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Relevant bibliographies by topics / China Economic policy 1949-1976

Academic literature on the topic 'China Economic policy 1949-1976'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "China Economic policy 1949-1976"

1

Agarwala, Nitin, and Rana Divyank Chaudhary. "China’s Policy on Science and Technology: Implications for the Next Industrial Transition." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 75, no. 2 (June 2019): 206–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928419841786.

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Since the formation of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, Science and Technology (S&T) has been the focus area for Chinese economic development. However, little was known about China’s scientific mission, working and policies till the end of 1978. Based on the studies and the developments made, one can say that China’s S&T policy has evolved through four phases. The first phase (1949–1959) supported the development of heavy industries along the Soviet lines; the second phase (1959–1976) witnessed economic stagnation and ideological domination of technology projects; the third phase (1976–2001) focused on market-driven and product-driven research and now in her fourth phase of S&T development, since 2002, China has aimed to develop high technology industries and the nascent clean-energy or green technology with a focus on innovation. These policy changes entirely reformed the way China’s industrial enterprises are being managed today as compared to earlier years. However, some thinkers do not consider these reforms as sweeping or successful. In order to better appreciate the implications of the S&T policy in China’s industrial transition, the article analyses the role and effects of the policy that has assisted in enhancing the country’s S&T strength and improving the competitiveness, while supporting its economic and social development.

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Vargas, Neide César, Adriana Ilha da Silva, and Rafael Venturini. "HISTÓRICO E ATUALIDADE DA POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE NA REPÚBLICA POPULAR DA CHINA (RPC)." Revista Políticas Públicas 19, no. 2 (June 16, 2016): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v19n2p575-585.

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A China, em virtude da cultura, do regime político e da economia peculiares, apresenta um sistema de saúde com diferenças marcantes em relação àquele das nações ocidentais e capitalistas, o que pode ser obliterado em uma abordagem meramente quantitativa do mesmo. Tendo em conta tais aspectos, este artigo procura traçar um panorama do desenvolvimento do sistema de saúde da RPC ao longo das três grandes etapas da história recente do país, a era de Mao Zedong (1949-1976), a de Deng Xiaoping (1978-1994) e o período atual. Palavras-chave: Política de Saúde na China, economia planificada, reformas do Estado em economias emergentes.HISTORY AND CURRENT HEALTH POLICY IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINAAbstract: China, due to its special culture, political regime and economy, presents a health system with remarkable differences from those of Western and capitalist nations, which can be obliterated in an exclusively quantitative approach of this system. Taking into account these aspects, this article attempts to undertake an overview of the development of the health system in the PRC during the three main stages of the country’s recent history, namely the era of Mao Zedong (1949-1976), the era of Deng Xiaoping (1978-1994) and the current period.Key words: Chinese health policy, planned economy, State reforms in emergent economies.

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Makeeva, Svetlana. "State policy of the PRC on urban development (1949-2020): historical, regional and socio-demographic characteristics." DEMIS. Demographic Research 1, no. 3 (September 19, 2021): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/demis.2021.1.3.6.

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Introduction. The chronological framework of the study includes the period of development of the People’sRepublic of China from 1949 to the present, when state policy was formed in relation to large, medium and small cities, which had a significant impact on the socio-economic transformations of China. Goals and objectives of the study. It is necessary to consider the features of the implementation of the state policy of the PRC in the 1949–2000s. in relation to the development of urban areas, the regulation of the urbanization process. Materials and methods. The article was written on the basis of sources on the economic history of the PRC: materials of five-year plans, documents of the State Council and the Central Committee of theCommunist Party of China. The study used such special historical methods as problem-chronological and retrospective. Results. In the history of China’s state policy in relation to urban development, two main stages can be distinguished: 1. The initial period of urban construction management (1949–1976), when the main industrial urban centers of the PRC were formed. 2. The period of urban construction management in China after the start of the policy of “reform and opening” (from 1978 to the present), when cities began to act as the main “development poles” of the surrounding territories. Throughout its 70-year history, the Chinese city has become a center of national economic development and a “growth pole” for the regional economy. A modern production base, modernized educational, scientific and technological centers were formed in the cities. The state policy in the field of development of urban areas was regulated not only by five-year plans, as throughout the history of the PRC, but also by such important documents as the “National program of urbanization of a new type for 2014–2020” from 2015, Plan for the construction of 19 urban agglomerations in the Central, Western and North-Eastern regions from 2016. Conclusions. The formed state policy of China in relation to urban areas at the present stage is dictated by the tasks of co-development of urban and rural areas, the principles of building an ecological civilization, the norms of sustainable regional development, the requirements of modernizing economic changes in the interests of “socialism with Chinese characteristics”, as well as the goals of implementing the updated strategy of coordinated regional development.

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Genov Mateev, Iliyan. "RURAL POLICY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA." KNOWLEDGE - International Journal 60, no. 1 (September 30, 2023): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij6001181g.

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The report examines rural development of the People's Republic of China and agricultural policy of the Communist Party of China in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries. After the end of World War II, the Chinese Communist Party largely secured its victory over the Kuomintang in the Civil War (1946-1949) thanks to the rural population of China, a predominantly agrarian country at the time. The reforms in the village envisage the implementation of an agrarian reform, expressed in the confiscation of land and means of production from the large landowners and wealthier peasants using hired labor and their distribution among the landless peasants. The first stage of the agrarian reform was carried out until 1952 and was related to the land acquisition of poor peasants. The second stage took place during the First Five-Year Plan (1953-1957) and was related to the collectivization of agriculture. In practice, the agrarian reform ends with the complete cancellation of private ownership of land. At the beginning of the period of the so-called "Great Leap Forward" (1958-1961), cooperatives were transformed into people's communes - basic public organizations in which agricultural and industrial production, trade, education, etc. was developed. After a short period of calm between 1962 and 1965, in May 1966 Mao Zedong launched the "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution", whose vanguard were the student-run "Red Guard Squads", the so-called "Hóng Wèibīng". Undoubtedly, the impact of the Cultural Revolution (May 16, 1966 – October 6, 1976) on the PRC in social, political, cultural and economic aspects was very negative. The economy was hit particularly hard in 1967-1968. The death of Mao Zedong on September 9, 1976, the elimination of the far-left Gang of Four, the complete seizure of power by Hua Guofeng on October 7, 1976, and the rehabilitation of Deng Xiaoping, set the stage for major changes in the country's economic management. The beginning of economic reform is associated with the 3rd Plenary Session after the 11th Congress of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, held from December 18 to 22, 1978 in Beijing. The reforms start in the rural areas where 80% of China's population lived at that time and marked the beginning of the new path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, initially reviving the family form of land management, and then developing channels for the sale of agricultural products, reviving rural enterprises related to the processing of raw materials from the rural economy. First coined by Deng Xiaoping in 1982, the concept of socialism with Chinese characteristics aims to redefine the relations between planning and socialism, and market economy and capitalism. It has preserved institutions of socialism and public ownership while importing sophisticated management experience and advanced market mechanisms from developed countries. The term "socialist market economy" was introduced in 1992 by Jiang Zemin.

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Li, Xin. "Science diplomacy in China: Past, present and future." Cultures of Science 6, no. 2 (June 2023): 170–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20966083231183473.

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Science diplomacy has played an important role in Chinese history, including in the history of science and technology (S&T) development. While we may consider science diplomacy as simply a part of China's Reform and Opening-up policy, the fact is that even in the Kuomintang period (1925–1949) or the Maoist period (1949–1976) it was a key element of Chinese foreign relations. The targets and nature of science diplomacy were shaped by the prevailing politics and economic issues of the times. For example, the Cold War limited the breadth and depth of S&T cooperation between China and the West. Nonetheless, the People's Republic of China pursued cooperation with the Soviet Union and newly independent countries in a very steadfast manner and continues to engage with Russia and developing countries today. This article analyses the nature of science diplomacy as an element of both China's S&T development and its foreign relations. The interactions and practices at the intersection of science and foreign policy in China are manifold. In addition to providing a comprehensive overview, this article also highlights evolving trends, especially in terms of the deepening of China's linkages across the international S&T system. Finally, the article examines the recent impact of the apparent rise of techno-nationalism and how this has affected the nature of China's international S&T activities regarding Beijing's use of science diplomacy.

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Rigdon, Susan. "Communism or the Kingdom: 'Saving' China, 1924-1949." Social Sciences and Missions 22, no. 2 (2009): 168–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187489309x12517973174365.

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AbstractThis paper identifies commonalities between Marxian economic principles and the socio-economic goals of Social Gospel missionaries in China in the quarter century between 1924 and 1949. It argues that the unbreachable divisions between missionaries, including those who advocated for a "Christian communism," and the communist party were rooted, on the Christian side, in a rejection of violence and coercive methods of policy implementation rather than in opposition to socialism. On the communist side opposition was not to specific tenets of Christianity but to foreign-funding and leadership and to the perception of American Christians as agents of an imperialist country.

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Pramesti, Azalia Ayu, and Adiasri Putri Purbantina. "Strategi Pemerintah Taiwan dalam Meningkatkan Ekspor Agrikultur melalui Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA)." Transformasi Global 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtg.008.01.5.

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The relationship between China and Taiwan since separating in 1949 continues to fluctuate, particularly with the One China Policy. However, despite the political tension between the two, they have close bilateral economic ties relations, where China is Taiwan's largest trading partner. China and Taiwan signed an agreement entitled "Cross-Straits Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement" (ECFA) in 2010. The ECFA challenges Taiwan's agricultural sector. This paper evaluates how the Taiwanese government response to boost the competitiveness of their agricultural exports through three channels: 1) foreign policies, 2) trade regulations, and 3) supports to domestic firms. Keywords: Free Trade Agreement, Foreign Policy, Trade Regulations, Firms

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Liu, Yueming. "A Review on Foreign Language Education Policies in China from 1949 to 2023." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 45, no. 1 (April 19, 2024): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/45/20230542.

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This paper reviews on the topic of foreign language education policies in China from 1949 to 2023. It mainly focuses on English and Russian. In this paper, the timeline is separated by three important timepoint. The first important section is in 1949. As the People's Republic of China came into being, complicated and convoluted foreign language education policies in China started to emerge. The second important section is in 1978. In this year, Chinese government launched the famous national strategy of reform and opening up, and thus many changes in Chinese foreign language education policy happened. The third important section is in 2021, and in this year, Chinese government launched the Double Reduction Policy. This is a policy aiming to alleviate students' homework burden and off campus training burden in the compulsory educational stage. This policy uses various kinds of measures to reduce students' burden in academic learning, help families who cannot afford luxurious after-class tutoring fee, and enable children to have more time and space needed for all round development. In general, this paper concludes the development of foreign language education policies in China from 1949 to 2023 and gives some points in economic and historical effects to English and Russian learning during this historical process.

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Pramesti, Azalia Ayu, and Adiasri Putri Purbantina. "Strategi Pemerintah Taiwan dalam Meningkatkan Ekspor Agrikultur melalui Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA)." Transformasi Global 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtg.2021.008.01.5.

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The relationship between China and Taiwan since separating in 1949 continues to fluctuate, particularly with the One China Policy. However, despite the political tension between the two, they have close bilateral economic ties relations, where China is Taiwan's largest trading partner. China and Taiwan signed an agreement entitled "Cross-Straits Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement" (ECFA) in 2010. The ECFA challenges Taiwan's agricultural sector. This paper evaluates how the Taiwanese government response to boost the competitiveness of their agricultural exports through three channels: 1) foreign policies, 2) trade regulations, and 3) supports to domestic firms.

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10

Zaremba, Michał. "Polityka, wzrost i nierówności w Chinach od 1949 roku. Próba oceny." Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy 71, no. 3 (September 2022): 38–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2022.3.3.

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The aim of the article is to examine and present the policies, processes and effects of economic growth in China since 1949, i.e. the establishment of the People’s Republic of China. Two research questions were formulated on this basis: how the processes of economic growth and development progressed in Mao Zadong’s times, and how the reforms during the Deng Xiaoping period influenced the economy of modern China. A historical analysis based on domestic and foreign literature is mainly used in the paper, as well as an analysis of existing data. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the economic policy in the Maoist era, despite all its flaws and defects, made a huge contribution to the development of China, leading, inter alia, to reducing illiteracy and extreme poverty. Finally, the policy supplemented by more efficient market mechanisms led to the true prosperity of this country. Nevertheless, it is impossible not to notice the problems that are growing and in the next few years may become a barrier to further growth: high inequalities, an ageing population, and environmental issues. Given China’s ability to adapt and solve problems, we may hope that they will also resolve these problems. The challenges China is facing are serious, nevertheless, taking into account the way they have overcome, it can be hoped that the current problems will also be resolved.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "China Economic policy 1949-1976"

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Fong, Wai Lok Raymond. "What sustains growth in China : a tale of the three kingdoms." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2000. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/240.

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Canivet, Christophe. "Shanghai-Pudong New Area : a logical step in China's drive to modernization?" Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69558.

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This thesis analyzes the People's Republic of China's modernization strategy in order to test the hypothesis according to which the "open-door" policy might represent a shift from Marxism to a Neoclassical economy model. To do so, the author compares the performance realized by the Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and by the newly established Shanghai-Pudong New Area (1990). Although it benefits from the fourteen year old SEZs experience, it is argued, Pudong duplicates the flaws inherent to the SEZs and fails to offer advancement over their development. The author then suggests that China's initial objective to build a strong modern socialist country has apparently been gradually displaced by an evolutionary process of change similar to that in the Asian New Industrialized Countries (NICs), namely South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore.

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3

Keng, Shu. "Making markets work in rural China the transformation of local networks in a Chinese town, 1979-1999 /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3035960.

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Liu, Meiru. "Administrative Reform in China: Its Impact on Economic Development After Mao." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1347.

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The need to improve the quality of government decision-making and tailor China's management to its more complex economy after Mao's death forced China's Party authorities to implement a number of administrative reforms, and to select administrative leaders from among professionals and specialists based on their competence, education, and age. The crucial outcome of these post-Mao reforms, 1979 to the present, is the major focus of this research. This study examines the role of China's top administrative elites during and after the post-Mao administrative reforms, and determines to what extent the changes and their impact on the policy-making may have brought about better economic policies and development. China's social and political conditions and leadership changes before, during, and after the reform are provided as background information for the analysis of policy making in China. This is followed by an analysis of various contemporary theories of bureaucracy and technocracy in general, and the Weberian Legal-Rational model of modern bureaucracy in particular. Qualitative and quantitative methods coupled with surveys, interviews, biographical and documentary-historical methods, and other primary and secondary data are combined in this empirical study. The primary data on biographical information of administrative elites were drawn from the collected results of questionnaires and interviews with elite members of State Council ministries and commissions, provincial and municipal governments. The secondary data were used to conduct a biographical study of the Maoist and post-Mao top administrative elites--all premiers, vice-premiers, State Council ministers, and all provincial governors and municipal mayors from the founding of the PRC in 1949 up until 1993. Through these analyses, the study found that post-Mao administrative reform has indeed brought about changes in the composition of administrative elites. These post-Mao administrative elites are more professionally competent, better educated, more efficient, and younger. Their economic policies have stimulated more extensive and sustained economic development.

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Zhou, Haoming. "The Challenges of China's Economic Reform: State Enterprise Reform and Financial Liberalization." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2682/.

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This thesis examines China's state-owned enterprise reform and financial reform in the last two decades. I characterize the progress of China's state-owned enterprises reform in two areas: privatization of small SOEs and mass layoffs. I argue that privatization rests on the political economy of China. I also discuss the evolution of the financial system and come up with some strategies of financial liberalization in China. Result from this study suggests that if the necessary reforms of the financial sector and state enterprises are effectively carried out, inevitably this will lead to a significantly slower rate of growth for a period of time. However, these reforms will provide the basis for a period of sustained growth in the long run.

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Vout, Paul T. "B.O.T. with Chinese characteristics." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1999. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28046.

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China's BOT program is important because China suffers a dearth of infrastructure particularly in the areas of water and waste water treatment, roads and airports, which pure government funding will not be able to meet in the medium to long term. Thus, if China is to continue to develop, and its people to prosper, it must adopt a successful model for attracting private and, in particular, foreign private capital. China's experimental BOT program is an attempt to do just that.

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Lee, Shu-Kam. "The market for energy in China." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/851.

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Since 1979, China embarked on an economic reform to modernize the country. The reform was so successful that China was able to grow by an impressive rate of 9 percent per anum between 1979 and 1997. The rapid development of the economy leads to a drastic increase in demand for energy. Since China has the largest population in the world, its energy demand is nothing but huge. Each year, for example, China needs to install as much as 10,000 MW of new electricity generation capacity, which equals the curent capacity of Netherlands. This increase in demand for energy, which is likely to continue, wil have implications for global energy markets, the world price of energy and for the global environment as emissions of greenhouse gases grow rapidly. Against this background, there is an urgent need for the country to better manage the energy sector so that the market can function in an orderly manner. To tackle this issue, I single out three important energy problems to study. First, I wil examine the current situation of the energy imbalance in China. Second, I wil forecast how rapid the energy demand wil grow in future so that the deficit between the demand and domestic supply can be identified. Lastly, I wil discuss some methods that can be used to manage the demand. My finding shows that energy-capital and energy-material inputs are complementary, whereas the relationship of energy and labour is insignificant. In addition, the simulation exercises also reveals that a high energy pricing policy might not be effective in mitigating the demand and in encouraging firms to employ labour intensive techniques. Also, rising energy prices may bring spiral inflation and deterioration in the balance of payments and foreign resources. Therefore, government should act cautiously when increasing energy prices.

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Wang, Yu Qing. "Quantitative analysis of the patterns and contributions of China's external trade." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1998. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/129.

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Hoogbaard, Morne. "China's rise to superpower status : problems and prospects." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52163.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research assignment examines pertinent factors affecting the political, economic and social landscape of the development of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Domestic conditions within the PRC are influencing its foreign policy behaviour in the international arena. The PRC's internal environment will thus determine the extent of its external presence.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die werkstuk bestudeer die relevante faktore wat die politieke, ekonomiese en sosiale landskap ten opsigte van die Republiek van China (PRC) se holistiese ontwikkeling beïnvloed. Omstandighede binne die Republiek beïnvloed die land se buitelandse beleidsgedrag in die internasionale arena. Dit sal dus regverdig wees om te sê dat binnelandse faktore 'n beslissende rol speel ten opsigte van hoe die land homself binne die globale arena hanteer.

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Wai, Cheng Iong. "A politica monetaria na reforma economica da China." Thesis, University of Macau, 1996. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636861.

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Books on the topic "China Economic policy 1949-1976"

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J, Lloyd P., and Zhang Xiaoguang 1952-, eds. China in the global economy. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2000.

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Larsen, Kjeld Allan. Regional policy of China, 1949-85. Manila, Philippines: Journal of Centemporary Asia Publishers, 1992.

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Li, Chen, ed. Reforming China: Major events (1978-1991). Singapore: Enrich Professional, 2011.

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Yue-man, Yeung, and Song Enrong 1948-, eds. Shanghai: Transformation and modernization under China's open policy. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press, 1996.

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Wei, C. X. George. Sino-American economic relations, 1944-1949. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1997.

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Zhang, Wei. Economic reform in modern China: Critical concepts in economics. New York: Routledge, 2011.

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Swaine, Michael D. China: Domestic change and foreign policy. Santa Monica, Calif: RAND, 1995.

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Yabuki, Susumu. China's new political economy: The giant awakes. Boulder: Westview Press, 1995.

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Gungwu, Wang, and Wong John 1939-, eds. China's political economy. Singapore: Singapore University Press, National University of Singapore, 1998.

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1931-, Saw Swee-Hock, Wong John 1939-, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies., National University of Singapore. Business School. Saw Centre for Financial Studies., and National University of Singapore. East Asian Institute., eds. Regional economic development in China. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "China Economic policy 1949-1976"

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Darimont, Barbara. "Economic Development Since 1949." In Economic Policy of the People's Republic of China, 23–33. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38467-8_3.

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Quan, Guan. "Macro policy." In Economic Development in Modern China Since 1949, 192–206. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003410393-16.

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Bottelier, Pieter. "Evolution of economic policy making." In Economic Policy Making in China (1949–2016), 13–28. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge contemporary China series ; 187: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315141725-2.

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Bottelier, Pieter. "Architects of China’s market-oriented economic reforms." In Economic Policy Making in China (1949–2016), 29–65. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge contemporary China series ; 187: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315141725-3.

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Bottelier, Pieter. "Puzzles and surprises." In Economic Policy Making in China (1949–2016), 1–12. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge contemporary China series ; 187: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315141725-1.

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Bottelier, Pieter. "Chen Yun (1905–1995) 1." In Economic Policy Making in China (1949–2016), 66–71. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge contemporary China series ; 187: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315141725-4.

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Bottelier, Pieter. "China’s entry into the World Bank." In Economic Policy Making in China (1949–2016), 72–83. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge contemporary China series ; 187: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315141725-5.

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Bottelier, Pieter. "Unfinished reform agenda." In Economic Policy Making in China (1949–2016), 84–92. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge contemporary China series ; 187: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315141725-6.

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Ho, Wai-Chung. "The Challenges of Implementing Diverse Political Directives in Contemporary China: Between Creativity and Confucianism." In The Politics of Diversity in Music Education, 103–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65617-1_8.

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AbstractThe People’s Republic of China (PRC) was founded as a communist state in 1949 within the framework of the collective leadership model under the Communist Party of China (the single-party system in China). After experiencing sociopolitical and economic changes, the PRC has moved to the free market economy of globalisation in the global age. The evolution of Chinese politics and the economic system has resulted in more diversity and changes in school education, along with struggles to adjust to these changes. Along this line, this chapter will examine the complex relationship between the politics of diversity, Confucianism, and creativity education, particularly in response to the views of Chinese teachers from Beijing via in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews on the implementation of a creativity policy in school music education. Based on current education policies and the interview data collected for this study on the examination of the nature of creativity, this chapter will conclude with a discussion of how school music education may help initiate a dialogue on the politics and nature of creativity and cultural identity in response to the challenges of contemporary political and cultural values between creativity and Confucianism that prevail in the global age of China.

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10

Gonen, Ehud. "China and the Suez Canal—Politics, Economy, and Logistics." In Palgrave Studies in Maritime Politics and Security, 27–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15670-0_2.

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Abstract:

AbstractThe relations between China and Egypt are good and open, based on common economic and political interests as well as a deep mutual cultural appreciation since both China and Egypt are part of the four great river civilizations of the ancient world (The four civilizations are China and the Yang Cha River, Egypt and the Nile River, the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent and the Ganges River, and Mesopotamia and the Euphrates and Tigres rivers.). Egypt, even during Mao Zedong’s rule in China (1949–1976), enjoyed Chinese support as part of China’s support for the bloc of non-identifying countries, including East African countries such as Sudan, and benefited from the development of China–Africa relations.

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Conference papers on the topic "China Economic policy 1949-1976"

1

Fu, Yuzhu, and Cheng Yan. "The Performances of Chinese Peasants' new life -- In Propaganda Poster of China 1949--1976." In 2017 International Conference on Innovations in Economic Management and Social Science (IEMSS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iemss-17.2017.69.

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2

Li, Pengcheng, and Yanling Mei. "Examination on Status of Construction of Recreation Culture from 1949 to 1976 After the Founding of New China." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccese-19.2019.160.

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