Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chiller analysis'
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Lilly, Dana Elizabeth. "Analysis and performance of gas-electric hybrid chiller systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15996.
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Hu, Yang. "Advanced Exergy Analysis for a Solar Double Stage Absorption Chiller." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/126.
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Solar driven absorption chiller technology as an alternative mechanism for cooling has been the focus of tremendous recent interest due to its potential advantages for energy conservation and the environment benefits. However, the comparatively lower coefficient of performance (COP) of these systems compared to the COP of the electric chillers has prevented more widespread applications.
In this dissertation, a novel comparison between an electric and an absorption chiller will be presented (Chapter 3), including a method for calculating the true solar energy requirement for fossil fuel (coal) formation. The same comparison is then extended to the exergy domain. Compared to an electric chiller, in order to provide the same amount of cooling, a solar driven absorption chiller actually consumes a much smaller amount of both solar energy and exergy.
Beyond demonstrating this lower level of actual energy/exergy consumption, it is still important to increase the efficiency of the solar chiller system. Therefore, a detailed exergy destruction analysis (Chapter 4 and 5) is performed in this dissertation, both for the solar collector, which includes pumping exergy loss, and for a two-stage lithium bromide (LiBr)-water absorption chiller. These analyses allow for a better understanding of the exergy destruction due to a component’s own inefficiency and/or due to the remaining components’ inefficiencies. Given the limits of current technology, the results show that the COP of a two-stage LiBr-water absorption chiller can be improved from 1.1 to 1.38, a 25% efficiency increase, by recovering the avoidable exergy destruction.
Finally, based on the contributions described above and the conclusions that can be drawn from them, a range of potential future work is presented. Other comparative systems are discussed, and the challenges in properly assessing the performance of those systems are described.
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Richard, Scott J. "A Study on the Integration of a Novel Absorption Chiller into a Microscale Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power (Micro-CCHP) System." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1765.
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This study explores the application of micro-CCHP systems that utilize a 30 kW gas microturbine and an absorption chiller. Engineering Equation Solver (EES) is used to model a novel single-effect and double-effect water-lithium bromide absorption chiller that integrates the heat recovery unit and cooling tower of a conventional CCHP system into the chiller’s design, reducing the cost and footprint of the system. The results of the EES model are used to perform heat and material balances for the micro-CCHP systems employing the novel integrated chillers, and energy budgets for these systems are developed. While the thermal performance of existing CCHP systems range from 50-70%, the resulting thermal performance of the new systems in this study can double those previously documented. The size of the new system can be significantly reduced to less than one third the size of the existing system.
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Klawunder, Shawn Eric. "Modeling and analysis of chilled water systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16383.
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Liu, Hubert H. "Analytsis and performance optimization of commercial chiller/cooling tower systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15895.
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Harrell, Justin M. "Improving efficiency in the SIUC campus chilled water system using exergy analysis /." Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1559849671&sid=17&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2008."Department of Mechanical Engineering and Energy Processes." Includes bibliographical references (pages 122-124). Also available online.
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Cui, Yi. "Factor Structure And Affective Composition Of The Chills: Replication And Extension." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1616444531.
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“The chills” refers to a set of bodily sensations (goosebumps, tingling, coldness, and shivers) that sometimes accompany strong emotion (Maruskin, Thrash & Elliot, 2012). Past factor analyses of the chills identified a multi-factor, hierarchical structure, consisting of four lower-order factors (goosebumps, tingling, coldness, and shivers) and two higher-order factors (goosetingles and coldshivers). Research on the affective nomological nets of particular chills factors provided additional evidence of the discriminant validity of the two higher-order and the four-lower-order factors (Maruskin, Thrash & Elliot, 2012; Wadsworth, 2019). Despite evidence of discriminant validity, most researchers have continued to treat the chills as a unitary construct. The goal of the present study is to replicate and extend evidence that the chills consists of a set of distinguishable sensations with distinct affective correlates. Specifically, I aim to (a) replicate the factor structure of the chills and (b) further test whether the four lower-order sensations show distinct relations to core affect variables. Using the narrative recall method, the present study assessed chills sensations and core affect during recalled chills experience. Results of factor analyses replicated the factor structure of the chills established by Maruskin et al. (2012). Results of circumplex analyses provided additional evidence of the discriminant validity of higher-order and lower-order sensations. Goosetingles tended to accompany pleasant states, whereas coldshivers tended to accompany unpleasant states. Furthermore, relative to goosebumps, tingling accompanied states lower on activation and higher on pleasure. Relative to coldness, shivers accompanied states lower on displeasure and higher on activation. These findings are consistent with but refine the conclusions of Maruskin et al. (2012) and point to the value of incorporating the affect circumplex in understanding the chills.
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O'Neill, Kathleen. "Analysis of chilled water free cooling at the Perimeter Center Office Park (Atlanta, Georgia)." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/25666.
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Kloberdanz, Christine Marie. "Geochemical analysis of the Monturaqui Impact Crater, Chile." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/835.
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Wheatley, A. "Modelling and performance analysis of a sub-dew point chilled beam in mixed mode buildings." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7176.
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Prompted by the energy crisis in the 1970's, European level fiscal and financial measures encourage energy efficient building design. "Mixed mode" strategies can be employed in buildings with moderate thermal loads, this approach can reduce building energy usage, and by inference, reduce C02 emissions. A mixed mode approach might employ chilled surfaces with displacement ventilation. This thesis investigates the performance and integration of one form of chilled surface design, (a sub-dew point chilled beam), within mixed mode strategies. Sub-dew point chilled beams have a surface temperature that is at or below the zone saturation temperature, this increases the cooling capacity of the chilled beam and consequently produces a latent heat transfer addition due to condensation mass transfer. This thesis describes the sensible and latent modelling approach which models the zone, sub-dew point chilled beam and mixed mode strategy thermal plant response to external disturbances. The thesis describes the use of an Enclosure Comfort Performance Indicator that acts as the objective function for the optimization of the mixed mode strategies with and without the integration of the sub-dew point chilled beam. The implementation of the Complex method for finding the operational optimums of the mixed mode strategy is described, and its effectiveness at finding the optimum solution evaluated. Normalised energy, cost and comfort performance indicators are used to assess the overall performance and integration of the sub-dew point chilled beam for different mixed mode strategies, for the ambient test conditions and for different thermal weights of building construction.
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Paulišová, Sabina. "Vliv derivátů kapsaicinu na pálivost chilli papriček." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-432704.
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This diploma thesis is focused on the influence of the three most represented capsaicinoids – capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin and nordihydrocapsaicin – on the sensory properties of five varieties of chili peppers. Aji Lemon Drop, Serrano, Jamaican Yellow, Habanero Chocolate and Bhut Jolokia were selected for this thesis. Determination of capsaicinoids content was performed using HPLC-DAD. The content of capsaicin in dried fruits ranged from 359 to 320 gg-1, the content of dihydrocapsaicin in the range of 130–7 767 gg-1 and the content of nordihydrocapsaicin in the range of 7–456 gg-1. The pungency of the samples was 8 928–601 338 SHU. The sensory evaluation of selected varieties of chili peppers was attended by 20 evaluators representing ordinary consumers. The subject of the evaluation was mainly the intensity of burning and sharpness, its pleasantness and identification of the place of manifestation of thermal sensations. Furthermore, the onset of burning and sharpness from the insertion of peppers into the mouth, the duration of thermal sensations, the intensity of sweetness and juiciness, the presence of other flavors and the texture of the fruit. Statistically significant differences were observed between the evaluation results. The low intensity of burning and sharpness of the Jamaican Yellow variety was assessed as neutral to rather pleasant, while the high intensity of thermal sensations of the Habanero Chocolate and Bhut Jolokia varieties was perceived as unpleasant. The Aji Lemon Drop and Serrano varieties were judged very similar from a sensory point of view. By combining the results of capsaicinoids content measurement and sensory analysis, significant correlation relationships were found between the evaluated parameters. With a higher content of capsaicinoids in peppers, their pungency (expressed in SHU) increased, at the same time a higher intensity of thermal sensations and their longer duration were found during consumption. On the contrary, with a high intensity of burning and sharpness, the pleasantness of these perceptions decreased. The onset of these feelings did not affect the observed properties. The higher the intensity of juiciness, the higher the sweetness of the fruit; however, these properties were not significant in terms of the content of combustibles or the intensity of thermal sensations. The effect of individual capsaicinoids on the site of thermal sensation has not been statistically proven.
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Wu, Yaping. "Numerical analysis of direct-chill casting of aluminum ingot." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=672.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 150 p. : ill. (some col.) Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-89).
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Palma, Julieta. "Extended living arrangements in Chile : an analysis of subfamilies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271737.
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Extended households are far from a rare phenomenon in Latin America and their prevalence does not seem to be in decline. In Chile, they accounted for about a quarter of all households over the 1990–2011 period. This persistence contrasts with the dramatic transformations that have taken place in other dimensions of family life, such as the fall in fertility and marriage rates, and the increase in cohabitation and out-of-wedlock births. Recent studies on extended living arrangements in the region have mainly understood household extension as a strategy to face economic deprivation, giving little attention to other factors affecting it, such as gender inequalities and changing needs for support over the life course. In this dissertation, I contribute to the understanding of extended households Chile through the analysis of adult women living in family units over the 1990–2011 period. Unlike most other studies, I recognise the unequal positions that individuals and families occupy within the extended household, by distinguishing between women that head an extended household and those that join it as subfamilies. Using quantitative methods, I analyse a nationally representative household survey: the CASEN survey. This is the most complete data source on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the Chilean population. This dissertation offers a new assessment of the relationship between extended living arrangements and economic deprivation. Its findings only partially support the hypothesis of household extension as a family strategy to face economic hardship. Other key factors emerge when explaining extended living arrangements, including mothers’ full-time employment, the vulnerability of informal family structures, and other needs of support connected to the life course. There has been an increasing trend across 1990–2011 for young women who have started their family life to live in extended households. Multivariate analyses reveals that this increase was mainly influenced by the rising prevalence of cohabitation and single lone motherhood among younger generations, and to a lesser extent by the increase in young women’s full-time employment. These findings raise important theoretical issues for the Chilean context and show that patterns of social modernisation and family change in Chile have gone hand-in-hand with an increasing importance of the support provided by the extended family. This dissertation fills an important gap in the research on intra-household gender inequalities by analysing women’s economic dependence on extended household members. It shows that women in subfamilies are more likely to be economically dependent than those in head-families. Full-time employment, as well as marriage and cohabitation, emerge as highly protective factors against economic dependence. Special attention is paid to lone mothers, who are often excluded from research on women’s economic dependence. Lone mothers in subfamilies benefit economically from being in an extended household. Yet overall they have decreased their likelihood of being economically dependent over the 1990–2011 period. I argue that this reflects the increasing social protection towards lone mothers and recent legal reforms aimed at the equalisation of rights among couples and children irrespective of the marriage bond.
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SANTANA, VIVIANE DE AZEVEDO. "E SE COLOCAR PIMENTA: SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF CHILLI BEANS BRAND IDENTITY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19887@1.
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Esta dissertação apresenta o estudo de caso de uma marca brasileira de
acessórios de moda, a Chilli Beans. A análise utiliza o modelo
Projeto/Manifestação de identidade de marca proposto por Andrea Semprini
(2010), baseado no ferramental teórico-metodológico da semiótica discursiva de
linha francesa, ainda pouco explorado na pesquisa de mercado no Brasil.
Concebido para o contexto pós-moderno, o modelo compara a proposta de
identidade enunciada pelos gestores da marca com a identidade de marca
percebida pelo público a partir das manifestações desta, intencionando verificar a
compatibilidade entre ambas. O objetivo deste trabalho é, portanto, explicitar as
aproximações e afastamentos entre o projeto de marca proposto pelos gestores da
Chilli Beans e as interpretações das manifestações da marca pelos consumidores.
A metodologia aplicada consiste em pesquisa qualitativa envolvendo entrevistas
com os gestores da marca e com o público atingido por ela. Esse material é, então,
analisado conforme a proposta de Semprini (2010). Os resultados da pesquisa
indicam que há correspondência entre o que a marca se propõe a ser e a forma
como o público a entende. Entretanto, algumas manifestações específicas da
marca atenuam essa relação. A identificação dessas fragilidades permite aos
gestores da marca a adaptação de sua proposição de sentido ou da maneira como
apresentam suas manifestações em prol do estabelecimento de uma marca mais
consistente.This paper presents the case of a Brazilian fashion accessories brand, Chilli Beans. The analysis assumed the Project/ Manifestation model of brand identity, proposed by Andrea Semprini (2010), which is based on the theoretical and methodological tools of the French approach to discursive-semiotics, that are not very explored in Brazilian market research yet. Designed for the postmodern context, the model compares the proposal of brand identity - set out by its managers - with the brand identity as it is observed by the public through the manifestation of the brand, and what is intended is to check the compatibility between them. The goal of this study is, therefore, explicit approaches and departures between the project proposed by brand managers and the public’s interpretations of brand manifestations. The methodology consists of qualitative research involving interviews with brand executives and the public affected by it. This material is then analyzed according to the proposed by Semprini (2010). The study results indicate correlation between what the brand is intended to be and how the public appreciates it. However, some specific brand manifestations attenuate this relationship. Identifying those weaknesses enables brand managers to adapt their meaning proposition or the way they present their manifestations, in order to establishing a more consistent brand.
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Long, Emily C. "Economic Assimilation for Immigrants in Chile: An Employment Convergence Analysis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/885.
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Blending migration studies and labor economics, this thesis explores the economic implications of immigrant assimilation in Chile by using probit models to test for employment convergence and labor market convergence between immigrant groups and native Chileans. Using census data from 1992 and 2002, we find significant differences in the employment and labor force participation rates for these demographic groups, affected by the immigrants’ gender, decade of arrival, and country of origin. We see evidence of the nascent care industry in Chile, as well as the implications of the Chilean visa system and employment contracts. Additionally, we see employment probabilities fall for all immigrants prior to the 1993-2002 cohort, due to differences in demographic characteristics and potentially due to labor market discrimination as well. Therefore, we recommend reevaluating and updating the existing Chilean migration legislation to adapt to changing trends, as well as further exploring the immigrant experience and their economic integration in Latin American countries specifically.
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Ulloa, Toro Maria Margarita A. "Implementation of a teacher induction in Chile : a Bernsteinian analysis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.752761.
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Babcock, Esther. "Soil Testing and Plant Analysis Relationships for Irrigated Chile Production." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193428.
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In a field study of irrigated chile (Capsicum annum L.) production in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico from 2008 through 2009, soil and tissue test samples were analyzed for a full spectrum of nutrients at 16 different sites, including nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and boron (B), with the objective of evaluating soil and tissue nutrient testing procedures and establishing basic testing guidelines and recommendations with respect to yield potentials. Results for soil and tissue analysis were correlated to yield results. The results provide estimates for baselines which can be tested through subsequent calibration experiments for the development of recommendations for critical soil and tissue test values. These soil test and plant nutrients values will be evaluated in subsequent experiments in an effort to better define fertilizer nutrient inputs in order to gain better nutrient management efficiencies in irrigated chile production systems.
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Mason, David Trent. "Childe Rowland : fairy tale to tone poem : an original composition and analysis /." View online View online, 2010. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131576040.pdf.
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Salačová, Kristýna. "Analýza předpokladů Chile pro rozvoj cestovního ruchu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16234.
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The aim of this work is an analysis of the presumptions of Chile for the development of tourism. The intention is to set off Chile from the general characteristic of a country of "Latin America" and present this exotic destination to a Czech tourist. Other task is to map the range of Czech travel agencies tour offers to this country and see whether they are able to cover the potential of the area of Chile. The thesis also includes a SWOT analysis of Chile as a tourist destination. Finally, the intention is to prove that Chile is a safe and attractive tourist destination with a good potential and excellent conditions for tourism development. The thesis is divided into four parts. The aim of the first chapter is the definition of theoretical terms. The second chapter analyses the presumptions of Chile for the development of tourism. Examines the selective, localization and realization presumptions for the development of tourism in this territory. The third part describes the current situation of tourism in Chile. The last part of the thesis deals with the analysis of local agencies and thier offer of tours to Chile.
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Fernández, C. M. Beatriz. "Framing Teacher Education in Chile: Negotiating Local, National, and International Discourses." Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:106806.
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Thesis advisor: Marilyn Cochran-SmithSince the 1990s, many countries have used accountability mechanisms in teacher preparation. Aligned with this trend, the Chilean Ministry of Education has created national policies, which include national standards and an exit test for student teachers, grants for teacher education programs, and university scholarships for prospective teachers. These policies have been implemented in Chile, within the context of high social segregation and inequality, where accountability and deregulation work together. The purpose of this study is to explore how teaching and teacher education are constructed in national teacher education policy and university-based programs in Chile by unpacking assumptions about teaching, teacher education, and justice using frame analysis. This study analyzes national policy documents related to initial teacher education in Chile as well as semi-structured interviews and university and course documents from two teacher preparation programs. This dissertation argues that the influence of Chile’s national teacher education policies on local teacher preparation programs was not uniform across the programs. Rather both national and local frames were influenced by international organizations and universities. This overarching argument is based on four related propositions: 1) teacher preparation programs have different conceptions of practice-based teacher education and teaching while they have similar conceptions of justice; 2) the differences among faculties’ conceptions are shaped by different narratives, based on participants’ view of themselves and their programs, conceptions of teaching knowledge, participation in policies, and alignment and articulation; 3) national policies and teacher preparation programs have different conceptions of teaching and teacher education, but they have similar conceptions of justice; and, 4) Chilean national policies are influenced by international discourses even though they use different narratives to promote their changes. This study has implications for research, policy, practice, and activism. Building on the study’s findings, I constructed a framework that expands the notion of the policy web, incorporating the connection between local and international discourses in teacher education. This framework also identifies four dimensions that shape university’s faculty conceptions and explain the differences among programs
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Teacher Education, Special Education, Curriculum and Instruction
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Sanfiorenzo, Amiel B. "Cooling system design tool for rapid development and analysis of chilled water systems aboard U.S. Navy surface ships." Thesis, Cambridge, Massachussetts, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/40254.
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CIVINSOver the last several decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the complexity and power requirements of radars and other combat systems equipment aboard naval combatants and this trend is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. This increase in the power demand has a direct effect on the amount of heat which has to be removed by the cooling systems, with future combatants expected to require 5-10 times the cooling capacity currently installed on naval combatants (McGillan, Perotti, McCunney, & McGovern). In the past, the cooling system could be designed and integrated into the ship towards the later stages of the ship design process; however, this is no longer possible. The growing complexity and size of the cooling systems needed require preliminary design and integration in the early stages of the ship design process. To design and integrate cooling systems several tools are available to the naval architect, but vary in complexity and usefulness depending on the design stage considered. The focus of this thesis is on the early-stage design of cooling systems aboard U.S. Navy surface ships utilizing the principles of naval architecture and mechanical engineering concepts. The intent was to study the heat transfer process within the chilled water system and the auxiliary seawater system and develop a Cooling System Design Tool (CSDT) based on the thermodynamic laws that govern heat transfer as well as the hydrodynamic principles that govern fluid flow, specifically the incorporation of flow network analysis (FNA). The key purposes of the CSDT are to provide rapid visualization and analysis of the cooling system to test overall feasibility and performance of the system. The framework of the model was built using Matlab in conjunction with Excel. The program interacts with the user primarily through the command window, guiding the user through the design process. Some visualization is provided as the design progresses, allowing the user to quickly determine and correct errors in the design. The CSDT also displays important results of various analyses that can be performed on the data, including a weight summary, a static temperature distribution and a temperature distribution that captures transients in space and time. The program interaction, chilled water plots and analyses output enables the user with the ability to quickly visualize, develop and analyze cooling systems aboard naval vessels.
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Sanfiorenzo, Amiel B. (Amiel Benjamin). "Cooling system design tool for rapid development and analysis of chilled water systems aboard U.S. Navy surface ships." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81588.
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Thesis (Nav. E. and S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-157).
Over the last several decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the complexity and power requirements of radars and other combat systems equipment aboard naval combatants and this trend is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. This increase in the power demand has a direct effect on the amount of heat which has to be removed by the cooling systems, with future combatants expected to require 5-10 times the cooling capacity currently installed on naval combatants (McGillan, Perotti, McCunney, & McGovern). In the past, the cooling system could be designed and integrated into the ship towards the later stages of the ship design process; however, this is no longer possible. The growing complexity and size of the cooling systems needed require preliminary design and integration in the early-stages of the ship design process. To design and integrate cooling systems several tools are available to the naval architect, but vary in complexity and usefulness depending on the design stage considered. The focus of this thesis is on the early-stage design of cooling systems aboard U.S. Navy surface ships utilizing the principles of naval architecture and mechanical engineering concepts. The intent was to study the heat transfer process within the chilled water system and the auxiliary seawater system and develop a Cooling System Design Tool (CSDT) based on the thermodynamic laws that govern heat transfer as well as the hydrodynamic principles that govern fluid flow, specifically the incorporation of flow network analysis (FNA). The key purposes of the CSDT are to provide rapid visualization and analysis of the cooling system to test overall feasibility and performance of the system. The framework of the model was built using Matlab in conjunction with Excel. The program interacts with the user primarily through the command window, guiding the user through the design process. Some visualization is provided as the design progresses, allowing the user to quickly determine and correct errors in the design. The CSDT also displays important results of various analyses that can be performed on the data, including a weight summary, a static temperature distribution, and a temperature distribution that captures transients in space and time. The program interaction, chilled water plots and analyses output enables the user with the ability to quickly visualize, develop and analyze cooling systems aboard naval vessels.
by Amiel B. Sanfiorenzo.
Nav.E.and S.M.
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King, John Christopher. "Modeling State Repression in Argentina and Chile: A Time Series Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278861/.
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This study is an attempt to contribute to the emerging theoretical literature on state repression. A time-series model was developed to test the hypothesis that state violence in Argentina and Chile is largely a function of four internal political factors and their interactions: 1) the inertial influence of past restrictive policies on the formulation of current policies, 2) the annual incidence of political protest demonstrations, 3) the perceived effectiveness of repressive measures on unrest, 4) and the institutionalization of military rule.
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Beltran, Javier. "Income inequality in natural resource-rich countries: Empirical evidence from Chile." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/204257/2/Javier_Beltran_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis analyses how the degree of dependence on natural resources can help explain the persistently high levels of income inequality in Chile. Using data at the municipal level, it also explores the causal effect of income inequality on the level of efficiency of local authorities. Finally, given the social upheaval experienced in Chile in 2019, the thesis investigates the impact of economic and racial heterogeneity on the erosion of social cohesion in the country.
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Pugin, Veronica H. "Trade Liberalization's Impacts on Welfare: A Comparative Analysis of Chile and Mexico." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/394.
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For decades, institutions such as the World Bank, IMF, WTO, OECD, US Congress, and EU have encouraged developing countries to adopt trade liberalization to improve their people's welfare and eventually achieve developed country status. In a comparative analysis to examine trade liberalization's impact on labor, this study found that while Chile and Mexico pursued very similar trade liberalization policies, their outcomes were extraordinarily different. Chile now holds the title as the world's model liberalizer while Mexico continues to struggle to liberalize. Chile's effective use of government intervention to absorb adjustment costs determined its success. This study challenges trade theory's dogma against government intervention and concludes with explicit strategies for hoe developing countries can enact targeted social programs and measures to absorb trade liberalization's painful adjustment costs. Trade liberalization can bring prosperity and opportunities for a country, as long as it is paired with effective government intervention to absorb a degree of adjustment costs.
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Drees, Kevin Paul. "Quantitative analysis of soil microbial diversity in the hyperarid Atacama Desert, Chile." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284318.
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The Atacama Desert of northern Chile is one of the most arid regions on Earth. The central plateau, between the coastal escarpment and the Andes, is devoid of vegetation and receives only millimeters of rain every few years. Though plants are absent in the soils of this desert, perhaps bacteria can survive, and even thrive, in these hyperarid conditions. This dissertation represents the first comprehensive study of bacterial diversity in the driest central latitudes (approximately 24°S) of the Atacama Desert. Study 1 covers the development of a soil DNA extraction method for the study of soil bacterial populations. This method was field tested in an ecology study in the Santa Catalina Mountains of southern Arizona. In Study 2, Atacama soils were sampled in two transects at approximately 24°S and 25°S. The first transect runs across the absolute (plantless) desert and through several narrow bands of sparse vegetation at high altitudes in the Andes. The second transect is within the well-developed fog zone near Paposo on the Pacific coastal escarpment, where an endemic plant community called lomas is established. Analysis of DGGE profiles of bacterial !6S rRNA genes extracted from these soils with Kruskal's Isotonic Multidimensional Scaling indicates that the bacterial populations cluster into several groups, including the low diversity populations of the core absolute desert, and the higher diversity high elevation Andean populations influenced by the vegetation of Andean biomes. Only one group clustered in the lomas; the rest of the profiles were unique, demonstrating the high diversity of bacterial populations within this diverse vegetation community. Soil 3107, which is within the absolute desert, clustered with the Andean bacterial populations. This soil lies within the transition zone between the low precipitation of the absolute desert (approximately 2.4 mm per year) and the higher precipitation of the high elevation Andes (approximately 47.1 mm per year). This Andean bacterial population may extend further into the absolute desert than the Andean vascular plants due to superior aridity tolerance. Alternatively, this bacterial population may be a relic from when the Andean vegetation advanced through this elevation in a wet period 3000 years ago.
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Pliouchtchai, Iván. "Herramientas de análisis de opinión en redes sociales virtuales." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/116987.
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Ingeniero Civil en ComputaciónLa masividad del uso de las redes sociales ha crecido explosivamente en los últimos años. Resulta interesante conocer la opinión que expresan los usuarios en Twitter para realizar estudios de mercado, popularidad de marcas, candidatos presidenciales, etc. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo desarrollar un software que permita hacer análisis de opinión en Twitter. Este software se utilizó para estudiar la opinión sobre los candidatos a presidente en el año 2013 en Chile. Se estudiaron dos técnicas utilizadas para obtener el sentimiento asociado a un texto: Método Estadístico y Método Ontológico. El primer método requiere de un gran volumen de datos (textos de los que se conoce si expresan una opinión positiva o negativa) para entrenar el algoritmo. Se eligió el método ontológico, para el que se construyen manualmente reglas para identificar el sentimiento. Para aplicar estas reglas, se procesa el texto libre usando la librería FreeLing, que construye un árbol de dependencia de las palabras que componen el texto. Dicho árbol permite agrupar el sujeto con los correspondientes adjetivos, verbos, etc de las oraciones. La ontología construida consiste en patrones detectables en los arboles de dependencia, con palabras claves que pueden ir en las distintas posiciones del patrón. Hubo problemas con la librería FreeLing que no procesa correctamente texto mal escrito, como es el caso típico de los Tweets. Se tuvo que hacer un preprocesamiento al texto para ayudar a FreeLing a procesar el texto. Al hacer el análisis de los Tweets de los 7 días anteriores a la segunda vuelta, se obtuvo una popularidad del 61% para Bachelet (obtuvo 62% en las elecciones) y un 39% para Matthei (38% en las elecciones), resultado que también es cercano a las estimaciones de Brandmetrics. Otra funcionalidad desarrollada es la identificación de la posición geográfica del usuario, y por lo tanto sus Tweets, a partir del dato que él indica en el perfil de usuario. Este es un campo de texto libre. El texto se trata de calzar con una serie de expresiones regulares, que están asociadas con las regiones de Chile. Se validó la técnica desarrollada comparando los resultados obtenidos con los datos por GPS para aquellos Tweets para los que estaban disponibles, obteniendo cerca de un 90% de acierto. Sin embargo, sólo a alrededor de la mitad de los Tweets se les puede identificar la localidad usando esta técnica, lo que de todas formas es mejor que cerca del 2% de los Tweets que tienen la información del GPS. Se analizó también el uso de Twitter en función de la hora del día, observando la máxima actividad en la noche, durante y después de los noticieros.
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Stevens, Anthony. "NEOGENE PALEO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF QUEBRADA LA HIGUERA SECTION, BAHIA INLGESA, NORTHERN CHILE." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/283.
Full textAbstract:
Marine sediment samples were collected from Quebrada la Higuera, Chile to provide a record of planktonic and benthic foraminifera as a means of reconstructing the paleo-bathymetry and paleo-environment of the Quebrada la Higuera basin. The research area is located in northern Chile, south of Caldera in Quebrada la Higuera (S 27° 16.443, W 70° 54.887). The Quebrada la Higuera basin rests unconformably atop Mesozoic gabbroic basement, which is locally exposed, representing fault-bounded horsts and grabens. At the base of the section, diatomaceous sediment within the sequence suggests intervals of high productivity. The co-occurrence of the shallower water benthic species Nonionella miocenica and Epistominella pulchella with deep-water species Bolivina tumida, Uvigerina peregrina, Globobulimina auriculata, and Bolivina subfusiformis, at 10-23 m above the base of the section and again at 44-62 m, within fining-upward sedimentary packages suggests possible turbidites caused by transgressive-regressive cycles. Additionally, the occurrence and high abundance of these species are indicative of high productivity. A 30-40 cm Late Miocene phosphatic bed consisting of vertebrate and invertebrate fossils lies unconformably atop a poorly consolidated sand ~42 m from the base of the section. This phosphatic bed suggests that upwelling was occurring off the coast of Chile earlier than previously believed. The hyperaridity of Chile's Atacama Desert has been the result of the cold upwelling Peru-Chile current, which is further intensified by the rain-shadow effect of the Andes and the cold, dry descending Hadley cell. The occurrence of planktonic foraminifer Globigerina bulloides at the base of the section establishes the maximum possible lower age limit of 15.97 Ma (Middle Miocene). At 47 m, the co-occurrence of Globorotalia margaritae, Globorotalia crassaformis, and Dentogloboquadrina altispira establishes a maximum age limit for that horizon of ~3.6 Ma (Early Pliocene), providing an age range for the Quebrada la Higuera section from Middle Miocene through Early Pliocene. This study provides a record of planktonic and benthic foraminifera as a means of reconstructing the paleohistory of Quebrada la Higuera and more broadly through the Caldera region. The analyses address interactions between uplift, atmospheric conditions, sea level, and upwelling within the region from interpretations of the composite section, including facies relationship between sediments and occurring foraminifera species. These observations, along with the foraminiferal record, help broaden the understanding and development of the Quebrada la Higuera Neogene record.
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Tašárová, Zuzana. "Gravity data analysis and interdisciplinary 3D modelling of a convergent plate margin (Chile, 36°-42°S)." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2005/19/index.html.
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Ramírez, Ibaceta Sebastián Eduardo. "Exergy analysis of the chilean society." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146760.
Full textAbstract:
Ingeniero Civil en BiotecnologíaThe present report contains an exergy analysis of the Chilean society in 2013. Wall s approach was taken to assess the exergy efficiency of four main economic sectors: mining, manufacturing, transportation, and households. Several assumptions were taken to simplify the complex thermodynamic interactions within the society model. For instance, exergy flows among economic sectors were not considered, due to the lack of relevant statistical data on these interactions. On the other hand, only some of the exergy carriers entering and leaving the society were accounted, as the focus of this work is to provide a first outlook of the Chilean exergy efficiency from a chemical exergy standpoint. An extended exergy analysis (EEA) is proposed for future studies, in order to integrate exergy of labor and capital into the analysis. Statistical power plays an important role in this matter, as key data required to perform an EEA is nowadays unavailable. The efficiency of the society in 2013 was 24%. Comparing with other societies, the Chilean case was found to be in between advanced economies and less developed countries. The current development model is criticized, as the most developed countries previously analyzed have the lowest thermodynamic efficiency. In the long term, a shift of paradigm is expected, fostering local development and educating about resources overconsumption. Regarding Chilean economic sectors, exergy efficiency was found to be higher in extractive activities, such as mining (53%), and manufacturing (53%). In general, exergy efficiency was lower in services and end-use sectors, such as transportation (21%), and households (10%). This is considered to be related with omission of labor in the analysis, as end-use sectors show a higher dependency on human work compared to industrial/extractive activities. Despite of methodological difficulties, interesting suggestions were obtained from the analysis. Structural changes are proposed in the manufacturing sector, to improve the efficiency of transformations carried out in agriculture, livestock, and aquaculture activities. Food industry as a whole would improve its thermodynamic performance if steps in this direction were taken. Likewise, fostering a technological shift towards electric vehicles would imply a much better use of the available resources. In the same way, improvements in water and space heating are desirable, as these two end-uses are the most exergy intensive applications in household consumption.
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Dai, Zhong-Yuan, and 戴仲元. "Analysis of the Influence on Chiller Performance for Variable Chilled Water Flow." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4uznxt.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系
106
In this study, to work in the context of the use of variable flow planning of American stores, for example, from chilled water systems, refrigerant systems theory combined with work practice analysis and verification. Discuss the impact on the performance and power consumption of the chiller when the chilled water is changed. In this paper, the changes of the performance of the chiller under the variable flow condition of the air conditioning water circulation system and the refrigerant system are analyzed. The analysis results show that: The flow rate of ice water does not change the cooling energy. However, the change of the conduction time of the refrigerant circulation causes the change of the evaporation space of the evaporator to change the evaporation rate of the refrigerant, which leads to the change of the control of the intake capacity of the compressor and the increase of the high and low pressure difference (head). Secondly, the regression analysis method is used to establish the calculation model of the variable flow consumption of the centrifugal chiller based on the field operation data, and the regularity of the change of the power consumption and performance of the chiller under the rated flow rate of chilled water. And combined with on-site practice to verify energy efficiency. Finally, we will explore the feasibility and changing methods of variable flow. Compared with the rated flow operation, the variable flow control of chilled water is energy-consuming. When the cooling water temperature is at 30 ° C, the flow rate is reduced by 10%, and the power consumption of the chiller is increased by 10%. Performance is reduced by 10%. When the load is less than 30%, the flow becomes a state of energy saving, but it is easy to cause harm to the chiller. Therefore, the operation of the variable flow needs to consider the type and volume of the evaporator, and then adjust the host capacity control mode to achieve energy saving results.
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Lung, Liu-Ching, and 劉青龍. "Economic Analysis of VFD Centrifugal Chiller." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kcezqh.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
冷凍空調工程系所
93
Motors of chiller、cooling tower、pump and air handing units are the major part of electric power consumptions for HVAC system in normal building. When the building cooling load changed, Change the motor speed by variable frequency drive (VFD) is a good energy saving strange in recently years. Although commercial building largest single electric consumption is chiller. The relationship between variable frequency drive (VFD) and centrifugal chiller only can be seen in the paper study before. The large VFD (200~1200 HP) becomes more popular because cost down and performance improved. The technology of VFD centrifugal chiller becomes possible. This paper will use computer software to calculate chiller system design and energy consumption in Taiwan climate. Study the energy differences between the fix speed and variable speed centrifugal chiller in 4 seasons of a standard year. In order to set up a chillers economic analysis model for HVAC system. Design 4 different chiller tonnage combinations for a shopping center. Finding the best energy saving chiller’s design for this building. This chillers economic analysis model can help HVAC consultant and owner to find a good way know VFD centrifugal chiller saving energy for their building.
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HSUEH, YU-CHENG, and 薛育晟. "Water Chiller Performance Analysis and Improvement." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63dcec.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立勤益科技大學
冷凍空調與能源系
107
As the core of central air conditioning systems, waterchillers consume the most power. With longer service time, the efficiency will be lowerand the power consumption will be higher. If the efficiency can be effectively improved, the power consumption will decrease.After being used for a period, the waterchillers will produce variouskinds of dirt, such as carbon deposit, contaminants and viscousoil stains, and most of which will adhere to the copper pipes. In particular, those adhered to the heat exchangers decrease heat transfer coefficient and increasehydraulic resistance, so that the refrigerating capacity provided is greatly reduced, the compressor energy consumption is increased, the chiller performance COP is decreased and KW/RTpower consumption is increased.However, in this study, 3 sets (1000RT, 1000RTheat recovery and 1500RT) which have been running for over 10 years are used,the contaminants adhered to the copper pipes aredecomposed by usingchemical reactions (C12H20Cl6)and fouling of heat exchangers are effectively restrained, so that heat exchangers can work effectively, the running efficiency COP of waterchillers is increasedby 4.45% - 14.66%, the power consumption is reduced by 4.84% - 12.12%. After improvement, the running efficienciesof the chillers are improved.
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Chia-hui, Liao, and 廖家輝. "Benefit analysis of chiller energy saving in making sake." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39pwwa.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班
101
There are numerous sake production plants around the world, and their production processes and methods differ. If the sake process considers the energy consumption of the chiller system without influencing the sake quality, the operating cost can be saved. The development of energy saving and carbon reduction technologies can achieve win-win outcome in energy saving, environmental protection, and business. This study discussed energy saving by replacing the chiller system in the sake brewing process, and increased the ice storage tank capacity to reduce the electricity requirement in the peak hours of sake brewing process. The sake brewing process consists of koji rice cultivation, steaming and cooling, fermentation ripening, low temperature storage space and making chilled water by ice storage tank. Each process step requires the use of the chiller system. When the fermentation product temperature is controlled within the curve range, the yield rate of quality sake must be increased. After chiller improvement, the water used as the raw materials of sake brewing is used as electrical load to validate the energy saving performance. The single unit operation COP value of host is 2.3 For market diversification, the product is transformed into partial fermentation and the batch quantity is reduced. The chilling tank temperature is increased by 6℃, the fermentation tank temperature is reduced by 11℃. The annual power consumption of liquor building and chiller system is reduced by 38.1% significantly. When the chilled water storage system is used in the sake brewing process, the power consumption can be reduced by 3.78%. This study provides reference design for alcoholic beverage industry to plan the energy cost in the future.
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Kong, Chai-Chee, and 江彩綺. "Analysis of energy saving and improvement for chiller performance." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v4p58b.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班
101
There are three methods applied in this study: linear regression, neural network and genetic neural network. The C.O.P models, before cleaning the chiller’s condenser, are established by using these three methods. We collect data of the chiller’s condenser after cleaning, then simulate the C.O.P of the chiller’s condenser before cleaning by using these three models. After that, analysis and compare the simulate results and improvement of performance by using three methods under the same baseline. Backpropagation network is used for neural network and the genetic neural network is used according the results of neural network, to devise a suitable fitness function and to search the optimal weights and biases of the backpropagation network. Two different cases are presented for simulate simulation and to compare. The results show that the C.O.P of case 1 can be improved up to 3.82%, and the C.O.P of case 2 can be improved up to 3.78%. Generally, using neural network to do simulation will get high accuracy. Genetic neural network is used based under the devise conditions to search the optimal weights and biases of the neural network to reach the goal of optimizing simulation.
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Chiang, Yen-Shin, and 江衍欣. "CFC Conversion and Performance Analysis on Centrifugal Chiller Plants." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63702816001142064974.
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CHEN, MING-ZHE, and 陳銘哲. "Using Support Vector Regression for Chiller Analysis and Prediction." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5m7429.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
冷凍空調工程系所
105
Through the research, air condition at buildings that accounts for 43% being energy consumption and the energy consumption of chiller accounts for 60% of the air condition. How to make chiller keep running at high efficiency was the most point project. Our team which using by ASHRAE standard to get short-term measurement data was the mean method to obtain data by chiller. We were found two deficiency at our project processing. (1)The great difference COP values at different measurement cycle. (2)Using the data which measurement by different season was calculated by regression analysis at same standard. It could be huge difference at measurement uncertainty. In this study the research methods are divided into three parts: (1) Discuss the chiller performance using ASHRAE chiller performance equation combine regression analysis and the method of Support Vector Machine. The results show that the average absolute percentage error is 7.96%, which is much lower than the 15.41% of the ASHRAE Guideline 14, when using the Support Vector Machine to predict the performance of chiller performance data in different seasons. (2) Through cross-build model and performance prediction this research use 7 chiller performance data to sort out 450 pieces analysis information. (3) Finally, 7 important factors that effects the use of support vector regression for predicting chiller performance error are analyzed by using backward law in regression analysis. The most influential factor is the absolute value of the average temperature difference in the testing data and the training data.
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Tung, Ting-An, and 董庭安. "Analysis of Water Chiller Energy Consumption by Association Rules." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/876qyd.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
冷凍空調工程系所
105
The association law is often used to analyze the correlation between the products purchased by the customer in the transaction record as product furnishings, promotions or decisions. The advantage is to focus on the relevance of items and items in the database, trying to find the basis of reliable data in large data. Accroding to Apriori algorithm, after generating a high-frequency itemset, the next for the establishment of association rules, set the minimum support and minimum confidence in the threshold, the use of association rules from the combination of various matters, mining practical and reliable rules. In this study, we use the method of association rule to analyze the water chiller electricity information of a technology factory, establish the minimum support 10% and the minimum confidence 40%, for the factors of the different air load and cooling water return temperature interval water chiller system cooling water pump total power consumption, the start of the water chiller machine, the water chiller COP performance, etc. Without changing the equipment to find the best operation of the water chiller to operate the best mode of operation, found in the 800 ~ 1000RT and cooling water return temperature 24 ~ 30 ℃ when the start of the installation of water chiller for the No. 2 and No. 4 and the total cost of cooling water pump less than 58kW mode of operation, and in the 1000 ~ 1200RT and cooling water return temperature of 28 ~ 30 ℃ when enabled The combination of the ice water main unit for the No. 2 and No. 4 and the total consumption of cooling water pump is equal to 55kW and less than 60kW mode of operation, the ice machine efficiency and efficient operation, through the verification can be regarded as the best operation of the case mode.
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Lee, Wen-Xun, and 李文勛. "Analysis of Optimized Operation of Chiller by Using XGB." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9azzqx.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系
106
In recent years, Data Mining has been used in many fields to find hidden and useful information on data accumulated in the past. For example, abnormal analysis of equipment, the relationship between different data, predictive analysis, and so on. Effective use of data mining in many areas to find effective and credible results For example, bank units use customer information to establish a credit card review mechanism, medical institutions establish patient disease information, strengthen cause judgments, and so on. The XGB (extreme gradient boosting) algorithm is an Ensemble Learning. The core is to use multiple weak models to reach a conclusion. At present, the chiller start-up settings often use experience as the basis for setting. If user can understand the influences of parameter settings on performance,can achieve energy-saving purposes. At present, the chiller start-up settings often use experience as the basis for setting. If user can understand the influences of parameter settings on performance, user can achieve energy-saving purposes. In this study, XGB is used to analyze the air conditioning system operation data of an office building in Taipei. The influence of the operating parameters on the efficiency of the chiller is analyzed by using the XGB algorithm under different parameter settings of the chiller. Efficient operation parameter setting as an objective reference for optimizing the operation strategy, and confirms that the data exploration has a certain effect on the optimization analysis of the chiller unit. After using the actual field data for analysis, it is confirmed that XGB has a good prediction rate, and the average absolute percentage error between the predicted value and the actual value is between 3.3% and 8.39%. By changing the operating parameters, it can save 4~18.4% of power consumption without investing in new equipment.
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YANG, TSUNG-HUA, and 楊宗樺. "Performance Testing and Analysis of Water-cooled Chiller Units." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4zhpte.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
冷凍空調與能源系
107
For different forms of water-cooled chiller, there are many different planning options for testing methods before meeting the CNS national standards. Before the final test is finalized, the test and analysis of the chiller should be carried out. In order to carry out more accurate performance test analysis, the energy consumption analysis of water-cooled chiller water system, the chiller equipment has the highest energy consumption. The analysis is more complicated, and the parameters affected are more, so the energy consumption analysis results of the chiller unit. It will affect the accuracy of the overall system energy consumption assessment. Therefore, the research on the chiller performance with high reliability and accuracy has become an important issue that many scholars have invested in research in recent years. According to the results of this study, the conditions for optimizing the full load operation of the chiller unit are based on CNS-12575 standard, which the ice water outlet temperature is 7 °C ± 0.5 °C, and the cooling water is entering the temperature 30 °C ± 0.5 °C. Water flow rate LPM ± 5%, voltage ± 10%, frequency ± 1%, heat balance percentage ± 5%. This paper is divided into three discussion cases, 1 is full load 100% operation, which the ice water outlet temperature is 7°C ± 0.5°C, and the cooling water is entering the temperature 30°C ± 0.5°C, 2 is 100% full load operation, which the ice water outlet temperature is 5.5°C ± 0.5°C,and the cooling water is entering the temperature 32°C ± 0.5°C, 3 is partial load 100%-75%-50%-25% operation, to test the stable operation data, and the ability on the drawing, Comparison of power consumption.
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Yu, Pen-Liang, and 游本良. "The experimental analysis of the effect of cooling water and chilled water temperature on centrifugal chiller performance." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52241047062254270434.
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碩士國立中央大學
機械工程研究所碩士在職專班
94
Taiwan is located in the subtropical area with hot and humid climate in the summer. It requires a large number of air conditioning facilities. The chilled water is used to control the temperature and humidity in the industry, especially for the clean room to maintain the constant temperature and humidity. The chiller is the heart of the chilled water system, and its efficiency has a great influence on consumption of the energy. This research experimentally studies the performance of the chiller in different water temperature. The Taguchi method is used to analysis the results of the experiments. From the operation data of the TFT-LCD factory, a linear regression of the chiller’s COP versus its condenser inlet water temperature can be found. The result shows that the COP of the chiller will increase with decreasing condenser inlet water temperature. Because the variation of chilled water temperature tested is too small, the effect of the chilled water to the COP is not significant.
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Lin, Zhi-Qian, and 林志謙. "Thermodynamic Analysis and Thermoeconomic Optimization of a LiBr Absorption Chiller." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g76f38.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
化學工程研究所
99
This study presents the thermodynamic analysis and thermoeconomic optimization of a lithium bromide (LiBr) absorption chiller. The mathematical model of a LiBr absorption chiller is first established based on mass balance relations, energy balance relations, and some constitutive equations of each heat exchanger unit. Then, this study analyzes the thermodynamic properties of the absorption chiller, and calculates the irreversibility and energy loss of each unit. Simulations of the absorption chiller are carried out to investigate the effects of various operating conditions on the coefficient of performance (COP) and exergy efficiency (Ψex) of the absorption chiller. Moreover, this study presents the optimum design of the absorption chiller using a thermoeconomic optimization method, known as the structural method. This method not only takes the thermodynamic considerations into account but also considers their economic optimization. The advantage of using the structural method for thermoeconomic optimization is that the various elements of the system can be optimized on their own. A simple equation to calculate the optimum area of each heat exchanger can be derived by introducing the structural coefficient bond (CSB), and a modified optimization procedure is proposed. Simulation results show that the total cost and COP are improved after the optimization, while the improvement of exergy efficiency depends on the operation time.
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LI, MENG-DA, and 李孟達. "Performance Analysis of Far Infrared Materials Used in Water Chiller." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uj565j.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班
102
The purpose of the study is to achieve the effects of energy saving and carbon conservation for chiller through the use of far infrared material. By the way of external coating, heat exchanger of chiller can be cladded by far infrared material. Such a non-destructive installation way is feasible to achieve energy saving effect and apply to engineering. Experiments were made to explore heat exchange efficiency ratios of tube exchangers under the same influent temperature, flow speed and heat exchange area. Finally, far infrared material was applied to chiller system so as to understand the effects of actual application of mid- and far-infrared materials on the COP and refrigerating capacity of system, and analyze the feasibility of such application. Experimental results show that when Reynolds number is 1500 during application of commercial-use far infrared material to tub exchanger, heat exchange efficiency rises by 4.4~8.8%; and when Reynolds number is 3500, heat exchange efficiency even rises by 7.8~13.4%. As known from the actually measured results of chiller, the system has its COP grown by 11.9% and its refrigerating capacity risen by 14.4% maximum. The far infrared material employed in the experiments of the paper can really enhance the effectiveness of heat exchange device during operation. Meanwhile, external coating is an ideal installation way since it can greatly raise the feasibility of its actual application in future.
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CHEN, HUI-CHUNG, and 陳匯中. "The Energy Analysis of Water Chiller and Ice Storage System." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18202263966976125532.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
冷凍與低溫科技研究所
90
The demand of refrigerators has been increased significantly due to Taiwan’s rapidly growing economy. Cooling systems and refrigerators are widely used for condensers in petrochemical field, air-condition systems in semiconductor factories, humidistat in textile factories. Furthermore, large wholesale stores, exhibition centers, and large hospitals use lots of large centrifugal water chillers frequently because of the air-condition load is between 1,000 to 10,000 RT. Therefore, the ice storage systems are used in many cases to decrease the load during peak hours. The majorities of large water chillers are centrifugal; usually parallel water chillers are used at the same time for the air-condition systems. This paper is going to talk about the experiment on the highly running centrifugal water chiller. Usually we only consider about the efficiency under the full load when selecting a water chiller. Actually, the water chiller runs with partially load most of the time. The purpose of this research is to find out the most efficient way of running the water chiller, and learn how the energy got consumed while the water chiller runs partially. Eventually, combine the water chiller with ice storage system and efficient running formula for saving energy.
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ni, Pj, and 倪萍均. "System planning and operation cost analysis of heat recovery chiller." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27506950650044491002.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
冷凍空調系
97
ABSTRACT The different heat recovery chiller mode and chilled water system are studied to analyze the three different heat recovery modes and various design of chilled water piping. The recovered heat is kept above the minimum requirement under light air conditioning load. The energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of the conventional chiller with various boilers are compared with the heat recovery chiller to verify its economical and environmental value in the air conditioning systems. A heat recovery chiller used in a full make-up air cleanroom system is analyzed during January 2009. The energy cost and carbon dioxide emissions are studied. The cost and carbon dioxide emission of conventional chiller with electric heater is 10.64 times of the heat recovery chiller. The cost of conventional chiller with Diesel boiler is 12.31 times of the heat recovery chiller, while the carbon dioxide emission is 5.6 times. The cost of conventional chiller with natural gas is 8.73 times of the heat recovery chiller, while the carbon dioxide emission is 4.49 times. The results show that the proper design of air conditioning system will save the energy and reduce the carbon dioxide emissions.
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Zhi-Jue-Lin and 林致覺. "Applying Elman Neural Network on Energy Saving Analysis of Chiller." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zj8hck.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系
106
The study uses 3 major methods, including multiple regression analysis, backpropagation neural network and Elman neural network. We establish the power consumption of the for the water chiller unit before the condenser is washed for the case 1 and the case 2 respectively; then, we collect the data after the condenser of the water chiller unit is washed and then use the patented method to select the data in the overlapped range; then, we substitute the data into the established power consumption model to simulate the power consumption of the water chiller unit before the condenser is washed. In the case 3, we establish the power consumption model of the water chiller unit using the R-290 refrigerant, collect the data of the water chiller unit using the R-22 refrigerant and then use the patented method to select the data in the overlapped range; afterward, we substitute the data into the established power consumption model to simulate the power consumption of the water chiller unit using the R-290 refrigerant; finally, we analyze and compare the relevant performances of the 3 models established in the 3 cases.. The result of the study shows that Elman neural network can provide better effect for establishing the power consumption model of the water chiller unit when compared with multiple regression analysis, backpropagation neural network; for the reason, we use Elman neural network model to calculate the power saving. In the case 1 and the case 2, we can obtain about 5.0223% and about 3.7680% of the power saving respectively after the water chiller unit is washed. In the case 3, we can obtain about 25.6593% of power saving when the water chiller unit uses the R-290 refrigerant.
47
Wen-Chung, Wang. "A Practical Analysis in Energy Consumption for Fouling HVAC-System Chiller." 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0006-1707200619425300.
Full text
48
CHEN, SEN HUANG, and 陳森煌. "Performance analysis of chiller part load efficiency using field operation data." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86864218397176415024.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
冷凍與低溫科技研究所
89
Owing to fast-developments economy and improvement of life quality, air-conditioned equipment is widely used. 30﹪~40﹪of total electricity is expended on central air-conditioned system. The heart of central air-conditioned system is chilled unit which consumes 60﹪of electricity. Therefore, the maintenance of operative efficiency is very important. The coefficient of performance (COP) is the major indicator of efficiency of chilled unit. However the actual load of air-conditioned system is always less than the designed maximum load. It means that most times the chilled unit is operated in partial load, so the analysis of application part of load (APLV) is more practical. In order to analyze the major factors which affects IPLV & NPLV of standardized centrifugal chilled unit based on ARI550/590-98, the study is using computer software to calculate integrated part load valve (IPLV) and no-standard part load (NPLV),comparising previous result and the record of NPLV from this study, helping to understand the major factors of decreasing chiller efficiency and it provide the reference for other-related design, operative maintenance improvement and replacement.
49
Chieng, Pin-Cheng, and 江斌誠. "Energy Saving Analysis of Variable Primary Flow System with Screw Chiller." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pz99m2.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班
100
Chilled water primary flow of central air conditioning system has been a constant flow operation. The paper focuses on the central air conditioning system of the chilled water primary variable flow of energy-saving operation. The concept is Trane first proposed in 1999, At the beginning , many people hold the altitude of doubt because of the complexity it involves . However, more and more successful cases are gradually raising the marketing acceptance . Decreasing the primary flow rates can obviously save energy from water pump, but the heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator changes at the same time, as well as the temperature of evaporation. These changes might influence the energy consumption. Therefore, the benefit of energy-saving by VPF of the pump is discussed with the primary flow rates to find the flow rates with the most efficiency. This research is based on the regression analysis to derive the equation between the power consumption of chiller and the primary flow rates, the temperature of extracted chilled water, the temperature of infill cooling water and the partial loads, as well as the equation between the power consumption of the pump and the primary rates. Finally, obtain the curve of partial loads and electric consumption vary with primary flow rates, and find the best energy-saving efficiency of primary flow rates under the loads of chiller and pump.
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Shih, I.-Huei, and 施宜輝. "A Practical Analysis in Energy Savings for Facility HVAC-System Chiller." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34550706685672265739.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
機械工程研究所
92
In semi-conductor and TFT LCD industry, facility HVAC system not only maintains stable clean room environment, but also be responsible heat exchange and heat transfer circulation for all process equipments. The system plays a decisive role in enabling the production line to run continuingly day and night. Recently, as factory of hi-tech industry buildings establishment, the demand of electric power increases. With the characteristics of sparse power sources and the trend of dense population in Taiwan, the aim to make air conditioner more effective and economical becomes urgent and important. The chiller is not only the heart of HVAC system, but consumes the most electric power in single component. In facility HVAC system, the functions of the chiller include the production of chilled water, supplement of downstream equipments of heat exchange and heat circulation, the demand of the process production line environment and equipments. The dissertation is to study the evaporator and condenser of the chiller, and to analyze the influence of the variety of temperature to the efficiency of the chiller theoretically. Moreover, the study simulates actual situation with the software YORK MILLENNIUM CENTRIFUGAL CHILLER SELECTION PROGRAM (REV. V6_18.I.D.D) — WINCHILL (V7_26.FDW) to calculate statistics. The study finds that as the temperature of evaporator increase or the temperature of condenser decrease, the efficiency of the chiller promotes. In practice, for facility HVAC system management, to reach the goal of decrease the cost of system operation, we can adjust the temperature of fluid to the evaporator and the condenser as the chiller is operating.