Journal articles on the topic 'Chilli crops'
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1
Begum, SA, MS Zaman, and ASMMR Khan. "Intercropping of root crops with chilli in charlands of Mymensingh." Progressive Agriculture 26, no. 2 (December 15, 2015): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v26i2.25964.
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Adoption of intercropping may increases crop production instead of declining trend of agricultural land in Bangladesh. Thus, a field experiment on intercropping of root crops with chilli was executed at char area of Dori Bhabkhali in Mymensingh district during October 2014 to March 2015 to find out an appropriate intercrop for cultivation with chilli for higher productivity and maximum economic return. The experiment was consisted with five crop combinations viz., sole chilli, chilli + radish, chilli+ carrot, chilli + onion and chilli + garlic. Significantly the highest yield (green chilli) was obtained with sole chilli (10.26 t ha-1). Among the intercropping treatments, the highest chilli yield (10.31 tha-1) was obtained from chilli + garlic which were close to chilli + onion whereas the lowest (7.71 tha-1) was found in chilli + radish combination. Intercropping reduced 3 to 48 % chilli yield but total productivity as expressed by chilli equivalent yield increased by 80-135% over sole chilli due to the contribution of companion crops. The highest chilli equivalent yield (25.01 t ha-1), gross return (1250500 Tk ha-1), gross margin (1133500 Tk ha-1) and marginal benefit cost ratio (8.56) were obtained from chilli + garlic combination. Considering the experimental findings, chilli + garlic might be suitable combination for higher productivity and economic return.Progressive Agriculture 26 (2): 109-114, 2015
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Kumar, Ravi, Vivak Kumar, G. R. Singh, B. R. Singh, Samsher ., and Jaivir Singh. "Study on drying characteristics of chemical treated slit green chillies under hot air oven." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 4, no. 02 (November 28, 2019): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2019.4.2.17.
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Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the important commercial crops of India. It is a crop of tropical and subtropical regions and requires a warm humid climate. Chilli is a highly perishable vegetable with a short shelf-life and commonly encounter postharvest problems; to deal such problems, drying was done using hot air oven. Three different temperatures (50, 60 and 70 °C) use in hot air oven. Before drying chillis were slitted and treated with Butylated Hydroxy Anisole and Potassium Carbonate solution. Overall drying rate increased with temperature in hot air oven. Drying of dipsol green chilli took place in falling rate period. Initial moisture content of the green chilli was an average of 84.20±1 % w. b.
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Brahmana, Maria Nina Egyna, Sahara, and Nia Kurniawati Hidayat. "Price Volatility Analysis of Red and Cayenne Pepper of Java Islands during Covid-19 Pandemic." Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies 4, no. 4 (September 28, 2022): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jefas.2022.4.4.2.
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One of the food crops that is considered an essential commodity in Indonesia and has economic value is chilli. Chilli consumption continues to increase, especially red chilli and cayenne pepper, but since the Covid-19 Pandemic, consumption has decreased. Red chilli and cayenne pepper are commodities whose production is seasonal, easily damaged, and uneven throughout Indonesia. The Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia was first on the island of Java, which shook the supply of agricultural products and caused colossal price fluctuations in the market. Since the implementation of large-scale restrictions in Indonesia, it has caused a hampering of product distribution between regions. Fluctuations in the price of red chili and cayenne pepper often impact the high contribution of chilli to inflation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the price volatility of red chili on Java Island and the price volatility of cayenne pepper on Java Island. The analysis method used is ARCH GARCH modelling to measure volatility. The results showed that the volatility of red chilli on Java Island is high. In contrast, the volatility of cayenne pepper on Java Island is low.
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Sataral, Mihwan, Syahril Daud, F. Fahri, and Maria Hevianti. "Potential of various trap crops for the control of Bemisia tabaci on chilli pepper." CELEBES Agricultural 2, no. 2 (March 31, 2022): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.52045/jca.v2i2.398.
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The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is an important pest of chilli peppers and a vector insect that causes yellow leaf disease. This study aimed to compare the whitefly population and the intensity of its attacks on chilli production in plots with or without trap crops. This study used eggplant, tomato and mungbean as trap crops. As the main crop, Chilli pepper was planted in plots measuring 7 m x 4 m with a spacing of 60 cm x 70 cm. Trap crops were planted around the chilli pepper plots, with 16 plants in each plot. The results showed a significant difference between whitefly populations and the intensity of their attacks in plots without trap crops and plots with mungbean traps. The biggest chilli weight was obtained from plots with mungbean trap plants. State that mungbean has the best potential as a trap crop to control B. tabacii
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Kurniawan, Helmi, and Iwan Fitrianto Rahmad. "PERANCANGAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDETEKSI PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN CABE DENGAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR." CCIT Journal 5, no. 2 (January 6, 2012): 186–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v5i2.150.
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The Chilli in scientific language called Capsium annuum is not native to Indonesia, but came from the Americas, to be precise and South America Central America and Mexico. Quite a lot of chilli plants cultivated in Indonesia, especially in the land - the land of paddy fields and land - dry land that gets enough sunlight. In general, chilli plants grown as crops. Chilli and cultural communities, especially communities Medan Indonesia can hardly be separated, especially in cooking. Unlike the people - Europeans, Americans, and several Asian countries who prefer spicy pepper, Indonesian people especially people prefer spicy chili field. Virtually all the serving dishes found in cuisines that contain chilli although only slightly. Community needs for chili plants increases, along with the increasing growth of the community and increased social welfare. Although the need for chili plants increased, but not accompanied by increased production. As for the cause it can happen because ofpests, plant diseases, and less extension of the government. Artificial intelligence or artificial intelligence is a part of computer science that make the machine (computer) can do the job and as good as that done by humans. Intelligent systems (intelligent system) system wasbuilt using artificial intelligence techniques. One studied in artificial intelligence is the theory of certainty by using the theory of Certainty Factor (CF). Expert System (Expert System) is a knowledge-based programs that provide quality solutions to problems-problems of experts in a specific domain. Expert systems are computer programs that mimic the thought process and expert knowledge in solving a specific problem.
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Ahmed, M., S. Ishtiaque, MMR Sarker, AS MMR Khan, AK Choudhury, MK Hasan, F. Hossain, SK Paul, and MU Islam. "Hybrid Maize and Chilli Intercropping in the Hilly Areas of Bandarban." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 19, no. 1 (October 9, 2016): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v19i1.29869.
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The experiment was conducted at farmers field of On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), Bandarban during Rabi season of 2014-15 to find out suitable combination of hybrid maize and chilli intercropping system to increase system productivity and economic return. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with six dispersed replications. The maize var. BARI Hybrid Maize-9 and chilli (local) were used in the experiment. Two intercropping combinations viz., Maize single row (100 cm x 25 cm) + 2 rows chilli (50 cm x 40 cm) and Maize single row (150 cm x 25 cm) + 3 rows Chilli (50 cm x 40 cm) were evaluated against their sole crops. The highest gross return (Tk. 435040 ha-1), net return (Tk. 366290 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (6.33) were recorded in maize single row (150 cm x 25cm) + 3 rows Chilli (50 cm x 40 cm) combination. Cob yield of hybrid maize and green fruit yield of Chilli were the highest in the respective sole crops. The results revealed that maize single row (150 cm x 25 cm) + 3 rows Chilli (50 cm x 40 cm) combination might be suitable and economically profitable for the hilly areas.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 45-48
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BHAMBOTA, S., A. K. DIXIT, G. S. MANES, A. S. DHATT, S. K. SINGH, and ARSHDEEP SINGH. "Field evaluation of a semi-automatic vegetable transplanter for major vegetable crops." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 11 (November 16, 2018): 1755–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i11.84922.
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A tractor operated semi-automatic two row vegetable transplanter using plug type nursery was developed. This machine makes ridges with provisions to vary row and plant spacing. Machine released the seedlings close to the ground in near vertical position without any damage. Machine was evaluated in the field for transplanting tomato, brinjal, and chilli nursery at forward speeds of 1.00, 1.25, and 1.50 km/h. Plug type nursery was used which was grown in trays having truncated pyramid shape cells of volume 16.28 cm3 using soil-less media developed by Punjab Agricultural University. Plant missing, plant doubling, and quality of feed index was adversely affected at higher forward speeds for tomato and brinjal. Quality of feed index was 100 % for chilli up to highest forward speed of 1.5km/h. The machine can transplant tomato, brinjal and chilli at forward speed of 1.00 km/h, 1.25 km/h, and 1.50 km/h respectively with plant missing of less than 4% at these recommended speeds. The machine could transplant the seedlings with inclinations less than 30°, which is considered erect. No plant mortality was observed after 20 days for all the crops studied. Field capacity of the machine for transplanting tomato, brinjal and chilli was 0.103 ha/h, 0.126ha/h, and 0.152 ha/h, respectively as recommended for these cops. Saving in labour with the use of the machine over manual method for transplanting tomato, brinjal and chilli was 84.86%, 85.58%, and 88.41%, respectively, whereas saving in cost was 24.80%, 28.03% and 42.42%, respectively.
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Banu, Most Bilkis, Musharraf Hossain Mian, M. Mazibur Rahman, Abu Zofar Md Moslehuddin, and Mohammad Quamrul Islam Matin. "Identification and Characterization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Strains from the Roots and Rhizospheres of Tomato, Brinjal, Chilli and Onion." Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research 21, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2023/v21i1398.
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Rhizosphere soils and roots of two vegetables (tomato and brinjal) and two spices (chilli and onion) crops were collected from each of four Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs) of Bangladesh viz. AEZ-9 (RARS, Jamalpur), AEZ-11 (RARS, Jashore), AEZ-25 (ARS, Bogura) and AEZ-28 (BARI, Joydebpur) in 2014-2015. Characterization and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal strains were studied in the microbiology laboratory of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI). Different crops showed positive responses in percent root colonization such as 74.11-83.78%, 22.11-24.33%, 7.33-8.89%, and 6.67-9.33% in onion, tomato, chilli, and brinjal, respectively. Rhizosphere soil of individual crops had also variations in the number of spore populations such as 120.11-200.33, 33.44-50.78, 36.11-39.22, and 28.56-41.89 per 100g soil in onion, tomato, chilli, and brinjal, respectively. Eleven AM strains were identified in tomatoes: Glomus geosporum, G. mosseae, G. fasciculatum, G. spp., Acaulospora dilatata, A. bireticulata, A. mellea, A. morrowiae, Entrophospora infrequens, Sclerocystis coremioides and Gigaspora margarita. Nine each were identified from other three crops. G. spp. and Acaulospora bireticulata were absent in brinjal and chilli. Acaulospora dilatata and A. mellea were absent in onion. The formation of AM structures was found inconsistent and fluctuating from site to site in the present study. Both oval and spherical-shaped vesicles were found among the AM structures.
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Sahid, Ismail B., and John B. Sugau. "Allelopathic Effect of Lantana (Lantana camara) and Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) on Selected Crops." Weed Science 41, no. 2 (June 1993): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500076219.
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Laboratory, greenhouse, and field studies were conducted to determine the allelopathic potential of lantana and Siam weed on the germination and growth of five crops. Emergence and dry weight of bioassay species were affected when lantana or Siam weed debris was present on the soil surface or incorporated into the soil. However, presence of Siam weed on the soil surface did not affect dry weight of rape. Emergence and dry weight of crops (except emergence of spinach) were not affected when crops were grown in soil samples collected from beneath field-grown lantana. Dry weight of Chinese cabbage and chilli was reduced when these crops were grown in Siam weed-contaminated soil. Germination of Chinese cabbage, chilli, and rape decreased progressively when exposed to increasing concentrations of aqueous lantana extract. However, the lantana extract at full strength (66.7 g L−1) did not reduce germination of spinach and cucumber seed. Siam weed extract, when applied at full strength to seed of spinach, Chinese cabbage, rape, and chilli, reduced germination by 10, 12, 21, and 19% of control, respectively. Full-strength extract of lantana and Siam weed decreased seedling length and fresh weight of all crops.
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Yaswanth, C. "Pesticides Usage Pattern by Cotton and Chilli Farmers in Kurnool District of Andhra Pradesh." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences 9, no. 4 (August 30, 2021): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8755.
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The present study intended to know the pesticides usage pattern by cotton and chilli farmers in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh. For the study Kurnool district was purposively selected as it occupies first place in gross area sown in Andhra Pradesh. Among the crops cultivated in Kurnool district, cotton and chilli were selected as the pesticide’s consumption is high in these crops. The collected data was analyzed by using percentage and frequencies. From this investigation it was found that 92.5 per cent of the sample farmers used Monocrotophos 36% SL for cotton and used as the first spray of insecticide in cotton to control sucking pests by every farmer. In chilli Pendimethalin 30% EC by 97.5 per cent by sample farmers as it controls annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds.
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Kopta, Tomas, Agnieszka Sekara, Robert Pokluda, Vojtech Ferby, and Gianluca Caruso. "Screening of Chilli Pepper Genotypes as a Source of Capsaicinoids and Antioxidants under Conditions of Simulated Drought Stress." Plants 9, no. 3 (March 16, 2020): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030364.
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In many regions of the world, the production of vegetable crops is limited by a deepening water crisis. Drought stress affects productivity and the chemical composition of crops. The variability of drought tolerance between species and cultivars of economically important crops, such as pepper (Capsicum species), requires specific investigations to understand the physiological and biochemical responses to the aftermath of drought. The fruits and leaves of four chilli pepper cultivars were investigated to elucidate the fruits’ pungency (Scoville Heat Units, SHU), ascorbic acid content, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, polyphenol content, membrane lipid peroxidation and key protective antioxidant enzyme activity under drought stress (18–28% volumetric water content) as compared to the control (35–60%). Drought increased the chilli pepper fruits’ pungency expressed in Scoville Heat Units (SHU) as well as ascorbic acid content, but this relationship was also dependent on genotype and stress duration. ‘Jolokia’ was marked as most sensitive to drought by increasing content of capsaicinoids and DPPH˙ scavenging activity under stress conditions. Capsaicinoids and Ascorbic acid (AsA) greatly influenced the antioxidant activity of highly pungent chilli pepper fruits, although total phenols played a significant role in the mildly pungent genotypes. Generally, the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased under drought in chilli pepper leaves and fruits, although the intensity of the reaction varied among the cultivars used in the current research. All the investigated biochemical parameters were involved in the drought response of chilli pepper plants, but their significance and effectiveness were highly cultivar-dependent.
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Obayelu, Oluwakemi, and Ganiyat Alimi. "Rural-urban price transmission and market integration of selected horticultural crops in Oyo state, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 58, no. 3 (2013): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1303195o.
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The majority of agricultural markets in African countries are inefficient and poorly integrated. This study therefore assessed the level of market integration and the trend analysis of selected vegetable crops in Oyo State. It also identified the leading market between rural and urban markets in Oyo state. Secondary data on the prices of fresh tomato, onion, chilli pepper, sweet pepper, and fresh pepper (2003-2011) were obtained from Oyo State Agricultural Development Programme and were analysed using trend analyses, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, Granger causality test and index of market concentration. Results showed that the prices of onion, chilli pepper and fresh pepper were non-stationary in their various level forms but stationary at first difference; while prices of fresh tomato and sweet pepper in urban markets were stationary at their level form at probability of 5% respectively. The indices of market concentration for onion, sweet pepper, fresh pepper, chilli pepper were less than one suggesting high short-run market integration, whereas fresh tomato achieved low short-run market integration. Further, urban markets were the leading markets for onion, chilli pepper and sweet pepper, while rural markets were the leading markets for fresh tomato and fresh pepper.
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Wahyudi, Imam, Wan Mariatul Kifti, and Sudarmin Sudarmin. "Implementasi Algoritma MOORA untuk Pemilihan Bibit Cabai Unggul Di Kota Tanjungbalai Berbasis Web." JUTSI (Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi) 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/jutsi.v2i1.1179.
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Abstrack:Chili is one type of plant that is widely planted by the community. Chili becomes a vegetable that has high economic value. However, farmers still use traditional methods in determining the chili seeds to be planted. Just as farmers choose chili seeds based only on chili seeds at a low price, so it is less able to overcome various pests that allow yields to fall. Of course this will have an impact on the lack of sale prices of crops. to carry out a research process by applying technology that can increase the yield of chilli crops through the application of a Decision Support System. The method used is the MOORA method which is one of the methods of a decision support system. Through the application of this method, researchers will compare each type of chilli seedlings based on criteria that will determine which chili is said to be superior. So that it will produce an information about the types of superior chili seeds based on all the existing criteria. Through the creation of a web-based system / application for the selection of superior chilli seedlings, farmers in Indonesia have broad access to take advantage of the results of future research making it easier for farmers to know which chili seeds are superior.The results of this study obtained the most superior chili with the highest value of 0.469, namely large red chilies. So what is the result of the recommendation for the implementation of this MOORA method is large red chili. Keywords:Decision Support System; MOORA Method; Chili Seed Abstrak: Cabai merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman yang banyak ditanam masyarakat. Cabai menjadi sayuran yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Akan tetapi petani masih meng-gunakan cara tradisional dalam menentukan bibit cabai yang akan ditanam. Seperti halnya petani memilih bibit cabai hanya berdasarkan bibit cabai dengan harga yang murah, sehingga hal tersebut kurang mampu mengatasi berbagai hama yang memungkinkan hasil panen menjadi turun. Tentu hal tersebut akan berdampak pada kurangnya harga jual hasil panen. untuk melakukan proses penelitian dengan menerapkan teknologi yang dapat meningkatkan hasil panen tanaman cabai melalui penerapan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode MOORA yang merupakan salah satu metode dari sistem pendukung keputusan. Melalui penerapan metode ini, peneliti akan membandingkan setiap jenis bibit cabai ber-dasarkan kriteria yang akan menentukan suatu cabai dikatakan unggul. Sehingga hal tersebut akan menghasilkan sebuah informasi tentang jenis bibit cabai unggul berdasarkan semua kriteria yang ada. Melalui pembuatan sistem/aplikasi berbasis web untuk pemilihan bibit cabai unggul ini, maka para petani di Indonesia memiliki akses luas untuk memanfaatkan hasil penelitian nantinya sehingga memudahkan para petani mengetahui bibit cabai yang unggul. Hasil dari penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil cabai yang paling unggul dengan nilai tertinggi 0,469 yaitu cabai merah besar. Kata Kunci:Sistem Pendukung Keputusan; Metode MOORA;Bibit Cabai
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Fahrudin, Fahrudin, and Mahdiannoor Mahdiannoor. "Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Cabe Rawit terhadap Pemberian Beberapa Dosis Kotoran Ayam di Tanah Podsolik Merah Kuning." RAWA SAINS : JURNAL SAINS STIPER AMUNTAI 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2013): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36589/rs.v3i2.25.
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Cayenne pepper or chilli is a fruit vegetable crops needed by the whole society as a flavoring food and medicine. In general, chilli plants can be grown in all types of soil and grow best when growing conditions are met, but the best is in the lowland soil containing sand with good porosity. This study aimed to know (i) the growth and yield response of cayenne pepper extending of multiple doses of the chicken manure fertilizer (ii) the best doses of chicken manure fertilizer on the growth and yield chili in red yellow podzolic soil. The experiment was conducted in the Timbun Tulang Village Batu Mandi District Balangan Regency from June - September 2010, using a randomized block design (RBD) a single factor, with repeated 4 times and the combination of experimental units 7 pieces, so for the entire experiment were 28 experimental plots. The results showed that treatment doses of chicken manure droppings significant effect on plant height age 14 day after planting (DAP), significant effect on plant height ages 21 and 28 DAP, age of the plant starts to flower and plant fresh weight chili. The best treatment for high-growth plant ages 14, 21 and 28 DAP, age starts to flower and fruit fresh weight chili crop is treated k5 (1.4 kg chicken manure fertilizer / planting hole).
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Mariyono, Joko, and Sumarno Sumarno. "Chilli production and adoption of chilli-based agribusiness in Indonesia." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 5, no. 1 (May 18, 2015): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-01-2014-0002.
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Purpose – Chilli plays an important role in the Indonesian economy through its multiplier effect. The recent rapid growth of chilli production in Indonesia can be explained by the development of agricultural and communication technologies and improved market infrastructure. The purpose of this paper is to analyse factors that affect farmers’ decisions to adopt chilli-based agribusinesses. Intensive chilli farming, as a part of agricultural commercialisation, is considered a technological package that is more profitable but also more input- and labour-intensive than the production of rice or other cereal crops. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a logit model to estimate the farmers’ decision function. Personal characteristics, technical factors and business environment were hypothesised to influence farmers’ decisions to adopt intensive chilli farming. Data for this study were compiled from surveys conducted during 2009-2011. The surveys interviewed 300 farmer households in three main chilli producing regions of Java, Indonesia. Findings – The results indicate that younger farmers, and also farmers with more experience, were more likely to adopt chilli farming. Availability of chilli production technology and the use of mobile phones prompted farmers to adopt chilli farming. Access to vegetable markets, credit, and market information were other factors driving farmers’ decisions to take up chilli production. Most farmers were motivated to grow chilli to increase their incomes. Ecological factors were also the reasons. Research limitations/implications – The sample for this research is quite low. However, the sample was drawn from representative potential chilli production areas in Indonesia. Originality/value – There is room to increase the number of chilli-based agribusinesses in Indonesia. Intensive chilli farming should be introduced to young farmers and those with experience in vegetable production. Farm credit, market information, and agronomic technologies should be made more available and accessible to farmers. Strengthening communication networks among farmers through the use of mobile phones is the best way to encourage farmers to adopt intensive chilli farming. Vegetable markets should be established in potential chilli producing regions.
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Liburd, Oscar E., Babu R. Panthi, and Douglas A. Phillips. "Chilli Thrips on Blueberries in Florida." EDIS 2020, no. 6 (November 17, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1298-2020.
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Chilli thrips, (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood; Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is an economically important pest of vegetable, fruit, and ornamental crops throughout Asia, Africa, Oceania, the Caribbean, and some parts of South America and is an invasive pest in several US states. Chilli thrips were first observed in Florida in 1991. It was first recorded in blueberries in Hernando, Pasco and Sumter counties in July of 2008. This 4-page fact sheet written by Oscar E. Liburd, Babu R. Panthi, and Douglas A. Phillips and published by the UF/IFAS Entomology and Nematology Department discusses the life cycle of the chilli thrips, plant damage it causes, and management recommendations for chilli thrips in blueberries in Florida.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1298
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Kadir, M., Jubaidur Rahman, MI Riad, and MK Alam. "INTERCROPPING CHILLI WITH GROUNDNUT IN CHAR LAND." Tropical Agroecosystems 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/taec.02.2021.79.81.
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Intercropping is a farming practice involving two or more crop species, or genotypes, growing together and coexisting for a time. On the fringes of modern intensive agriculture, intercropping is important in many subsistence or low-input/resource-limited agricultural systems. Intercropping in order to improve land use efficiency, take advantage of intercropping facilitation and improve economic benefits. Also, linked with the higher yield, the associated higher amount of vegetables-legume by-product is preferred for animal feed or human consumption. The objective of this study is to find out the suitable groundnut – chilli intercropping system and increase productivity, economic and nutritional development of charland farmers of Bangladesh. In the experiment, intercropping system such as One row of chilli in between two normal rows of groundnut, two rows of chilli in between two normal rows of groundnut which was compared with sole groundnut and sole chilli production. Total yields of chilli /groundnut intercropping were higher than that of sole chilli and groundnut. chilli /groundnut intercropping is the efficient use of light because of complementary use of space between the chilli plants and the groundnut plants. Chilli /groundnut intercrop gross return and BCR per hectare were found higher than from sole crop system. The total yield of intercropped crops was greater than sole cropping shown by LER>1. The overall advantage of intercropping ranged from 71 to 81%. The highest land equivalent value of 81% was recorded from paired row chilli in between four normal rows of groundnut sowing arrangements indicated a yield advantage of 81% over sole crop.
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Yourstone, Johanna, Josefin Gunnarsson, Henrik G. Smith, and Hema Somanathan. "High dependency of chilli fruit set on wild pollinators in southern India." Journal of Pollination Ecology 28 (July 9, 2021): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26786/1920-7603(2021)629.
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Ongoing pollinator declines threaten the production of many entomophilous crops. Recent reports that yields of animal-pollinated crops in India are increasing less than pollinator-independent ones suggest the occurrence of pollen limitation. We experimentally evaluated if production of the common food crop chilli benefits from insect pollination and if crop production is constrained by lack of pollinators under field conditions. Experiments were conducted in eleven chilli fields distributed across a semi-arid agricultural landscape in Andhra Pradesh, India. The experimental treatments included open controls, open pollen-supplemented flowers, and bagged flowers for pollinator exclusion. The fruit set from the two open treatments (control and pollen supplementation) was about three times higher than that from the exclusion treatment, suggesting strong dependence on insect pollination. Control supplementation treatments did not differ, which suggests that there normally is sufficient pollination for chilli production in the area. Bees contributed 98% of flower visits. Flower visitor abundance correlated with higher fruit set, but only significantly so in the pollen supplemented treatment. While previous studies that are mostly conducted in greenhouse settings suggest that chilli reproduction does not depend much on animal pollination, our field study confirms that presence of animal pollinators increases fruit set. Future research should establish if this also applies to fruit quality and total yield. Our study highlights the importance of field-realistic experiments and warrants research on pollinator dependencies of other crops. The results have implications for crop production in an area where pollinator levels may be sufficiently high for crop pollination today but possibly not in the future due to environmental change.
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Parker, Guy E., and Ferrel V. Osborn. "Investigating the potential for chilli Capsicum spp. to reduce human-wildlife conflict in Zimbabwe." Oryx 40, no. 3 (July 2006): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605306000822.
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Human-wildlife conflict has negative implications for wildlife conservation, and current crop protection methods are not sufficient to address the problem. Alternative livelihood strategies may provide the ultimate solution to this conflict but they are not always feasible in the short-term. We test the viability of using chilli Capsicum spp. as an unpalatable cash crop to reduce human-wildlife conflict. Our trials indicate that chilli is less vulnerable to wildlife than other crops and is also economically viable.
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Trizelia, Haliatur Rahma, and Martinius. "POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM CHILLI AS BIOINSECTICIDES AGAINST TENEBRIO MOLITOR LIN. AND SPODOPTERA LITURA FAB. LARVAE." Journal of Biopesticides 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.10.2.10-16.
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Endophytic fungus is a fungus that is associated with healthy host tissues without causing disease symptoms. T h i s f u n g u s can be developed as the biological control agent of chilli pests. This study i s aimed a t isolating, selecting and evaluating the potency of endophytic fungi from chilli crops (Capsicum annuum L.) as bioinsecticides. Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves, trunk, branches and roots of chilli. Screening endophytic fungal isolates pathogenic to insect were conducted using fifth instar larvae of Tenebrio molitor. The isolates with the highest mortality were further assayed against Spodoptera litura larvae. The results of the research showed that of the 46 isolates of endophytic fungi that were successfully isolated from chilli, 22 isolates were pathogenic (47.82%) and 24 isolates not pathogenic in insects. Mortality of T. molitor larvae ranged from 15- 30% and the percentage of sporulation ranged from 11.11- 100%. Endophytic fungi werealso able to infect S. litura larvae. Mortality of second instar S. litura larvae ranged from 23.34-64.99%, depending up on the conidial concentrations. Endophytic fungi from chilli were pathogenic in insect and can be developed as bioinsecticides identified as Aspergillus flavus.
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M. Glodjinon, Nicéphore, Pacôme A. Noumavo, Kifouli Adéot, Farid Baba-Moussa, Aly Savadogo, Lamine Baba-Moussa, Fatiou Toukourou, et al. "The technical production, storage and conservation routes of chilli peppers (Capsicum spp.) produced in Benin and constraints impeding the development of the sector." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 42.3 (December 31, 2019): 7279–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v42-3.1.
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Chilli pepper (Capsicum spp.) is an annual vegetable fruit used as a spice in almost all food and especially in all local dishes in Benin. However, it is neglected in many countries and relegated to the background which does not favor the agricultural development. As a result, its cultivation and conservation are still traditional and face many cultural and post-harvest constraints. The objective of this work is to make an investigation on the current state of the chilli pepper sector in Benin from the planting, growth, harvest until the transformation through storage and preservation. Overall, the review presents all the technical shortcomings hindering the opening of the sector on its socio-economic environment and to make recommendations for the improvement of the quality of chilli pepper sold and consumed in Benin. Thus, the results of this review indicate that there are several local varieties of chilli pepper grown in Benin belonging to three species of the Solanaceae family: Capsicum chinense (annual variety), Capsicum annuum L. (annual variety) and Capsicum frutescens (perennial variety). Its production is generally in rainfed or irrigated crops, in truck farming or on mainland. The best farming technique is the one that begins with the nursery and its success depends on the quality of the plants resulting from this stage. The best methods of storage and preservation vouching a good sanitary quality of chilli pepper are still to be promoted. The main problem encountered by the tillage of chilli peppers in Benin is its contamination by mold during its production and storage. It is therefore important to follow the technical production, storage and preservation routes, to assess the susceptibility of chilli pepper to mold at each stage and to measure the mycotoxins throughout the production chain so as to vouch the safety of chilli pepper consumers and to develop the chilli pepper sector in Benin.
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Mariyono, Joko. "Impacts Seed Technology Improvement on Economic Aspects of Chilli Production in Central Java - Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 17, no. 1 (June 28, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v17i1.1453.
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Vegetable production, including that of chillies, plays an important role in agricultural sector and rural economic development worldwide. This is because of greater farm productivity with regard to vegetables than cereal and staple crops. This paper analyses the impact of seed technology development on the economic aspects of chilli production in Central Java. Particular attention is paid to improved varieties of chilli. Potential consequences of seed technology development are discussed. Data of this study are compiled from surveys conducted in three selected chilli producing regions in 2010-2012. The results show that the major varieties of chilli grown by surveyed farmers are grouped into three broad types: hybrids, local and improved open pollinated varieties. The chilli varieties farmers selected varied according to location and cropping season. In the dry season, farmers grew similar proportions of hybrid, local, and open pollinated types. Nevertheless, there were differences among the survey sites. Farmers grew different varieties to exploit seasonal microclimates and market preferences. Mostly, farmers selected varieties for economic motives. The consequence of growing hybrids was less use of agrochemicals, particularly pesticides, than for other varieties. Overall, they show the best economic performance in the study site. Development of seed technology should consider agro-ecological and economic aspects to obtain better outcomes. Private sector and national research institutions need to collaborate more to utilise available genetic resources to produce better varieties of chilli.
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Tuyen, Nguyen Van. "WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF RICE-BASED UPLAND CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN FLOOD-AFFECTED CHAU PHU DISTRICT, AN GIANG PROVINCE, VIET NAM." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 2A (March 19, 2018): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/2a/11917.
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Retaining abundant flood water and later using it as crop irrigation water is an issue for the flood-prone area in the Mekong Delta of Viet Nam. The present study aimed to determine an appropriate rice-based upland crop production practice with high water use efficiency and hence the feasibility of retaining flood water for agricultural use in the flood area in the Mekong Delta. On-farm studies were carried out in Chau Phu district of An Giang province from January 2012 to July 2015. Chilli, maize, rice were used as the proxy crops. Crop irrigation water quantity was monitored, and crop yields and economic inputs and outputs were recorded. Results showed that maize or chilli grown on the paddy field were more water-efficient than rice cropping grown alone. Double maize and chilli cropping and rotational rice and maize or chilli cropping required an irrigation water volume of 3,341 m3/ha and 3,686 m3/ha, respectively, compared to 4,289 m3/ha for the commonly-applied double rice cropping. For financial water use efficiency, each cubic meter of water used for crop irrigation yielded a net value of output of 10,950 $VN with double maize and chilli cropping , 6,370 $VN with rotational rice and maize or chilli and 2,790 $VN with double rice cropping practice. These results need to be validated with more farmers’ fields to evaluate the feasibility of the promising crop production systems in larger scale.
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Atshan, L. A., P. Brown, C. Xu, and S. White. "Early detection of disease infection in chilli crops using sensors." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1279 (June 2020): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2020.1279.38.
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Mishra, Megha, Rakesh Kumar Verma, Vineeta Pandey, Aarshi Srivastava, Pradeep Sharma, Rajarshi Kumar Gaur, and Akhtar Ali. "Role of Diversity and Recombination in the Emergence of Chilli Leaf Curl Virus." Pathogens 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2022): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11050529.
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Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV), (Genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) and associated satellites pose a serious threat to chilli production, worldwide. This study highlights the factors accountable for genetic diversity, recombination, and evolution of ChiLCV, and associated chilli leaf curl alphasatellite (ChiLCA) and chilli leaf curl betasatellite (ChiLCB). Phylogenetic analysis of complete genome (DNA-A) sequences of 132 ChiLCV isolates from five countries downloaded from NCBI database clustered into three major clades and showed high population diversity. The dN/dS ratio and Tajima D value of all viral DNA-A and associated betasatellite showed selective control on evolutionary relationships. Negative values of neutrality tests indicated purified selection and an excess of low-frequency polymorphism. Nucleotide diversity (π) for C4 and Rep genes was higher than other genes of ChiLCV with an average value of π = 18.37 × 10−2 and π = 17.52 × 10−2 respectively. A high number of mutations were detected in TrAP and Rep genes, while ChiLCB has a greater number of mutations than ChiLCA. In addition, significant recombination breakpoints were detected in all regions of ChiLCV genome, ChiLCB and, ChiLCA. Our findings indicate that ChiLCV has the potential for rapid evolution and adaptation to a range of geographic conditions and could be adopted to infect a wide range of crops, including diverse chilli cultivars.
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Rai, Ganja Singh, and David Ian Guest. "POTENTIAL USE OF ANIMAL MANURES IN MANAGING PHYTOPHTHORA WILT OF CHILLI CAUSED BY PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI." Sustainability in Food and Agriculture 3, no. 1 (2022): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/sfna.01.2022.33.39.
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Phytophthora wilt of chilli, caused by Phytophthora capsici, is a major concern for many growers because an effective management method has not been identified yet. In agriculture, animal manures have primarily been focussed on the supply of nutrients to the crops but their use for suppression of soil borne diseases is not well investigated and understood. In this study, we examined the efficacy of five different animal manures (poultry, cattle, goat, pig and sheep) at four levels (1, 5, 10 and 20% volume/volume) added to potting mix for management of Phytophthora wilt of chilli. The preliminary study revealed that the quantity of 5 g per pot (500 mL) of P. capsici-colonised millet-seed inoculum was effective for the development of Phytophthora wilt in chilli seedlings grown in coir-based potting media. The main greenhouse experiments were conducted in randomised complete design with five replications. The results showed that all types of manures were effective in increasing the survival rate of chilli by reducing the incidence of Phytophthora wilt. In the first planting all manures caused at least two-fold increase in plant survival compared to the inoculated control. The chilli plant survival was much higher in the second planting when seedlings were planted after six week of incorporation of manures and seven weeks after inoculation of potting mix. Among manures, the highest plant survival percentage at the final assessment was found in pots amended with 20% v/v poultry manure in both the first (66%) and the second (86%) plantings. For sustainable and effective management of Phytophthora wilt of chilli, this study recommends application of poultry manure to growing media two months before planting of chilli seedlings.
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Shuja, Malik Nawaz. "Molecular Characterization of the Begomovirus Associated Satellites Infecting Spinacia Oleracea and Capsicum Annum Plants in Kohat, Pakistan." BioScientific Review 2, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/bsr/2020/24/1334.
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Begomovirus is a major and economically important genus of the Geminiviridae family. It comprises a wide range of viruses that infect a number of dicot plants including the horticulture crops, cereal crops, aromatic plants, vegetable crops, medicinal plants and weeds in various regions of the world. This study aims to investigate and correlate the various symptoms of begomovirus / satellites in different plants grown in the vicinity of Kohat, Pakistan. Furthermore, the characterization of the selected virus-associated satellites at the molecular level is also studied. Samples of suspected plants showing begomoviral infection were collected from the Kohat District. Genomic DNA was extracted from the infected plants and subjected to PCR using DNA-1/DNA-2 and Beta01/Beta02 for alpha satellites and beta satellites, respectively. The amplified PCR products were cloned and sequenced commercially. After sequencing, in silico sequence and phylogenetic analysis was also performed. Our study discovered that many plants in the Kohat District display begomovirus and satellite disease symptoms with mild to extreme disease severity. Disease incidence is especially high in okra. Beta satellites were isolated and sequenced from Spinacia oleracea and Capsicum annum plants and they showed more than 90% sequence similarity with chilli leaf curl and tomato leaf curl beta satellites. The existence of betasatellites in spinach and chilli plants was discovered for the first time in the Kohat region. Moreover, the distribution of these highly pathogenic variants of chilli leaf curl and tomato leaf curl betasatellites in the district Kohat has been reported previously.
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Shah, Ali, Ayesha Ayub, Malik Nawaz Shuja, Taj Ali, and Fazal Akbar. "Molecular Characterization of the Begomovirus Associated Satellites Infecting Spinacia Oleracea and Capsicum Annum Plants in Kohat, Pakistan." BioScientific Review 2, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/bsr.0204.05.
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Begomovirus is a major and economically important genus of the Geminiviridae family. It comprises a wide range of viruses that infect a number of dicot plants including the horticulture crops, cereal crops, aromatic plants, vegetable crops, medicinal plants and weeds in various regions of the world. This study aims to investigate and correlate the various symptoms of begomovirus / satellites in different plants grown in the vicinity of Kohat, Pakistan. Furthermore, the characterization of the selected virus-associated satellites at the molecular level is also studied. Samples of suspected plants showing begomoviral infection were collected from the Kohat District. Genomic DNA was extracted from the infected plants and subjected to PCR using DNA-1/DNA-2 and Beta01/Beta02 for alpha satellites and beta satellites, respectively. The amplified PCR products were cloned and sequenced commercially. After sequencing, in silico sequence and phylogenetic analysis was also performed. Our study discovered that many plants in the Kohat District display begomovirus and satellite disease symptoms with mild to extreme disease severity. Disease incidence is especially high in okra. Beta satellites were isolated and sequenced from Spinacia oleracea and Capsicum annum plants and they showed more than 90% sequence similarity with chilli leaf curl and tomato leaf curl beta satellites. The existence of betasatellites in spinach and chilli plants was discovered for the first time in the Kohat region. Moreover, the distribution of these highly pathogenic variants of chilli leaf curl and tomato leaf curl betasatellites in the district Kohat has been reported previously.
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Gruber, Gisele Karina, Bianca de Oliveira Lima, Luana Marcele Chiarello, Marcel Jefferson Gonçalves, and Vanderleia Botton. "Functional and nutritional properties of chilli sauce." Brazilian Journal of Development 8, no. 9 (September 26, 2022): 64065–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n9-244.
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Pepper is a functional food due to is capsaicin or piperine, minerals, vitamins, phenolic acids and flavonoids. Peppers are classified according to their characteristics, such as stinging, color, size and flavor. The consumption of peppers is related pungency sensation and to the benefits to human health, as they are a source of vitamins and have nutritional and antioxidant properties that can have a significant impact on diseases. Pepper crops present problems, as pests and irrigation, which are frequently reported. The objective of this work was to report the panorama of the chili pepper sauce production process, finding regarding beneficial on properties of pepper and discuss its several forms of sold, pepper cultivation and beneficial effects and disadvantage of pepper consume.
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Hamdani, Kiki Kusyaeri, Anas Dinurrohman Susila, Purwono Purwono, and Ketty Suketi. "Potassium Sources and Rates for Drip Irrigated Polyethylene Mulched Chilli Pepper." Journal of Tropical Crop Science 6, no. 02 (July 17, 2019): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.6.02.89-97.
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Fertigation with drip irrigation is one of the technologies to solve fertilization and irrigation problems in chilli pepper production using polyethylene mulch. Potassium (K) is one of the important macro nutrients that affect plant growth and development due to its roles in the biochemical and the biophysical processes in plants. The objective of this study was to determine the best sources and the optimum rates of potassium for drip irrigated polyethylene mulched chilli pepper field production. The study was conducted in January until July 2018 at Tajur Experimental Farm, Center for Tropical Horticulture Study, Bogor Agricultural University. The experimental design was a split plot with the K sources (KCl, ZK, NPK) as main plots and K rates that consisted of five levels (0, 68, 136, 204, 272 kg K2O. ha-1) as sub-plots. The results showed that the best optimum rate of K to produce fruit is 101.11 kg K2O.ha-1 with a maximum yield of 2.26 t.ha-1. Chilli crops fertilized with NPK and KCl had the greatest fruit weight per plant, fruit weight per plot, and fruit weight per hectare.
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Akram, Shahbaz, C. M. Ayyub, Muhammad Shahzad, and Ali Shahzad. "Role of Proline in Mitigating the Deleterious Effects of Heat Stress in Chillies." Contemporary Agriculture 70, no. 1-2 (May 26, 2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2021-0006.
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Summary Chilli is a spicy crop which belongs to family Solanaceae. As a vegetable crop, it is considered as one of the major cultivated crops in the world seriously affected by the climatic changes, including elevation in temperature. Therefore, in this research various morpho-physiological characteristics of chilli were studied for heat tolerance under the influence of exogenous application of proline. This research was carried out in a growth room of the Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Four chilli genotypes were evaluated under the applied conditions. Seeds were grown in plastic pots. Heat stress (40/32 ºC day and night temperature) was applied 30 days after the emergence. Foliar spray of proline (0, 5 and 10 mM) was applied during heat stress, and after 7 days of stress the plants were harvested. The results revealed that the inhibition of chilli growth by heat stress was successfully mediated by proline application. Morphological attributes such as the number of leaves per plant, root and shoot length, plant fresh and dry weight were reduced in response to heat stress, and physiological attributes such as photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency and chlorophyll contents were also reduced in response to heat stress, except transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, which increased under heat stress and showed recovery by proline application. Exogenous application of proline promoted tolerance against heat stress in chilli genotypes and enhanced growth. All the observed traits exhibited recovery in response to proline stimulus, indicating the role of proline in mitigating the consequences of heat stress. Recovery also depends on genetic capability of various cultivars.
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Hidayat, Purnama, Noor Aidawati, Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat, and Dewi Sartiami. "TANAMAN INDIKATOR DAN TEKNIK RAPD-PCR UNTUK PENENTUAN BIOTIPE BEMISIA TABACI GENNADIUS (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE)." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 8, no. 1 (November 4, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.181-7.
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Indicator Plant and PCR-RAPD for Biotype Determination of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).B. tabaci has been known world wide as a major pest and virus vector of horticulture. In Indonesia the presence of B.tabaci was reported since 1980 and its role as virus vector in tomato and chilli pepper has becoming more importantrecently. Genetic diversity of B. tabaci has been well recognized, but very little information available for diversity of B.tabaci in Indonesia. This research was conducted in Bogor, West Java from May 2004 to June 2005. The aim of thisresearch was to initiate basic information regarding genetic diversity of B. tabaci in Indonesia, particularly in Java Island.Whiteflies population collected from different crops, i.e. tomato, broccoli, chill pepper, eggplant, cucumber, soybean, andedamame, was evaluated using silverleaf-induction test, and RAPD-PCR. It was evidenced that only B. tabaci populationfrom broccoli was able to induce silverleaf. Two genetic types of B. tabaci, i.e. biotype B and non B, were identified basedon polymorphism character of DNA. Population from broccoli was belong to biotype B, whereas other populations fromtomato, chill pepper, eggplant, cucumber, soybean, and edamame were belong to biotype non B.
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Kumar, Vivek, Garima Kakkar, Cristi L. Palmer, Cindy L. McKenzie, and Lance S. Osborne. "Thrips Management Program for Horticultural Crops." EDIS 2016, no. 9 (November 9, 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1145-2016.
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Among the 5,500 (or more) well-described species of thrips worldwide, nearly 1% are known as economically important pests. Because these tiny pests can feed on multiple plants, their damage potential to nursery and greenhouse production is immense: thrips inflict millions of dollars loss every year. Thrips hide easily in tiny spaces, reproduce rapidly, and can survive in a lot of climates. And they are invisibly small! Thrips infestations present a huge problem in the regional and international trade of plant materials and products, due to the quarantine risks and damage associated with several species in the order. This 7-page fact sheet presents a program to manage important thrips pests, including western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), chilli thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis), weeping fig thrips (Gynaikothrips uzeli), gladiolus thrips (Thrips simplex), and privet thrips (Dendrothrips ornatus) known to damage several horticultural crops of economic importance in the United States. The publication will help growers take appropriate measures to minimize economic damage. Written by Vivek Kumar, Garima Kakkar, Cristi Palmer, Cindy L. McKenzie, and Lance S. Osborne, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, September 2016. ENY-987/IN1145: Thrips Management Program for Horticultural Crops (ufl.edu)
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., Munarti, Annisa Wulan, and Agus Utami. "EXPLORATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI FROM THE RHIZOSPHERE OF CHILI PLANTS (Capsicum Annuum L) IN BOGOR." Journal of Science Innovare 1, no. 02 (March 13, 2019): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/jsi.v1i02.1001.
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Mycorrhiza is ana structural and functional association between specific fungus and the roots of symbiotic relationship between mutualisme functions with a high degree of plant roots. Benefits of mycorrhiza for plant growth and development as its host is to increase the absorption of nutrient elements of soils, as biological barrier against infection of root pathogen, enhancing the resilience of crops to drought and increasing hormone boosters grows. This research aims to identify a arbuskular mycorrhiza fungi isolated from chilli plants rhizosphere in the village of Cilubang Mekar, Gunung Picung, Cikoneng, dan Kampung Baru. The results of this research show that the exploration and characterization of spores that develop on the roots of chilli in the village indicates a growing spores there is the genus Acaulopora, Gigaspora, andGlomus.type of Spore that successfully identified a species of Glomus sp 1, Glomus sp 2, Glomus sp 3.
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Acharya, Bipana Devi. "ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT NON-HOST CROPS AS TRAP CROP FOR REDUCING OROBANCHE AEGYPTIACA PERS. SEED BANK." Ecoprint: An International Journal of Ecology 19 (February 13, 2014): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v19i0.9851.
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Experiments were performed in pot and field conditions to evaluate effects of non-host crops on Orobanche seed bank. The two sites chosen for the study were located in highly Orobanche infested areas of Nawalparasi district, an inner Terai region of central Nepal. Pot and field experiments were conducted in the soil naturally infested with Orobanche seeds. Altogether, 21 different non-host crop species were tested in the study. Orobanche seed density in soil samples collected from pot/plot before planting and after harvest of each crop species was recorded. Data of pre-plant and postharvest were compared in order to assess the effects of the test crops on Orobanche seed density. On the basis of degree of effects on the Orobanche seed bank, the investigated crop species could be classified in to three categories: (a) non-potential trap crop: garlic, chilli, coriander, carrot, buckwheat, sunflower, french bean, pea, egg plant, potato, fenugreek, wheat and faba bean; (b) moderately potential trap crop: barley, onion, chickpea and maize; and (c) highly potential trap crops: radish, lentil, linseed, fennel and cumin.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v19i0.9851EcoprintAn International Journal of EcologyVol. 19, 2012Page: 31-38Uploaded date: 2/14/2014
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Rahman, S., MA Hossain, and R. Afroz. "Morphological characterization of chilli germplasm in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 42, no. 2 (June 7, 2017): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v42i2.32809.
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An experiment was conducted using 60 chilli germplasm in the experimental field of Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur during winter 2013-14 to characterize the germplasm based on morphological traits. Data were recorded as per the descriptor developed by Biovarsity International (BI) and Minimal Descriptor of Agri-Horticultural Crops. The germplasm were collected from different parts of Bangladesh and evaluated for 22 qualitative and 5 quantitative characters. Distinct variation among the germplasm was observed in all the qualitative parameters except cotyledonous leaf shape and fruit persistence. The maximum variation was observed in fruit colour both at mature and immature stage. Fruit colour was observed in four categories, namely green, black, green with blackish blush and dark green. The germplasm AMS-42, AMS-45, RI-35 and AH-5 showed black coloured fruit indicating their high carotenoid content. Leaf pigmentation was found in AMS-39, AMS-44, AMS-45, AH-1and RI-2 germplasm. Purple coloured corolla observed in AMS-42, AMS-45, AH-1 and AH-2 showing their high pollen fertility. The highest quantitative variation was observed in yield per plant suggesting that the evaluated germplasm could be used in developing high yielding variety. Considering the yield and yield contributing parameters the germplasm AI-1, AI-2 and RI-2 were found better among the 60 germplasm.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(2): 207-219, June 2017
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Deli, Syekh Zulfadli Arofah, Anas Dinurrohman Susila, Purwono Purwono, and Ketty Suketi. "Nitrogen Sources and Rate for Drip Irrigated Polyethylene Mulched Chilli Pepper." Journal of Tropical Crop Science 6, no. 02 (July 17, 2019): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.6.02.112-120.
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Chilli pepper is the one of most important vegetable crops in Indonesia, and nitrogen is an essential macronutrient to support plant growth. This study was conducted to determine the best source of nitrogen (N) and its optimum rate for drip irrigated polyethylene mulched chilli pepper at. The study site is located at Tajur II Experimental Field of Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies Bogor Agricultural University, West Java, Indonesia, 250 m above the sea level (-6.6364580S, 106.8231460E) from January to August 2018. The experiments were organized in a factorial split-plot with sources of N fertilizer as the main plots (Urea, NPK, and ZA) and rates of N as a sub-plots (0, 115, 230, 345, and 460 kg.ha-1). The results showed that NPK fertilizer had the best source of N compared to other sources. The maximum yield of 9.01 kg per plot, or equivalent to 10.46 t.ha-1, was obtained with N fertilization at 265 to 295 kg.ha-1.
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Ansari, Salauddin, Tejal Manvar, Dhirendra Kumar, Rajnish Gupta, and P. Sivaperumal. "A Rapid, Efficient, Reliable Method for Simultaneous Determination of Pesticide Residues in Green Chilli by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry." Asian Journal of Chemistry 34, no. 9 (2022): 2379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23820.
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This study describes a rapid, efficient and reliable method for the simultaneous determination of 42 pesticide residues in green chilli using gas chromatography single quadrupole mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring (GC-SQ/MS-SIM) mode. QuEChERS (quick-easy-cheap-effectiverugged- safe) acetonitrile-based extraction technique was used prior to GC-MS analysis, followed by cleanup with primary-secondary amine (PSA). Linearity (r2 > 0.99) within 50-1000 μg/kg with negligible matrix interferences was achieved by method optimization. The percentage recovery evaluated at 50, 100 and 250 μg/kg level of spiked concentration was observed to range between 75-127% with RSD (< 9.1%) for the majority of analytes. The expanded uncertainty was measured below 48% for all target residues. The limit of detection and limit of quantification ranged between 1-63 μg/kg and 4-150 μg/kg, respectively. The developed method was observed to be specific, accurate, reproducible and user friendly for determining different pesticides in green chilli crops.
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Djami-Tchatchou, Arnaud Thierry, Lerato Bame Tsalaemang Matsaunyane, Chimdi Mang Kalu, and Khayalethu Ntushelo. "Gene expression and evidence of coregulation of the production of some metabolites of chilli pepper inoculated with Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum." Functional Plant Biology 46, no. 12 (2019): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp18244.
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Chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is susceptible to Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc), the causal agent of soft rot disease in crops. Understanding the molecular principles of systemic acquired resistance, which is poorly understood in chilli pepper, represents an important step towards understanding inducible defence responses and can assist in designing appropriate intervention strategies for crop disease management. Accordingly, we investigated (via real-time PCR and metabolomics profiling) the molecular response of chilli pepper to Pcc by characterisation of the crucial metabolic regulators involved in the establishment of defence response. We profiled 13 key inducible defence response genes, which included MYB transcriptor factor, ethylene response element-binding protein, suppressor of the G2 allele of Skp1, cytochrome P450, small Sar1 (GTPase), hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase, pathogenesis-related protein 1a, endo-1,3-β-glucanase, chitinase, proteinase inhibitor, defensin, coiled-coil-nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (CC–NBS–LRR) resistance and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. In addition, we determined metabolomic shifts induced by Pcc in pepper. The PCR results revealed a significant induction of the selected plant defence-related genes in response to Pcc inoculation; the metabolomic profiling showed that of 99 primary metabolites profiled the quantities of acetylcarnitine, adenosine, adenosine 3′,5′ cyclic monophosphate, guanosine 3′,5′ cyclic monophosphate and inosine decreased in pepper leaves inoculated with Pcc.
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Zheng, Kuanyu, Tsung-Chi Chen, Kuo Wu, Ya-Chi Kang, Shyi-Dong Yeh, Zhongkai Zhang, and Jiahong Dong. "Characterization of a New Orthotospovirus from Chilli Pepper in Yunnan Province, China." Plant Disease 104, no. 4 (April 2020): 1175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-19-1925-re.
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Chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important crops in Yunnan Province, China. An orthotospovirus isolate 14YV855 was isolated from a diseased chilli pepper plant exhibiting yellow ringspots and necrosis on leaves in Shiping County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province in 2014. The complete genome sequence of 14YV855 was determined. The small, medium, and large RNAs are 3,428, 4,781, and 8,917 nucleotides long, respectively. The complete nucleocapsid (N) protein of 14YV855 shares a high amino acid identity of 84.8 to 89.9% to that of Capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV), Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV), Watermelon bud necrosis virus (WBNV), and Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV), which is slightly less than the 90% identity threshold for the demarcation of new Orthotospovirus sp. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the N protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of 14YV855 are the most related to WSMoV, while the NSs, NSm, and Gn/Gc proteins are similar to those of GBNV. As expected, 14YV855 is serologically related to CaCV, GBNV, WBNV, and WSMoV when the monoclonal antibody against the N protein of WSMoV was used; however, 14YV855 can be distinguished from other orthotospoviruses by reverse-transcription PCR using the specific primers. Our results indicate that 14YV855 is a new Orthotospovirus sp. belonging to the WSMoV serogroup and is provisionally named Chilli yellow ringspot virus.
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Vindyashree, M., M. R. Govindappa, V. N. Ghante, D. S. Aswathanarayana, and I. Shankergoud. "Biological and molecular evidences on host range of leaf curl begomovirus disease of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.620.
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The present study was conducted to identify the alternate hosts of new leaf curl virus disease of sunflower. In the present study several crops and weed hosts were cross inoculated with leaf curl virus of sunflower under laboratory through insect vector whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), further all inoculated samples were retested (3-4 weeks after inoculation) by molecular based Polymerse chain reaction diagnosis for the presence of virus. The results revealed that the causal virus of the disease was successfully transmitted from sunflower to sunflower (Helianthus annuus), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L) and weed hosts such as Acanthospermum hispidum, Amaranthus viridis and Parthenium hysterophorus in a short incubation period (2-3 weeks after inoculation), while on other hosts Chilli (Capsicum annuum L) and Datura stramonium, infection occurs in delayed incubation period. Further molecular analysis thorough polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic technique using virus specific primers also confirmed the presence of coat protein (CP) of leaf curl begomovirus invirus inoculated hosts viz., chilli, sunflower, tomato, and tobacco and weed hosts such as Acanthospermum hispidum, Amaranthus viridis, Datura stramonium and Parthenium hysterophorus. Thus, findings substantiate that the above hosts are major sources of the virus inoculum and served as potential alternate hosts of the disease during the off season.
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Nono-Womdim, R., I. S. Swai, M. L. Chadha, K. Gebre-Selassie, and G. Marchoux. "Occurrence of Chilli veinal mottle virus in Solanum aethiopicum in Tanzania." Plant Disease 85, no. 7 (July 2001): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.7.801a.
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African eggplant, or garden egg (Solanum aethiopicum) is an important vegetable in most sub-Saharan African countries. Since June 1997, viral symptoms, including mosaic, vein clearing, and stunting, have been observed on several crops of African eggplant cv. Tengeru White at a number of sites in the Arusha region of northern Tanzania. Field inspections revealed disease incidence ranging from 50 to 90%. During the same period, high populations of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae were observed in affected crops of African eggplant. These aphids were also found to reproduce in African eggplants. Flexuous, rodshaped virus-like particles, approximately 750 nm long and 12 nm wide, were found in electron microscope leaf dips from field samples of naturally affected African eggplants. The particle size suggested a species of Potyviridae. Thus, 20 field-infected samples of S. aethiopicum (randomly collected from four farms) were assayed in double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for the presence of Potato virus Y (PVY) and Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV), known to infect tomato and other solanaceous crops in the region (2). However, all samples gave negative results. Further DAS-ELISA were performed with the same extracts from naturally infected plants of S. aethiopicum with antisera directed against Tobacco etch virus, Tobacco vein mottling virus, Pepper mottle virus, and Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV). All 20 samples were positive only for ChiVMV. ChiVMV, a single-stranded RNA virus transmitted in a nonpersistent manner by several aphid species, is one of the most important viruses of pepper in Asia (1). To confirm DAS-ELISA results, an isolate of ChiVMV from African eggplant was transmitted by mechanical inoculations, resulting in disease on tobacco (Nicotiana tobacco cv. Xanthi nc), pepper (Capsicum annuum cv. Yolo Wonder), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Tengeru 97), and African eggplant (S. aethiopicum cv. Tengeru White). Extracts from the inoculated plants tested positive for the presence of ChiVMV in DAS-ELISA. This mechanically transmitted isolate did not infect melon (Cucumis melo), cucumber (C. sativus), or cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), which are nonhosts of ChiVMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of ChiVMV in African eggplant. References: (1) S. K. Green et al. PETRIA 9:332, 1999. (2) R. Nono-Womdim et al. J. S. Afr. Soc. Hort. Sci. 6:41–44, 1996.
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Razo-Mendivil, Fernando G., Fernando Hernandez-Godínez, Corina Hayano-Kanashiro, and Octavio Martínez. "Transcriptomic analysis of a wild and a cultivated varieties of Capsicum annuum over fruit development and ripening." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 24, 2021): e0256319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256319.
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Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) is one of the most important crops worldwide. Its fruits contain metabolites produced over the maturation process like capsaicinoids and carotenoids. This metabolic process produces internal changes in flavor, color, texture, and aroma in fruits to make them more attractive for seed dispersal organisms. The chiltepin (C. annuum L. var. glabriusculum) is a wild variety of the C. annuum L. species that is considered a source of genetic resources that could be used to improve the current chili crops. In this study, we performed a transcriptomic analysis on two fruit maturation stages: immature stage (green fruit) and mature stage (red fruit) of a wild and a cultivated pepper variety. We found 19,811 genes expressed, and 1,008 genes differentially expressed (DEGs) in at least one of the five contrast used; 730 DEGs were found only in one contrast, and most DEGs in all contrasts were downregulated. GO enrichment analysis showed that the majority of DEGs are related to stress responses. KEGG enrichment analysis detected differences in expression patterns in metabolic pathways related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, secondary metabolites, plant hormone signal transduction, carotenoid biosynthesis and sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis. We selected 105 tomato fruit ripening-related genes, and found 53 pepper homologs differentially expressed related to shape, size, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. According to the transcriptome analysis, the two peppers showed very similar gene expression patterns; differences in expression patterns of genes related to shape, size, ethylene and secondary metabolites biosynthesis suggest that changes produced by domestication of chilli pepper could be very specific to the expression of genes related to traits desired in commercial fruits.
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Putri, Rochmalia Juniarti, Retno Kawuri, Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi, and Inna Narayani. "Potential of Streptomyces sp. in preventing the in vitro growth of Colletotrichum acutatum, the causative agent of infection in Capsicum annum L." Jurnal Biologi Udayana 25, no. 2 (December 22, 2021): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jbiounud.2021.v25.i02.p12.
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Red chilli plant (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the most popular vegetable crops in Indonesian society. One of them the pathogens attacks is Colletotrichum acutatum, a fungus causing anthracnose on red chilli. This study aims to determine the existence of Streptomyces sp. bacteria in the rhizosphere of the red chilli plant; the ability of Streptomyces sp. in inhibiting C. acutatum; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Streptomyces isolates extracts in inhibiting C. acutatum; The Streptomyces isolation was carried out by dilution method using selective meida, namely Yeast Malt Agar. The Dual Culture method was used as an inhibition test between Streptomyces sp. and C. acutatum in vitro. A well diffusion method was used to test the effectiveness of the Streptomyces sp. and MIC filtrate concentration in inhibiting C. acutatum. The data obtained in this study were analyzed with Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) then continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test with 5% significance. Five Streptomyces isolates were found, namely Streptomyces sp.1, Streptomyces sp.2, Streptomyces sp.3, Streptomyces sp.4, and Streptomyces sp.5 in the rhizosphere of healthy C. annum L. plants in Daup Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. Streptomyces sp. isolates. can significantly inhibit the growth of the fungus C. acuatum with inhibitory power ranging from 50.30% to 83.76%, Streptomyces sp.5 isolate was able to provide the highest percentage of inhibition in C. acutatum of 83.76 ± 2.91% with MIC 7% (v/v) with a diameter of 6.40 mm.
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Nirosha, A., S. Rajeshkanna, and G. Mikunthan. "Effect of oil cakes and garlic aqueousbased formulations of trichoderma viride on management of meloidogyne incognita in chilli." Open Agriculture 3, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0022.
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Abstract Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) is a major threat to chilli (Capsicum annum) cultivation, by forming root galls and subsequent wilting. These nematodes live in soil, roots debris and reported surviving in other Solanaceae crops. Chemical application of nematicides cause impact on environment, therefore biocontrol using antagonistic fungi is desired to tackle this problem. This research is aimed to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma viride and its formulations on management of M. incognita. Oil cakes such as neem (Azadiracta indica), gingelly (Sesamum indicum), Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) and garlic (Allium sativum) extracts were used to evaluate the growth and sporulation of T. viride. Chilli variety MI-2 was used. Among the four preparations, neem oil cake recorded high spore yield of 1.75 ×107 spores/ml. Similarly gingelly oil cake and garlic produced the spore yields of 1.57 ×107 spores/ml and 1.368 ×107 spores/ml, respectively. Comparatively Mahua oil cake obtained low spore yield of 7.87×106 spores/ml. Plant growth was significant (P<0.05) in the application of neem oil cake formulation (30.42 cm). Extent of galling was significantly low with garlic (9.00) and neem (9.25). These results confirmed that the formulations of neem, gingelly oil cake extracts and garlic aqueous extract stimulated the chilli plant growth, productivity and reduced the nematode infestation. Above all, neem oil cake and garlic are the best formulations that can be used to manage M. incognita
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Ranathunge, Nalika Priyanwada, and Hewa Bajjamage Pavithra Sandani. "Deceptive behaviour of Colletotrichum truncatum: strategic survival as an asymptomatic endophyte on non-host species." Journal of Plant Protection Research 56, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2016-0026.
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Abstract Colletotrichum truncatum (syn. C. capsici), like many other members of the genus Colletotrichum, displays a highly developed infection mechanism against a number of agriculturally important crops. Among many survival strategies, C. truncatum is well known for its wide host range and high pathogenicity on several major crop species. Meticulous understanding of a pathogen’s infection mechanisms is the best way to achieve successful management of a disease. This study was carried out to evaluate the pathogenicity of C. truncatum on selected crop plants and weed species and to detect the possibility of non-host species to facilitate survival of the pathogen. Inoculation of an isolate of C. truncatum to four crops: curry chilli - Capsicum annuum (var. CA8), eggplant - Solanum melongena (var. Lena Iri), tomato - Solanum lycopersicum (var. Thilina) and green chilli - C. annuum (var. KA2) and three weed species: little ironweed (Vernonia cinerea), billygoat-weed (Ageratum conyzoides) and Bengal dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) resulted in approximately 3.5 disease severity (DS) (100% disease incidence-DI) on S. lycopersicum and C. annuum (var. KA2), followed by 2.8 and 1.8 DS (100%, 75% DI) on C. annuum (var. CA8) and S. melongena (var. Lena Iri), respectively. The three weed species were completely symptomless up to 8 weeks after the inoculation (WAI). However, microscopic studies and serial culturing of the inoculated tissues revealed the presence of the fungus in all the tested plants. Appressoria were present in all treated leaves and eventually broke their dormancy upon leaf senescence nearly 6 WAI. This study reveals the potential of C. truncatum infecting all tested crops and the capability of the three weed species in harboring the pathogen asymptomatically for several weeks. Thus, early management of inoculum in the field is suggested for C. truncatum diseases.
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BORA, POPY, and L. C. BORA. "Disease management in horticulture crops through microbial interventions: An overview." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 8 (October 14, 2020): 1389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i8.105900.
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Horticultural crops-based nutritional security is now a buzz word to Indian agriculture. Significant level of progress has been made towards the management of some pandemic pathogens affecting the production economics of horticultural crops. Some of these pathogens are : Fusarium oxysporum, Ralstonia solanacearum, Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp, Xanthomonas spp., Colletotrichum spp., Pencillium spp , Alternaria spp etc. Many soil-borne diseases as well as post harvest fungi are effectively addressed through a variety of bioagents belonging to predominant microbial genera represented by Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp., Gliocadium spp. and fluorescent Pseudomonads. Our thumping success with different microbial bioformulations showed an effective control of both pests and diseases in major crops of northeast India comprising tea, banana, turmeric, ginger, in addition to bacterial wilt of Bhoot jolokia, tomato, hydroponic lettuce and Rhizoctonia- induced root rot management of chilli and patchouli. These area wide and crop wide results put forth a renewed claim in favour of developing a vibrant organic horticulture in years to come. All these issues are analysed highlighting the future use of rhizospheric and endophytic plant beneficial microbes as dominant communities.
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Reddy, G. Chandramohan, and S. S. Hebbar. "Response of red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) to fertigation and mulching." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 2, no. 02 (November 10, 2017): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2017.2.2.11.
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Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) during 2015-16 at the Division of vegetable crops, Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore to determine the effect of different fertigation sources and mulching on growth parameters, yield and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE). Fertigation was done both water soluble fertilizers and normal fertilizers with different doses. The results revealed that significantly higher growth and yield parameters viz., plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, leaf area and leaf area index, number of fruits per plant, length of the fruit (cm), girth of the fruit (cm), fruit weight (g) dry fruit yield per plant (g), dry fruit yield per hectare (t) were observed by the treatments viz., application of water soluble fertilizers 100 per cent (Recommended dose of fertilizers) RDF using urea, 19:19:19 and KNO3 through fertigation with mulching, followed by Normal fertilizers 100 per cent RDF using Urea, DAP, MOP through fertigation with mulching. From this investigation it is concluded that water soluble fertilizers as well as normal fertilizers fertigation with mulching ideal for maximum growth and yield of the chilli crop.
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Afandi, Auliana, Masanto, Arif Wibowo, Afandi, Supriyono Loekito, Siti Subandiyah, Ayaka Hieno, Kayako Otsubo, and Kageyama Koji. "Molecular identification of oomycetes related to horticultural crops in Southern Sumatera and Java, Indonesia." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 22, no. 2 (June 22, 2022): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jhptt.22290-99.
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Indonesia is an agricultural country with more than 30 million farmers nationwide most of it with poor disease management. An identification of a pathogen is the first step to establish efficient management strategies for disease control. In this study, we survey the diversity of oomycetes in horticulture. Samples were collected from 19 sites around Lampung, Sumatera and Java Islands. The oomycetes were isolated from rhizosphere soils sample and from symptomatic plants tissues. One hundred and twelve isolates belonging to two Phytophthora spp., three Pythium spp., and one Phytophythium sp. were identified. Phytophthora nicotianae was a predominant species from pineapple but also found in cabbage, chilli, and chrysanthemum. P. colocasiae were isolated from taro in central java, Phytopythium vexans were isolated from potato in Central Java, while Pythium acanthophoron, Py. myriotylum, Py. splendens, and Py. catenulatum were isolated from soil in pineapple farms.
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Jaiman, Rakesh Kumar, Sanjay Kumar Acharya, Naziya P. Pathan, Amol J. Deshmukh, Haresh A. Desai, Parsva K. Patel, and Anilkumar Umedbhai Amin. "In vitro effect of seed bio-priming techniques on seed germination and seedling vigour of few vegetable crops." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 12, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 702–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v12i4.2422.
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Bio-priming can also be viewed as a new technique of seed treatment using biological agents to stimulate germination of seed and growth of the plant and further protecting the seed from soil-and seed-borne pathogens. The present investigation was carried out in vitro conditions on seed germination and seedling vigour of few vegetable crops viz. tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), brinjal (Solanum melongena L.), onion (Allium cepa L.) and chilli (Capsicum annuum L.), during 2015 and 2016. The treatments comprised viz. T1: Non primed seeds (Control), T2: Seed treatment with Carbendazim 2.5g/kg seed, T3: Hydro-priming for 6 hrs, T4: Hydro-priming for 12 hrs, T5: Hydro-priming for 18 hrs, T6: Biopriming with Trichoderma viride for 6 hrs, T7: Biopriming with T.viride for 12 hrs, T8: Biopriming with T.viride for 18 hrs, T9: Biopriming with Trichoderma harzianum for 6 hrs, T10: Biopriming with T. harzianum for 12 hrs, T11: Biopriming with T. harzianum for 18 hrs, T12: Biopriming with Pseudomonas fluorescens for 6 hrs, T13: Biopriming with P. fluorescens for 12 hrs and T14: Biopriming with P. fluorescens for 18 hrs. The results revealed that maxiumum germination percentage (92.92, 90.77,83.00 and 86.33), seedling length (32.38 cm, 29.35 cm, 31.75 and 31.60 cm), seedling fresh weight (2.07 g, 4.01 g, 3.05 g and 2.04 g), seedling dry weight (0.42 g, 0.86 g, 0.62 g and 0.42 g) and seedling vigour index (3008.11, 2664.00, 2635.00 and 2728.00) were recorded in T10 (bio priming with T. harzianum for 12 hrs) in tomato (S. lycopersicum L.), brinjal (S. melongena L.), onion (A. cepa L.) and chilli (C. annuum L.), respectively. Thus, it indicated that priming of seeds of these crops with T. harzianum/P. fluorescens/ T. viride for 12 hrs was very effective with respect to their vegetative growth along with the quality yield.