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Journal articles on the topic 'Chinese immigrants'
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Li, Wen-Wen, Anita L. Stewart, Nancy A. Stotts, and Erika Sivarajan Froelicher. "Cultural Factors and Medication Compliance in Chinese Immigrants Who Are Taking Antihypertensive Medications: Instrument Development." Journal of Nursing Measurement 13, no. 3 (December 2005): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jnum.13.3.231.
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Chinese immigrants in the United States have a moderate to high prevalence of hypertension, but little is known about antihypertensive medication compliance in Chinese immigrants. This study presents some first-generation measures of antihypertensive medication compliance in a sample of Chinese immigrants. A literature review and two qualitative pilot studies were conducted to generate culturally sensitive instruments. Items were developed to assess cultural factors and medication compliance in Chinese immigrants receiving antihypertensive medications. Cultural factors included measures of cultural health perception of hypertension, health perceptions of Chinese herbs, health perceptions of Western medications, beneficial self-care behaviors, and social support. Four medication compliance scales were developed. The applicability of these scales was tested in a Chinese immigrant population (n = 200). Cronbach’s alpha for the cultural factors scales ranged from .57 to .91. Two of the medication compliance scales had Cronbach’s alphas above .60. Results showed that most of the scales are applicable and acceptable in a Chinese immigrant population and had good reliability. However, further testing with a larger sample in other regions of the country is indicated.
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Wang, Wenbin, and Yang Cao. "Network Diversity and Health Change among International Migrants in China: Evidence from Foreigners in Changchun." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 4, 2022): 16227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316227.
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Objective: Is the migration process likely to lead to sustained changes in individual social networks and health status? There are many controversies about the relationship between migrants’ networks and migrants’ health. An important reason may be that the constraints of specific social contexts on immigrant networks and health consequences are neglected. This study distinguished two types of social networks of international immigrants to China—their Chinese networks (Chinese-Net) and home-country networks (Motherland-Net). In addition, the study investigated the construction basis of immigrant social networks and health effects based on the Chinese context. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017, 2018, and 2019. The survey was carried out by an on-site questionnaire survey of foreigners in China in the entry-exit hall of the National Immigration Administration. The survey asked foreigners about their immigration experience, labor and employment, social networks, and access to health care. Results and conclusions: Immigrants from more developed countries are more likely to succeed in establishing Chinese-Net and reduce the dependence on Motherland-Net. The Japanese and South Korean immigrants tended to be associated with their home-country compatriots, excluding the Chinese from social contacts and immigration networks. The mixed residence of non-home-country immigrants reduces both the Motherland-Net and Chinese-Net of international immigrants. From the perspective of the health effect, the establishment and expansion of Chinese-Net did not present the “bright side” of encouraging immigrants to reach a better health status. In contrast, Motherland-Net has a stronger explanatory power for the health changes in immigrants.
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Chen, Lei, Hin Wing Tse, Deborah Wu, and Maria-Elena De Trinidad Young. "Cross-Cultural Researchers’ Positionality in Immigrant Health Research: Reflections on Conducting Research on Chinese Immigrants’ Experiences in the United States." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 2021): 160940692110521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069211052190.
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While a growing body of research has examined immigrants’ health generally, less is known specifically about the impact of immigration policy on the health of Chinese immigrants, the second-largest foreign-born population in the United States. This is due, in part, to the lack of methodologically well-trained, cross-cultural researchers who have both the cultural and linguistic expertise and health knowledge to engage with Chinese immigrant populations. This paper addresses this gap by examining Chinese cross-cultural researchers’ roles in the qualitative phase of the Research on ImmiGrant HealTh and State policy (RIGHTS) project, which sought to assess how immigration policies shaped Chinese and other immigrants’ experiences in healthcare and other related sectors in California. We used reflexivity to assess Chinese cross-cultural researchers’ positionality of insiderness and outsiderness and its influence on the process of data collection (i.e., recruitment, conducting interviews, transcription, and translation). Our reflexivity guides the assessment of the opportunities (e.g., expanding the recruitment pool, engaging participants more effectively in interviews, ensuring data integrity, and discussing heterogeneity within the Chinese immigrant community) and challenges (e.g., the difficulty of recruiting low-income and undocumented immigrants, addressing participants’ in-depth thoughts, the time-consuming nature of transcription and translation, and the assessment of power dynamics) in conducting immigrant health research with the Chinese community. These results highlight the need for cross-cultural researchers to help build trusting relationships with ethnic-minority communities, thus gaining new insights and advancing knowledge within the field of ethnic minority health research. These insights can guide future investigations of Chinese and other immigrant communities as research on immigration policy and health expands.
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Dassanayake, Jayantha, Lyle Gurrin, Warren R. Payne, Vijaya Sundararajan, and Shyamali C. Dharmage. "Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Immigrants." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 23, no. 6 (December 15, 2010): 882–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539509360572.
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Objectives: This study systematically reviewed the peer-reviewed literature to establish morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke among immigrant populations. Methods: The review considered only studies published between 1986 and 2008 that provided data on MI or stroke morbidity/mortality among first-generation immigrants. A prespecified search strategy identified 58 studies for possible inclusion. Of these, 12 met the inclusion criteria. Results: Immigrant MI mortality and morbidity varied by host country with no consistent pattern from one country or region. However, there was an overall trend for increasing risk of MI among immigrants worldwide. Chinese and African immigrants had consistently higher stroke mortality. Conclusion: MI and stroke incidence and prevalence among first-generation immigrants are related to both genetic and environmental factors, but the relative contribution of each is unclear. Prospective studies are needed to identify genetic and behavioral characteristics associated with stroke among Chinese immigrant populations.
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Chen, Juan, Zhonglu Li, Duoduo Xu, and Xiaogang Wu. "Effects of Neighborhood Discrimination Towards Mainland Immigrants on Mental Health in Hong Kong." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6 (March 20, 2019): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061025.
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Using data from a representative sample of Chinese adults who were surveyed in the Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics (HKPSSD), we estimate the effects of neighborhood discrimination towards immigrants from Mainland China on the mental health of Chinese residents in Hong Kong. Contrary to our expectations, discrimination towards immigrants from Mainland China measured at the neighborhood level is not associated with the poor mental health of post-1997 immigrants; instead, a higher level of immigrant discrimination is associated with a lower level of psychological distress for both post-1997 Mainland immigrants and other Chinese residents in Hong Kong. A functional family also appears to be a consistent predictor of better mental health for both groups. Our findings, therefore, suggest that immigrant discrimination can signify a prejudice that leads to social distance or avoidance and that the post-1997 Mainland immigrants do not have extensive contact with other local residents in Hong Kong. Although local residents’ discriminatory attitudes may not result in aggressive behaviors that have a negative impact on newcomers’ mental health, the social distance between the immigrants and the local residents is still an issue that requires further research and practical attention.
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Hung, Yu-Ju. "Transnational and Local-Focus Ethnic Networks." Southern California Quarterly 98, no. 2 (2016): 194–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ucpsocal.2016.98.2.194.
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While nineteenth-century Chinese immigrants took comfort in social organizations based on networks carried over from China, this case history of recent Chinese immigrant communities in the San Gabriel Valley finds two kinds of social organizations operating complementarily. Transnational organizations, based on networks established in regions of origin, sustain community bonds among immigrants and their offspring. Local-focus organizations are a new type, formed among Chinese American suburbanites to empower them in local issues.
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Badanta, Barbara, Juan Vega-Escaño, Sergio Barrientos-Trigo, Lorena Tarriño-Concejero, María Ángeles García-Carpintero García-Carpintero Muñoz, María González-Cano-Caballero, Antonio Barbero-Radío, Domingo de-Pedro-Jimenez, Giancarlo Lucchetti, and Rocío de Diego-Cordero. "Acculturation, Health Behaviors, and Social Relations among Chinese Immigrants Living in Spain." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (July 18, 2021): 7639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147639.
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This study aims to identify acculturation experiences about social relations and health behaviors of first-generation Chinese immigrants in the South of Spain, including food patterns, physical exercise, and tobacco and alcohol use. A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews, informal conversations, and field notes. All data were analyzed under the Berry’s Model of Acculturation. A total of 133 Chinese immigrants were included. Our findings show that separation was the dominant acculturation strategy, followed by integration and assimilation, while marginalization was not present in this immigrant population. Most of the immigrant population maintains a link to the customs of their home country, favoring the process of identity and collective self-esteem. These results can help health managers and the government to further understand Chinese immigrants in Europe and to establish appropriate health interventions to this group.
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Sorrell, Katherine, Simranjit Khalsa, Elaine Howard Ecklund, and Michael O. Emerson. "Immigrant Identities and the Shaping of a Racialized American Self." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 5 (January 2019): 237802311985278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023119852788.
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Immigration scholars largely focus on adaptation processes of immigrant groups, while race scholars focus on structural barriers nonwhite immigrants face. By comparing nonwhite immigrants with native-born Americans, we can better understand how racial logics affect the identification of racial minorities in the United States. Drawing on 153 interviews with Indian, Caribbean, Chinese, Filipino, and Mexican immigrants, and comparing their narratives to those of black native-born respondents, the authors find similar understandings of American identity across immigrant groups as well as barriers to recognition as American shared by immigrants and native-born blacks. Immigrant narratives continue to reify the United States as a white nation, thus leading to their exclusion by default.
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Tsubota, Kohei, and Lifeng Liu. "Intragroup comparative study on achievement of second generation Chinese newcomer." Impact 2020, no. 8 (December 16, 2020): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.8.6.
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There are many challenges that immigrants to new countries face. Complicating efforts to understand and research these challenges are any ingrained attitudes surrounding immigration and the vast differences in attitudes and levels of immigration in each country. Not every place is the same, nor are all immigrants the same, even if they come from the same country. This makes comparisons of what was successful in one place difficult to make. For example, a country like the US, which has a longer history of immigration may have more established systems and theories on immigration and integration than a country like Japan, where historically, immigration has been low. In the US, immigrants from China are considered to have been successful in thriving and creating a Chinese-American population, but the situation is very different for the increasing Chinese-Japanese population found in Japan. Assistant Professor Kohei Tsubota and Research Associate Lifeng Liu are focusing their research on the second-generation Chinese immigrant population in Japan, in particular how an immigrant child can overcome disadvantages in a society that has no immigrant integration policy, and also, how the disparity structure and gender inequality of Chinese society affect their educational attainment after coming to Japan.
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Aparício, Sandra Lopes, Ivone Duarte, Luísa Castro, and Rui Nunes. "Equity in the Access of Chinese Immigrants to Healthcare Services in Portugal." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 30, 2023): 2442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032442.
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International studies indicate that Chinese immigrants face barriers when trying to access healthcare in the host country. The aim of this study was to identify the barriers that Chinese immigrants face when accessing the Portuguese National Health Service. An observational, cross-sectional and quantitative study was carried out via a bilingual Portuguese/Mandarin self-completed paper questionnaire was applied. The study population consisted of individuals with Chinese nationality who were residing in mainland Portugal for at least one year and aged 18 years or over. A total of 304 individuals answered the questionnaire. The results show that 284 (93.4%) of the participants had already sought healthcare in Portugal. The participants identified language difficulties and health professionals’ lack of knowledge of Chinese cultural habits as the most significant barriers to accessing healthcare in Portugal. Of a total of 165 participants who sought healthcare in China, confidence in treatment outcomes and health professionals’ knowledge of Chinese cultural habits were the reasons given by 151 (91.5%) individuals. This study reveals the existence of linguistic and cultural barriers that can condition the access of the Chinese immigrant population to healthcare systems. Immigrants’ access to healthcare can be promoted via policies that contribute to proficiency in the Portuguese language and medical literacy among the Chinese immigrant population. It can also be promoted by raising the awareness of health professionals to Chinese cultural habits.
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Yu, Kexin, Iris Chi, and Fei Sun. "LIVED EXPERIENCES OF OLDER CHINESE IMMIGRANTS IN AFFORDABLE HOUSING DURING THE PANDEMIC: STRESS AND RESILIENCE." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.247.
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Abstract Older immigrants in affordable housing have unique sets of challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic posed by limited English proficiency and resources. The aggregated living condition could increase their risk of being exposed to the contagious disease. This symposium reports empirical findings of the social Network of Immigrant Chinese older adults in affordable Housing Environment (NICHE) project, which focused on the influence of COVID-19 on underprivileged Chinese older immigrants. We conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with foreign-born older Chinese immigrants (mean age 78.1, 69.23% female) in an affordable housing in Los Angeles to learn about their lived experiences and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The first presentation focused on the changes in older Chinese immigrants’ social life after the onset of the pandemic and aimed to understand the pandemic’s impact on their depressive symptoms and loneliness. The second presentation describes older Chinese immigrants’ perceived pandemic-related stressors and resilience across phases of the pandemic, including at the beginning, after they got vaccinated, and the rising of delta variant. The participants explained what supportive services had been helpful and what support they wished they could have over the past two years in the pandemic. The third presentation reports the experience of being discriminated against during the pandemic, the Chinese older adults’ attitudes towards these discriminatory events, and coping strategies. Together, these three presentations will depict the lived experience of Chinese immigrants over two years during the pandemic and discuss intervention strategies and policy considerations for preparing for future crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Tang, Ning, and Colin MacDougall. "Mood Change of English, French and Chinese Immigrants in Ottawa-Gatineau Region, Canada." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v4i1.4711.
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This multicultural study aimed at examining moodchange of English, French and Chinese speaking immigrants in Ottawa-Gatineau Region, Canada, and identifying demographic factors that impact the change. 810 immigrants of English, French and Chinese speaking sub-groupswere recruited by purposive-sampling. Using self-reports, respondents answered questions regarding moodchange (moodstatus change and mood belief change) and demography in Multicultural Lifestyle Change Questionnaire of English, French or Chinese version. Data were analyzed statistically for the different immigrant sub-groups. Immigrants of different gender, language and category sub-groups exhibited different Mood Change Rates, Mood Improving Rates,Mood Declining Rates and MoodBelief Change Rates. There was no statistical difference between the ratesof immigrant sub-groups.Mood Change (MoodStatus Change + MoodBelief Change) was correlated positively with Mother Tongue and negatively with Speaking Languages. Mood Status Change was negatively correlated with Marital Status and Highest Level of Education. Mother Tongue, Speaking Languages and Highest Level of Education significantly impacted MoodChange (Mood Status Change + Mood Belief Change). Marital Status and Highest Level of Education significantly influenced Mood Status Change. Immigrants of different sub-groups in Canada experienceddifferentmoodchanges. Marital Status and Highest Level of Educationwerethe main factors impacting Mood Status Change. Mother Tongue and Speaking Languages werethe principal factors influencing Mood Belief Change. Culture was an important factor contributing Mood Change. Acculturation could impact Mood Status Change and Mood Belief Change. Data of immigrant mood change can provide evidence for health policy-making and policy-revising in Canada.
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Tang, Ning, and Colin MacDougall. "Mood Change of English, French and Chinese Immigrants in Ottawa-Gatineau Region, Canada." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/.v4i1.4711.
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This multicultural study aimed at examining moodchange of English, French and Chinese speaking immigrants in Ottawa-Gatineau Region, Canada, and identifying demographic factors that impact the change. 810 immigrants of English, French and Chinese speaking sub-groupswere recruited by purposive-sampling. Using self-reports, respondents answered questions regarding moodchange (moodstatus change and mood belief change) and demography in Multicultural Lifestyle Change Questionnaire of English, French or Chinese version. Data were analyzed statistically for the different immigrant sub-groups. Immigrants of different gender, language and category sub-groups exhibited different Mood Change Rates, Mood Improving Rates,Mood Declining Rates and MoodBelief Change Rates. There was no statistical difference between the ratesof immigrant sub-groups.Mood Change (MoodStatus Change + MoodBelief Change) was correlated positively with Mother Tongue and negatively with Speaking Languages. Mood Status Change was negatively correlated with Marital Status and Highest Level of Education. Mother Tongue, Speaking Languages and Highest Level of Education significantly impacted MoodChange (Mood Status Change + Mood Belief Change). Marital Status and Highest Level of Education significantly influenced Mood Status Change. Immigrants of different sub-groups in Canada experienceddifferentmoodchanges. Marital Status and Highest Level of Educationwerethe main factors impacting Mood Status Change. Mother Tongue and Speaking Languages werethe principal factors influencing Mood Belief Change. Culture was an important factor contributing Mood Change. Acculturation could impact Mood Status Change and Mood Belief Change. Data of immigrant mood change can provide evidence for health policy-making and policy-revising in Canada.
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Chan, Angel. "Transnational parenting practices of Chinese immigrant families in New Zealand." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 19, no. 3 (February 1, 2017): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463949117691204.
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This article advocates for fluid pedagogies that align with the transnational parenting practices of immigrant families. New Zealand is now considered to be a superdiverse country with a large population of immigrants. This superdiversity phenomenon can therefore also be found in its early childhood education settings. Research has indicated that many contemporary immigrants are transnationals who maintain close connections with their home countries and frequently engage in border-crossing activities. Transnational immigrants are mobile, and their parenting strategies may be similarly fluid. This article uses findings from a research project which involved Chinese immigrant families to illustrate transnational perspectives of early childhood education and parenting practices. Narrative excerpts are presented and analysed using key theoretical constructs of transnationalism to illustrate the participants’ cultural dilemmas in their parenting, their preparedness to adapt their heritage practices and to adopt early childhood education discourses of the host country, and their agency in choosing parenting strategies that they believed best support their children’s learning. It highlights the importance of parent–teacher dialogue and of enacting a curriculum with fluid pedagogies that are responsive to heterogeneous parental aspirations.
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Chaun, Hugh, and Hugh J. Freeman. "Ulcerative Colitis in the Chinese Population of Vancouver, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 8, no. 5 (1994): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/821476.
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The clinical records of 22 Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) seen in Vancouver, British Columbia from 1975 to 1989 were reviewed. There was a predominance of males, with a male to female ratio of 1.75:1. The age range at diagnosis was 14 to 67 years (mean 38.9). Eighteen of the 22 patients were immigrants, and one was a visitor from Hong Kong. The age at diagnosis of the three Canadian-born patients (14, 26 and 26 years old) was less than the mean age at diagnosis of the immigrant group. The immigrants had resided in Canada for a mean of 9.3 years before developing symptoms of UC. Despite the rarity of UC in Hong Kong, 59% of the Chinese patients in this series were Hong Kong immigrants. This study demonstrates that UC is not as uncommon a disease in Chinese as had been previously perceived. Adequate time is apparently necessary for exposure to environmental factors in the pathogenesis of UC. The opportunity for continued study of defined ethnic immigrant populations in North America may yield useful information related to environmental factors that may be important in the etiology and pathogenesis of UC.
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Wilson, Tamar Diana. "Chinese Immigrants in Mexico." Latin American Perspectives 42, no. 6 (October 19, 2015): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x15604153.
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Li, He. "Chinese Immigrants in Peru." Iberoamericana – Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies 20, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/ibero.223.
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Chen, Jennifer J., Peizhen Sun, and Zuwei Yu. "A Comparative Study on Parenting of Preschool Children Between the Chinese in China and Chinese Immigrants in the United States." Journal of Family Issues 38, no. 9 (December 3, 2015): 1262–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x15619460.
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The goal of this questionnaire-based study was to compare the relative endorsement of specific parenting patterns among two ethnic Chinese groups rearing preschool children: Chinese parents in China ( N = 117) and first-generation Chinese immigrant parents in the United States ( N = 94). A significant interaction effect was found between country and gender on the nonreasoning/punitive dimension of authoritarian parenting, revealing that Chinese fathers endorsed this pattern more strongly than both Chinese immigrant fathers and Chinese mothers. There was also a significant interaction effect between country and gender on the practice of shaming/love withdrawal, indicating that Chinese fathers espoused this pattern more strongly than Chinese immigrant fathers and Chinese mothers, but Chinese immigrant mothers endorsed it more strongly than Chinese immigrant fathers. Furthermore, it was revealed that Chinese immigrants endorsed beliefs about maternal involvement more strongly than their Chinese counterparts. The results are discussed in the context of cultural and contextual influences.
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Yin, Xia-Huang. "Diverse and Transnational: Chinese (PRC) Immigrants in the United States." Journal of Chinese Overseas 3, no. 1 (2007): 122–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/179325407788639515.
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AbstractThis article studies characteristics of recent immigrants from China (PRC) in the United States, especially their socioeconomic status and networking with their native land. The unprecedented, large-scale, and highly diversified immigration from China to the U.S. since the late 1970s has not only turned the Chinese into the second largest immigrant group in American society, but has also created new opportunities for interpretation of the Chinese diasporic experience. By examining the socioeconomic diversity among PRC immigrants in their American life and the extensive networks they have established across the Pacific, the article shows how class, ethnicity, and transnationality work at cross purposes in the Chinese American experience and sheds light on the new dynamics in overseas Chinese communities in this rapidly changing era.
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Mao, Aimei, Joan L. Bottorff, John L. Oliffe, Gayl Sarbit, and Mary T. Kelly. "A Qualitative Study on Chinese Canadian Male Immigrants’ Perspectives on Stopping Smoking: Implications for Tobacco Control in China." American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 4 (April 19, 2016): 812–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988316644050.
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China has the largest number of smokers in the world; more than half of adult men smoke. Chinese immigrants smoke at lower rates than the mainstream population and other immigrant groups do. This qualitative study was to explore the influence of denormalization in Canada on male Chinese immigrant smoking after migration. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 22 male Chinese Canadian immigrants who were currently smoking or had quit smoking in the past 5 years. The study identified that, while becoming a prospective/father prompted the Chinese smokers to quit or reduce their smoking due to concern of the impacts of their smoking on the health of their young children, changes in smoking were also associated with the smoking environment. Four facilitators were identified which were related to the denomormalized smoking environment in Canada: (a) the stigma related to being a smoker in Canada, (b) conformity with Canadian smoking bans in public places, (c) the reduced social function of smoking in Canadian culture, and (d) the impact of graphic health messages on cigarette packs. Denormalization of tobacco in Canada in combination with collectivist values among Chinese smokers appeared to contribute to participants’ reducing and quitting smoking. Although findings of the study cannot be claimed as generalizable to the wider population of Chinese Canadian immigrants due to the small number of the participants, this study provides lessons for the development of tobacco control measures in China to reverse the current prosmoking social environment.
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Jiang, Nan, Bei Wu, and Wei Zhang. "Oral Health, Immigrant Status, and Adult Children’s Support Among Chinese American Older Adults." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2902.
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Abstract Adult children play an important role in older immigrants’ health outcomes. Research has indicated that older adults may benefit from adult children caregivers’ support for oral health. However, little is known about children’s support for improving oral health for older immigrants. Using the 2018 survey of 430 Chinese older adults age 55 and older in Honolulu, Hawai’i, we examine the associations among immigrant status, adult children’s support and perceived oral health for Chinese American older adults. Emotional support from adult children protects the self-rated oral health for the immigrant group, while financial support is linked to fewer oral health problems among the US-born group. Therefore, the current study underlines the importance of investigating different pathways among foreign-born and native-born Chinese older adults with regard to children’s support on their oral health outcomes. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Oral Health Interest Group.
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Nee, Victor, and Herbert Y. Wong. "Asian American Socioeconomic Achievement." Sociological Perspectives 28, no. 3 (July 1985): 281–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389149.
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The analysis emphasizes the need to examine structural and cultural factors in the sending and receiving countries over a historical process to understand how immigrants are incorporated in American society. The article argues that Chinese were slower to make the transition from sojourner to immigrant due to structural characteristics of Chinese village society; whereas Japanese immigrants were not tied by strong family bonds to Japan and made a more rapid transition. The differential timing of family formation and family-run businesses in America account for the more rapid assimilation of Japanese Americans. Changing labor markets after World War II provided new opportunity structures favorable to the socioeconomic mobility of native-born Chinese and Japanese Americans.
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MAGEE, WILLIAM, ERIC FONG, and RIMA WILKES. "Neighbourhood Ethnic Concentration and Discrimination." Journal of Social Policy 37, no. 1 (December 3, 2007): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279407001481.
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We investigate the association between the residential concentration of Chinese in Toronto and discrimination as experienced and perceived by Chinese immigrant residents. A unique aspect of this study is our focus on perceived employment discrimination. We find that Chinese immigrants living in neighbourhoods with a high concentration of other Chinese residents are more likely to perceive employment discrimination against Chinese people as a group, and are more likely to report exposure to ethnically motivated verbal assault, than are Chinese immigrants living elsewhere. Our results are consistent with studies of other populations. However, we argue that theory and policy related to ethnic concentration and discrimination should recognise that effects of ethnic concentration on discrimination are likely to vary with the ecological setting under investigation (for example, neighbourhoods versus larger areas), as well as by size of locale (city, region, or country), and the ethnic groups involved.
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Lin (林平), Ping. "Overseas Chinese: The Early and the New, and the Difference Between Them (海外華人的過去發展與當前轉變)." Translocal Chinese: East Asian Perspectives 11, no. 2 (September 22, 2017): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24522015-01102001.
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This special issue contains six essays discussing the lives of both early Chinese overseas migrants in the 19th century and those who have moved more recently during the past three decades. At heart is the thorny issue: what is the difference between early and new overseas Chinese? While earlier Chinese immigrants were mainly Han people from the Southeast China, who are the new Chinese immigrants and where do they come from? While early Chinese immigrants tended to be less skilled and educated, what are the socio-economic features of new Chinese immigrants? How do the early and new Chinese immigrants perceive each other if both live in the same locality? How do the people of the host countries perceive the new Chinese immigrants and the coming of Chinese investments? Each of these topics is partially addressed in this issue. More research on the rise of China and new Chinese immigrants will be the focus of future work in the field of overseas Chinese studies. (This article is in English).
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Lien, Pei-te. "Pre-emigration Socialization, Transnational Ties, and Political Participation Across the Pacific: A Comparison Among Immigrants from China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong." Journal of East Asian Studies 10, no. 3 (December 2010): 453–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800003696.
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Extant research on immigrant incorporation pays little attention to variations among immigrants from the same ethnic origin. A main purpose of this study is to address this research void by exploring how differences in the pre-emigration socialization context for immigrants from a politically divided homeland may affect their participation in mainstream-oriented and homeland-regarded politics. I posit that experiences Asian immigrants have in different political systems before crossing the Pacific may result in different relationships they maintain with their homeland as well as different attitudes toward homeland government and policies they develop after the crossing; and this, in turn, may affect how much they participate in politics on both sides of the Pacific. However, through the process of resocialization, I also suggest immigrants' political behavior may be influenced by their degree of exposure to the host society as well as by their connectedness with its institutions. Using data from the 2007 Chinese American Homeland Politics survey, I focus on the experiences of US immigrants of Chinese descent from China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong to test these hypotheses.
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Puentes, Jeremias P., Patricia M. Arenas, and Julio A. Hurrell. "Plants used to treat respiratory diseases introduced by Bolivian and Chinese immigrants in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina." Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas 21, no. 5 (September 30, 2022): 577–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37360/blacpma.22.21.5.35.
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This contribution includes the registry of 28 species of medicinal plants and their derived products used to treat respiratory diseases in theMetropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina, introduced by Bolivian and Chinese immigrants. Information on these species (their assigned local uses) was obtained from interviews with local informants and from other sources, such as labels, brochures and catalogs, print and electronic. A bibliographic review was carried out on the biological activity and effects studied in order to evaluate its correspondence with the assigned local uses. The degree of visibility of the treated species was analyzed, according to their circulation in the restricted commercial circuits (Chinese and Bolivian immigrants) and the general commercial circuit. Of the total, 17 species belong to the segment of Chinese immigrants, and the remaining 11 to the Bolivian segment. The most frequently reported respiratory conditions are: "asthma", "cough", "bronchitis", "respiratory tract infections", "lung ailments". The immigrant segments play a fundamental role in the conservation of biocultural diversity in the study area.
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Nie, Dan, and Anna-Maija Lämsä. "Chinese immigrants’ occupational well-being in Finland: the role of paternalistic leadership." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 39, no. 3 (May 8, 2018): 340–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-05-2017-0144.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to enhance the understanding of paternalistic leadership behaviour in the Finnish organisational context by investigating its relationship with Chinese immigrant employees’ occupational well-being. Design/methodology/approach This research was based on a survey of 117 Chinese immigrants working in Finland. The snowball sampling method was adopted in the present research. Findings The findings show that the dimensions of paternalistic leadership, specifically benevolent leadership behaviour, can be influential in Chinese immigrant knowledge workers’ occupational well-being in the Finnish organisational context. Research limitations/implications Paternalistic leadership style can also make sense in a Western organisational context, especially when dealing with well-being among immigrant employees from China or other Asian countries. Originality/value Some misunderstanding of paternalistic leadership behaviour in Western societies may impede the theory’s further development. The study enhanced the understanding of paternalism in the Finnish organisational context by illuminating the effect of paternalistic leadership on Chinese immigrant employees’ occupational well-being.
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Wilcox, Hui Niu, and Erika Busse. "“Authentic” Dance and Racialized Ethnic Identities in Multicultural America: The Chinese in Minnesota and Peruvians in New Jersey." Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 3, no. 3 (October 31, 2016): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2332649216674224.
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We investigate how Chinese and Peruvian immigrants in the United States construct the idea of authenticity through dance and what roles the discourse and practice surrounding authenticity play in the formation of racialized ethnic identities. This inquiry reveals that “authenticity” in the context of immigrant dance has two distinct but related dimensions; it is both a descriptor of cultural practice and a quality of individual subjectivities by which immigrants recognize the importance of dance for both cultural preservation and individual self-actualization. Additionally, through so-called authentic cultural practices such as dance, immigrants in the United States preserve their before-migration national identities. They do so in the institutional context of multiculturalism, where the host society’s demands for authenticity converge with immigrants’ desire for belonging and where immigrants experience racial formation and ethnic construction simultaneously.
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Zheng, Lijie, Mariëtte de Haan, and Willem Koops. "Learning to be a mother: Comparing two groups of Chinese immigrants in the Netherlands." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 28, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 220–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0117196819844380.
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Immigrant parents may have to rebuild their parenting knowledge after migration to keep up with their new milieu. Comparing two subgroups of Chinese immigrants, economic and knowledge immigrants, this study shows that the construction of different parental ethnotheories can be understood through the characteristics of their parenting knowledge acquisition, social networks and networking strategies. Findings from ego-network interviews with 15 economic immigrant mothers and 20 knowledge immigrant mothers indicate that the former tends to obtain practical tips and specific instructions directly from experts and acquire practical help from local, co-ethnic, small and dense networks, while the latter engages in critical peer-based learning in multicultural, open and long-distance networks. This study argues that a social network perspective can shed light on the “black box” of how parenting theories are reconstructed after migration.
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Lichter, Daniel T., Zhenchao Qian, and Dmitry Tumin. "Whom Do Immigrants Marry? Emerging Patterns of Intermarriage and Integration in the United States." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 662, no. 1 (October 11, 2015): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215594614.
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We document patterns of intermarriage between immigrants and natives during a period of unprecedented growth in the size and diversity of America’s foreign-born population. Roughly one in six U.S. marriages today involve immigrants and a large share includes U.S.-born partners. Ethno-racial background clearly shapes trajectories of immigrant social integration. White immigrants are far more likely than other groups to marry U.S.-born natives, mostly other whites. Black immigrants are much less likely to marry black natives or out-marry with other groups. Intermarriage is also linked with other well-known proxies of social integration—educational attainment, length of time in the country, and naturalization status. Classifying America’s largest immigrant groups (e.g., Chinese and Mexican) into broad panethnic groups (e.g., Asians and Hispanics) hides substantial diversity in the processes of marital assimilation and social integration across national origin groups.
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Dyatlov, V. I. "Anti-Immigrant Attitudes in the Socio-Political Life of a Siberian City: The Example of Irkutsk." Inner Asia 2, no. 1 (2000): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/146481700793647896.
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AbstractAlthough the great majority of Siberians are themselves ‘immigrants’ from central Russia and other Slav regions, the post-Soviet period has seen the re-emergence of previously latent anti- immigrant attitudes even among contemporary Siberians. The article examines the case of Irkutsk and explains why it is that hostility is now directed against the Caucasian nationalities and against the Chinese. One factor is the historical dislike of ‘trading minorities’ by peoples with an egalitarian, labour-oriented ethos; another is the way the new immigrants play into local stereotypes of the ‘stranger’; a third is the exploitation of rising nationalism by local politicians in their electoral strategies. The article concludes that self-protective strategies, especially by the Chinese, often prevent integration. Anti-immigrant attitudes are likely to remain, even
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W.L. Lai, Daniel, Gabrielle D. Daoust, and Lun Li. "Understanding elder abuse and neglect in aging Chinese immigrants in Canada." Journal of Adult Protection 16, no. 5 (October 7, 2014): 322–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-03-2014-0006.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss existing literature and available research findings related to understanding elder abuse and neglect in culturally diverse communities, particularly the Chinese immigrant community in Canada. The conceptual understandings of elder abuse are examined, based upon the socio-cultural context and challenges faced by aging Chinese immigrants. Design/methodology/approach – Previous literature and research publications related to elder abuse and neglect related to Chinese in Canada were reviewed and synthesized. Statistical information and research findings were summarized to illustrate the socio-cultural context that defines elder abuse and neglect experienced by aging Chinese immigrants in Canada. Findings – From a culturally diverse perspective, influence of race, ethnicity, immigrant status, and cultural norms on the recognition, identification, prevention and intervention of elder abuse and neglect are important to consider. A key message for professionals working with the aging population, particularly older immigrants from ethno-cultural minority background, is that understanding the social cultural context in which elder abuse or neglect emerges is critical. For many of the aging Chinese immigrants in Canada, the socio-cultural circumstances that they have experienced, their social environment, and various barriers and challenges further prevent them from being aware of this emerging concern. Cultural norms and practices have played a critical role in their access to preventive and intervention services. Research limitations/implications – Although this paper is not based upon a particularly empirical research study, the research and literature synthesized are both empirically and conceptually based. As indicated in the review of previous research publications on the subjective matter of elder abuse and neglect in aging Chinese immigrants in Canada is limited. Research on various issues related to elder abuse and neglect in ethno-cultural minority communities is also relatively scant. Evaluation research on prevention and intervention programs is desperately needed so as to facilitate the further establishment of best practice prevention and intervention models that are culturally appropriate and effective. While research engagement with minority groups such as the aging Chinese immigrants who do not speak English or are not familiar with the research culture in the western civilization could be challenging, academic researchers and service providers in both the mainstream and ethno-cultural minority communities should further align themselves in practice-research partnership endeavors to ensure the safety and wellbeing of the aging vulnerable individuals could be better maintained. Practical implications – In order to provide culturally competent services, service providers should be aware of cultural differences in attitudes towards elder mistreatment, including the ways in which specific types of abuse (e.g. financial abuse) are defined within ethno-cultural communities, and the cultural values and experiences that shape these understandings and determine attitudes or barriers towards reporting, intervention, and service use. Originality/value – This paper is a first attempt in the research community to synthesize a few critical issues related to elder abuse and neglect in the aging Chinese immigrant community in Canada. The paper has connected previous empirical findings related to Chinese older adults as well as other culturally diverse aging populations to the conceptualization of elder abuse and neglect by considering the unique socio-cultural context faced by the ethnocultural older adults.
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Fernandez, Marilyn, and Kwang Chung Kim. "Self-Employment Rates of Asian Immigrant Groups: An Analysis of Intragroup and Intergroup Differences." International Migration Review 32, no. 3 (September 1998): 654–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839803200304.
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Self-employment rates and related business activities of four groups of recent adult Asian immigrants (Koreans, Chinese, Asian Indians, and Vietnamese) are empirically examined with the 1990 census data. As expected, both intra- and intergroup differences in self-employment rates are observed among the four groups. Korean immigrants are sharply different from other Asian immigrant groups in their rate of self-employment and pattern of intragroup differences in self-employment rates. As a whole, for non-Korean Asian immigrant groups, intragroup differences in self-employment rates can be explained by the interactive model and by the related issue of immigrants’ labor market disadvantage in the United States. To some extent, the interactive model also offers a useful framework to explain Korean immigrants’ rate of self-employment. But the pattern of their intragroup difference is better explained by the linkage between their businesses and their home country economies reflecting the international dimension of immigrant small business entrepreneurship. Implications of the findings of intra- and intergroup differences observed among the four groups are discussed.
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Wu, Yuning, Ruth Triplett, and Ivan Y. Sun. "Chinese immigrants’ contact with police." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 35, no. 4 (November 2, 2012): 741–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13639511211275634.
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Wang, Yining. "“Cross Is Fix”: Christianity and Christian Community as Vehicles for Overcoming Settlement Crises of Chinese Immigrant Families." Religions 13, no. 2 (January 25, 2022): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13020119.
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Mainland Chinese grow up in a nation with Confucianism, Daoism and Buddhism as their cultural heritage, and are educated with atheism, materialism, and scientism in contemporary China. However, the high rate of conversion to Christianity among Chinese immigrants in Anglo-Saxon countries constitutes a distinctive feature in studies of migration. This paper aims to investigate the reasons for becoming Christian and the development of spirituality of a group of first-generation Chinese Australians from mainland China. All the seven participants are highly educated women who migrated to Australia as adults and had young children at the time of conversion. Data were collected mainly through open-ended in-depth interviews, and triangulated with private conversations, observations, and WeChat messaging. This ethnographic qualitative research found that these immigrants’ Christian attempts were prominently triggered by settlement crisis as new immigrants and as immigrant parents. They see Christianity and church community as a strong vehicle to resolve integration difficulties in a new society, such as economic and career insecurities, social isolation, language barriers, marital crises, and parenting dilemmas. Their Christian movement is facilitated by identified ideological congruence but hindered by cultural conflicts between their newly acquired Christian doctrines and their previously instructed values. The findings have implications for immigrant families, secular institutions, and religious organizations, as to the psychosocial well-being of new migrants.
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Chen (陳靜瑜), Christine Chin-yu. "Transformation of a New Chinese Immigrant Community in the United States: A Case Study in Flushing, New York (美國新華人移民社區的轉型—以紐約法拉盛為探討中心)." Translocal Chinese: East Asian Perspectives 11, no. 2 (September 22, 2017): 208–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24522015-01102003.
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Early Chinese immigrants in America centered on the Chinatown, which had fixed blocks and scope of activities. The distinguishing features of its ethnic culture and economy were formed by the ethnic Chinese immigrants who dwelt there. The Chinatown has become identified with the early Chinese immigrants and become one of the most unique residential areas for any ethnic group. Ever since the 1965 amendments to the American Immigration and Nationality Act, however, new Chinese arrivals no longer inhabit Chinatowns after they reach the United States. Without stationary blocks and scopes of activities, new Chinese immigrant communities have become enclaves accommodating multiple ethnic groups instead of one particular ethnicity. These communities are closely connected to a variety of ethnic features and have a tremendously different appearance from that of Chinatown. This transformation is still in progress and has been widely-considered by many scholars researching overseas ethnic Chinese immigrants. Flushing, in New York, is the largest Chinese immigrant community in the twenty-first century. This essay takes it as a case study to look into the evolution of Chinese immigrant communities in the United States. 早期美國華人移民以唐人街為中心，它有固定的街區，一定的活動範圍。老移民住在這個範圍內，形成它鮮明的族裔文化和經濟特色，贏得了早期華人移民的認同，成為美國最具特色的族裔聚居區之一。自1965年新移民法修改後，新移民移入美國，不再以唐人街為居住區域，新華人移民社區無固定的街區，無固定的活動範圍，無單一的族裔聚集區，甚或是多族裔聚集的區域，靠著族裔特色融匯在一起，與過去的唐人街特色迥異，這種改變正在持續中，也是現今研究海外華人的學者關注的課題。本文欲藉由21世紀全球最大的華人移民社區—紐約的法拉盛（Flushing） 為例，探討美國華人移民社區的演變。 (This article is in English).
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Batterson, Ella, Marilyn Tseng, Emily C. Walton, Brian Egleston, Julia Zhong, Minzi Li, and Carolyn Fang. "Abstract A013: Patterns of heterolocalism among Chinese immigrants in Philadelphia." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): A013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-a013.
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Abstract Residence in an immigrant enclave has been linked to lower risk for some cancers but higher risk of late-stage diagnosis. In part, these patterns may be explained by the cultural, institutional, and social resources in immigrant enclaves that protect against ill health. Modern communication and transportation can facilitate “exposure” to immigrant enclaves as resource hubs, while individuals may reside in more racially integrated neighborhoods. This process of heterolocalism is underexplored in its relationship to cancer risk. The current study compares residents and non-residents of Chinese immigrant enclaves in Philadelphia with respect to distances traveled for various activities. Participants were 520 Chinese immigrant men and women aged 35-65 y. Interviews conducted 9/18-01/20 included questions on residence and usual locations of five types of activities: employment, grocery shopping, religious services, healthcare, and leisure. Participants were categorized as residing in a traditional (n=167), emerging (n=202), or non-enclave (n=151) neighborhood depending on the co-ethnic density of their census tract and adjacent tracts. We used ArcGIS to geocode participants’ residences and activity locations and conducted spatial analyses to examine distances traveled to these activities. Results indicated that residents of traditional enclaves stayed within or near their residential neighborhoods for grocery shopping, religious services, and leisure activities (median distances all <1 mi), although they traveled further for employment (median 2.5 mi) and healthcare (median 1.9 mi). Based on non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests, traditional enclave residents traveled the shortest median distances to all activities (all p<0.001). In contrast, non-enclave residents traveled the furthest for groceries (median 2.9 mi), religious services (median 8.2 mi), and leisure (median 3.2 mi) (all p<0.001). Mapped travel patterns indicate that many non-enclave residents travelled to enclave areas for these activities. Our findings suggest that heterolocalism is a means by which immigrants maintain co-ethnic connections. They also suggest the importance of understanding enclave ‘exposure’ beyond place of residence to clarify the relationships between immigrant enclaves and cancer outcomes. Citation Format: Ella Batterson, Marilyn Tseng, Emily C. Walton, Brian Egleston, Julia Zhong, Minzi Li, Carolyn Fang. Patterns of heterolocalism among Chinese immigrants in Philadelphia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A013.
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Feng, Xiaohong. "‘Someone’s Knocking at the Door’." Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18733/cpi29536.
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This article explores Canada’s hidden forms of discrimination and racism and suggests ways of building bridges for the successful integration of immigrant parents and their children. By highlighting some key lived experiences of a small sample of Chinese immigrants, the article identifies dilemmas encountered when forming and developing friendships with non-immigrants. By sharing parents’ and their children’s perspectives and suggestions, this article takes positive steps towards promoting intercultural communications, understanding, and respect in Canada for people labelled as ‘the others’.
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Lai, Daniel W. L., and Wendy L. Leonenko. "Correlates of Living Alone among Single Elderly Chinese Immigrants in Canada." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 65, no. 2 (September 2007): 121–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ag.65.2.b.
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According to traditional Chinese culture, families will care for their elderly. Therefore, it appears to be uncommon for elderly Chinese to live alone. This study examines the correlates for single elderly Chinese immigrants in Canada to live alone. Using a probability sample of single elderly Chinese immigrants ( N = 660) in seven urban centers, hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the effects of socio-demographic resource variables, health, and cultural variables. The findings show that 39.1% of single elderly Chinese immigrants reported to be living alone. Variables related to resources, functioning capacity, and acculturation related variables are the key correlates for the elderly Chinese immigrants to maintain independence in the community. The findings imply a need to develop culturally sensitive programs to strengthen the social support, financial stability, and functioning capacity of the elderly immigrants.
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Marger, Martin N., and Constance A. Hoffman. "Ethnic Enterprise in Ontario: Immigrant Participation in the Small Business Sector." International Migration Review 26, no. 3 (September 1992): 968–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600310.
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Participation in the small business sector by immigrants in Ontario is examined, using a theoretical model that views immigrant enterprise as a product of class and ethnic resources in combination with a favorable opportunity structure. Hong Kong Chinese predominate among recent immigrant entrepreneurs and are concentrated in the Toronto metropolitan area. These patterns are attributed to strong push factors in the sending society and the existence of an institutionally complete Chinese community in the receiving society, supporting a well-developed ethnic subeconomy that has taken on many of the features of an ethnic enclave.
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Jiang, Hechao, Daniel T. L. Shek, and Moon Y. M. Law. "Differences between Chinese Adolescent Immigrants and Adolescent Non-Immigrants in Hong Kong: Perceived Psychosocial Attributes, School Environment and Characteristics of Hong Kong Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 3739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073739.
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Although the impact of immigration on adolescent developmental outcomes has received extensive scholarly attention, the impact of internal migration, particularly in the Chinese context, on adolescents’ psychosocial development has not been scientifically investigated. This study examined whether mainland Chinese adolescent immigrants (N = 590) and adolescent non-immigrants (n = 1798) differed on: (a) psychosocial attributes indexed by character traits, well-being, social behavior, and views on child development, (b) perceived school environment, and (c) perceptions of characteristics of Hong Kong adolescents. Consistent with the healthy migration hypothesis, Hong Kong adolescents and mainland Chinese adolescent immigrants did not differ on most of the outcomes; Chinese adolescent immigrants showed higher perceived moral character, empathy, and social trust than did Hong Kong adolescent non-immigrants. Chinese adolescent immigrants also showed more favorable perceptions of the school environment and moral character, social trust and social responsibility of adolescents in Hong Kong. This pioneer Chinese study provides support for the healthy immigration hypothesis (immigration paradox hypothesis) but not the immigration morbidity hypothesis within the specific sociocultural context of Hong Kong in China.
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Li, Lydia W., Sara J. McLaughlin, and Jiaan Zhang. "Healthy Aging in Older Chinese Americans: Associations With Immigrant Experiences." Journal of Aging and Health 32, no. 9 (November 26, 2019): 1098–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264319889122.
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Objectives: We examined the associations of aspects of the immigrant experience—acculturation, neighborhood belonging, and perceived discrimination—with healthy aging in older Chinese Americans and explored whether the associations vary by age and gender. Method: The sample included 3,056 older Chinese Americans. Healthy aging was defined as no disability, no cognitive impairment, and high physical functioning, coded dichotomously (1 = meets all criteria, 0 = otherwise). Acculturation, neighborhood belonging, and perceived discrimination were measured using standardized scales. Results: About 31% of the sample experienced healthy aging. Acculturation was positively associated with healthy aging, with stronger associations in older age and women. A greater sense of neighborhood belonging was associated with higher odds of healthy aging; experiences of discrimination were associated with lower odds. Discussion: Interventions to promote healthy aging in Chinese Americans are needed. Programs that support immigrants with low acculturation levels, strengthen immigrants’ connectedness to their neighbors, and promote inclusiveness may improve population health.
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FRANCISCO, JASON. "A Land of Shadows." Journal of American Studies 52, no. 04 (November 2018): 969–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875818001378.
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This essay is the foreword to an artistic inquiry into immigrant Chinese life in rural nineteenth-century California – a communal life that was itinerant, vulnerable, preyed upon, resilient, and centrally important in the state's and the nation's history. The project integrates new photographs of the remnants of Chinese settlements in the Sierra Nevada foothills and the Sacramento delta areas into a forgotten governmental account of Chinese immigrants, made by D. D. Beatty in Downieville, c.1894. The result is a remade book, part document, part poetic archaeology.
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_, _. "Ethnic Identity and Immigrant Organizations." Journal of Chinese Overseas 14, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 22–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341366.
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Abstract The identities of Chinese immigrants and their organizations are themes widely studied in existing literature but the link between them remains under-researched. This paper seeks to explore the role of Chinese ethnicity in Chinese immigrants’ self-organizing processes by empirically studying Chinese community organizations in South Australia. It finds that Chinese immigrants have deployed ethnic identities together with other social identities to call different organizations into being, which exerts an important influence on the emergence and performance of the five major types of Chinese community organizations active in South Australia. Moreover, the ways in which Chineseness is deployed have been heavily influenced by three factors within and beyond the community. These factors are the transformation of the local ethnic-Chinese community, changing socio-political contexts in Australia, and the rise of China. In short, the deployment of ethnic identities in Chinese immigrants’ organizing processes is instrumental, contextual, and strategic.
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Chang, Zheng. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 549–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100272.
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This study examines the causal effect of the recent inflow of high-skilled immigrants on the housing value of the properties of Hong Kong natives. We categorize homebuyers into local, Mainland Chinese, and other foreigners, and construct neighborhood-level housing profiles based on housing transactions from 2011 to 2016. We estimate the impact of immigrants on housing value at the neighborhood level. By using instrumental variable estimation, we find that recent immigrant inflow does not generate significant impact on the willingness of Hong Kong natives to pay for housing units.
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Mao, Aimei, and Joan L. Bottorff. "A Qualitative Study on Unassisted Smoking Cessation Among Chinese Canadian Immigrants." American Journal of Men's Health 11, no. 6 (January 27, 2016): 1703–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988315627140.
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It is well-known that majority of smokers worldwide quit smoking without any assistance. This is even more evident among Chinese smokers. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how Chinese Canadian immigrant men who smoked cigarettes perceived smoking cessation aids and services and how they used any form of the smoking cessation assistance to help them quit smoking. The study was conducted in British Columbia, Canada. Twenty-two Chinese immigrants were recruited by internet advertisement and through connections with local Chinese communities. Ten of the 22 participants were current smokers and the other 12 had quit smoking in the past 5 years. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Although all participants, including both the ex-smokers and current smokers, had made more than one quit attempt, they rarely used cessation aids or services even after they had immigrated to Canada. The barriers to seeking the cessation assistance were grouped into two categories: practical barriers and cultural barriers. The practical barriers included “Lack of available information on smoking cessation assistance” and “Difficulty in accessing smoking cessation assistance,” while cultural barriers included “Denial of physiological addiction to nicotine,” “Mistrust in the effectiveness of smoking cessation assistance,” “Tendency of self-reliance in solving problems,” and “Concern of privacy revelation related to utilization of smoking cessation assistance.” The findings revealed Chinese immigrants’ unwillingness to use smoking cessation assistance as the result of vulnerability as immigrants and culturally cultivated masculinities of self-control and self-reliance.
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Li, Shuang, and Weiwei Zhang. "Living in Ethnic Areas or Not? Residential Preference of Decimal Generation Immigrants among Asian Indians, Japanese, Chinese, Koreans, Filipinos, and Vietnamese." Social Sciences 10, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10060222.
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The present study examines the spatial assimilation patterns of immigrants who arrived as children. The main objective is to predict the likelihood of living in ethnic areas for decimal generation immigrants (1.25, 1.5, and 1.75) among Asian Indians, Japanese, Chinese, Koreans, Filipinos, and Vietnamese. Using 2013–2017 5-Year ACS Estimates and IPUMS, it applies the measure of local spatial clustering (the Local Moran’s I statistic) to identify ethnic areas and the logistic regression model to assess the effects of immigrant generational status, cultural, and socioeconomic assimilation on the probability of living in ethnic areas. The findings show that the 1.25 and 1.5 decimal generation immigrants of Chinese, Filipinos, Japanese, and Koreans demonstrate higher propensities of living in ethnic areas compared to the first generation of each ethnic group, respectively. Meanwhile, their Asian Indians and Vietnamese counterparts show spatial assimilation. Regardless of generational effects, English language ability positively relates to the probability of living in nonethnic areas, whereas economic assimilation indicators reveal mixed results. We found substantial evidence for resurgent ethnicity theory and some support of spatial assimilation model, indicating the ethnic disparity in spatial assimilation patterns among Asian immigrants. Our paper highlights the nonlinear assimilation patterns among Asian decimal generations. Results suggest that, for Asian immigrants in the U.S., age-at-arrival and ethnicity are both significant predictors of residential preference.
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Wu, Bei, Yaolin Pei, Wei Zhang, and Mary Northridge. "Immigrant Status, Resilience, and Perceived Oral Health Among Chinese Americans in Hawaii." Research on Aging 42, no. 5-6 (March 20, 2020): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0164027520912493.
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Objectives: This study aims to examine the associations among immigrant status, resilience, and perceived oral health for Chinese American older adults in Hawaii. Method: Data derived from 430 Chinese American adults aged 55 years and older residing in Honolulu, HI. We compared the self-rated oral health and oral health problems between U.S.-born Chinese Americans and foreign-born Chinese Americans by using ordered logistic regression and ordinary least squares regression models. Results: Findings suggest that immigrant status and lower levels of resilience are associated with poorer self-rated oral health and more oral health problems for Chinese American older adults in Hawaii. Resilience is more strongly associated with self-rated oral health for U.S.-born Chinese American than for foreign-born Chinese Americans, but this pattern was not evident for oral health problems. Discussion: Older Chinese American immigrants in Hawaii are disadvantaged in terms of their oral health. Understanding their susceptibilities may lead to targeted interventions.
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Li, Yao-Tai. "Constituting Co-Ethnic Exploitation: The Economic and Cultural Meanings of Cash-in-Hand Jobs for Ethnic Chinese Migrants in Australia." Critical Sociology 43, no. 6 (September 23, 2015): 919–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920515606504.
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This article asks two questions: for immigrants, how is an exploitative labor market constituted, and how do immigrant employees and employers understand exploitation involving co-ethnics? Taking ethnic Chinese immigrants (PRC-Chinese, Taiwanese, Hong Kongese) as an example, this article examines employer hiring strategies, employee economic rationales, cultural perceptions, and the work experiences of ethnic Chinese migrant workers who find work in the informal sector in Australia. This article argues that language barriers, relatively higher earnings than home countries, the flexibility of cash-in-hand jobs, and the low expectation that job-seekers have of co-ethnic employers increase the willingness of ethnic Chinese migrants to work in the cash economy. On the other hand, employers look for an ‘obedient’ employee and create the image of a ‘good boss’ to decrease the expression of hostile emotions from their employees. Considering how economic factors and mutual cultural perceptions are embedded and reflected in the informal labor market, this article concludes that co-ethnic exploitation is formulated and justified by both employers and employees in Australia.
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Tong, Yuying, Wenyang Su, and Eric Fong. "Labor market integration of non-Chinese immigrants in Hong Kong from 1991 to 2011: Structure of global market or White privilege?" Chinese Journal of Sociology 4, no. 1 (January 2018): 79–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057150x17748533.
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Previous studies of Hong Kong immigrants have largely focused on those Chinese from the mainland, and less attention has been paid to non-Chinese immigrants. As exceptions to this, a few studies have focused on the channels of non-Chinese immigrants to Hong Kong, but less research has examined their labor market outcomes. This is partly because theories about immigrants in Asia’s global city are underdeveloped, and the traditional labor market assimilation theory based on the North American and European experience may not easily translate to the case of global cities in Asia. In this research, we examine the employment status, occupational rank, and earnings outcomes of Chinese and non-Chinese immigrants from the perspectives of global economic structure and White privilege. Using 5% Hong Kong census/by-census data from 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, and 2011, we draw two major conclusions. First, in the Hong Kong labor market, immigrants from more developed countries enjoy a labor market advantage, which demonstrates the advantages of core-nation origin. In contrast, their counterparts from peripheral nations are penalized. The labor market gap between immigrants from core nations and peripheral nations grew at the turn of the 21st century but narrowed in 2006. Second, White immigrants are privileged in the Hong Kong labor market, showing that White privilege has been transmitted to a non-White-dominant society.