Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chili XIX – XX siècle'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 22 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Chili XIX – XX siècle.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Ramirez, Cristobal. "Compter, inscrire et diagnostiquer : la mise par écrit de la recherche sur l’aliénation mentale à la Casa de Orates de Santiago au Chili (1852 – 1937)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0124.
Full textThis thesis deals with the research practices on mental alienation deployed mainly in the Casa de Orates in Santiago, the first institution dedicated to the care and medical treatment of insanity in Chile. The period runs from 1852, with the creation of this asylum, to 1937, with the first Pan-American Neuropsychiatric Conference. Specifically, the idea is to portray the emergence and development of research on mental alienation undertaken by Chilean alienists and to describe the mechanisms used to disseminate and legitimise it. The collection of medical data and the elaboration of statistical reports are among the main elements of this history, since it is from these that the research on mental alienation takes shape. In this sense, the main material for analysis is constituted by two medical statistical reports produced serially between 1895 and 1932, namely the Movements and the Memoirs of the Casa de Orates. Throughout this thesis, the process of production of these texts will be outlined, describing the characteristics of their production and the effects they had both on the functioning of the asylum and on the scientific field of medicine. This formulation is based on the assumption that the development of research on mental alienation is not only concomitant with the material transformations of the asylum, but that both elements mutually condition each other, which is why it is necessary to analyse them from their points of encounter, from their reciprocal influences. From a methodological point of view, the aim is not only to use historical sources to reconstruct research practices, but also to investigate the history of the sources themselves: how were they produced, which actors were involved and by what procedures? The formation of media and instances of scientific debate through which research on mental alienation moves, such as scientific journals or congresses, will also be studied. Finally, it will be shown that the questioning of madness is not exclusively a matter for asylum alienism or psychiatry, but also for a series of related disciplines, such as neurology and legal medicine, which played a decisive role in the legitimisation, institutionalisation and standardisation of research on mental alienation, both in Chile and at the Pan-American level
Mnatsakanova, Maria. "Le mythe de Napoléon en Russie au XIX et au début du XX siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040085.
Full textNapoleon’s personality and the results of his reign have always been a source of discussion both in France and elsewhere, nor is Russia an exception to this rule. The corpus of poems and writings on Napoleon attracted my attention: what were the causes of the birth of the Napoleonic myth in Russia, and how did attitudes towards the French emperor change over time? Analysis not only of works by Russian historians written after Napoleon’s death up to the beginning of the 20th century, but also of literary works from the same period, reveals changes in the image of the Emperor. The black legend lasted for only a brief time, and after his death Napoleon became a hero for poets. And historians looked positively on the emperor as they attempted to explain the events that had taken place in Europe at the beginning of the century. The transfer of Napoleon’s mortal remains back to France in 1840 marks the apogee of the golden legend. In Russia, this legend began to wane after the death of Lermontov and especially after the publication of Tolstoy’s War and Peace. At the beginning of the 20th century, whilst the Napoleonic myth no longer excited Russian poets, historians on the other hand grew more and more interested in imperial period, Franco-Russian relations, and Napoleon’s internal policy. The Franco-Russian alliance and the centenary of the Campaign of 1812 influenced historical studies positively, but the events occurring in Russia after 1917 gave the legend another dimension and other meanings
Mnatsakanova, Maria. "Le mythe de Napoléon en Russie au XIX et au début du XX siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040085.
Full textNapoleon’s personality and the results of his reign have always been a source of discussion both in France and elsewhere, nor is Russia an exception to this rule. The corpus of poems and writings on Napoleon attracted my attention: what were the causes of the birth of the Napoleonic myth in Russia, and how did attitudes towards the French emperor change over time? Analysis not only of works by Russian historians written after Napoleon’s death up to the beginning of the 20th century, but also of literary works from the same period, reveals changes in the image of the Emperor. The black legend lasted for only a brief time, and after his death Napoleon became a hero for poets. And historians looked positively on the emperor as they attempted to explain the events that had taken place in Europe at the beginning of the century. The transfer of Napoleon’s mortal remains back to France in 1840 marks the apogee of the golden legend. In Russia, this legend began to wane after the death of Lermontov and especially after the publication of Tolstoy’s War and Peace. At the beginning of the 20th century, whilst the Napoleonic myth no longer excited Russian poets, historians on the other hand grew more and more interested in imperial period, Franco-Russian relations, and Napoleon’s internal policy. The Franco-Russian alliance and the centenary of the Campaign of 1812 influenced historical studies positively, but the events occurring in Russia after 1917 gave the legend another dimension and other meanings
Fontaine, Anne-Estelle. "Helene Schjerfbeck (1862-1946) : être une artiste femme finlandaise à la fin du XIX° siècle et au début du XX° siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040037.
Full textThis dissertation aims at revealing how the Finnish painter Helene Schjerfbeck’s (1862-1946) trajectory is typical of a Finnish woman artist at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, but remains unique from national artistic viewpoint. Providing a gender study perspective, this dissertation depicts the socio-historical and cultural context in which the painter worked, builds on her biography, and interprets her output using a selection of analytical tools provided by gender studies specializing in art history, and by sociology of art
Echenique, Catalina Valdés. "Del cruce a la frontera : una historia visual de la Cordillera de los Andes entre Argentina y Chile durante el siglo XIX." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0147.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the visual configuration of the Andes in the history of culture and art of Argentina and Chile during the nineteenth century. It proposes a thematic journey of the period from a selection of visual objects and texts produced in both countries at the time when they were defined and established as modern nations. At the beginning of this journey, in the early years of the republican era, the Cordillera is represented and symbolized as the scenario of the main events of the independence revolution, so it becomes a landmark for the construction of a memory and a national identity. The analysis continues with the pictorial presence of the Cordillera, particularly in some works representing this Andes as a place of political stake for these two nations at the middle of the century. With the establishment of the Cordillera as a landscape image, a reflection has been elaborated around the aesthetic status of the sublime and its updates in the Latin American context by considering the installation of the pictorial genre in the Chilean environment. The journey ends with the analysis of the visual construction of the Cordillera as a natural border between the two countries. It is observed how images of various types become argumentative pieces for the geopolitical dispute. The purpose of this work is to verify, through case studies, the diversity of rhetorical functions that assumes the representation of nature in the process of developing a national narrative
Foxonet, François. "L'esglesia i la catalanitat a la Catalunya del nord : segle XIX-primera part del segle XX." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0784.
Full textIn Northern Catalonia, despite the cultural revolution intent and, after the Concordat, despite the French ambient in the religious reconstruction, at the beginning of the XIXth century the religion was well integrated in the Catalan culture and represented the quasi exclusivity in the Catalan edition. From the middle of the century, the materialistic progress euphoria, the school generalisation, the cultural Jacobinism and the acculturation desire in the society will feed the French imposition. But taking into account that the public school excluded Catalan and religion, a part of the young clerics joined the First Catalan Renaissance. They were more concerned by the people salvation in his natural language than by the Nation political and cultural unification. But this clerical defence catalanisme loosed its aggressiveness after the peace intent with the Republic. Arrived in 1900 with a historical reparation spirit, Mgr de Carsalade wanted to keep the natural harmony between Religion, Earth and Culture. He encouraged the Second Catalan Renaissance. But the catalanisme became more and more laic and the revival generated by the bishop will be the religious catalanisme ultimate song. Today the local Church does not have the desire and the strength necessary for the religion re-enculturation and only can observe the re-catalanisation intents in the society
Déloye, Yves. "La citoyenneté au miroir de l'école républicaine et de ses contestations : Politique et religion en France XIX-XX siècle." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010298.
Full textApproaching citizenship from a sociological angle, the thesis sets about to realize the invention of this form of division of the political work, of its form of existence, and of the resistance it has historically met in france from 1880 to 1914. The analysis of the content in moral and civic instruction manuels in usage in the public and private schools prove the existence of two antagonistic representations of citizenship. Very cleary differentiated from the catholic culture which was dominent up to this date, the republican citizenship rests on an optimistic and rational conception of man which autorizes him to regulate, in an autonomous fashion, his passions. This moral autonomy permits the national identity to be diffrenciated from the catholic referent, in which is was traditionally mixed. Not subscriving to the principal of political autonomy, the church and the principal representatives of the catholic elite will refuse to adhere to this novice conception of a social and political link. They will contest the division operated by citizenzhip between the social man, engaged in life, the citizen belonging to the national community and the christian living his faith in the hope of salvation. Civicism and catholicism remains therefore inextricably linked. This refutation of the whole moral economy diffused by the public primary school teachers rests on a pessimistic conception of man. As a result of nature, man is only able to be moral when he is constrained by a metasocial power. God. The moral logic of salvation which forbids the emancipation of the citizen from the religions community which continues to form the basis for thre civic connection
Barretto, Diogo Cardoso. "Arquitetura e projeto de Catalunha na transição entre os séculos XIX e XX : um olhar desde as discussões desenvolvidas no Ateneu Barcelonês." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457561.
Full textCom a modernidade, a ideia de arquitetura como arte e gênero artístico autônomo é questionada por movimentos como o Arts-and-Crafts, o Pré-Rafaelismo e as manifestações artístico-decorativas como o Art-Nouveau Franco-Belga, a Sessezion Austríaca, o Jungendstill Alemão e o Modernisme Catalão, influenciados por conceitos como a Obra de Arte Total Wagneriana e pela crítica de personagens como Hegel. Foi na revolução científica que tomou forma a partir da baixa Idade Média que a escultura e construção se separaram como fenômeno. Mais tarde, com o nascimento da crítica de arte moderna, especialmente com a ideia de autonomia das diferentes expressões artísticas de Lessing, no século XVIII, e a estética de gêneros autônomos de Hegel, no século de XIX, formaliza-se a ideia da produção artística de gêneros autônomos. Complementariamente a esse processo, ocorre um afastamento entre a arte e a sociedade, em direção a uma arte purovisualista e Art-pour-l¿art. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é compreender a crítica produzida na Europa Fin-de-Siècle à autonomia social da arte e dos gêneros artísticos, especialmente no caso catalão, e a relação entre a arte e a arquitetura com o projeto político nacional. O foco centra-se no Ateneu Catalão/Barcelonês como objeto específico de investigação. A eleição dessa instituição se deve ao fato de que era um centro de reunião entre a intelectualidade e burguesia catalã durante a transição entre os séculos XIX e XX, e de que contava entre seus membros ativos com arquitetos tão importantes como Lluis Domènech i Montaner, Josep Puig i Cadafalch ou Antoni Gaudì, levando a cabo discussões variadas que incluíam o objeto teórico dessa tese. O método utilizado foi o de revisar as discussões realizadas dentro do ambiente institucional ateneístico por parte de personalidades ligadas direta ou indiretamente ao mundo da arte e da arquitetura, analisando-as sob a perspectiva da integração arte-sociedade à luz dos conceitos de Engenharia Social na obra de Karl Popper, Tradições Inventadas na obra de Eric Hobsbawm e as críticas desses fenômenos levadas a cabo no ambiente catalão por teóricos como Manuel Delgado ou Llorenç Prats.
Con la modernidad, la idea de la arquitectura como arte y género artístico autónomo es cuestionada por movimientos como el Arts-and-Crafts, los Pre-rafaelitas y las manifestaciones artísticas y decorativas tales como el Art-Nouveau franco-belga, la Sessezion austriaca, el Jungendstill alemán y el Modernisme catalán, influenciado por conceptos como obra de arte total de Wagner y la crítica de personajes como Hegel. Fue durante la revolución científica que se concretó a partir de la baja edad media que la escultura y la construcción fueran separadas como fenómeno. Más tarde, con el nacimiento de la moderna crítica del arte, sobre todo con la idea de la autonomía de las diferentes expresiones artísticas de Lessing en el siglo XVIII, y la estética de los géneros autónomos de Hegel, en el siglo XIX, se formaliza la idea de la producción géneros artísticos autónomos. Complementariamente a este proceso, surge una brecha entre el arte y la sociedad, hacia un arte purovisualista y Art-pour-L'art. El propósito de esta investigación es entender la crítica producida en la Europa Fin-de-Siècle hacia la autonomía social del arte y de los géneros artísticos, especialmente en el caso catalán, y la relación del arte y la arquitectura con el proyecto político nacional. El enfoque se centra en el Ateneo Catalán / Barcelonés como objeto específico de investigación. La elección de esta institución se debe al hecho de que era un centro de reunión de intelectuales y burgueses catalanes durante la transición entre los siglos XIX y XX, y que cuenta entre sus miembros activos con personajes tan importantes como los arquitectos Lluís Domènech i Montaner, Josep Puig i Cadafalch y Antoni Gaudí, llevando a cabo diversos debates que incluyeron el objeto teórico de esta tesis. El método utilizado fue revisar los debates celebrados en el entorno institucional ateneístico por personalidades vinculadas directa o indirectamente con el mundo del arte y la arquitectura, analizándolos desde la perspectiva de la integración de la sociedad y el arte a la luz de los conceptos de la Ingeniería Social de Karl Popper, la Invención de Tradiciones de Eric Hobsbawm y la crítica de estos fenómenos que se realizan en el entorno catalán por teóricos como Manuel Delgado o Llorenç Prats
Bilot, Pauline. "L'état aux champs : l'administration de justice rurale au Chili (1824-1875)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H007/document.
Full textIn Chile, during the nineteenth century, inspectors and sub-delegates were civil servants who served justice to the lowest strata – namely in the districts and the sub-delegations that formed the Republic. They were appointed by the governor of the province and were men who could read and write, enjoyed a certain economic independence and had decent social status. Most of them had no legal training nor knowledge: they were lego judges, as opposed to university lawyers, the letrados. They were conducting minor trials orally and, in the case of sub-delegates, light indictable cases; that is to say the most common and numerous ones. In addition, they held wide administrative and police entitlements which combined roles making them responsible for public order within their constituencies. All this, without any remuneration or gratuity from the State: such positions were in fact honorary charges, performed for free. [...] In view of these developments, the administrative feature of the county judge was appearing to “go against the grain”, which got noticed by the enlightened jurists of the time. Therefore, this thesis questions the permanence of these civil servants throughout the studied period, i.e. between the Justice Administrative Rules of 1824 and the Judiciary and Judicial Appointment Law of 1875. It also seeks to understand the meaning and credence of this function, to report on its activity and the conditions under which it was exercised, to imagine its effectiveness and its acceptance within the community – all of which being potentially able to contribute to its longevity. Two fields of study were favored in view of their representative value of the Chilean countryside: the Curicó province, a valley marked by commercial agriculture and traditional export, and the Copiapó province a mining desert well included in capitalist economy. [...] The studied “maladministration-of-justice” cases show that, before punishing and penalizing, the letrado judge attempted to advise and to guide his lego judges. Custodians of a valuable "know-how", these "ignorant" of the Law proved to be absolutely necessary for the maintenance of law and order. They acted – in more or less regulatory procedural terms – upon the daily life conflicts and disputes of their community as revealed through the sources (some of them being previously unpublished). Moreover, reports of judicial visits, court cases and administrative correspondence allow us to see county judges with a "human face". In short, they provide a way to understand how the state formation took place, in the countryside and from the latter’s own point of view
En Chile, en el siglo XIX, los inspectores y los subdelegados eran los funcionarios que administraban justicia a escala territorial local, es decir,respectivamente en los distritos y en las subdelegaciones que componían la República. Eran nombrados por el gobernador del Departamento entre los hombres que sabían leer y escribir, que eran dotados de cierta independencia económica, y que gozaban de buena reputación social. La gran mayoría de ellos no poseía una formación en derecho y tampoco conocimientos jurídicos:eran jueces “legos”, en oposición a los abogados de las universidades, los“letrados”. Inspectores y subdelegados conocían, solamente de forma verbal,juicios de mínima y menor cuantía. En el caso de los subdelegados, estos también conocían delitos leves; es decir, los juicios más comunes y numerosos.Por otra parte, inspectores y subdelegados asumían prerrogativas administrativas y policiales amplias, manejando un cúmulo único de funciones,que los hacía responsables del orden público en su circunscripción. Todo esto,sin ninguna remuneración ni gratificación de parte del Estado: se trataba en realidad de cargos concejiles, asumidos gratuitamente.Considerando estas evoluciones, la figura administrativa del juez rural parece estar a “contracorriente”, lo que fue muy bien percibido por los juristas ilustrados de la época. [...] Partiendo de esta observación, esta tesis cuestiona la permanencia de estos funcionarios durante todo el período estudiado entre el Reglamento de Administración de Justicia de 1824 y la Ley de Organización y de Atribuciones de los Tribunales de 1875. El trabajo busca comprender el sentido y el peso de esta función, así como rendir cuenta de su actividad y delas condiciones en las cuales se ejercía, e imaginar su eficacia y su aceptación en el seno de la comunidad. Todo lo anterior pudo contribuir a su permanencia.Dos terrenos de investigación fueron privilegiados por su valor representativo de los diferentes espacios rurales chilenos: el departamento de Curicó, valle de agricultura comercial y de exportación tradicional, y el departamento de Copiapó, desierto minero inserto en la economía capitalista. [...]Algunas de las que se estudiaron para este trabajo son inéditas, en particular, los informes de visitas judiciales, los expedientes judiciales, y las correspondencias administrativas, que permiten dar a los jueces rurales un“rostro humano”. En síntesis, ayudan a comprender cómo se realizó la construcción del Estado en el espacio rural, y desde el punto de vista de este último
Linck, Anouck. "Quand la Raison se mire dans le miroir de sorcière. Résonances de la pensée scientifique dans le récit fantastique des XIX et XX siècles." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040213.
Full textThe purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to analyze the reflection of scientific thinking in the Fantastic literature of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and, by the same token, to re-invigorate the theoretical approach to the Fantastic genre. The backbone of my thesis is to study the connection between reason and the Fantastic genre. In summarizing the specialists on this subject, one comes to the following conclusion: the Fantastic genre highlights the insufficiency of reason. It underlines the shortcomings, restrictions and failures of reason in the name of the inexhaustible complexity of reality. The image of reason that the Fantastic genre conveys is quite negative, although connected to a classical concept of rationality, nowadays obsolete. Some key revolutionary concepts of the twentieth century in the fields of physics and mathematics have significantly changed the way we regard reason. This progress marks the passage from classical reason (absolutist) to contemporary reason (relativist and a high degree of complexity). It could not be expected that Fantastic literature reflect a faultless and canonical image of reason, but a strictly negative image is unsatisfactory. The Fantastic genre is not insensitive, contrary to usual belief, to the amazing discoveries of modern science. It evolves in symbiosis with modern science. My goal is to show throughout this work that Fantastic literature gives a positive but troubled image of reason. The latter comes from the “monsters” that were invented by science during the twentieth century: Einstein’s relativity, quantum mechanics, Gödel’s theorem, non- classical logics (among others).In a Fantastic tale, strictly deductive reasoning, unbending and all-knowing is systematically defeated. But this is not proof that reason has reached its limits. Scientific thinking teaches us that it can be, on the contrary, a sign of an extension of reason. This rehabilitation of reason –of its "troubled" side– that takes into account the current scientific context updates the Fantastic genre and gives it a new unity. This updating means a substantial modification of the status of the supernatural: one does not consider it as a disorganizing agent but as an agent of rationality
Galant, Ivanne. "Séville dans les guides de voyage français et espagnols (XIX-XXe siècles)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAL002.
Full textEntitled Séville dans les guides de voyage français et espagnols (XIX-XXe siècles) [Seville in French and Spanish Travel Guides (XIXth-XXth centuries)], this dissertation intends to analyze the image of the Andalusian capital in the barely studied corpus of travel guides, from their emergence in the modern times until the dawn of mass tourism. The first part is meant to study how Franco-Spanish political and cultural relations shaped one—or more—picture(s) of Spain that varied from the “Black Legend” (1700-1823) to the “Red Legend” (1823-1905)—when travel guides were established as a genre—to the “Pink Legend” (1905-1962). The second part shows that guides, as vehicles of various temporal, spatial, historical, artistic, social and human representations, are ideal sources for cultural historians. Contrary to common beliefs, there is no single pattern for travel guides and this work intends to classify them. In the third part, the richness of the sources enables us to show that by appropriating such concepts as the picturesque or the exotic for example, but mostly by taking up or refuting stereotypes such as that of Spain as all “fanfare and tambourine”—in poet Antonio Machado’s words—, the varied forms adopted by guides have an influence on our perception of reality and on our representations. Thus the examination of the intersecting perspectives provided by guides constitutes a new approach to the relations between France and Spain and a fruitful starting point to tackle the construction of a discourse on the dialectics of identity and alterity. These concepts are explored through the study of built and living heritages, of the relations between the guides’ authors and their readers but also through the reading of History in the studied corpus.Key words: Cultural history, Spain, XIXth and XXth centuries, travel, tourism, travel guide, Seville, stereotypes, image
Bajo el título Sevilla en las guías de viaje francesas y españolas (siglos XIX-XX), la tesis propone analizar la imagen de la capital de Andalucía en el corpus genérico poco estudiado de las guías de viaje, desde su emergencia moderna hasta el advenimiento del turismo de masas. La primera parte de la tesis muestra como las relaciones políticas y culturales franco-españolas crearon una o varias imágenes de España que variaron a lo largo del periodo estudiado, desde la « leyenda negra » (1700-1823) hasta la « leyenda rosa » (1905-1962), pasando por la « leyenda roja » (1823-1905), periodo durante el cual el género de la guía de viaje se afirma. La segunda parte considerará las guías como unas fuentes ideales para la historia cultural ya que se pueden apreciar como vectores de diversas representaciones temporales, espaciales, históricas, artísticas, sociales, humanas. En efecto, a pesar de las ideas preconcebidas al respecto, no existe un único modelo de guía: podemos establecer una clasificación. Por fin, la riqueza del corpus estudiado permite mostrar, en una tercera parte, que las diferentes formas que la guía puede adoptar actúan sobre la percepción de la realidad y sobre las representaciones, apropiándose conceptos como lo pintoresco y lo exótico, y sobre todo utilizando o desmintiendo las imágenes estereotipadas de una España « de charanga y pandereta », según la expresión del poeta Antonio Machado. Por este doble motivo, el examen de las miradas cruzadas constituye un acercamiento nuevo para explicar las relaciones entre Francia y España, y a la vez un punto de partida fecundo para abordar la construcción de un discurso acerca de la pareja nocional identidad/alteridad. Estos conceptos reivindican su presencia en la tesis mediante el tratamiento del patrimonio arquitectural y vivo, la relación entre autor y lector de guía, así como mediante la lectura de la Historia en nuestro corpus
Fernandes, Tânia Alexandra Anica. "The ways behind the railways: Algarve's railway line. Technique transfers and transport development in Southern Portugal." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18711.
Full textSepúlveda, Cecília de Alencar Serra e. "O progresso a cidade e as letras : o intelectual e a transiçâo do século XIX para o XX em Salvador da Bahia." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0166.
Full textThis research on documentary sources investigates the way five intellectuals from Bahia, Brazil, lived and interpreted the process of modernization in the passage from the 19th century to the 20th century, evidenced in measures of urbanization that interfered not only in the urban fabric as well as in customs, practices and social interactions that gave meaning to the space. It deals with the sociology of intellectual which analyzes the performance of Silva Lima (1826-1910), Anna Bittencourt (1844-1930), Manuel Querino (1851-1923), Xavier Marques (1861-1942) and Cardoso de Oliveira (1865-1962) in the following works, respectively:/4 Bahia de Hâ 66 Anos (1907); Longos Serôes do Campo (1920); A Bahia de Outrora (1916); Boto e Cia /O Feiticeiro (1897/1922) and Dois Métros e Cinco (1905). The sample gathered five writers with distinct lives in ethnie, social and professional terms, composing a rich picture about the intellectual life of Bahia in the period in question. It was stimulated by previous studies which highlighted the relation between intellectual production and urban transformations. This field of research raises the problem of conceptual reification in the methodological sphere, confronted in the construction of "intellectual" as an analysis category and in the approach of the texts as data sources. On one side, it was observed the volubility of the statusof intellectual, conditioned by the access to certain groups and by criteria of récognition, and, on the other side, the dynamic nature of memoirs and of the novels produced by thèse writers that, beyond the imprisonment on media materials such as books and serial novels, constituted actions in the public sphere, claiming to be examinedfrom a historical perspective. Thus, the research isn't constrained to a conceptual definition of intellectuality, tracing instead the intellectual profile of Bahia, analyzing the spaces they frequented — their societies and their distinction criteria, the means of publication, the auditoriums, the audience, the editors and directors of newspapers. The research approached the texts of these writers as historical events, political actions in the printed media rather than as passive information sources. The first part of this thesis investigates the passage of intellectuals through abolitionists and republican groups, writers' coteries, in the Geographical and Historical Institute of Bahia and in the main periodicals of the city. The second part is devoted to the analysis of contents of a publication of each author, dealing with the thorough transformations that occurred in the dynamics of coexistence among citizens in the city of Salvador, thus outlining the sens of rupture which defines, from the perspective of local intellectuality, the coming of progress and modernity. The texts revealed not only the opinions of writers about the damage or benefits of modernization, but theirliving experience in the city, contributing to the phenomenology of the process abstractly understood as "modernity", emphasizing relevant aspects of changes in the forms of sociality such as the extinction of religious customs, the weakening of popular festivals, the adoption of Carnival replacing the "Entrudo", and new ways of meeting in open public spaces (streets, commercial spaces and squares) — aspects related to the process of socio-spatial segregation which interfered in the coexistence between rich and poor
Fielbaum, S. Alejandro. "Un siglo no tan serio : políticas del humor literario en Chile (1799 -1887)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080077.
Full text: Starting from specific considerations about the authoritarian construction of the modern Republic in Chile, our thesis researches the discourses and resistances to humor developed throughout the Chilean nineteenth century. To develop this hypothesis, we propose four sections. First, we show certain debates on humor and comedy in the history of European literature and philosophy, from Aristophanes to Derrida. In the second section, we start by presenting different politics of humor in Chile since its Independence. In the third section, we read the works of some Argentine authors who pass through Chile questioning Chilean conservatism. Finally, we present the politics of humor that progressively criticize the conservative and liberal governments. Finally, we conclude thinking in a humorist language foreign to knowledge, critic of the contemporary dominant language
A partir de ciertas consideraciones sobre el carácter autoritario de la construcción de una República moderna en Chile, nuestra tesis indaga en los discursos y resistencias ante el humor que se desarrollan a lo largo del siglo XIX chileno. Intentamos mostrar que ese orden rechaza las formas del humor que puedan poner en crisis el saber con el que se desea construir la República. Los intelectuales más destacados de ese entonces apelan a una lengua certera, que pueda distinguir la verdad de la ilusión, y así reír de quienes la confunden. Se trata de un humor muy seguro de sí, que será progresivamente cuestionado por quienes comienzan a criticar ese orden político y literario.Para desplegar esta hipótesis, desarrollamos cuatro secciones. En la primera, exponemos algunos debates sobre el humor y la comedia en la historia de la literatura y la filosofía en Europa, desde Aristófanes hasta Derrida. Con particular énfasis en los vínculos entre humor literario y materialismo filosófico, tal recorrido nos permite mostrar el filo crítico que puede tener el humor.En la segunda sección, comenzamos a presentar las políticas del humor en Chile, desde la Independencia. En concreto, comentamos los trabajos de Camilo Henríquez, José Joaquín de Mora, Andrés Bello y Salvador Sanfuentes para mostrar cómo los procesos de Independencia y construcción de la República van acompañados de un humor más cercano a la sátira que a la ironía, dispuesto a alejar las tentaciones del romanticismo europeo discutido a mediados de siglo.En la tercera sección, comentamos las obras de algunos de los autores argentinos que pasan por Chile cuestionando la agenda de Bello, a saber, Domingo Faustino Sarmiento y Juan Bautista Alberdi, no sin antes contextualizarlos en los debates sobre el romanticismo en Latinoamérica y en la obra previa de Esteban Echeverría. De esta manera buscamos mostrar cómo el liberalismo de Sarmiento y Alberdi se establece también contra ciertas formas de experimentar en la lengua, a diferencia de los románticos europeos con los que se los suele asociar.Luego presentamos las políticas del humor que, progresivamente, se oponen a los gobiernos conservadores y liberales defendidos por Sarmiento y Alberdi. Recorremos los textos de José Victorino Lastarria, Carmen Arriagada, Guillermo Matta y Rubén Darío, quien durante su paso por Chile recoge algunas de las críticas de Arriagada y Matta hacen a un proceso de modernización que no hace espacio a la experimentación literaria.El humor aparece en Darío como una clave de crítica ante ese discurso utilitario, y así de crítica al liberalismo imperante, posición cuyos ecos pueden leerse en miradas posteriores sobre la cultura chilena. Entre ellas, la de Raúl Ruiz, con quien en las conclusiones exponemos la continuidad de cierta afirmación de una lengua humorística, crítica de cualquier pretensión certera del saber, y así de las formas dominantes de la lengua contemporánea
Reyes, Macaya Rodolfo. "Le Crépuscule du koyag : chefferies mapuches et négociations de paix en temps des guerres (1765-1840)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUL044.pdf.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the political negotiations that shaped borders after the dismantling of the Spanish Empire in Latin America Southern Cone. We focus on the region of Araucania, the Pampas and northern Patagonia. We use a combined perspective of Amerindian history and frontier history, with tools of historical anthropology. Our main objective is to study the diachronic transformations of peace negotiations in wartime and the role of Mapuche leaders in these negotiations, particularly after the disorders linked to the fall of the Spanish empire, the Independence revolutions and the civil wars in the current territories of Chile and Argentina. The purpose is to answer the following question: what happened to the Mapuche chiefdoms and leaderships once the general parliaments (koyag) of the Bourbon era ceased to exist? The internal conflicts of Amerindian societies are externalized through leadership crisis, and this crisis, accompanied by intermittent revolts, migrations and raids, reach its greatest magnitude after the fall of the king's authority in the region. After the dismantling of the Hispanic empire, the chiefs legitimised their leadership in the heat of war, but succeeded in establishing and crystallising it, transforming it into authority, thanks to peace negotiations between themselves and with the Creole authorities. The emergence of new republics did not mean the end of the koyag, but led to their polycentric atomisation, resulting in the widespread fragmentation of Mapuche chiefdoms and the emergence of new collective identities
Esta es una investigación sobre las negociaciones políticas que dieron forma a las fronteras tras el desmantelamiento del imperio español en el Cono sur. Nos situamos en el área de la Araucanía, Pampas y Patagonia norte. Utilizamos una perspectiva combinada de historia indígena e historia de fronteras, con herramientas de la antropología histórica. Nuestro objetivo principal es estudiar las transformaciones diacrónicas de las negociaciones de paz en tiempos de guerra y el rol de los liderazgos mapuches en estas, en especial tras la conmoción que significó la caída del imperio español, las revoluciones de independencia y las guerras civiles en los actuales territorios de Chile y Argentina. Esto en pos de responder a la pregunta: ¿qué sucedió con el liderazgo mapuche en el área una vez que los parlamentos generales o koyag dejaron de realizarse con la regularidad y convocatoria que tuvieron en el periodo borbónico? Los conflictos internos de las jefaturas mapuches se habrían expresado en una crisis de liderazgo y esta crisis, con revueltas, migraciones y raids intermitentes, alcanzó su mayor amplitud tras la caída de la autoridad del rey en la región. Tras el desmantelamiento del imperio hispánico, los caciques legitimaron su liderazgo al calor de la guerra, pero lograron establecerlo y cristalizarlo, transformándolo en autoridad, gracias a las negociaciones de paz entre ellos y con las autoridades criollas. El surgimiento de nuevas repúblicas no significó el fin de los koyag, sino que condujo a su atomización policéntrica, dando lugar a la fragmentación generalizada de los cacicazgos mapuche y al surgimiento de nuevas identidades colectivas
Jammes, Sarah. "Miquel Utrillo et "Pèl & Ploma" : ou comment participer à la renaissance des arts catalans et internationaux (1899-1903)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20056.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of the artistic and literary illustrated review Pèl & Ploma, published in Barcelona between 1899 and 1903 and directed by its founding duo, the Catalan artists Miquel Utrillo (1862-1934) and Ramon Casas (1866-1932). This work focuses, on one hand, on showing Miquel Utrillo’s centrality in the course of his review. Thus, we consider his family context in this study that defines various regenerator issues of Pèl & Ploma situated in the Spanish context of the “Desaster” of 1898. On the other hand, the thesis specifies the main artistic and literary conceptions defended in the Barcelonese periodical, especially through several of its contributors who are all classified by nationality in synoptic charts placed in appendices. At last, this study especially highlights the European scope of Pèl & Ploma: it places the review in the middle of the effervescent press context published at that time in Spain and in the rest of Europe and identifies a number of international periodicals that influenced the Utrillo and Casas’s review during its four years of publication. The European perspective is also adopted in the analysis of the diffusion and reception of Pèl & Ploma beyond the national borders
Esta tesis tiene por objeto el estudio de la revista ilustrada artística y literaria Pèl & Ploma, publicada en Barcelona entre 1899 y 1903 y dirigida por su dúo fundador, los artistas catalanes Miquel Utrillo (1862-1934) y Ramón Casas (1866-1932). Este trabajo se dedica, por una parte, a mostrar el papel central que desempeña Miquel Utrillo en el curso de su revista. Así es como se toma en cuenta el contexto familiar de éste en este estudio, el cual define diversos objetivos regeneradores de la publicación Pèl & Ploma situada en el contexto español del “Desastre” del 98. Por otra parte, la tesis especifica las principales concepciones artísticas y literarias defendidas en el periódico barcelonés, especialmente a través de varios de sus colaboradores, los cuales aparecen todos clasificados por nacionalidad en unos cuadros sinópticos que están en los anejos de la tesis. Por fin, este estudio subraya particularmente la dimensión europea de Pèl & Ploma: sitúa la revista dentro del contexto próspero de la prensa publicada entonces en España y en el resto de Europa y determina algunos títulos internacionales que han influido en el periódico de Utrillo y de Casas durante sus cuatro años de publicación. Se adopta también la perspectiva europea en el análisis de la difusión y recepción de Pèl & Ploma que va mucho más allá de las fronteras nacionales
Bensalem, Boutaïna. "La presse française et l'espace marocain 1822-1912." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30054.
Full textIn early 19th Century, the French press was not particularly familiar with the Moroccan empire, despite old economic and diplomatic relations between France and Morocco. It is only after the colonization of Algeria that the French newspapers became interested in the old empire. France newly shared borders with Morocco created many tensions and speculations. The press started then to report concerns about the impact Morocco might have on the security of the new French colony. Journalists, men state and scholars turned their eyes toward this new turbulent neighbour. The old empire fascinated as much as it troubled and concerned them. The object of this thesis is to give us an insight into the Moroccan and French relations during the 19th century until 1912 through the particular perspective of the French press. It focuses on tensions and dynamics between the two countries and how they shaped the current international relations at both the Mediterranean and European levels
Rondou, Katherine. "Le thème de sainte Marie-Madeleine dans la littérature d'expression française, en France et en Belgique, de 1814 à nos jours." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210807.
Full textSur la base d'une analyse minutieuse des différentes composantes du thème magdaléen dans la littérature franco-belge d'expression française après 1814, et des incarnations féminines qui s'en dégagent, cette thèse définit les contours du visage de la Madeleine de ces deux derniers siècles, et démontre la raison fondamentale de la permanence de la figure évangélique à travers les siècles :sa rencontre immédiate, et constante, avec le motif de la Femme dans la civilisation judéo-chrétienne.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Kuntsevich, Daria. "L'oeuvre de Nicolas Minsky dans le contexte du symbolisme français." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30001/document.
Full textThe dissertation is devoted to a complex comparative research of works of the poet, philosopher, publicist, playwright and one of founders of symbolism in Russia, Nikolay Maksimovich Minsky, in the context of the French symbolism. The dissertation examines the genesis of early Russian symbolism, which was partially shaped by the concepts and categories of French symbolism. The work presents a large body of texts in Russian, translated into French for the first time and previously not subject to literary analysis; these texts reveal the picture of the socio-cultural situation and the main features of the turn-of-the-century consciousness of the late XIX century. Minsky's work was formed at the junction of influence of French and Russian literature, so the comparative approach to the analysis of the poet's work allows us to determine its place in the development of world culture, as well as to emphasize once again the importance of the cultural ties between Russia and France
Диссертация посвящена компаративистскому исследованию творчества поэта, философа, публициста, драматурга, одного из родоначальников символизма в России, Николая Максимовича Минского, в контексте французского символизма. В диссертации рассматривается генезис раннего русского символизма, сформировавшегося частично благодаря понятиям и категориям французского символизма. В работе представлен большой корпус русских текстов, впервые переведенных на французский язык и ранее не оказывавшихся предметом литературоведческого анализа, которые раскрывают картину социокультурной ситуации и основные особенности рубежного сознания конца XIX столетия. Творчество Минского формировалось на стыке влияния французской и русской литератур, поэтому компаративистский подход к анализу творчества поэта позволяет определить его место в процессе развития мировой культуры, а также в очередной раз подчеркнуть важность культурных связей между Россией и Францией
Trancart, Vinciane. "Accords et désaccords. Pratiques et représentations de la guitare à Madrid et en Andalousie de 1883 à 1922." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030100/document.
Full textDuring the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries, when the question of national identity is continuing to develop in Spain, the guitar is repeatedly mentioned as the “national instrument”. This platitude ultimately proves to be a paradoxical symbol of an identity that is still under debate during this period. While stereotypical descriptions caricature the reality by oversimplifying it, on the contrary, guitar practices diversify during the Restoration, because of technical changes in the instrument and the evolution of folk, classical and flamenco music. The composition in 1920 by Manuel de Falla of the first piece for solo guitar (Homenaje a Debussy) and the organization of the First Contest of the Cante Jondo in Granada in 1922 testify to the gradual recognition of the instrument. Yet the proliferation of printed matter, favored by the freedom of the press law (1883), gives rise to numerous literary and visual representations of the guitar that do not accurately reflect these changes. They mostly bring out its popular, Andalusian and even flamenco character, and its ability to impregnate the imagination. Published in periodicals in Madrid or Andalusia, these works influence the reception of the instrument: it is both appreciated by an increasingly wide audience, disregarded for being absent from museums and institutions, and rejected by social and moral standards because of its presence in decried places. Yet, even when this stereotype is disputed, the guitar takes on an original symbolic dimension, rooted in everyday life, which manifests itself through the emotions it provokes
En la bisagra entre los siglos XIX y XX, cuando la cuestión de la identidad nacional se planteaba con intensidad en España, se aludió muchas veces a la guitarra como el “instrumento nacional”. Este lugar común aparece como un símbolo paradójico de una identidad todavía en debate. Mientras que el cliché caricaturiza la realidad simplificándola, las prácticas de la guitarra, por el contrario, se diversificaron durante la Restauración, debido a las transformaciones técnicas del instrumento y a la evolución de la música popular, clásica y flamenca. La composición en 1920 por Manuel de Falla de la primera obra para una guitarra solista (Homenaje a Debussy) y la organización del Primer Concurso de Cante Jondo en Granada en 1922 dan fe del progresivo reconocimiento del instrumento. Sin embargo, la multiplicación de los impresos, favorecida por la Ley de Policía de Imprenta (1883), dio lugar a numerosas representaciones literarias y plásticas de la guitarra que no reflejaban fielmente esas mutaciones, sino que destacaban, sobre todo, su carácter popular, andaluz e incluso flamenco, y su capacidad de impregnar todo el imaginario colectivo español. Publicadas en periódicos andaluces o madrileños, estas obras influyeron en la recepción del instrumento que, apreciado por un público cada vez más amplio, resultaba también desconocido, por su ausencia en museos e instituciones, al mismo tiempo que era rechazado según criterios sociales y morales por su presencia en lugares considerados deshonrosos. No obstante, incluso cuando se critica el estereotipo, la guitarra posee una dimensión simbólica, enraizada en lo cotidiano, que se manifiesta a través de la emoción que suscita
Pirisino, Claudio. "Autour de la "regìa". La mise en scène en Italie : 1893-1943. Protagonistes, histoires, débats." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA153.
Full textThis doctoral thesis challenges the simplistic doxa in theatre historiography that views genesis of theatre direction in Italy as a late phenomenon in comparison to other countries such as Germany, France, and Russia. This “delay” is thought to be due to the actor’s persistent self-referential tradition. According to the doxa, the Italian theatre system would have been resistant to the introduction of the new role of director, which was perceived as extraneous. This situation would have been caused in Italy by the popularity of wandering companies and the absence of a dominant theatrical focal point such as Paris was in France. The phenomenon of a strictly speaking regìa would have only emerged after the Second World War. This view has led to a series of misinterpretations and misunderstandings that oversimplify the phenomenon of the development of modern direction, favouring a teleological argument of qualitative progress. However, a number of studies carried out from the 2000’s encourage us to consider the direction as a complex aspect of the theatrical art. Concepts such as ‘proto-direction’ (Perrelli, 2005) and continuity/discontinuity (Sarrazac-Consolini, 2010), show the limits of an univocal definition of this art. In light of these studies, the Italian panorama appears as an uncharted territory. A recent study of the European directors’ tours in Italy for the years from the 1911 to 1940, has actually demonstrated the Italian system’s responsiveness (Schino, 2008).My research investigates the origin of the concept of “delay”, and the reasons by which theatre direction in Italy came to be considered by scholars as some sort of grail. I also highlight how direction in Italy emerges from the main source of the supposed delay itself: the actor. Indeed, the appearance of theatre direction is not abrupt; but rather a multifaceted art, which changes according to artists’ modus operandi and is dependent on the characteristics of the theatrical system
Polisciuc, Olesia. "“A Escuridão do Eu: O Inconsciente e o Primitivo na Literatura Inglesa da Viragem do Seculo XIX para XX”." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/93754.
Full text“A Escuridão do Eu: O Inconsciente e o Primitivo na Literatura Inglesa da Viragem do Seculo XIX para XX”O fascínio pelos enigmas mais escuros da mente humana sempre foram e serão atuais, pois estão em constante evolução – acompanhando o tempo. O contexto da época vitoriana e da viragem do século é um momento particularmente interessante para seguir a atração e mergulhar em busca do novo Eu: escuro, primitivo e misterioso. Este novo Eu nasceu especificamente nesta época graças ao conjunto de acontecimentos históricos e sociais durante a época vitoriana, como a industrialização, a expansão da metrópole e a urbanização, o progresso e as descobertas inovadoras na ciência e tecnologia. A maior problemática que o sujeito vitoriano enfrentou na viragem do século foi a perceção de que o inconsciente do individuo não é como se pensava antes – não pode ser explicado pela razão e a lógica, não pode ser controlado e pode ser bastante perigoso tanto para a sociedade, como para o próprio sujeito. Após esta perceção, o indivíduo, fragmentado e em crise, teve de gerir o primitivo dentro de si e passar por um processo da interiorização deste primitivo.Adicionalmente, a ansiedade e as incertezas em relação ao futuro geram uma crise existencial com qual o sujeito vitoriano também tem de lidar. A análise deste processo de busca e de interiorização do primitivo no sujeito pode ser feita recorrendo à Literatura Inglesa das últimas décadas do século XIX e da viragem do século, que refletem o contexto cultural da época.Esta tese ocupa-se da análise de obras relevantes para esta problemática, de autores como Robert Louis Stevenson, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886), Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Sign of Four” (1890) e Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness (1902), investigando como elas refletem o processo da interiorização do novo Eu do sujeito vitoriano.
“The Darkness of the I: The Uconscious and the Primitive in Fin de Siècle English Literature”The fascination with the darkness of the human mind always has been and will continue to be topical, because it is constantly evolving, moving with the times. The Victorian century and the fin de siècle have a prominent position in the discovery of a new “I”, primitive and mysterious, which emerged due to the significant changes of the XIX century like industrialization, urbanization and the expansion of metropolitan areas, scientific progress and innovations in techlology. The unconscious and the primitive were completely new and undiscovered by Victorian individuals, used to the stability and the rigid order established in society. This primitive part of the subject could neither be explained by logic, nor controlled, making it a possible danger both for society and the individual. This perception of a fragmented individual in crisis was compounded by a process of interiorization of the primitive inside.Never before was the primitive so close and so obvious, so aggressive and problematic, not only in the wider society, but within the Victorian subject. Anxieties and uncertainties about the future created the conditions for an existential crisis of the subject. English Literature of the last decades of the XIX century will lend itself easily to an analysis of the interiorization of the primitive, since it perfectly reflects the cultural context of the era.This dissertation brings together three works of British Literature: Robert Louis Stevenson´s Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886), Arthur Conan Doyle´s “The Sign of Four” (1890) and Joseph Conrad´s Heart of Darkness (1902) and analyses how they all reflect this process of interiorization of the primitive inside the subject.
Universidade de Coimbra - Bolsa de Estudo (DGES)