Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chitosan

Academic literature on the topic 'Chitosan'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Chitosan"

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KIM, KYUNG W., R. L. THOMAS, CHAN LEE, and HYUN J. PARK. "Antimicrobial Activity of Native Chitosan, Degraded Chitosan, and O-Carboxymethylated Chitosan." Journal of Food Protection 66, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 1495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-66.8.1495.

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The antimicrobial activity of native chitosan was compared to that of lipase-degradedchitosan. The effects of O-carboxymethylated (O-CM) substitution on native (molecular weight, 120; degree of deacetylation, 84.71%) and lipase-degraded chitosans were also investigated. The antimicrobial activity of native chitosan was more extensive than that of lipase-degraded chitosan; however, lipase-degraded chitosan was still highly effective and more water-soluble. O-CM chitosan derived from degraded chitosan was more effective than O-CM chitosan derived from native chitosan. O-CM substitution enhanced lipase-degraded chitosan's antimicrobial activity without reducing its solubility.
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Malm, Morgan, and Andrea M. Liceaga. "Physicochemical Properties of Chitosan from Two Commonly Reared Edible Cricket Species, and Its Application as a Hypolipidemic and Antimicrobial Agent." Polysaccharides 2, no. 2 (May 12, 2021): 339–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides2020022.

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Insect-derived chitin and chitosan have gained interest as alternative sources to that derived from crustaceans; however, little information is available on chitin from the house cricket (Acheta domesticus) and tropical banded cricket (Gryllodes sigillatus), two cricket species commonly reared in the United States for human consumption. In this study, chitin was successfully isolated and purified from these two cricket species; using FTIR, chitins were found to be in alpha-crystalline form. Cricket chitosan was produced from both species with varying degrees of deacetylation (DDA) by varying alkaline conversion duration. G. sigillatus chitosan was larger (524 kDa) than A. domesticus chitosan (344 kDa). Both cricket chitosans showed similar (p > 0.05) lipid-binding capacity to that of shrimp chitosan. Both chitosans were as effective at inhibiting microbial growth of surrogate foodborne pathogens as the commercial shrimp chitosan. At a concentration of 0.50 mg/mL cricket chitosan, approximately 100% of Listeria innocua growth was inhibited, due to a contribution of both chitosan and the solvent-acetic acid. At the same concentration, growth of Escherichia coli was inhibited 90% by both cricket chitosan samples with ~80% DDA, where a decrease in the DDA led to decreased antimicrobial activity. However, varying the DDA had no effect on chitosan’s lipid-binding capacity. As more edible insects become a normalized protein source in our diet, the use of by-products, such as chitin and chitosan, derived from insect protein processing, show promising applications for the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Derwich, Marcin, Lukasz Lassmann, Katarzyna Machut, Agata Zoltowska, and Elzbieta Pawlowska. "General Characteristics, Biomedical and Dental Application, and Usage of Chitosan in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Narrative Review." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020305.

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The aim of this narrative review was to present research investigating chitosan, including its general characteristics, properties, and medical and dental applications, and finally to present the current state of knowledge regarding the efficacy of chitosan in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) based on the literature. The PICO approach was used for the literature search strategy. The PubMed database was analyzed with the following keywords: (“chitosan”[MeSH Terms] OR “chitosan”[All Fields] OR “chitosans”[All Fields] OR “chitosan s”[All Fields] OR “chitosane”[All Fields]) AND (“temporomandibular joint”[MeSH Terms] OR (“tem-poromandibular”[All Fields] AND “joint”[All Fields]) OR “temporomandibular joint”[All Fields] OR (“temporomandibular”[All Fields] AND “joints”[All Fields]) OR “temporo-mandibular joints”[All Fields]). After screening 8 results, 5 studies were included in this review. Chitosan presents many biological properties and therefore it can be widely used in several branches of medicine and dentistry. Chitosan promotes wound healing, helps to control bleeding, and is used in wound dressings, such as sutures and artificial skin. Apart from its antibacterial property, chitosan has many other properties, such as antifungal, mucoadhesive, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and antitumoral properties. Further clinical studies assessing the efficacy of chitosan in the treatment of TMD are required. According to only one clinical study, chitosan was effective in the treatment of TMD; however, better clinical results were obtained with platelet-rich plasma.
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Cahyono, Eko, Stevy Imelda Murniati Wodi, and Jumardi Tondais. "KARAKTERISASI CHITOSAN DAN CHITOSAN POLYMER MEDIUM DARI CANGKANG KEPITING BATU." Jurnal Ilmiah Tindalung 6, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54484/jit.v6i1.343.

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Kepiting batu (Grapsus albolineatus) merupakan spesies yang banyak ditemukan di pantai berbatu dan eksoskeletonnya adalah salah sumber potensial chitin-chitosan. Chitosan adalah polimer bersifat polikationik dengan chitosan polymer medium (CPM) yang memiliki molekul lebih sederhana sebagai salah satu turunannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan mutu chitosan dan chitosan polymer medium dari cangkang kepiting batu. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa cangkang kepiting memiliki komposisi 4.17±0.08 air, 54.4±2.78 abu, 6.28±0.05 lemak, 23.48±0.01 protein, 11.70±2.93 kaborhidrat. Karakterisasi chitosan memperlihatkan rendemen sebesar 10±0.70%, kadar air 8.10±0.14%, abu 19.39±0.55%, lemak 6.26±0.37%, protein 8.24±0.34%, karbodidrat 50.03±0.04%, derajat putih 60.61±0.86% , viscositas 7.30±0.42 cps dan derajat deasetilasi 55.92±1.30%. Untuk chitosan polymer medium, rendemennya mencapai 98.33±0.40% dan derajat deasetilasinya sebesar 60.22±0.24%. Chitosan dan chitosan polymer medium dari cangkang kepiting batu (Grapsus albolineatus) masih memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan SNI. Stone crab (Grapsus albolineatus) is a species commonly found in rocky beaches. Its exoskeleton is a good source of chitin and/or chitosan. Chitosan represents a polycationic polymer with chitosan polymer medium (CPM) having simpler molecular formula than chitosan as chitosan’s derivative. The objective of this research was to determine the quality of chitosan and chitosan polymer medium from rock crab’s shells. Experimental method was used in this study with characterization of the crab’s shells showing a composition of 4.17±0.08%, water, 54.4±2.78% ash, 6.28±0.05% fat, 23.48±0.01% protein and 11.70±2.93% carbohydrate. Similar characterization on chitosan revealed a composition of 10±0.70% rendemen, 8.10±0.14% water, 19.39±0.55% ash, 6.26±0.37% fat, 8.24±0.34% protein, 50.03±0.04% charabohydrate, 60.61±0.86% white degree, 7.30±0.42 cps viscosity and 55.92±1.30% degrees of deacetylation. Although chitosan contained similar composition of white degree (60%) and deactylation (60%0 to chitoxan polymer medium, CPM had higher composition of rendemen (98.33±0.40%) than chitosan (10±0.70%). In conclusion, this study shows that chitosan and chitosan polymer medium of G. albolineatus met our national standard (SNI).
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Khayrova, Adelya, Sergey Lopatin, Balzhima Shagdarova, Olga Sinitsyna, Arkady Sinitsyn, and Valery Varlamov. "Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Low Molecular Weight Chitosan Extracted from Hermetia illucens Relative to Crab Chitosan." Molecules 27, no. 2 (January 17, 2022): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020577.

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This study shows the research on the depolymerisation of insect and crab chitosans using novel enzymes. Enzyme preparations containing recombinant chitinase Chi 418 from Trichoderma harzianum, chitinase Chi 403, and chitosanase Chi 402 from Myceliophthora thermophila, all belonging to the family GH18 of glycosyl hydrolases, were used to depolymerise a biopolymer, resulting in a range of chitosans with average molecular weights (Mw) of 6–21 kDa. The depolymerised chitosans obtained from crustaceans and insects were studied, and their antibacterial and antifungal properties were evaluated. The results proved the significance of the chitosan’s origin, showing the potential of Hermetia illucens as a new source of low molecular weight chitosan with an improved biological activity.
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Coquery, Clément, Claire Negrell, Nicolas Caussé, Nadine Pébère, and Ghislain David. "Synthesis of new high molecular weight phosphorylated chitosans for improving corrosion protection." Pure and Applied Chemistry 91, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 509–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0509.

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Abstract Two grades of chitosan [chitosan 30000 g mol−1 (N-chitosan 30) and 250000 g mol−1 (N-chitosan 250)] were functionalized by the Kabachnik–Fields reaction. To obtain the highest phosphonic ester grafting rate (55% and 40% for the N-chitosan 30 and N-chitosan 250, respectively), the pH must be kept constant during the reaction (pH=5). Then, a partial hydrolysis of the ester functions was carried out in HCl medium to generate phosphonic acid functions up to 25% and 20% for the N-chitosan 30 and N-chitosan 250, respectively. It was shown that the grafting of phosphonic acids on chitosan significantly reduced the dynamic viscosity. Afterwards, electrochemical impedance measurements were performed in an aqueous solution (pH=5) in the presence of either N-chitosans or P-chitosans (3 wt.%). The two native N-chitosans were little adsorbed onto the carbon steel surface and the corrosion protection was low. In contrast, the impedance results in the presence of the 30000 g mol−1 phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan 30) evidenced the beneficial effect of grafted phosphonic acid on its adsorption on the steel surface. The lower efficiency of the 250000 g mol−1 (P-chitosan 250) was attributed to its high molecular weight which made difficult the interactions between the phosphonic groups and the metallic surface.
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Wang, Hezhong, and Maren Roman. "Effects of Chitosan Molecular Weight and Degree of Deacetylation on Chitosan−Cellulose Nanocrystal Complexes and Their Formation." Molecules 28, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031361.

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This study was conducted to determine the effects of chitosan molecular weight and degree of deacetylation (DD) on chitosan–cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) polyelectrolyte–macroion complexes (PMCs) and their formation. Chitosan samples with three different molecular weights (81, 3 · 103, 6 · 103 kDa) and four different DDs (77, 80, 85, 89%) were used. The effects on PMC formation were determined by turbidimetric titration. An effect of the molecular weight of chitosan was not observed in turbidimetric titrations. Turbidity levels were higher for CNCs with lower sulfate group density and larger hydrodynamic diameter than for CNCs with higher sulfate group density and smaller hydrodynamic diameter. Conversely, turbidity levels were higher for chitosans with higher DD (higher charge density) than for chitosans with lower DD (lower charge density). PMC particles from chitosans with different molecular weights were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, laser Doppler electrophoresis, and dynamic light scattering. PMCs from high-molecular-weight chitosan were more spherical and those from medium-molecular-weight chitosan had a slightly larger hydrodynamic diameter than PMCs from the respective other two chitosans. The molecular weight of the chitosan was concluded to have no effect on the formation of chitosan–CNC PMC particles and only a minor effect on the shape and size of the particles. The higher turbidity levels for CNCs with lower sulfate group density and larger hydrodynamic diameter and for chitosans with higher DD were attributed to a larger number of CNCs being required for charge compensation.
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Ortega-Ortiz, Hortensia, Baltazar Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego, and Luis Ibarra Jimenez. "Antibacterial activity of chitosan and the interpolyelectrolyte complexes of poly(acrylic acid)-chitosan." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 53, no. 3 (June 2010): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132010000300016.

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The antimicrobial activity of chitosan and water soluble interpolyelectrolyte complexes of poly(acrylic acid)-chitosan was studied. Chitosans of two different molecular weights were tested at different concentration for 0.5 to 5 g·L-1 as antimicrobial agents against P. aeruginosa and P. oleovorans. In both cases, the best microbial inhibition was obtained with the concentration of 5 g·L-1. However, the interpolyelectrolyte complexes of poly(acrylic acid)-chitosan with composition φ =2 produced higher antibacterial activity than the two chitosans at the concentration of 0.5 g·L-1. The NPEC2 complex was more effective than chitosans. This could be attributed to the number of moles of the amino groups of chitosan and the carboxylic acid groups of the interpolyelectrolyte complexes poly(acrylic acid).
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Jaidee, A., Pornchai Rachtanapun, and S. Luangkamin. "1H-NMR Analysis of Degree of Substitution in N,O-Carboxymethyl Chitosans from Various Chitosan Sources and Types." Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.158.

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N,O-Carboxymethyl chitosans were synthesized by the reaction between shrimp, crab and squid chitosans with monochloroacetic acid under basic conditions at 50°C. The mole ratio of reactants was obtained from various reaction conditions of shrimp chitosan polymer and oligomer types. The mole ratio 1:12:6 of chitosan:sodium hydroxide:monochloroacetic acid was used for preparing carboxymethyl of chitosan polymer types while carboxymethyl of chitosan oligomer types were used the mole ratio 1:6:3 of chitosan:sodium hydroxide:monochloroacetic acid. The chemical structure was analyzed by fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnatic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). The FT-IR was used for confirm the insertion of carboxymethyl group on chitosan molecules. The 1H-NMR was used for determining the degree of substitution (DS) of carboxymethylation at hydroxyl and amino sites of chitosans. Carboxymethyl chitosan samples had the total DS of carboxymethylation ranging from 1.0-2.2. The highest of DS of carboxymethylation was from shrimp chitosan oligomer type.
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Lončarević, Andrea, Karla Ostojić, Inga Urlić, and Anamarija Rogina. "Preparation and Properties of Bimetallic Chitosan Spherical Microgels." Polymers 15, no. 6 (March 16, 2023): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15061480.

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The aim of this work was to prepare bimetallic chitosan microgels with high sphericity and investigate the influences of metal-ion type and content on the size, morphology, swelling, degradation and biological properties of microgels. Amino and hydroxyl groups of chitosan (deacetylation degree, DD, of 83.2% and 96.9%) served as ligands in the Cu2+–Zn2+/chitosan complexes with various contents of cupric and zinc ions. The electrohydrodynamic atomization process was used to produce highly spherical microgels with a narrow size distribution and with surface morphology changing from wrinkled to smooth by increasing Cu2+ ions’ quantity in bimetallic systems for both used chitosans. The size of the bimetallic chitosan particles was estimated to be between 60 and 110 µm for both used chitosans, and FTIR spectroscopy indicated the formation of complexes through physical interactions between the chitosans’ functional groups and metal ions. The swelling capacity of bimetallic chitosan particles decreases as the DD and copper (II) ion content increase as a result of stronger complexation with respect to zinc (II) ions. Bimetallic chitosan microgels showed good stability during four weeks of enzymatic degradation, and bimetallic systems with smaller amounts of Cu2+ ions showed good cytocompatibility for both used chitosans.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chitosan"

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Martinez, Ruvalcaba Agustin. "Rhéologie des solutions de chitosane et des hydrogels de chitosane-xanthane Rheology of chitosan solutions and chitosan-xanthan hydrogels." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2002.

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Nakamatsu, Javier. "Chitosan." Revista de Química, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100553.

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La quitina es un biopolímero muy abundante presente en el caparazón de crustáceos, insectos y en la pluma del calamar y la pota, entre otras fuentes. La desacetilación de la quitina forma la quitosana, un polisacárido más versátil por su solubilidad y mayor reactividad química. La quitosana es utilizada en aplicaciones médicas, farmacéuticas, cosméticas, tratamiento de aguas, agricultura e industria alimentaria.
Chitin is an abundant biopolymer that can be found in shells of crustaceans, insects and in squid and pota pen. Deacetylation of chitin produces chitosan, a more versatile polysaccharide due to its solubility and increased chemical reactivity. Chitosan is used in medicine, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, water treatment, agriculture and food industry.
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Qurashi, Muhammad Tariq. "Preparation and characterisation of membranes of chitosan and modified chitosan." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335584.

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Malaise, Sébastien. "Small Diameter Vascular Substitues Based on Physical Chitosan Hydrogels : Proof of Concept." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10057.

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Le chitosane présente des propriétés biologiques (biocompatibilité, biorésorbabilité, bioactivité) idéalement adaptées à des applications en ingénierie tissulaire. Dans cette étude partenariale (Programme ANR TECSAN 2010 ChitoArt), nous avons travaillé à l'élaboration d'hydrogels physiques de chitosane à propriétés physico-chimiques et biologiques variées et contrôlées, sans utilisation d'agents de réticulation externes. Ces hydrogels sont envisagés sous forme de tube mono ou pluri-membranaires pour une utilisation en tant que substituts vasculaires de petit diamètre (<6mm). En effet, l'ingénierie vasculaire présente, encore de nos jours, de nombreuses limitations lorsqu'il est question de vaisseaux de petits calibres. Notre démarche consiste en la modulation des paramètres structuraux (degré d'acétylation, masse molaire) et environnementaux (concentration du bain de gélification, du collodion) intervenants dans le procédé d'élaboration des hydrogels pour atteindre les critères physiques, biologiques et mécaniques compatibles avec cette application. L'étude morphologique des hydrogels par Cryo-Microscopie Électronique à Balayage (Cryo-MEB), via une méthode de préparation originale a permis une meilleure compréhension de l'organisation micro-structurale et multi-échelle des hydrogels de chitosane. Cette approche fondamentale a été couplée à une évaluation in vivo des propriétés biologiques des hydrogels ainsi qu'a des caractérisations mécaniques des substituts vasculaires. En particulier, l'évaluation de la suturabilité de nos substituts a mené au développement d'une formulation donnant lieu à des hydrogels physiques de chitosane suturables ayant fait l'objet d'un dépôt de brevet (N° de dépôt FR1363099). Le contrôle et la modulation des paramètres d'élaboration des hydrogels ont permis l'obtention de substituts vasculaire cellularisables et respectant les exigences (suture, compliance, résistance à l'éclatement) concernant leur implantation in vivo
Chitosan presents biological properties (biocompatibility, bioresorbability, bioactivity) ideally suited for tissue engineering. In this partnership study (ANR TECSAN 2010 ChitoArt program), we worked at the elaboration of physical chitosan hydrogels presenting various and controlled physicochemical and biological properties, without any external crosslinkers. These hydrogels are envisioned under mono- or poly-membranous tubes for small diameter vascular substitutes (<6mm) purposes. Indeed, vascular engineering presents, even today, numerous limitations for small calibre vessels. Our strategy consists in the modulation of both structural (degree of acetylation, molar mass) and environmental (neutralization bath and collodion composition and concentration) parameters involved in hydrogels elaboration process in order to reach physical, biological and mechanical requirements suitable for this application. The study of hydrogels morphology by Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy (Cryo-SEM), using an original sample preparation method led to a better comprehension of chitosan hydrogels fine structure and multi-scale organization. This fundamental approach was conducted through the in vivo biological evaluation of hydrogels but also to mechanical characterizations of vascular substitutes. In particular, our substitutes were evaluated in term of suture retention resulting in the development of a formulation that led to suturable physical chitosan hydrogels, which were protected by a patent (Deposit number: FR1363099). Hydrogels elaboration parameters control and modulation have resulted in the development of colonisable vascular substitutes matching their in vivo implantation requirements (suture retention, compliance, burst pressure)
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Kasaai, Mohammad Reza. "Depolymerization of chitosan." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0026/NQ51261.pdf.

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Venter, Chrizelle. "Chitosan and quaternised chitosan polymers as gene transfection agents / Chrizelle Venter." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1015.

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Several approaches have been employed for directing the intracellular trafficking of DNA to the nucleus. Cationic polymers have been used to condense and deliver DNA and a few specific examples using chitosan as cationic polymer have been described. The concerted efforts in gene therapy to date have provided fruitful achievements toward a new era of curing human diseases. A number of obstacles, however, still must be surmounted for successful clinical applications. Therefore, chitosan-plasmid and quaternised chitosan-plasmid complexes (polyplexes) were investigated for their ability to transfect COS-1 cells and the results were compared with Transfectam/DNA lipoplexes for transfection efficiency. All of the chitoplexes utilised in this study proved to transfect COS-1 cells, however to a lesser extent than the Transfectam/DNA lipoplexes, which served as a positive control. Complexes formed with quaternised trimethyl and triethyl chitosan oligomers, specifically TMO L and TEO L, proved to be superior transfecting agents compared to other chitosans. The molecular mass of chitosan is considered to influence the stability of the chitosan/DNA polyplex, the efficiency of cell uptake and the dissociation of DNA from the complex after endocytosis. In literature it was shown that the toxicity of the chitosan1DNA polyplexes is relatively low compared to viral gene and lipid non-viral delivery vectors. This study showed that the percentage viable COS-1 cells when transfected with the chitosan polymers, oligomers, quaternised chitosan polymers and quaternised chitosan oligomers (chitoplexes) was higher than the percentage viable cells when transfected with lipoplexes prepared with Transfectam with the MTT assay. The Transfectam/DNA lipoplexes induced cell damage and a decreased viability of COS-1 cells were found. Chitosan/DNA and quaternised chitosan/DNA complexes did not affect the viability of the cell line. The degree of quaternisation of the polymers and oligomers and molecular size proved to be two important factors when considering effective non-viral gene delivery. It can be concluded that chitosan, especially quaternised oligomeric derivatives are polysaccharides that demonstrate much potential as a gene delivery system. The high solubility and low toxicity of chitosan allow its use in a wide variety of applications in the pharmaceutical industry and, as shown in this study, in gene delivery.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Pharmaceutics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
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Loron, Anne. "Chitosan polymers and plant extracts to develop biofungicides." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0002.

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Les cultures céréalières sont sujettes aux invasions de champignons pathogènes, ce qui altère la qualité des grains et pose un problème de santé publique, en raison de mycotoxines potentiellement contenues dans ces grains. Face à la prise de conscience publique et politique de la nécessité d’inclure la composante environnementale dans nos modes de consommation et de production, les fongicides synthétiques traditionnels se voient petit à petit remplacés par des alternatives plus « vertes ». Dans ce contexte, ce travail de thèse a pour but de créer une formulation à base de produits renouvelables, pour contrôler le développement et la production de toxines d’espèces fongiques pathogènes. Ce travail exploite les propriétés remarquables de trois composés : le biopolymère de chitosane, dérivé de la chitine, la tétrahydrocurcumine (THC), un dérivé de curcumine, et des extraits de pins et de vigne. Les propriétés physico-chimiques des chitosanes ont tout d’abord été caractérisées. Ces solutions de chitosanes présentent des effets antifongiques prometteurs réduisant la croissance mycélienne du champignon modèle cible Fusarium graminearum et divisant sa production de mycotoxines de plus moitié. Un des principaux atouts de ce biopolymère réside dans le fait qu’il conserve ses propriétés antifongiques sous forme d’enduction. Des extraits végétaux possédant des activités antimicrobiennes ont ensuite été étudiés. Premièrement, la THC inhibe la production de toxines et est donc combinée avec du chitosane. Afin d’accroître la solubilité dans l’eau et l’efficacité de la THC, des complexes d’inclusion ont été formés avec des cyclodextrines. De même, cette THC a été encapsulée dans d’autres matrices de biopolymères variés, tels que l’amidon ou le chitosane. Deuxièmement, les extraits issus de ressources locales de pins maritimes et de vignes démontrent eux aussi des effets antifongiques et anti-mycotoxigéniques. En particulier, l’addition d’un de ces extraits, celui d’écorce de pin maritime, à une formulation de chitosane double l’efficacité de ce dernier contre le développement du mycélium
Cereals are subject to contamination by pathogenic fungi, which damage grains and threaten the public health with their mycotoxins. Recently, the raise of public and political awareness concerning environmental issues tend to limit the use of traditional fungicides against these pathogens in favour of eco-friendlier alternatives. In this framework, this thesis work aims to create a formulation based on renewable products in order to limit the fungal development and control the production of mycotoxins from cereal fungi. Our work exploits the remarkable properties of three compounds: the chitosan, a chitin derived biopolymer, the tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a curcumin derivative, and plant extracts. In a first step, we studied and characterise the physicochemical properties of different chitosans. Chitosan solutions were shown to reduce the mycelial growth of a target model fungi Fusarium graminearum, and to divide by 2 the accumulation of mycotoxins. In addition, we showed that this biopolymer was able to maintain its antifungal properties as a form of a coating. In a second step, we focused on different plant extracts with antimicrobial activities. THC was able to inhibit the toxin production and a maritime pine by-product showed its potential to control the fungal growth. The combination of the THC or the wood extract with chitosan was then studied to increase the efficiency of the formulation. To this end, a significant work was made to increase the solubility of THC in water by forming an inclusion complex in cyclodextrins or by protecting it in starch or chitosan particles. In particular, we showed that the addition of pine extracts to a chitosan-based solution can double the effectiveness of the formulation
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Carolan, Christina Anne. "Chitosan and chitosan derivatives for use in membrane and ion-exchange technology." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238984.

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Ding, Wen. "Graft copolymerization of chitosan." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8510.

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Wang, Wei. "Structural studies on chitosan." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389687.

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Books on the topic "Chitosan"

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Ahmed, Shakeel, and Saiqa Ikram, eds. Chitosan. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.

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Jana, Sougata, and Subrata Jana, eds. Functional Chitosan. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0263-7.

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Swain, Sarat Kumar, and Anuradha Biswal, eds. Chitosan Nanocomposites. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9646-7.

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Hasan, Shameem, Veera M. Boddu, Dabir S. Viswanath, and Tushar K. Ghosh. Chitin and Chitosan. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01229-7.

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Chitosan for biomaterials. Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

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Samoilova, N. A. Interpolyelectrolyte complexes of chitosan. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Jayakumar, R., and M. Prabaharan, eds. Chitosan for Biomaterials IV. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83021-2.

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Jayakumar, R., and M. Prabaharan, eds. Chitosan for Biomaterials III. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83807-2.

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Gulati, Shikha, ed. Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite Materials. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5338-5.

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Jayakumar, Rangasamy, M. Prabaharan, and Riccardo A. A. Muzzarelli, eds. Chitosan for Biomaterials II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24061-4.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chitosan"

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Annu, Shakeel Ahmed, Shakeel Ahmed, and Saiqa Ikram. "Chitin and Chitosan: History, Composition and Properties." In Chitosan, 1–24. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch1.

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Sudha, Parappurath Narayanan, Madhavan Saranya, Thandapani Gomathi, S. Gokila, Soundararajan Aisverya, Jayachandran Venkatesan, and Sukumaran Anil. "Perspectives of Chitin- and Chitosan-Based Scaffolds Dressing in Regenerative Medicine." In Chitosan, 253–69. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch10.

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Bulbake, Upendra, Sindhu Doppalapudi, and Wahid Khan. "Chitin - and Chitosan-Based Scaffolds." In Chitosan, 271–310. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch11.

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Putri, Athika Darumas, Bayu Tri Murti, Myalowenkosi Sabela, Suvardhan Kanchi, and Krishna Bisetty. "Nanopolymer Chitosan in Cancer and Alzheimer Biomedical Application." In Chitosan, 311–59. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch12.

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Majeed, Aasim, Raoof Ahmad Najar, Shruti Choudhary, Sapna Thakur, Amandeep Singh, and Pankaj Bhardwaj. "Biomedical Significance of Chitin- and Chitosan-Based Nanocomposites." In Chitosan, 361–84. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch13.

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Singh, Gulshan, Murli Manohar, Suresh Kumar Arya, Waseem Ahmad Siddiqui, and Thor Axel Stenström. "Potential Biomedical Applications of Chitosan - and Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials." In Chitosan, 385–408. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch14.

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Majeed, Aasim, Raoof Ahmad Najar, Shruti Choudhary, Wahid Ul Rehman, Amandeep Singh, Sapna Thakur, and Pankaj Bhardwaj. "Practical and Plausible Implications of Chitin- and Chitosan-Based Nanocomposites in Agriculture." In Chitosan, 409–30. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch15.

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Gadkari, Rahul, Wazed Ali, Apurba Das, and R. Alagirusamy. "Scope of Electrospun Chitosan Nanofibrous Web for its Potential Application in Water Filtration." In Chitosan, 431–51. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch16.

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Sudha, Parappurath Narayanan, Soundararajan Aisverya, Thandapani Gomathi, Kumar Vijayalakshmi, Madhavan Saranya, Kirubanandam Sangeetha, Srinivasan Latha, and Sabu Thomas. "Application of Chitin/Chitosan and Its Derivatives as Adsorbents, Coagulants, and Flocculants." In Chitosan, 453–87. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch17.

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Ioelovich, Michael. "Nitrogenated Polysaccharides - Chitin and Chitosan, Characterization and Application." In Chitosan, 25–70. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119364849.ch2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chitosan"

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Ren, Xiang, Qingwei Zhang, Ho-lung Li, and Jack Zhou. "Micro and Nano Design and Fabrication of a Novel Artificial Photosynthesis Device." In ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference and in participation with the International Conference on Tribology Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2012-7394.

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Artificial photosynthesis is a new method to generate sustainable energy. In order to constrain reaction solution in a solid state structure and increase the reaction efficiency, we designed a novel artificial photosynthesis device with porous chitosan scaffold with interconnected micro-channels. We built 3D interconnected chitosan channels with a home-made heterogeneous 3D rapid prototyping machine, and we used lyophilization method to generate the nano pores inside the chitosan scaffold. Chitosan gel in acetic acid can form different viscosities by different chitosan’s molecular weight and the different concentrations of both chitosan and the acetic acid, so we found a proper material recipe to construct 3D scaffold by our own rapid prototyping machine. Optional support material sodium bicarbonate is used in printing 3D scaffold for holding the printed structure permanently, and the result shows that this method can make the scaffold stronger and harmless to further processes such as adding light reaction units and dark reaction solution into the device.
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Brysch, Cynthia, Eric Wold, Francisco C. Robles Hernandez, and John F. Eberth. "Sintering of Chitosan and Chitosan Composites." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86393.

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Chitosan is a naturally-occurring polymer that is derived through the deacetylation of chitin. Chitin, found in the exoskeletons of invertebrates, is ubiquitous in nature and easily collected as waste and repurposed for a multitude of industrial and biomedical applications. Development of composites of chitosan and carbon are attractive due to their availability, compatibility, and mechanical properties. In the present work we construct a chitosan composite reinforced with 2 wt% carbon nanostructures using mechanical milling. The carbon nanostructures consist of amorphous carbon, graphene-like, and graphitic nanostructures synthesized by mechanical exfoliation. We demonstrate that the mechanical properties of this composite material can be altered by varying the sintering conditions. Preliminary thermal analysis showed a degradation temperature around 220 ± 5 °C but this was also influenced by the duration of temperature exposure. The material was strengthened by adding carbon nano-composites and through sintering. Better sintering conditions occurred at lower temperatures and shorter times. The new material properties are characterized by means of mechanical testing, electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction.
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Nastiti, Dyah Ayu, Anisya Tri Kurniawati Anwar, Achmad Sjaifullah, Busroni Busroni, and Muhammad Reza. "Preparation of Chitosan Film for Smart Packaging: The Effects of Base on Deacetylation Process." In International Conference on Chemistry and Material Sciences 2023 (IC2MS). Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-pua9hz.

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Shrimp waste contains a high content of chitin which is potential to be used as a chitosan’s precursor. Synthesis of chitosan is usually done by deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylation process. Deacetylation of chitin from shrimp waste isolated by autolysis, has been a few reported before. The chemicals involved in autolysis are less harmful and easier to treat before their disposal. Hence, this paper investigates the effect of base type and concentration on the degree of deacetylation of chitosan from chitin isolated by autolysis. Autolysis was carried out by an incubation at pH 2 using sulfuric acid for 10 d. Demineralization was performed by immersion in hydrochloric acid pH 1 for 24 h. The deacetylation of chitin was carried out at 120 °C for 120 min using two different bases, which are NaOH and KOH, respectively. The determination of chitosan’s degree of deacetylation (DD) was carried out using a semi-quantitative method from IR spectra. The use of KOH resulted in the obtained DD of less than 20%, while the NaOH usage produced around 50% of DD. Then, the NaOH was chosen and studied further to obtain a suitable DD for film applications, which is 40 – 99%. The deacetylation of chitosan was carried out by varying NaOH concentration from 60 to 70% (w/v). High concentration of NaOH tends to increase chitosan’s DD and slightly decrease the yield. The optimum concentration of NaOH was obtained at 70% (w/v) producing DD of 53.50±0.83% and yield of 47.66±0.28%. Chitosan synthesized using 70% concentration of NaOH produced a relatively homogeneous thin film. Polyaniline was then introduced to the film to obtain a prototype of smart packaging. This smart packaging was able to detect the pH changes proven by the change of its color.
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Faria, Roberto Ribeiro, Lourival Rodrigues de Sousa Neto, Victor de Sousa Batista, Keli Cristina Barbosa dos Reis, and Odonírio Abrahão Junior. "Potential Mean Force for Chitosan and Glyphosate." In VIII Simpósio de Estrutura Eletrônica e Dinâmica Molecular. Universidade de Brasília, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21826/viiiseedmol2020164.

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Glyphosate is the most widely consumed herbicide in the world and has threatening and harmful properties to living beings due to its chronic toxicity and carcinogenic activity. That is why the proposal to remove glyphosate through chitosan in an aqueous medium arose, due to the high capacity of the biopolymer to chelate contaminants. This can be achieved computationally, simulating models representing real systems, such as the Molecular Dynamics (MD) methodology, mainly in models of atomistic force fields such as OPLS-AA (Optimized Potentials for Atomistic Liquid Simulations) used here, through the computational software GROMACS 4.6 (Groningen Machine for Chemical Simulations). However, this work aims to calculate the Potential Mean Force (PMF) of chitosan and glyphosate binding through 594 simulations by Steered Molecular Dynamics (SMD) using umbrella sampling method, performing the gradual removal of the herbicide in 3 different Cartesian axes ( + x; + y; + z) and in 3 different temperatures (288 K, 298 K, and 308 K) adding 9 systems with 66 simulations for each axis and 198 simulations for each temperature. The glyphosate adsorption process occurs mainly by formation of electrostatic interactions caused by its high polarity groups, such as phosphonate, carboxylate, and amine with the chitosan's groups such as non-acetylated amine groups, primary and secondary hydroxyls. The energy barriers showed very close values in all systems, indicating enough disturbance samples to satisfy Jarzynski's equality. This fact suggested the lack of specificity regarding the axis of untying of the herbicide in relation to chitosan since the great proximity between all the PMF calculations performed was evident. Therefore, the promising potential of chitosan as a glyphosate adsorbent was theoretically confirmed, it agrees with experimental studies of the attempt to remove the herbicide glyphosate in chitosan in desorption processes.
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Suzery, Meiny, Bambang Cahyono, Widayat, and Lina Apriliana. "Encapsulation of hyptolide coated alginate, chitosan, and alginate-chitosan." In VIII INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL CONFERENCE “INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES AND ENGINEERING” (ICITE 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0106801.

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Essakali, S., A. Kheribech, M. Bakasse, and Z. Hatim. "Development of some Bio-Composite Materials Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan and TiO2/Chitosan." In 2nd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks "Mediterranean Winter" 2008. ICTON-MW'08. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictonmw.2008.4773121.

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Mustafa, Tarik Dawud, Lucimara Gaziola de La Torre, and Amanda da Costa e Silva de Noronha Pessoa. "Microfluidic platforms for the synthesis of Chitosan and Glycol Chitosan nanoparticles." In XXV Congresso de Iniciação Cientifica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2017-78742.

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Ganapathy, Ramanan, and Ahmet Aykaç. "Depolymerisation of High Molecular Weight Chitosan and Its Impact on Purity and Deacetylation." In 6th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2022.048.

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Chitosan (poly[β-(1-4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose]) is a non-toxic and biocompatible cationic polysaccharide produced by partial deacetylation of chitin isolated from naturally occurring crustacean shells. Its low solubility limits its application, improving the solubility by reducing the molecular weight, increases its wide application in food, agriculture, pharmaceutical and other technical applications. Low molecular weight chitosan, acts as a potent biotic elicitor, induce plant defense responses, activating different pathways that increase the crop resistance to diseases. Antimicrobial activity of chitosan inversely proportional to its molecular weight. Chitosan degradation has many techniques, ultrasound, electron beam plasma, solution plasma, cavitation, mechanical, microwave, photo irradiated and chemical. Chemical depolymerization can be affected utilizing alkalis (NaOH, KOH), sodium nitrite, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide etc. In our study we used chemical method to reduce molecular weight of chitosan, utilizing sodium nitrite at various concentrations. During depolymerization its impact on purity of chitosan was studied. Depolymerized chitosan molecular weights were ascertained by intrinsic viscosity method, its purity was measured by UV-Vis method.
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Choi, Ung-su, and Hans Conrad. "Electrorheology of Chitin and Chitosan Suspensions: Conductivity vs Molecular Structure." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0458.

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Abstract The electrical and rheological properties pertaining to the electrorheological (ER) behavior of chitin and chitosan suspensions in silicone oil were investigated. Chitosan suspension showed a typical ER response (Bingham flow behavior) upon application of an electric field, while chitin suspension acted as a Newtonian fluid. The difference in behavior results from the difference in the conductivity of the chitin and chitosan particles, even though they have a similar chemical structure. The shear stress for the chitosan suspension exhibited a linear dependence on the volume fraction of particles and a 1.18 power of the electric field. The experimental results for the chitosan suspension correlated with the conduction model for ER response.
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Wang, Jing-song, Zheng-lei Bao, Si-guang Chen, and Jin-hui Yang. "Removal of Uranium From Aqueous Solution by Chitosan and Ferrous Ions." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30305.

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This study focuses on developing a new method to remove uranium from aqueous solution. Chitosan and ferrous ions were used together to remove uranium ions from aqueous solution. Through two-step pH adjustment, the uptake behavior of chitosan and ferrous ions toward uranium in aqueous solution using batch systems were studied in different experimental conditions. The experimental results indicated that the removal of uranium by synergetic effect of chitosan and ferrous ions was more effective than the way of adsorbing uranium ions by chitosan alone. Under the given experimental conditions, the concentration of the residual uranium in the effluent after chitosan and ferrous ions treatment could meet the discharge standard (< 0.05mg·l−1) when initial concentration of uranium ions was 10 mg·l−1 or 100 mg·l−1. The synergetic effect of chitosan and ferrous ions including adsorption, coacervation and coprecipitation, are responsible for the high removal rate of uranium.
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Reports on the topic "Chitosan"

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Thomas, Catherine C., Jonathan Broussard, and Victor F. Medina. Chitosan as a Coagulant and Precipitant of Algae Present in Backwater. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44904.

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The purpose of this technical note (TN) is to highlight the current state of knowledge of algal flocculation by chitosan and identify data gaps existing between specific algal characteristics and chitosan binding efficiency. Published relationships and correlations between the quality of backwaters and the prevalence of algae, a baseline for flocculation efficiency of microalgae, and ideal treatment instances for algal removal by way of chitosan flocculation and precipitation will be identified.
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Cabrera, Anahi Maldonado, Blayra Maldonado Cabrera, Dalia Isabel Sánchez Machado, and Jaime López Cervantes. Wound healing therapeutic effect of chitosan nanofibers: a systematic review and meta- analysis of animal studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0121.

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Review question / Objective: Review question: Does chitosan base nanofibers has significant wound healing therapeutics effects in animal models? A preclinical systematic review of intervention will be carried out to evaluate the therapeutic effects of chitosan nanofibers on animal skin lesions. The PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome) scheme will be used: Intervention: full-thickness skin lesions, and the application of chitosan nanofibers as treatment for animal skin lesions. Regardless of the concentration of chitosan or other added compounds used. Comparison: No intervention, topical placebo agents and standard skin lesions treatments will be included. Outcome: wound healing area, wound closure, type of wound closure (first, second or third intention), healing time, infectious processes (antibacterial/antifungal properties), blood loss (hemostatic properties) and adverse effects.
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Lewis, Terry W. Hemostatic Activity of Chitosan in Wound Management. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada211370.

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Poverenov, Elena, Tara McHugh, and Victor Rodov. Waste to Worth: Active antimicrobial and health-beneficial food coating from byproducts of mushroom industry. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600015.bard.

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Background. In this proposal we suggest developing a common solution for three seemingly unrelated acute problems: (1) improving sustainability of fast-growing mushroom industry producing worldwide millions of tons of underutilized leftovers; (2) alleviating the epidemic of vitamin D deficiency adversely affecting the public health in both countries and in other regions; (3) reducing spoilage of perishable fruit and vegetable products leading to food wastage. Based on our previous experience we propose utilizing appropriately processed mushroom byproducts as a source of two valuable bioactive materials: antimicrobial and wholesome polysaccharide chitosan and health-strengthening nutrient ergocalciferol⁽ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2⁾. ᴬᵈᵈⁱᵗⁱᵒⁿᵃˡ ᵇᵉⁿᵉᶠⁱᵗ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉˢᵉ ᵐᵃᵗᵉʳⁱᵃˡˢ ⁱˢ ᵗʰᵉⁱʳ ᵒʳⁱᵍⁱⁿ ᶠʳᵒᵐ ⁿᵒⁿ⁻ᵃⁿⁱᵐᵃˡ ᶠᵒᵒᵈ⁻ᵍʳᵃᵈᵉ source. We proposed using chitosan and vitamin D as ingredients in active edible coatings on two model foods: highly perishable fresh-cut melon and less perishable health bars. Objectives and work program. The general aim of the project is improving storability, safety and health value of foods by developing and applying a novel active edible coating based on utilization of mushroom industry leftovers. The work plan includes the following tasks: (a) optimizing the UV-B treatment of mushroom leftover stalks to enrich them with vitamin D without compromising chitosan quality - Done; (b) developing effective extraction procedures to yield chitosan and vitamin D from the stalks - Done; (c) utilizing LbL approach to prepare fungal chitosan-based edible coatings with optimal properties - Done; (d) enrichment of the coating matrix with fungal vitamin D utilizing molecular encapsulation and nano-encapsulation approaches - Done, it was found that no encapsulation methods are needed to enrich chitosan matrix with vitamin D; (e) testing the performance of the coating for controlling spoilage of fresh cut melons - Done; (f) testing the performance of the coating for nutritional enhancement and quality preservation of heath bars - Done. Achievements. In this study numerous results were achieved. Mushroom waste, leftover stalks, was treated ʷⁱᵗʰ ᵁⱽ⁻ᴮ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵗʳᵉᵃᵗᵐᵉⁿᵗ ⁱⁿᵈᵘᶜᵉˢ ᵃ ᵛᵉʳʸ ʰⁱᵍʰ ᵃᶜᶜᵘᵐᵘˡᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵒᶠ ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2, ᶠᵃʳ ᵉˣᶜᵉᵉᵈⁱⁿᵍ any other dietary vitamin D source. The straightforward vitamin D extraction procedure and ᵃ ˢⁱᵐᵖˡⁱᶠⁱᵉᵈ ᵃⁿᵃˡʸᵗⁱᶜᵃˡ ᵖʳᵒᵗᵒᶜᵒˡ ᶠᵒʳ ᵗⁱᵐᵉ⁻ᵉᶠᶠⁱᶜⁱᵉⁿᵗ ᵈᵉᵗᵉʳᵐⁱⁿᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉ ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2 ᶜᵒⁿᵗᵉⁿᵗ suitable for routine product quality control were developed. Concerning the fungal chitosan extraction, new freeze-thawing protocol was developed, tested on three different mushroom sources and compared to the classic protocol. The new protocol resulted in up to 2-fold increase in the obtained chitosan yield, up to 3-fold increase in its deacetylation degree, high whitening index and good antimicrobial activity. The fungal chitosan films enriched with Vitamin D were prepared and compared to the films based on animal origin chitosan demonstrating similar density, porosity and water vapor permeability. Layer-by-layer chitosan-alginate electrostatic deposition was used to coat fruit bars. The coatings helped to preserve the quality and increase the shelf-life of fruit bars, delaying degradation of ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacity loss as well as reducing bar softening. Microbiological analyses also showed a delay in yeast and fungal growth when compared with single layer coatings of fungal or animal chitosan or alginate. Edible coatings were also applied on fresh-cut melons and provided significant improvement of physiological quality (firmness, weight ˡᵒˢˢ⁾, ᵐⁱᶜʳᵒᵇⁱᵃˡ ˢᵃᶠᵉᵗʸ ⁽ᵇᵃᶜᵗᵉʳⁱᵃ, ᵐᵒˡᵈ, ʸᵉᵃˢᵗ⁾, ⁿᵒʳᵐᵃˡ ʳᵉˢᵖⁱʳᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵖʳᵒᶜᵉˢˢ ⁽Cᴼ2, ᴼ²⁾ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵈⁱᵈ not cause off-flavor (EtOH). It was also found that the performance of edible coating from fungal stalk leftovers does not concede to the chitosan coatings sourced from animal or good quality mushrooms. Implications. The proposal helped attaining triple benefit: valorization of mushroom industry byproducts; improving public health by fortification of food products with vitamin D from natural non-animal source; and reducing food wastage by using shelf- life-extending antimicrobial edible coatings. New observations with scientific impact were found. The program resulted in 5 research papers. Several effective and straightforward procedures that can be adopted by mushroom growers and food industries were developed. BARD Report - Project 4784
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Narayan, Mayur. Hydrophobically Modified Chitosan Gauze for Control of Massive Hemorrhage. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629307.

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Yoncheva, Krassimira. Benefits and Perspectives of Nanoparticles Based on Chitosan and Sodium Alginate. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.03.01.

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Mattei-Sosa, Jose, Victor Medina, Chris Griggs, and Veera Gude. Crosslinking graphene oxide and chitosan to form scalable water treatment membranes. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/33263.

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Oliveira, Mariana, Vívian Souza, Guilherme Tavares, Rodrigo Fabri, and Ana Carolina Apolônio. Effects of antibiotic-loaded chitosan nanoparticles against resistant bacteria: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.6.0069.

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Bumgardner, Joel D. Dual Delivery of Growth Factors and or Antibiotics from Chitosan-Composites for Bone Regeneration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada532903.

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Klepzig, Kier D., and Charles H. Walkinshaw. Cellular response of loblolly pine to wound inoculation with bark beetle-associated fungi and chitosan. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rp-30.

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