Relevant bibliographies by topics / China urban design and theory

Academic literature on the topic 'China urban design and theory'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "China urban design and theory"

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Chu, Dong. "Aesthetic Visual Ecology and Urban Landscape Planning." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 1479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.1479.

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The guiding ideology of modern urban planning has changed from space theory to the ecological theory. Urban landscape ecological planning is concerned about “Design with Nature” based on the ecological and the holistic point of view. The philosophy of the aesthetic visual ecology is to achieve the transformation from the traditional “physical planning” to the “ecological planning” in the urban design. The consideration of the aesthetic visual ecology will be a major step in humanizing and re-shaping the urban landscape, which will also serve as a guide in the urbanization of China.
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Hong, Ren, Wang Peng, Cai Weiguang, Li Dandan, Du Yongjie, Sun Junqiao, and Daniel Abramson. "Visitor Center Design Research Based on Resilience Theory." Open House International 41, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2016-b0001.

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Visitor center plays an important role in the normal operation and sustainable development of scenic spots, especially as a portal image of its management. This paper presents resilience theory for visitor centers to identify some common issues in designing visitor centers in China scenic spots, including the lack of function, loss of architectural characteristics, and difficultly in adapting to changes in the number of visitors with periodic variations. The framework of resilience theory was set from four dimensions, namely, resilience and match in the composition of ontology function, the extended function, integration of buildings into the surrounding environment, and alternative construction technologies and materials. This theory was explained and analyzed with the application of the theory in practice in combination with the design of Mount Hua visitor center. Results showed that resilience theory yields good application effect.
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Wang, Lijian. "Nonlinear Differential Equations and Feedback Control Design for the Urban–Rural Resident Pension Insurance in China." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 25, no. 14 (December 30, 2015): 1540029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127415400295.

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Facing many problems of the urban–rural resident pension insurance system in China, one should firstly make sure that this system can be optimized. This paper, based on the modern control theory, sets up differential equations as models to describe the urban–rural resident pension insurance system, and discusses the globally asymptotic stability in the sense of Liapunov for the urban–rural resident pension insurance system in the new equilibrium point. This research sets the stage for our further discussion, and it is theoretically important and convenient for optimizing the urban–rural resident pension insurance system.
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Aniwar, Gulziyra, Jing Song Ma, Yliyar Jarmuhamet, and Teliekebieke Miysa. "Geospatial Database Design for China – Kazakhstan Tourism Resource Information System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 5413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.5413.

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This paper discusses the design method to construct the geospatial database for the China - Kazakhstan tourism resources information system, especially focuses on the design of the relational database structure for transportation network analysis. By expressing the logical structure of graph theory as four relational database tables, i.e. junction table, edge table, junction-edge connectivity table, and turning table, this topological structure can effectively express urban roads and inter-city roads within a relatively larger area and build complicated road networks, and it also can be applied to the shortest path analysis on different spatial scales.
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Chu, Dong. "Research on the Urban Ecological Landscape Based on the Theory of Chinese Garden City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 1236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.1236.

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China has been westernized in the process of the urbanization. Because of the rapid removal and reconstruction, many strange buildings are being built and our cities are becoming the testing field, which bring a permanent scar for the context of the city. Western forms are introduced and buildings are copying blindly. The westernized Chinese landscape has no cultural foundation as it is in the west. Chinese Garden City is a kind of Chinese ecological concept expression. It is not an attempt to searching for a universal design mode or a superficial copy of nature. This is a profound consideration about the urbanization of China. It is not a reflection of the traditional style, but an inevitable result of the city development. The concept of the Chinese Garden City establishes a new humanistic platform conforming to the Chinese cultural context and promotes design to return to the roots of the national culture.
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PERNICE, Dr Raffaele. "City and place identity in SIP Suzhou: Re-learning forgotten lessons from modern western urban design theory." Urbanie & Urbanus - Place Identity, no. 2 (September 2019): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55412/02.02.

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The impressive urban growth of China in the last few decades has been largely based on a sustained and state-sponsored economic development which by financing infrastructure development, fostering industrial and manufacturing production, and promoting an aggressive campaign to modernize the country, has deliberately pursued economic and social policies aimed at concentrating activities and people and reshaping and redesign many urban areas of the cities, with the result that the urban landscapes are changing rapidly, with mixed results, but at the cost of neglecting the safeguarding of the genuine spirit and still valuable features of the local places. Reflecting on the recent urban transformation in Suzhou, the paper intends to stress the importance of re-learning the lessons taught by a few highly influential architects and planners, and how the rediscovery of their theses and principles could be a precious resource to look at in order to initiate a different discourse on the design of vibrant, meaningful and beautiful urban spaces more in tune with the local identity.
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Zhao, Xuemin, and Xinbao Wang. "Design Innovation Evaluation of the Stadia in China." Open House International 41, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2016-b0009.

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At present, the evaluation methodology on the design innovation of the stadia is not complete. The degree of innovation of the design scheme of the stadia still cannot be quantitatively estimated; this inability makes it difficult to guide the selection of a design scheme. To solve the problem of evaluation on the innovative design of the stadia, improve such design’s evaluation theory, and accurately direct the selection of the design scheme of the stadia, the Delphi method is used to select evaluation indexes. Moreover, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to determine the index weight in this study; based on this index weight, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to establish the model of the design innovation evaluation of the stadia. The model involves the comprehensive and simple selection of indexes and the high reliability of weight selection; the model can quantitatively calculate the comprehensive index evaluation value of the design innovation of the stadia in a relatively accurate and rapid way. In this study, Hunan People’s Stadium is taken as the example for design innovation evaluation; the procedure of design innovation evaluation is introduced in detail. The design innovation evaluation value of the stadia is 2.977 through analysis; this value indicates an ordinary degree of innovation. The innovation evaluation value of the shape is 3.425; this value shows a relatively high degree of innovation. The innovation evaluation value of the structure is 2.47; this value represents a relatively low degree of innovation. The model in this study is an accurate and prompt model that can conduct a comprehensive evaluation on the design innovation of the stadia based on quantitative calculation. This model directly and comprehensively finds the advantages and disadvantages of a design scheme. Thus, it is quite suitable for the design innovation evaluation of the stadia.
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Fu, Guoqun, Yang Li, and Xianzheng Fei. "The evolution of urban wedding consumption in China since 1970s." Journal of Contemporary Marketing Science 1, no. 1 (September 3, 2018): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcmars-09-2018-0011.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the evolution of wedding-related consumption of urban families in China during the past 50 years. Design/methodology/approach This study used qualitative and quantitative approaches to collect and analyse data from 157 families in China. Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews and questionnaire surveys. Findings The findings are as follows: average wedding expenses per family have increased, mainly as a result of the substantial growth of indirect wedding costs; the percentage of total wedding expenses represented by direct costs pertaining to the ritual is trending downwards; the percentage of total wedding expenses borne by the groom’s family is much higher than that borne by the bride’s family, and the gap is enlarging; the proportion of newlyweds living with parents was more than 50 per cent in the 1970s and 1980s, decreased to 10 per cent in the 1990s and began slightly increasing again after 2000. Research limitations/implications The authors used signal investment theory to explain the fact that the groom’s family bears more of the wedding expenses than the bride’s family does, but more evidences are needed to verify the theory. Originality/value This study contributes to the understanding of evolution of wedding consumption of urban families in China, as well as how social and economic factors influence wedding consumptions in different ages, an area with limited previous research. The authors also propose signal investment theory as an alternative explanation to current wedding consumption theories to justify the phenomenon.
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McCormack, Art, Brenda Case Scheer, Noha Nasser, Derry O'Connell, Tony Hall, and Feng Song. "Volume 17.1 viewpoints." Urban Morphology 17, no. 1 (April 1, 2013): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51347/jum.v17i1.2887.

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Informing and forming practice: the imperative of urban morphology A. McCormack The master plan is dead: long live urban morphology B. C. Scheer The contemporary city: speaking the same language in design and theory N. Nasser Morphology and design: the developing dialogue D. O’Connell The potential influence of urban morphology on planning practice T. Hall Bridging the research-practice gap: the case of China F. Song Translating ‘Alnwick’ into Italian: a tribute to M. R. G. Conzen G. Cataldi Vegetation as a component of urban form M. I. W. Hopkins Urban form and energy V. Oliveira and M. Silva Morphological complexity: a response T. Haghani Fractal assessment: some questions and comments K. Ley
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Shi, Rongrong, Dian Song, Guoqiang Rui, and Hainan Wu. "How the Establishment of the National Civilized City Promotes Urban Green Development: From the Perspective of Administrative Competing Theory—A Quasi Experiment Study in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 11103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191711103.

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Green development is the core goal for contemporary urban areas. It has become essential to explore new types of urban green development, and the concept of the “national civilized city” which is the most influential city brand in China, has emerged. Drawing upon the administrative competing theory, based on the panel data of 281 cities in China from 2000 to 2018, this paper employs a propensity scores matching (PSM) design and a difference-in-difference (DID) approach to examine the influence of the establishment of the national civilized city policy on the green development of prefecture-level cities in China. First, the result shows that the establishment of the national civilized city policy can significantly improve the urban green total factor productivity (GTFP). Second, the mediation mechanism analyses show that the establishment of national civilized city policy can promote cities to increase their investment in R&D, increase the financial investment in environmental governance, and optimize the industrial structure, which further lays a solid foundation for urban green development. Third, the heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of civilized city construction on urban GTFP is different in terms of population and economic scales. The results show that the weight of environmental management and R&D investment should be increased in the evaluation index of the national civilized city, and the promotion of urban green development should be maximized.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "China urban design and theory"

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Chang, Henry 1967. "Sustainable urban design in China." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8346.

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Thesis (M.Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-88).
What constitutes sustainable architecture? Clearly, this is a question very much in vogue nowadays, and contemporary responses have been framed for the most part by topics such as new building technologies, energy conservation, climatically and environmentally responsive design, recyclable materials, and so on. Though sustainable architecture must certainly be about many, if not all of these things, my thesis proposes a much more familiar architectural response. Namely, I argue that the design of spaces that facilitate and promote communities is not only a necessary condition for a sustainable architecture, it is the necessary pre-condition. How does an architecture facilitate and promote communities? I have chosen the problem of housing as the vehicle to answer this question, because I believe one's living arrangement ought to be a critical opportunity for community life. To take advantage of this opportunity, I have tried to provide for variety and flexibility in public spaces, because these contribute directly to the viability and longevity of any community. I have tried to think of ways that architecture can actually give people something to do, activities that can be shared, perhaps even by cross-sections of society that do not typically have much to do with one another, because such successful collaboration is essential for the vitality of any community. And I have tried to strike a realistic balance between the day-to-day demands of contemporary lifestyles and the long term goals for a globally sustainable environment, because communities can best be expected to thrive when the needs of both the present and future generations are met.
by Henry Chang.
M.Arch.
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Carnegie, F. L. "Language theory and urban design." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323128.

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Xu, Miao. "Gated communities in China : urban design concerns." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2009. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55826/.

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Against the backdrop of market transition and urbanisation, the gated community have gained a strikingly fast growth in China in the last two decades. Looking at the key forces shaping the design and the socio-spatial consequences, this research aims to understand the design issues of gated community with respect to the well-being of the neighbouring public spaces and urban life in-between. From the perspective of spatial political economy, and based on Manuel Castells's definition of 'urban design', this study develops a research framework emphasizing the significance of context around the gated community phenomenon. A two-phase strategy is adopted to explore firstly the historical background of gated community in China with respect to the general morphological transformation and the socio-cultural and political-economic impetus behind it. Then, it narrows the focus on to a case study of a set of gated communities in the Dragon Lake Garden urban neighbourhood in Chongqing, aiming to examine in detail the design process and consequences for local public spaces. The specific methods of documentary analysis, secondary survey, direct observation, semi-structured interview are used for this research. It was the reform towards commodity housing system, and fundamentally, the de facto neo-liberal governance, that decisively gave birth to China's gated community in an era of rapid urbanisation, rural-to-urban mass migration, widening gap and confrontation between the rich and poor. But the conventional roots help account for the prevalence of the gated community in contemporary China, which embodies, or re-interprets, the traditional values, habitat culture, and morphologies that are deeply embedded in Chinese urban history. As the laissez-faire attitude in local authorities has created a favourable context for gated community development, the specific physical features have been decided largely by the developers who emphasize their own economic interests and the needs of their member-residents. However, this private-oriented approach does not necessarily result in a negative relationship between gated community and the neighbouring public spaces. The empirical investigation in this research shows that both spatial-morphological and socio-behavioural outcomes vary greatly according to different physical arrangements, and could be either positive or negative. In this regard, the design features have played an effective role in manipulating such relationship, and there are three key elements for the design of gated community. By limiting the enclosure size, diversifying the boundary effect visually and functionally, and maximising the shared amenities and facilities, a spatially and socially integrated urban neighbourhood can be fostered on the basis of a reciprocal and interdependent relationship between the gated community and the adjoining public spaces. Such physical manipulation and changes, although oriented to the public good, were not contradictory to the private interest of gated communities by nature. The private effort in this case should be encouraged and supported, but it should also be supervised and guided by the public sector. Therefore, sufficient supervision/support from government is the prerequisite of the successful physical manipulation and the final performance of the gated community development at large. Unfortunately, the local government failed to take a leading role in this regard. Very often, it was the failings or inactions on the part of the current planning regime rather than the gated community itself that resulted in the fragmented urban space which amplified the negative impacts of gated communities.
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Ng, yin-wang Colin, and 吳彥宏. "Urban design for renewal: a legible MongKok." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42931113.

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吳建城 and Kin-shing Ng. "Land acquisition for urban renewal and urban design by Land Development Corporation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980260.

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Hu, Jiayu, and 胡嘉渝. "Designing Hong Kong towards a sustainable urban form: the significance of urban design." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260512.

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蔡鴻達 and Hung-tat Lennon Choy. "Urban renewal in Hong Kong: toward a strategic urban design approach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980168.

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Li, Shengshu. "Community Design For China’s Urban Elderly." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397736298.

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Ng, Kim-wai, and 吳劍偉. "Urban design guidelines for urban planning: their applications in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43893570.

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Harland, Robert George. "Graphic design as urban design : towards a theory for analysing graphic objects in urban environments." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12350/.

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This thesis presents a model for analysing the graphic object as urban object, by considering atypical fields of discourse that contribute to the formation of the object domain. The question: what is graphic design as urban design? directs the research through an epistemological design study comprising: an interrogation of graphic design studio practice and the articulation of graphic design research questions; a review and subsequent development of research strategy, design and method towards the articulation of methodology that reflects the nature of the inquiry; a detailed analysis of five different ways to study and research graphic design as urban design, in geography, language, visual communication, art and design, and urban design. The outcome of the investigation is a model that enables future research in the urban environment to benefit from micro-meso-macrographic analysis. The model endeavours to provide a way to evaluate, design and enhance ‘public places and urban spaces’ by considering different scales of symbolic thought and deed. This has been achieved by acknowledging the relationship between the relatively miniscule detail of graphic symbolism, the point at which this becomes visible through increased scale, and the instances when it dominates the urban realm. Examples are considered that show differences between, for example, the size and spacing of letter shapes on a pedestrian sign, compared to the ‘visual’ impact of an iconic building in the cityscape. In between is a myriad of graphic elements that are experienced and designed by many different professional disciplines and occupations. These are evidenced and explained. Throughout the study an indiscriminating literature review is interwoven with the text, accompanied by tabular information, and visual data in the form of photographs and diagrams. This is mainly research-driven data utilising photographs from fieldwork in Brazil, Canada, Hong Kong, Italy, Portugal, South Korea, United Kingdom, and United States of America. The methodology integrates a transdisciplinary adaptive theory approach derived from sociological research, with graphic method (utilising a wider scope of visual data usually associated with graph theory). The following images provide sixteen examples of artefacts representing the graphic object as urban object phenomenon.
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Books on the topic "China urban design and theory"

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Christopher, Alexander, ed. A New theory of urban design. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

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Georgia, Bizios, ed. Architectural theory and criticism, urban design theory, architectural history. Durham, N.C: Eno River Press, 1991.

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Bahrainy, Hossein, and Ameneh Bakhtiar. Toward an Integrative Theory of Urban Design. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32665-8.

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Southworth, Michael. Theory and practice of contemporary urban design: A look at American urban design plans. [Berkeley, Calif.]: Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California at Berkeley, 1990.

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Digital modelling for urban design. Chichester, England: Wiley, 2008.

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Reinventing the skyscraper: A vertical theory of urban design. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Wiley-Academy, 2002.

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Ye, Chao. A Theory and History of Rural–urban Governance in China. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1201-5.

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Rodolphe, El-Khoury, and Robbins Edward 1944-, eds. Shaping the city: Studies in history, theory and urban design. New York, NY 10001: Routledge, 2003.

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Georgia, Bizios, ed. Architectural design, architectural theory, history, and criticism, human behavior, professional practice, special topics, urban design theory and history. Chapel Hill, NC: Eno River Press, 1998.

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Georgia, Bizios, ed. Architectural design, architectural theory and criticism, environmental issues, human behavior, professional practice, special topics, urban design theory and history. Chapel Hill, NC: Eno River Press, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "China urban design and theory"

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Bahrainy, Hossein, and Ameneh Bakhtiar. "Urban Design Theory." In University of Tehran Science and Humanities Series, 29–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32665-8_3.

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Reicher, Christa. "A Journey: From History to Theory." In Urban Design, 23–46. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34370-5_3.

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Billig, Noah. "Generative urban design theory." In Istanbul, 31–45. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Built environment city studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315270289-3.

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Botero, Andrea, and Joanna Saad-Sulonen. "(Challenges and opportunities of) documentation practices of self-organised urban initiatives." In Participatory Design Theory, 230–46. New York : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge research in planning and urban design: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315110332-16.

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Meeus, Bruno, and Burak Pak. "Reflections on the counter-mapping of urban ‘arrival neighborhoods’ through Geoweb 2.0 in Brussels and Ghent." In Participatory Design Theory, 40–55. New York : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge research in planning and urban design: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315110332-4.

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Zamojski, Tomasz. "Computer Aided Urban Landscape Design Process." In Theory and Applications of Dependable Computer Systems, 686–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48256-5_67.

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Ye, Chao. "Rural–Urban Relations in Modern China." In A Theory and History of Rural–urban Governance in China, 165–211. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1201-5_6.

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Birkeland, Janis. "Sustainability and Positive Development Theory." In Net-Positive Design and Sustainable Urban Development, 87–108. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429290213-4.

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Xue, Charlie Q. L., and Guanghui Ding. "State involvement in urban expansion and green architecture." In A History of Design Institutes in China, 113–40. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge research in architecture: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203709917-6.

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Shao, Zisheng. "Literature Review of New Urban Area Theory in Contemporary China." In The New Urban Area Development, 31–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44958-5_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "China urban design and theory"

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Cao, Cong, and Suning Xu. "Research on strategies of low-impact urban design in China. Take Beijing waterfront urban design evaluation as an example." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/scnd7643.

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This paper aims to provide theoretical method support and practical experience for creating environment friendly urban space by low-impact urban design methods, and discussed on two aspects of theory and practice. Firstly, the definition of low-impact urban design in the context of Chinese cities is expounded by combing the development stage of urban design environment view and analysing the development needs of Chinese cities. Then, it discusses the framework content and evolution process of low-impact urban design in China, and puts forward the view that low-impact development elements and low-impact design control elements are mutually dependent and mutually reinforcing. Next, the objects and related characteristics of low-impact urban design are explained from multiple perspectives, as object system, object composition and basic characteristics. Relevant strategy formulation is the focus of this paper. First, it is necessary to establish a low-impact urban design system in coordination with legal planning, so as to help implement the low-impact design concept with the seriousness and execution of legal planning. Secondly, the framework of low-impact urban design control elements including 5 different layers is established, which can effectively evaluate and optimize the impact of design results on the city. Thirdly, the value evaluation mechanism of dynamic cycle is proposed, which is helpful to the implementation of low-impact urban design and the restoration of design intention. Finally, the paper takes Beijing waterfront urban design evaluation as an example to apply the low impact evaluation model proposed in this paper, and satisfactory results were obtained
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Xiao, Yan, Bingxin Wang, and Hui Sun. "Quantitative analysis of the topologic morphology of urban street network based on system coupling theory." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/eogp1958.

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Researchers are increasingly paying attention to urban morphology to address problems regarding urban form and to sustain the development of urban economy, society, and environments. A preliminary research framework was built to conduct coupling analyses on street form and block functions. These analyses are implemented using a planar graph method and using quantitative descriptions of the urban streets functions, but the coupling relation of street morphology and block function cannot be well defined, and it often cannot be analyzed in multi-level and multi-scale. Along with two proposed measuring parameters (connectivity and accessibility of coupling networks), the framework was used to quantitatively analyze the coupling coordination degree of the topologic morphology and functional structure of block samples for various urban streets. Through empirical research on different samples from Dalian, China, we validated the operability and urban street network coupling analysis in different spatial regions in built environments. This technique can be used to study the overall spatial morphology and design urban streets at different scales and scopes. Further, it helps recognize the space and cultural connotations of urban streets via spatial coupling, compare different urban textures, and predict design results to foster discussions on the optimization of urban planning design schemes.
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Tang, Lian, and Wowo Ding. "Morpho-based Study on Urban Street Spatial Configuration: The Case of Nanjing City, China." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6003.

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As the most important part of urban space, street space is often regarded as the urban design object which would be made to reach certain spatial configuration expected by urban designer. As we all know that street space is shaped by the buildings along it, and that the buildings not only belong to different owners but also would be changed through the time. If it is true one might ask how does the street space change and what does this change mean to the urban development? Based upon urban morphological theory this paper investigates the relationships between street spatial configuration and urban development policies, building coding as well as urban activities. Three streets located in the center of Nanjing City with different functions and various land uses along them are selected as the research cases. Though the research this paper will demonstrate that by reading the changes of the street spatial configurations we can understand the social development stages and times, and by evaluating the street spatial configurations through the time we can see how the land policies changed the spaces. The paper suggests that confronting the dynamic phenomenon of the urban street space, urban designer should see urban form as urban morph, which will help designers to make decision more proper and better.
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Zhang, Dianhong, and Suning Xu. "Research on Humanistic Technology of Urban Design of Historical Blocks in Harbin." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/xdcr5147.

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Nowadays, with globalization sweeping across cities, more and more cities tend to develop in the same way, while the sense of existence of local identity becomes weaker. It is often the preferred choice of the city government to construct distinctive characteristics with the help of urban design. Historical blocks have their own unique cultural connotations. How to make them retain their own traditional context in the rapid urban renewal and maintain vitality with the development of the city is an urgent problem to be solved in urban design. In this paper, the research objects are two historical blocks in Harbin which is a representative historical city located on the Northeast China. One of objects is the Central Street of Harbin, which attracts countless foreign visitors every year as a popular tourist area. The other object is the Chinese Baroque Historical Block, which is deserted after renovation and planning. On the basis of urban design, this paper makes a comparative analysis of two historical blocks from the perspective of social humanities, and puts forward the humanistic technology of urban design. Humanistic technology are divided into two technical routes: human and culture. The study of human includes the living needs of local residents, the behavioural feelings of foreign users, the control and management of government development and the distribution of interests of investors. The study of culture includes the combing of the history and culture of the block, the embodiment of space culture and the promotion of value culture. This paper attempts to build a universal theory framework. Humanistic technology will be used as research foundation for urban design in the renovation and conservation planning of cultural heritage.
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Li, Shuai. "Children-friendly design of urban public space based on the study of Shanghai, China." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/znxx7695.

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At present, more than 50% of children live in big cities. But with the increasing number of motor vehicles and shrinking public spaces , children have less and less opportunities for outdoor activities, resulting in obesity and sub-health problems. Therefore, it is very important to build children-friendly public spaces in metropolis. This study takes the Shanghai,china as an example.Firstly,through questionnaires,it is found that ensuring the safe movement of children and inspiring their spontaneous activities are key points to build children-friendly public spaces. Meanwhile, The public spaces near the home are the most used environment by children. Therefore, open spaces in metropolis areas need to be planned carefully for children near their homes. Then it is way much better to make sure children's places of daily life, such as homes, schools, green spaces, sports venues and so on, can be connected in a safe path. Secondly, for building the safe path for children ,the safety of each spot along the path is analyzed by SP method, which is a mathematical algorithm , in order to find the risk factors and to avoid them in the future. Then we establish the action plan of "line space + point space" to build the children-friendly urban public space system. Line space refers to meeting the basic safety space needs of children through the improvement of the routes to school, including reducing the impact of motor vehicles, safe road facilities, and enhancing road lighting system. "Point space" refers to the promotion of children's outdoor activities through the arrangement of multi-level outdoor children's playgrounds and green spaces, including safe green parks, security platforms and so on. Finally, it is hoped that the "Safety Line Space + Interesting Point Space" plan will establish a safe and inspiring path for children to travel, linking home, school, green space and sports venues, which they use mostly in their daily life. Then we can ensure the safe movement of children and inspire children's spontaneous games in big cities for a children-friendly goal
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Liu, Chengcheng. "Strategies on healthy urban planning and construction for challenges of rapid urbanization in China." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/subf4944.

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In the past 40 years, China has experienced the largest and fastest urbanization development in the world. The infrastructure, urban environment and medical services of cities have been improved significantly. The health impacts are manifested in the decrease of the incidence of infectious diseases and the significant increase of the life span of residents. However, the development of urbanization in China has also created many problems, including the increasing pollution of urban environment such as air, water and soil, the disorderly spread of urban construction land, the fragmentation of natural ecological environment, dense population, traffic congestion and so on. With the process of urbanization and motorization, the lifestyle of urban population has changed, and the disease spectrum and the sequence of death causes have changed. Chronic noncommunicable diseases have replaced acute infectious diseases and become the primary threat to urban public health. According to the data published by the famous medical journal The LANCET on China's health care, the economic losses caused by five major non-communicable diseases (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, breast cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) will reach US$23 trillion between 2012 and 2030, more than twice the total GDP of China in 2015 (US$11.7 trillion). Therefore, China proposes to implement the strategy of "Healthy China" and develop the policy of "integrating health into ten thousand strategies". Integrate health into the whole process of urban and rural planning, construction and governance to form a healthy, equitable and accessible production and living environment. China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. The main strategies from national system design to local planning are as follows. First of all, the top-level design of the country. There are two main points: one point, the formulation of the Healthy China 2030 Plan determines the first batch of 38 pilot healthy cities and practices the strategy of healthy city planning; the other point, formulate and implement the national health city policy and issue the National Healthy City. The evaluation index system evaluates the development of local work from five aspects: environment, society, service, crowd and culture, finds out the weak links in the work in time, and constantly improves the quality of healthy city construction. Secondly, the reform of territorial spatial planning. In order to adapt to the rapid development of urbanization, China urban plan promote the reform of spatial planning system, change the layout of spatial planning into the fine management of space, and promote the sustainable development of cities. To delimit the boundary line of urban development and the red line of urban ecological protection and limit the disorderly spread of urban development as the requirements of space control. The bottom line of urban environmental quality and resource utilization are studied as capacity control and environmental access requirements. The grid management of urban built environment and natural environment is carried out, and the hierarchical and classified management unit is determined. Thirdly, the practice of special planning for local health and medical distribution facilities. In order to embody the equity of health services, including health equity, equity of health services utilization and equity of health resources distribution. For the elderly population, vulnerable groups and patients with chronic diseases, the layout of community health care facilities and intelligent medical treatment are combined to facilitate the "last kilometer" service of health care. Finally, urban repair and ecological restoration design are carried out. From the perspective of people-oriented, on the basis of studying the comfortable construction of urban physical environment, human behavior and the characteristics of human needs, to tackle "urban diseases" and make up for "urban shortboard". China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. Committed to the realization of a constantly developing natural and social environment, and can continue to expand social resources, so that people can enjoy life and give full play to their potential to support each other in the city.
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LU, Tingying, Jiali LI, and Ning PENG. "Heterotopic space characteristics of urban village in China: Take Guandongdian district in Beijing as an example." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6034.

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Heterotopic space characteristics of urban village in China: Take Guandongdian district in Beijing as an example Lu Tingying¹, Li Jiali2, Peng Ning2 ¹Center of Architecture Research and Design. University Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences. UCAS Youth Apartment, No. 80 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China 2Center of Architecture Research and Design. University Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences. UCAS Youth Apartment, No. 80 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China E-mail: 1102684155@qq.com, lijiali020020@163.com, pengning18@sina.com Keywords: Heterotopias, space characteristics, urban village, Guandongdian, diversification Conference topics and scale: Urban form and social use of space For the first time in the history of China, more of its mainland population are living in cities than in rural villages. The land acquisition and real estate development have caused rapid disappearance and decline of a large number of traditional villages, resulting in "urban villages" in China. They seem chaotic, but contain rich and colorful social life. The living environment is really harsh, but people always maintain close relationship with each other. They are different from neither the modern urban nor traditional villages, but they have their own unique vitality. Such heterogeneous space is always a symbol of historical change and cultural collision which, according to the French philosopher Michel Foucault, can be called Heterotopias. In order to study this heterotopic phenomenon, the triangular area of Guandongdian district in Beijing has been chosen as the object of this case study. With the in-depth investigation of interviews, observation, statistics and sketches, this paper is trying to interpret the characteristics of the heterotopic state of the urban village from three aspects of social form, urban morphology and architectural feature. Eventually, in order to keep the complexity and diversification of urban village, several strategies are put forward for reference to future transforming practice. References Foucault, M. (1967) Of Other Spaces: Utopias and Heterotopias, Trans. Miskoviec, J.(1984), Architecture /Mouvement /Continuité (http://foucault.info/documents/heteroTopia/foucault.heteroTopia.en.html) Selina Abraham. (2013) ‘The heterotopic space of Chirag Delhi’, unpublished research paper, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi. WANG Su. (2013) ‘Heterotopias versus Cultural Imagination: An Interpretation of the Metropolitan Space of Tianjin from the Perspective of Michel Foucault’ s Of Other Spaces (Heterotopias)’ Journal of Nanyang Normal University 12, 50-53.
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Mengyuan, Zhu, and Leng Jiawei. "The exploration and application of urban profile in city analysis, illustrated by the case of Chongqing." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.4800.

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Based on the theory of urban morphology, traditional approahes usually focus on planar exploration, which have limitations and errors for mountainous cities. Began with urban profile, this essay aims to provide a new perspective in urbanization reinterpretation. As a case, a typical region in Chongqing, a famous mountainous city of China, from Shibati road to Hongyadong historical district is chosen for the urban profile line. Two aspects, including space construction and social humanistic environment are emphasized in prototype extraction in the urban profile. The final target is to provide some theoretical methods for urban design with regional features.
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Luan, Xiaoying, and Yi Zhang. "A study on the mode of public participation in Chinese urban design under the concept of multi-body participation. Community building oriented with multi-age participation." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/gxie2200.

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With the society and economy of China entering the transition period, people's requirements for urban life show a trend of diversification and high standards. Urban design is no longer limited to physical space but starts to carry out multi-angle and multi-level comprehensive consideration on the social and spatial problems of symbiosis. In this context, the innovative social governance and the quality improvement of urban public space that highlights the role of the public have become hot topics. As the main body of city users, ordinary people entering into the deep and substantial participation from the superficial and symbolic is the only way for urban design to transform from the expert-led "optimal scheme" to the "reasonable scheme" recognized by pluralistic bodies. In the process of western democratic politics, the participation theory that focuses on the construction of micro democracy is prevalent, and the public participation based on pluralism has become the theoretical basis for the planning participation. Besides, the concept of communicative planning and collaborative planning, which emphasize cooperation and consultation, also enriches the connotation of multiple participation. Due to different systems and awareness, it is difficult to promote public participation under China's national conditions. Community building, the interdisciplinary product of urban design and social governance under communities, is regarded as the experimental field for participating in the reform. Therefore, under the current administrative system and regulations, this paper tries to make use of the grass-roots management mode with Chinese characteristics to establish an inclusive multi-participation mechanism. It allows residents of different ages can go deep into the process of community building by taking the family unit. Meanwhile, some suggestions and strategies are raised for effective participation. We hope the bottom-up process of urban design in microscale can be an effective instrument to reflect the public's will and repair social relations at the same time, while explore and solve urban problems in diverse cooperation.
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Zhang, Ye, Xiangya Xie, and Jie Zhang. "Exploring transformation of small and medium-sized historical towns in China with network analysis and user-generated open data." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6000.

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Ye ZHANG1, Xiangya XIE2, Jie ZHANG2 1 Department of Architecture, School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, Singapore 117566 2 School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, P. R. China E-mail: akizy@nus.edu.sg; xiexy15@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn; zjzhangjie@tinsghua.edu.cn Keywords (3-5): urban transformation, small and medium-sized historical Chinese cities, big data While an increasing number of research on transformation and conservation of historical areas of major Chinese cities have been witnessed in recent years (e.g. Whitehand et al, 2011; Whitehand et al 2014; Whitehand et al 2016, among many others), endeavours to studying more ordinary and small and medium-sized historical towns in China are rare. In the near future, those historical towns will be confronted with a new wave of developments, given that urbanisation of small and medium-sized cities and towns is high on China’s 13th five-year plan (2016-2020). This will pose a serious challenge to the conservation of their already vulnerable traditional urban fabric. This study aims to develop an accurate description of the transformation of built form, in particular street and block patterns, of the small and medium-sized historical towns, and how this is associated with the change of spatial distribution of urban activities. A total number of 36 towns in Zhejiang province, China are selected as case studies. Transformation of the urban fabric is examined based on cartographical maps of different historical periods using combined methods of urban network analysis and field survey. A large amount of user-generated geo-referenced open data, such as social media reviews, point-of-interest mapping, microblogs and night time illumination maps, are harnessed to produce a detailed description of urban activity patterns, of which the relationships to the transformation of urban form are investigated using multi-variate regression models. The results show how basic built form parameters such as spatial integration, between-ness centrality, block size and block depth can effectively and accurately describe the transformation of the small and medium-sized historical towns and how the formal changes are linked to the geographical shift of different urban activities. In which ways the findings can inform decision making in urban conservation practice to better address the tension between conservation and developments is discussed at the end.References: Whitehand Jeremy WR, Gu Kai, and Whitehand Susan M. (2011). "Fringe belts and socioeconomic change in China." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 38 (1):41-60 Whitehand Jeremy WR, Gu Kai, Conzen Michael P, and Whitehand Susan M. (2014). "The typological process and the morphological period: a cross-cultural assessment." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 41 (3):512-533. Whitehand Jeremy WR, Conzen Michael P, and Gu Kai. 2016. "Plan analysis of historical cities: a Sino-European comparison." Urban Morphology 20 (2):139-158.
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Reports on the topic "China urban design and theory"

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Yao, Yixin, Mingyuan Fan, Arnaud Heckmann, and Corazon Posadas. Transformative Solutions and Green Finance in the People’s Republic of China and Mongolia. Asian Development Bank Institute, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/xfvh2542.

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Asia has experienced widespread transformation and growth, accompanied by increased demographic pressure, greater intensification of agricultural production, industrialization, and urbanization. This economic growth has been very resource- and carbon-intensive, while climate change has triggered or exacerbated behaviors and defense mechanisms that have come at the expense of the natural environment. Therefore, we examine and compare three Asian Development Bank (ADB) projects in two member countries of the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation: one in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and two in Mongolia that relate to sustainable green development and use innovative financial mechanisms, and behavior-changing nudges. We provide comparative analyses and aim to demonstrate effective, innovative, and sustainable green finance and green transformation approaches in these two countries to address these pressures. The ADB–PRC loan for the Anhui Huangshan Xin’an River Ecological Protection and Green Development project aims to help Huangshan municipality reduce water pollution in the Xin’an River Basin, which is part of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The project is piloting innovative green financing mechanisms to reduce rural pollution and complement the ongoing interprovincial eco-compensation scheme while supporting green agroecological businesses through two interventions: the Green Investment Fund and the Green Incentive Mechanism. In Mongolia, ADB and the Government of Mongolia have developed two large-scale transformative projects using integrated design and innovative green financing mechanisms to leverage private sector investment: (i) Aimags and Soums Green Regional Development Investment Program, which aims to promote green urban–rural linkages, green agribusiness development, natural capital, rangeland regeneration, and soil carbon sequestration through the (ii) Ulaanbaatar Green Affordable Housing and Resilient Urban Renewal Project, which aims to transform Ulaanbaatar’s vulnerable and substandard peri-urban areas into low-carbon, resilient eco-districts that provide access to green affordable housing.
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Siebke, Christian, Maximilian Bäumler, Madlen Ringhand, Marcus Mai, Felix Elrod, and Günther Prokop. Report on integration of the stochastic traffic simulation. Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26128/2021.246.

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As part of the AutoDrive project, the OpenPASS framework is used to develop a cognitive-stochastic traffic flow simulation for urban intersection scenarios described in deliverable D1.14. This framework was adapted and further developed. The deliverable D5.13 deals with the construction of the stochastic traffic simulation. At this point of the process, the theoretical design aspects of D4.20 are implemented. D5.13 explains the operating principles of the different modules. This includes the foundations, boundary conditions, and mathematical theory of the traffic simulation.
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Price, Roz. Measuring Carbon Emissions From Low carbon Cities in Rapidly Urbanising Countries – Nepal. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.142.

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Climate change and urbanisation are inextricably linked. With the acceleration of urbanisation in many developing countries, urban areas play a major role in energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. This is true of Nepal, which has experienced rapid urbanisation in recent decades. However, no studies were identified that evaluate the efforts of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from low carbon cities in rapidly urbanising developing countries. Although, there is literature out there on this that focuses on developed countries and the Global North, this is outside the scope of this report. Given the rapid nature of this review and its limitations it was not possible to fully answer the question of whether investments in low-carbon cities reduce carbon emissions in rapidly urbanising contexts. The first section of this report looks at the theory of low carbon cities and touches on some of the methodologies for measuring carbon emissions from cities (and the complexities and difficulties with these). The second section looks at Nepal in more detail, highlighting previous literature which has attempted to quantify emissions from cities in Nepal (namely Kathmandu Valley) and the co-benefits of low carbon investment in Nepal. However, overall, literature was largely limited on these topics, and was often older being from 5 years or more ago. Of note is an emissions inventory for Nepal for 2016 by Sadavarte et al. (2019) – although other literature notes that data on emission characteristics are still limited (IMC Worldwide, 2020). ICLEI (2009) also produced city emissions profiles for 3 Nepalese cities, but these are quite outdated. There are several studies related to low carbon development pathways for major cities in developed countries or China, however such studies from the perspective of emerging cities from the developing world are limited. Research into other developing countries with similar characteristics to Nepal was briefly explored in this rapid review but there was not time to fully explore this literature base. Most of the literature explored is from academia, although some is from non-governmental organisations particularly those looking at engaging cities in climate action (such as C40). The literature explored does not look at gender issues or issues of people with disabilities.
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Chopra, Deepta, Devanik Saha, Luize Guimarães, Lucia Bernadete, and Kerry Selvestre. The case of MUVA Assistentes: Moving Beyond Income Generation to a New Approach Towards Achieving Women’s Empowerment. Institute of Development Studies, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/muva.2023.002.

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This paper highlights the case of MUVA Assistentes, a public works programme (PWP) that provided training and mentoring to young vulnerable women (YVW) in urban Mozambique. Our paper draws out the main learnings from the MUVA Assistentes project to inform the design of other PWPs that have women’s empowerment as their major aim. We show through our analysis that it is possible for PWPs to achieve women’s empowerment, but only if they go beyond a sole focus on income provision through paid work to women. Instead, we argue that if PWPs formulate their theory of change in line with Kabeer (1999)’s notion of empowerment, with its three interrelated dimensions (resources, agency and achievements), women’s empowerment through PWPs can be both realistic and long-lasting. PWPs have always been popular in low- and middle-income countries as tools for poverty alleviation and mitigating high unemployment rates among young people. Given the disproportionate impact of poverty on women and girls, many existing PWPs often include a ‘gender’ component in their theories of change. A common limitation of such PWPs and theories of change is their overarching focus on providing income opportunities, which they suggest leads to women’s empowerment. However, this has not been the case for most PWPs; hence, learnings from a project that has led to substantive empowerment of young women are highly valuable. The MUVA Assistentes project was a component of the broader MUVA Programme running in urban Mozambique. It provided training to YVW and gave them paid work as classroom assistants in primary schools for one academic year. The project addressed two major problems plaguing Mozambique today: (1) high unemployment among urban young people, especially women; and (2) poor educational outcomes among primary school students. Through a dedicated focus on mentoring the participants, the project supported these women to build soft assets and skills to enable them to realise their future goals and aspirations. This paper highlights that the MUVA Assistentes project led to three major outcomes: (1) building technical skills; (2) improving opportunities for women’s employability in the labour market (while improving public goods); and (3) building soft assets through training and mentoring. Through a close discussion of the experiences of four women participants, we find that the MUVA Assistentes led to an increase not only in income opportunities for YVW, but also in their sense of self‑worth and confidence to exercise their agency in achieving their goals. Further, the project also provided a critical public good by working towards improving the quality of classroom outcomes in government primary schools. We conclude that through building these skills and increasing women participants’ self-worth, PWPs can build women’s resources, agency and achievements, thereby moving closer to achieving a holistic view of empowerment, which encouragingly extends beyond the PWPs’ duration as well.
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Schluckebier, Kai. Intersections in contemporary traffic planning. Goethe-Universität, Institut für Humangeographie, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.58866.

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In Germany, traffic planning still follows the tradition of modernist urban planning theory from the beginning of the 1930s and car-oriented city planning during the post-war period in West Germany. From a methodological perspective, the prevailing narrative is that traffic can be abstracted and modelled under laboratory conditions (in vitro) as a spatial movement process of individual neutral particles. The use of these laboratory experiments in traffic planning cannot be understood as a neutral application of experimental results, assumed to be true, in a variety of spatial contexts. Rather, it is an active practice of staging traffic according to a particular social interactionist paradigm. According to this, traffic is staged through interventions in planning authorities as well as the practices of people on the streets. In order to describe these staging conduits, traffic is ontologically thought of as a social order that is continuously reproduced situationally through interactions, following Erving Goffman and Harold Garfinkel. To investigate the staging conduits empirically, an ethnographic-inspired field study was conducted at Willy-Brandt-Platz in Frankfurt am Main in May and June 2020. Through situational mapping and observation of social interactions (in situ), knowledge about the staging of social orders was generated. These empirical findings are further embedded in debates that discuss traffic not only as a staging but also as an enactment of certain realities. Understanding planning practice as a political enactment, through which realities are not only described but also made, makes it possible for us to think and design alternative realities.
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