Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'China Foundation'
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Ma, Qiusha. "The Rockefeller Foundation and modern medical education in China, 1915-1951." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1995. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/send-pdf.cgi?acc%5Fnum=case1062681608.
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Asbell, Andrea. "The foundation for revolution : educational reforms in late Chʻing China." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4125.
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Historical consensus has labeled the educational reform efforts of China's scholar-officials in the second half of the nineteenth century as merely reactions to external circumstances and therefore has concluded that these reforms were "failures". The youthful revolt against Chinese cultural traditions, which culminated in the May Fourth Movement of 1919, has frequently been cited as a clear demonstration that previous educational reforms had failed. However, when viewed as the intellectual phase of the revolutionary process, reform activities among members of China's bureaucratic and scholarly elite in the four and one half decades from the 1860s to the early 1900s can be seen as limited, but definite, successes, initiated from within the traditional society and assisted by the introduction of Western secular knowledge by Protestant missionaries.
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Wong, Chin-hei, and 黃展曦. "Chen Daqi and the foundation of the "new" psychology in republican China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47753122.
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The history of the founding and early development of the “new” western experimental psychology in China has long been a myth due to an absence of detailed and systematic research. Equally ironic is the fact that the biography, publications and contributions of Chen Daqi, a man who is widely regarded as the “founder of experimental psychology in China”, have never been seriously studied in the past. This thesis is an attempt to fill in these historical gaps. Its first half, being primarily an archival study, traces the history of the founding and early development of the “new” psychology in China, in particular within the campus of Beijing University, during the early Republican era (ca. 1917-1923). It also examines the psychological publications of Chen Daqi. The second half of the thesis contextualizes these developments within a broader discussion of various issues related to the transfer of psychological knowledge from the west. The traditional understanding of psychology in Republican China, that it was merely a passive “copy” of the west’s is refuted. Kurt Danziger’s theory concerning the two prerequisites for the successful establishment of a new science is utilized to show how Chen Daqi’s attempts to develop psychology proceeded smoothly after the new discipline was first introduced into China in the late 1910s. This study concludes with a re-evaluation of Chen’s project.published_or_final_version
Psychology
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Yip, Hau-ling Emily, and 葉巧玲. "GIS for ground investigation in bored pile foundation works." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007950.
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Sun, Robert Xi. "Baorong Duoyuan : a proposed foundation for religious freedom in a postcommunist, democratic China." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12666/.
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The 2016 Annual Report of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) confirms an increasingly alarming surge in the ongoing, systematic, and egregious abuses of religious freedom (RF) of Chinese citizens by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). I foresee that under a constitutional framework, a post-Communist, democratized China will embrace cultural, economic, social, and confessional pluralism to help ensure the impartial and equal protection of all citizens’ religious freedom. A useful pattern for that new national pluralism is found and reflected within the existing minority of Chinese citizens who follow the Judeo-Christian faith and worldview. After analyzing different political philosophies, using religious education (RE) to illustrate the degree of religious freedom in different countries, my study demonstrates that neither political liberalism nor traditional nonprincipled pluralism will adequately protect religious freedom for all. Baorong Duoyuan literally inclusive pluralism, a contextualized model of principled pluralism, complements the Judeo-Christian faith as well as non-Judeo-Christian faiths, and even nonprofessions of religion. As such, this theory proposes that the State functions as a religiously impartial institution. In my study, I conduct library-based theoretical/philosophical/theological work to ultimately propose that Baorong Duoyuan offers an untainted model to nurture and maintain religious freedom in a postcommunist China. When appropriately applied to China’s practices, this biblically supported, theologically warranted theory of principled pluralism helps to promote, nurture, implement, and maintain religious freedom for all citizens of China. To protect religious freedom for all, in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, my proposed Baorong Duoyuan model offers the most reasonable, consistent, and coherent option to achieve and to maintain such religious freedom and pluralism.
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Xu, Zheng. "Comparative Study of Indiana University Foundation and Peking University Education Foundation: Why they are different and what to learn?" Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2199.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2010.Title from screen (viewed on July 19, 2010). Department of Philanthropic Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Dwight F. Burlingame, William M. Plater, Leslie Lenkowsky. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-95).
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Gao, Shan. "The Beauty of Nature As a Foundation for Environmental Ethics: China and the West." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115080/.
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My dissertation aims at constructing an environmental ethics theory based on environmental aesthetics in order to advocate and promote environmentally sustainable practices, policies, and lifestyles. I attempt to construct an integrated environmental aesthetics in order to inspire people’s feelings of love towards nature and motivate them to protect it. In order to achieve this goal, I first examine the philosophical understanding and aesthetic appreciation of nature from philosophical traditions of China, which have an impact on the general public’s attitude towards nature. in chapter one of my dissertation, I point out that nature is viewed as an organic system which is always in a self-generating process of production and reproduction of life. the metaphysical foundation for this perspective of nature is ch’i. Therefore the aesthetic appreciation of nature in China is also the aesthetic appreciation of ch’i. with regard to the concept of ch’i, I focus on the following three questions: (1) what are the objective and aesthetic features of ch’i? (2) How do the Chinese appreciate aesthetic features of ch’i? (3) Why the objective features of ch’i are regarded as the objects of aesthetic appreciation? I argue that the Chinese appreciate the aesthetic features of ch’i by using intellectual intuition and that empathy is the reason why the objective features of ch’i are considered to be aesthetic features. in Chapter 2, I explain in detail the two aesthetic categories for aesthetic appreciation of nature in two major philosophical schools in China: emptiness and creativity. in Chapter 3, I examine the philosophical foundations for aesthetic appreciation of nature in the West. I first investigate the influence of traditional Western philosophy on the perceptions of nature. I argue that traditional Western philosophical thinking doesn’t support aesthetic appreciation of nature. I point out that aesthetic appreciation of nature started from eighteenth century in the West. I examine Kant’s aesthetic categories of beauty and sublime in his appreciation of nature. in contemporary world, I focus on the Allen Carlson’s positive aesthetics and Arnold Berleant’s engagement model to appreciate the beauty of environment. in Chapter 4, I evaluate the theories of aesthetic appreciation of nature in the West and China and attempt to construct an integrated theory of aesthetic appreciation of nature. the key point of this theory is to establish a caring relationship with nature based on aesthetic appreciation of nature and active participation in the beauty of it. This relationship will motivate people to protect nature and also contribute to human happiness.
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Ortega, Zepeda Javiera Victoria. "Swedish Foreign Policy and China : A cas e study of Sweden’s foreign policy ideationalfoundation toward China during the period 2015 2020." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184882.
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The bilateral relations between Sweden and China have been characterized by strong trade relations over the years. Nonetheless, several events between 2015 and 2020 have led the diplomatic relations between Sweden and China to take a different turn. Among them, the arrest of the Chinese-born Swedish writer and book publisher Gui Minhai and the alleged abuse of human rights by the Chinese government towards its population. These issues raise questions on how the Swedish government approaches the opportunities and challenges of China’s growing role internationally. This thesis has the purpose to analyse the Swedish government’s reports, statements and other documents regarding China in the period 2015 to 2020, with the intention of unveiling the Swedish foreign policy ideational foundation. Moreover, this thesis has the aim to examine whether it is possible to see a variation of the ideational foundation during these years. The analysis included the use of social constructivism as a theory and the VDP-triad methodology. From the analysis, it resulted that in the observed time period, Sweden’s foreign policy ideational foundation was characterized by the value of cooperation, especially regarding trade. Moreover, during the period observed Sweden characterized for being more active on criticizing China in regard to human rights, democracy and the rule of law. With China, Sweden is thus forced to balance two competing agendas: to pursue its interests and to promote its values.
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Conbeer, Derek John. "An evaluation of the selection of English schools foundation secondaryschool teachers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3195554X.
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Mann, Paul Anson. "Chinese Law Regarding International NGOs and Its Implementation: The Ford Foundation and Greenpeace." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367596368.
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Lee, Calvin C., and calvin lee@rmit edu au. "Confucian humanism as the foundation of human rights and economic ethics: a study of Korea, Japan and the Republic of China." RMIT University. Global Studies, Social Science and Planning, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080228.121903.
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This study is about Confucian humanism as the foundation of human rights and economic ethics. The study covers Korea, Japan and the Republic of China. The main research question lies in how Confucian humanism emerged as an enduring tradition, and how it impacts upon human rights and economic ethics of the three nations on their individual paths towards globalizing civil societies. Research elements are (i) literature review, (ii) focus group discussions and (iii) documentation corroborations. Literature reviews covered scholarly works of East Asia and international scholars. Narrative data were obtained from the focus group discussions. Documentation corroboration complemented the focus group discussions. The study explores the origin of Confucianism and proceeds to examine how the Confucian philosophical tradition gave naissance to Confucian humanism. From Confucian humanism, the thesis proceeds to Confucian governance (ching shih). Alternative political views of more egalitarian Confucian schools such as of Mencius also take up a good part of the governance theme. The role of life long self-cultivation is seen as the foundation of character-building for respective societal roles within Confucian ethics and social ethos. The modern democratic institution of human rights is argued as having emerged from the fertile demo-centric Confucian social psychology, but benefited directly from the Western institutional models. Discussions on the tradition of Confucianism and that of Confucian humanism progress through the important turning points throughout history, i.e., the Classic age of Confucius, the Neo-Confucian reformation, the Practical Learning sub-era of the Neo-Confucian era, and, finally, the contemporary Neo-Confucian. The discussions highlight that the Confucian tradition of 'humanity' that Confucius and his disciples formulated in the Classical age endured through the ages to modernity. They also point to the notion that Confucians pursued their intellectual, moral and aesthetic ideals to the highest possible level through the system of learning, philosophizing, and practicing in the tradition. The Confucian cosmology of the 'human to nature' nexus and the Confucian spirituality of cosmic immanence in the 'self' provide clues to the multi-layer structure of Confucian consciousness of self, selves and the greater self, namely society or the Heaven itself. The Neo-Confucian school of 'mind and heart' learning reinforced the inquiry into selves in nexus to nature and the universe. Religious tolerance and the adaptability of Confucianism have stood out as important qualities in the globalization of East-Asian values and ethos, i.e., Confucian 'souls and decorum.' Japan, as an island nation with a unique perception of its self-identity, employs Confucianism, still considered fundamentally as the philosophy of China, to reinforce the national identity without compromising the integrity of the Japanese tradition and sensitivity. Japanese aesthetic sensitivity would place aesthetic unity with nature on equal footing with that of moral unity with the world. Secularism and spirituality of Confucianism benefited from the peaceful co-existence amongst the three great philosophical traditions of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. The thesis as an inquiry into Confucian humanism as a living tradition concludes by answering the main research question and its three associated postulates.
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Lu, Zheyu. "Governance and the financial performance of charitable foundations." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/231282/1/Zheyu_Lu_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examines the impact of governance on charitable foundations’ financial performance. Using a sample of 3,289 Chinese charitable foundations, internal governance, external donor governance, and the external governance environment are found to be positively associated with financial performance, and there are substitutional relationships among these three governance mechanisms. Financial reporting quality is a channel through which governance influences financial performance. In addition, internal governance and external donor governance have a positive impact on the financial performance of both private and public foundations. The findings provide important evidence about the role of governance in nonprofit organizations in an emerging economy.
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Davies, Gareth Thomas. "Perceptions of methods of teacher appraisal amongst expatriate teachers in Hong Kong English schools foundation primary schools." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18036466.
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Huang, Ping. "Reformulating Buddhism and making a global social movement : a sociological study of the Tzu Chi Foundation in Taiwan and Hong Kong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2011. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1214.
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White, Carol. "Sixth form general studies: some aspects of curriculum development in English schools foundation schools withparticular reference to King George Vth School." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31955514.
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Ding, Guoping, and 丁國平. "Impact of deep building foundations on coastal groundwater flow systems." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3769232X.
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Cheung, Carrie, and 張嘉媛. "Thermal characteristics of Hong Kong soils and their implications on foundations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44193373.
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Mok, Ka-ying, and 莫家英. "Pilot study on the use of public fill in seawall foundations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30732281.
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Yung, Keung-Shing, and 翁強盛. "Piling design and construction in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4257609X.
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Whiting, Susan Hayes. "The micro-foundations of institutional change in reform China property rights and revenue extraction in the rural industrial sector /." online access from Digital dissertation consortium, 1995. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9610265.
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Powers, Derek Justin. "Adolescent Behavioral Adjustment in Girls Adopted from China: Examining Pre-adoption and Post-adoption Factors." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5559.
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Despite research that indicates that internationally adopted children are at greater risk for poor developmental outcomes than their non-adopted peers (Bimmel, Juffer, IJzendoorn, Bakermans-Kranenburg, 2003; Juffer, & van IJzendoorn, 2005), girls adopted from China into Western culture tend to thrive, exhibiting high self-esteem, low behavior problems (i.e., both externalizing and internalizing), and excelling academically (Rojewski, Shapiro, & Shapiro, 2000; Tan & Jordan-Arthur, 2012). However, few studies have examined whether this trend continues into adolescence, as well as to what factors lead to these positive outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors of mental health outcomes among internationally adopted adolescent Chinese girls, particularly factors that predicted levels of internalizing pathology (e.g., depression and anxiety) in adolescence. To fulfill this purpose, a secondary data analysis (N = 167) of information collected as part of a longitudinal study of U.S. international adoptions of Chinese children (2005-present) was completed using a hierarchical regression approach. Overall, these variables (e.g., age at adoption, pre-adoption adversity, family stress, parenting style, adolescent self-esteem, and academic competence) predicted 35% of the variance in internalizing behavior outcomes. The positive adjustment that has been seen in childhood continued to adolescence in this study, with 88% of the adolescent girls reporting Total Internalizing T-scores of less than 60 (i.e., in the normal range) on the Youth Self-Report form on the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001b). Authoritative parenting style and self-esteem showed the strongest relations to internalizing behaviors. Implications of the study for practice and discussion of future research based on these findings are explored.
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DiMarco, Francesco. "Reframing Yuan Shikai: The Institutional, Rhetorical, and Religious Foundations of the Monarchical Attempt, 1915-1916." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1494098076311169.
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Huang, Ann X., Meixiang Jia, and John J. Wheeler. "Children with Autism in the People’s Republic of China: Diagnosis, Legal Issues, and Educational Services." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/314.
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Since the late 1970s, special education in the People’s Republic of China has experienced significant reform and fast development. However, education for children with severe developmental disabilities, especially autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), is still the greatest challenge in the field. This paper aims to give readers an overview of what is happening to children with ASDs in China. We first address the issue of prevalence of ASDs, and then offer an introduction to the diagnostic process. After that, a review of disability-related legislation is provided, followed by a description of current treatment options and available educational services. Finally we introduce all extent service providers and their roles.
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Nunes, Alyxandra Gomes. "Things fall apart de Chinua Achebe como romance de fundação da literatura nigeriana em lingua inglesa." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269860.
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Orientador: Vilma Sant'Anna AreasDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T17:51:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nunes_AlyxandraGomes_M.pdf: 5924071 bytes, checksum: ec6f14a2684786e75704cd2c4819f406 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: Este trabalho se propõe a analisar o primeiro livro do romancista nigeriano Chinua Achebe, Thingslall apart, comoromance de fundação da literatura nigeriana de língua inglesa. A partir de considerações teóricas das características do texto fundacional, buscamos identificar no decorrer da narrativa os elementos textuais que indicam uma possível leitura deste romance como fundacional, atentandopara os aspectos discursivos da História da África e da Literatura Africana em geral, da construção da nação, bem como da análise do conteúdo ficcional
Abstract: This academic work intends to analyze Chinua Achebe's first novel Thing sfall apart read as a founding novel, it is considered a cornerstone within the Anglophone Nigerian literature. From the point of view of some theorists of the foundational discourse, we sought to analyze the elements in the narrative which would function as icons for the thesis of a foundational novel. We focused on discursive elements of the African History and the Africa Literature in general, on the idea of Nation, as well as the analysis of content
Mestrado
Literatura Geral e Comparada
Mestre em Teoria e História Literária
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Fu, Cheng-Liang, and 傅正良. "The Non-Profit Organizations of Maimland China: A Case in China Youth Development Foundation." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16689846253352175337.
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碩士國立政治大學
東亞研究所
92
After reform and opening up in 1978, all aspects of mainland China, such as the economy, politics and culture affairs, were in an unprecedented state of shock. Meanwhile, the opportunity was given for the development of the non-profit organizations (NPO) which were growing rapidly in recent years. Though the development is still at the primary stage, the participation of citizens in NPOs is increasing gradually. NPOs have become an important force with their growing influence on the social welfare, kindly supports, healthcare, cultural and education affairs, and environmental protections. Much related research was published in recent years. The current study uses China Youth Development Foundation as an example to understand the development of NPOs in mainland China. The study focuses on its background, history, current situation, relevant regulations, relationship with the civil society, and future developments. The purpose of this study is to know more about the present development of NPOs in mainland China by methods of interviews and analyses. As NPOs develop rapidly in recent years, they are also facing some problems, such as their connections with politics, shortage of financial support and personnel, and insufficient regulation establishments. In general, the NPOs of mainland China are still in a period of transition. Since the reform and open market, NPOs have had a great opportunity for their development, but they are also experiencing many problems and challenges.
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Rogers, Robert T. W. "Developing an internationalised foundation program: XAIU iFP – a descriptive case study." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1036990.
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Professional Doctorate - Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)This dissertation examines the practical issues related to internationalisation of programs at Xi’an International University (XAIU), a leading Chinese private higher education institute. The study is expected to be of particular interest to foreign universities considering partnerships with Chinese higher education institutes, especially in the establishment of international cooperation programs, like the XAIU foundation program in this study that is branded ‘iFP’. The problem initially focuses on what motivates XAIU toward internationalisation activities and then focuses on how iFP would be developed and implemented. The study is bound by time and place to establish limits on scope. The theory statement that binds the two study questions and their propositions is that “XAIU internationalisation activities are profit motivated”. The study’s rival theory produces a possible contrasting perspective of participants and stakeholders reality stated as “XAIU internationalisation activities may fail if too much emphasis is placed on profit”. A descriptive case study strategy provides the methodology for this study; a triangulation of methods of gathering evidence pursues validity and reliability; and the use of a logic model provides study direction. A general inductive analysis is used to produce four key findings within the arenas of Government Policy, Commercialisation, Human Resourcing and Internal Dynamics. Tracking the development and implementation of iFP provides a rich mix of influences that all contribute to the internal and external challenges that face the team tasked to take iFP to market. This study is expected to influence the debate on internationalisation because the discourse happens at ground level. As an example of its success, the practical implications of this study are that the development of iFP has already created some interest within the higher education industry with several consultancy-based enquiries.
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Shih, Jen-yi, and 施仁益. "A Comparative Study between the Consortium Juridical Person of Taiwan and the Foundation of Mainland China." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57298872440472055724.
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碩士國立中山大學
兩岸高階主管經營管理碩士在職專班
104
In Taiwan, we often hear so and so or such and such a Consortium Juridical Person or a Foundation doing something, or doing works of charity, always confused whether the organization is a Consortium Juridical Person or a Foundation. And the process of studying in Mainland China, due to lots of natural disasters makes the organization of Foundation often appears in the media. Under the proposed cross-strait guidance of Professors, to proceed studying between the Consortium Juridical Person of Taiwan (or Foundation) and the Foundation of Mainland China, hoping to provide better clarify for the two sides friends. This study in comparative analysis of the Consortium Juridical Person of Taiwan and the Foundation of Mainland China, with respect to the aspects of legal and accounting to explore. Such a non-profit public interest organization, the official name of the type of organizations, formally known as the Consortium Juridical Person of Taiwan and the Foundation in Mainland China. In the competent authorities, there’re different departments manage the Consortium Juridical Person in Taiwan, but only the civil affairs departments manage the Foundation in Mainland China. In decision-making and supervisory authority, both sides have set directors and supervisors. In legal normative level, laws and regulations are more complex for the Consortium Juridical Person in Taiwan, but only the "Foundation Management Ordinance" which is one size fits all the Foundation in Mainland China. In accounting normative level, most of the Consortium Juridical Person adopt the generally accepted accounting principles in Taiwan, but also adopt the related accounting system of different transactions of Consortium Juridical Person. The Foundation in Mainland China adopt the "non-profit organizations accounting system". Finally, due to the non-profit purpose , the financial operations more conservative for the Consortium Juridical Person in Taiwan and the Foundation in Mainland China on the operating performance. And there have different results show due to government subsidies. We hope this research will provide to pass the " Consortium Juridical Person Act" in Taiwan, except in favor of regulatory of the Consortium Juridical Person , but also due to open and transparent information, and accept the supervision of public donors. The lead from the Mainland China predetermined set of accounting principles or system of non-profit organizations, the better to provide consistent and quality of accounting information for the Consortium Juridical Person in Taiwan. Last, non-profit organizations on both sides of the tax issue is not the scope of this study, people with lofty ideals expectations redouble their efforts to provide guidance on both sides.
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Chen, Hsin-Chi, and 陳信吉. "The Legitimacy Building of The International NGO in Contemporary China－The Case of Tzu Chi Foundation." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92696427872810661075.
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碩士國立臺北大學
公共行政暨政策學系
99
China has been through urbanization and social change under the rapid development since “The Chinese Economic Reform,” it has accomplished great improvements but also caused a lot of contradictions in the society. China displayed significant achievements on economic development; however, it has become a “high-risk society” when it comes to social development. In the ever-changing global environment nowadays, governance is becoming difficult and subjected to different types of crisis and challenges. Therefore, the state wishes to rely on “the third sector” to pass through crisis when it faces challenging governance issues. Through the perspective of “state-society relationship” brought forth the transformation of party-state system of China, in this “strong state and weak society” structure, not only would the role and function of the International Non-Governmental Organizations（INGOs） appeal to China, but also under the system of social organization strategies of “classification and control” and legitimacy, the INGOs undoubtedly would be examined seriously in China . To establish the legitimacy is the top priority for every NGOs which hope to operate and develop the organizations in mainland China, and it is particularly important for the INGOs. Tzu Chi Foundation would be the appropriate case for this study, it became the first INGO to establish national foundation in mainland China at 2008. As a NGO which derived from Taiwan and based on Buddhism beliefs, how did Tzu Chi Foundation accomplish such milestone? The question is related to cross-strait relationship, religious affair and organizational mobilization issues. This research study used the interaction and cooperation of social organization and government as the research approach to understand the kind of strategy and behavior Tzu Chi Foundation adopts to build and strengthen its legitimacy when it faces mainland China’s government agencies and their social sectors. Finally, the study result shows that the predicament of the INGOs in contemporary China derives from government factors. In the future, Tzu Chi Foundation will gradually focus their missions on recruitment and training of local volunteers. The conclusion for this study is that in order to establish legitimacy of social organization, NGO should take time to interact and cooperate with the government continuously.
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Cai, Bo-Chao, and 蔡伯超. "The Development of Foreign Non-Profit Organization in Mainland China-A Case Study in Tzu Chi Foundation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g8spqd.
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碩士國立中興大學
國家政策與公共事務研究所
102
With the process of reform and opening up in Mainland China, the government easing of social controls, and gradually releases a little "social force". The non-profit organizations are blooming and developing in the context of global governance and global civil society. Tzu Chi, As Taiwan''s premier non-profit organizations to enter the Chinese mainland to join local governance. This paper uses "state - society" research approach, combing through development process of Tzu Chi. In order to know the development path of foreign non-profit organization in Mainland China. To discuss the impact of foreign non-profit Organization with civil society rising. To discuss the interactive mode between Tzu Chi and local government. To explore the role of Tzu Chi in the mainland charity relief system. According to research framework which summarized from literature review，This paper developed semi-structured interview outline based on depth interview method. My research selects the mainland local government officials, local non-profit organization staff and Tzu Chi staff as interviewee. Empirical analysis based on the content of the interview. The main findings of this study are: First, the Chinese government evaluates Foreign Non-profit Organizations deeply affected by the old ideology. Second, Face to the doubt of government, Tzu Chi adopts the approach of “de-politicization”. Thrid, the personal characteristics of administrative leader is a most important factor to the success of cooperation with the government and Tzu Chi. Fourth, the dilemma of foreign non-profit organizations mainly demonstrated as registration. Fifth, cooperation agreements come from the acceptation of idea of Master Cheng Yen. Sixth, cooperative network of Tzu Chi based mainly on government departments. Seventh, the collaboration relationship exists between Tzu Chi and GONPO.
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楊承叡. "Statesmen’s Understanding of Agricultural Dependence on the Commodity Economy in Song China: A Reflection on the “Agricultural Foundation” Ideology." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wrc5mu.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
歷史學研究所
102
What was the perspective of the government and the elite on commercial activities in imperial china? An simple answer to this big question is the term “Chung nung I shang”(重農抑商)(literal translation “emphasize agriculture and restrain commerce”), or “Chung Pen I Mo”(重本抑末)(“emphasize the root and restrain the branches”). Due to the widespread use of such terms in edicts or statesmen’s discourses, it is safe to assume that the statesmen held the belief of “Chung nung I shang”. However, the saying itself is an ambiguous statement—what is the precise meaning of this linguistic practice? What are its concrete traits? What is the difference between “Chung nung I shang” and the more commonly used “Agricultural Foundation” ideology(以農為本、農本主義)? In general, the two terms are not distinguished within academia. Some scholars that perceive the two as different believe the former to have originated from the latter. The latter views agriculture as root and industry or commerce as branches, whereas the former is a more radical idea that discriminates against commerce. The author would like to offer a different interpretation by examining a crucial question—how did those statesmen understand the dependence of agriculture on the commodity economy—one may realize the possibility of a different interpretation. In academia, the term “I-Shang”(抑商) can be interpreted quite differently. The actual meaning of “I-Mo(抑末) type terms” in historical materials is also very ambiguous in academic texts as there lacks an effective standard to examine the word’s usage. Nevertheless, such historical linguistic practice constitutes the main evidence that the ancient Chinese believed in “I-Shang”(抑商) or “Ching-Shang”(輕商)( literal translation “disdain commerce”). First, if the ancient Chinese simply applied the “root and branch” analogy to agriculture and commerce, there is no implication of a negative connotation. Secondly, even though statesmen in Song China thought commerce was less important than agriculture, they took the health of commerce seriously. Once these two points are established, the author intend to clarify the meaning of “I-Mo(抑末) type terms” in Song Dynasty and the characteristic of “I-Mo(抑末)” idea in Wang An-shi’s political reform and then depict and explain the pattern to emphasize commerce at that time. This study constitutes two layers. The first estimates the statesmen’s understanding of the economic reality in Song China. Discussions brought forth in this estimate aim to further understanding of their perception towards commerce beyond literal translation of the previously mentioned terms. Furthermore, discussions in the first layer leads to the argument in the second layer—“Agricultural Foundation” ideology(農本主義) itself was a necessary and sufficient condition that prompted the emphasis on commerce in Song china. There may be other factors that resulted in such perspective, but they are redundant explanations.
31
(6406580), Ruisheng Zhang. "A Green Revolution for China—American Engagement with China’s Agricultural Modernization (1925-1979)." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textAbstract:
There were two-way and non-governmental communications between China and the United States in the field of agriculture throughout twentieth century. During the late nineteenth century, Chinese intellectuals already recognized the importance of western agricultural science and technology, and they began actively to court modern agricultural knowledge from western countries. The Plant Improvement Project (PIP) conducted by Cornell University and the University of Nanking from 1925 to 1931 was the groundbreaking agricultural cooperation in agricultural science and technology between the United States and China. Although most of the activities of this project were non-governmental, organized by two universities, and funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, the PIP broke new ground. In 1925, Professor H. H. Love of Cornell University was invited to the University of Nanking to lead a five-year cooperative program of crop improvement, which was called the PIP. From 1925 to 1931, Love along with C. H. Myers and R. G. Wiggans of Cornell University went to China to implement PIP. With the joint efforts of specialists from Cornell University and the University of Nanking, many high-yielding crop varieties were bred and distributed to farmers to improve yields and fight hunger; at the same time they trained a professional group of crop breeders and extension workers to continue crop breeding and distribution. PIP sought a new model for China’s application of the American concept of the integration of agricultural research, education, and extension, which resulted in both success and failure. PIP, however, exerted profound influence on the follow-up work not only at Cornell and Nanking but also for the governments of United States and Nationalist China. Following the PIP, in 1934, aiming to increase the well-being of rural populations, the Rockefeller Foundation (RF) trustee committee approved its first comprehensive program (China Program) for rural reconstruction in China. The RF established the North China Council for Rural Reconstruction (NCCRR) in 1936. By studying the policy, hopes, and outcomes of the NCCRR, this chapter provides a specific example of the problem western civil organizations faced in reshaping non-western rural societies. The NCCRR developed techniques for modernizing rural Chinese society; however, constant warfare, political instability, and funding shortages hindered the success of this endeavor. Its impact on China’s rural development remained after the termination of the China Program in 1944.
Then, to promote China’s post-World War II economic reconstruction and hunger relief, the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry developed their transnational cooperation with the International Harvester Company from 1945 to 1948. In 1945, the Agricultural Engineering Program for China was proposed by Dr. P. W. Tsou, then a member of the Executive Committee of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and the resident representative of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of the Nationalist government in the U.S., to the International Harvester Company. This initiative was supported by International Harvester Company to help China quickly achieve agricultural mechanization. This program was composed with Harvester Fellowships to sponsor Chinese students to learn agricultural engineering in the U.S. and from the committee’s field investigations, demonstrations, and teaching in China. The Chinese Ministry of Education selected ten students who had graduated from agricultural universities and ten students who had graduated from the engineering universities with two to three years of practical work experience. In total twenty students went to the U.S. to study agricultural engineering. Those from engineering universities were sent to the University of Minnesota while those from agricultural universities received admission into master’s program of Iowa State College (later Iowa State University). In two years’ time, they took engineering courses and completed the master’s degree in agricultural engineering. Then, they received a one-year internship at local farms to practice. In September 1948, the first student group returned to China. These twenty students were the first group of Chinese graduate students to study agricultural engineering in the United States. After they returned home, most of them became China’s leading agricultural engineering experts for the People’s Republic of China. In addition, four experienced agricultural engineers (Edwin L. Hansen, Howard F. McColly, Archie A. Stone, and J. Brownlee Davidson) in the United States formed the Committee on Agricultural Engineering to conducted extensive field investigations in China from January 1947 to December 1948 until political and military conditions were not suitable for them to stay in China.
Except for the cooperation with the private sectors in the U.S., the Nationalist government also proposed to the U.S. government cooperation to organize a joint program to provide economic and technical assistance to China’s agricultural industry. In June 1946, the China-United States Agricultural Mission initiated its work. The committee members from the U.S. included Claude B. Hutchison as the head of the U.S. delegation and Raymond T. Moyer as deputy head. Committee members from China included Zou Binwen as the head of the Chinese delegation and Shen Zonghan as the deputy head. After the investigation of fifteen provinces, delegation members provided their findings and suggestions on the reconstruction of Chinese agriculture in their reports. In 1947, the Report of China-United States Agricultural Mission was released by the two governments. This report is a comprehensive agenda for agricultural construction which put forward feasible and systematic plans for agricultural management, crop improvement, and rural education. This plan did not get adopted in mainland China, but it incubated an organizational structure for the Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction and provided a blueprint for agricultural reform in Taiwan. This mission had a profound effect on later cooperation in the field of agricultural science and technology between the two countries, which merits scholarly attention.
Final success of this transnational agricultural communication and cooperation was in Taiwan under the direction of the Sino-American Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction from 1948 to 1979. This program, funded by the U.S. government, had a distinct success in agricultural development in Taiwan, but it eventually ended after the Carter Administration withdrew diplomatic recognition from Taiwan in 1979. Later this commission became part of the Council of Agriculture in the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (ROC).
This agricultural communication and interaction between China and the U.S. made long-term impacts to China, the U.S., and the rest of the world. For the ROC and the PRC, these organized programs and cooperation gradually developed agricultural science and technology, increased agricultural production, and cultivated agricultural experts. These programs did not achieve their pre-set purpose to prevent communism from expanding in rural China, however, both the Nationalist government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) enjoyed those rewards. The ROC directly benefitted from this assistance while PRC also indirectly obtained agricultural science and technology through those trained experts who chose to stay in the mainland after the revolution.
For the United States, these attempts in China helped Americans to expand and reevaluate their global assistance and development projects and governmental agencies, including the Marshall Plan, the Technical Cooperation Administration (TCA), the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA), and later the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
For the rest of the world, new global agricultural cooperation, such as Green Revolution agricultural science, eradicated starvation and famine in many developing countries such as India, Mexico, and the Philippines. Meanwhile, global agricultural cooperation generated new problems including environmental degradation and pesticide contamination. Further international cooperation and agricultural development can be tracked back to the U.S.-China agricultural cooperative experience.
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"當代中國的基督教社會服務組織與公民社會: 以愛德基金會和上海基督教青年會為個案." Thesis, 2008. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074531.
Full textAbstract:
By two cases, Amity Foundation and Shanghai YMCA, the paper described the situation of the contemporary China's Christianity-based social service organizations, analyzed the social capital they have generated, and explored their influence on the development of civil society in China. First of all, I did the literature review on the concept of civil society and social capital under the West and China's background, as for the social capital especially focusing on Robert Putnam's social capital analysis. Then I did the analysis based on the two cases from my field-work data collection. I concluded that these faith-based social service organizations have generated the positive social influences and social capital, fulfilled the huge social needs, and played an important role in pushing the development of civil society in China through their social service work. At the same time, we could get the new definition and recognition to the function model of these associations and civil society different with the West perspective: a non-conflict cooperation model. These service-oriented associations could communicate and cooperate with government effectively and positively, and become the "de-compressor" of the individual existence in market economy development, the "safety valve" of social security, and the "incubator" of civil society.曹飛廉.
Adviser: K. M. Chan.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-03, Section: A, page: 1052.
Thesis (doctoral)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 176-178).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
School code: 1307.
Cao Feilian.
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Jiang, LingLing. "Marketing in Chinese Foundations in Beijing, People’s Republic of China: status, challenges and areas of improvement." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1039547.
Full textAbstract:
Professional Doctorate - Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)While non-profit organisations (NPOs) in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), including the Chinese Foundations have realised that marketing can increase competitiveness and help mobilise resources, many challenges exist that keep them from successfully implementing marketing strategies. This qualitative study identifies Chinese Foundations’ current level of understanding and practices in marketing, factors affecting these practices, key challenges they face in the implementation as well as areas for improvement. In attempting this, selected National Chinese Foundations in Beijing were interviewed. This research shows that most of the Chinese Foundations interviewed are doing marketing activities of some sort. Currently, their perception of marketing is associated to promotion and fundraising. Moreover, sixty per cent of the Chinese Foundations are organisation-centred and forty per cent are customer-centred. Like many NPOs, the Foundations face internal challenges such as limited capacity and lack of marketing strategies, and lack of knowledge of who the customers are. The Foundations also face external challenges that are related to funding competition and tax-free government policy. With respect to these challenges, the most important areas for improved marketing include organisational marketing training, improved networking, and market research. Results from this study add to the knowledge on marketing in Chinese Foundations and present potential benefits to a number of groups including the existing and future Chinese NPOs, the government agency in charge of the administration of the NPOS, as well as researchers in PRC and internationally. Future research should seek to understand marketing understanding and practices in other areas of PRC such as Hangzhou and Kunming, and other areas where Foundations are located. In addition, evaluation of the marketing strategies that could be generalised for NPOs in PRC is recommended for future research.
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He, Baogang. "Three models of democracy : intellectual and moral foundations of liberal democracy and preconditions for its establishment in contemporary China." Phd thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/124613.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis examines democratic ideas, their political implications and
democratisation in contemporary China. It intends to offer both a map of
the main democratic ideas, the key positions and arguments as well as a
series of critical reflections upon them, and particularly upon liberal ideas of
democracy in China. There are three overriding objectives. The first is to
provide an introduction to, and discussion of, three competing models of
democracy, namely, radical, official and liberal, in contemporary China.
Second, the thesis offers a critical review of liberal ideas of human rights,
evil and proceduralism, and provides a liberal constructive critique of the
intellectual and moral foundations of the Chinese liberal theory of
democracy. The third objective is to analyse carefully the issue of the
practical feasibility of liberal democracy as well as basic problems associated
with Chinese democratization from the aspects of political culture, civil
society and legitimacy.
The whole thesis is organized around the idea that the process of
democratization in China can be seen in terms of both intellectual and
practical activities of planting the democratic "seed" in Chinese "soil".
According to this metaphor, the thesis is divided into three parts to deal
with seed selection, raising seedling and soil amelioration respectively.
Part One deals with seed selection, that is, it will provide political
philosophical and practical justifications for Chinese liberal rejection of both
the radical and Chinese official paternalistic models of democracy, and of
Chinese liberal selection of the liberal "seed" democracy in contemporary
China. Thus, Part One analyzes the variants of democracy and illuminates
why liberal democracy is more attractive than the other models. This is
partly a chronological review of democratic ideas and partly a critical and
comparative analysis of them. It provides a very brief historical background
of, and a detailed theoretical introduction to, each model of democracy.
Part One consists of three chapters. Chapter 1 examines the radical ideas
of populist democracy viewed by Yang Xiguang (1968), Li Yizhe's group
(1974) and Chen Erjin (1976), and shows a shift from the radical to the liberal
model of democracy in the 1980s. Chapter 2 examines Deng Xiaoping's
official paternalistic model of democracy and the liberal critique of that liberal ideas of democracy. Chapter 3 undertakes a full-scale review of how
three contemporary Chinese liberal thinkers, Wei Jingsheng, Hu Ping, and
Yan Jiaqi, view democracy.
Part Two deals with raising seedling, that is, the attempt to raise the
liberal "seed" of democracy by eradicating and overcoming internal tensions
in Chinese liberal ideas of democracy and providing a more coherent
theoretical foundation for the Chinese liberal theory of democracy. Thus,
Part Two offers a detailed critical review of liberal ideas of human rights,
evil and proceduralism or constitutionalism, and discusses a number of the
issues associated with the intellectual and moral foundations of Chinese
liberal theory of democracy. It further explains the decline of the Chinese
Marxist idea of democracy and the rise of the liberal discourse of democracy.
More importantly, it focuses on moral and intellectual foundations for
Chinese liberal democratic theory and for Chinese political institutional
design.
Part Two consists of four chapters. Chapter 4 explores the problem of
the coherence of the Chinese liberals' ideas of human rights by examining
the roles of, and operation of, their ideas of human rights in the process of
realizing those rights. It also attempts to address a set of difficult problems
relating to putting their ideal of human rights into practice in China.
Yan Jiaqi argues that the idea that human beings are potentially evil is
the starting-point for the rule of the law and procedural systems (Yan, 1986c,
1988, 1991a, 54-8). Also Liao Xun (1987, 7) claims that the principle of
preventing evil is a theoretical basis for democracy. Chapter 5 attempts to
describe, discuss and develop this supposition of evil and to provide a
reliable theoretical foundation for the Chinese liberal arguments for
democratic institutional design.
Chapter 6 defends Yan Jiaqi's idea of procedural democracy by dealing
with the difficult question of the problem of the exception, raised by Carl
Schmitt, which challenges the coherence of procedural democracy; it also
undertakes a critique of Schmitt's doctrine of the exception and outlines the
liberal ideas of the exception.
Chapter 7 focuses on creating a solid moral foundation for Chinese
liberal institutional design by discussing what might be called the project of infusing rights-based morality into political institutions. That is, democratic
institutional arrangements require a morality which is characterized by
urgent recognition of the following: equal liberties, institutional protection
of rights and fair procedures. This chapter also examines and rejects a
number of arguments against that project such as the argument of the
independence of politics from morality, the practical argument concerning
the catastrophic consequences of that project and the cultural relativist
argument.
Part Three deals with soil amelioration, that is, it will demonstrate the
existing democratic "soil" in Chinese political culture, social structure and
leadership on the one hand, and investigate the problems associated with
"soil" for Chinese democracy on the other hand. In other words, Part Three
addresses the issue of the feasibility of liberal democracy as well as basic
problems associated with Chinese democratization.
Part Three consists of three chapters. Chapter 8 examines the emergent
democratic cultural conditions under which Chinese liberal ideas of
democracy will develop and prove feasible in China. It also examines a
number of cultural problems posed for the liberals in China.
Chapter 9 studies emergent civil society as a social base for Chinese
democracy. It assesses the positive impact of civil society on the Chinese
democratic movement in 1989. It also explores the dual roles of civil society,
the self-limitations and the problems civil society poses for Chinese
democratization.
Chapter 10 investigates the search for new foundations of legitimacy by
Deng's leadership and examines changes in legitimating techniques in
relation to the move towards democratization in China after 1978, and
particularly since 1989. The central objective is to investigate the
relationship between legitimacy (old and new forms of legitimation) and
democracy in contemporary China. The purposes of this Chapter are (1) to
identify changes in the conceptions of legitimacy, particularly the recent
adjustment of legitimating techniques; (2) to assess the impact of these
changes on the direction of political development by examining the
possibility of playing the democratic card by reformer factions within the CCP; and finally (3) to discuss the limits and the problems associated with
the Party's search for new legitimacy.
I have also included an appendix which critically examines David
Humqe's supposition of knavery in institutional design. This is an extended
discussion of the problem of evil in relation to institutional design
introduced in Chapter 5.
35
He, Lijun. "What drives change? Examining wealthy Chinese entrepreneurs' creation of foundations: an institutional entrepreneurship theory perspective." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/7384.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)A significant literature gap exists in our understanding of the motivating mechanisms for creation of foundations by philanthropists, a rapid paradigm shift that is occurring in many countries. This study aims to address the literature gap by discovering Chinese entrepreneurs' heterogeneous responses to the conditions that may lead to creation of their own foundations. Adopting the institutional entrepreneurship theory, which examines agency/change in breaking from an old institution, the researcher tested and operationalized four major factors derived from the institutional entrepreneurship theory--i.e. conflict, heterogeneity, institutional logic, and power--to account for the behavioral change. Through investigating 209 wealthy Chinese entrepreneurs from the 2003-2004 Top 100 Philanthropists List produced by the Hurun Research Institute, utilizing the event history analysis method, the study discovered that among the four factors only heterogeneity resulting from strategic industry intersection and the entrepreneurs' political power are the antecedents of their creation of foundations. Other factors--such as conflict, heterogeneity resulted from civil network, and institutional logic--were not relevant in this study. These results suggest that Chinese entrepreneurs who benefit from their improved political and social standing and increased capital are also making endeavors to take initiatives to contribute to the social and economic well-beings in the social areas that the entrepreneurs' industry intersect heavily. This study enriches our understanding of the creation of foundations from entrepreneurs' contextual background in an emerging market. The empirical validation of the antecedents of behavior change and civic leadership innovation also provides practical implications for policy-makers, philanthropy advisers, and nonprofit leaders.
36
"慈善基金會的成功、策略和公眾參與: 中國個案研究." Thesis, 2007. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074084.
Full textAbstract:
Finally, this thesis put forward specific recommendations in relation to social welfare policies, social work practice, organizational capacity building, organizational performance assessment and the future areas for research on philanthropic foundations.The purpose of this research is to describe and discuss the magnitude of success, use of strategies and extent of public participation in philanthropic foundations under the socialist system of China. It also analyzes how the effectiveness of these philanthropic foundations is related to their selected strategies and their extent of public participation.
The research also found that public participation was an essential value in the philanthropic foundations. Public participation was a tactic to obtain resources, and to realize success in the organization. However, empowerment of the service users had not been given enough attention. Meanwhile, the participants in the philanthropic foundations could be classified as individuals and legal entities, administrative units, public organizations and quasi-governmental organizations. The mode of participation varied from the "one-way model", the "participatory model" and the "decision-making model". Accordingly, four models of participation were identified.
The research found that the successful philanthropic foundations had differing manifestations and weights in variables pertaining to "objectives", "degree of satisfaction", "legitimacy" and "resource input". Whilst the variables were related to each others, the weight for each variable differed in the studied cases. Classified in terms of the weight of the variables, there were four models among the successful philanthropic foundations, namely, the "equilibrium model", the "satisfying model", the "legitimate model" and the "sustainable model".
The research further found that there was correlations among the manifestation of success, strategic orientation, and mode of participation. The case background is related to certain manifestation of success, strategy and mode of public participation, constructing four reaction patterns. These reaction patterns are premised on "organization", "resources", "need", and "government", producing different relationships among "success", "strategy" and "public participation".
The study identified the functional dimension (philanthropic versus charity) and the instrumental dimension (market versus government action), from which five different strategies were derived from the philanthropic foundations studied. They were the "strong market orientation", the "compromising orientation", the "weak market orientation", the "mutuality orientation" and the "governmental orientation".
This research is a case study of 7 legally registered philanthropic foundations supported by non-governmental funds. Twenty senior management staffs working in the 7 philanthropic foundations participated in the in-depth interviews. The samples were selected from various departments under different administrative levels in Mainland China, including the central government level, the provincial level and the municipal level, and taking into account the economic strength of the regions. All the selected cases included philanthropic services for children, and have been operating for more than 5 years. These homogeneous cases are to a certain extent typical cases.
陳津利.
呈交日期: 2005年6月.
論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2005.
參考文獻(p. 406-426).
Cheng jiao ri qi: 2005 nian 6 yue.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: A, page: 0336.
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
School code: 1307.
Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005.
Can kao wen xian (p. 406-426).
Chen Jinli.
37
Wu, Mayling, and 吳美齡. "The Study on the Development of Religious Non-Profit Organization--A Case Study of Ching -Hwa Foundation." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14803525712710531882.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
政治學研究所在職進修碩士班
97
By analyzing how the Ching-Hua Foundation works, this dissertation aims to discuss the change and development of religious non-profit organizations in Taiwan and examine their orientation with an expectation to shed light on future improvement. Whether the non-profit organizations localize or internationalize their development to the point of international cooperation, this dissertation hopes to provide more issues for further research and brings up more attention to the development of non-profit organizations. The findings of this research include the following: -1.The contribution of religious non-profit organizations to the society is well-acknowledged. -2.Religious non-profit organizations are ruled by people. The “people” issue is overpowering. Religious non-profit organizations have difficulties raising money. Based on the abovementioned findings, this research suggests to -1.To reinforce the institutionalization of religious non-profit organizations. -2. To help religious non-profit organizations manage their accounting refer. -3. Suggestions toward Ching-Hua Foundation.
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Peng, Ruey-Lin, and 彭瑞麟. "The Study of the Ching Kwang Fu Culture and Education Foundation Participates in Hakka area Community Empowering." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2bz3ks.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
客家政治經濟與政策研究所在職碩士專班
97
Total Community Empowering Policy has been promoted by Council for Cultural Affairs Executive Yuan in Taiwan from 1994 and this policy emphasis on the operation mode- from lower levels to upper levels. Community Empowering in many communities relies on the participation of non- profit organizations to show the great effect and to achieve the goal which is called community empowerment. Hence, Community Empowering offers an opportunity for non- profit organizations to show that they have the function of participating the social activities. Based on a Hakka case of Total Community Empowering in Peipu, this research uses the community empowerment theory to investigate the role and the function of the Ching Kwang Fu Culture and Education Foundation, which is a non-profit organization donated by an enterprise and led into Hakka area from other place. This paper adopts Qualitative Research Approach to conduct document analysis, interviews, participant observation and case study. The results are following: First, the Ching Kwang Fu Culture and Education Foundation participates in the Total Community Empowering in Peipu by chance, and it is not only the leader but also the communicator. Second, the Ching Kwang Fu Culture and Education Foundation maintains the historic sites to show as a model of the Community Empowering, makes a contribution that connecting the historic sites in Peipu. It is an important advantage for Peipu to develop the Hakka cultural industry. Third, the Ching Kwang Fu Culture and Education Foundation creates the new business opportunity of the Hakka cultural industry, it recovers the traditional Hakka industry and develops into a tourist spot and attracts many tourists to visit the Hakka area. Fourth, the Ching Kwang Fu Culture and Education Foundation brings beneficial result of embodies the consensus of community, it achieves the goal of community empowerment. Fifth, the Ching Kwang Fu Culture and Education Foundation shows a typical model of the Community Empowering, it sets up a good example that the enterprise donated non-profit organization participates in citizen society and helps the government pursue public policies.