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Journal articles on the topic 'Chirality'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 November 2024

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1

Utsunomiya, Sosuke, So Sakamura, Takeshi Sasamura, Tomoki Ishibashi, Chinami Maeda, Mikiko Inaki, and Kenji Matsuno. "Cells with Broken Left–Right Symmetry: Roles of Intrinsic Cell Chirality in Left–Right Asymmetric Epithelial Morphogenesis." Symmetry 11, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11040505.

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Chirality is a fundamental feature in biology, from the molecular to the organismal level. An animal has chirality in the left–right asymmetric structure and function of its body. In general, chirality occurring at the molecular and organ/organism scales has been studied separately. However, recently, chirality was found at the cellular level in various species. This “cell chirality” can serve as a link between molecular chirality and that of an organ or animal. Cell chirality is observed in the structure, motility, and cytoplasmic dynamics of cells and the mechanisms of cell chirality formation are beginning to be understood. In all cases studied so far, proteins that interact chirally with F-actin, such as formin and myosin I, play essential roles in cell chirality formation or the switching of a cell’s enantiomorphic state. Thus, the chirality of F-actin may represent the ultimate origin of cell chirality. Links between cell chirality and left–right body asymmetry are also starting to be revealed in various animal species. In this review, the mechanisms of cell chirality formation and its roles in left–right asymmetric development are discussed, with a focus on the fruit fly Drosophila, in which many of the pioneering studies were conducted.

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2

Niemeyer, Jochen, and Noel Pairault. "Chiral Mechanically Interlocked Molecules – Applications of Rotaxanes, Catenanes and Molecular Knots in Stereoselective Chemosensing and Catalysis." Synlett 29, no. 06 (February 26, 2018): 689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1591934.

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Interlocked molecules, such as rotaxanes, catenanes, and molecular knots, offer conceptually new possibilities for the generation of chiral chemosensors and catalysts. Due to the presence of the mechanical or topological bond, interlocked molecules can be used to design functional systems with unprecedented features, such as switchability and deep binding cavities. In addition, classical elements of chirality can be supplemented with mechanical or topological chirality, which have so far only scarcely been employed as sources of chirality for stereoselective applications. This minireview discusses recent examples in this emerging area, showing that the application of chiral interlocked molecules in sensing and catalysis offers many fascinating opportunities for future research.1 Introduction2 Interlocked Molecules with Chiral Subcomponents2.1 Point Chirality2.2 Axial Chirality3 Mechanically Chiral Interlocked Molecules4 Topologically Chiral Interlocked Molecules5 Outlook

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3

Keblish, Erin Elizabeth, Mijin Kim, Dana Goerzen, and Daniel A. Heller. "Impact of Surfactant to DNA Exchange on Carbon Nanotube Emission for Biosensing Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 8 (August 9, 2024): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-018830mtgabs.

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Synthesis methods of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) result in mixtures of different chiralites. Chirality affects SWCNT diameter as well electronic and optical properties. For use in optical sensors, mono-chirality SWCNTs offer better signal compared to chirality mixtures. A common chirality separation method is aqueous two-phase extraction, where solutions of surfactants are used to partition SWCNTs based on chirality. The process results in a mono-chiral solution of SWCNTs wrapped in surfactant, however for sensing applications SWCNTs need to be exchanged from this surfactant wrapping to single stranded DNA wrapping. Concerns have been raised about residual surfactant remaining on the SWCNT surface after the exchange process and the effect this would have on the sensing capabilities of the SWCNT. To investigate this, we compared the emission spectra of covalently modified SWCNTs sonicated directly in DNA to that of SWCNTs exchanged from surfactant into DNA. We observed that emission from exchanged SWCNTs was red shifted compared to direct DNA sonicated SWCNTs, however exchanged SWCNTs had similar environmental responsivity to direct DNA sonicated SWCNTs.

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4

Khan, Iftheker A., Joseph R. V. Flora, A. R. M. Nabiul Afrooz, Nirupam Aich, P. Ariette Schierz, P. Lee Ferguson, Tara Sabo-Attwood, and Navid B. Saleh. "Change in chirality of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes can overcome anionic surfactant stabilisation: a systematic study of aggregation kinetics." Environmental Chemistry 12, no. 6 (2015): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en14176.

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Environmental context Chirally enriched semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are some of the most utilised nanomaterials. Although chirality of SWNTs is known to influence their electronic properties and interfacial interaction, the interplay between chirality and surfactant structure in SWNT stability is not well understood. This study investigates these interactions, providing data to better assess the environmental fate of SWNTs. Abstract Single-walled carbon nanotubes’ (SWNT) effectiveness in applications is enhanced by debundling or stabilisation. Anionic surfactants are known to effectively stabilise SWNTs. However, the role of specific chirality on surfactant-stabilised SWNT aggregation has not been studied to date. The aggregation behaviour of chirally enriched (6,5) and (7,6) semiconducting SWNTs, functionalised with three anionic surfactants – sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium deoxycholate – was evaluated with time-resolved dynamic light scattering. A wide range of mono- (NaCl) and divalent (CaCl2) electrolytes as well as a 2.5mg total organic carbon (TOC) L–1 Suwannee River humic acid were used as background chemistry. Overall, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate showed the most effectiveness in stabilising SWNTs, followed by sodium deoxycholate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. However, the larger diameter (7,6) chirality tubes (compared to (6,5) diameter), compromised the surfactant stability due to enhanced van der Waals interaction. The presence of divalent electrolytes overshadowed the chirality effects and resulted in similar aggregation behaviour for both the SWNT samples. Molecular modelling results elucidated key differences in surfactant conformation on SWNT surfaces and identified interaction energy changes between the two chiralities to delineate aggregation mechanisms. The stability of SWNTs increased in the presence of Suwannee River humic acid under 10mM monovalent and mixed-electrolyte conditions. The results suggest that change in chirality can overcome surfactant stabilisation of semiconducting SWNTs. SWNT stability can also be strongly influenced by the anionic surfactant structure.

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5

Weinberg, Noham, and Kurt Mislow. "On chirality measures and chirality properties." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 78, no. 1 (January 15, 2000): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-223.

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It is shown that chiral zeroes are integral to all pseudoscalar functions, and that these functions, and thus the chirality properties that are described by them, are therefore normally unsuitable as chirality measures. The multidimensional nature of chirality properties is explored. Chirality measures for nonrigid objects and stochastic systems are discussed. It is shown that if the chirality of a nonrigid object is described as a time average of the chirality measures of its instant configurations, this time average is nonzero not only for chiral but also for achiral molecules. This paradox can be resolved if chirality measures are properly applied to nonrigid objects.Key words: chirality, chiral zeroes, chirality measures, chirality properties.

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6

Lee, Edmund J. D., and Ken M. Williams. "Chirality." Clinical Pharmacokinetics 18, no. 5 (May 1990): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199018050-00001.

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7

Pirkle, William H., Christopher J. Welch, J. Andrew Burke, Bo Lamm, Patrick Camilleri, Volker Schurig, M. Jung, et al. "Chirality." Anal. Proc. 29, no. 6 (1992): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ap9922900225.

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8

Roy, Sarita, Kaushik Bhattacharya, Chitra Mandal, and Anjan Kr Dasgupta. "Cellular response to chirality and amplified chirality." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 1, no. 48 (2013): 6634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tb21322f.

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9

Čepič, Mojca. "Chirality, Chirality Transfer and the Chiroclinic Effect." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 475, no. 1 (December 13, 2007): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421400701681141.

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10

Smith, Howard. "Chirality Counts?" Pain Physician 4;15, no. 4;8 (August 14, 2012): E377—E357. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/e355.

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11

&NA;. "Pharmaceuticals?? chirality." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 947 (July 1994): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199409470-00008.

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12

Itoh, T., N. Nakagaki, T. Uno, and M. Kabo. "Poly-Chirality." Synfacts 2010, no. 05 (April 22, 2010): 0618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1219764.

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13

Lin, Yun-Ming. "Creating chirality." Nature Chemical Biology 4, no. 6 (June 2008): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio0608-330.

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14

Green, M. M. "Cosmic Chirality." Science 282, no. 5390 (October 30, 1998): 879e—879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.282.5390.879e.

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15

Wnendt, Stephan, and Kai Zwingenberger. "Thalidomide's chirality." Nature 385, no. 6614 (January 1997): 303–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/385303b0.

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16

Vinson, V. "Chirality Check." Science 343, no. 6167 (January 9, 2014): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.343.6167.119-b.

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17

Kolosov, Jacqueline. "Chirality; Father." Wasafiri 34, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690055.2019.1613024.

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18

BORMAN, STU. "CREATING CHIRALITY." Chemical & Engineering News 84, no. 37 (September 11, 2006): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v084n037.p009.

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19

Turner, Nicholas J. "Controlling chirality." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 14, no. 4 (August 2003): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-1669(03)00093-4.

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20

Payne, Peter. "Balancing chirality." New Scientist 208, no. 2792 (December 2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(10)63169-7.

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21

Neuberger, Herbert. "Lattice chirality." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 73, no. 1-3 (March 1999): 697–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(99)85177-9.

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22

Kren, Vladimir. "Silibinin chirality." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 203, no. 2-3 (April 2009): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.02.014.

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23

Salem, Lionel, Xavier Chapuisat, Gerald Segal, Philippe C. Hiberty, Christian Minot, Claude Leforestier, and Philippe Sautet. "Chirality forces." Journal of the American Chemical Society 109, no. 10 (May 1987): 2887–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00244a006.

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24

Gleiser, Marcelo, Joel Thorarinson, and Sara Imari Walker. "Punctuated Chirality." Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres 38, no. 6 (October 8, 2008): 499–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11084-008-9147-0.

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25

Bailey, Jeremy. "Extraterrestrial Chirality." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 213 (2004): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900193143.

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The homochirality of biological molecules — the almost exclusive use of L-amino acids and D-sugars — is a fundamental property of life, but its origin poses a problem. Recent work has shown an excess of the L enantiomer in amino acids in the Murchison and Murray meteorites, supporting the model, first proposed by Rubenstein et al. (1983) of an extraterrestrial origin for homochirality. This paper discusses the evidence for extraterrestrial chiral asymmetry, the processes which could have led to such asymmetry, and the possible relevance for the origin of biological homochirality on Earth.

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26

Aono, Shigeyuki. "Molecular Chirality." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 73, no. 10 (October 15, 2004): 2712–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.73.2712.

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27

Clayden, Jonathan. "Communicating chirality." Nature Chemistry 3, no. 11 (October 24, 2011): 842–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1181.

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28

King, R. Bruce. "Chirality polynomials." Journal of Mathematical Chemistry 2, no. 2 (April 1988): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01165923.

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29

Flapan, Erica. "Intrinsic chirality." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 336, no. 2-3 (June 1995): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(95)04076-i.

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30

Chen, Shaowei, Zhiyong Tang, and Jianping Xie. "Nanoscale Chirality." Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 36, no. 5 (May 2019): 1900129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201900129.

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31

Hutchings, Graham J. "Chirality revisited." Applied Catalysis A: General 137, no. 2 (April 1996): N13—N14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-860x(96)80081-0.

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32

Vystavkin, Nikita, and Christopher Teskey. "Heteroatom Chirality." Nachrichten aus der Chemie 71, no. 07-08 (June 29, 2023): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nadc.20234134055.

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33

Hegstrom, Roger A. "Electron chirality." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 232 (July 1991): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(91)85241-x.

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34

MacDermott, Alexandra J. "Chirality: Distinguishing true chirality from its accidental imitators." Nature 323, no. 6083 (September 1986): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/323016a0.

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35

Le Guennec, Patrick. "Two-dimensional theory of chirality. I. Absolute chirality." Journal of Mathematical Physics 41, no. 9 (September 2000): 5954–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1285982.

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36

Setaro, Antonio, Pascal Bluemmel, Marcus Ulf Witt, Rohit Narula, and Stephanie Reich. "Carbon nanotube chirality enrichment through chirality-selective precipitation." physica status solidi (b) 253, no. 12 (November 10, 2016): 2380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.201600642.

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37

Yuan, Jianan, Xuemin Lu, Songyang Zhang, Feng Zheng, Quanzheng Deng, Lu Han, and Qinghua Lu. "Molecular Chirality and Morphological Structural Chirality of Exogenous Chirality-Induced Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymers." Macromolecules 55, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 1566–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02445.

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38

Le Guennec, Patrick. "Two-dimensional theory of chirality. II. Relative chirality and the chirality of complex fields." Journal of Mathematical Physics 41, no. 9 (September 2000): 5986–6006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1285981.

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39

Liang, Xiaotong, Wenting Liang, Pengyue Jin, Hongtao Wang, Wanhua Wu, and Cheng Yang. "Advances in Chirality Sensing with Macrocyclic Molecules." Chemosensors 9, no. 10 (September 29, 2021): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9100279.

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The construction of chemical sensors that can distinguish molecular chirality has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to the significance of chiral organic molecules and the importance of detecting their absolute configuration and chiroptical purity. The supramolecular chirality sensing strategy has shown promising potential due to its advantages of high throughput, sensitivity, and fast chirality detection. This review focuses on chirality sensors based on macrocyclic compounds. Macrocyclic chirality sensors usually have inherent complexing ability towards certain chiral guests, which combined with the signal output components, could offer many unique advantages/properties compared to traditional chiral sensors. Chirality sensing based on macrocyclic sensors has shown rapid progress in recent years. This review summarizes recent advances in chirality sensing based on both achiral and chiral macrocyclic compounds, especially newly emerged macrocyclic molecules.

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40

Tverdislov, V. "SYMMETRY BREAKING IS THE PHYSICAL BASIS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF "USEFUL WORK" BY BIOLOGICAL MOLECULAR MACHINES." Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty 7, no. 4 (November 24, 2022): 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/rusjbpc.2022.0559.

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The physical basis for the functioning of living systems are molecular machines. The performance of "useful work" is the essence of their biological functions. Molecular machines are chiral hierarchically organized devices (constructions). They cyclically transform the form of energy by changing or switching symmetries in its chiral structural elements, which just realize the selected “quasi-mechanical” degrees of freedom in them. The phenomenon of chirality allows the formation of discrete chirally sign-alternating hierarchies of structures in macromolecular machines in the process of folding: starting from the level of asymmetric carbon in deoxyribose and amino acids. Previously, we have identified and analyzed the tendency of alternation of the sign of chirality of the intramolecular structural levels D-L-D-L for DNA and L-D-L-D for proteins. Helicity and superhelicity of intramolecular and supramolecular structures are also manifestations of chirality. Also, within the framework of the developed ideas, the chiral splitting of the properties of the elements of the structures ensures the unidirectional movement of machines along the energy cycle due to the nonlinear valve properties of the spiral structures. Spiral structures can serve as asymmetric, non-linear, mechanical, including switching, structural elements of molecular machines (like a ratchet-pawl device) in terms of rotational degrees of freedom.

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41

Adawy, Alaa. "Functional Chirality: From Small Molecules to Supramolecular Assemblies." Symmetry 14, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14020292.

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Many structures in nature look symmetric, but this is not completely accurate, because absolute symmetry is close to death. Chirality (handedness) is one form of living asymmetry. Chirality has been extensively investigated at different levels. Many rules were coined in attempts made for many decades to have control over the selection of handedness that seems to easily occur in nature. It is certain that if good control is realized on chirality, the roads will be ultimately open towards numerous developments in pharmaceutical, technological, and industrial applications. This tutorial review presents a report on chirality from single molecules to supramolecular assemblies. The realized functions are still in their infancy and have been scarcely converted into actual applications. This review provides an overview for starters in the chirality field of research on concepts, common methodologies, and outstanding accomplishments. It starts with an introductory section on the definitions and classifications of chirality at the different levels of molecular complexity, followed by highlighting the importance of chirality in biological systems and the different means of realizing chirality and its inversion in solid and solution-based systems at molecular and supramolecular levels. Chirality-relevant important findings and (bio-)technological applications are also reported accordingly.

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42

Inaki, Mikiko, Jingyang Liu, and Kenji Matsuno. "Cell chirality: its origin and roles in left–right asymmetric development." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1710 (December 19, 2016): 20150403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0403.

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An item is chiral if it cannot be superimposed on its mirror image. Most biological molecules are chiral. The homochirality of amino acids ensures that proteins are chiral, which is essential for their functions. Chirality also occurs at the whole-cell level, which was first studied mostly in ciliates, single-celled protozoans. Ciliates show chirality in their cortical structures, which is not determined by genetics, but by ‘cortical inheritance’. These studies suggested that molecular chirality directs whole-cell chirality. Intriguingly, chirality in cellular structures and functions is also found in metazoans. In Drosophila , intrinsic cell chirality is observed in various left–right (LR) asymmetric tissues, and appears to be responsible for their LR asymmetric morphogenesis. In other invertebrates, such as snails and Caenorhabditis elegans , blastomere chirality is responsible for subsequent LR asymmetric development. Various cultured cells of vertebrates also show intrinsic chirality in their cellular behaviours and intracellular structural dynamics. Thus, cell chirality may be a general property of eukaryotic cells. In Drosophila , cell chirality drives the LR asymmetric development of individual organs, without establishing the LR axis of the whole embryo. Considering that organ-intrinsic LR asymmetry is also reported in vertebrates, this mechanism may contribute to LR asymmetric development across phyla. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Provocative questions in left–right asymmetry’.

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43

Wang, Qiuling, Li Zhang, Dong Yang, Tiesheng Li, and Minghua Liu. "Chiral signs of TPPS co-assemblies with chiral gelators: role of molecular and supramolecular chirality." Chemical Communications 52, no. 84 (2016): 12434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc05668g.

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44

Tschierske, Carsten, and Christian Dressel. "Mirror Symmetry Breaking in Liquids and Their Impact on the Development of Homochirality in Abiogenesis: Emerging Proto-RNA as Source of Biochirality?" Symmetry 12, no. 7 (July 2, 2020): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071098.

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Recent progress in mirror symmetry breaking and chirality amplification in isotropic liquids and liquid crystalline cubic phases of achiral molecule is reviewed and discussed with respect to its implications for the hypothesis of emergence of biological chirality. It is shown that mirror symmetry breaking takes place in fluid systems where homochiral interactions are preferred over heterochiral and a dynamic network structure leads to chirality synchronization if the enantiomerization barrier is sufficiently low, i.e., that racemization drives the development of uniform chirality. Local mirror symmetry breaking leads to conglomerate formation. Total mirror symmetry breaking requires either a proper phase transitions kinetics or minor chiral fields, leading to stochastic and deterministic homochirality, respectively, associated with an extreme chirality amplification power close to the bifurcation point. These mirror symmetry broken liquids are thermodynamically stable states and considered as possible systems in which uniform biochirality could have emerged. A model is hypothesized, which assumes the emergence of uniform chirality by chirality synchronization in dynamic “helical network fluids” followed by polymerization, fixing the chirality and leading to proto-RNA formation in a single process.

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45

Mogi, Iwao, Ryoichi Morimoto, Ryoichi Aogaki, and Kohki Takahashi. "Breaking of Odd Chirality in Magnetoelectrodeposition." Magnetochemistry 8, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry8070067.

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Electrodeposition under magnetic fields (magnetoelectrodeposition; MED) can induce surface chirality on copper films. The chiral signs of MED films should depend on the magnetic field polarity; namely, the reversal of the magnetic field causes the opposite chiral sign. This represents odd chirality for the magnetic field polarity. However, odd chirality was broken in several MED conditions. This paper makes a survey of breaking of odd chirality in the MED conditions such as low magnetic fields, specific adsorption of chloride ions, micro-electrode, and cell rotation. These results indicate that the ordered fluctuation of magnetohydrodynamic micro-vortices induces the breaking of odd chirality and that the random fluctuation results in the disappearance of surface chirality.

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46

Petronijevic, Emilija, and Concita Sibilia. "Enhanced Near-Field Chirality in Periodic Arrays of Si Nanowires for Chiral Sensing." Molecules 24, no. 5 (February 28, 2019): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24050853.

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Nanomaterials can be specially designed to enhance optical chirality and their interaction with chiral molecules can lead to enhanced enantioselectivity. Here we propose periodic arrays of Si nanowires for the generation of enhanced near-field chirality. Such structures confine the incident electromagnetic field into specific resonant modes, which leads to an increase in local optical chirality. We investigate and optimize near-field chirality with respect to the geometric parameters and excitation scheme. Specially, we propose a simple experiment for the enhanced enantioselectivity, and optimize the average chirality depending on the possible position of the chiral molecule. We believe that such a simple achiral nanowire approach can be functionalized to give enhanced chirality in the spectral range of interest and thus lead to better discrimination of enantiomers.

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47

Yavahchova, M. S., D. Tonev, N. Goutev, G. de Angelis, R. K. Bhowmik, R. P. Singh, S. Muralithar, et al. "Examples of dynamic chirality in nuclei." EPJ Web of Conferences 194 (2018): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201819405003.

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In many cases the chirality was almost observed but the transition probabilities are different. This fact is clearly seen in the cases of 134Pr and 102Rh. In the case of chirality, the yrast and the side bands should be nearly degenerate. In the angular momentum region where chirality sets, the B(E2) values of the electromagnetic transitions deexciting analog states of the chiral twin bands should be almost equal. Correspondingly the B(M1) values should exhibit staggering. Our lifetime measurements in the cases of 134Pr and 102Rh and the theoretical analysis do not support static chirality. Chirality has mainly a dynamical character in both nuclei. In the present paper, we compare our results with the results for other chiral candidate nuclei, which fulfill static chirality conditions.

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48

Yamanaka, Hiroaki, and Shigeru Kondo. "Zebrafish Melanophores Suggest Novel Functions of Cell Chirality in Tissue Formation." Symmetry 13, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13010130.

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Several types of cells show left–right asymmetric behavior, unidirectional rotation, or spiral movements. For example, neutrophil-like differentiated HL60 (dHL60) cells show leftward bias in response to chemoattractant. Neurons extend neurites, creating a clockwise spiral. Platelet cells shows unidirectional spiral arrangements of actin fibers. In the microfabricated culture environment, groups of C2C12 cells (mouse myoblast cell line) were autonomously aligned in a counter-clockwise spiral pattern, and isolated C2C12 cells showed unidirectional spiral pattern of the actin skeleton. This biased directionality suggested that these cells have inherent cell chirality. In addition to these cells, we recently found that melanophores of zebrafish also have an intrinsic cellular chirality that was shown by their counter-clockwise self-rotation. Although this cell chirality is obvious, the function of the cell chirality is still unclear. In this review, we compare the cell chirality of melanophores of zebrafish with other cell chirality and consider the function of cell chirality in morphogenesis.

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Sato, Sota, Asami Yoshii, Satsuki Takahashi, Seiichi Furumi, Masayuki Takeuchi, and Hiroyuki Isobe. "Chiral intertwined spirals and magnetic transition dipole moments dictated by cylinder helicity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 50 (November 27, 2017): 13097–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717524114.

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Abstract:

The presence of anomalous chirality in a roll of graphitic carbon sheets has been recognized since the discovery of carbon nanotubes, which are becoming available in higher quantities through the isolation of chiral single-wall congeners with high purity. Exploration of the properties arising from cylinder chirality is expected to expand the scope of tubular entities in the future. By studying molecular fragments of helical carbon nanotubes, we herein reveal interesting properties that arise from this chirality. The chirality of nanoscale cylinders resulted in chirality of larger dimensions in the form of a double-helix assembly. Cylinder chirality in solution gave rise to a large dissymmetry factor of metal-free entities in circular polarized luminescence. Theoretical investigations revealed the pivotal role of cylindrical shapes in enhancing magnetic dipole transition moments to yield extreme rotatory strength. Unique effects of cylinder chirality in this study may prompt the development of tubular entities, for instance, toward chiroptical applications.

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Lipiński, Piotr, Jan Dobrowolski, and Anna Baraniak. "Quantitative chirality in the binding of androgens to their receptor." Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research 79, no. 6 (March 3, 2023): 827–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32383/appdr/161082.

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Abstract:

Chirality is a binary yes/no molecular property that nevertheless can be described by a continuous chirality measure function. Chirality measure values can be understood as sensitive descriptors of molecular shape. In this study, we evaluated the role of quantitative chirality (measures) in binding of androgens to their receptor. We demonstrate that a simple Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship equation correlating the binding affinity with the partial charges of pharmacophoric oxygen atoms is significantly improved upon introducing quantitative chirality descriptors as additional variables. In such models, the charge descriptors account for the strength of the formed hydrogen bonds. However, the picture is completed by the chirality measures that indirectly contain information on the geometries of the hydrogen bond networks and subtle differences in the van der Waals contacts connected with different local or global shapes of the molecules. The model case studied here (11 simple and very similar steroids) proves that both global and local chirality is important in the androgen binding to their receptors.

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