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Fan, Liu. "Lijiang river image in painting of Chinese 20TH century artists." Humanities science current issues 2, no. 39 (2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2308-4863/39-2-6.
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Ковальова, М. М., and Цю Чжуанюй. "ІМПРЕСІОНІСТИЧНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ В КИТАЙСЬКОМУ ОЛІЙНОМУ ЖИВОПИСУ ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ XX СТОЛІТТЯ." Art and Design, no. 3 (November 13, 2020): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2617-0272.2020.3.4.
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The purpose of the article is to reveal the impressionistic trends in the fine arts of China, determining the originality of the Chinese oil painting development of the 20th century. Methodology. Historical and cultural, comparative, iconographic and iconological methods are used in the study. Results. The study examines the underinvestigated aspects of Chinese painting development in the first half of the 20th century. The retrospective analysis of the pictural art enables tracing the traditions and innovations in the formation of oil painting in China, which prevails at this historical stage of the national art school development. The desire of Chinese artists to preserve the philosophical foundation and theoretical principles of classical ink painting, and at the same time an interest in Impressionism, have become a peculiar feature of Chinese oil painting. The main trends, dominating at the beginning of the century, persist to this day, defining the development of Chinese oil painting in general. It is determined that the decorativeness and thematic repertoire of classical Chinese ink art has been transferred to oil painting, as evidenced by the booming exhibition activities. The study determined that in the first half of the 20th century, the impressionistic trend was spread in the country, which resulted from the study of Japanese and French masters by Chinese masters. The teaching methods and stylistic searches of Chinese artists of the period under study became the foundation of contemporary Chinese art. The latest trends in Chinese oil painting in the first half of the 20th century are: an artistic rethinking, reminiscences of a similar phenomenon in Western European painting of the late XIX – early XX century. The spread of impressionism contributed to the greatest development of still life and landscape genres, and also brought plein air practice to a new level. Many Chinese artists spread impressionistic ideas not only in artistic creation, but also in art history. The scientific novelty lies in the systematization and factual material analysis on this problem, determining the role of the impressionist trend in the Chinese oil painting development. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further studies of the history and theory of Oriental art of the 20th century.
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Vostrikova, Ekaterina. "THE НWAJOHWA GENRE (BIRD-AND-FLOWER PAINTING)IN KOREAN TRADITIONAL PAINTING OF THE LATE CHOSŎN PERIOD (18th - EARLY 20th CENTURIES)." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 17, no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2021-17-3-31-49.
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This article is devoted to the hwajohwa artistic genre (bird-and-flower painting) of the late Chosŏn period (18th - early 20th centuries). The study identifies the historical and cultural context and traces the stylistic evolution of the bird-andflower genre. The national features inherent in Korean hwajohwa painting, as well as the influence of traditional Chinese styles and Western European painting techniques on the bird-and-flower genre, are noted. The author outlines the leading artists working in this genre. In the 18th century, the bird-and-flower painting in Korea underwent a significant transformation. The work of professional artists Chŏng Sŏn and Pyŏn Sangbyŏk presents a new realistic approach to hwajohwa painting. Artists began to carefully observe the structural characteristics of the depicted objects of wildlife. Also, artist Sim Sajŏng was a recognised master of the bird-and-flower genre. His work was based on the Chinese “southern school” pictorial principles and aesthetics, the influence of which was strong in Korea. Kim Hondo, the leading artist of the late Chosŏn period, actively used traditional landscape as a background for his works with flowers and birds. However, in depicting living creatures, he did not use formal templates, painting birds in realistic nature scenes. Kim Hondo contributed significantly to the development of Korean traditional painting and the hwajohwa genre. The popularity of the bird-and-flower genre in the late Chosŏn period is mainly due to economic growth and the improvement in the welfare of ordinary people. Most of the works of this genre were created by artists from the people. The works were examples of the so-called minhwa folk painting, which developed in accordance with the requests of a new customer, a native of the lower and middle classes. Such works combined auspicious symbols and were the embodiment of the highest harmony of nature. However, they also began to be used simply to decorate the house. In the hwajohwa painting of the 19th century, a new approach to the depiction of an artist’s personal experiences was reflected; such trends were mixed with the traditional “painting of ideas”. The birdand-flower genre acquired a free style and conveyed fresh aesthetic feelings under the influence of the work of artist Chang Sŭngŏp, whose pictorial approaches were continued and developed by masters at the very end of the Chosŏn era.
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Wu, Guanwen. "Mutual Influence of Woodcut Art of China and the USSR." Философия и культура, no. 9 (September 2022): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0757.2022.9.38851.
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The article discusses the features of interaction and mutual influence of the art of woodcut of China and the USSR. Chinese woodcut and Soviet engraving reveal the greatest mutual influence and rich genre palette in the middle of the XX century. Chinese woodcut gave a creative impulse, enriched the visual possibilities, brought new ideas to the Soviet art of woodcut. It served as an impetus for the rise of graphics, which realized and asserted its specificity. In this regard, it seems relevant to identify common features of Chinese woodcut and Soviet engraving of the mid-20th century, as well as to identify differences in the development of this art form in the two countries. The article analyzes the works of famous woodcuts of two countries: Chen Yanqiao, Yang Han, Qi Baishi, V. A. Favorsky, A. A. Ushin. As a result of the analysis, the common features of Chinese woodcut and Soviet engraving of the mid-20th century were revealed, for example, similar plots and themes, as well as a special dynamic, lively and pulsating rhythm of the works. In addition, differences in the development of this type of art in both countries have been established, largely due to the preservation of their own national style by graphic artists. It is claimed that Soviet graphics contributed to the variety of Chinese woodcuts. In turn, Soviet artists adopted the subtleties of filigree technique from Chinese woodcuts.
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Лю, Тяньцюань. "China - Japan - Europe: Chinese painting‘s absorption of western European traditions in the late 19th - early 20th century." Академический вестник УралНИИпроект РААСН, no. 3(54) (September 30, 2020): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25628/uniip.2022.54.3.014.
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В статье исследуется влияние западноевропейского искусства на китайскую живопись, которое шло через опыт японских художников и обучение в Японии китайских мастеров. Роль японской культуры в освоении китайским искусством западноевропейских традиций до сих пор остается недооцененной, часто исследователи не упоминают о связях с Японией, обращаясь сразу к периоду обучения китайских художников в европейских странах, прежде всего во Франции, который был по времени позднее. Однако именно мастера Страны восходящего солнца в конце XIX - начале XX века серьезно повлияли на формирование нового «европейского» языка изобразительного искусства Китая. The article examines the influence of Western European art on Chinese painting, which went through the experience of Japanese artists and training of Chinese masters in Japan. The role of Japanese culture in mastering the Western European traditions in Chinese art is still underestimated, and often researchers do not mention the ties with Japan, referring directly to the period of training of Chinese artists in European countries, primarily in France, which was later in time. However, it was the Japanese masters in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that seriously influenced the formation of the new «European» visual language of China.
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Qin, Xiaofeng, and Natalia A. Fedorovskaya. "Specifics of Russian-Chinese Cross-Cultural Communication in the Field of Fine Art of the Second Half of the 20th — Early 21st Century." Observatory of Culture 17, no. 6 (February 10, 2021): 582–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2020-17-6-582-593.
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Research in the field of cross-cultural communications in the context of modern globalization processes is becoming particularly relevant. Each specific case in cross-cultural interaction has a set of specific features that require detailed study. The article discusses the features of Russian-Chinese cross-cultural communication in the field of fine art, which have been especially pronounced since the second half of the 20th century and until now. The analysis of generally accepted types of communication made it possible to show specific forms of interaction between Russia and China.There is demonstrated that these features are largely related to the fact that the process of cross-cultural interaction occurs not only at the level of communication between representatives of the two peoples, but also in the process of artistic and stylistic exchange at the level of art works perception. Thus, cross-cultural communication refers to the process of information exchange at different levels. Russian-Chinese communication features include the intrapersonal perception of Russian art, style and genre features of the Russian realistic school, that influenced the style of Chinese artists; the interaction between individual artists and students, the unique contacts between a teacher-master and a student studying individually in the art studio. In the period under review, the communications were often unilateral — Chinese students and artists adopting the traditions of the Russian realistic school of painting, both by inviting Russian artists to China and studying in Russia. The specificity is also shown in the interaction between professional creative unions of artists, joint holding of exhibitions, and organization of plein-airs, during which a multi-level exchange of cultures can happen.
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Xiaotao, Li, and Yan Qing. "The influence of the Itinerants' creative ideas on Chinese realistic painting." World of Russian-speaking countries 2, no. 8 (2021): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2658-7866-2021-2-8-87-104.
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The article analyzes the influence of the Itinerants' creative ideas on Chinese realistic painting, the development of which is inseparable from the study of the Itinerants. The article examines how the painting technique and ideology of the Association of Itinerant Art Exhibitions founded in the late 19th century are relevant to many 20th-century Chinese artists. The authors identify the ideological principles of the Itinerant movement that have influenced different generations of Chinese artists (rejection of the “art for art's sake” principle, emphasis on national characteristics of painting, responsibility for reflecting the life of people in the country, advocating the spirit of critical realism as the only true way to reflect life in art) and prove that without Russian Itinerants there would be no Chinese realism in painting and modern Chinese realistic painting. The article identifies and characterizes three stages of adopting the Itinerant creative ideas in China: the period of the Republic of China (acquaintance of the Chinese public with the Itinerants' paintings and understanding the Itinerant ideology at the time of the “Movement for New Culture”), the beginning of the PRC foundation (the period of comprehensive study of realist painting, training of talented Chinese artists in art educational institutions of the USSR as part of the cultural exchange and mastering the principles of Soviet realist art) and the first decade after the Cultural Revolution (a critical “painting of scars” reflecting the experiences and fates of people during the Cultural Revolution). The authors conclude that the study of the Itinerants' creative ideas from the point of view of cultural studies in the context of the Chinese realist art school development is important for understanding the Russian- Chinese cultural dialogue.
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Burroughs, Jake. "Una introducción general a la teoría y aplicaciones del boxeo taiji de la familia Sun." Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas 4, no. 1 (July 16, 2012): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v4i1.228.
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<p>Though well known in China, Sun Family Taiji is one of the least known of Chinese martial arts here in the West. Created by one of China’s top martial artists, Sun Lutang, in what many consider the “Golden Years” of Chinese pugilism (turn of the 20th century), this style offers proper structure, full body power, and dynamic stepping. Training in Sun Taiji presents not only an extremely healthy exercise for all ages, but also an effective system of combat. This is a concise yet inclusive overview of Sun Family Taiji Boxing, including the historical background, real-world applications, and the theory involved in this often overlooked system of Taiji.</p>
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Ženko, Ernest. "THE YIJING AND THE CRISIS OF WESTERN TRADITION." Srpska politička misao, Specijal 2019 (December 2, 2019): 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/spm.specijal2019.7.
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In the article author follows a view that although rational thinking can be found in all literate societies around the globe, differences between cultures develop to a certain degree also from basic distinctions between philosophical ways of thinking. In this sense, the Yijing, or The Book of Changes, classical text not only characterizes the basic mode of Chinese philosophical thinking, but also influences past and present Chinese culture. The Yijing, however, did not only influence Chinese contexts, but from the 18th century on, its impact was felt also in the West. To Jesuit translators, Leibniz and C. G. Jung, and even to 20th century physicists, artists or musicians, this ancient text had always something relevant to say. The more so in times of crisis, when it became evident that it is better to escape one’s own culture and to look for answers elsewhere; in a wholly different tradition. It seems, however, that the reception of the Yijing in the West went full circle; from being an exotic and mystical text from an unknown and foreign practice, to an important corrective of a Western tradition that found itself in crisis during the twentieth century, to the global culture industry.
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Yang, Guangyu. "temporal spirit, expressiveness and nationality of contemporary Chinese painting." Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S2 (July 31, 2021): 472–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns2.1384.
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The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that China, like Japan, took oil painting relatively recently. Japan became closely acquainted with Western technology in the 19th century, but at that time they still imposed a taboo on oil painting, the authorities in every way prevented its spread, protecting the traditions of national art. Only the 20th century allowed new trends to finally settle down. The work shows that the understanding of the European painting technology was widely represented in the imperial Celestial Empire. The article shows that the artists did not make a big problem to learn painting skills from the Europeans (originally the Portuguese). They learned the lessons, techniques and technology of European art, despite the fact that they had never had a similar school before. Separately, it is stipulated that cooperation after the formation of the USSR played a great influence on contemporary paintings. This explains the fact that many paintings by Chinese painters are very similar to Russian school of fine art. The authors determine that the Russian style, fully perceived by the PRC, was formed collectively from the Renaissance approach, with the inclusion of impressionism motifs.
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Tyagunova, E. O. "Japanese Woodblock Prints From the Second Half of the 19th to Early 20th Century in the Context of the Influence to the Western Art." Art & Culture Studies, no. 4 (December 2021): 198–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.51678/2226-0072-2021-4-198-215.
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There are known periods of development of Japanese traditional ukiyo-e engraving: from its origin in the 17th century and its flourishing in the 18th — first half of the 19th century to the “decline” in the second half of the 19th century. The period of Meiji Restoration (1868–1912) was marked by the opening of Japan after more than two hundred years of self-isolation, acquaintance with Western achievements in the field of industry, science and art. The article discusses the search of combination of Western and national traditions by Japanese artists. Familiarity with the new artistic language and intention to introduce it into the space of traditional ukiyo-e engraving became the basis for the masters of this period. Changes in the field of traditional genres are noted: instead of images of actors (yakusha-e), beauties (bijinga) and landscapes (fukeiga), there were appeared images of foreigners with their manners (yokohama-e), Japan’s modernization (kaika-e), as well as the battle genre (senso-e) dedicated to the events of the Japanese-Chinese (1894–1895) and Russian-Japanese (1904–1905) wars. These attempts to transform the national art allowed to form the ground for the creativity of young masters in the 20th century, who brought traditional engraving to a new level.
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Gultyaeva, Galina S. "CHINESE NATIONAL PICTURE NIANHUA – A PHENOMENON OF CULTURE OF THE XX CENTURE." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 41 (2021): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/41/10.
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Chinese folk painting nianhua (literal translation, “New Year’s picture”) is a kind of Chinese graphic art, which received a wide popularity in the late XIX – early XX centuries. On the eve of the New Year in China everywhere decorated interiors of living rooms with colorful pictures containing New Year’s greetings, they were pasted on windows, doors, gates. Decorative pictures had a utilitarian and cultic purpose: images of mythological characters and gods symbolized happiness, longevity, prosperity, protected from disasters and misfortunes. At the beginning of the 20th century, nianhua was produced in the woodcutting shops in a woodcut way, since the middle of the 20th century have been used modern technologies, including printing. New Year’s paintings significantly different from national academic painting. The philosophical concept of New Year’s painting was to reflect the spiritual life of the people, moral values, and artistic tastes. The images were built on the basis of folklore motifs, a rhythmic combination of bright colors created a decorative effect, so nianhua is a valuable material that demonstrates the aesthetic representations of the Chinese people, their folk traditions and symbols. The themes of the New Year’s paintings are extremely diverse and includes the following: scenes from classical literature, religious and symbolic and benevolent drawings, genre art painting, calendars depicting 12 cyclic signs of animals, agricultural calendars and advertising pictures. During the history of its existence, the New Year’s picture plays an important political and ideological role. Traditional paintings propagated the foundations of the orthodox Confucian ideology about social and ethical relationships, including hierarchy in the family and society: “Wu lun – the five principles of relationships”, “Xiao – filial piety”, “Ren – patience”. In the second half of the XX century, the New Year's picture is developing as an agitational poster. Under the influence of European painting and modern political processes in Chinese society, artists began to use a new artistic method - revolutionary realism on purpose to illuminate sociopolitical events, propagandize government tasks and resolutions. The basic principles of painting the New Year’s picture are the decorative character (the brightness of colors, the rhythmic combination of color spots), the hyperbolism and idealization of images, the folklore basis of plots and the conventional symbolic-metaphoric language.
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Грачева, С. М. "Creative mutual influences of contemporary St. Petersburg and Chinese artists." Iskusstvo Evrazii [The Art of Eurasia], no. 4(23) (December 29, 2021): 86–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.46748/arteuras.2021.04.007.
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Конец ХХ – XXI век — период активного взаимодействия России и Китая в сфере искусства. Китайское изобразительное искусство испытало серьезное влияние русской академической школы и традиций русского реализма в целом. Современная российская живопись также обогащается элементами китайского искусства, поскольку в последние десятилетия чрезвычайно расширились культурные контакты, которые влияют на творчество отечественных художников. В петербургском искусстве происходят интересные процессы взаимодействия и взаимовлияния разных культур. Петербург становится центром пересечения Востока и Запада. Эти изменения касаются даже такой устойчивой школы, как академическая, связанной с традициями реалистического искусства. Этот феномен нуждается в изучении. Особую роль в художественном взаимообмене играет современная петербургская академическая школа. Новизна данного исследования состоит в изучении некоторых явлений китайской культурной жизни, связанных с влиянием петербургского искусства, и в выявлении взаимовлияний, которые обнаруживаются в творчестве китайских и петербургских мастеров живописи. В статье использованы методы компаративного анализа, наблюдения, интервьюирования для определения общих закономерностей развития искусства двух стран. Современные петербургские художники, представляющие академическую школу, чрезвычайно востребованы в Китае, многократно там бывали и сотрудничают на разных уровнях с представителями культурной общественности. Китайские коллекционеры и деятели искусства активно сотрудничают с художниками и разрабатывают интересные проекты. Во время пандемии в 2019–2020 годы реальные контакты между странами сократились, но переместились в виртуальное пространство, теперь многие образовательные и культурные программы проходят в дистанционном режиме. Творческие связи не ослабевают, и это дает надежду на дальнейшее развитие культурного сотрудничества на всех уровнях. The end of the 20th and the 21st century is a period of active interaction between Russia and China in the field of art. Chinese fine art has been seriously influenced by the Russian academic school and the traditions of Russian realism in general. Modern Russian painting is also enriched with elements of Chinese art, since cultural contacts that influence the art of domestic artists have expanded enormously in recent decades. Interesting processes of interaction and mutual influence of different cultures take place in Petersburg art. St. Petersburg becomes the center of the intersection of East and West. These changes concern even such a stable school as the academic one, connected with the traditions of realistic art. This phenomenon needs to be studied. A special role in the artistic interchange is played by the modern St. Petersburg academic school. The novelty of this research consists in studying some phenomena of Chinese cultural life associated with the influence of St. Petersburg art and in identifying mutual influences that are found in the works of Chinese and St. Petersburg masters of painting. The article uses methods of comparative analysis, observation, and interviewing to identify common patterns of the development of art in the two countries. Contemporary St. Petersburg artists representing the academic school are extremely in demand in China, have been there many times and cooperate at various levels with representatives of the cultural community. Chinese art-collectors and artists actively cooperate with artists and develop interesting projects. During the pandemic, real contacts between countries decreased, but moved to the virtual space. Now many educational and cultural programs are held remotely. Creative ties do not weaken and this gives hope for the further development of cultural cooperation at all levels.
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Wang, Yu, and Zhengding Liao. "Porcelain interior plastic of the 1950s in museums and private collections in China." Issues of Museology 12, no. 1 (2021): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2021.106.
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In the two decades since the establishment of the people’s Republic of China, the challenges facing porcelain production have changed significantly. Porcelain production is one of the most important and oldest traditions in China. In the 1950s, porcelain craftsmen became involved in the creation of new forms of interior plastics. Many of the pieces they created are now part of museum collections and represent the history of the development of Chinese interior porcelain. Using the example of three museums and three reference monuments, the article examines the key trends in the development of porcelain art and stylistic changes that occurred during this period. The following museums have been selected as examples to showcase the specifics of Chinese porcelain art from this period: the China Ceramic and Porcelain Museum located in Jingdezhen City, which is the country’s first major art museum specializing in ceramics; the Chinese Fine Arts Museum in Beijing, which specializes in collecting, researching and displaying works of Chinese artists of modern and contemporary eras; and the Guangdong Folk Art Museum, which specializes in collecting, researching and displaying Chinese folk art. All of these museums are engaged in collecting porcelain, including interior porcelain plastics from the mid-20th century. In the collections of the aforementioned museums, three works were selected for analysis. These are three paired compositions created in the second half of the 1950s: the sculpture “An Old Man and a Child with a Peach” by Zeng Longsheng, “Good Aunt from the Commune” by Zhou Guozhen and “Fifteen coins. The rat case” by Lin Hongxi. These porcelain compositions reveal close relations with Chinese national culture and not only reflect various scenes, but are also aimed at expanding the role of porcelain in decorating residential interiors.
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Chen, Yuxin. "“High the Mountain, Long the River”." Columbia Journal of Asia 1, no. 1 (April 26, 2022): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/cja.v1i1.9275.
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In 1988, the Shanghai Animation Film Studio produced a 19-minute short film Shanshui qing 山水情, known in English as Feeling from Mountain and Water. Devoid of dialogue, the film recounts the friendship between an elderly musician and a young fisherwoman. The last of the Studio’s ink-wash animation project, Feeling from Mountain and Water transfers the visuality of traditional Chinese landscape paintings to the cinematic format. My paper focuses on this market-reform-era production and examines the little-discussed afterlife of landscape art in the medium of animation. Conjoining visual analyses, animators’ self-accounts, and existing literature on 20th-century Chinese art, I aim to resituate Feeling from Mountain and Water in the historical juncture when it was created. Specifically, I argue that instead of a forced resurrection of traditional aesthetic, the film belongs to an unbroken artistic lineage in the Chinese landscape tradition, complicates the issue of “the artist’s hand” in Chinese pictorial art, as well as reflects the ever-changing political and economic climate from the Republican era to the age of the market reforms.
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Kostova-Panayotova, Magdalena. "“T H E L A N G U A G E S” O F T H E L I T E R A R Y W O R K." Ezikov Svyat volume 18 issue 2, ezs.swu.v18i2 (June 30, 2020): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v18i2.10.
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The work of François Cheng – a writer, poet, calligrapher, essayist, academician of Chinese origin and laureate of the French Francophone Academy is undoubtedly part of the cross-cultural literature of the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, when writers and poets from different, in this case Eastern background, like Yoko Tawada, Anna Moi, Amy Tan, Salman Rushdie, Haruki Murakami and others, have adopted the cross-cultural perspective of the migrant, the person who finds oneself in a context in which one begins to make sense of the living world by reading the foreign signs, comparing cultures and traditions, and translating the foreign culture in a particular way. The term “cross-cultural” literature will be used here in its sense that the writer and researcher G. Chkhartishvili associates with the new cultural phenomenon he calls “androgynous”, “East-Western literature” (Chkhartishvili, 1996). What, I would argue, is common to these artists is the rejection of the dual East - West model of culture, or, in Sánchez’ words, “the challenging of the bipolar models” (Sánchez, 2014, p. 55), the rejection of barriers and boundaries, because the cultures placed on both sides of such barriers are perceived either in terms of their own essential characteristics, or in ways that go beyond the proposed divisions.
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Yu, Hongbing. "Editorial: What is semiotics but a series of modeling." Chinese Semiotic Studies 17, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/css-2021-2032.
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Abstract The present issue of Chinese Semiotic Studies is published in memory of Thomas A. Sebeok. Sebeok was not only a master semiotician, but more importantly a grand artist in semiotics. As one of the most important contemporary figures in semiotics, linguistics, ethnology, and cultural studies, Sebeok made profound contributions to the progress of global semiotics through his distinguished theoretical achievements and promotional activities. His works have proven to be so relevant that they continue to exert a determinative influence and provide directions for the development of semiotics and its many subdivisions, especially biosemiotics, beyond the 20th century. Now, 21 years into the present century, during which semiotic studies around the world have made remarkable progress, it is about time to highlight some specific ways in which his contributions will continue to shape and guide semiotic studies, demonstrating the relevance of these contributions to the 21st century challenges. To this end, this special issue presents some up-to-date and informed studies that explore Sebeok’s contributions to semiotics and their vital implications for fundamental problems relevant to humanity as a semiotic animal in the present day and in the rest of this century and beyond.
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Burganova, Maria A. "LETTER FROM THE EDITOR." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 17, no. 5 (December 10, 2021): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2021-17-5-8-9.
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Dear readers, We are pleased to present to you Issue 5, 2021, of the scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The Space of Culture. Upon the recommendation of the Expert Council of the Higher Attestation Commission, the journal is included in the List of Leading Peer-reviewed Scientific Journals and Publications in which the main scientific results of theses for the academic degrees of doctor and candidate of science must be published. The journal publishes scientific articles by leading specialists in various humanitarian fields, doctoral students, and graduate students. Research areas concern topical problems in multiple areas of culture, art, philology, and linguistics. This versatility of the review reveals the main specificity of the journal, which represents the current state of the cultural space. The journal traditionally opens with the Academic Interview rubric. In this issue, we present an interview with Alexander Burganov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Arts, an outstanding Russian sculptor, National Artist of Russia, Doctor of Art History, Professor, Director of the Burganov House Moscow State Museum, interviewed by Irina Sedova, the Head of the 20th Century Sculpture Department of the State Tretyakov Gallery. This dialogue became part of the sculptor’s creative evening at the State Tretyakov Gallery, which included a personal exhibition, donation of the sculptural work Letter, screening of a special film and a dialogue with the audience in the format of an interactive interview. In the article “The Apocalypse Icon from the Kremlin’s Assumption Cathedral. Dating and Historical Context”, T. Samoilova points out the similarities between some motifs of the Apocalypse iconography and the motifs of Botticelli’s illustrations to the Divine Comedy, as well as the role of a line in both artworks which testifies to the influence of the Renaissance art on icon painting of the late 15th — early 16th centuries. Studying palaeography and stylistic features of the icon, the author clarifies the dates and believes that the icon was most likely painted after 1500, in the first decade of the 16th century. P. Tsvetkova researches the features of the development of the Palladian architectural system in Italy, in the homeland of Andrea Palladio. On the examples of specific monuments, drawings and projects created during two and a half centuries, the author analyses the peculiarities of the style transformation in the work of Palladio’s followers, the continuity of tradition, deviations from canonical rules. In the article “Artistic Features of the Northern White Night Motif in the Landscapes of Alexander Borisov and Louis Apol”, I. Yenina conducts art analysis and compares the works of the Russian “artist of eternal ice”, A. Borisov, and the Dutch “winter artist”, L. Apol. They were the first to depict such a phenomenon as a white night in the Far North. V. Slepukhin studies the artworks of the first decades of the Soviet era in the article “Formation of the Image of a New Hero in Russian Art of 1920- 1930”. The author concludes that the New Hero in the plastic arts of the 1920s–1930s was formed as a reflection of social ideals. The avant-garde artists searched for the Hero’s originality in the images of aviators, peasants, women. The artists of socialist realism began to form the images of the “typical” heroes of the time — warriors, athletes, rural workers, scientists, as new “people of the Renaissance”. In the article “Dialogues of the Avant-garde”, A. N. Lavrentyev presents a comparative analysis of spatial constructions created by the Russian Avant-Garde Artist Alexander Rodchenko and the famous kinetic European and American artist Alexander Calder in the first half of the 20th century. Wei Xiao continues his analysis of contemporary art in the article “Chinese Sculpture in the New Era”. The author notes that the art of sculpture is in many ways a reflection of social change, both in terms of cultural content and practice. The author emphasises the need for cultural identity to preserve national traditions and spirituality. Xu Yanping’s article “The Dynamics of the Choral Culture Development in China in the 1930s on the Example of Huang Tzi’s Oratorio Eternal Regret” is a scientific study of a particular phase of the active entry of Chinese choral music into the sphere of the oratorio genre, directly related to the name of the great Chinese composer, Huang Tzi. It also highlights the issues of the country’s political life in the 1930s, which actively influenced the creation of nationwide singing movements and new choral works in the country. The author believes that the oratorio Eternal Regret presented in the article is a unique creation that organically combines ethnic musical material and Western composition techniques. The publication is addressed to professionals specialising in the theory and practice of the fine arts and philology and all those interested in the arts and culture.
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Odinokova, P. S. "To the Problem of Attribution of the Albums Ten Landscapes and Travelling Along the River [Painted by] Shitao." Art & Culture Studies, no. 2 (June 2021): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51678/2226-0072-2021-2-122-139.
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The article is devoted to the albums Ten Landscapes and Travelling Along the River [Painted by] Shitao, attributed to Shitao (1642–1707), a famous Chinese artist and theorist of painting in beginning of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). The aim of the article is to estab- lish authenticity of the albums. The album Ten Landscapes is in the collection of the State Museum of Oriental Art (Moscow). In 2015 one leaf from it was displayed at the exhibition Classical Painting of China. After visual evaluation and the analysis of painting, calligraphy and seals the author came to conclusion that the album Ten Landscapes could not be the original work of Shitao. It is probably the copy of another album Travelling Along the River [Painted by] Shitao. The latter was very famous among the connoisseur’s circles at the beginning of the 20th century. Therefore, its authenticity is also the subject of scientific discussion. Some of Chinese experts and researchers regard the album Travelling Along the River [Painted by] Shitao as the best example of Shitao’s painting. Others question its authenticity. The author of the article gives arguments to confirm the latter point of view.
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Бурова, Александра Сергеевна. "The development of folk art prints in Yangjiabu Village, Shandong Province, China." ТРАДИЦИОННАЯ КУЛЬТУРА, no. 2 (November 11, 2019): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26158/tk.2019.20.3.004.
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В статье рассматриваются художественные аспекты китайского лубочного промысла в д. Янцзябу близ г. Вэйфан, уезд Вэйсянь, провинция Шаньдун. Данный центр находится на пересечении торговых путей между севером и югом, что позволило его мастерам знакомиться с творчеством своих коллег из других регионов. В результате мы наблюдаем интереснейший путь от прямого копирования до формирования оригинального местного стиля, образов и художественных приемов. В наши дни, на фоне стремительного технического прогресса и социальных изменений в обществе, каждый народный промысел находит свои оригинальные пути развития и сохранения прежних традиций. Информация, содержащаяся в статье, знакомит читателей с новейшим этапом истории развития лубочного промысла во второй половине XX - начале XXI в. Основой исследования стали материалы, собранные автором в экспедиции по центрам народных промыслов провинции Шаньдун в апреле 2015 г., а также китайские издания последних лет, посвященные китайской народной картине. Новизна приводимых материалов заключается в том, что ранее подробная информация о данном центре на русском языке не публиковалась. This article examines artistic aspects of Yangjiabu folk prints (Weifang City, Weixian County, Shandong Province). Yangjiabu is located at the intersection of trade routes between the north and the south, which has allowed its artists to become acquainted with the work of their colleagues from other regions. As a result, we see an interesting development from direct copying to a synthesis of local styles, borrowed images and artistic techniques. Nowadays, when we live in a world of rapid technological progress and social change, every folk craft finds its own ways to develop and preserve its traditions. This article introduces the latest stage in the history of the folk print industry, from the second half of the 20th - early 21st century. It is based on materials the author collected on an expedition to the centers of folk crafts in Shandong province in April 2015, as well as on recent Chinese publications devoted to folk painting. Information about this center of folk prints has not previously been published in Russian.
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Demchenko, Alexander I. "The Great Saratov Triad of the Early 20th Century." ICONI, no. 3 (2019): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33779/2658-4824.2019.3.052-064.
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Saratov is justifiably called one of the most significant centers of the artistic culture of the Russian Near-Volga Region. When analyzing the condition of that domain of the plastic arts represented by painting and graphics, it is necessary to state that during the course of the entire 19th century (not to mention the previous century) the figures of the artists were merely episodic: Jean Baptiste Savin, a Frenchman in his origin (famous for his portraits and watercolors), watercolor painter Maria Zhukova, Andrei Godin (who was the first teacher of Mikhail Vrubel) and Feodor Vassiliev (the first instructor of Victor Borisov-Musatov), portraitists and church painters Lev Igorev and Nikolai Rossov. For the most part, the artists who worked beyond the confines of Saratov were its natives, who were veritably well-known artists – Vassily Zhuravlev and Alexei Kharlamov. The high flourishing of painting in Saratov at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century was prepared by the activities of Hector Baracchi, originally from Italy, and graduate from the St. Petersburg Academy of the Arts Vassily Konovalov. They exerted a decisive influence on the local artistic school, the main representatives of which were Victor Borisov-Musatov, Pavel Kuznetsov, Piotr Utkin, Alexander Savinov, Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin (a native of Khvalynsk), as well as sculptor Alexander Matveyev. However, there were three names which have become the most “celebrated” for Saratov, which led the brilliant assemblage of remarkable artists pertaining to the visual arts and were in the vanguard of the so-called era of “cultural boom,” as the high artistic accomplishments of the late 19th and early 20th century are sometimes referred to. They are Victor Borisov-Musatov, Pavel Kuznetsov and Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin. The present essay is devoted to them.
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Song, Tian. "Composer – Artist: The role of pianist Hsu Fei Ping in the creative activity of Huang An Lun." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 50, no. 50 (October 3, 2018): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-50.04.
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Background. The article is dedicated to the creative communication of two outstanding Chinese musicians – a pianist Hsu Fei Ping and a composer Huang An Lun. Complete mutual understanding facilitated their communication. Practically in all his programs, the pianist included the music of Western European and Chinese composers. Critics especially noted that Hsu Fei-Ping had the musical penetration, brilliance and poetry of interpretations. Among many Chinese pianists, he was recognized as the best interpreter of piano works by Huang An Lun. This musician has a special role in the work of Huan An Lun, being not only the “addressee” and the first performer, but also the inspirer of many composer’s opuses. The context of the creative intercourse of Huang An Lun and Hsu Fei Ping is also interesting because some of the composer’s works were written on the initiative of the outstanding Chinese pianist. Objectives. The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of the outstanding pianist Hsu Fei Ping in the creativity of Huang An Lun and the features of his performing interpretation the composer’s piano works. Methods. The research methodology necessary for disclosure of the selected theme is based on an integrated scientific approach combining the principles of musical-theoretical and performing analysis. Results. Hsu Fei-Ping is rightfully regarded as one of the most brilliant Chinese pianists who made themselves known in the 20th century. In this paper the life and career of the musician is considered, a general assessment of his creative achievements is given. It is argued that the creative cooperation and friendship of Hsu Fei-Ping with his compatriot and peer Huang An-Lun was due to life circumstances. The fate of both musicians had many common “points of intersection”: both musicians were of the same age, both in their youth showed uncommon interest in learning national and western musical art. The Cultural Revolution became a tragic watershed in their lives, which, however, made it possible to get even closer to the folklore environment and to feel the pain and suffering of the Chinese people at that time. Both musicians left China in the 1970s, having received education and achieved success in developed western countries: Hsu Fei-Ping – in the USA, Huang An Lun – in Canada. It is quite natural that the communication of such bright individuals, who have gone through the difficult path of development, provided an opportunity for mutual creative enrichment. The pianist promoted Huang An-Lun’s piano music in Israel, the USA, Canada, Russia and other countries, recorded CDs with works by the composer. In 2001, in Shanghai, and then in Hong Kong, discs with a recording of the piano cycle of Huang An-Lun’s “30 Pieces in the Popular Cybei Style” were released. In the same year, he recorded in Moscow the disc with Third Dance Poem, op. 40, by Huang An Lun. Hsu Pei Fing played the piece at the Rubinstein International Piano Competition in Israel, where he became the winner. In 1990, the piece by Huang An Lun created a similar sensation at a festival dedicated to the music of contemporary composers at the Walter Concert Hall in Toronto. A few years later, Hsu Pei Fing performed the piece at Carnegie Hall in New York. The largest composition by Huang An-Lun dedicated to Hsu Pei-Fing was Concerto No. 2 in C minor op. 57 for piano and orchestra. Its premiere took place on June 12, 1999 at the stage of the Shanghai Music Hall. The Shanghai Symphony Orchestra was conducted by Huang An-Lun himself, the piano part was performed by Hsu Fei-Ping. With the Russian Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Konstantin Krymets, the pianist performed the second edition of the Concerto. The poem for piano and orchestra “Gulangyuy” op. 66 was written in memory of Hsu Fei Ping. The composer embodied in music the image of the birthplace of the outstanding Chinese pianist, Gulangyu Island, also known as “Piano Island”. Conclusions. Hsu Fei-Ping was for Huang An-Lun a kind of “beacon” in the field of piano music. Most of the composer’s piano works were focused on the phenomenal pianism of his friend. Being an outstanding performer of the West European classical and romantic repertoire, Hsu Fei Ping remained in the memory of musicians, first of all, as the inspirer and the best interpreter of piano works by Huang An Lun. The image of this remarkable pianist is captured in “Dance Poem No. 3” op. 40, Concert No. 2 in C minor op. 57, Poem for piano and orchestra “Gulangyuy” op. 66. Hsu Fei Ping brilliantly embodied in his performance one of the main ideas of the work of Huang An-Lun – the theme of man’s collision with forces of reality hostile to him. At the core of his performing drama is the conflict between the sinister, aggressive and lyrically quivering human beginning. It is represented by the pianist through the sound realization of various types of melodies, rhythms, textures, and the richest timbre palette. Hsu Fei Ping’s deep interpretations of Huang An Lun’s music, built on maximum polarization of images and expressive means, are the best confirmation of the mutual enrichment of the artistic worlds of two musicians, whose creative ways and convictions evolved in a similar way, which allowed them to understand each other completely.
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Brunetti, Dimitri. "Artists' archives." JLIS.it 13, no. 2 (May 5, 2022): 174–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-468.
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In the last few years, artists' archives have gained a central role in the debate on the nature, treatment and valorization of 20th century and contemporary archives. They are fascinating and precious aggregations, characterized by a plurality of documentary typologies and by specific requirements for their description. Starting from the definition of personal archives, the paper proposes a definition of artists' archives and then attempts to indicate their main characteristics, contents and elements of complexity. Finally, the paper attempts to establish a dialogue between archivists and artists, collectors, gallery owners, critics and curators in order to find common elements and differences in their actions. -
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Bell, Janis C., and Wendy Slatkin. "Women Artists in History: From Antiquity to the 20th Century." Woman's Art Journal 7, no. 2 (1986): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1358308.
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Gabriel, Galina Nikolaevna. "Leningrad artists «Ceramics World» in second half of 20th century." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture 4 (December 2017): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2017-4-139-143.
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Goh, Younghee. "Food Prose of 20th Century Chinese Intellectuals." Journal of Chinese Studies 101 (August 30, 2022): 357–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35982/jcs.101.14.
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Rycroft, Simon. "Art and micro-cosmos: kinetic art and mid-20th-century cosmology." cultural geographies 19, no. 4 (August 16, 2012): 447–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474474012447538.
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Recent work by cultural geographers on visual art has emphasized performative and participatory aspects focusing upon the embodied and multi-sensory experience of encountering and being part of a work of art. Research on non-figurative art has much to offer in elucidating the relationships and distinctions between representation, non-representation and abstraction. Non figurative artists were representing or enacting a new kind of materiality, one that was putative, in process and ever changing. That materiality was based upon the adoption of a mid-20th-century cosmology and inspired by recent advances in the understanding of matter and the universe. Kinetic art, which is characterized by a set of abstract aesthetics that represent or reproduce real or illusory movement, was, especially in the post-war period, inspired by this new cosmology. Mid-century kinetic artists created non-figurative abstract models of the latest understandings to bring their associated energies, forces and motions to the senses of the viewer-participant. The models that kinetic artists produced in a variety of media were designed to be experienced in an embodied manner rather than simply viewed. These and other models of a mid-century cosmology signify a period in which the practices of representation were shifting significantly and consequently demand our attention.
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White, Moira. "Mid-20th century British ceramics in Aotearoa." Tuhinga 33 (November 2, 2022): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/tuhinga.33.82337.
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Over 1949–1951 the Association of Friends of the Otago Museum purchased approximately 100 pieces of contemporary ceramic work described by them at the time as representing the best current English potters – work they felt would have a lasting value. Muriel Rose, the Crafts and Industrial Design Officer at the British Council, made the selection on their behalf and arranged transport. The group included work from Bernard Leach, the Leach Pottery, Michael Cardew, Katherine Pleydell-Bouverie, Steven Sykes, Henry Hammond and Margaret Leach, as well as Wetheriggs Pottery and examples of work from commercial factories, particularly Wedgwood, who employed highly regarded graphic artists. In 1951, HD Skinner suggested to Robert Falla, director of the Dominion Museum, that they share this group. This paper examines the acquisition as a whole, its background, and the logistics of the division between the two institutions.
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Alimkulova, Dilzoda. "National Institute of Art and Design named after Kamoliddin Behzod." History Research Journal 5, no. 4 (August 29, 2019): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7134.
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The art of Uzbekistan of the first decade of 20th century (1920-30s) is worthily recognized as the brightest period in history of Uzbek national art. We may observe big interest among the artwork which was created during the years of Independence of Uzbekistan towards the art of 20th century and mainly it may be seen in form, style, idea and semantics. Despite the significant gap between the 20th century art tendencies and Independence period, there is very big influence of avant-garde style in works of such artists as Javlon Umarbekov, Akmal Ikramjanov, Alisher Mirzaev, Tokhir Karimov, Daima Rakhmanbekova and others.
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Shalyha, O. "UKRAINIAN FINE ART IN CANADA (SECOND HALF OF THE 20th CENTURY)." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 136 (2018): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2018.136.1.18.
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The article highlights the process of incipience of Ukrainian fine art in Canada. During the second half of the 20th century the Ukrainian diaspora created its own art and multiplied traditional Ukrainian art. Unfortunately, the achievements of the Ukrainian diaspora as a rule aren’t well-known to Ukrainian scientific community. The names of these people have filled up the treasury of spiritual values not only in Ukraine or Canada, but worldwide. Ukrainian artists from Canada have created artistic values reflecting the progress of the world’s fine art and have retained the best traditions of native schools. The article contains information about such organizations as the Ukrainian Association of visual artists of Canada, the Ukrainian-Canadian Art Foundation, the Alberta Council for Ukrainian Art. The article also highlights life and artistic journey of V. Kurilyk, M. Dmitrenko, Leo Mol, G. Novakivska, O. Lesyuk, M. Antoniv.
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Lipczik, Agata. "Od imitacji do kreacji. Biżuteria sztuczna w 1 poł. XX wieku." Załącznik Kulturoznawczy, no. 6 (2019): 247–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zk.2019.6.12.
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The article discusses the production of costume jewellery in the first half of the 20th century. During this period, the jewellery made of less expensive materials has undergone a revolution in terms of its function. In the 20th century, the adornments ceased to be only imitations of precious gems and gradually gained their own identity. Promoted by Coco Chanel and, later on, by other French fashion designers, costume jewellery has become an independent genre of body ornament. Due to its lower production costs, Agata Lipczik designers could experiment with various materials, giving free rein to artistic imagination. Costume jewellery was often designed by artists previously professionally associated with leading jewellery houses offering traditional jewellery. At the same time, the artists who later on worked in well-known jewellery companies, had been collecting their first experiences by designing costume jewellery. The two jewellery worlds constantly influenced each other, provoking themselves to develop. This trend was particularly noticeable in the USA where the production of costume jewellery has been a very important industry since the beginning of the 20th century
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Schleicher, Alexander. "Museum of Contemporary Art by Artists." Advanced Engineering Forum 12 (November 2014): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.12.79.
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Museum is type of building which among architectural work occupies a special place by its distinct function of documenting existence and progress of humankind, society and their environment. This is reflected in the outstanding architecture of these buildings. 95% of museum buildings arose after World War II. This authorizes us to talk about the museum as a “20th century phenomenon“ especially of the second half of it. The unprecedented growth of museums after World War II – most of them are museums of art, especially contemporary art – entitles a question which is often discussed: What is an ideal museum like as an object serving for exhibiting art and what does an ideal exhibition space for contemporary art look like? This question had only been discussed among architects and museologists for a long time. According to the nature of contemporary art and because of the fact that alongside these two determinants the exhibiting artists who actively influence exhibition space and form the final spirit of the exhibition became an important element in creation of the museum; the question what is the artists’ vision of the ideal museum is poignant. Answer to that question can be given by concepts of the ideal museum of contemporary art from the end of the 20th century created by artists. The “Bilderbude” concept by Georg Baselitz, two projects “Ideales Museum” by Gottfried Honegger, “A Place Apart” by Marcia Hafif and also concepts of museums or opinions on a museum of contemporary art by other artists provide an idea of how the artists deal with and look on this problematic. The issue of museum of contemporary art perceived by the optics of artists definitely represents an interesting example of connecting functionality demanded by the artists, significant author’s approach and philosophical ideas concerning the ideal museum of contemporary art. Museum Concepts – Thinking about Museum Museum concepts from the beginning of existence of museum buildings (in some cases even before considering a museum an individual specialized object or an institution) provide us the notice about the main themes which the actors of this problematic were dealing with at that time. While at the beginning in the museum concepts we can trace the effort to define an individual type of a museum building, an ideal museum; then we can see searching for a form which would be adequate to the building expression. Later especially in the 20th century until nowadays there have been solved more specific problems concerning the growth of the museum collections, expanding the functional structure of the museum, shape and form of the exhibition space etc. The museum topic such important personalities as for example Étienne-Louis Boullée, Le Corbusier or Ludwig Mies van der Rohe brought their contribution. The 20th century especially the 2nd half of it, if we do not only consider the narrow present scope, brought an unseen growth of museum architecture. 95% of museums arose after the World War II. [1] A great part of museums which were built in this period are museums of art, often presenting modern or contemporary art. This fact - emerging of such an amount of museums of contemporary art together with the changed form of visual art in the 20th century – the importance of depicting and documenting function of art, which until then visual art besides the aesthetical function was satisfying started to decrease, the artist were engaged in new themes, they experimented with new methods etc. – brings increasing effort of the artists to influence the final form of the exhibition spaces in the means of their specific demands and also to influence the form of the general form of the museum building. The artists more and more actively participate at creating the museum, they influence the form of the exhibition space and the exhibition itself – unlike in the past, when the museologist, curator was creating the exhibition by choosing from the collection, which he had at disposal and the exhibition was formed by them relatively independently from the artists – authors of the exhibits. The first artistic experiments, which balance on the edge of visual art and museum, have been occurring since the 20-ties of the 20th century – let’s mention for example El Lissitzky (Proun room, 1923), Kurt Schwitters (Merbau, 1923-37) or Marcel Duchamp (Boîte-en-valise, 1935-41), and they persist until nowadays. In the 70-ties Brian O`Doherty analyses from the point of view of an art theoretician but also an active artist the key exhibition space of the 2nd half of the 20th century, which he characteristically identifies as White Cube. Donald Judd – artist and at the same time a hostile critic of contemporary museum architecture (70-ties-80-ties) formulated his uncompromising point of view to the museum architecture as follows: “Forms’ for their own sake, despite function, are ridiculous. One reason art museums are so popular with architects and so bizarre, is that they must think there is no function, the clients too, since to them art is meaningless. Museums have become an exaggerated, distorted and idle expression for their architects, most of whom are incapable of expression.“ In another text he posed the question: “Why are artists and sculptors not asked how to construct this type of building?“ [2] As we can see the artists’ opinion who seem to stay unheard in the museum and their needs stay unnoticed has full legitimacy and is very interesting for the problematic of museum and exhibition space. Beginning in the 70-ties of the 20th century these opinions are given more and more precise contours. While O’Doherty only comes with a theoretical essay on exhibition space (1976), D. Judd already presents his own idea of a museum even realised through the Marfa complex in Texas (1979/1986). Let’s mention some other artists who form their ideas of an ideal museum in form of unrealised concepts. Some authors name their proposals after a bearing idea of their concept; others call them directly ideal, in the same way as it was in the beginning of the history of museum. Contemporary Art Museum Concepts by Artists Georg Baselitz: Bilderbude.
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Moody, Ivan. "Mensagens: Portuguese Music in the 20th Century." Tempo, no. 198 (October 1996): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200005313.
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These lines of Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935), the great poet of Portuguese modernism, may seem at first sight to invoke the principal element of fado, Portugal's national music: the element represented by that famously untranslatable word suadade, implying longing, nostalgia, homesickness … However, they hide far deeper resonances. Mensagen (Message), the poetic sequence from which they come, is a profound exploration of Portugal's history, a modern counterpart to Camoens's great 16th-century epic The Lusiads. It is connected to the nationalist Integralismo Lusitano movement, and to Sebastianism. Other poets, particularly Mario Sa-Carneiro (1890–1916), and plastic artists, notably Amadeo de Sousa Cardoso (1887–1918) and Jose de Almada Negreiros (1893–1970), similarly reflect the strength of these patriotic and mystical ideas in Portugal during the country's deepening social crisis in the early part of the century. But Pessoa, who famously split himself into several persons, each with their own name, style and poetic output, may also stand as a symbol of the different currents Portuguese composers have ridden in search of their national identity.
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Puerto, Cecilia. "Twentieth century Latin American women artists, discovery and record - a work in progress." Art Libraries Journal 20, no. 3 (1995): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200009457.
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The work of Latin American women artists is not adequately documented, nor is it sufficiently recognised in the major art reference works and bibliographies which thus fail to facilitate access even to documentation which is available in the USA. The author has been working towards a bibliographic apparatus that will bring together readily available sources on 20th century Latin American women artists. Much material has been found in the Art Exhibition Catalog collection in the Arts Library at the University of California at Santa Barbara. Two Cuban artists, Ana Mendieta and María Martínez-Cañas, are just two of some 200 artists from 20 countries represented in this project. (The revised text of a paper presented to the IFLA Section of Art Libraries at the IFLA General Conference at Havana, August 1995).
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La, MinhHang. "TEACHING CHINESE CHARACTER IN VIETNAM BEFORE 20TH CENTURY." Han-Character and Classical written language Education 37, no. 1 (May 30, 2015): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15670/hace.2015.37.1.119.
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Mishchenko, Iryna. "Nature and image: a city in the art of Chernivtsi of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st century." National Academy of Managerial Staff of Culture and Arts Herald, no. 2 (September 17, 2021): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32461/2226-3209.2.2021.239994.
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The purpose of this article is to consider the peculiarities of the reflection of the city – its architecture and inhabitants – in the works of Chernivtsi artists of the 20th and early 21st century, to analyze the differences between their views on the reproduction of urban motifs. The methodology consists in the application of the historical-chronological method, art analysis, and generalization, comparative and systematic approach. The scientific novelty lies in the introduction into scientific circulation of works by artists of the specified time, in understanding the evolution in the reflection of the city in the works of authors with various artistic orientations. Conclusions. In the paintings and graphics of the 20th – 21st centuries, several options for solving urban landscapes can be defined, among which the most common is a careful reflection of existing architectural monuments. In the 19th century in European art, in particular in Impressionist painting, the desire to convey not only the appearance but above all the spirit of the city became noticeable, depicting the townspeople, emphasizing the bustle or poetry of squares and streets. At the turn of the 20th-21st centuries the artists are no longer limited to the usual fixation of what is seen, but try to create a conceptual image of the city, to tell a story through iconic images and symbols, reveal their own position in particular and to preserve the authenticity of an object or the city in general. Such a variety of approaches for creating an urban landscape is partly due to differences in preferences formed during studies in art institutions and is also characteristic for the art of Chernivtsi – a city where people of many nationalities with different cultural traditions have lived side by side for centuries. Ultimately, the artists who worked here in the 20th century were often graduates not only of Ukrainian schools or universities, but also of well-known European institutions, including Vienna, Munich, Florentine, Berlin, Kraków, or Bucharest academies. While in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century the city often appears as the sum of certain architectural structures in the works of artists of Bukovina and visiting masters (F. Emery, R. Bernt, J. Shubirs), in the second half of the 19th – first third of the 20th century the artists mostly try to recreate the dynamics of urban life instead, sometimes depicted with a touch of irony, using the grotesque in the image of the inhabitants (lithography and watercolors by F.-K. Knapp, O. Laske and G. Löwendal). Subsequently, we meet emphasized mood images, in which the author's subjective perception of a particular motive, which he seeks to reproduce in a work full of emotions, is important (L. Kopelman, G. Gorbaty). A peculiar historical retrospection is present in the exquisite graphics of O. Kryvoruchko and in the distilled-finished sheets of O. Lyubkivsky, and the lyrical watercolors and sketches of N. Yarmolchuk represent the non-festive side of the city center. In O. Litvinov's paintings Chernivtsi surprises with desolation and restraint, and in M. Rybachuk's paintings it is distinguished by an unexpected riot of colors. Therefore, each of the artists creates his own image of Chernivtsi, which landscapes often become only a stimulus for the author's imagination, allowing him to depict a completely individual sense of space and life of the city.
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Dane, William J. "Public art libraries and artists and designers: a symbiotic scheme for success." Art Libraries Journal 12, no. 3 (1987): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200005277.
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The inter-relationship between art librarians and artists/designers in the public library sector in America has been a reality since the early 20th century when libraries were organized into subject departments. This specialized clientele is eclectic and ranges from novices to the most accomplished artists and includes architects, art directors, illustrators, calligraphers, craftspeople and photographers in addition to painters, sculptors and graphic artists. Materials and services in public art libraries are highly diversified and the literature of other disciplines is also readily available. The increase in art exhibitions and special collections is noted in addition to a new focus on information for career opportunities, art law and the handicapped. Current developments set the stage for the continuing symbiotic relationship between public art librarians and artists/designers into the 21st century.
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Chernysheva, Anna Igorevna. "N. N. Zeddeler and A. P. Somova-Zeddeler: the forgotten names of early 20th century Russian art. Japonism in Russian printmaking at the beginning of 20th century." Secreta Artis 5, no. 1 (June 9, 2022): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51236/2618-7140-2022-5-1-6-23.
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The term japonism refers to a movement within 20th-century Russian art that has so far been insufficiently explored. In the meantime, its popularity at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries coincided with the extraordinary blossoming of Russian color printmaking. N. N. Zeddeler and A. P. Somova were among those artists, who, along such revered masters like A. P. Ostroumova-Lebedeva and V. D. Falileeva, made a substantial contribution to the development of this art style. To date, their work has not received close attention from researchers. Likewise, there is no literature that would provide a systematic analysis of their legacy, save for brief mentions in the periodic press of that period or publications dedicated to exhibitions of 1900-1910s, in which the artists took part. N. N. Zeddeler and A. P. Somova-Zeddeler were well-known in the Russian and European artistic circles at the beginning of the century. Having acquired their education in Munich and Paris, they produced an oeuvre that fit perfectly into the context of early 20th century art and added essential touches to the aesthetic vision of the world emerging at that time. However, the work of these masters was not met with the appreciation it deserved and was eventually forgotten. It is worth noting that the task of mapping out the full biography of both artists appears to be extremely challenging due to a variety of reasons: their departure from artistic practice after the outbreak of the First World War, fragmentary and meager archival material, a small number of works that have survived till our time, the tragic and difficult fate of N. N. Zeddeler and A. P. Somova-Zeddeler… Thus, the purpose of the article is to fill in one of the gaps in the Russian history of art of the 20th century. The author examines the engravings by N. N. Zeddeler and A. P. Somova-Zeddeler from the collection of the Pushkin Museum created between 1900 and 1910, which were previously not studied by researchers.
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Portnova, Irina V. "Russian Animalistic Art of the 20th Century as a Special Kind of Fine Art." Observatory of Culture 18, no. 5 (October 29, 2021): 486–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2021-18-5-486-495.
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This article aims at analyzing the genre features of the 20th century animalistic art as a special, original phenomenon of Russian artistic culture. There are highlighted the aspects that make up its content basis. The author considers the issues of human perception of an animal, attitude to it, the system of views on the world of flora and fauna, the methods of interpretation of animals and birds. Together, they form the specific characteristics of animalistic art, which appeared in their organized and integral form in the 20th century. The article is relevant because the relationship between human and nature is being more and more re-evaluated, which is why the ideological features and the system of views of the 20th century artists are getting increasingly important (in particular, in the historical and artistic aspect).Animalistic art, having become noticeable as a genre already in the 18th century, passed through the entire 19th century, and crystallized in the 20th century in the most characteristic, typical features in various types of fine arts (graphics, painting, sculpture and their varieties). There is no doubt that among other genres of fine art, animalistic art is an original visual and plastic phenomenon that is fundamentally different from the art that depicts a person. The article notes that the complexity of animalistic art lies in the properties of human perception, which is prone to subjective evaluation and, accordingly, gives an animal human traits. The principle of “imitation” of nature, the study of nature, being constantly followed by artists, pointed to the overcoming of the subjective moment and became the leading one in composing the figurative concept of an animal.
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Tsoumas, Johannis. "Traditional Japanese pottery and its influence on the American mid 20th century ceramic art." Matèria. Revista internacional d'Art, no. 18-19 (September 16, 2021): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/materia2021.18-19.6.
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The Japanese ceramic tradition that was to emerge along with other forms of traditional crafts through the Mingei Movement during the interwar period, as a form of reaction to the barbaric and expansive industrialization that swept Japan from the late nineteenth century, brought to light the traditional, moral, philosophical, functional, technical and aesthetic values that had begun to eliminate. Great Japanese artists, art critics and ceramists, such as Soetsu Yanagi and Shōji Hamada, as well as the emblematic personality of the English potter Bernard Leach, after caring for the revival of Japanese pottery, believed that they should disseminate the philosophy of traditional Japanese pottery around the world and especially in the post-war U.S.A. where it found a significant response from great American potters and clay artists, but also from the educational system of the country. This article aims to focus precisely on the significant influence that postwar American ceramic art received from traditional Japanese pottery ideals. The author in order to document the reasons for this new order of things, will study and analyze the work of important American potters and ceramic artists of the time, and will highlight the social, philosophical and cultural context of the time in which the whole endeavor took place.
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Tsyaomin, Mi. "Main Intersections in the Approaches of Russian and Chinese Artists to Chinese Landscapes Painting." Культура и искусство, no. 4 (April 2022): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.4.37855.
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The article is devoted to the study of Chinese landscapes painting by Chinese and Russian artists. Comparative analysis of landscape painting by Chinese and Russian artists dedicated to China allows to identify the most important trends and patterns in the methods of landscapes painting in Russia and China of the late XX в - early XXI century. The purpose of this study is to determine the main intersections in the approaches of artists of the two countries. The specificity of the artistic and expressive language of Chinese and Russian landscape artists in the embodiment of landscapes of China is determined primarily by the influence of the modern national school of painting, as well as the desire to develop and update existing traditions, finding inspiration in foreign experience, coming into contact with foreign culture and artistic tradition. The main conclusions of the study are that landscape painting by artists of Russia and China reveals similarities in formal terms: artists of both countries use techniques of both, realistic school and impressionism. Scientific novelty is determined by the fact that the mechanism of integration of the principles of realism and Western impressionism by Chinese painters is revealed. The author introduces an extensive body of artistic materials of Russian and Chinese painters into Russian science, notes that there are significant differences between the artists of the two countries.
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Getashvili, Nina V. "The Mediterranean as a Context and Concept in the Art of Modernism." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 18, no. 3 (June 10, 2022): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2022-18-3-52-63.
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The “imperious presence” of the region (Fernand Braudel’s words about the Mediterranean from the preface in his work The Mediterranean Sea and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip) has been clearly seen in the art of European modernist artists since the beginning of the 20th century. Braudel created his work not only following the methodology of the Annales school but also in the context of the pan-European historiosophical interest of his contemporaries, including artists, in the "region". However, in artists and writers’ understanding, it was Friedrich Nietzsche who marked the initial milestone, the special, significant role of the "Mediterranean" for the European culture of the 20th century. The main plots and names of the first direction, Fauvism, which appeared in the 20th century, with its attacking energy of primary colours, saturated with Mediterranean impressions made under the influence of Picasso's experiments with form, and shown in Daniel Kahnweiler’s gallery in 1908, caused a mocking name - cubism, serving as a starting point for this glorious art direction. Not only the corners of the northern coast but also the Maghreb countries impressed European artists with the "special" light of the Mediterranean. Also, through the prism of understanding, the article examines the role of the Mediterranean in the "call to order" movement and in the context of the antinomy of Nordicism and Greco-Latin civilisation. Examples from the works of representatives of Fauvism (Braque, Derain, Matisse), cubism, Maillol, Picasso, de Chirico, Dali, Klee are given, confirming this postulate. Many artists have chosen the Mediterranean coast as their home for many years, which is reflected in their creative work. Examples that make it possible to assert that the theme of the Mediterranean is firmly rooted in the semantic and formal concepts of modernism are provided. Reflected in works of art, they, in turn, become part of the overall picture of cultural syncretism in the unique environment of the region.
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Pawłowska, Aneta Joanna. "Visual text or "words-in-freedom" from Futurism through concrete poetry to electronic literature." Text and Image: Essential Problems in Art History, no. 1 (2019): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-4801.2019.1.06.
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The aim of the article is to present the changes which the literary text with visual values is subjected to. As the starting point of our intellectual considerations we chose the turning-point between 19th and 20th century, when as a result of artistic actions of such avant-garde artists as Guillaume Apollinaire, Stéphane Mallarmé, dramatic changes in the perception of the semantic meaning of poety occurred, which brought about the situation in which the visual structure of the text became quite essential. In the beginning of the 20th century the need for the necessary changes within the scope of literature and visual arts, were noticed by such diverse artists connected with Futurism, as Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, who advocated in his „one-day” publications and manifestoes the slogans which were spelled out in various different languages parole in libertá – with „words-in- freedom”. In Poland a similar role was played by such artists as Brunon Jasieński (1901-1938), Stanisław Młodożeniec (1895-1959), Alexander Watt (1900-1967), Anatol Stern (1899-1968) and Tytus Czyżewski (1880-1945), who presented a multi-sensual reality, in the poetry with „mechanical instinct”. The aim of the article is to present the changes which the literary text with visual values is subjected to. As the starting point of our intellectual considerations we chose the turning-point between 19th and 20th century, when as a result of artistic actions of such avant-garde artists as Guillaume Apollinaire, Stéphane Mallarmé, dramatic changes in the perception of the semantic meaning of poety occurred, which brought about the situation in which the visual structure of the text became quite essential. In the beginning of the 20th century the need for the necessary changes within the scope of literature and visual arts, were noticed by such diverse artists connected with Futurism, as Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, who advocated in his „one-day” publications and manifestoes the slogans which were spelled out in various different languages parole in libertá – with „words-in- freedom”. In Poland a similar role was played by such artists as Brunon Jasieński (1901-1938), Stanisław Młodożeniec (1895-1959), Alexander Watt (1900-1967), Anatol Stern (1899-1968) and Tytus Czyżewski (1880-1945), who presented a multi-sensual reality, in the poetry with „mechanical instinct”. A vivid interest concerning the modern typography in the period which took place immediately after the end of the First World War and during the interwar period of the Great Avant-Garde, was shown by various artists who were closely related to Dadaism and the Polish art group called „a.r”. Here a special mention is desrved by the pioneer accomplishments in the range of lettering craft and the so-called „functional printing” of the famous artist Władysław Strzemiński (1893-1952). The next essential moment in the development of the new approach to the synesthesia of the printed text and fine arts is the period of the 1960s of the 20th century and the period of „concrete poetry” (Eugen Gomringer, brothers Augusto and Haroldo de Campos from Brazil, Öyvind Fahlström). In Poland, the undisputed leader of this movement was the artist Stanisław Dróżdż (1939-2009), the originator of the so-called „conceptual-shapes”. In the 21st century, the emanation of actions which endevour to join and link closely poetry with visual arts is the electronic literature, referred to as digital or html. Artists associated with this formation, usually produce their works only by means of a laptop or personal computer and with the intention that the computer the main carrier / medium of their work. Among the creators of such works of art, it is possibile to mention such authors of the young generation as Robert Szczerbiowski, Radosław Nowakowski, Sławomir Shuty.
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Kantor, Maxim. "The Renaissance versus the Avant-Garde." Forum Philosophicum 18, no. 2 (January 5, 2014): 139–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/forphil.2013.1802.09.
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The essay contrasts two recurring phenomena of European culture: renaissance and avant-garde. The author discusses the paradigmatic Renaissance of 15th and 16th centuries and the paradigmatic Avant-Garde of early 20th century from the point of view of a practicing artist, interested in philosophical, social, religious, and political involvements of artists and their creation. The author shows the artistic and social history of 20th century as a struggle between the Avant-Garde and the Renaissance ideals, which, as he points out, found a fertile ground in in the 20 years that followed immediately the Second World War.
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Ittu, Gudrun-Liane. "Siebenbürgisch-deutsche Künstlerinnen vom Ende des 19. und Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Historia Artium 65, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 127–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbhistart.2020.07.
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"Transylvanian German women artists from the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. The paper is aiming at analyzing the life and art of a group of six German women artists from Transylvania, the first ones who studied abroad, real forerunners for the next generation of female plastic artists. Emancipated ladies, determined to become artists and earn their own money, the gifted women studied in Budapest, Vienna, Munich or Paris. Only Molly Marlin did not come back home, while the others had a prodigious artistic and pedagogical activity, being present at the annual exhibitions, together with well-known male colleagues. Keywords: art academies, women artists, painters, graphic artists, art teachers, exhibitions, Sibiu, Betty Schuller, Hermine Hufnagel, Molly Marlin Horn, Anna Dörschlag, Lotte Goldschmidt, Mathilde Berner Roth "
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Blagojevic, Gordana. "Naive art as a story about the ethno/cultural identity of Slovaks in Serbia: The example of Kovacica." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 139 (2012): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1239185b.
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In this paper, painting is observed as a source for studying the ethnic and cultural identity of Slovaks in Serbia, with the retrospective view to the painters from Kovacica. During the second half of the 20th century there were 60 Slovakian artists in Serbia who dealt with the Naive Art, and 46 of them were from Kovacica. Today, in this majority Slovakian village in Serbia there are 30 people of both sexes who deal with the Naive Art. What do the members of the Slovak ethnic group tell us about their community through their art? Many motives from folk life can be observed in the paintings of Slovakian naive artists. However, the village is not often shown as it is today, but as it was remembered or depicted by the predecessors. On the other hand, multiple social and political changes during the second half of the 20th century, which have continued until today, influenced and changed village life, and also the subject matter of the Art.
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Xu, Yin, and Xiaoqun Xu. "BECOMING PROFESSIONAL: CHINESE ACCOUNTANTS IN EARLY 20TH CENTURY SHANGHAI." Accounting Historians Journal 30, no. 1 (June 1, 2003): 129–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.30.1.129.
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This paper examines the experience of Chinese accountants transforming themselves into a profession during the early 20th century. It delineates how the experience was shaped by an intersection of economic development, the political culture and the nationalist movement in semi-colonial Shanghai. Chinese accountants responded to the daily manifestations of these larger historical forces by combining their professional self-interests with a nationalist agenda and by adapting to the changing political environment. The history and legacy of this experience provides a point of reference for observing the re-emergence of the accounting profession in China since the end of the Maoist era.
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Park, Junghyun. "Early 20th Century Chinese Policy for Koreans in Manchuria." Journal of School Social Work 84 (November 30, 2021): 5–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37924/jssw.84.1.
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Panggabean, Samsu Rizal, and Benjamin Smith. "Explaining Anti-Chinese Riots in Late 20th Century Indonesia." World Development 39, no. 2 (February 2011): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.11.036.
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Bailey, Paul J. "Globalization and Chinese Education in the Early 20th Century." Frontiers of Education in China 8, no. 3 (September 2013): 398–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03396982.
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