Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chine des années 1920'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Chine des années 1920.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Ngo, Thi Minh-Hoang. "Les processus externes et internes de formation du système communiste chinois dans la société rurale de la province du Shanxi, des années 1930 aux années 1950." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0126.
Full textThis thesis shows how the Chinese communist system was formed within the Shanxi province rural society from the 1930s to the 1950s. It relied mainly on unpublished CCP archives as well as on local newspapers and on veterans' memories. A new historical memory has been formed since the 1980s which focuses on the State-Revolution instead of the traditional Peasant Revolution. The second part deals with the political and institutional foundations of the system from 1937 to 1946. It shows how the CCP system was reproduced in the economic, political and cultural fields of the rural society's mobilization and describes the CCP normative system of evaluation among the crucial institutional factors that might explain the local processes of the formation of the CCP system in Tunliu country, South Shanxi. Indeed, the third part relates how local struggles were transformed into an institutional power as well as the widespread religious reactions in the rural society
Albou, Philippe. "L'introduction de l'art occidental dans la peinture chinoise autour des années 1920." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/ressources/pdf/histmed-asclepiades-pdf-albou2.pdf.
Full textTwo millenniums chinese fine arts had, with four painters -- Yan Wenliang, Xu Beihong, Liu Haisu and Lin Fengmian - opened to Europe in order to learn a virtue of an art unknown there, realism. Chinese art was not inclined to represent an object scientifically as it existed, a military map or a canon. It was subjective, symbolical and intuitive. Western painting was still, despite the developments of the avant-garde movement, the product of a direct objective observation combined with empirical knowledge. Through the lives, the works and the teachings of the painters studied, the confrontations of two esthetic worlds may now enable to analyze an attempt of a acculturation - Western Chinese paintings in the 1920's - which from a western point of view, would be analyze as a turning point
Peng, Lei. "Rock en Chine : contestation et consommation depuis les années 1980." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30040/document.
Full textBorn at the same time as the “30 years of China’s Reform and Opening" political discourse, Rock music in China (Yaogun) at its outset is often understood as an ideological weapon with a somewhat “revolutionary” touch to it against the Communist orthodox principles. This is mainly due to some values known as part of the Rock Myth, such as individual freedom, social equality and democracy.However, since the 1980s, there has been a significant transformation in the People's Republic of China (PRC): the shift to a free-market economy and the opening of the country to outside influence have led to the resurgence of a relevant social and cultural diversity. In the meantime, the new ideologies, technologies and mode of economy unavoidably brought about the commodification of the so-called “Chinese Culture” as part of the modern Chinese “Nation-State” construction, both at the level of the authority’s cultural policy and of the collective social imaginary, including the commodification of the so-called “Chinese Rock” or Yaogun. After one decade of development in the 1990s, generally speaking, China’s Rock or “underground” turned out to stay away from politics. It became hip, professionally organized, commercial and partly moving “overground” (not about revolution, but about everyday life). Similarly to other forms of art and cultural production in contemporary China, Rock also engaged in a complex and creative relationship with the PRC’s revolutionary heritage. From the late 1980s onwards, Yaogun has developed from being a rebelling voice in opposition to the ideology of the Chinese authorities to representing a subject of commodification by different agencies in sharing the same signs of the PRC’s revolutionary heritage. This dissertation attempts to shed some light on the complexities and contradictions involved in the tremendous social and cultural transformations of post-socialist China through the rock music scene. It brings into play the sociology of Rock music, Cultural Studies, together with the production and spreading of the culture and ideology of contemporary Chinese society
Zhou, Lei. "Les coopérations industrielles et commerciales franco-chinoises des années 1950 aux [sic] 1970." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE025/document.
Full textIn the framework of French-Sino relations during the Maoist period (1949-1978), the industrial cooperation between the two countries can be considered as a remarkable success. From a steady beginning in the 1950s, their economic relations principally developed in the industrial domain in the following decade, so as to reach their peak in the 1970s because of three favorable factors. Above all, the establishment of their diplomatic relations in 1964 offered the opportunity to create stable indispensable connections of bilateral economic contacts in the future, then the two governments also played a role as coordinators of this industrial cooperation. Besides, the improvement of Sino-American relations and the political liberalization of East-West commerce promoted by Nixon, provided a propitious international environment for the Sino-Occidental commercial development. Last but not the least, economic the plan of the Chinese government, based on the importation of Western technologies and materials, particularly the “43 plan”, provided a financial basis for the industrial cooperation with France.The results of this cooperation are considerable: Sino-French commerce obtained a large scale of obvious development; French companies benefiting from the economic openness of the Chinese market during the period of the Cultural Revolution; thanks to the implementation of these cooperation projects, particularly the “key-in-hand factories”, China accelerated the modernization of diverse industries in electricity, fertilizers, chemical fibers, communication, etc., -- while maintaining the balance of its economic development
Park, Sang-Soo. "La révolution chinoise et les sociétés secrètes : l'exemple des Shaan-Gan-Ning et du nord Jiangsu (années 1930-1940)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0071.
Full textBeyond the conventional historiography which has viewed the relationships between the communist movement (modern revolution) and the secret societies (traditional rebellions) in terms of continuity or discontinuity, this study contextualizes the question of these relations in a compared micro-historic perspective centred on two regions showing sharp contrasts as regards social-rural patterns, the structures of the secret organizations and the activities of the Communists before the early 1940s. In the Shaan-Gan-Ning region, the Gelaohui (Brothers and Elders) play an important part from the first phase of Communist implantation before the Long March (mid 1930s). In the following years, they are politicized by the party center and integrated into the territorialized Communist system. In spite of multiple frictions, party power supervises their activities instead of forbidding them. On the other hand, the Xiaodaohui (Small Swords) in Northern Jiangsu do not respond to Communist mobilization attempts either before the collapse of the First United Front (1927) or later. They appear as local self-defense groups which confront the central Guomindang government during the 1930s, the Japanese occupation forces and the Communist armies during the 1940s. As a result, CCP guerrilla initiatives rely on military factors. As CCP power becomes stronger in the late 1940s, the Small Sword groups are suppressed in spite of many local rebellions. The dissertation thus illustrates the diversity and variations both in time and space of the relations between the secret societies and the Communists. In line with several recent works, it also emphasizes the fact that Communist policies did not stop developing and adjusting locally all along the revolutionary process, although a similar logic of inclusion and exclusion of various social forces was at play in what comes to light as a well engineered state building process
Lee, Hee-Seung. "Subjectivité et désillusion dans le cinéma chinois des années 80 : étude à travers quelques films de la cinquième génération." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR20028.
Full textIn this thesis, we shall study the Chinese cinema of the eighties, the decade that gave birth to the new cinema of the movie-makers of the fifth generation. .
Zhong, Zheng. "Devenant un "ennemi national" : Le système des traités internationaux dans la Chine révolutionnaire 1921-27." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1291.
Full textThis dissertation seeks to enquire into the rationale behind the opposition of the two rival Chinese Governments to the international treaty system in China (which they denounced as “unequal treaties”), opposition which emerged and stiffened much in sync from both sides from 1925, somewhat counter-intuitively amidst their escalating (counter)revolutionary struggle and war. Despite considerable writings and studies on this diplomatic history of China, very few discussions were devoted to this particular question of why, as such opposition is often taken for granted either as a patriotic call and nationalist awakening on the Chinese part, or a self-evident strategic choice in view of their subsequent realpolitikal gains therefrom. Yet, as this study will present, far from that, their initiation of an anti-treaty line in the nationalist name was in fact a complete reversal of their former policy of cooperation with the treaty powers and reconcilement with that treaty system, a reversal which both sides originally had no intention to undertake whatsoever. As I see it, the failure of that previous policy was just the real key to understanding their eventual reversal thereof. This dissertation therefore will first of all analyse why their cooperative policy was unviable both in financial (for both sides) and ideological terms (for the Southern Government in particular) by 1924, which eventually turned both camps against that treaty system (Part I & II). And then it will discuss how radicalization of that anti-treaty line by both sides became an absolute strategic necessity both financially and politically, in the context of their revolutionary war from 1926 to 1927 (Part III). In the end, to my mind, this question of treaty further involves a broader issue of modern Chinese history: recentralization of state power (finances) and reestablishment of political legitimacy (as newly derived from nationalism), in a China both in division and in transition
Chen, Hsin-Chih. "Les îles Paracel et Spratly vues de la Chine nationaliste : revendications de souveraineté pendant les années 1930-1950 dans la mer de Chine méridionale." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010561.
Full textYeung, Choi Kit. "Réception de Paul Morand au sein des mouvements modernistes japonais et chinois pendant les années 1920 et 1930." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL050.
Full textWhat were the modernisms of East Asia during the 1920s and the 1930s? By studying the literary journey of Paul Morand from France to China via Japan, we question how the intellectuals of Japanese and Chinese literary world who were involved in this literary reception during the 1920s and the 1930s, considered modernism through French ideas. The Japanese and the Chinese reflections on modernism are compared in three main aspects: first, the translation of Morand’s works done by Horiguchi Daigaku and Dai Wangshu. Second, the criticisms which involved Morand into the debate concerning modernism in this period, created a literary field for the reception of Morand in these two countries. For the Japanese case, the parties that were concerned the most were Chiba Kameo, the established literary community, the Japanese Neo-Perception School and her coterie magazine Age of Literature. Whereas for the Chinese case, the Chinese Neo-Perception School and her affiliated magazine Trains without Railway were the most relevant. Third, two representative writers of the Neo-Perception Schools, Yokomitsu Riichi and Liu Na’ou, whose literary styles were often compared to those of Morand’s. Through the analysis of these three aspects, we seek to show the configurations of modernism in East Asia
Lu, Xuan. "La question tibétaine et ses deux principales solutions depuis les années 1980." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040214.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the Tibetan issue in its various aspects: geographic, economic, strategic and political. We examine the evolution of attitudes and differences of opinion according to their polarization ranging from conservatism to progressivism. We assess their influences in recent history and we project the likely developments in the near future.- This thesis aims at showing that Tibet remains an important matter at stake for China. Hence the Qinghai-Tibet rail link embodies the Chinese national policy as well as the Chinese solution vis-à-vis Tibet.- This thesis aims at demonstrating that the Dalai Lama is still regarded by Tibetans as the key to the resolution of Tibetan problems despite the many crises the spiritual leader has had to face.- Finally this thesis aims at pointing out that the Chinese society is evolving towards a more progressive attitude. On this issue Chinese intellectuals have acquired more influence than before and this influence could develop even further in the future. This work belongs to an inter-disciplinary field of study and covers most of the 20th century and present times. It focuses especially on the post 1980’s period when the Tibetan issue became more international
Teilhet, Vanessa. "La ville dans le roman chinois à partir des années 1980." Paris, INALCO, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INAL0017.
Full textThe Chinese Economic Reforms policy launched in the 1980s promotes the role of the city and opens the gate to urbanization with outstanding results. The city becomes a compulsory element of one's way of living, thinking and socilizing. Therefore, the "urban" and the city reappear in the Chinese novel as literary themes. Within this context, we will study the representation of the urban and the city in Chinese novel writing between 1982 and 2003, the timescale for the publication of the corpus. We will distinguish urban literature of the city, asking if the city is perceived as a modern landscape, perfect for talking about the contemporary Chinese society, or if it is a genuine novel character which interacts with the other protagonists. Some novelists of urban fiction have been selected: Wang Shuo (1958-), Xu Xing (1956-), Weihui (1973-), Xi Yang (1965-), Chi Li (1957-), Jia Pingwa (1952-), Liu Xinwu (1942-), as well as two other authors whom writing is closer to city writing; Qiu Huadong (1969-) and Wang Anyi (1954-). Biographical, historical, as well as sociological and economical data will complete the textual analysis. We will consider the images of the city, the "mental mapping" of a city, including, recurrent paths followed in the city and the way emerging Chinese urban society is perceived. Finally, the point of view of the narrator (as he or she is often an incarnation of the author) on the city and his relationship with it, will be studied in order to answer this question: is writing the city considered to be the most relevant mean of questioning the Chinese modern urban identity and more generally speaking, our human condition ?
Bousquet-Gyatso, Nathalie. "Entre devoir de préservation et désir d'innovation, la peinture tibétaine en quête de sa propre modernité (fin années 1980 jusqu'à 2005)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040114.
Full textContemporary Tibet is an encounter between a heritage centuries old and modernity, via China and the West. And Tibetan painting reflects these various mutations and diversities, due also to the existence of a Diaspora since 1959. This is a panorama of the Tibetan paintings between the years 1980-2005, in exile and in the autonomous region of Tibet. The research started in Europe, Australia and Asia. We have tried to find out if one single attitude or aesthetic can sketch the visage of present day Tibet. Two different attitudes seem dominant: those for whom painting has the mission of anchoring a culture in decline, of keeping alive the traditions. And those for whom evolution in painting (as in anything else) is inevitable. For them the changes cannot be termed only distortions. They accept the upheavals as the natural process in the formations of any identity. These contemporary painters that diverge from the traditions do not renounce its roots. Evolution is not betrayal. And in spite of differences the two are united: in narrative images and in the emblematic figure of Bouddha
DONG, YIMING. "Etude sur le probleme de l'opium dans la region du sud-ouest de la chine pendant les annees 1920 et 1930." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0050.
Full textRelations between opium and society in south-west china taken as a key to the social evolution in china during the 1920's and 30's allow to get a better grasp at the chinese society at the beginning of the 20th century. The subject is treated in this thesis in the following 6 chapters : - assessment of the 20's and 30's statistics on opium. - opium production and consumption, and the traffic network, in south-west china. The specific case of guangxi and bose are also examined, though they are not in south-west china. - warlords and the new war of opium. - the jiang jieshi government and the prohibition of opium. In south-west china, taxes on opium provided an important part of the government revenue. Opium was as vital to the warlords as to jiang jieshi. - the warlords encouraged the growing of opium so they could get the most profit from it, while jiang jieshi reached the same results with his prohibition laws. Everybody, from low-rank officer to top civil servant, was benefiting from the situation. Widespread bribery eventually ended up in violent revolts. - the peasants and the local army opposition to the prohibition of opium
Yuan, Lili. "L’historiographie comparée des femmes et du genre en Chine et en France : de 1980 à aujourd’hui : une étude comparée des enjeux d’un champ nouveau en évolution." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0015.
Full textThis dissertation is about the comparative historiography of women's history and gender history in China and in France from the 1980s on. It aims to compare for both historiographies the background of the intellectual emergences, the methods of research and historical writing (definitions, choice of subject and object, research paradigms, intellectual debates, translations and usages of key words and categories, models of periodization, influence of the Anglo-American historiography), and the temporality of productions and receptions (generations of researchers, temporalities of journals, associations and institutes, conferences, seminars, etc. ) in the institutionalization and pedagogical transmission. The dissertation particularly focuses on transnational circulations: whether they be dialogues, misunderstandings, or mutual complementarity. Based on works of the past thirty years, this doctoral research reflects on the categories and classifications used by the historians of both countries, in order to demonstrate the academic legitimacy of the comparative historiography of women, feminism and anti-feminism, and of gender through the method of connected categories
Liu, Kaixuan. "Le miroir chinois : les attitudes françaises face à la Chine dans les milieux politique, diplomatique, intellectuel et médiatique, de 1949 au milieu des années 1980." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0009.
Full textThe evolution of French attitudes towards China between 1949 and the mid-1980s can be divided into three phases. Between the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the Sino-Soviet split in the early 1960s, China is perceived by French observers as a Sovietized communist country, both domestically and diplomatically. Attitudes of French people towards this China reflect their positions in the confrontations of the Cold War. China is considered in different spheres as a pillar of the international communist movement, a more humane alternative to Soviet communism, or a "yellow and red" threat to the West. Then, during the period from 1963 to the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1976, China is no longer seen as a member of the communist camp. The Sino-Soviet split and the Cultural Revolution give birth to the idea of a "Chinese model", even if it takes different forms according to different observers. For some, China represents the hope of the regeneration of communism; for the others, it applies a system opposed to the industrialized world and not at all imitated elsewhere. The third phase covers the period from 1976 to the mid-1980s, during which the relations between French people and China normalize. France's passion for Franco-Chinese relationship is fading, and French views on China became more lucid
Zhao, Rui. "Les renaissances et les innovations de la culture traditionnelle chinoise dans la musique contemporaine chinoise depuis les années 1980." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040168.
Full textFrom 1980s, CHINA, where great changes have taken placed, has reopened its door to the outside. The Chinese contemporary music has also experienced a rapid development, which leads to the question that how the feature of its development presents.Looking back to the way of Chinese modern music from early 20th century, a common trait can be found in different stages, which can be named as ‘national character’. Meanwhile it extends to various features to reflect the periods.From 1980s, Chinese modern music not only inherits the common character of the previous generations, but also reveals its own distinction. In order to realize all these features, the Chinese musicians of the 5th generation, deriving inspirations and contents from traditional culture of CHINA accompanied by their unique techniques, have created a great amount of musical products. With the worldwide spread of these products, Chinese traditional culture has come to be known gradually. All these lead directly to the renaissance of Chinese traditional culture to a certain extent. In this dissertation, points will be stated from aspects of history, composition technique and aesthetics, etc
De, Heering Xénia. "Des mots qui sonnent juste. Publication, circulations et réceptions de Joies et peines de l’enfant Naktsang, un témoignage inédit sur les années 1950 dans l’est du Tibet (2007-2019)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0157.
Full textThis thesis stems from my curiosity about a Tibetan book that was creating a sensation among its readers, who considered it quite exceptional. I discovered Joys and Sorrows of the Naktsang Boy (Nags tshang zhi lu’i skyid sdug) in 2008, approximately six months after its initial publication in Xining, a city located in Qinghai province, at the extreme northeast of the Tibetan Plateau (People’s Republic of China, PRC). As its title suggests, the work relates a child’s experience. Yet under this seeming banality, the autobiographical account it offers of the conflicts and violent upheavals that marked the incorporation of Eastern Tibet (namely the regions known to Tibetans as Amdo and Kham) into the PRC’s administration in the 1950s is an unprecedented historical testimony. Memories of those times haunt people’s minds, but their expression remains banished from the public sphere.Despite its political sensitivity, Joys and Sorrows swiftly became a best-seller on the regional Tibetan literary market. The inquiry thus focuses on observing the sensation created by the book, but also on understanding its publication process and forms of circulation. How could a heavily state-controlled publishing system have produced such a book, which was legally published in 2007 with a “permission to print”? Despite having an “internal document” status, how did it become so broadly available to the general public? The present thesis looks into editorial and bookselling practices in late 2000s Amdo, therefore exploring some of the real, albeit limited, possibilities of acting through the written word.Building on the case of Joys and Sorrows, this thesis also attempts to empirically describe certain forms of presence of a traumatic past, in its concrete modalities, sometimes tenuous or indirect. How did a book heavily marked by colloquialisms and spelling mistakes, written by a retired civil servant with no previous literary experience, meet with such broad public appreciation? What reading practices, in very diverse social milieus, took hold of this object? How does the narrative device guide reading experiences, helping to account for the strong resonance of this testimony with its audience? Why does the book fascinate so many people, even though most of the readers I met in Amdo, whatever their age, told me “the same thing” had happened in their own home areas? Finally, how can we analyse this testimony’s mediation in building links between its various publics, in the imagination of a common past, and in the transformation of shared horizons of expectation for the future?The materials presented are based on an ethnographic inquiry carried out in Amdo between 2008 and 2012, as well as on a corpus of texts devoted to Joys and Sorrows, and published in different media between 2007 and 2019. The results of the inquiry are set out in two parts, each made up of eight chapters. The first part of the dissertation is devoted to Joys and Sorrows as an editorial object, the second to Joys and Sorrows as an object of reading and as a narrative. Reception is understood as an active process that is constitutive of witnessing as a social phenomenon. Drawing on works from various disciplines—sociology, history, anthropology, as well as literary and areal studies—this thesis seeks to account for the phenomenon that Joys and Sorrows constituted locally. Based on this case, it also aims to shed light on some of the implications of the persistent, albeit not very visible, presence of this recent historical past in Tibetan areas of the PRC
Sergio, Vanessa. "Macao : vie culturelle et littéraire d’expression portugaise au milieu du XXe siècle : Luís Gonzaga Gomes, ‘Fils de la Terre’." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100158/document.
Full textTo what extent do the 50s mark a renewal in Macao’s culture and literature which is embodied by local intellectual Portuguese and Macanese elites in a deeply colonial space? What are their outcomes? This cultural renewal, expressed through the mass media and various local cultural events, is expressed with the claim of a Macanese identity which has been part of the Portuguese culture in the broad sense (the colonial discourse has never been very far). At the end of the Second World War, this identity claim bears in its layers a struggle for the survival of the territory, under the international community’s critical scrutiny. This new lease brought to the cultural and literary life of Macao is reflected in the Luso-Chinese cultural exchange, as it is illustrated in Luís Gonzaga Gomes’ work. This Son of Macao, who is a vector of this exchange, embodies the Macanese vocation and spirit: providing a bridge between two cultures, between two civilizations. His work makes the transition from a colonial cultural environment to a postcolonial cultural environment possible; where lies a crossing from a nationalist and egocentric speech to a more tolerant one, turning towards the other and open to the non-Lusophone/Portuguese world. However, this new discourse is facing limitations imposed by the political context and the mentality of the time
Deng, Li-dan. "Quatre femmes écrivains chinoises des années 1920." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081896.
Full textGoégan, Pierre. "L'écriture prolétarienne dans les années 1920-1930." Rennes 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REN20013.
Full textA flourishing proletarian movement has left its mark on the French literature in the years 1920 - 1930. The purpose of this work is to underline its anti-authoritarian component. Not professional, the writers are men and women coming from the people, who thanks to a self-culture proceeding succeed to bear witness to what they know the best the humble people's life. After getting out the difference and the distance between Marxist and anti-authoritarian conception of literature, we give an account of proletarian real life but above all, we emphasize the moral valour of the proletarian writing. The praise of the daily bread, wine, work, struggle and solidarity runs through the pages of the anti-authoritarian writing, under the seal of the authenticity. It's not astonishing consequently, that a deep bitterness veil the great desire and the tremendous hope of the proletarian people, that get not satisfaction
Yang, Suzanne. "Théoriser la psychose : psychanalyse et psychiatrie en France, 1920 - 1932." Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20005.
Full textAfter World War I, psychiatrists were confronted with a new problem in the context of the mental hygiene movement in France: how to prevent and treat the psychoses outside the asylum setting. This new orientation in psychiatry involved exploration of two facets of the same problem: recognizing ‘dangerous’ persons whose condition required confinement, and identifying the intrapsychic features that would allow the individual to return to his life in society. The dissertation examines debates within the psychopathology of the psychoses and outlines the development of the question of dangerousness associated with these disorders, as it was viewed by psychiatrists of the time. During this period, Freudian psychoanalysis emerged as a theoretical framework relevant to the conceptualization of the descriptive features and possible mechanisms of dangerous behavior, but only by way of additional concepts that were strongly critiqued and examined for their clinical relevance. The thesis focuses on two examples of the development of this theoretical base : schizophrenia and paranoia. The psychoanalytic theorization of psychosis in this period emphasized symptoms and processes related to the individual’s subjective experience of pathology, his feeling of alienation from the social order. In contrast to the literary interest in Freudian theory, psychiatrists kept their distance, accepting psychoanalytic concepts only gradually until the explanatory power of the concepts became more established in the clinical domain of a treatment that would perhaps become possible for the psychoses
Krasovec, Alexandra. "La poésie russe d'avant-garde des années 1920." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30094/document.
Full textJust after the Revolution, in Russia there emerged numerous avant-garde groups that, in a way, continue all previous groups. Young poets who then perpetuate the avant-garde paradigm form certain groups that are at the heart of this research: the Expressionists (including Ippolit Sokolov, Boris Zemenkov, Sergei Spassky, Gury Sidorov), Parnassus of Moscow (including Boris Lapin, Yevgeny Gabrilovich), the Fouists (including Pereleshin Boris, Boris Nesmelov, Nikolai Lepok), the Emotionalists (including Mikhail Kuzmin, Anna Radlova, Konstantin Vaginov), the Nichevoki (including Ryurik Rok, Sergei Sadikov, Susanna Mar, Aetsy Ranov, Oleg Erberg), and Biocosmists (including Alexander Svyatogor, Alexander Yaroslavsky). This work identifies their theoretical, philosophical and poetic activities, following their steps in the artistic life of that time and reconstructs the intellectual and cultural context. The 1920s are, generally, the period when Russian and German cultures reflect greater mutual interest and a large number of contacts is established among artists. The analysis of their poetry and their manifests identifies the phenomenon of Russian Expressionism as independent movement and shows their typological affinities. As regards the Nichevoki, they can be compared to the European Dadaists. Finally, the Biocosmists continue the ideas of Russian Cosmism in a revolutionary and utopian perspective. Long neglected, these groups provide evidence of large and complex body of the Russian avant-garde. Nevertheless, their contribution is certain
François, Hélène. "Etre grec dans la Smyrne des années 1920." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC019.
Full textThe years 1919-1922 represent a crucial period marked by the Greco-Turkish war, the climax of nationalist tensions between the two states in conflict and the vicissitudes of the Greek domestic politics. From this point of view they constitute a real turning point for Hellenism in Asia Minor. How did the Greek population of Smyrna live those years of war placed under the mandate of the Hellenic state ? Did the Greek landing and the establishment of the Greek Administration in Smyrna and its region fulfil the hopes of a community that had been longing for “liberation” and its reunion with the Mother Land ? The study of the Greek local press will allow us to examine how the community’s search for national identity is represented in the media. The study will demonstrate that modes of collective expression and various calls for social mobilization constituted the basis that allowed Hellenism of Smyrna to discuss, define and claim a firm and proper national foothold
Urbain-Archer, Anne. "Sens interdits : l'encadrement des publications érotiques en France des années 1920 aux années 1970." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV030.
Full textSince the middle of the 1970s, the juridical framework for erotic publications in France has experienced no major developments. Our current legislation has been inherited from liberal reforms from the late 1960s, which have deconstructed a coercive system that has been continually improved since 1939, in the wake of the battle led by defenders of public morality during the inter-war-years. This work aims to shed light on the history of this legislation, which since its emergence in the 1920s until its dissolution in the 1970s, has come to both record, and influence, the evolution if French society and its morals. What was the background and who were the intermediaries and supporters of this legislation? What were its effects and limitations? By whom and why was this legislation challenged, and how did this challenge merge with the broader movement of liberal claims in the late 1960s? From 1881 to 1958, the legal system surrounding erotic publications has regularly been reviewed (in 1882, 1898, 1908, 1939, 1949 and 1958), in a manner ever increasingly repressive. The break during the inter-war-years disguised a melting pot in which the great public decency reforms were elaborated before they were ratified on the eve of the Second World War. In 1967, for the first time since the July 29, 1881 law, the moral framework for the press and publication industry was relaxed. Many authors and publishers suffered a reactionary backlash in the late 1960s through to the 1970s, however May 1968 and its follow-up overcame this repressive system. This thesis proposes primarily to clarify the origins and foundations of the major juridical innovations that are contained in the July 29, 1939 law relating to public indecency that directly impacted the press and book industry. Secondarily, it focuses on the conditions for the adoption, as well as the subsequent application of article 14 of the July 16, 1949 law, which on an administrative level reinforced the judicial repression set up ten years previously. Finally, in examining the development of this new legislation from 1950 to 1970, we will study its effects and retrace the history of its contestation
Wanecq, Charles-Antoine. "Sauver, protéger et soigner : une histoire des secours d’urgence en France (années 1920-années 1980)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0039.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the elaboration and the social uses of the notion of vital emergency in contemporary France. The concept of emergency – defined as a need for urgent action to avoid death - constitutes an increasingly common form of medical care. Based on a study of multiple sources, including the archives of physicians, administrations, hospitals and associations, this doctoral research aims at understanding the social, economic and political processes set in motion by an accident, when one or several human lives are threatened. During the interwar period, the innovative medical and surgical techniques of the First World War were seldom implemented in the civilian world ; however the nuclear risk and the increasing mortality rate caused by road acccidents led to an organization of emergency medical services in public hospitals. This public policy was overseen by a division of the Ministry of Health. Through an analysis of the division of labour and of the technical devices which rationalized the provision of emergency care, this dissertation changes the focus of the debates on the value of human lives in the history of health and of the institutions in charge of the protection of populations
Royer, Anne-Julie. ""Sur la montagne nue" (texte de création) : suivi de L’écriture de l’autofiction à la troisième personne chez Gabrielle Roy, Marguerite Duras et Annie Ernaux et ses échos dans "Sur la montagne nue" (essai réflexif)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25867.
Full textSueur, Rémy. "Socialisme et esprit républicain dans le département de la Somme des années 1920 aux années 1950." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010629.
Full textAnalysis of the social structure of the socialist party (s. F. I. O. ) (1920-1950) in the departement de la somme. In this area, the process of industrialization was carried out without excessive urban growth or rural exodus. State education and a particular brand of patriotism, born in response to foreign invasions, has affected the way in which proletarian internationalism was assimilated in this area. Three main chapters follow in chronological order: 1. Influence of the past, 2. The time of choices, 3. Republic and civic virtues. Party files dating from the years 1936, 37, 38, 45, 46, 47, provided data on the social origins of party members, their mentalities and the images they had of the party itself, the state and the republic. Testimonies from older militants, the party press, and the prefectoral archives reveal a world where republican values, and a strong spirit of independance outweigh considerations of party discipline
Bauvois, Descamps Jeannie. "L'histoire enseignée dans les lycées allemands et français des années 1920 aux années 1950 : approche culturelle." Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble ; 1990-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE29037.
Full textHsitory occupies a sepecial place among academic disciplines : it has characteristics of both logos and muthos, as these terms are defined by plato. The function of the history taught in german and french secondary schools from the 1920s to the 1950s is essentielly to transmit cultural muth : it draws on both national and occidental ethnocentrism. The national myth is preponderant : ancient history and national history are associated as factors in the cultural identity. In a period of embittered franco-german confrontations, the national myths generate cultural stereotypes that are interdependent ans symetrical. Mutations become apparent during the period under study : the national myth is carried to extremes and becomes caricatur al under the nazis. But the influence of nazi history-writers - or rather rewriters, as by definition there are no nazi historians - has remained weak. After the second world war, the national myths are questioned within the context of cold war culture and decolonisation. Exceptional personalities during this period nevertheless seek to orientate the history beign taught towards the logos. The restructuring of the two national memories, undertaken by german and french teachers of history, and effective especially after 1950, is a cultural expression of the franco-german rapprochement, a major event of the second half of the twentieth century in europe; it is to be understood also int he context not of universalism (a vision of the world that starts from the self) but of the universal. This study proposes an approach to contemporary educational thought seen not simply as a force for societal change, but as an expression of cultural permanece in the two societies
González, Anaïs. "Publications pour la jeunesse et offres de lectures dans l’Espagne des années 1920." Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20009.
Full textThe crucial 1920’s in Spain are a turning point in the history of children’s literature which acquires some social acknowledgement. Indeed, the political, economic and sociological disruptions that Spain experienced in the early twentieth century favored the birth both of a new representation of the child and that of the young reader. The publishers understood its significance and tried to offer their readership appealing and original publications that were less didactic and more attractive. New imprints appear in a context of modernization of the Spanish publishing industry. The weekly dime novels or the cheap illustrated magazines allow the young readers to emancipate from their parents’ prescription by choosing their readings by themselves in the new distribution channels of the production for the young. These reading habits force the traditional imprints to adapt themselves to more modern cultural behaviours and favor the emergence of innovative literary forms and of a new mythmaking. This recognition of the impact of an emerging media culture on children’s literature will influence the following decades. The analysis of these reading habits’ redefinition and of its influence on the production of children’s literature is at the core of this research
Lacau, St Guily Camille. "Une histoire contrariée du bergsonisme en Espagne [1889 - années 1920]." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030116.
Full textAt the end of the 19th century, Europe witnessed a revival of neo-thomist metaphysics, championed by Henri Bergson, over positivism. Spain, under the restored Bourbon monarchy, resisted the trend. Spanish intellectuels were split between neo-thomist conservatives and reformers increasingly attracted notably by scientific psychology, making dialogue with Bergsonism impossible in practice during this period. Only Leopoldo Alas endeavored to spread the "new philosophy" in his home country. After this rejection of bergsonism in its early decades, the modernist theological crisis of 1907 precipitated its arrival in the Iberian preninsula. Paradoxically, the first actors of Bergsonian philosophy were its Catholic opponents, whose religious opposition was complemented by political opposition to all that Bergson symbolised; this was particularly flagrant during his diplomatic visit to Madrid during the 1st world war in 1916. In parallel, those reformers, with a pedagogical bent, who had created in 1876 the Institución Libre de Enseñanza, were discovering the Bergson conceptual framework that they incorporated progressively between 1900 and 1920 into their new psycho-pedagogical science. However the real motor of this metaphysical renaissance were the Symbolist poets, called "Modernists" in Spain, followed by avant-garde aesthetes. It is these groups who gave bergsonism an organic [meta-]physical reality and it was only in the years after 1910, did Spanish philosophers per se accept, not without difficulty, the tenets of bergsonism
Doulet, Jean-François. "De la ville des vélos à la ville des autos : mobilité urbaine et politique de transport à Pékin durant les années 80 et 90." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100082.
Full textChina is experiencing a process of fast motorization since the beginning of the 90's; the total number of automobiles increases by 10% to 12% per year. Taking the city of Beijing as an example, this doctoral dissertation describes the implications of this recent phenomenom on urban mobility, city planning and transport policy
Limbada, Aïcha. "La nuit de noces : une histoire sociale et culturelle de l'intimité conjugale (France, années 1800 - années 1920)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA01H014.
Full textAccording to France’s social and moral norms of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, newlywed couples were expected to have sexual intercourse, thus consummating their union, on the first night following the wedding ceremony. The permanent aspect of this requirement persisted, although wedding norms and practices were being redefined, through the establishment of the civil marriage during the French Revolution, with the increasing ideal of the bourgeois marriage, with social and religious debates over the right to get a divorce before reintroducing it in 1884 and with the slow sexual revolution gaining momentum from the Belle Époque onwards. The aim of this dissertation is to demonstrate how the wedding night gradually became a pivotal event in the married couple’s life from the 1800s to the 1920s. It will delineate the norms, the representations and the practices of this social fact which affected almost the entire French population at that time. I will study varied sources in order to comprehend the multifaceted aspect of such a particular and intimate moment in the conjugal life: from cultural and scientific productions (such as fictional works, images, essays, medical works and folklore studies) to canonical procedures comprising narratives of the wedding night by separating spouses. Three lines of research will be examined in this study: (1) the veil of secrecy about wedding night practices which relied on discourses that were addressed differently to men and women; (2) the traditions associated with the nuptial rituals. Over the course of the century, such rituals have been reshaped by the changing values of the bourgeois marriage. Finally, it will be argued that consummating the union was both (3) a moral and physical ordeal, particularly for the brides
Attané, Isabelle. "Resistance a la politique de limitation des naissances en milieu rural chinois depuis le debut des annees 1980." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0065.
Full textWith nearly 860 million people, china's rural population represents more than 70 per cent of the total population of the country. But the rural society remains traditionnal and meets slow social and economical changes. That is one of the reasons why family planning policy encounters great resistance among the rural population. This study focuses on the gap existing between marriage and fertility behaviours and birth limitation policy prescriptions in rural china since the eighties. But major disparities in demographic behaviours remain between the provinces. Provincial variations in demographic transition stages are first described. Then we focus on levels of resistance to family planning in each province (marriage before legal age, fertility higher than official prescriptions, high sex-ratio at birth. . . ). Finally, we highlight the social, economical and cultural factors influencing resistance to family planning policy
Coste, David. "Les représentations du fou dans le théâtre espagnol des années 1920." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAC039.
Full textThis thesis analyses Freudian or psychoanalytic drama plays in Spain such as Sinrazon by Ignacio Sanchez Mejias, Trance by Cirpiano de Rivas Cherif, Dr Death de 3 a 5 by Azorin among others.. It accounts for the presence of the lunatic in a large theatrical panorama of that time, such presence being conditioned by the rise of Freudianism in Spain which strengthens the attractiveness of deep psychology used for the first time at the turn of the century by symbolism as representation mode. This work attempts to provide perspective on the different influences which shape this figure,to analyse how the cultural debate within Spanish society in the 1920's is reflected in drama and how drama itself can take this debate forward. At the core of this ethic and existential questioning, what do the choices of representation of the lunatic on Spanish stages thus imply ?
Suppo, Hugo Rogélio. "La politique culturelle française au Brésil entre les années 1920-1950." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030055.
Full textCultural policy is the basis of french politics in brazil. The cultural actions commanded, organised and guided by the french state between 1920 and 1950 were examined at three levels: a) the institutions (alliance francaise, group of french universities and grandes ecoles for relations with latin america, franco-brazilian institute, franca-brazilian licee, etc. ; b) the role of intellectuals and artists involved; c) cultural products (books, radio programmes and films). Three different periods were established: 1920-1940, 1940-1943, and 1944-1950. War is a key period, for it reveals how french cultural policy was above political and ideological interests, with the war gathering the nation around the defence of its interests. On the other hand, franco-brazilian relations follow a course that prior to 1940 revolves around a network built by university professor georges dumas, a man close to the radical party, towards the institutionalisation of relations with the signature, in 1948, of the first cultural agreement between the two countries. Thus, the perfect symbiosis between the university community and the diplomatic world is broken to the advantage of the latter. In the post-war, france had lost almost all positions and had to face, at the same time, the us cultural policy and changes in the brazilian situation. A profound reformulation of the cultural policy is required, but france lacks the material means and, above all, the possibility of offering other cultural products. The whole french strategy of "cultural colonization" is based on the creation of francophones/francophiles, being unable to offer the mass consumption goods that modern society demands
Kao, Shih-Heng. "Étude sur la gravure chinoise au XXe siècle des années 30 à nos jours." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040266.
Full textChinese contemporary printmaking takes a very important role in Chinese history of art. Printmaking is not only a form of creativity, but also a mirror that reflects cultural phenomena in the Chinese society. This dissertation has three parts. The first part discusses the development of modern printmaking movements in china from 1929 to 1949. The second part describes the development of printmaking in Beijing and other areas with regional characteristics from 1949. The third part introduces the printmaking development in Taiwan that had been influenced by the west from 1949. This dissertation provides a complete account of the development of chines printmaking by investigating the movements and transformation of print from the 30 s
Bougeard, Christian. "Le choc de la guerre dans un département breton : les Côtes-du-nord des années 1920 aux années 1950." Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20008.
Full textIn the 1980's, "the Côtes-du-Nord " a rural Breton department is noted for its majority vote for the left, in the heart of a Brittany which generally tends to be biased towards the right wing. This evolution, initiated at the beginning of the 20th century, has re-emerged, profiting from the radicalism of the 1930's. Because of the great depression and of the political and social struggles from 1934 to 1938, the S. F. I. O. , then the P. C. F. , still relatively ineffective, have sown the first seeds of their later success. The decisive turn around comes about with the German occupation (economic pillage, repression, ect. . . ) Because the population rejects quickly the occupiers, the collaborating parties and the Vichy regime especially in the West region and in the Tregor. The resistance is born in 1941 and 1942 (networks, first sabotages); the P. C. F. Reorganises itself and acts in conjunction with the f. T. P. F. The movements develop in 1943 ("Front national, Libé Nord, Défense de la France"). In 1943 and 1944, the actions of the resistance increase and prepare for the rising "en masse" of the maquis and the F. F. I. 's who make a decisive contribution to the American forces for the liberation after a short period of duality of powers after the liberation, a new balance of political power emerges. The Marxist left has the majority in 1946 (1st P. C. F. , 2nd S. F. I. O. ) ahead of the M. R. P. (1rst party), the U. D. S. R. And the radicals under the leadership of r. Pleven who becomes one of the principal Breton notables towards 1950. The economy and the society evolve little despite the effect of the war. Nevertheless the Breton and Gallo regions demonstrate different political and social tendencies from the 1920's up to the 1950's
Nóvoa, António. "La construction du "modèle scolaire" dans l'Europe du Sud-Ouest (Espagne, France, Portugal) : des années 1860 aux années 1920." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040016.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the historical shaping of the “school model” in Southwest Europe (Spain, France and Portugal), from the 1860s to the 1920s. It is a comparative historical research that adopts a “middle range” strategy, between the overly generalised world-system approaches and the overly specific historical national cases. The first section proposes a state of the art of historical studies (chapter one) and comparative researches in the educational field (chapter two). The second section is built around a definition of the “school model” (chapter three) with the following chapters dedicated to the formation of national education systems (chapter four), the spread of mass schooling (chapter five), and the world diffusion of the school model (chapter six). The third section suggests an historical analysis of the four pillars of the school model: the transformation of children into pupils (chapter seven), the mass schooling curriculum (chapter eight), the professionalisation process of teaching (chapter nine), and pedagogy as an expert-discourse on education (chapter ten). The dissertation ends with an historical interpretation of the school modernity, after an analysis of narratives and report missions among the three countries (1910s-1920s), that paves the way to a discussion of the “progressive education” movement (1920s-1930s) and of the “crisis of schooling” that has inhabited contemporary societies since the middle of the 20th century
Marcos, Vicens Sixte. "Robert Desnos romancier. Théorie et pratique du roman surréaliste des années 1920." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4925.
Full textPlarier, Antonin. "Le Banditisme rural en Algérie à la période coloniale (1871 - années 1920)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H019.
Full textRural banditry in Algeria during the colonial period is a significant social phenomenon and is a gateway to understand social relations in rural and colonial situations.The process of land dispossession and the questioning of user rights in forest areas fuel rural conflicts. Banditry is an exacerbated expression of these conflicts. Bandits are defined by the state who set the areas of the law and those of the outlaw. The phenomenon preoccupies the administration constantly, but the degree of anxiety varies depending on political situations. In 1890s for example, the autorities consider as a fact threatening its domination. This perceived resistance gives rise to a repressive reaction. This reaction faces difficulties and even a hostility emaning from rural society.The intervention of the armed force may be the ultimate outcome of episodes of banditry even if the repressive repertoire implemented shows a great diversity. Banditry is going through a period of peak with the First World War. The unpopularity of conscription favors insubordination and desertion, which in turn feed gangs of bandits. This activity worries the autority, anxious about potential revolts. These are realized besides in favor of the autumn 1916 in the Belezma. A strong interaction is expressed between bandits and insurgents, the first playing a leading role in this episode
Lescure, Michel. "Les petites et moyennes entreprises industrielles dans la France des années 1920." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100011.
Full textThe dissertation deals with the performance of small and little size industrial enterprises in France in the 1920. The study of 1500 firm suggest that, during the grout part of this decade, growth and profitability performance of medium size enterprise has been better than those experienced by large firms. The reasons for such performances are searched through the managerial strategies and the life cycle characteristics of the firms. Even though the study of these strategies leads to emphasize the flexibility of the SMI’s. , it also shows that the shortage of financing in the early 1920s and that of labor force in the late 1920s were to make more difficult the role played by these firms in economic growth
Stoffel, Sophie. "Institutionnalisation du féminisme et représentation politique: le cas du Chili depuis la fin des années 1980." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210489.
Full textDoctorat en sciences politiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Thouvenel, Eric. "Les images de l'eau dans le cinéma français des années 20." Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20047.
Full textFrom the end of the First World War to the advent of the sound film, French cinema never stopped dealing with water, in all its forms. This thesis intend to shed light on the historical reasons of such an attraction, and to show how the filmmakers, following in the avant-garde's wake, used the wide visual ressources of the element to demonstrate the potential of cinema as a visual art. Unveiling, through the images of water, some original forms of matter or landscape, this period of French cinema thus questioned representation itself, and progressed in a significant way towards the understanding of cinematographic device properties
Marec, Yannick. "Bienfaisance communale et protection sociale sous la Troisième République : le système rouennais d'assistance publique des années 1870 aux années 1920." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010667.
Full textMichel, Florian. "Un réseau d'intellectuels européens en Amérique du Nord : diffusion, réception et américanisation de la pensée catholique : années 1920-années 1960." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE5016.
Full textBauer, Thomas. "La sportive dans la littérature française des années folles." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100154.
Full textThis research work which is ai the crossroads of the history of sport, women and literature allows the reader to rediscover the spisu of the Roaring twenties. In 1919 at a time when sport literature was beginning to develop and tèmale sport was very popular (many female sports associations were created), a whole génération of writers was taking interest in sportswomen. Those writers were so full of admiration for the female athletes, tennis players, skiers, soccer players or even boxers who showed how independent they could be on a typically mate lield that they transposed them into their fictions. They did so because they thought sportswomen represented modernity and could therefore fend an easy place in the literary arena. While defending a brand new image of pugnacious, reckless and modem women, those storytellers, novelists and poets distanced themselves from medical, moral or educational criticisms and in that way contributed to the evolution of mentalities. In the first part of this thesis (Grounds) 1 will review how the sportswomen could fit and act in the varions literary genres, according to these writers. In the second part (Teams) I will study the mate and female stereotypes and identify the main social perceptions sportswomen showed. To finish with, in the third part (Feats) I will analyse the way their sport performances were described and honored
Weber, Anne. "Missionnaires et chrétientés en Chine au XVIIIe siècle : l''exemple de la mission du SICHUAN (années 1730-1760): autour du journal du prêtre chinois André Li et la correspondance missionnaire." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070048.
Full textIn this work we aim to study the attitude of the missionaries and Christians in 18 Century's Szechwan (China), who had to cope with prosecutions, and the organisation of the mission in such a difficult context. We also study the specificities of the Christian religion in Szechwan, its progression and the important action of the Chinese priests -particularly Andrew Li, whose diary we have integrally studied and partly translated - in the mission
Rondinelli, Maria Francesca. "Histoire littéraire, artistique et culturelle de la naissance des avant-gardes surréalistes en Égypte francophone, des années 1920 aux années 1940." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. https://thares.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/2020GRALL007.pdf.
Full textIn Egypt from the end of the thirties to the post-war period, a group of young intellectuals led the collective "Art et Liberté / Al-Fann w-al-Hurryiah". From an artistic, literary and political point of view it conveyed libertarian, revolutionary and egalitarian messages that were almost unique in the Middle East.The collective was inspired by the principles of the Fédération Internationale de l’Art Révolutionnaire et Indépendant, created in 1938 by André Breton and Léon Trotski, it gathered around the French-speaking polemicist Georges Henein and the artist and theorist Ramses Younane. The group was the cultural center that led to the introduction of the surrealism in Egypt, through five art exhibitions during the Second World War, cultural magazines, also in Arabic and publishers publishing authors that at the time were little known to the general public.Through the analysis of the cultural and artistic context of the period preceding the activities of "Art and Liberty / Al-Fann w-al-Hurryiah", we retraced the circumstances of its emergence and the presence of the futuristic avant-garde and surrealists in Egypt, a territory of welcome and cultural animation which gave birth to autonomous artistic centers.The debate accompanying the nascent Egyptian art torn between calls for an ideal "Egyptianity" and a limitless admiration of everything coming from Europe is symptomatic of the recent artistic practices of the first country of Muslim tradition to have "imported" the European Beaux-Arts.It is in this context that "the surrealist group of Egypt" inscribes its manifestos and its struggles against the state monopoly of culture and art. Proclaiming the freedom of art and its rightful place in an Egypt with set and backward cultural conceptions, the manifestos, conferences, debates, editorial companies and exhibitions that the group animates are all milestones of a cultural revolution to which a part of the Egyptian youth aspires, in a period where one lives the imminent danger of the war and a great intellectual effervescence
Louis, Florian. "La science de l'ennemi : la réception de la Geopolitik en France, au Royaume-Uni et aux Etats-Unis (années 1920 - années 1950)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0119.
Full textThis interconnected history study highlights the slow process of semantic stabilization of the term « geopolitics » through the study of its international transmissions between the creation of the German school of Geopolitik, which made it popular at the beginning of the 1920s, and the beginning of the Cold War, during which geopolitical theories influenced directly the Two Worlds' strategies.It shows how the reception of geopolitics, originally perceived outside Germany as a pseudo-science aiming at justifying pangermanism, evolved progressively towards fascination, generating imitation and reinvention attempts — which desperately tried to find non-German origins to the field to make it acceptable. That is how the British geographer Halford Mackinder was praised in the United States as the founding father of a field of study which he never claimed being part of. Far from having suffered outside Germany, as is sometimes narrated, from long ostracism ending only at the end of the 1980s, geopolitics seems eventually to have become a field of study as constantly controversial as it is attactive, both attitudes coexisting and reinforcing each other
Seurat, Alexandre. "Le roman du délire. Hallucinations et délires dans le roman européen [années 1920-1940]." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030131.
Full textThis study highlights the role of the representation of delirium in the transformation of the European novel between the 1920s and the 1940s. Of central importance are the hallucinatory and delirious episodes that punctuate the narration in several major novels in English [chapter 15 of Ulysses of James Joyce and Mrs Dalloway of Virginia Woolf], German [Die Blendung of Elias Canetti, Berlin Alexanderplatz of Alfred Döblin and Steppenwolf of Hermann Hesse] and French [Journey to the end of night, Death on the installment plan, Guignol’s band of Louis-Ferdinand Céline and Moravagine of Blaise Cendrars]. Delirium is an issue in these years because it can no longer be easily defined: the line between reality and delirium has become blurred. In some novels, the proliferation of delirium is so prevalent that it destabilizes the narration itself, inviting the reader to interpret the whole story as the result of delirium. This transformation is doubtless linked to the revolution of psychopathology that deeply affects the period: the novelists know, often well, the methods of psychiatric observation and follow closely psychoanalysis, which by this time was well established. But fictional delirium eludes purely medical readings: composed of heterogeneous and sometimes impossible elements, submitted to unpredictable and puzzling changes, it resists a singular explanation, and serves as a window into the troubles of the time. By breaching the boundary between fiction and reality, fictional delirium becomes a political space where the novel puts into question its own powers