risk and their actual exposure requires addressing, for example the measured high deposition rate to hands was ineffectively controlled, as 48% or workers wore inappropriate or no gloves and only 26% washed their hands after completing their tasks. All workers indicated in the questionnaire they would wash their hands after completing their tasks. The questionnaire also highlighted a high incidence of poor work practices, 58% spilt the concentrate at least once a week, 74% had recently spilt/splashed diluted chlorpyrifos in their eyes and 90% on their boots, and 52% believed they would benefit from more education concerning chlorpyrifos. Observations concluded that workers unnecessarily increased their exposure by poor work practice. Recommendations include modification to pesticide worker education, licencing and health surveillance systems; an improvement in the understanding of the benefits of a health and safety management systems for employers, and pesticide suppliers taking a stewardship role in the usage of their products.
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Cattani, Marcus P. S. "Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040921.121425.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2004.
Thesis submitted to the Division of Science and Engineering. Includes article published in Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2001, v. 45 (4), p. 299-308. Bibliography: leaves 267-278.
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Wacksman, MItch. "Impact of atrazine on chlorpyrifos toxicity to four aquatic vertebrates /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1136077891&sid=35&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Hu, Xiaoyi. "Detection and quantitation of diazinon and chlorpyrifos : a novel GC." Scholarly Commons, 2002. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/573.

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An analytical method was developed for detection and quantitation of diazinon and chlorpyrifos, two widely used pesticides in local water pathway. Solid phase extraction combined with GC/MS detection with selected ion monitoring was employed. In establishing calibration curves for GC/MS analysis, it may be impractical to use isotope-labeled analogs as internal standards for all analytes in a complicated matrix. Compounds may have to be used as internal standards which could cause non-linear effects because of different response of analytes and internal standards. A novel sample introduction method, which could eliminate this negative effect of non-linearity, was proposed. Calibration data were acquired using the traditional constant volume injection method, and a new method: constant mass injection of analytes. Calibration curves by the constant mass injection method show a better linearity and y-intercept. The nonlinear effect observed with data obtained in low concentration ranges using the constant volume injection method was eliminated. The effectiveness of these curves by two methods was also tested. Better accuracy was obtained with the constant mass injection method. This constant mass injection of analytes method could be very useful in quantitative studies of a complicated sample matrix, such as those encountered in the environmental analysis of pesticides, or in the quality control analysis of medical and industrial product. In solid phase extraction, Varian Bondelute SPE C8 cartridge was selected for extraction. With the standard water sample spiked at 500 ng/L for the two analytes, the recovery for diazinon was about 50% and for chlorpyrifos about 60%. With the standard water sample at 1000 ng/L, the recovery for diazinon was about 60% and for chlorpyrifos about 70%. Among three samples from three different sampling sites, diazinon was detected and confirmed. The quantitation of diazinon was done to water sample from the Calaveras River near the Sanguetti Street crossing Stockton, California, with observed concentration 143.2 ng/L.
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au, marcus cattani@westnet com, and Marcus Paul Cattani. "Exposures and Health Effects among Field Workers using the Organophosphate Chlorpyrifos." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040921.121425.

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Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide moderately toxic to humans via inhalation and dermal absorption (LD50 oral, rat = 226 mg kg-1, LD50 skin, rabbits = 1265 mg kg-1), is widely used to eradicate termites in Australia. A series of 28 surveys totaling 32 separate assessments, or 10% of all professional users in Perth, Western Australia, comprised biological monitoring, exposure assessment techniques, a health symptoms and work practices questionnaire. Chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and alkyl phosphates were extracted from urine, and serum cholinesterase (SChE) and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase from blood. Chlorpyrifos was extracted from 24 patches removed from a supplied cotton overall, cotton gloves worn under protective gloves, 7 absorbent patches placed on the skin and an organic vapour collection tube. Surface wipes were collected in the workers vehicle and on the workers forehead. Chlorpyrifos was applied in either 0.5% (n=2) or 1% (n=26) concentration of active ingredient in water solution. Surveys took place at pre-construction sites (n=5) where pesticide was sprayed onto a prepared site, existing buildings with concrete foundations (n=17) where pesticide was injected under pressure around the perimeter of the building and existing buildings with suspended floors requiring the worker to spray under floor (n=6). Combined left and right glove deposition was 9 mg hour- 1 (SD = 18 mg.hour-1). Mean deposition on overalls was 14 mg.hour-1 (SD = 12 mg.hour-1), on skin patches was 0.2 ƒÝg.cm-1.hour-1, on vehicle gear-stick was 3 ƒÝg (SD = 8 ƒÝg) and, on steering wheels¡¦ was 3 ƒÝg (SD = 3 ƒÝg). The mean protection 4 factor of overalls, a ratio of outer layer and inner levels, was 75 (SD = 411). Mean air concentration of chlorpyrifos during an application was 30 ƒÝg m-3, and 17 ƒÝg m-3 8 hour TWA (SD = 40 ƒÝg m-3 8 hour TWA), and in one group of 17 workers correlated (p<0.05) with ambient air temperature (15 to 38 oC). Urinary metabolites and SChE activity were effective indicators of exposure. The health symptoms questionnaire did not highlight significant health effects. A discrepancy between operators¡¦ perception of risk and their actual exposure requires addressing, for example the measured high deposition rate to hands was ineffectively controlled, as 48% or workers wore inappropriate or no gloves and only 26% washed their hands after completing their tasks. All workers indicated in the questionnaire they would wash their hands after completing their tasks. The questionnaire also highlighted a high incidence of poor work practices, 58% spilt the concentrate at least once a week, 74% had recently spilt/splashed diluted chlorpyrifos in their eyes and 90% on their boots, and 52% believed they would benefit from more education concerning chlorpyrifos. Observations concluded that workers unnecessarily increased their exposure by poor work practice. Recommendations include modification to pesticide worker education, licencing and health surveillance systems; an improvement in the understanding of the benefits of a health and safety management systems for employers, and pesticide suppliers taking a stewardship role in the usage of their products.
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Cattani, Marcus Paul. "Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos." Cattani, Marcus Paul (2004) Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/509/.

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Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide moderately toxic to humans via inhalation and dermal absorption (LD50 oral, rat = 226 mg kg-1, LD50 skin, rabbits = 1265 mg kg-1), is widely used to eradicate termites in Australia. A series of 28 surveys totaling 32 separate assessments, or 10% of all professional users in Perth, Western Australia, comprised biological monitoring, exposure assessment techniques, a health symptoms and work practices questionnaire. Chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and alkyl phosphates were extracted from urine, and serum cholinesterase (SChE) and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase from blood. Chlorpyrifos was extracted from 24 patches removed from a supplied cotton overall, cotton gloves worn under protective gloves, 7 absorbent patches placed on the skin and an organic vapour collection tube. Surface wipes were collected in the workers vehicle and on the workers forehead. Chlorpyrifos was applied in either 0.5% (n=2) or 1% (n=26) concentration of active ingredient in water solution. Surveys took place at pre-construction sites (n=5) where pesticide was sprayed onto a prepared site, existing buildings with concrete foundations (n=17) where pesticide was injected under pressure around the perimeter of the building and existing buildings with suspended floors requiring the worker to spray under floor (n=6). Combined left and right glove deposition was 9 mg hour- 1 (SD = 18 mg.hour-1). Mean deposition on overalls was 14 mg.hour-1 (SD = 12 mg.hour-1), on skin patches was 0.2 mcg cm-1.hour-1, on vehicle gear-stick was 3 mcg (SD = 8 mcg) and, on steering wheels was 3 mcg (SD = 3 mcg). The mean protection 4 factor of overalls, a ratio of outer layer and inner levels, was 75 (SD = 411). Mean air concentration of chlorpyrifos during an application was 30 mcg m-3, and 17 mcg m-3 8 hour TWA (SD = 40 mcg m-3 8 hour TWA), and in one group of 17 workers correlated (p<0.05) with ambient air temperature (15 to 38 oC). Urinary metabolites and SChE activity were effective indicators of exposure. The health symptoms questionnaire did not highlight significant health effects. A discrepancy between operators' perception of risk and their actual exposure requires addressing, for example the measured high deposition rate to hands was ineffectively controlled, as 48% or workers wore inappropriate or no gloves and only 26% washed their hands after completing their tasks. All workers indicated in the questionnaire they would wash their hands after completing their tasks. The questionnaire also highlighted a high incidence of poor work practices, 58% spilt the concentrate at least once a week, 74% had recently spilt/splashed diluted chlorpyrifos in their eyes and 90% on their boots, and 52% believed they would benefit from more education concerning chlorpyrifos. Observations concluded that workers unnecessarily increased their exposure by poor work practice. Recommendations include modification to pesticide worker education, licencing and health surveillance systems; an improvement in the understanding of the benefits of a health and safety management systems for employers, and pesticide suppliers taking a stewardship role in the usage of their products.
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Yan, Zhongyu. "Charaterization of Chlorpyrifos Toxicity on the Pancreatic Beta Cell Line RINm5f." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1290111576.

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Books on the topic "Chlorpyrifos"

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Celia, Zamora, California Environmental Protection Agency. Dept. of Pesticide Regulation., and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Diazinon and chlorpyrifos loads in precipitation and urban and agricultural storm runoff during January and February 2001 in the San Joaquin River Basin, California. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. Imported fire ant: a guide for nursery operators. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1989.

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Domagalski, Joseph L. Evaluation of diazinon and chlorpyrifos concentrations and loads, and other pesticide concentrations, at selected sites in the San Joaquin Valley, California, April to August, 2001. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Kratzer, Charles R. Diazinon and chlorpyrifos loads in the San Joaquin River Basin, California, January and February 2000. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2002.

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Domagalski, Joseph L. Evaluation of diazinon and chlorpyrifos concentrations and loads, and other pesticide concentrations, at selected sites in the San Joaquin Valley, California, April to August, 2001. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Domagalski, Joseph L. Evaluation of diazinon and chlorpyrifos concentrations and loads, and other pesticide concentrations, at selected sites in the San Joaquin Valley, California, April to August, 2001. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Giesy, John P., and Keith R. Solomon, eds. Ecological Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in the United States. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03865-0.

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Oetting, Ronald D. The biologic and economic assessment of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in ornamentals and sod production. [Washington, D.C.?]: The Program, 1994.

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P, Whitney Susan, Kergel Thomas J, Witkowski John Frederick, United States. Environmental Protection Agency, and National Agricultural Pesticide Impact Assessment Program (U.S.), eds. The biologic and economic assessment of the field crop usage of chlorpyrifos: First draft. [Washington, D.C.?]: The Program, 1994.

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United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. and Research Triangle Institute, eds. Toxicological profile for chlorpyrifos. [Atlanta, Ga.] : U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chlorpyrifos"

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Barron, Mace G., and Kent B. Woodburn. "Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1–93. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2550-8_1.

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Vaccaro, J. R. "Risks Associated with Exposure to Chlorpyrifos and Chlorpyrifos Formulation Components." In ACS Symposium Series, 297–306. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1993-0522.ch025.

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Racke, Kenneth D. "Environmental Fate of Chlorpyrifos." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1–150. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4362-5_1.

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Akhtar, Rukhsana, Adil Farooq Wali, Sheeba Shakeel, Saiema Rasool, Muneeb U. Rehman, Dhaher, Hilal Ahmad Wani, et al. "Chlorpyrifos Toxicity in Fishes: A Perspective." In Freshwater Pollution and Aquatic Ecosystems, 53–83. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003130116-3.

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Maslova, Olga, Elena Efremenko, Il'ya Lyagin, Ol'ga Sen'ko, and Aslanli Aslanli. "Immobilized enzymatic biocatalysts and their application for destruction of organophosphorus compounds in water, soil and air systems." In ORGANOPHOSPHORUS NEUROTOXINS, 340–60. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/52_340-360.

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Abstract:
Undecomposed residues of organophosphorus compounds (OPC) after treatment with pesticides of plants or animals often fall into natural objects (water, soil and air). Modern approaches to the immobilization of enzymes allowing obtaining of stable biological products are described, as well as the possible using of immobilized enzymes for the decomposition of different OPC: paraoxone, methyl and ethyl paraoxone, coumaphos, parathion, methyl and ethyl parathion, chlorpyrifos, soman, VX, methylphosphonic acid and its isobutyl and diisobutyl ethers, diisopropyl fluorophosphate.
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Putnam, Raymond A., and J. Marshall Clark. "Dosimetry and Biomonitoring following Golfer Exposure to Chlorpyrifos." In ACS Symposium Series, 157–71. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0951.ch011.

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Solomon, Keith R., W. Martin Williams, Donald Mackay, John Purdy, Jeffrey M. Giddings, and John P. Giesy. "Properties and Uses of Chlorpyrifos in the United States." In Ecological Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in the United States, 13–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03865-0_2.

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Lonappan, Linson, Tayssir Guedri, Tarek Rouissi, Satinder Kaur Brar, and Rosa Galvez-Cloutier. "Chlorpyrifos Degradation by Crude Enzyme Extracts Obtained fromAlcanivorax borkumensis." In ACS Symposium Series, 81–95. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2018-1302.ch004.

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Richards, Sean M., Todd A. Anderson, Steven B. Wall, and Ronald J. Kendall. "Exposure Assessment ofRana catesbeianaCollected from a Chlorpyrifos-Treated Cornfield." In ACS Symposium Series, 119–29. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0771.ch009.

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Gebremariam, Seyoum Yami, Marc W. Beutel, David R. Yonge, Markus Flury, and James B. Harsh. "Adsorption and Desorption of Chlorpyrifos to Soils and Sediments." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 123–75. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1463-6_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chlorpyrifos"

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Amqam, Hasnawati, Ruslan Ane, Syamsuar Manynyulei, Stang Stang, M. Rahim, Putri Novianti, and Anwar Mallongi. "Chlorpyrifos Residue in Washed and Unwashed Tomatoes." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental Risks and Public Health, ICER-PH 2018, 26-27, October 2018, Makassar, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.26-10-2018.2288627.

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Ju, Jing Juan, Qin Li Ruan, Yun Hui Li, Ran Liu, Li Hong Yin, and Yue Pu Pu. "Neurotoxicity Evaluation of Chlorpyrifos Exposure with Caenorhabditis elegans." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5516559.

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Tso, J., S. QueHee, and J. Froines. "328. Surface Sampling for Soil Impregnated with Chlorpyrifos Formulation." In AIHce 2000. AIHA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763674.

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Khan, A., and S. Que Hee. "261. Permeation of a Chlorpyrifos Formulation Through Butyl Gloves." In AIHce 1996 - Health Care Industries Papers. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2764930.

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Wang, Ruiqian, Wendao Xu, Lijuan Xie, and Yibin Ying. "Terahertz sensing of methyl chlorpyrifos using carbon nanotube metamaterials." In 2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2019.8874266.

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Wang, Y., Z. Cui, D. Zhu, L. Ma, F. Qu, L. Lin, and P. Nie. "Sensitive Detection of Chlorpyrifos Pesti Cide Using Terahertz Metasurface." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icops37625.2020.9717460.

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Prasad, B. Siva, and P. Sankar Ganesh. "Acetylcholinesterase response in fish Catla catla as a biomarker of chlorpyrifos contamination in fresh water ecosystem - Toxicity assessment of chlorpyrifos in Catla catla." In Annual International Conference on Advances in Biotechnology. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2489_biotech14.43.

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Mai, Sofiana, Ederina Ninga, Magdalena Cara, and Mimoza Mukaj. "Determination of Chlorpyrifos Residues in Lettuce by GC MS/MS." In The 4th Global Virtual Conference. Publishing Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18638/gv.2016.4.1.762.

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Junior, Elio Conradi, Affonso Celso Gonçalves Junior, Juliano Zimmermann, Daniel Schwantes, Carlos Daniel Zenni, Guilherme Lindner Ziemer, Vinicíus Henrique Dias de Oliveira, and Felipe Dudczak. "Renewable Eco-Friendly Activated Biochar from Tobacco: Chlorpyrifos Removal Studies." In The 7th World Congress on New Technologies. Avestia Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icepr21.111.

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"Riboflavin Mediated Degradation of Chlorpyrifos by Alcaligens sp. Strain T11." In 5th International Conference on Biological, Chemical and Environmental Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c0316014.

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Reports on the topic "Chlorpyrifos"

1

Lanning, Christine, and Robert Fine. An Organophosphorus Pesticide, Chlorpyrifos, Increases the Levels of the Multidrug-Resistant Gene Product in Breast Cancer Cells. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299497.

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Diazinon and chlorpyrifos loads in the San Joaquin River basin, California, January and February 2000. US Geological Survey, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri024103.

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Diazinon and chlorpyrifos loads in precipitation and urban and agricultural storm runoff during January and February 2001 in the San Joaquin River basin, California. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri034091.

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Evaluation of Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos Concentrations and Loads, and other Pesticide Concentrations, at Selected Sites in the San Joaquin Valley, California, April to August, 2001. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri034088.

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