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Academic literature on the topic 'Chinese Square'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Chinese Square"

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Pushkarskaya, Natalya V. "The Luoshu Magic Square as Evidence of the Rational and Mathematical Orientation of the Chinese Style of Thinking." Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 62, no. 6 (September 29, 2019): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30727/0235-1188-2019-62-6-151-159.

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This article considers the meaning of the ancient Chinese magic square Luoshu. It is known that this square is the most ancient of this type of squares. The importance of the magic square in the philosophical tradition and in the whole culture of China is large. The ancient understanding of number differs from the modern one by its dual character, combining the features of philosophical symbolism and mathematical constructions. Unfortunately, modern interpretations of the Luoshu as well as other numerical constructions preserved by the Chinese tradition are too often limited to a superficial statement of their symbolic, “numerological” nature, ignoring the effects of the mathematical structure represented by them. At the same time, some scholars strongly emphasize the intuitive aspects of numerology, which do not presuppose accuracy. On the contrary, Leibniz saw in the Chinese binary system of thinking the beginning of an exact universal language. The author, appealing to the concept of A.A. Krushinskiy, analyzes the arithmetic laws of the structure of the square. The article shows that the magic square Luoshu is not a numbers game. Without any doubt, its main meaning lies in the application of arithmetic. Chinese magic square is an illustrative implementation of one of the main features of Chinese language and traditional thinking – its rational and mathematical basis. The Luoshu square is a vivid example of visual constructivism in the Chinese style of thinking. By means of the magic square’s scheme, the procedure of generalization that is a basis of concepts formation is carried out. This procedure uses a mathematical magic square algorithm based on the numerical codes of the five elements. The quinary spontaneous symbolism is rooted in the Chinese traditional culture of thinking and life order.
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ZHANG, JUNHUAN, and JUN WANG. "FRACTAL DETRENDED FLUCTUATION ANALYSIS OF CHINESE ENERGY MARKETS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 20, no. 11 (November 2010): 3753–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127410028082.

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In this paper, we analyze and compare long-range power-law correlations of returns, absolute returns, squared returns, cubed returns and square waved returns for sixteen individual stocks from the block of energy sources of Chinese stock market and five stock indices (Shanghai Composite Index, Shenzhen Component Index, Dow Jones Industrial Average index, Nasdaq Composite Index, the Standard and Poor's 500 Index) by using a detrended fluctuation analysis approach. The empirical evidence suggests that Shanghai Composite Index is very close to Shenzhen Component Index and Nasdaq, DJIA is very close to S&P 500 in all cases. And the exponent trends of the returns are close to that of square waved returns. Also, five indices deviate from other sixteen individual energy stocks in all cases except square waved returns. Further, there are long-range correlations and persistence in volatility series of absolute returns and squared returns. Moreover, we investigate the long-term memory of these returns by applying Lo's modified rescaled range statistic. We find that the China energy market exhibits fractal and persistence properties.
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Meng, Kun, Junqiang Qiu, Yan Xu, Hong Wang, Zhuoying Liang, and Yiheng Liang. "Energy Expenditure Characteristics Of Chinese Square Dance." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 54, no. 9S (September 2022): 492–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000881276.81459.50.

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Zhang, Qi, and Ge Min. "Square dancing." Chinese Language and Discourse 10, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cld.18011.zha.

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Abstract Square dancing, guangchangwu in Chinese, is a kind of physical activity practiced in flat public spaces for fitness and entertainment. Despite its popularity all over China, there have been news reports on conflicts caused by it, such as noise pollution or use of a public square. This study collects 150 news articles published between May 2016 and May 2018 containing the keyword guangchangwu from the People’s Daily, one of the most influential official newspapers owned by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. The purpose of the study is to investigate the government’s attitudes towards square dancing through an analysis of the official media discourse, using word frequency of occurrence and multimodal discourse analysis. Both the word count and the co-deployment of visual and linguistic resources indicate that square dancing is perceived as an integral part of promoting the national fitness agenda. While the discourse demonstrates awareness of square dancing in the context of an aging society and a shortage of public space, general approval for it is still quite evident in the frequent positive descriptions in the text and presentations in the images. The use of the word dama ‘big mama’ in the official media discourse reveals gender inequality in contemporary China.
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Comber, Leon. "The Chinese book world before and after Tiananmen Square." Logos 1, no. 3 (1990): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2959/logo.1990.1.3.34.

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Ralston, David A., David J. Gustafson, Robert H. Terpstra, and David H. Holt. "Pre-post Tiananmen square: Changing values of Chinese managers." Asia Pacific Journal of Management 12, no. 1 (April 1995): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01733968.

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Sotomura, Ataru. "The Square Pond in Chinese Garden History - An Approach through Zhu Xi's Small Square Pond." Nippon Teien Gakkaishi 2011, no. 25 (2011): 25_1–25_15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5982/jgarden.2011.25_1.

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Lei, Y. "Evaluation of three methods for estimating the Weibull distribution parameters of Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis )." Journal of Forest Science 54, No. 12 (December 15, 2008): 566–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/68/2008-jfs.

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Weibull distribution was used to fit tree diameter data collected from 86 sample plots located in Chinese pine stand in Beijing. To estimate the Weibull distribution parameters, three methods [namely maximum likelihood estimation method (MLE), method of moment (MOM) and least-squares regression method (LSM)] were compared and evaluated on the basis of the mean square error (MSE) and sample size. For these sample plots, the moment method was superior for estimating the parameters of Weibull distribution for tree diameter distribution.
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Peng, Ng Foong, and Ian A. S. Ng. "Old Market Square as a Container of Diasporic Meaning in Chinese Kuala Lumpur." Millennial Asia 9, no. 1 (April 2018): 66–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0976399617753754.

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Urban growth in the twentieth century engulfed many cultural enclaves and led to threatened histories, communities and cultural practices of places. One such spatial context within the urban space of cities is the diasporic space of the Chinese, often named Chinatown. Petaling Street has been commonly perceived as the microcosm of the Chinese diaspora in Kuala Lumpur with Yap Ah Loy the figure who catalyzed its urban growth that resulted in the fabrication of a sense of belonging and a sense of home for the Chinese diaspora. This paper argues that while discourses on the Chinese diaspora have been centred on the street as a diasporic space it is Market Square (Medan Pasar), the foci of Chinese diasporic development during the historical period of Yap Ah Loy, that offers a more critical perspective. It first examines how the Chinese diaspora constructed the street and the square in Old Kuala Lumpur, and looks at the question, ‘In what sense do they still own them?’ By focusing the discourse on the context of the square in more detail, through historical narrative and spatial analysis, it then highlights the fact that the discourse extends beyond the street. It contends that urban patterns such as the square act as a critical text for unfolding the varying issues of diasporic space within enclaves that are not only contested but record the erosion of culture.
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Mahdihassan, S. "Venus, the Goddess of Fertility, Numerologically 15 in Babylon and the Origin of the Chinese System of 8 Designs, Called Pa-Kua." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 15, no. 03n04 (January 1987): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x87000126.

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In Babylonia, numerology was invented and Venus, as the goddness of fertility, was first depicted as a 6-comered star. But, as numerologically she was designated 15. As a -comered star, its make-up shows two opposite triangles interpenetrated. This was changed to two squares fused into one where geometrically the shape became a square. It created 9 cells which were so numbered that the numbers counted in any row gave the sum 15. Venus thus became a Magic Square of 15. Geometrically it was a Magic Square, but numerologically it was 15. In the make-up the squares were two and opposites. As goddness of fertility she especially helped the pregnant to an easy delivery. Some 8 variants of the Magic Square, with different arrangements of numbers, represented 4 cosmic elements and 4 cosmic qualities. The Magic Squares, which represented elements, had the numbers 1, 3, 5 and 8 near one another forming a miniature square by themseleves. A Magic Square representing a quality did not have the numbers 1, 3, 5 and 8, as a consolidated unit. This explains the importance of the numbers 1, 3, 5 and 8, a mystery which had remained unsolved. Venus was also the star of copper. When copper technology migrated from Babylon to China, the occult science associated with Venus also rached China. Here the 8 Magic Squares were translated into a system of whole and broken lines, called Pa-Kua, meaning 8 designs. An illustratio is offered showing that, given 3 lines are whole and 3 as broken and these combined with each other, the total result of combinations amounts only to 8. Figuure 10 is then best integrated with the help of Figure 7. Now each Magic Square and each Kua was a "living being" and thereby a source of blessing others. A candidate of longevity wears a robe decorated with Pa-Kua, the 8 designs which further carry at the center the symbol of Yang-Yin, the source of all existence, including those of the 8 kuas themselves. Such a robe of a Taoist priest has also been offered. Incidentially it may be mentioned that the interested reader may consult a previous article on Indian and Chinese cosmic elements (1979).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chinese Square"

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Zhu, Ning Sheng. "The assimilation and adjustment of Chinese scholars in Canada after the 1989 Tiananmen Square incident." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/NQ31084.pdf.

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Xu, Qin. "The challenge of place identity in the making and experience of new Chinese urban square." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20173/.

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This research investigates the evolution and identity of Chinese urban square, and how people use and perceive the urban squares in Chongqing. It aims to fill the potential gaps of the theoretical understanding of place identity in Chinese academic field, through an exploration of existing western literature regarding the place-related identity. The physical environment, social interaction and personal experience are identified as essential aspects that contribute greatly to the formation of place identity. A mix method approach is adopted to examine the relevance of theses theoretical findings with Chinese context in order to develop recommendations for future urban square design with an emphasis on improving its place identity. The historic review of the urban development of Chinese cities recognizes the impact of traditional legacy on the current understanding and space making strategies of urban squares. It is suggested that the representational design approach of urban squares that has largely focused on the physical environment is not only derived from ancient city making rules, but also associated with the political and economic incentives nowadays. Upon the awareness of the social values of urban square in terms of delivering a sense of identity, three case studies of three urban squares in Chongqing are conducted to examine how people use and perceive the urban square in their everyday life. The findings of case study confirm that ‘place’ is essentially a social product that acquires its meaning largely from human interpretation and experience. Despite the discontinuity between the contemporary urban square and traditional Chinese urban form, the emerging public activities are found to contribute significantly to the establishment of place identity by creating a bond of experience that incorporates both cultural and physical impacts. The research also demonstrates that the production of urban square in Chinese city cannot be regarded as merely technical issue dealing with physical dimension, rather, the social interaction that entails could shape the people-place relationship and the identity of it. The institutional changes and innovations in design strategy, as well the public engagement is recommended for future development of Chinese urban square that aims to deliver a sense of place identity.
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Sun, Jie. "1989 Chinese Pro-democracy Movement and U.S. News Media." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4583.

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This thesis explores three aspects of the relationship between U.S. news media and the Chinese pro-democracy movement in 1989. These three aspects are: How much attention did u.s. newspapers give to the Chinese pro-democracy movement in 1989? How did u.s. newspapers portray the power struggle in the Chinese government during the time when the Chinese pro-democracy movement took place? Has there been any change in the image of China during and after the Chinese pro-democracy movement in 1989? Research data are drawn from the following three U.S. newspapers: The New York Times, Washington Post, and Los Angeles Times. Content analysis is adopted as the research method in this study. This research method is carried out in three parts targeting the three research questions mentioned above. The first part shows the total front-page space and number of news stories in the three u.s. newspapers. The front-page space and number of news stories in each newspaper is utilized to measure the degree of attention that each newspaper gave to the Chinese pro-democracy movement in 1989. The second part illustrates the power struggle in the Chinese government. Top Chinese officials are presented as either losing or gaining power based on the treatment they received from the three u.s. newspapers. The third part demonstrates the change in the image of China during and after the Chinese pro-democracy movement in 1989. Both positive and negative changes in the image of China are determined by the use of ideological and non-ideological symbolic representations of China in news stories. Research findings on the first research question show that both front-page space and number of news stories related to events in China increased dramatically in all three u.s. newspapers. Research findings on the power struggle in the Chinese government showed that, in general, all three u.s. newspapers viewed the three top Chinese officials as losing power before military troops were used to control the situation in Beijing on June 4, 1989. Finally, research findings showed a negative change in the image of China during and the Chinese pro-democracy movement, especially after the Chinese government regained control of Tiananmen Square by using military force on June 4, 1989. Implications for future research in mass communication are discussed and, finally, the thesis concludes with suggestions for further research in mass media and communication.
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Bardo, Nicholas William. "Harmony or Hegemony? Chinese Citizen Perceptions of the Tiananmen Square Demonstrations of 1989, Taiwan Independence, and Tibetan Soveireignty." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1395156398.

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HAN, XIAOFEI. "Contemporary Squares of China--Nanjing Case Study." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2645266.

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In urban history books about Chinese cities, all the vivid descriptions of traditional urban life convey one message--as an important part of the city today, square seems to be absence in China’s past. Square was imported to China along with the establishment of concessions. When foreigners (Russian/German/Italian/, etc.) introduce square toChina along with constructing their concessions, they would never image that Chinese square will become something highly peculiar and unusual in many ways after 100 years. However, the form and function of Chinese square appear quite similar with European square in the very beginning, so what forms the peculiar characters of Chinese today? The answer to this question may start from China’s failure of ‘the first Sino-Japanese war, since then The foundation of Chinese ideology and philosophy--Confucianism was doubted and questioned. Meanwhile, Social Darwinism was influential and prevailed nationwide. the direct influence of these 2 transformations are western culture was considered as higher potential culture. This idea leading to the disappear of traditional public spaces like streets and appear of western public spaces like squares or parks. With the purpose to reform the public life and remake the public space, there are 3 stages for square design in China.All these ideological transformations and urban reform have 3 points influence square design of China, the first is the disappear of China's traditional street culture, the second is the residue of collectivism since Mao's era, the third is the influence of the Soviet Union and Beaux-Arts system. In this context, there are similar and peculiar characters in both form and function. In this study, Nanjing was selected as studying subject. Nanjing was the capital of China on many occasions. The name Nanjing literally means ‘the southern capital’ and its counterpart is Beijing—means ‘the northern capital’. Among them, the urban design of Ming Empire and Republic China contributes greatly to influence the urban structure of Nanjing today. All the five cases selected for study have close relationship with traces of republic china, 3 of them have relationship with remains of Ming Empire.
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Liao, Mei. "The Role of the Chinese News Media in the 1989 Pro-democracy Movement." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4378.

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This thesis examines the role of the Chinese news media in the 1989 pro-democracy movement. The three functions of this thesis are: 1) to provide evidence of changes in the pro-democracy movement; 2) to identify corresponding changes in the press coverage of the movement; 3) to examine what relationship exists between changes in the movement and changes in the press coverage of the movement.
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Zhao, Dingxin. "Reform and discontent : the causes of the 1989 Chinese student movement." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28972.

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The central argument of this thesis is that a series of China's state policies, before and during the reform era, were conducive to the rise of the 1989 Chinese Student Movement (CSM). The most important of these were (1) leftist policies during Mao's era which fostered the formation of pro-democratic yet impractical intellectuals and created a university ecology that was remarkably conducive to student movements, and (2) the state-led reform which over produced students on the one hand, and blocked upward mobility channels for intellectuals and students on the other hand. These and other conducive factors to the rise of the 1989 CSM were not simply state mistakes. To a large extent, they were characteristic of the regime.
The thesis does not reject non-state centered factors such as anomic feelings toward uncertainties brought by the reform, the conflict between reformers and hardliners within the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the rise of civil society during the eighties, the impact of Western ideologies following the open door policy or the intrinsic character of Chinese culture, that have all been hitherto proposed to explain the rise of the CSM. Rather, it incorporates these explanations under a state-centered paradigm in light of a general model (the DSSI model) that I am proposing to explain the general causes, and to a lesser extent, the dynamics of large scale social movements.
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Kuo, Yi. "Chinatown Square and the Convention Center, Chicago, Il. : a balanced design approach between outdoor spaces and indoor spaces in public buildings, a scheme for a convention center in Chinatown, Chicago, Il." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845982.

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This creative project for the Master of Architecture degree focuses on the building design and landscape design of a urban development, in particular on the mixed cultural basis of deteriorating inner city neighborhoods in the U.S. A.I have lived in America for over two years. During this time, I acquired substantial knowledge on environments and architecture from traveling and studying. Then, I found the characteristics of a mixed culture in this country. We all know that the Chinese people are an important group in America, and they work hard to establish and contribute to the American culture, economy, and environment, now and forever. Although Chinese Americans do not comprise a large portion of the U.S. population, the Chinese patterns of architecture have had some impact on American culture as a whole. However, Chinatown has become a major element in the fabric of many cities in the U.S.A., like Chicago, San Francisco, New York and Washington D.C. For this reason, I chose to explore the design of a new environment for Chinese immigrants in the U.S.A.The topics of this thesis work are the design of the convention center and the planning of Chinatown Square Project. I tried to apply concepts from the Chinese culture, my experience, and professional education in Taiwan, the Republic of China and America. Therefore, the site plan of Chinatown Square Project was designed according to the Chinese Courtyard System. The tower shape of the hotel of the convention center is the transition of the Pagoda. Moreover, the idea of the curved roof comes from the Chinese bowl and tile. Finally, I merged a western feel, and an eastern spirit in the whole design process.I dedicate this thesis to the community of Chinatown in Chicago and America.
Department of Architecture
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Wu, MeiMei. "Investigating the adoption of banking services delivered over remote channels : the case of Chinese Internet banking customers." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9387.

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Customers adoption of Internet banking has become a widely-researched topic, although it is fair to state that some research gaps still exist. This research aims to fill some of the research gaps by examining the factors that determine the relevant behaviour of three different categories of Internet banking customers in China (i.e. current users, non-users, and discontinued users), and by developing two conceptual models that are derived from different, but complementary, theoretical approaches. The Decision Making Model and the Service and Relationship Evaluation Model are developed in this research. The Decision Making Model is grounded in the technology acceptance model (TAM) and it incorporates an additional construct of perceived value of using Internet banking. Additionally, the Service and Relationship Evaluation Model is derived from the service quality evaluation and relationship quality evaluation literature. Unlike in most other Internet banking adoption studies, these two conceptual models are used complementarily to deliver a comprehensive understanding of customers Internet banking adoption in China. The models are tested using a sample of 614 Chinese Internet banking customers collected via mall-intercept personal interviews based on questionnaires. Partial Least Square (PLS) path modelling and mediation analysis are applied to test the hypotheses advanced in the two models. The key findings of this research show that perceived value is a major factor for explaining customers Internet banking adoption, thus indicating to the banks that they should reduce costs associated with using Internet banking while providing more (perceived) benefits to customers; the importance of incorporating perceived value in Internet banking adoption model(s) is also demonstrated. The findings also confirm that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are important factors that determine the adoption of Internet banking by all categories of customers. Current users and non-users perceptions of their behavioural control over using Internet banking contribute to their adoption of Internet banking, and such control perceptions are shaped by self-efficacy, perceived government support and technological support. Additionally, it is demonstrated that both current users and discontinued users perceived value and perceived service quality of Internet banking have positive associations with their satisfaction with Internet banking, which lead to their Internet banking adoption. Moreover, the findings reveal that current users are more likely to continue with Internet banking if they are affectively committed to their banks; they are less likely to continue with Internet banking if they are calculatively committed to their banks due to the costs associated with leaving the banks. These therefore indicate the importance of establishing high-quality customer-bank relationships and placing less strict switching cost barriers that impose less pressure on their existing customers. This research contributes to the Internet banking adoption literature by (i) identifying the important category of Internet banking discontinued users, apart from current users and non-users; and (ii) using two complementary conceptual models, which are grounded in different theoretical streams, to investigate the relevant adoption behaviour of all three categories of Internet banking customers. It hence delivers a comprehensive understanding of personal customers adoption of Internet banking in China.
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Faria, Priscila Neves. "Avaliação de métodos para determinação do número ótimo de clusters em estudo de divergência genética entre acessos de pimenta." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4018.

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Many times, the interpretation of the results in cluster analysis is done subjectively, that is, through inspection on dendograms, since there are no objective criteria to identify the formed clusters. In face of such a problem, the present study aimed to: (1) find out an objective way to achieve the cut-point (optimal number of clusters) in a dendogram in order to help on taking the right decision; (2) work out index concepts such as Root Mean Square Standard Deviation (RMSSTD) and R Squared (RS), explaining the contribution of each one of them in determining the optimal number of cluster; (3) method application, aiming to identify divergent accessions that will be used on improvement programs. An alternative solution for this problem is to use the RMSSTD and RS which are calculated according to the number of variables among and within the clusters formed, characterizing an objective way to determine the optimal number. Another solution is achieved by using the RS. Some morphological characteristics of the forty nine accessions of the species Capsicum chinense Jacq. from the Germplasm Bank of Vegetables of the Federal University of Viçosa (Banco de Germoplasma de Hortaliças da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil) were analyzed by means of cluster analysis. The accessions were clustered based on the proposed techniques and an optimal number of clusters was achieved. The 49 accessions analyzed were classified into only seven clusters according to the graph of the RMSSTD versus the number of clusters and the graph of the RS versus the number of clusters.
Muitas vezes, a interpretação dos resultados em análise de agrupamentos é feita de forma subjetiva, isto é, através da inspeção de dendrogramas. Isto se deve ao fato de haver dificuldade em se encontrar na literatura um critério objetivo de fácil aplicação para identificar o número ideal de grupos formados. Diante deste problema, o presente trabalho teve por objetivos: 1) Avaliar a aplicabilidade de critério objetivo de se obter o ponto de corte (número ótimo de clusters) num dendrograma para a tomada de decisão; 2) trabalhar os conceitos de índices como RMSSTD (root mean square standard deviation) e RS (R-Squared), discutindo a contribuição de cada um destes na obtenção do número ótimo de clusters em acessos de Capsicum chinense; 3) aplicação do método, visando a identificar acessos divergentes de Capsicum chinense para serem utilizados em programas de melhoramento. Os índices RMSSTD e RS são calculados de acordo com as variáveis entre e dentro dos grupos formados, caracterizando uma forma objetiva para determinar o número ótimo. Para se obter o ponto de máxima curvatura da trajetória dos índices RMSSTD e RS em função do aumento do número de grupos (X), utilizou-se o Método da Máxima Curvatura Modificado. Foram analisadas, por meio da análise de agrupamentos, algumas características morfológicas de quarenta e nove acessos da espécie Capsicum chinense Jacq. do Banco de Germoplasma de Hortaliças da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. A partir das técnicas propostas agrupou-se os acessos, obtendo um número ótimo de grupos. Os resultados classificam os 49 acessos avaliados em apenas sete grupos de acordo com o gráfico do RMSSTD versus o número de grupos e o gráfico do RS versus o número de grupos.
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Books on the topic "Chinese Square"

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Held, Peter, 1951 October 14-, Arizona State University. University Art Museum, and Calvin Charles Gallery, eds. Xiaoping Luo: Time Square. Tempe, Ariz.]: [Arizona State University Art Museum], 2003.

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Li, Gao, and James Henry 1843-1916, eds. Huashengdun guang chang: Washington Square. Beijing Shi: Wai yu jiao xue yu yan jiu chu ban she, 2003.

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Jürgen, Domes, and Institute for Foreign Policy Analysis., eds. After Tiananmen Square: Challenges for the Chinese-American relationship. Washington: Brassey's (US), 1990.

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V, Des Forges Roger, Luo Ning 1955-, and Wu Yen-bo 1957-, eds. Chinese democracy and the crisis of 1989: Chinese and American reflections. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1993.

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Han, Theodore. Tiananmen Square, spring 1989: A chronology of the Chinese democracy movement. Berkeley, Calif: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, Center for Chinese Studies, 1992.

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Legacies: A Chinese mosaic. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1991.

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Lord, Bette. Legacies: A Chinese mosaic. Boston, Mass: G.K. Hall, 1991.

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Duke, Michael S. The iron house: A memoir of the Chinese democracy movement and the Tiananmen massacre. Laton, Utah: Peregrine Smith Books, 1990.

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author, Mi Li 1980, ed. Xuan xiao de ge ti yu jing mo de da zhong: Guang chang wu zhong de dang dai Zhongguo she hui sheng tai kao cha. Beijing: Zhongguo she hui ke xue chu ban she, 2015.

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Tiananmen fictions outside the square: The Chinese literary diaspora and the politics of global culture. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chinese Square"

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Fu, Chonglan, and Wenming Cao. "Chinese Traditional Squares: The Most Longevous Square Systems." In An Urban History of China, 157–222. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8211-6_11.

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Xue, Linping, Xi Pan, Xin Wang, and Honghong Zhou. "Round and Square Buildings and Five-Phoenix Mansions, Ancient Villages in Southwestern Fujian Province." In Traditional Chinese Villages, 73–111. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6154-6_4.

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Du, Wenxia, Xiuping Zhao, Feng Lv, and Hailian Du. "The Transformer Fault Diagnosis Based on AdaBoost Least Square Support Vector Machine." In Proceedings of 2016 Chinese Intelligent Systems Conference, 553–61. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2338-5_51.

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Mo, Li-Ping, Kai-Qing Zhou, Liang-Bin Cao, and Wei Jiang. "Classification of the Structure of Square Hmong Characters and Analysis of Its Statistical Properties." In Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, 154–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99501-4_13.

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Wu, Tong, Weicun Zhang, and Weidong Li. "The Active Disturbance Rejection Control with a Square-Root Amplifier for Non-minimum Phase System." In Proceedings of 2016 Chinese Intelligent Systems Conference, 175–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2335-4_17.

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Xia, Taiwu, and Bang Zhou. "Recognition of Handwritten Chinese Character Based on Least Square Support Vector Machine." In Advances in Computer Science, Intelligent System and Environment, 219–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23753-9_36.

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Liu, Yifa, and Long Cheng. "Sampled-Data Based Mean Square Bipartite Consensus of Double-Integrator Multi-Agent Systems with Measurement Noises." In Proceedings of 2018 Chinese Intelligent Systems Conference, 339–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2288-4_34.

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Chen, Jianqi, Tian Qi, and Jie Chen. "Mean-Square Stabilizability of Low-Order Systems Against Correlated Stochastic Multiplicative Uncertainties." In Proceedings of 2021 5th Chinese Conference on Swarm Intelligence and Cooperative Control, 1063–74. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3998-3_102.

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Martzloff, Jean-Claude. "Magic Squares and Puzzles." In A History of Chinese Mathematics, 363–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33783-6_20.

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Fu, Chonglan, and Wenming Cao. "A Cultural Comparison Between Chinese and Western Squares." In An Urban History of China, 273–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8211-6_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chinese Square"

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Wang, Wanli, Shiyuan Wang, Guobing Qian, and Bo Yang. "Kernel least mean square with tracking." In 2017 36th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/chicc.2017.8028160.

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Guanghua, Hu, and Fu Guanghui. "Kernel-based Nonlinear Fit with Total Least Square(TLS) Method." In 2007 Chinese Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2006.4347197.

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Huang, Jie, Ying Zhang, Xin Yang, and Zhihong Luo. "Transfer Function Model Identification Based on Improved Least Square Method." In 2020 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac51589.2020.9327337.

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Yang, Hong, Liangjie Li, Mian Zhang, Yanni Shi, Zhile Wei, and Yingsong Jiang. "Mean square stabilization for stochastic switched fuzzy systems." In 2016 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2016.7531353.

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Xu, Juanjuan, and Huanshui Zhang. "Mean-square stabilization for stochastic systems with multiple delays." In 2014 33rd Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2014.6895865.

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Wenhu, Tang, Shintemirov Almas, and Q. H. Wu. "Transformer Dissolved Gas Analysis Using Least Square Support Vector Machine and Bootstrap." In 2007 Chinese Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2006.4347139.

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Xiuhong, Wang, and Liu Mengliang. "Robust Quadratic Optimal Control for Uncertain Linear Systems with Square-integral Perturbation." In 2007 Chinese Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2006.4347431.

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Chen, Wei, Xu Qiao, Boqiang Liu, Xianying Qi, Rui Wang, and Xiaoya Wang. "Automatic brain tumor segmentation based on features of separated local square." In 2017 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac.2017.8243946.

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Bao, Yunong, Donghao Pan, Xin Wang, Laimin Liao, and Qinmin Yang. "Least-square B-spline approximation based wind turbine power curve modeling." In 2017 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac.2017.8243986.

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Xu, Juanjuan, and Huanshui Zhang. "Exponential Mean Square Stabilization for Itô Stochastic Systems with Input Delay." In 2019 Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/chicc.2019.8865983.

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