Academic literature on the topic 'Chinese Maritime Customs Service'

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Journal articles on the topic "Chinese Maritime Customs Service"

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VAN DE VEN, HANS. "Robert Hart and the Chinese Maritime Customs Service." Modern Asian Studies 40, no. 3 (July 2006): 545–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x0600206x.

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In September 2003, academics from China, Europe and the USA gathered at Queen's University Belfast. They came first to attend an exhibition and then to present and discuss papers on the career in China of Robert Hart. Largely forgotten in Britain and even Northern Ireland, although not in the academic field of Chinese Studies, Robert Hart was born in County Armagh and studied at Queen's before travelling to Hong Kong in 1854 as a young recruit to the British Consular Service for China and Japan. He soon found himself despatched to the British consulate at Ningbo to study consular procedures and learn Chinese with the aid of a Chinese tutor and one of the Confucian classics, the Mencius. At this time, much of south China was engulfed by the Taiping Rebellion, which was inspired by Christianity.
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Bickers, Robert. "Revisiting the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, 1854–1950." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 36, no. 2 (June 2008): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03086530802180676.

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BICKERS, ROBERT. "Purloined letters: History and the Chinese Maritime Customs Service." Modern Asian Studies 40, no. 3 (July 2006): 691–723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x06002083.

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For John King Fairbank the establishment of the foreign inspectorate of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service was a key symbolic moment in modern Chinese history. His landmark 1953 volume Trade and Diplomacy on the China Coast culminates with the 1854 Inspectorate agreement, which, he argued, ‘foreshadowed the eventual compromise between China and the West—a joint Chinese and Western administration of the modern centers of Chinese life and trade in the treaty ports’. Without the CMCS, he implied, there could be no modern China. It was the ‘the institution most thoroughly representative of the whole period’ after the opening of the treaty ports down to 1943, he wrote. By 1986 he was arguing that it was the ‘central core’ of the system. ‘Modernity, however defined, was a Western, not a Chinese, invention’, he claimed, and Sir Robert Hart's Customs Service was its mediator.
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Chang, Chihyun. "The Chinese Maritime Customs Service: A Chinese, Western, or Global Agency?" China Review International 23, no. 3 (2016): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cri.2016.0117.

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WHITE, BENJAMIN GEOFFREY. "‘A Question of Principle with Political Implications’ – Investigating Collaboration in the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, 1945–1946." Modern Asian Studies 44, no. 3 (May 12, 2009): 517–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x09003941.

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AbstractIn the winter of 1945, the multinational Chinese Maritime Customs Service opened an inquiry into the cooperation of hundreds of its own employees with Japanese occupation forces in China. This was, as far as the historical record allows us to say, the most thorough investigation undertaken in China into collaboration during World War Two. This paper represents the first historical analysis of the Customs ‘Staff Investigation Committee.’ It argues that the investigation represented a new direction for the Customs Service in China. The investigation's underpinning rationale was that Customs staff, Chinese and foreign, served the Kuomintang government before any other notion of Chinese or Service interests—a dramatic change in direction for an organisation that had been emblematic of treaty-port China. The investigation thus offers historians an insight into the understudied final years of the Customs Service, into the late Republican government's efforts to deal with the legacy of imperialism, and into the extent and rationale of collaboration in Nationalist China.
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van de Ven, Hans. "China's Maritime Customs and China's Trade Statistics, 1859–1948. By Thomas P. Lyons. [Trumansburg, NY: Willow Creek Press, 2003. 171 pp. $34.95. ISBN 0-97291475-7.]." China Quarterly 178 (June 2004): 526–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741004330298.

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Any historian with a serious interest in China's modern economic history will be grateful for Thomas Lyons's study of the trade statistics produced by the Chinese Maritime Customs Service. Those wishing to use the Customs' statistics will find it indispensable. By means of a detailed demonstration of how to reconstruct statistics for the Fujian tea trade between 1862 and 1948, Lyons shows all the pitfalls and dangers of using Customs data, and how to deal with them.Lyons, who has published on Fujian's and China's economic history in the past, constructs his study as a test of the tea trade statistics used by Robert Gardella and Chen Ciyu. He convincingly demonstrates that both made errors, which in the case of Gardella were of relatively minor consequence but in that of Chen of a much more serious nature. But his study is not a pedantic exercise in cliometric propriety. Rather, Lyons provides us with a sourcebook to the statistical publications of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service. He sets out in brief form the Service's organizational history and its bureaucratic structures. He then explains the Maritime Customs Service's accounts, the statistics it produced, and their dangers. He finally applies the lessons learned to a reconstruction of the Fujian tea trade.
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BICKERS, ROBERT. "INFRASTRUCTURAL GLOBALIZATION: LIGHTING THE CHINA COAST, 1860s–1930s." Historical Journal 56, no. 2 (May 3, 2013): 431–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x13000010.

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ABSTRACTThis article calls for attention to be paid to the infrastructures that underpinned nineteenth-century globalization, and the use of better-known technological developments and global patterns of professional migration. It does so by outlining the work of the Marine Department of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service after 1868, focusing on its development of a network of lighthouses along the coast of China in its political and comparative contexts. These lights were at once local sites and nodes within a developing national and global system, and evolving practices around circulation of data and best practice, accepted international standards, technology transfer, and maritime safety. The Customs Service was a Chinese government agency, albeit within the British orbit of influence, but acted as a buffer between China and foreign interests and pressures.
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Harris, Lane J. "Britain’s Imperial Cornerstone in China: The Chinese Maritime Customs Service, 1854–1949 (review)." China Review International 13, no. 2 (2007): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cri.2008.0000.

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Vynckier, Henk, and Chihyun Chang. "Imperium in Imperio: Robert Hart, the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, and Its (Self-)Representations." Biography 37, no. 1 (2014): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2014.0000.

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O'LEARY, RICHARD. "Robert Hart in China: The Significance of his Irish Roots." Modern Asian Studies 40, no. 3 (July 2006): 583–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x06002046.

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As Inspector General of the Maritime Customs Service, Robert Hart (1835–1911), born in County Armagh in Ireland, was a chief fiscal administrator of the Chinese Empire. Hart was a British citizen, yet he was employed by the Chinese government and was responsible for hundreds of Western (mostly British) and thousands of Chinese employees. His ability to straddle cultures has been noted by the historians Bruner, Fairbank and Smith who refer to a trait of cultural sensitivity that was unusual among the merchants of the treaty ports in China. The source of this cultural sensitivity is of interest and some insights can be gleaned from his Irish origins. The employment under Hart of many persons from Ireland, family and others, in the Chinese Maritime Customs (CMC) has also raised questions about nepotism and favouritism. We will see that Hart did not only favour his family but was generally well disposed to long-standing acquaintances, whether they were Irish or not. Furthermore, his Irish contacts in both Ireland and China were of advantage to him in his career and his attainment of higher social status. Our examination of Hart's network of Irish contacts and his ideas about Ireland also reveal his multi-national identity. This seemed to allow Hart to be both pro-British while also retaining a critical perspective, as might be expected by someone who by place of birth, social class and religion was not from the heart of the English establishment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chinese Maritime Customs Service"

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Ladds, Catherine. "Empire careers : the foreign staff of the Chinese Customs Service, 1854-1949." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/7ead5577-671e-4287-970a-6de7f0453963.

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This thesis studies the lives and careers of the foreign staff of the Chinese Customs Service between 1854 and 1949, exploring the experience of working for the Customs and the Inspectorate's attempts to mould a cadre of men dedicated to the Customs cause. Through exploring the practical and ideological world of the foreign staff this study illuminates more clearly the Customs' shifting place within the history of modem China, the history of Sino-foreign relations, and the history of work and migrations in the wider empire world. A central aim is to highlight the essential ordinariness of life and work in formal and informal empire and the rather prosaic concerns which often provided the incentive to embark upon an empire career. I take a `life cycle' approach to the history of the foreign staff, mapping typical life and career trajectories. Chapter One begins by examining the recruitment experiences and the socio-economic backgrounds of the foreign staff. Chapter Two turns to the everyday working world of the Customs, paying particular attention to the foreign staffs interactions and conflicts with Chinese communities and foreign and Chinese officials at a local level. The extent and character of misconduct and malpractice within the foreign staff is the subject of Chapter Three and Chapter Four explores the social and private lives of foreign employees. Finally, Chapter Five concludes the thesis by examining the endpoint of Customs careers and post-Service destinations and lives. Above all, this thesis aims to shed more light on the personal ramifications of working within a different state's administration. In their position as employees of a foreign-run multinational service subordinate to the controls of the Chinese government, the national and personal identities and allegiances of Customs men were destabilised, and sometimes remade, during the course of a career.
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Bannon, Matthew. "The evolution of the role of Australian customs in maritime surveillance and border protection." Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080916.155511/index.html.

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Brunero, Donna Maree. "Through turbulent waters: foreign administration of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, 1923-1937." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/92534.

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In modern times customs services are the institutions entrusted with monitoring trade through collecting duties on imports and exports, preventing smuggling and patrolling national boundaries. The Chinese Maritime Customs Service of the Republic was imbued with many of these modern ideas. The Service maintained an extensive network of Customs houses both along China's coastline and inland. It maintained harbours and lighthouses and also established a preventive service to counteract smuggling. The comparisons, however, end here. The Chinese Maritime Customs Service was a uniquely cosmopolitan institution that emerged as a product of the Opium Wars and the Unequal Treaties. Headed by successive British Inspectors General, Sir Robert Hart (1863-1911), Sir Francis Aglen (1911-1927) and Sir Frederick Maze (1929-1943), the Service recruited foreigners to administer the Customs establishments. This dissertation examines the fate of the Customs foreign Inspectorate during the 1923-1937 period. By examining episodes such as the Canton Customs controversy of 1923; the Canton-Hong Kong Boycott 1925-1926; the Customs succession crisis; negotiations surrounding the proposed Hong Kong-China Trade and Customs Agreement 1929-30; the seizure of the Tientsin Customs 1930; and the loss of Customs houses in the northeast to Manchukuo authorities in 1923-1933, the themes of resistance and change are brought to the fore. The foreign administration of the Service encountered growing resistance on the part of the Chinese nationalists and it also faced resistance from the British establishment in China who no longer perceived the Service as an ongoing concern. To ensure its survival the Service had to change and in doing so embrace the Nationalist regime. Although during this period the significance of Customs revenue to the Chinese government and. to foreign investors was unsurpassed, the Service itself was undergoing a steady decline as it was pulled deeper into the machinations of China's political sphere without a British anchor for security.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Centre for Asian Studies and the Dept. of History, 2000
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Chen, Ling-chieh, and 陳令杰. "Chinese Maritime Customs Service and the Establishment of Chinese Imperial Post in Late Qing, 1878-1911." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78771758857595777531.

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Li, Shih Ning, and 李仕寧. "L. K. Little and Chinese Maritime Customs(1943-1950)." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80720133772444040386.

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碩士
國立政治大學
歷史學系
104
L. K. Little was the first American Inspector General (I. G.) of Chinese Maritime Customs Service, and the last foreigner I. G. of the service. In addition to Wang Jingwei government-appointed Japanese I. G. Kishimoto Hirokichi, this post was served by the British for the longtime and most of the foreign officers within Customs were also British. I. G.’s nationality changed representing British retreat from China in WWII, and turned on American and Japanese competition in East Asia. Although Japan suffered a devastating defeat in WWII and the United States obtained the full influence in China; but in support of the Soviet Union, the China Communist Party (CCP) will be driven to the Republic of China government to Taiwan, making the United States full advantage in mainland China maintained only for four years, and with the pace of the ROC government to Taiwan; its influence remains to this day. I. G. Little was the best witness of this period and these history were all can browse through his private diaries and letters. The Chinese Maritime Customs in post-war period also facing the biggest change since its founded; though the reconstruction of customs at the post-war and the material support from the United States, which reached its peak in its history; but the old treaty system ceased to exist, the Boxer indemnity paid off and the promotion of Chinese staffs, the synarchy tradition of the service suffered a great challenge. Even foreign staffs professional are no longer indispensable, also I. G. is no longer has full authority in the service, but the presence of foreign staffs still generally considered to be the cornerstone of traditional Chinese customs integrity and high efficiency, even some people still think that keep customs away from China's internal political strife and interference. In other words, the post-war Chinese customs still exist due to foreign staffs, to become one of the symbols of the Chinese government credit by foreign trust. However, when CCP launched the civil war, the war makes China economies collapsed, and stroke the treatment of custom staffs. So that the traditional customs incorruptible proud began cracking, and the treatment of foreign staff also due to the weak economy and the delay in return to pre-war levels. After Little affirmed the government were unable to maintain the treatment of Foreigner staff, He begun to develop the layoff plan for remaining foreign staffs, then followed the government’s footsteps and moved the service to Taiwan. Finally Little retired from the service with foreign staffs, and the synarchy of Chinese maritime customs service also ended.
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張勝勛. "The "Spirit" of Chinese Maritime Customs as Embodied in the Administration under the First Three Inspectors General, 1850s-1927." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27054166832977029798.

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碩士
國立暨南國際大學
歷史學研究所
89
This dissertation aims at studying the underlined “spirit” of The Chinese Maritime Customs. Such a spirit was built up and upheld by the first three leaders (the Inspector Generals). They are Horatio Nelson Lay, Robert Hart, and Francis Aglen. The period under discussion is from the 1850s to 1927. First chapter introduces the issues of loyalty and identity relating to the foreign employees of the Chinese Maritime Customs by analyzing previous scholarships on Horatio Nelson Lay. In the second chapter, it is designed to make an inquiry into the lengthy career of Sir Robert Hart, to show his thought and action in the Customs administration, and to apply my findings to verify the exactness of the view that the Inspector Generals were loyal to Chinese government. The third chapter deals with the changing attitudes of the central and the provincial governments towards their Maritime Customs during the fifty years after the new Customs administration was established. Researches on Aglen have yet been limited, however. Therefore, in the last chapter, basing on the findings that I have obtained in previous ones on Lay and Hart, I reconstruct some biographical information about Francis Aglen, and examine his loyalty toward the Chinese government. As far as revenue was concerned, Chinese government had not paid much attention to customs incomes before the 1850s, even though the financial situation was not sound at that moment. Later on, however, the foreigners-administered Maritime Customs made a good impression to the Chinese government through its efficiency in many aspects. The Inspectors General also had their careers in China in minds, and devoted themselves to work hard for China. All these brought confidence of the Chinese government to the Customs administration. In consequence, the “new” Maritime Customs administration gained more and more trust and supernumerary works from its superiors. These supernumerary works were relating to China’s modernization, in which China’s interests were also at stake. Although the Inspectors General took orders from the Chinese government, they were however executed at their own discretion. As the idea that China had to be modernized grew stronger in the Chinese minds, the Chinese also became more anxious to get those modernization concerns under their own control. The style of behavior and the work ethics embodied in the underlined “spirit” of the new Customs administration was to face serious challenge when nationalism came to prevail during the latter part of the period under discussion.
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Wang, Chin-chang, and 王慶章. "A Study of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction of Customs Clearance to Chinese Passengers via Mini-Three Links in Kinmen." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73093774394690860591.

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碩士
國立金門大學
中國大陸研究所
99
This study aims to investigate the overall conditions of clearance service quality and passengers’ satisfaction as well as the relationship between clearance service quality and passengers’ satisfaction among different population variables. The purpose of this study aims to improve the clearance service quality to satisfy the needs of passengers and to attain a better level of clearance service. This study uses a questionnaire that, when answered by Chinese passengers via mini-three-link, evaluates the level of satisfaction for clearance service quality in Shuitou Harbor, Kinmen. An assessment table called SERVQUAL which is developed by P.Z.B was adopted as questionnaire. This study, with convenience sample, started from March 13th to April 29th. There are total 803 effective questionnaires. Based on results, four factors of service quality were found, including serviceability, empathy, security, and tangibles. Then, independent sample t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and regression analysis were used to examine the hypotheses, demonstrating findings as follow: According to the result of this study, different population variables show obvious differences in the level of satisfaction for clearance service quality. Passengers who are “male”, “21 to 30 years old and 31 to 40 years old”, “married”, “high school graduated”, “working for private companies”, “personal monthly income for Renminbi 1001 to 2000 dollars”, and “living in Fujian Province” are the most. The quality of clearance service has positive effect on the level of satisfaction. Especially, “empathy” has the most influence on the level of satisfaction; on the contrary, “tangibles” has the less influence on it. Therefore, the administration of passengers’ clearance should enhance the service quality based on different population variables and the priority of different factors of service quality to attain a better level of satisfaction for clearance service quality.
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Books on the topic "Chinese Maritime Customs Service"

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Britain's imperial cornerstone in China: The Chinese maritime customs service, 1854-1949. New York, NY: Routledge, 2006.

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Britain's Imperial Cornerstone in China: The Chinese Maritime Customs Service, 1854-1949. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2005.

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Government, imperialism and nationalism in China: The Maritime Customs Service and its Chinese staff. New York: Routledge, 2013.

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Zhongguo jin dai hai guan gao ji zhi yuan nian biao: Chronological table of high-ranked staffs of the Chinese Martime [i.e. Maritime] Customs Service in modern China. Beijing: Zhongguo hai guan chu ban she, 2004.

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US GOVERNMENT. Laws & regulations enforced or administered by the United States Customs Service. [Washington, D.C.]: The Office, 1990.

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US GOVERNMENT. Laws & regulations enforced or administered by the United States Customs Service. [Washington, D.C.?]: The Service, 1990.

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US GOVERNMENT. Laws & regulations enforced or administered by the United States Customs Service. [Washington, D.C.?]: The Service, 1990.

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Chang, Fu-Yun. Reformer of the Chinese Maritime Customs. Berkeley, Calif: University of California, 1987.

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Zhongguo jin dai hai guan mi shi: The secret story of the Chinese maritime customs. Tianjin Shi: Tianjin jiao yu chu ban she, 2014.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. U.S. Customs Service regulations: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, on oversight of the U.S. Customs Service regulations of maritime activities, July 23, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chinese Maritime Customs Service"

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Keller, Wolfgang, Ben Li, and Carol H. Shiue. "The Evolution of Domestic Trade Flows When Foreign Trade Is Liberalized: Evidence from the Chinese Maritime Customs Service." In Institutions and Comparative Economic Development, 152–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137034014_9.

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Davies, Martin, and Jiang Lin. "Changhang Phoenix Co., Ltd. v. Wuhan Tairun Marine Service Co., Ltd. et al." In Chinese Maritime Cases, 121–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63716-6_5.

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Davies, Martin, and Jiang Lin. "Guangxi Jufeng Shipping Co., Ltd. v. Tianjin Xinjie Logistics Service Co., Ltd. et al." In Chinese Maritime Cases, 423–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64029-6_22.

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Davies, Martin, and Jiang Lin. "Shenzhen Xiasha Tourism Service Co., Ltd. v. Shenzhen Dapeng Bay Tourism Development Co., Ltd." In Chinese Maritime Cases, 1275–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64029-6_67.

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Davies, Martin, and Jiang Lin. "Huayu Electrical Appliance Group Co., Ltd. v. JC Logistics Service Co., Ltd. Ningbo Branch." In Chinese Maritime Cases, 469–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63716-6_22.

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Davies, Martin, and Jiang Lin. "AIG Europe Ltd. v. Shanghai Heming Shipping Service Co., Ltd. Tianjin Branch et al." In Chinese Maritime Cases, 1–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63716-6_1.

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Davies, Martin, and Jiang Lin. "Fangchenggang Beibu Gulf Port Service Co., Ltd. v. Xinbao Resources Co., Ltd. et al." In Chinese Maritime Cases, 197–209. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63810-1_8.

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Davies, Martin, and Jiang Lin. "SUMPU INTERNATIONAL LIMITED et al. v. Pacific Container Service (China) Limited Guangzhou Branch et al." In Chinese Maritime Cases, 1333–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64029-6_70.

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Villalta Puig, Stephanie. "Treaty Ports and the Medical Geography of China: Imperial Maritime Customs Service Approaches to Climate and Disease." In Life in Treaty Port China and Japan, 107–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7368-7_5.

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Chang, Chihyun. "Empires and Continuity: The Chinese Maritime Customs Service in East Asia, 1950–1955." In Overcoming Empire In Post-Imperial East Asia. Bloomsbury Academic, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350127081.ch-009.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chinese Maritime Customs Service"

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Chen, Zhaomeng. "A study on international cooperation of Chinese ports under the context of the 21st century maritime silk road." In 2016 International Conference on Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/liss.2016.7854486.

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